2021版高考英語（外研版）一輪復習教師用書：必修44Module4　GreatScientists-教案下載-教習網

一、語基必備知識
(一)重點詞匯——分類記憶
Ⅰ.閱讀詞匯——在不認識的詞匯前劃√
nickname n．　　　　　　　 species n.
original adj. best-seller n.
diagnose vt. victim n.
brilliant adj. career n.
brief adj. partly adv.
physical adj. relativity n.
rocket n. arrow n.
straight adj.
Ⅱ.核心詞匯——寫其形
1．leading adj.　　　　　　　主要的
2．figure n. 人物
3．publish vt. 出版
4．breakthrough n. 突破
5．support vt. 支持
6．replace vt. 取代；以……代替
7．escape vi. 逃跑；逃避
8．clear vi. (煙霧)消散
Ⅲ.拓展詞匯——通其變
1．educate vt.教育→education n．教育→educator n．教育工作者；教師
2．agriculture n．農業(yè)→agricultural adj.農業(yè)的
3．produce v．生產→production n．產量→producer n．生產者
4．export vt.出口→import vt.進口(反義詞)
5．graduate vi.畢業(yè) n．畢業(yè)生→graduation n．畢業(yè)
6．personal adj.個人的→personally adv.就自己而言→personality n．性格；個性；人格
7．explode vi.爆炸→explosion n．爆炸；爆炸聲

1.-s結尾的單復數同形名詞
①works　　　　　工廠
②series　　　系列
③means　　方法
④crossroads 十字路口
⑤remains 剩余物
⑥species (生物)物種
2.合成名詞“v.＋adv.”大觀園
①breakthrough　　突破
②breakdown 故障；破損
③breakup 破裂；瓦解
④takeaway 外賣食物
⑤warm-up 熱身運動
⑥get-together 聚會
3.“經濟生活”常用到
①export　　　出口
②import　　進口
③invest 投資
④bid 出價；投標
⑤distribute 分配；分布
⑥discount 打折
(二)重點短語——記牢用活
1．bring__up　　　　　　　　　培養(yǎng)；養(yǎng)育
2．the__key__to__(doing)__sth. (做)某事的關鍵
3.__as__a__result__of 由于……的結果
4．be__known__for 因……而出名/聞名
5．earn__one’s__living 謀生
6．come__to__power 掌權
7．bring__in 引進；帶來
8．carry__out 實施；履行；完成(任務)

1.由the key to想到的
①the approach to　 ……的方法
②the access to ……的通道
③the answer to ……的答案
④the notes to ……的注釋
⑤the entrance to ……的入口
2.carry相關短語多棱鏡
①carry out　　實施；履行；完成(任務)
②carry on 繼續(xù)；維持
③carry through 貫徹到底；成功完成
④carry away 拿走；運走
⑤carry back 帶回；使回想起
3.“be known＋prep.”短語小結
①be known for　因……而出名/聞名
②be known as 作為……而出名
③be known to 為……熟知
④be known by 被……所知
(三)重點句式——背熟巧用
句型公式
教材原句
句型1：keep＋賓語＋賓語補足語
The tubes were attached to a long stick which helped keep__the__rocket__moving in a straight direction.
這些管子被綁在一根長棍上，這根長棍能使火箭沿直線移動。
句型2：現在分詞短語作結果狀語
Or was he carried miles into space, becoming__the__world’s__first__astronaut？
或者他被帶到了太空中數英里的地方，成為世界上第一個宇航員？
二、語境強化訓練
Ⅰ.語境填詞——根據提示寫出該詞的適當形式
A．根據漢語提示寫出下列單詞
1．Surgeons have made a great breakthrough(突破) in the kidney transplant.
2．To improve the quality(質量) of our products, we asked for suggestions whoever had used the products.
3．Most of the flood victims(受害者) had to leave all their things behind.
4．We have to deal with the emotional and physical(身體的) problems that go along with obesity.
5．Tell the story briefly(簡短地) and then explain why you do or do not enjoy it.
B．根據所給單詞寫出適當形式
6．His first novel published(publish) last year is popular with many young readers.
7．Just then a white-haired old woman entered, supported(support) by a girl of ten years old.
8．We had to wait on the freeway until the thick fog cleared(clear) at last.
9．Confucius was one of the great figures(figure) in the history of China.
10．The house I grew up in has been taken down and__replaced(replace) by an office building.
Ⅱ.語境品詞——寫出加黑詞匯在語境中的意義
1．(2019·江蘇卷) The bone structure of our ancestors developed for millions of years to support a creature that walked on all fours and had a relatively small head.支撐
2．(2019·全國卷Ⅱ)A lunchtime escape allows her to keep a boss from tapping her on the shoulder.解脫；消遣
Ⅲ.選詞成篇
bring up; experiment with; bring in; as a result of; earn one’s living
Wang Gang was born and 1.brought__up in a remote mountain village, where people mainly 2.earned__their__living by farming. 3.As__a__result__of lacking advanced farming technique, they lived a hard life. After new farming technique was 4.brought__in,__their life was getting better and better.
the key to; carry out; be known for; be diagnosed with; come to/into power
Mrs.Green 5.was__diagnosed__with breast cancer, and went to a doctor who 6.was__known__for treating cancers. The doctor 7.carried__out a series of treatments on her, and told her that 8.the__key__to recovering rapidly is to have a relaxed mind. Following the doctor’s advice, she gradually picked up.
Ⅳ.完成語段
It is reported that the newly-built bridge will be put into use soon. Hopefully, it can 1.keep__the__traffic__flowing__smoothly(保持交通暢通). Many people become interested in the bridge, 2.making__it__a__hot__topic(使它成為一個熱點話題)．

support　vt.支持；支撐；維持；供養(yǎng)　n．[U]支持；擁護；供養(yǎng)
[基礎練習]——單句語法填空
①(2018·天津卷)Supported(support) by you, we can surely win in the robotic competition.
②a.What moves me is that my parents always support me in what I want to do.
b．Whenever I disagree with my brother, my father comes to my support.
[能力提升]——完成句子
③科學家必須提出論據以支持其理論。
A scientist must produce evidence in__support__of his theory.
④在朋友的支持下，他找到了一份新工作。這份工作使他能夠掙更多的錢來養(yǎng)活他的家人。
With__his__friend’s__support,__he found a new job, one where he could get more money to support__his__family．

(1)support sb.in sth.　　　在某方面支持某人
(2)come to one’s support 來支持某人
in support of... 支持……　
[佳句背誦] Tom is so independent that he never asks his parents’ opinion unless he wants their support.
湯姆如此獨立以至于他從來都不問父母的意見，除非他想得到他們的支持。(2019·天津卷)
[詞塊助記]
support a family　　　養(yǎng)家糊口
support oneself 自力更生
technical support 技術支持
quantity　n．量；數量
[基礎練習]——單句語法填空
①a.With more and more forests cut down, large quantities of soil are__being__washed(wash) away now.
b．With more and more forests cut down, a large quantity of soil is__being__washed(wash) away now.
②We can offer you a better price if you can buy it in quantity.
[能力提升]——詞匯升級
③(普通表達)Before the exam, I spent a lot of time in preparing for it. Otherwise, I wouldn’t have succeeded in passing the exam.
(高級表達)Before the exam, I spent a__large__quantity__of/a__great__deal__of time in preparing for it. Otherwise, I wouldn’t have succeeded in passing the exam.

a large/small quantity of　　　大量/少量的
large quantities of 大量的；許多的
in quantity 大量地　
[佳句背誦] Experts say that the quality of praise is more important than the quantity.　專家說，表揚的質量比數量更重要。(2019·浙江卷6月)
[名師點津]
(1)a quantity of或quantities of后既可接可數名詞也可接不可數名詞。
(2)“a quantity of＋名詞”作主語時，謂語動詞與名詞保持數的一致；而“quantities of＋名詞”作主語時，謂語動詞用復數。
escape　v．逃跑；逃脫；逃避；被忘記　n．逃跑；解脫，消遣
[基礎練習]——單句語法填空
①Whoever breaks the law won’t escape punishment/being__punished(punish)．
②He ever had a narrow escape from the adventurous sport, so he doesn’t dare to try it again.
[能力提升]——完成句子/句式升級
③(普通表達)The woman managed__to__escape__from__the__fire(成功逃出火場) with her baby. She was extremely terrified and exhausted.
④(高級表達)The woman managed__to__escape__from__the__fire__with__her__baby,__extremely__terrified__and__exhausted. (形容詞作狀語)

(1)escape (doing) sth.　　逃脫(做)某事
escape from/out of... 從……逃跑，逃走
(2)have a narrow escape 九死一生　
[佳句背誦] With the greatest of luck he managed to escape from the rising flood waters.
非常幸運，他設法從快速上漲的洪水中逃脫。
[詞塊助記]
escape one’s attention/notice
逃過某人的注意/被某人忽視
a fire escape 安全門
clear　vt.使清楚；掃清　vi.變清澈；(天)變晴；(煙霧)消散　adj.清澈的；晴朗的；清晰的；暢通的
[基礎練習]——單句語法填空
①(福建卷)Mrs.Smith finds it hard to clear up the mess, as her children are always in the way whenever she tries to.
②a.(江蘇卷)It was never clear why the man hadn’t reported the accident sooner.
b．He didn’t make it clear when and where the meeting would be held.
[能力提升]——完成句子
③顯然，手機在青少年中變得流行并且改變了他們的生活方式。
It__is__clear__that__mobile__phones__have__become__popular__among__teenagers__and__changed__their__way__of__life.

(1) clear up　　　　整理，收拾；消除(誤會等)；(天)放晴
(2)make...clear 清楚表明，講清楚
It is clear that... 顯然……　
[佳句背誦] When you finish your dinner, please clear the table.　吃完晚飯后，請你將餐桌收拾一下。
[詞塊助記]
keep a clear head/mind　　　保持清醒的頭腦
have a clear purpose/goal 有明確的目標
clear up a difficulty/misunderstanding
解決困難/消除誤會
come to/into power　開始執(zhí)政，掌權，上臺
[基礎練習]——單句語法填空
①a.After the new president came to/into power, he took a series of measures to improve people’s life.
b．The government has been in power for twenty years, and is still going strong.
c．Not that I don’t want to help you, but that it’s beyond my power to do so.
②(2019·江蘇卷) We assume that a large brain makes huge advantages. It seems obvious that these have made humankind the most powerful(power) animal on earth.
[能力提升]——詞匯升級/句式升級
(普通表達)I’ll try my best to perform well in the volunteer job. (2018·浙江卷6月)
③(高級表達) I’ll do__all/everything__in__my__power to perform well in the volunteer job.
④(高級表達) I’ll do__what__I__can to perform well in the volunteer job. (what引導賓語從句)

(1)in power　　　　　　　當權
in/within one’s power 有能力；力所能及
beyond one’s power 某人力所不能及的
do everything in one’s power (to do)
盡力而為；竭盡全力
(2)powerful adj. 強大的；權力大的　
[佳句背誦] He came to/into power when he was 25 years old and has been in power for 60 years so far.
他25歲時開始上臺執(zhí)政，到現在已經執(zhí)政60年了。
[名師點津]
“come into＋名詞”構成的短語還有：
①come into being　　　　　　　形成，產生
②come into existence 開始存在，產生
③come into effect/force 生效
④come into use 開始使用
⑤come into sight/view 看見；進入視野

keep＋賓語＋賓語補足語
(教材原句)The tubes were attached to a long stick which helped keep the rocket moving in a straight direction.
這些管子被綁在一根長棍上，這根長棍能使火箭沿直線移動。
[基礎練習]——單句語法填空
①a.(浙江卷)A good listener takes part in the conversation，offering ideas and raising questions to keep the talk flowing(flow)．
b．It is necessary that we keep the young generation informed(inform) of the current affairs.
②a.(廣東卷)In other words, we should keep the earth healthy(health) while using its supply of natural resources.
b．He kept his eyes closed(close) and stayed where he was.
[能力提升]——完成句子
③(北京卷)為了更方便聯(lián)系我們，你最好把這張名片放在手邊。
To make it easier to get in touch with us, you’d better keep__this__card__at__hand．

“keep＋賓語＋賓語補足語”結構，這里keep為使役動詞，意為“使……繼續(xù)處于某種狀態(tài)”。
(1)keep＋賓語＋形容詞/副詞/介詞短語/名詞
(2)keep＋賓語＋現在分詞
(3)keep＋賓語＋過去分詞　
[佳句背誦] New technology has been brought in since new-elected mayor came into power and carried out the new policy, keeping the city developing rapidly.
自從新當選的市長上臺執(zhí)政并實行新政策以來，新技術得以引進，使得該市迅速發(fā)展。
[名師點津] 在“keep＋賓語＋賓語補足語”結構中，現在分詞與賓語之間為主謂關系，過去分詞與賓語之間為動賓關系。

維度一　在空白處填入括號內單詞的正確形式
1．(江蘇卷)It is everybody’s duty to observe the traffic rules to keep our society in order and going(go) on the right track.
2．Large quantities of money have__been__spent(spend) in bringing up the three children since they were born.
3．The boy managed to escape from the burning house, but he couldn’t escape being__punished/punishment(punish) because the fire was caused by his playing with matches.
4．Though earning(earn) his living by selling fruit, the old man contributed much money to help the people hit by the disaster.
5．After the earthquake, the electricity supply failed, making(make) the cooling system break down.
維度二　在空白處填入1個適當的單詞
1．His success was a long story, but in brief, he succeeded after many failures.
2．Hangzhou, known for the West Lake, attracts many visitors every year.
3．The museum has been completed，but the government hasn’t made it clear when it will be open to the public.
4．—How do you deal with the disagreement between the company and the customers?
—The key to solving the problem is to meet the demands made by the customers.
5. The artists had little faith in the political leader who came to power after the war.
維度三　派生詞練習
1．This factory produces computers. Its producer is optimistic about the production and sale. (produce)
2．The government is attaching more importance to educating the younger generation. In a sense, it is the duty of every educator to do what they can for the cause of education of China. (educate)
3．After graduation,__he is one of the graduates who have just graduated this year and have found a good job in Beijing.(graduate)
4．Two bombs exploded in the centre of our city and the explosion caused seven deaths.(explode)
維度四　易錯混用
1．His confident words have cleared out our doubts about how the plan will be carried out.第一個out→up
2．You may be physical and mentally exhausted after a long flight.physical→physically
3．His first book published last year and it turned out to be a best-seller.在published前加was
4．Experts brought in to help the farmers increase the crop output last year.在brought前加were
5．Determined to make big breakthrough in his career, he works day and night in the company.在big前加a

提能一　語段填空(短文中黑體部分為本模塊核心知識點，請補全短文，并背誦體會黑體部分用法)
Yuan Longping
It is clear that in the past, many people couldn’t escape 1.suffering(suffer) from hunger. A lot of them even 2.earned(earn) their living by begging. So Yuan Longping dreamed of developing a new species 3.to__increase (increase) rice production to feed more people. After 4.graduating(graduate) from university, he devoted 5.himself(he) to the research. As 6.a result of his years’ efforts, he made a great breakthrough 7.anddeveloped hybrid rice. Many other countries brought in large 8.quantities(quantity) of hybrid rice. Yuan Longping took up his post in Qingdao Sea Rice Research and Development Center in 2017 and kept sea rice research project 9.making(make) great progress. 10.In brief, Yuan Longping lives up to the “Father of Hybrid Rice”， and thus has been awarded the Life Science Prize.
提能二　話題寫作(用本模塊詞匯、句式和語法知識寫滿分作文)
假定你是李華，應你校校報英文版編輯邀請寫一篇介紹亞歷山大·弗萊明的短文。寫作要點如下：①簡要介紹人物；②介紹人物的貢獻；③對人物進行評價。
1．補全要點句(黑體部分請用本模塊所學詞匯)
①亞歷山大·弗萊明出生在蘇格蘭并由母親和哥哥撫養(yǎng)長大。
Alexander Fleming was born in Scotland and was__brought__up by his mother and his elder brother.
②在他們的支持下，他在倫敦的一個醫(yī)學院接受教育。
Supported__by__them,__he got__educated in a medical school in London.
③1906年他作為優(yōu)秀生從該校畢業(yè)。
In 1906, he graduated__from the school as a top student.
④他對醫(yī)學做出了巨大的貢獻，但是發(fā)現青霉素使他獲得了終生的榮譽。
He made great contributions to medical science, but it was his discovery of penicillin that earned__him__a__lasting__reputation．
⑤因為這個成就他聞名于世，并獲得諾貝爾獎。
He was__known__for__that__achievement,__and for it he received a Nobel Prize.
⑥很顯然，弗萊明是歷史上才華橫溢的科學家之一。
It__is__clear__that Fleming is one__of__the__brilliant__scientists in history.
2．升級平淡句
⑦用過去分詞作狀語升級句①
Born__in__Scotland,__Alexander__Fleming__was__brought__up__by__his__mother__and__his__elder__brother.
⑧用“介詞＋which”非限制性定語從句升級句⑤
He__was__known__for__that__achievement,__for__which__he__received__a__Nobel__Prize.
3．銜接成美文
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
One possible version：
Born in Scotland, Alexander Fleming was brought up by his mother and his elder brother. Supported by them, he got educated in a medical school in London. In 1906, he graduated from the school as a top student. He made great contributions to medical science, but it was his discovery of penicillin that earned him a lasting reputation. He was known for that achievement, for which he received a Nobel Prize.
It is clear that Fleming is one of the brilliant scientists in history.

(建議用時：35分鐘)
Ⅰ.閱讀理解
A
(2020·洛陽、許昌質檢)Looking back on my childhood, I am convinced that naturalists are born and not made.
Although we were all brought up in the same way, my brothers and sisters soon abandoned their pressed flowers and insects. Unlike them, I had no ear for music and languages. I was not an early reader and I could not do mental maths.
I have only the unmemorable memory of the house we lived in, of my room and my toys. Nor do I recall clearly the large family of grandparents, aunts, uncles and cousins who gathered next door. But I do have a crystal clear memory of the dogs, the farm animals, the local birds, and almost all the insects.
I am a naturalist, not a scientist. I have a strong love of the natural world, and my enthusiasm has led me into varied investigations. I love discussing my favorite topics and enjoy burning the midnight oil while reading about other people’s observations and discoveries. Then something happens that brings these observations together in my conscious mind. This has resulted in my publishing 300 papers and books，which some might honour with the title of scientific research.
But curiosity, a keen eye, a good memory and enjoyment of the animal and plant world do not make a scientist：One of the outstanding and essential qualities required is self-discipline, a quality I lack. A scientist requires not only self-discipline but all training, determination and a goal. A scientist, up to a point, can be made. A naturalist is born. If you can combine the two, you get the best of both worlds.
【解題導語】　本文是一篇夾敘夾議文，作者通過自身的經歷明白了一個道理：博物學家是天生的，而科學家則是可以后天培養(yǎng)的。
1．What impressed the author deeply during his childhood?
A．Wildlife.　　　　　　　　 B．Music.
C．Languages. D．Literature.
A　解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據第三段最后一句“But I do have a crystal clear memory of the dogs, the farm animals, the local birds, and almost all the insects.”可知，作者在童年時，印象深刻的是那些野生生物，故選A。
2．Why can’t the author remember his relatives clearly?
A．He didn’t live with them for long.
B．The family was extremely large.
C．He was fully occupied with observing nature.
D．He was too young when he lived with them.
C　解析：推理判斷題。根據第三段最后一句“But I do have a crystal clear memory of the dogs, the farm animals, the local birds, and almost all the insects.”可推知，作者童年時期過于專注自然界而對周圍的親戚并不是很在意，所以沒有深刻的印象，這與第四段第二句中的“I have a strong love of the natural world”呼應，故選C。
3．According to the author, what personality should a born naturalist have first of all?
A．Being knowledgeable.
B．Being self-discipline.
C．Being full of ambition.
D．Being full of enthusiasm.
D　解析：推理判斷題。根據第四段前兩句“I am a naturalist, not a scientist. I have a strong love of the natural world, and my enthusiasm has led me into varied investigations.”可知，作者從小熱愛自然界，而且這種熱情使作者做了很多不同的調查，成了一個博物學家。由此可推知，一個天生的博物學家首先要充滿熱情，故選D。
4．Why does the author say he is a naturalist, not a scientist?
A．He thinks he lacks some quality required of a scientist.
B．He thinks he has much trouble doing mental arithmetic.
C．He thinks he comes up with solutions in a most natural way.
D．He thinks he just reads about other people’s observations.
A　解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據最后一段第一句“But curiosity, a keen eye, a good memory and enjoyment of the animal and plant world do not make a scientist：One of the outstanding and essential qualities required is self-discipline, a quality I lack.”可知，作者認為自己只是一個博物學家而不是一個科學家是因為自己缺乏成為科學家的某種必備的素質，故選A。
B
(2020·合肥第二次質檢)In today’s society, language plays a key role in defining gender(性別) by vocabulary, and also the non-verbal(非語言的) vocabulary. Each one of these different types of ways of communicating is obviously different between men and women.
Many different studies show that men tend to talk much more than women. It has also been proven that women tend to speak faster than men. This is due to the fact that women tend to be interrupted more often than men are, and also have the ability to speak more clearly, precisely, and more quickly than men. In one study it was found that women spoke for an average of three minutes describing a painting, as opposed to the thirteen-minute average it took men to describe it.
Men and women also tend to have a very different nonverbal way of communicating, which can also make it very hard for one another to understand what the opposite sex is trying to say. Men’s body language is much more reserved when they are talking to women. Men tend not to make as much eye contact and they generally stay farther away from women when talking to them. Men avoid other people’s body space while talking, and they also tend to sit back when talking. All of these have given off the impression of disinterest or boredom. Women are by far better listeners and much more enjoyable to talk with and they tend to raise more topics for conversation.
Women also make it clearer whether or not the conversation is going somewhere or just stuck in neutral. After learning about our styles of communicating with each other, I have decided that although men have not quite mastered communicating, what fun would it be if we all spoke the same “l(fā)anguage”？ The little games men and women play with each other while conversing would be lost. The question everyone asks himself or herself after talking with someone of the opposite sex, “I wonder if there’s something there？” would no longer exist.
【解題導語】　本文是一篇議論文，主要介紹了男性和女性因性別差異而導致在溝通方式上也有所不同的現象。
5．What does the underlined word “This” in Paragraph 2 refer to?
A．The differences between men’s and women’s languages.
B．The different speed of men’s and women’s speech.
C．The ability of men’s and women’s spoken language.
D．The non-verbal vocabulary of men and women.
B　解析：代詞指代題。由This承接第二段中的“It has also been proven that women tend to speak faster than men.”可知，此處的This指代女性比男性說話快的現象，故選B。
6．In what way do men and women differ according to the third paragraph?
A．Speed of understanding.
B．Understanding of speech roles.
C．Politeness of communication.
D．Application of body language.
D　解析：推理判斷題。根據第三段的整體內容，尤其是該段第二句“Men’s body language is much more reserved when they are talking to women.”可推知，本段主要講的是男性和女性在非語言表達方式上的不同，即肢體語言使用上的差異，故選D。
7．What is the author’s attitude to the differences between men’s and women’s communication?
A．Cautious. B．Favorable.
C．Ambiguous. D．Skeptical.
B　解析：觀點態(tài)度題。根據最后一段第二句和第三句“After learning about our styles of communicating with each other, I have decided that although men have not quite mastered communicating, what fun would it be if we all spoke the same ‘language’？ The little games men and women play with each other while conversing would be lost.”可推知，作者對男性和女性在溝通的差異性上持贊成態(tài)度，故選B。cautious“謹慎的”；favorable“贊成的”；ambiguous“模棱兩可的”；skeptical“懷疑的”。
8．What is the best title for the text?
A．Women, Born Excellent Talkers
B．Men’s and Women’s Social Roles
C．Vocabulary and Communication
D．Opposite Gender, Different Language
D　解析：標題歸納題。根據第一段的話題導入，并結合全文的整體內容可推知，本文主要講的是男性和女性因性別差異而導致在溝通方式上也有所不同，故選D。
Ⅱ.七選五
(2020·武漢調研)One of the areas of our body which conveys most about how we feel is how we move our hands and arms. 1.________， but most often they occur unconsciously and naturally.
2．________. Open hands and arms, especially extended, and with hands up in front of the body at chest height, indicates that what you’re saying is important and, especially when people are speaking in public, a pointing finger or a hand waving above the shoulders stresses a personal point. However, research shows that people often find speakers who point their fingers a lot rather annoying.
Openness or honesty. 3.________， they will often hold one or both of their hands out to the other person. Footballers who have just committed a foul (犯規(guī)) often use this gesture to try to convince the referee that they didn’t do it.
Nervousness. If a person puts his hand to his mouth, this either indicates that he is hiding something, or that he is nervous. 4.________， and so does holding a bag or briefcase very tightly in front of the body.
Feeling defensive. Arms folded tightly over the chest is a classic gesture of defensiveness and indicates that you are protecting yourself. It is often seen among strangers in queues or in lifts or anywhere where people feel a bit insecure. People also sometimes use this gesture when they are listening to someone, to show that they disagree with what is being said. 5.________！
A．Saying something important
B．When people want to be open or honest
C．Hand and arm gestures are sometimes intentional
D．But this gesture can simply mean that the person is cold
E．Playing with your fingers, like tapping the table, also shows anxiety
F．This gesture is typical of lawyers, accountants, and other professionals
G．When someone puts up his both hands, he probably gives in to his enemies
【解題導語】　本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹了肢體語言的各種含義，如說明你在講重要的事；表示開放和誠實的心態(tài)；表示緊張和防御心理等。
1．C　解析：根據該句中的“but”可知，空處與下文“手和手臂大部分時候會自然、無意識地移動”形成轉折關系，C項中的“intentional”與該句中的“unconsciously and naturally”相對，故C項正確。
2．A　解析：根據文章結構以及空處所在的位置可知，空處為該段的主題；結合本段內容尤其是下文中的“indicates that what you’re saying is important” “stresses a personal point”可知，該段主要陳述“肢體語言有時表示某事物的重要性”，故A項正確。
3．B　解析：根據空前的“Openness or honesty.”可知，該段主要陳述肢體語言表明的第二種含義：表示開放或誠實(的心態(tài))，結合選項中對應的“to be open or honest”可知， B項正確。
4．E　解析：根據該段主題句“Nervousness.”可知，該段主要陳述肢體語言表明的第三種含義：緊張。結合本段內容和下文中的“and so does holding a bag or briefcase very tightly in front of the body”可知，空處應是陳述另一種表示緊張的肢體語言形式，故E項正確。
5．D　解析：根據該段第二句“Arms folded tightly over the chest is a classic gesture of defensiveness and indicates that you are protecting yourself.”可知，雙臂緊緊地交叉在胸前是一種典型的防御姿勢，表明你在保護自己。再結合常識可知，雙臂緊緊地交叉在胸前僅僅說明你很寒冷，故D項正確。
Ⅲ.語法填空
(2020·昆明質檢)Hotel guests in China might no 1.____________(long) have to worry about waiting in line to check in. At the Alibaba’s futuristic(未來派的) hotels, guests can scan their IDs, take a photo and input personal details using a machine to check 2.____________(they) in. The smart equipment will then provide a room key card after the information 3.____________(check). The process will take less than a minute, according to the company. Targeting only Chinese customers for now, the new service will be 4.____________(gradual) expanded globally. The rapid growth of mobile usage and mobile payment adoption can show 5.____________ convenient people’s life is becoming in China.
Alibaba isn’t the only company 6.____________ introduces high-tech hotels. Smart LYZ, a Shenzhen-based company which focused 7.____________developing AI technology and smart hotels, opened the first ever fully automated(自動化的) hotel in Chengdu, Sichuan, back in January. 8.____________(travel) can book a room through Smart LYZ’s WeChat website, check in through a facial recognition machine, unlock the door with a 9.__________(give) passcode or through its mobile app and finally, check out by pressing a button on the app. The AI Smart Room will undoubtedly be extremely attractive to guests, 10.____________(create) the way for a new level of modernization and consumers’satisfaction.
【解題導語】　本文是一篇說明文，主要介紹了智能賓館的相關內容。
1．longer　解析：考查固定搭配。句意：在中國，賓館住客再也不用擔心排隊登記入住了。no longer是固定搭配，意為“不再”，故填longer。
2．themselves　解析：考查代詞。此處表示完成他們自己的登記入住。故應用they的反身代詞themselves，作check的賓語。
3．is checked　解析：考查動詞的時態(tài)、語態(tài)和主謂一致。此處表示在信息被核實之后。此處為一般性描述，應用一般現在時，又根據語境并分析句子結構可知，主語the information與check之間為被動關系，且主語為第三人稱單數，故填is checked。
4．gradually　解析：考查詞形轉換。此處應用副詞修飾其后的“expanded”。
5．how　解析：考查賓語從句。此處表示在中國，人們的生活正在變得多么便利。分析句子結構可知，此處引導賓語從句，又根據語境可知，此處表示程度，故用連接副詞how“多么”。
6．that　解析：考查定語從句。分析句子結構可知，空處引導定語從句，指代先行詞the only company，在句中作主語，又根據先行詞前面有the only修飾，故填that引導該定語從句。
7．on/upon　解析：考查介詞。此處表示專注于研發(fā)AI技術和智能賓館。focus on/upon是固定搭配，意為“集中”，故填on/upon。
8．Travel(l)ers　解析：考查名詞。此處表示通過Smart LYZ的微信網頁，旅客們就能預訂房間。根據語境可知，此處應用名詞的復數形式。
9．given　解析：考查形容詞。根據空前的a和空后的名詞passcode可知，此處應用形容詞given“給定的”。
10．creating　解析：考查非謂語動詞。分析句子結構可知，主語The AI Smart Room與create之間為邏輯上的主謂關系，故用create的現在分詞形式creating。