2021版高考英語（譯林版）一輪復(fù)習(xí)基礎(chǔ)考點聚焦學(xué)案：必修3Unit1　Theworldofoursenses-學(xué)案下載-教習(xí)網(wǎng)

一、語基必備知識
(一)重點詞匯——分類記憶
Ⅰ.閱讀詞匯——知其意
1．glance vi.& n．瞥一眼，匆匆看
2．stare vi. 凝視，盯著看
3．nowhere adv. 無處，到處都不
4．whisper vi.& vt. 小聲說；私下說
5．narrow adj. 狹窄的
6．contrary adj. 相反的
n. 相反的事實或情況
7．panic vi.& n. 驚慌，恐慌
8．loose adj. 松動的，松開的；寬松的
vt. 松開，釋放
Ⅱ.核心詞匯——寫其形
1．a(chǎn)pproach vi.& vt. 靠近；著手處理
n. 靠近；方法；路徑
2．puzzle n. 謎，疑問
vt. 迷惑，使困惑
3．volunteer n. 志愿者
vi.& vt. 自愿做，義務(wù)做
4．likely adj. 可能的
5．calm adj. 鎮(zhèn)靜的，沉著的，平靜的
vt.& vi. 使平靜，鎮(zhèn)靜
6．grasp vt. 抓緊，抓牢
7．grateful adj. 感激的，表示感謝的
8．reduce vt.& vi. 減少
9．a(chǎn)ttach vt. 使連在一起，把……附在
……上；認為……重要
10．a(chǎn)id n．& vt. 幫助
Ⅲ.拓展詞匯——通其變
1．suit n．套裝 vt.適合，滿足需要→suitable adj.合適的，適宜的
2．confuse vt.使糊涂，使迷惑→confused adj.困惑的→confusing adj.令人困惑的→confusion n．迷惑，混淆
3．observe vt.觀察；注意到；評論→observer n．觀察者；評論者→observation n．觀察；評論
4．hesitate vi.猶豫，遲疑不決→hesitation n．猶豫
5．a(chǎn)nxious adj.焦慮的，憂慮的→anxiety n．焦慮；渴望
6．recognize vt.認識，辨認出；意識到；(正式)承認→recognition n．識別；確認，認可；賞識
7．ignore vt.忽視；對……不予理會→ignorant adj.無知的，愚昧的→ignorance n．愚昧，無知
8．employ vt.使用；雇用→employer n．雇主→employee n．受雇者，雇員，雇工→employment n．職業(yè)；雇用；使用
9．relief n．輕松，寬慰→relieve v．減輕；解除
10．a(chǎn)nalyse vt.分析→analysis n．分析；驗定
11．distance n．距離；遠處→distant adj.遙遠的
12．disability n．缺陷；傷殘→disabled adj.殘疾的→disable v．使(某人)失去能力/殘疾
13．a(chǎn)ttract vt.吸引→attractive adj.有吸引力的，誘人的→attraction n．吸引，有吸引力的人或事

1.“看”遍天下
①observe 觀察
②glance (at) 匆匆看一眼
③watch 觀看，關(guān)注
④notice 注意到，留心
⑤stare (at) 凝視，盯著看
⑥glare (at) 怒視
⑦peer 窺視，凝視
⑧witness 目擊，目睹
2.“方法”多樣
①approach ②means
③method ④way
⑤manner ⑥mode
3．“抓住，捕捉”集合
①grasp ②seize
③hold ④catch
⑤capture
4.“驚恐”萬狀
①fear 擔(dān)心，害怕
②alarm 使驚恐，警告
③frighten 使害怕，嚇唬
④horror 驚駭，恐怖
⑤terror 恐怖，驚駭
⑥shock 震驚，使吃驚
⑦panic 驚慌，恐慌
(二)重點短語——記牢用活
1．glance_at 瞥一眼，匆匆看
2．in_sight 看得到，在視力范圍之內(nèi)
3．reach_out 伸出(手)
4．watch_out_for 留心，密切注意
5．pay_back 償還；回報；報復(fù)
6．make_any_difference 有差別，有影響
7．be_related/linked_to 與……有關(guān)/聯(lián)系
8．clear_up (天氣)放晴
9．work_out 制訂出；算出；進展順利
10．come_across 邂逅，不期而遇
11．roll_up 卷起來
12．result_in 導(dǎo)致，結(jié)果是
13．stare_at 盯著看，睜大眼睛看
14．a(chǎn)ttach...to... 把……附在……上
15．make_sense 有意義；講得通
16．wish_for 盼望，企盼
17．be_grateful_to 對……表示感激
18．to_one’s_surprise 使某人驚奇的是
19．come_to_one’s_aid 幫助某人
20．in_the_distance 在遠處

1.“v.＋across”常用短語
①come across 邂逅，不期而遇
②get across 使明白
③cut across 走捷徑
④run across 穿過；碰到
⑤go across 穿過，通過
2.wish短語小結(jié)
①wish for 盼望，企盼
②as you wish 隨心所欲
③fulfill a wish 實現(xiàn)愿望
④get one’s wish 如愿以償
⑤make a wish 許愿，祈求
⑥go against one’s wishes 與某人的意愿相違
3.pay短語速記
①pay back 償還；回報；報復(fù)
②pay off 付清；取得成功
③pay for 為……而付錢
④pay a visit to 參觀，拜訪
⑤pay attention to 注意
(三)重點句式——背熟巧用
句型公式
教材原句
句型1：by the time引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句，主句常用完成時
As she walked along the narrow street, she heard the sound of footsteps approaching, but by_the_time she reached the corner of the street, the footsteps were gone.　
當沿著那條狹窄的街道行走時，她聽到了漸近的腳步聲，但當她走到街道的拐角處時，腳步聲卻又消失了。
句型2：find＋賓語＋賓語補足語
Polly found_herself_staring up at the face of an old man with a beard.
波莉抬頭看去，發(fā)現(xiàn)是一位長著絡(luò)腮胡子的老人。
句型3：rather than而不是，常用于平行結(jié)構(gòu)中
While having dinner, listen to some enjoyable music rather_than watch television.　
吃晚飯時，聽一些令人愉快的音樂而不是看電視。
句型4：倍數(shù)句型：...times＋adj./adv.比較級＋than...
Don’t be frightened by sharks: you are 30_times_more_likely to be hit by lightning than be attacked by a shark.
不要懼怕鯊魚，因為你被閃電擊中的概率可能是被鯊魚攻擊的30倍。
二、語境強化訓(xùn)練
Ⅰ.語境填詞——根據(jù)提示寫出該詞的適當形式
1．(2017·江蘇卷)In 1963 the UN set up the World Food Programme, one of whose purposes is to relieve(減輕) worldwide starvation.
2．We will be exploring different approaches(方法) to gathering information.
3．Facing the difficulty, I kept calm(鎮(zhèn)靜的) and tried to think of a way out.
4．Time is running out. It’s likely(可能的) that we’ll miss the deadline.
5．I’m so grateful to all those volunteers(志愿者) because they helped my terrible day end happily.
6．The final score of the basketball match was 93∶94. We were only narrowly(narrow) beaten.
7．Some hospital patients experience high levels of anxiety(anxious)．
8．There was still a distance(distant) between me and my father.
9．So employed(employ) was he in playing computer games that he didn’t hear the knock.
10．I had no hesitation(hesitate) in calling the police because I realised he was capable of murder.
Ⅱ.派生詞練習(xí)——用所給詞的適當形式填空
1．I found a suitable shopping mall, where last night I bought a coat that suited me just fine.(suit)
2．It was within easy walking distance of the hotel, but he felt it distant and chose another one.(distant)
3．Catherine hesitated to whether to answer the telephone, but after a brief hesitation,_she picked it up.(hesitate)
4．Deaf though she is, the disabled girl refuses to let her disability prevent her from doing what she wants.(disable)
Ⅲ.選詞成篇
watch out; attach importance to; without hesitation; reach out; in sight
The 75-year-old Mr. Zhang went out for shopping on a foggy morning, but he could see nothing 1.in_sight. As a result, he came across a traffic accident as he approached the crossroads. Fortunately, some passers-by 2.reached_out their hands to help him and rushed him to the hospital 3.without_hesitation. Mr. Zhang was grateful to those who had helped him. This reminds us that everyone should 4.attach_importance_to safety and we should 5.watch_out when crossing the road.
in the distance; to one’s surprise; come across; make a difference; work out; pay back; wish for
One day, I got across a long road in Xi’an. 6.To_my_surprise,_I 7.came_across some famous professors, who 8.wished_for passing on their knowledge to others without being 9.paid_back. At the same time, they also 10.worked_out an anti-poverty plan to help those living 11.in_the_distance,_which, they hoped, would 12.make_a_difference．
Ⅳ.完成句子
1．當你收到這封信時，我已經(jīng)離開這個國家了。
By the time this letter reaches you, I have_left the country.
2．他失望地發(fā)現(xiàn)他的建議被拒絕了。
He was disappointed to find_his_suggestions_turned_down．
3．正是文化而非語言使得他很難適應(yīng)國外的新環(huán)境。
It was the culture, rather_than_the_language,_that made it hard for him to adapt to the new environment abroad.
4．這個大廳比我們的教室大五倍。
This hall is five_times_bigger_than our classroom.

observe　vt.看到，觀察，注意到；遵守(法律，習(xí)俗等)；慶祝(節(jié)日等)；評論
[一詞多義]——寫出下列句中observe的含義
①(2019·天津卷)We can observe that artificial intelligence has already made an impact on our lives in many ways.觀察
②(江蘇卷)Therefore, rules should be worked out and strictly observed.遵守
③I’d like to tell you something about how we observe the Spring Festival.慶祝
④She observed her best friend walking on the opposite side of the road.注意到
[能力提升]——完成句子
⑤當我經(jīng)過他的房子時，我看到他正在院子里玩耍。
When I passed by his house, I observed_him_playing in the yard.
⑥剛才他被看到拿著一本書走進了辦公室。
He was_observed_to_enter the office with a book in his hand just now.

observe sb. doing sth.　看到某人正在做某事
observe sb.do sth. 看到某人做了某事
observe sb./sth. done 看到某人/物被……
[佳句背誦] Also known as Tomb-Sweeping Day, the Qingming Festival is usually observed around April 5 and is a time for honoring deceased family relatives. 　
清明節(jié)，也就是人們熟知的掃墓日，通常在4月5日左右，人們常在這一天祭祀亡故的親人。
[名師點津] observe作“觀察；注意”講時，可用省去to的動詞不定式或v.-ing形式作賓語補足語；但如果用于被動語態(tài)，省去的動詞不定式符號to要還原。類似的詞還有see, watch, notice, hear, feel，make等。
approach　v．接近；靠近；走近；處理　n．接近；通路；方法；步驟
[基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)]——單句語法填空
①a.(天津卷)Absorbed in painting, John didn’t notice evening approaching(approach)．
b．(上海卷) Approaching(approach) the city center, we saw a stone statue of about 10 meters in height.
②a.(2018·全國卷Ⅱ)China’s approach to protecting its environment while feeding its citizens “offers useful lessons for agriculture and food policymakers worldwide，”．..
b．At the approach of the 2021 college entrance examination, most of us stay up late to study.
[能力提升]——詞匯/句式升級
(普通表達) As the time for graduation is coming, we are busy with our papers.
③(高級表達)As the time for graduation is approaching/drawing_near/around_the_corner,_we are busy with our papers.
④(高級表達)With_the_time_for_graduation_approaching,_we are busy with our papers.(with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu))

approach sb./sth. 靠近/接近某人/某物
an approach to... 做某事的方法；通向
某地的路
at the approach of 在快到……的時候
[佳句背誦] The four diagnostic approaches of TCM consist of observing, listening and smelling, inquiring and pulse taking.
望、聞、問、切是中醫(yī)診斷的四種方法。
[名師點津] (1)表示“(做)某事的方法”的搭配還有：①the way to do/of (doing) sth.；②the means of (doing) sth.；③the method of (doing) sth.。
(2)way, means, manner, method和approach都有“方法”之意，但搭配不同。例如in this way, with this method, by this means, in this manner。
(3)表示“……來臨”的表達有：
be approaching; be drawing near; be around the corner。
hesitate　v．猶豫，遲疑不決
[基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)]——單句語法填空
①She hesitated about/over the choice between the two cellphones, Mate 30 or Mate 20.
②(2019·北京卷)If a student gets hungry on the long drives to and from school, Wilson never hesitates to_buy(buy) them a meal.
③Please have no hesitation(hesitate) in writing to me if you want me to do something for you in China.
[能力提升]——一句多譯
(2018·全國卷Ⅰ)如果你對餐桌禮儀還有一些疑問，請不要猶豫，告訴我。
④If you still have some doubts about table manners, please don’t_hesitate_to_tell_me．(hesitate)
⑤If you still have some doubts about table manners, please tell_me_without_hesitation．(hesitation)

(1)hesitate about/over (doing) sth.
(做)……猶豫不決
hesitate to do sth. 猶豫做某事
(2)hesitation n. 猶豫；遲疑；不情愿
without hesitation 毫不猶豫地
　
[佳句背誦] Please do not hesitate to ask me if you have any questions or require more information.
如果您有任何問題或需要更多信息，請隨時詢問我。(2019·全國卷Ⅲ)
[詞塊助記] don’t hesitate to call us
隨時給我們打電話
accept the job without hesitatio
毫不猶豫地接受了這份工作
anxious　adj.焦慮的，憂慮的；掛念的；渴望的，急切的；不安的
[基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)]——單句語法填空
①(2019·天津卷)She was anxious to_know(know) what had happened.
②a.(2018·天津卷)Anxiously(anxious) I went to bed dreaming about what I would find at the top of this magical mountain.
b．(北京卷)Anxious(anxious) all the time, I was unable to keep focused for more than an hour at a time.
③If you are worried about your health, share your anxiety(anxious) with your doctor.
[能力提升]——完成句子/句式升級
我非常擔(dān)心即將到來的考試，以至于晚上都睡不著覺。
④(普通表達)I’m so_anxious_about_the_coming_exam_that I can hardly fall asleep at night.
⑤(高級表達)Anxious_about_the_coming_exam,_I can hardly fall asleep at night.(形容詞短語作狀語)

(1)be anxious for/about sth.
為某事?lián)?憂慮)
be anxious (for sb.) to do sth.
渴望(某人) 做某事
(2)anxiety n. 焦慮，憂慮，擔(dān)心
with anxiety 焦慮地
(3)anxiously adv. 焦急地，憂慮地；渴望地
[佳句背誦] Some of us were confident and eager to take part in the class activity; others were nervous and anxious.　我們有些同學(xué)很自信，渴望參加課堂活動，另一些同學(xué)則緊張不安。(2018·全國卷Ⅲ)
[名師點津] 表示渴望(做)某事的常用短語還有l(wèi)ong to do sth./for sth.；desire to do sth./for sth.；be eager to do sth./for sth.；be dying to do sth./for sth.等。
relief　n．(痛苦、憂慮等的)解除，減輕，調(diào)劑；救濟；輕松，寬慰
[基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)]——單句語法填空
①(山東卷)Those who suffer from headache will find they get relief from this medicine.
②Much to my parents’ relief, I was eventually admitted to a key university.
③The patient was relieved of his chest pain by a special treatment.
[能力提升]——一句多譯
幫助他們最終擺脫困境是多么令人欣慰的事?。?br /> ④It_is_a_relief_to_help them out of trouble finally.(it作形式主語)
⑤What_a_relief_it_is_to_help them out of trouble finally！(感嘆句)

(1)to one’s relief　令人感到欣慰的是
with relief 欣慰地，寬慰地
(2)It is a relief to do sth. 做某事很放心/舒心。
What a relief! 多么令人欣慰??！
breathe a sigh of relief 如釋重負，松了一口氣
(3)relieve v. (疼痛/問題等)減輕，緩解
relieve sb.of... 解除/減輕某人的……
　
[佳句背誦] Still, most of us volunteers breathe a sigh of relief when the season comes to a close.
盡管如此，當季節(jié)結(jié)束時，我們大多數(shù)志愿者都會松一口氣。(2019·全國卷Ⅱ)
recognis(z)e　vt.(正式)承認；認識，辯認出；認知；意識到
[基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)]——單句語法填空
①a.(2019·江蘇卷)China’s image is improving steadily, with more countries recognizing(recognize) its role in international affairs.
b．If you want to get your ability recognised(recognise), you have to show it in your work rather than complain all day.
②(安徽卷)I haven’t seen Sara since she was a little girl, and she has changed beyond recognition(recognise)．
[能力提升]——句式升級
(普通表達)People recognise that environmental pollution has become one of the most serious problems that people face.
③(高級表達)It_is_recognised_that environmental pollution has become one of the most serious problems that people face. (it引導(dǎo)主語從句)
④(高級表達)Environmental pollution is_recognised_to_have_become one of the most serious problems that people face. (被動語態(tài))

(1)recognise/recognize sb./one’s voice
認出某人/聽出某人的聲音
recognise/recognize...as/to be 承認……是；
認出……是
It is recognised/recognized that... 人們公認……
(2)recognition n. 認出；認識
beyond recognition 認不出來
　[佳句背誦] Cellphones, which are now universally recognised as/to be a must, have a great effect on us.　手機現(xiàn)在被普遍認為是一種必需品，對我們有很大的影響。
[名師點津] 表示“認為……是……”的短語：
①regard...as...②consider...as...③see...as...④view...as...⑤think of...as...⑥look on...as...⑦treat...as...⑧think...to be...
attach　vt.系；貼；連接；把……固定；使附屬；重視
[基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)]——單句語法填空
① (全國卷Ⅰ)So I have no choice but to bother you to correct my mistakes in the material I attach to the letter.
②a.(2019·浙江卷6月)But at Union Station in Los Angeles last month, a board went up with dollar bills attached(attach) to it with pins and a sign that read，“Give What You Can, Take What You Need.”
b．This research centre attached(attach) to the university is in the charge of Mr.Smith.
[能力提升]——完成句子
③很明顯人們更加重視經(jīng)常鍛煉。
It’s evident that people attach_greater_significance_to_taking_regular_exercise．
(1)attach...to...　把……附在……上；

把……固定到……上
attach importance/significance to
重視，認為……重要/有意義
(2)attached adj. (作表語)附屬于；
依戀的
be attached to 依戀；愛慕；留戀；
附屬于　
[佳句背誦] Great importance has been attached to
qualified personnel in our nation since ancient times.
自古以來，我國就十分重視人才。
[名師點津] attach ...to ...中的to為介詞，其后接名詞、代詞或動名詞。
calm　vt.&vi.使平靜；鎮(zhèn)靜　adj.平靜的；鎮(zhèn)靜的；沉著的
[基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)]——單句改錯
①(四川卷)Don’t panic or get out of line，and try to remain quiet and calmly.calmly→calm
[能力提升]——完成句子
②在緊急情況下，面對危險我們應(yīng)該保持鎮(zhèn)靜，這點至關(guān)重要。
We should keep_calm_in_the_face_of_danger,_which matters much in case of emergency.

(1)calm (sb.) down (使某人)平靜下來；鎮(zhèn)靜下來
(2)stay/keep/be calm 保持鎮(zhèn)靜
(3)calmness n. 鎮(zhèn)靜；沉著　
[佳句背誦] Don’t be nervous！Keep calm even when you are in the face of danger.
別緊張！即使面對危險時也要保持鎮(zhèn)定。
likely　adj.可能的
[基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)]——單句語法填空
①(2019·全國卷Ⅰ)Hospital patients who see tree branches out their window are likely to_recover(recover) at a faster rate than patients who see buildings or sky instead.
②(陜西卷)If one is late for a job interview, it is unlikely(likely) that he will get the job.
[能力提升]——一句多譯
白天這個時候他不可能來，因為他太忙了。
③He_is_not_likely_to_come/It_is_not_likely_that_he_will_come at this time of the day because he is too busy. (likely)
④It_is_not_possible_for_him_to_come/It_is_not_possible_that_he_will_come at this time of the day because he is too busy. (possible)
⑤It_is_not_probable_that_he_will_come at this time of the day because he is too busy. (probable)

(1)Sb./Sth.be likely to do sth.　某人/某物可
能會做某事
It is likely that... 很可能……
(2)unlikely adj. 不可能的　
[名師點津] (1)likely指從表面跡象來判斷，表面上看來有可能。常用結(jié)構(gòu)：Sth./Sb.is likely to do sth.；It’s likely that ...；
(2)possible指客觀上有可能，也許實際發(fā)生的可能性并不大。常用結(jié)構(gòu)：It is possible (for sb.) to do sth.；It is possible that ...；
(3)probable表示有幾分根據(jù)的推測，比possible表示的可能性大，一般不用表示人的詞作主語。常用結(jié)構(gòu)：It is probable that ...。
employ　vt.雇用；利用(時間、精力等)
[基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)]——單句語法填空/猜測加黑詞的含義
①(2019·全國卷Ⅰ)Modern methods of tracking polar bear populations have_been_employed(employ) only since the mid-1980s，and are expensive to perform consistently over a large area.
②The government has taken effective measures to create more employment(employ) opportunities.
③Employed in reading, he didn’t see Tom come in.忙于(做某事)
[能力提升]——完成句子
④公司的老板正在努力營造一種輕松的氛圍，員工可以在這種氛圍中享受他們的工作。
The boss of the company is trying to create an easy atmosphere where_his_employees_enjoy_their_work．

(1)employ sb.as...　雇用某人任……
employ sb.to do sth. 雇用某人做某事
(2)employer n. 雇主
employee n. 雇員；受雇者
employment n. 職業(yè)；工作；使用　
[佳句背誦] If I am lucky enough to be employed, I will spare no effort to repay you for your trust.
一旦有幸被雇用，我將盡最大的努力回報您的信任。
[聯(lián)想發(fā)散] “忙于做某事”的表達：
①employ_oneself_in_doing_sth.；
②be_employed_in_doing_sth.；
③be_busy_with_sth.；
④be_busy_doing_sth..
in sight　看得到，在視力范圍之內(nèi)
[基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)]——用sight的相關(guān)短語填空
①I caught_sight_of an empty seat at the back of the bus.
②Only a short-sighted man will lose_sight_of the importance of education.
③Seeing two policemen coming, the thief swiftly went out_of_sight．
④At_the_sight_of his mother, the little boy burst into tears.
⑤It was very quiet all around with nobody in_sight．
⑥I recognised the man at_first_sight because we had known each other for years.

at the sight of..．一看見……
at first sight 初看時，乍一看
out of sight 看不見
catch sight of 看見
lose sight of 看不見　
[佳句背誦] He said to himself that his hour was in sight and that it drove him to keep his eyes upon it.
他自言自語道，他的日子已屈指可數(shù)，他必須清醒地看到這一點。
reach out　伸出(手)，伸手拿
[基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)]——用reach的相關(guān)短語填空
①It saves time in the kitchen to have things you use a lot within_reach．
②When you need help，reach_out to the people who care about you.
[能力提升]——完成句子
③她伸出手，迅速拿走了那個盒子。
She_reached_out_her_hands_and_took_the_box_away_quickly.
④把玩具放到那個嬰兒可以拿得到的地方。
Put_the_toys_within_the_reach_of_that_baby.

(1)reach out one’s hand for sth. 伸手拿某物
(2)
within sb.’s reach＝within the reach of sb.
某人手夠得到的地方；在某人能力范圍之內(nèi)　
[佳句背誦] I could almost reach out and grab it right then and there.
我當場幾乎都能伸手把它抓住了。
watch out for　留心，密切注意
[基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)]——單句語法填空
①Will you watch over my clothes while I have a swim?
②Watch out for the dog while passing by that yard.
[能力提升]——完成句子
③警方正密切注意著那些人的活動。
The police are_keeping_a_close_watch_on the activities of those men.
④士兵們趕來守護這座城市并維持治安。
Soldiers arrived to_watch_over the city and maintain peace.
⑤你必須小心，這里到處是地雷。
You_have_to_watch_out because there are land mines all over the place.

(1)watch out 小心；提防
watch for 守候，等待
watch over 看守；監(jiān)視；照管
(2)on watch 值班，看守
keep a watch on 關(guān)注，密切注意　
[佳句背誦] Watch out for a tall man in black hat.
注意一個戴黑帽子的高個子男人。
[聯(lián)想發(fā)散] 表示“當心，留神”的短語還有：look_out_for,_take_care,_be_careful。

find＋賓語＋賓語補足語
(教材P3)Polly found herself staring up at the face of an old man with a beard.　波莉抬頭看去，發(fā)現(xiàn)是一位長著絡(luò)腮胡子的老人。
[基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)]——單句語法填空
①a.But when the police arrived, they found the door locked(lock) and all windows closed(close)．
b．(2019·天津卷)Yet, now that I’m growing and the world I once knew as being so simple is becoming more complex, I find myself needing(need) a way to escape.
②(2018·浙江卷6月)After wandering in the forest, we found ourselves lost (lose) in a strange path.
③(山東卷)The two girls are so alike that strangers find it difficult to_tell(tell) one from the other.
[能力提升]——句式升級
④(普通表達)He found that his son was surrounded by papers and he was looking very worried.
(高級表達)He_found_his_son_surrounded_by_papers_and_looking_very_worried.(find＋賓語＋賓補)

(1)find＋賓語＋
(2)find＋it＋adj./n.＋to do
發(fā)現(xiàn)/認為做某事……
　
[佳句背誦] She woke up and found herself in a hospital.
她醒過來，發(fā)現(xiàn)自己躺在一家醫(yī)院里。
[名師點津]
(1)與find用法相同的動詞還有：see, hear, watch, notice, have, make, keep等。
(2)記住句式結(jié)構(gòu)，分清賓語與賓語補足語之間的邏輯關(guān)系是關(guān)鍵。
倍數(shù)句型：...times＋adj./adv.比較級＋than...
(教材P18)Don’t be frightened by sharks: you are 30 times more likely to be hit by lightning than be attacked by a shark.　不要懼怕鯊魚，因為你被閃電擊中的概率可能是被鯊魚攻擊的30倍。
[基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)]——單句語法填空
①(江蘇卷)The electronic waste stream is increasing three times faster(fast) than traditional garbage as a whole.
②The new stadium being built for the 2022 Olympic Winter Games will be three times the height(high) of the present one.
[能力提升]——一句多譯
在建的體育館將是操場的三倍。
③The new stadium being built will be three_times_as_big_as the playground.
④The new stadium being built will be three_times_the_size_of the playground.
⑤The new stadium being built will be twice_bigger_than the playground.

30 times more...than...為倍數(shù)表達法之一。倍數(shù)表達法的常見結(jié)構(gòu)：
A＋be＋倍數(shù)＋as＋adj./adv.原級＋as B
A＋be＋倍數(shù)＋adj./adv.比較級＋than B
A＋be＋倍數(shù)＋the＋名詞(size/weight/length...)＋of B　
[佳句背誦] ①It’s said that the power plant is now twice as large as what it was.
據(jù)說該發(fā)電廠現(xiàn)在是以前的兩倍大。(安徽卷)
②He earns five times more money than he did ten years ago.
他現(xiàn)在掙的錢比十年前掙的多5倍。
[名師點津] 表示“兩倍”時用twice或double，三倍或三倍以上用“基數(shù)詞＋times”表達。此句型中倍數(shù)也可以用分數(shù)、百分數(shù)或half等其他程度狀語。

維度一　在空白處填入括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式
1．I observed him trying(try) to force the lock of the door open when I passed by, so I called the police.
2．By the time of tomorrow morning, I will_have_left(leave) the country.
3．With the final examination approaching(approach), we are busy going over what we’ve learned this term.
4．Having_been_ignored(ignore) for a long time, the boy sitting at the back felt bored and went out.
5．There are various kinds of jobs in the world，but different people are_attracted(attract) by different jobs because everyone has his own interest and destination.
維度二　在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~
1．The young man climbed the tree and picked all the pears within his reach.
2．Human biological rhythms are related to the natural cycle of day and night.
3．They saw he was in difficulty and came to his aid.
4．It’s fantastic to swim in the sea, but you have to watch out for sharks.
5．With the skin gone, to what can the hair attach itself?
維度三　語境品詞(寫出加黑詞匯在語境中的意義)
1．(2019·浙江卷6月)We should especially recognize our children’s efforts to push themselves and work hard to achieve a goal.認可，贊賞
2．Personally, we should attach great importance to the protection of some endangered animals.重視
3．I advise you to do what you like to keep calm, such as listening to music, doing sports and so on.鎮(zhèn)定的
4．Chinese people observe the Spring Festival in the same way that western people celebrate Christmas Day.慶祝
5．(2017·天津卷)I am employed in my lessons now for the College Entrance Examination, which is very important to me, is near.忙于
6．(2018·全國卷Ⅰ)Over the years, there have been a number of different techniques to help designers approach this important point.處理
維度四　易錯誤用(改正下列句子中的錯誤)
1．Don’t hesitate contacting me if you need any more information.contacting→to_contact
2．At the meeting they discussed three different approaches for the study of mathematics.for→to
3．Ann likes to keep people at the distance, so many people often think twice before they talk with her.the→a
4．It’s uncertain that the experiment is worth doing.that→whether
5．They stood there, glared at each other.glared→glaring或把逗號改為and
6．It recognized that listening to music is of great benefit.在It后加is
7．After several years’ hard work, her hands became roughly.roughly→rough
8．Blue suit you and you can wear it more often.suit→suits
維度五　完成句子
1．無論何時我找他幫忙，他都會毫不猶豫地幫助我，這讓我很感動。
Whenever I ask him for help，he doesn’t hesitate_to_help_me，which_moves_me_a_lot．
2．他的成功與好運無關(guān)。是多年的努力工作使他成為今天這個樣子。
His success has nothing to do with good luck.It’s_years_of_hard_work_that has made what he is today.
3．你檢查作業(yè)時一定留心拼寫錯誤。
Do watch_out_for spelling mistakes when you check your homework.
4．我們大家都應(yīng)該非常重視校車安全。
All of us should attach_great_importance_to_the_safety_of_school_buses．
5．如果你給我一些如何學(xué)好英語的建議我將感激不盡。
I would be very grateful_to_you_if_you_give_me_some_advice_on_how_to_learn_English_well．
6．很多調(diào)查和研究表明空氣污染導(dǎo)致癌癥的增加。
A lot of research and studies have shown that air pollution results_in_the_increase_of_cancers．

提能一　語段填空(短文中黑體部分為本單元核心知識點，請補全短文，并背誦體會黑體部分用法)
Lin Lin is a schoolgirl who takes new approaches to 1.employing(employ) herself in her lessons because she attaches importance 2.to the study. Once a schedule is made, by strictly 3.observing(observe) it, she can avoid putting off what should be done till tomorrow. But she is not good at maths. So she is 4.anxious(anxiety) about the coming exam.
Last night, Lin Lin had a very bad dream. In her dream, she 5.hesitated(hesitate) to write the answer to the 6.confusing(confuse) question and failed the maths exam. As 7.a result, her mother punished her by asking her to kneel down. What was 8.worse(bad), all her classmates laughed at her, saying, “Ha! Ha! How stupid you are！” It is very likely 9.that they will not agree to her studying methods.
How sad Lin Lin was feeling then! Suddenly she woke up. She felt 10.relieved(relief) that it was only a dream.
提能二　話題寫作(用本單元詞匯、句式和語法知識寫滿分作文)
1．補全要點句(黑體部分請用本單元所學(xué)詞匯)
①我們很重視我們的五種感覺，并充分利用它們來感知世界。
We attach_great_importance_to our five senses and make the most of them to sense the world.
②一旦喪失了其中的一種感覺，我們就會被看成是殘疾人。
Once we lose one of the senses, we will_be_recognized_as people with disability.
③我們或許會看不到周圍的任何東西，或許任何聲音都不能引起我們的注意。
We may not catch_sight_of_anything around us, or no sound can attract our attention.
④我們無論在什么地方，都要當心我們的感覺，減少受傷害的機會。
Wherever we are, we should_watch_out_for_our_senses and reduce the chance of being hurt.
⑤我們要毫不猶豫地伸出援手幫助需要幫助的人。
We should not hesitate to reach_out_to_help_people in need.
2．升級平淡句
⑥用省略結(jié)構(gòu)升級句②
Once_losing_one_of_the_senses,_we_will_be_recognized_as_people_with_disability.
3．銜接成美文(注意使用適當?shù)倪^渡銜接詞匯：so, in the meanwhile)
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
One possible version：
We attach great importance to our five senses and make the most of them to sense the world.Once losing one of the senses, we will be recognized as people with disability.We may not catch sight of anything around us, or no sound can attract our attention.So wherever we are, we should watch out for our senses and reduce the chance of being hurt.In the meanwhile, we should not hesitate to reach out to help people in need.

課時練1　2篇閱讀＋1篇完形
閱讀理解
A
(2020·皖南八校聯(lián)考)You try to keep your eyes wide open while watching a basketball match or a wonderful firework show in case you might miss something exciting in just the blink of an eye. But in fact, humans blink about 15 times per minute on average. Have you ever missed anything because you blinked? Probably not. Why is that?
According to a new study published in the journal Current Biology in September, our brain has the ability to skip the temporary darkness when we blink. It can keep visual information for a short period of time and then put it together to form an image without interruption.
In order to understand how this works, a group of scientists at the German Primate Center and the University Center Gottingen in Germany conducted an experiment. In the study, the participants were asked to look at patterns on a screen whose direction could be interpreted in different ways, such as horizontally(水平地) or vertically(垂直地). When one pattern was about to disappear and the next one was about to come, the participants had to indicate the direction that the next pattern would appear.
The researchers found that when the directions of two patterns didn’t match, the area in our brain which is responsible for visual memory was activated. This same area showed less activity when two patterns were in the same direction.
“The medial prefrontal cortex(額葉皮層) adjusts current visual information with previously obtained information, and thus enables us to perceive the world with more stability, even when we briefly close our eyes to blink，” Caspar Schwiedrzik explained in Science Daily. He is the first author of the study and also a scientist at the German Primate Center.
【解題導(dǎo)語】　本文是一篇說明文。研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，眨眼并不會錯過細節(jié)并解釋了其原因。
1．We don’t miss anything when blinking because our brain can ________．
A．deal with the missing image
B．remember all that we see
C．imagine what our eyes miss
D．put our pieces of memory together
A　解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段第一句“According to a new study published in the journal Current Biology in September, our brain has the ability to skip the temporary darkness when we blink.” 可知，根據(jù)九月份發(fā)表在《當代生物學(xué)》雜志上的一項新研究，我們的大腦有能力跳過我們眨眼時形成的暫時黑暗。據(jù)此可推知，由于我們的大腦能處理丟失的圖像，所以眨眼不會讓我們錯過任何東西，故A項正確。
2．What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 2 refer to?
A．Our brain． B．Visual information.
C．Current Biology. D．The temporary darkness.
B　解析：代詞指代題。根據(jù)第二段第二句“It can keep visual information for a short period of time and then put it together to form an image without interruption.”可知，大腦可以在短時間內(nèi)保存視覺信息，然后將其組合在一起形成不中斷的圖像，故可推知，it指代上文中的“visual information”，故B項正確。
3．What do we know about the experiment?
A．The two patterns appear at the same time.
B．Visual memory can be more activated by similarity.
C．Participants can interpret patterns differently.
D．The different directions activated visual memory.
D　解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中的“when the directions of two patterns didn’t match, the area in our brain which is responsible for visual memory was activated. This same area showed less activity when two patterns were in the same direction.”可知，當兩個模式的方向不一致時，掌握視覺記憶的大腦區(qū)域則被激活；當兩種模式在同一方向時，這個區(qū)域則顯示出較少的活動。據(jù)此可知，不同的方向能激活視覺記憶，故D項正確。
4．What would be the best title for this passage?
A．The Brain’s Structure
B．The Brain’s Activated Patterns
C．The Brain’s Special Skill
D．The Brain’s Orientation
C　解析：標題歸納題。通讀全文可知，本文主要介紹了一項科學(xué)研究。研究表明，眨眼不會錯過細節(jié)并解釋了其原因，即大腦有能力在短時間內(nèi)保存視覺信息，然后將其組合在一起形成不中斷的圖像信息。故C項最適合作本文的標題。
B
(2020·濟南高三質(zhì)檢)There are only a few truly pleasant smells to wake up to in the morning. For me, it’s the smell of freshly brewed coffee. Just a sniff of it makes me jump out of bed and rush to the kitchen for a gulp of the hot black liquid.
If you’re a big fan of coffee, you’ll understand that opening a new packet of coffee releases an amazing smell—fresh, roasted coffee beans. And you’ll be able to identify the beans’ origin—Colombia, Vietnam or Brazil. Tim Hayward is a food writer and coffee shop owner; he believes the smell is absolutely vital. “When you walk into the coffee shop in the morning and that smell hits you, you’re getting physiological responses.”
I know from experience when I walk into a cafe, my mouth begins to water and it’s the smell that makes me feel good. However, this feeling sometimes turns to disappointment. This is particularly the case when I order a coffee to go in a tall paper cup and sip the liquid through a hole in the lid. Yes, it’s convenient, but is it really the right way to appreciate it?
You walk into the coffee shop, you get the smell, but when you actually take the drink out, you are drinking it from something that is designed to deliver the hot liquid directly past your tongue, but prevent any smell coming up to your nose. As well as eliminating the smell, takeaway coffee cups create a lot of waste and a vast majority of them still don’t get recycled. So maybe now is the time to really wake up and smell the coffee by drinking from a cup in a cafe, chatting with friends and saving the planet!
【解題導(dǎo)語】　咖啡的味道令作者著迷，但是紙杯裝的咖啡，其味道被阻隔了，無法讓人感覺到咖啡真正的味道，并且紙杯還帶來污染。
5．In which aspect does the author agree with Tim Hayward?
A．People drink coffee first thing in the morning.
B．Coffee beans’ origin makes all the differences.
C．Some people are addicted to drinking coffee.
D．It’s the smell of coffee that really matters.
D　解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段第二句“For me, it’s the smell of freshly brewed coffee.”以及第二段第三句中的“he believes the smell is absolutely vital”可知，兩人都認為咖啡的味道非常重要。故選D。
6．What does the author complain about?
A．The process of making coffee.
B．The high temperature of coffee.
C．The design of the paper coffee cup.
D．The inconvenience of buying coffee.
C　解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段最后一句和第四段第一句中的“you are drinking it from something that is designed to deliver the hot liquid directly past your tongue, but prevent any smell coming up to your nose”可知，紙杯的設(shè)計令作者不滿。故選C。
7．What can replace the word “eliminating” underlined in Paragraph 4?
A．Creating.　 B．Removing.
C．Increasing. D．Changing.
B　解析：詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第四段第一句中的“prevent any smell coming up to your nose”并結(jié)合畫線詞所在句可推知，該詞的含義與“prevent”含義相近，故選B。
8．What can be the best title of the text?
A．Wake Up and Smell the Coffee
B．Try to Be a Real Lover of Coffee
C．Drink Coffee to Save the Planet
D．Choose Takeaway Coffee for Convenience
A　解析：標題歸納題。根據(jù)第一段第二句“For me, it’s the smell of freshly brewed coffee.”并結(jié)合文章其他內(nèi)容可知，全文圍繞咖啡的味道展開敘述，主要講述了作者對咖啡味道的喜愛，并表述了打包帶走的紙杯裝咖啡的壞處，并因此建議不如在咖啡館內(nèi)坐下來，細細品味咖啡，故A項最適合作本文標題。
完形填空
(2020·沈陽教學(xué)質(zhì)量監(jiān)測)Jayce began noticing when he was in kindergarten that he looked different from his classmates. They had two arms. He had one.
It started when one boy __1__him, said his mother, Lewis. He’d return to his home with questions：“Why am I __2__？ Why me？” His mother recalled he was actually sad and that it was a heavy __3__ to his heart.
Lewis __4__ she didn’t know what to do at that point. A few weeks later, Lewis turned on the TV and saw a news story about an eighth grader, Trashaun, becoming an Internet hit after __5__ videos of his slam dunks(灌籃), and, like Jayce, he __6__ most of his left arm. Lewis called Jayce in. To her surprise, Jayce was immediately __7__. At the time, it seemed that watching Trashaun was __8__ an inspiring moment for Jayce—he saw a role model with a similar __9__. If it had stayed just that, Lewis would have been happy enough. But little did she know that a family friend had already __10__ to the newspaper to help set up a __11__ with Trashaun to build Jayce’s confidence.
The boys met and instantly __12__ with each other as both of them were in the same condition. They rode bikes, took photos, and played basketball on the court. Instead of spending the whole day feeling __13__ for themselves, they had a lot of fun. However, Trashaun did get __14__ with Jayce sometimes. They talked about his left arm. He told Jayce he was perfect the way he was made. He also told him not to let anyone __15__ him and not to let those words shake his __16__．
Since that meeting, Lewis has seen a noticeable __17__ in her son. As for Trashaun, his relationship with Jayce made him __18__ to help more kids. “Honestly, it __19__ a lot to know that I changed Jayce’s life，” Trashaun says. Still, he never dreamed that his __20__ would have such an impact. “I just thought my friends would see them, and be like, ‘Oh, he dunked it！’”
He certainly did.
【解題導(dǎo)語】　本文是一篇記敘文，主要講述了Trashaun幫助Jayce重拾信心的故事。
1．A.supported　 B．teased
C．cheated D．pleased
B　解析：根據(jù)第一段可知，Jayce在幼兒園時注意到自己和同班同學(xué)不一樣，因為他只有一只胳膊，結(jié)合下文中的“he was actually sad and that it was a heavy ______ to his heart”可推知，此處是說Jayce因為缺少一只胳膊而被一個男孩嘲笑(teased)，故選B。
2．A.lonely B．silly
C．different D．ordinary
C　解析：根據(jù)語境可知，Jayce不明白自己為什么與別人不同(different)，故選C。
3．A.duty B．breath
C．debt D．blow
D　解析：根據(jù)上文Jayce被嘲笑并結(jié)合語境可推知，缺少一只胳膊不僅讓Jayce很難過，而且這對其心靈是一個沉重的打擊(blow)，故選D。
4．A.argued B．promised
C．suspected D．a(chǎn)dmitted
D　解析：根據(jù)語境可推知，當時Lewis承認(admitted)她并不知道應(yīng)該做些什么(來幫助她的兒子)，故選D。
5．A.downloading B．posting
C．buying D．watching
B　解析：根據(jù)語境可知，Trashaun把他自己的灌籃視頻發(fā)布(posting)到網(wǎng)上后走紅，故選B。
6．A.lost B．hurt
C．used D．recovered
A　解析：根據(jù)該句中的“l(fā)ike Jayce”和“most of his left arm”，并結(jié)合上文Jayce少了一只胳膊可推知，Trashaun的境況和Jayce一樣，他失去(lost)了大部分左胳膊，故選A。
7．A.satisfied B．confused
C．bored D．a(chǎn)ttracted
D　解析：根據(jù)下文中的“At the time, it seemed that watching Trashaun was ________ an inspiring moment for Jayce”可推知，Jayce立刻被Trashaun的故事吸引(attracted)了，故選D。
8．A.hardly B．simply
C．still D．never
B　解析：根據(jù)下文中的“If it had stayed just that, Lewis would have been happy enough.”可推知，當時看Trashaun的視頻對Jayce來說只是(simply)一個鼓舞人心的時刻，故選B。
9．A.response B．family
C．problem D．education
C　解析：根據(jù)語境可推知，Jayce缺少一只胳膊，Trashaun失去了大部分左胳膊，故此處指他們兩個有類似的問題(problem)，故選C。
10．A.reached out B．looked out
C．got out D．turned out
A　解析：根據(jù)語境可推知，Lewis的一位朋友已經(jīng)聯(lián)系(reached out)了報社來幫助安排Jayce和Trashaun的會面(meeting)，從而增強Jayce的自信心，故選A。
11．A.game B．fighting
C．trap D．meeting
D　解析：參見上題解析。
12．A.bonded B．competed
C．parted D．raced
A　解析：根據(jù)下文中的“They rode bikes, took photos, and played basketball on the court.”可推知，兩個男孩擁有相同的境況，很快建立了互信關(guān)系。bond with sb.“建立(與某人的)互信關(guān)系”，為固定搭配，故選A。
13．A.happy B．grateful
C．sorry D．fearful
C　解析：根據(jù)語境“Instead of”可推知，此處與下文的“fun”形成對比，故選C。
14．A.angry B．serious
C．tough D．familiar
B　解析：根據(jù)空前的“However”與下文中的“They talked about his left arm.”可推知，Trashaun有時也會和Jayce有嚴肅的(serious)時刻，他們會談?wù)撍淖蟾觳?，故選B。
15．A.approach B．comfort
C．discourage D．leave
C　解析：根據(jù)語境可推知，此處是Trashaun在鼓勵Jayce，告訴他不要讓任何人使他氣餒(discourage)，也不要讓其他人的話動搖他的信心(confidence)，故選C。
16．A.confidence B．patience
C．sadness D．honesty
A　解析：參見上題解析。
17．A.advantage B．scar
C．drawback D．change
D　解析：根據(jù)下文中的“‘Honestly, it ______ a lot to know that I changed Jayce’s life，’ Trashaun says.”可推知，自從那次會面后，Jayce發(fā)生了顯著的變化(change)，故選D。
18．A.expect B．a(chǎn)gree
C．hesitate D．refuse
A　解析：根據(jù)下文中的“‘Honestly, it ______ a lot to know that I changed Jayce’s life，’ Trashaun says.”可推知，通過和Jayce的交往，Trashaun了解到自己改變了Jayce，這讓他期望(expect)能夠幫助更多的孩子，故選A。
19．A.cares B．means
C．saves D．takes
B　解析：結(jié)合上題解析可推知，了解到自己改變了Jayce對Trashaun來講意義(means)重大，故選B。
20．A.attitudes B．words
C．videos D．disabilities
C　解析：根據(jù)下文中的“I just thought my friends would see them, and be like, ‘Oh, he dunked it！’”可推知，此處指的是Trashaun之前上傳到網(wǎng)上的視頻(videos)，故選C。
課時練2　2篇閱讀＋1篇七選五
＋1篇語法填空
閱讀理解
A
(2020·安徽聯(lián)盟階段考試)
When I was three years old, I couldn’t speak. It was a strange reality that none of the doctors I visited could understand.

One day, I was shadowing(尾隨) my mother. She found herself looking in a mirror, and through it our eyes met. She began to speak to me through the reflection, and I slowly began to mimic(模仿) her mouth’s movements until I formed a word.
It turned out that I’m deaf in my left ear, and have a slight problem in my right. Being hard of hearing has been difficult, but I’ve never lived in a state of self-hating sorrow. Imagine being able to shut out all sound as you lay your head down to sleep by simply rolling over onto one side. That’s my reality when I sleep on my “good ear”， and it makes me feel like a superhero sometimes.
People call my deaf side my “bad ear”， but when I wear my hearing aid, I have access to a range of features that some other deaf people don’t. In cinemas, for example, with one click of a button I can enjoy a whole film as though it were whispered to me from the mouths of the actors.
Owning a hearing aid hasn’t always felt good, however. On the first day I got my aid, when I was eight, I took it to school for show and tell. As I explained how it worked to my classmates, a boy yelled out, “Aren’t those for old men？” At that moment, I felt different. It took a long time for me to get over that sense of being so unlike my peers.
But it’s not just schoolkids who can make us deaf and hard-of-hearing people feel like burdens. Every video on social media that lacks subtitles(字幕), for example, means an entire community of deaf people is unable to enjoy it. Completely deaf people are excluded from enjoying many movies too, as subtitles in cinemas are almost impossible to find.
And with hearing aids costing around $2，500 each, it can be hard for many people to afford to be able to listen to things that others take for granted. As for me, I can listen to music, enjoy films, and catch conversations—I’m lucky. I’m deaf, but I can still hear everything. I’ve been blessed with wonderful life experiences, and I am human. And when it comes to sleeping, I’m even superhuman.
【解題導(dǎo)語】　本文主要講述了作者積極應(yīng)對自己聽力障礙的勵志故事。
1．How does the author view his hearing difficulty?
A．It’s a disaster and causes him a lot of trouble.
B．It gave him a chance to experience something special.
C．It made him feel embarrassed in front of his classmates.
D．It helped him to live in his own world without being interrupted.
B　解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)對第三段的整體理解，尤其是最后一句“That’s my reality when I sleep on my ‘good ear’， and it makes me feel like a superhero sometimes.”可推知，聽力障礙讓作者有了與眾不同的體驗，與最后一段倒數(shù)第二句“I’ve been blessed with wonderful life experiences, and I am human.”呼應(yīng)，故選B。
2．What can be inferred from the passage about the author?
A．He was born deaf.
B．He is optimistic and helpful.
C．His family and classmates have supported him a lot.
D．The hearing aid brings much convenience to his daily life.
D　解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段第一句“People call my deaf side my ‘bad ear’， but when I wear my hearing aid, I have access to a range of features that some other deaf people don’t.”和對本段的整體理解可推知，助聽器給作者的生活帶來了諸多便利，故選D。
3．What is the author’s attitude towards his life?
A．Grateful. B．Anxious.
C．Excited. D．Disappointed.
A　解析：觀點態(tài)度題。根據(jù)最后一段第二句“As for me, I can listen to music, enjoy films, and catch conversations—I’m lucky.” 和第四句“I’ve been blessed with wonderful life experiences, and I am human.”可推知，作者對自己的生活充滿感激之情，故選A。
4．What is the author’s main purpose in writing the passage?
A．To give advice on life to disabled people.
B．To show how difficult life is for disabled people.
C．To share his experience of treating a disadvantage with gratitude.
D．To show the convenience a hearing aid could bring.
C　解析：寫作意圖題。根據(jù)對全文的整體理解可知，本文主要講述了作者積極應(yīng)對聽力障礙的勵志故事，故選C。
B

(2020·遼寧五校聯(lián)考)In a long-sleeved shirt and jeans, Dieudonne Twahirwa looks nothing like the traditional African farmer. The 30-year-old owner of Gashora Farm knows what a difference that makes.
“You need more role models，” he said, standing among knee-high rows of chilli(辣椒) plants. “If you have young farmers, having land and driving to the farm, others may think, ‘Why can’t I do that？’”
Mr. Twahirwa, a university graduate, bought a friend’s tomato farm six years ago for $150. He made $1，500 back in two months. “You have to link farming with entrepreneurship and real numbers，” he said.
Many young Africans are abandoning areas in the countryside, choosing not to work hard and for a long time in the fields—a job made tougher by climate change.
But Twahirwa is one of the growing band of successful farmers working to make agriculture’s image on the continent more attractive. Some 1，000 farmers now produce chillies for him. He is starting a fourth farm of his own, and exports fresh and dried chillies and oil to Britain, the United States, India, and Kenya.
Africa has the world’s youngest population and 65 percent of its uncultivated arable land(耕地后備資源). Yet accessing land and loans is difficult, and African productivity is low with crop yields just 56 percent of the international average.
“Agriculture is mainly associated with suffering and no young person wants to suffer，” said Tamara Kaunda. She believes African agriculture needs a change to get rid of its old-fashioned image of very hard and tiring work with a hoe. “Show young people tractors, green fields, nice irrigation systems and smartphones，” she said.
Getting young people involved in agriculture does not mean they have to work on a farm. For example, in coffee production, the beans go from the farm to the washing station, then to be separated from the husks(外殼)．
【解題導(dǎo)語】　非洲青年Dieudonne Twahirwa從事農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)，他通過自己的努力，獲得了巨大的回報；非洲有世界上最年輕的人群與大量的耕地后備資源，但是由于氣候與農(nóng)業(yè)技術(shù)的落后，很多年輕人都不愿意從事農(nóng)業(yè)；Dieudonne Twahirwa則為非洲青年樹立了榜樣。
5．What does “Why can’t I do that？” in paragraph 2 mean?
A．Why can’t I drive to the farm?
B．Why can’t they farm?
C．They follow the example of those farmers.
D．They bought a friend’s tomato farm.
C　解析：句意理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“If you have young farmers, having land and driving to the farm, others may think, ‘Why can’t I do that？’”可知，此處表示如果你有年輕的農(nóng)民，他們有土地，而且開車去農(nóng)場，其他人可能會想：“為什么我不能那樣做？”該句意在表明其他人認為他們可以效仿那些農(nóng)民的做法。故選C。
6．What makes it harder for farmers to work?
A．Poor land. B．Climate change.
C．Low income. D．Long working hours.
B　解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“Many young Africans are abandoning areas in the countryside...a job made tougher by climate change.”可知，在非洲，讓農(nóng)民的勞動難度更大的原因是氣候變化。故選B。
7．What can we learn about Twahirwa according to paragraph 5?
A．He made a fortune by growing chillies.
B．His chillies are superb in the world.
C．Farmers working for him live a simple life.
D．The locals aren’t willing to buy his chillies.
A　解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段中的“Some 1，000 farmers now produce chillies for him. He is starting a fourth farm of his own”可推知，Twahirwa通過種植紅辣椒賺了很多錢。故選A。
8．When it comes to agriculture in Africa, what do people think about it?
A．Loans are difficult.
B．Most land is uncultivated.
C．Crop yields are rather low.
D．Farming methods are out of date.
D　解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第七段中的“African agriculture needs a change to get rid of its old-fashioned image of very hard and tiring work with a hoe”可知，非洲農(nóng)業(yè)需要改變，以擺脫其傳統(tǒng)的形象：使用鋤頭的非常辛苦和累人的工作。由此可知，當談及非洲的農(nóng)業(yè)時，人們想到的是落后的耕作方法。故選D。A、B、C三項均為非洲農(nóng)業(yè)的實際情況，不是人們對其的看法。
七選五
(2020·沈陽教學(xué)質(zhì)量監(jiān)測一)Whoever wrote the song “It’s the Most Wonderful Time of the Year” must have never experienced the holiday blues. Fortunately, psychological research suggests some effective ways you can use to beat the holiday blues. The key point is that sadness and other tough emotions are not what we should try to avoid. 1.________. Here are four strategies to help you make your own happiness recipe this holiday season.
Don’t force cheer
At family gatherings with cousins you secretly can’t stand, you tend to put on a happy face. Indeed, that might even seem like the most mature response—no drama, no conflict. But a 2011 study followed dozens of bus drivers, looking to see when they gave forced or honest smiles at their passengers. The results showed when the drivers pretended to have a good mood, their actual moods got worse. 2.________．
Let out sadness
The results of the bus-driver study can be explained by researchers, who find that negative feelings like sadness or anger only increase when we try to control them. 3.________. We don’t like contradictory behavior.
Respond cautiously
Recently, scientists have been paying special attention to the benefits of caution. When you respond cautiously to an emotional trigger, you pause rather than react at once. 4.________. Besides, it is associated with less anxiety, and may even carry physiological benefits.
5．________
Of course, the holidays will bring a mix of highs and lows, but the most important lesson to keep in mind is that this variety of emotions might be the best thing possible for your overall well-being. In other words, sadness, anger, and other difficult emotions are nothing to fear. Just make sure you’re balancing them with lighter experiences. And don’t forget to give yourself a break.
A．Relax your mind
B．Enjoy a mix of emotions
C．We tend to deny the important function emotions serve
D．Instead, they can help contribute to a healthy and happy life
E．So trying to force happiness seems to have the opposite effects
F．A cautious response to a negative event reduces sadness we experience
G．We feel bad when our appearance contradicts how we truly feel inside
【解題導(dǎo)語】　本文是一篇說明文，主要介紹了緩解假期憂郁的四種策略。
1．D　解析：承接上文“The key point is that sadness and other tough emotions are not what we should try to avoid.”可知，負面情緒不是我們應(yīng)該試圖避免的，且與下文中的“Here are four strategies to help you make your own happiness recipe this holiday season.”銜接，并結(jié)合下文介紹的策略可推知，此處表示負面情緒反而有助于健康、快樂地生活，故選D。
2．E　解析：結(jié)合本段小標題Don’t force cheer和對本段的整體理解可推知，強顏歡笑會適得其反，故選E。
3．G　解析：根據(jù)上文中的“negative feelings like sadness or anger only increase when we try to control them”和下文中的“We don’t like contradictory behavior.”可推知，此處表示當我們的外表和內(nèi)心的情感不一致時我們會感覺很糟糕，故選G。
4．F　解析：根據(jù)本段小標題Respond cautiously以及空前一句中的“When you respond cautiously”和空后一句“Besides, it is associated with less anxiety, and may even carry physiological benefits.”可推知，F(xiàn)項符合語境，其中的“cautious response”也是提示。
5．B　解析：根據(jù)空處所在位置可知，空處是段落小標題；根據(jù)對本段的整體理解可推知，本段主要講的是享受混合情緒，故選B。
語法填空
(2020·惠州第二次調(diào)研)One habit of those people who are smarter than everyone else is to stay up late. In movies, the creative genius always works late into the midnight hours by candlelight—and perhaps this style 1.____________(root) in fact.
A study 2.____________ experts from the London School of Economics and Political Science found that people who tend to go to bed later have 3.____________(high) IQs. 4.____________ study authors believe the root of why this is lies in our evolution—because nighttime was a more dangerous time, and our ancestors who were to stay up instead of going to sleep 5.____________(need) to be more intelligent. Also, 6.____________(stay) awake into the night was a new idea 7.____________ was attractive to curious minds.
Today, our varying living rhythms may still reflect this. “Perhaps some smart people stay up later because their internal clocks are 8.____________(simple) different，” Dr. Wai says. “Or, perhaps they stay up later because they tend to be alone, and like being up late at night without distractions to think and solve their 9.____________(problem)．” But if you are a night owl, still remember 10.____________(get) your seven to nine hours of sleep.
【解題導(dǎo)語】　研究表明，有熬夜習(xí)慣的人有更高的智商。
1．is rooted　解析：考查固定用法。根據(jù)語境可知，這種電影的情節(jié)可能來源于真實情況。be rooted in sth.“起源于某事物”是固定用法，且此處敘述的是一般情況，應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時，故填is rooted。
2．by　解析：考查介詞。根據(jù)語境可知，此處是說一項由專家所作的研究，故填by。
3．higher　解析：考查形容詞比較級。根據(jù)上下文及空前的“go to bed later”可知，這里是說睡覺更晚的人有更高的智商，故此處用high的比較級higher。
4．The　解析：考查冠詞。這里特指上文提到的研究的作者們，故用定冠詞The。
5．needed　解析：考查動詞的時態(tài)。根據(jù)語境可知，此處敘述的是發(fā)生在過去的事情，應(yīng)用一般過去時，故填needed。
6．staying　解析：考查動名詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處為動名詞短語作主語。
7．that/which　解析：考查定語從句。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處引導(dǎo)定語從句，修飾先行詞a new idea，在從句中作主語，故填that/which。
8．simply　解析：考查副詞。修飾形容詞應(yīng)用副詞，故用simple的副詞形式simply修飾其后的形容詞different。
9．problems　解析：考查名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)。根據(jù)句意“也許他們熬夜是因為他們傾向于獨處，并且喜歡深夜全神貫注地來思考和解決問題”，且problem為可數(shù)名詞可知，此處應(yīng)用problem的復(fù)數(shù)形式，故填problems。
10．to get　解析：考查非謂語動詞。remember to do sth.“記得去做某事”為固定用法，故填to get。