高中英語(yǔ)北師大版 (2019)必修 第三冊(cè)Unit 7 ArtLesson 3 A Musical Genius優(yōu)秀學(xué)案及答案

這是一份高中英語(yǔ)北師大版 (2019)必修 第三冊(cè)Unit 7 ArtLesson 3 A Musical Genius優(yōu)秀學(xué)案及答案，共30頁(yè)。學(xué)案主要包含了音樂(lè)之父——巴赫等內(nèi)容，歡迎下載使用。
?Unit 7　Art
Section Ⅳ　Lesson 3


1．Discussion—Look at the following pictures and discuss what you think of Beethoven? Why?

He__was__a__great__and__strong－willed__composer__in__the__world.Though__he__was__deaf__completely,__he__didn’t__give__up__and__at__last__finished__his__ninth__symphony.
2．Prediction—(1)Look at the photo on Page 14 and predict what the text is probably about.
The__text__is__mainly__about__how__Ludwig__van__Beethoven__created__Symphony__No.9__in__D__minor__and__how__its__first__show__went.
(2)Read the text and predict what effects Beethoven’s works have made?
Beethoven’s__works__have__greatly__influenced__all__the__people__in__the__world.His__works__not__only__made__people__enjoy__wonderful__music__but__also__encouraged__people__to__work__even__harder.

1．First reading—Read the text and put the following statements in time order.
A．At 54 years of age, he conducted his last symphony successfully.
B．In his twenties，he lost his hearing.
C．Beethoven was born in Germany.
D．In 1824, he composed his ninth symphony.
答案　CBDA
2．Second reading—Read the text carefully and choose the best answer.
(1)What is Beethoven most famous as?
A．A pianist. B．A conductor.
C．A composer. D．A singer.
(2)Where was Beethoven born?
A．China. B．Italy.
C．Canada. D．Germany.
(3)What a big challenge did Beethoven face?
A．He became deaf. B．He became blind.
C．He became mad. D．He became lame.
(4)How many musical works did Beethoven write?
A．More than 100. B．More than 130.
C．More than 230. D．More than 300.
答案　(1)C　(2)D　(3)A　(4)B
3．Third reading—Read the text carefully again and fill in the blanks below.
Beethoven
General introduction
Beethoven was born in ①Germany．He was remembered as a great ②composer in the history of music.
·His problem: In his ③twenties,__he lost his hearing.
·His achievements: In all his lifetime, he wrote ④more__than 130 musical works, including his Symphony No.9 in D minor.
The performance of his last symphony
Before：The ⑤backstage atmosphere was tense. Beethoven was afraid that the performance would be a ⑥failure/disaster because he couldn’t hear his orchestra.
·During: the orchestra was in the ⑦charge of Michael Umlauf and Beethoven. For over an hour, Beethoven jumped, ⑧waved his arms wildly and madly turned the pages of his score.Umlauf stood ⑨quietly by his side, skillfully guiding the orchestra.
·In the end: the audience jumped to their feet, clapping, ⑩cheering and waving their hats happily. Beethoven’s symphony turned out to be a success.

1．Thinking and discussing：How do you think Beethoven felt while he was conducting the orchestra? Tell the reason.
He__was__completely__addicted__to__his__conduct.For__more__than__an__hour,__Beethoven__jumped__about__in__front__of__the__orchestra,__waving__his__arms__wildly__in__the__air,__and__madly__turning__the__pages__of__his__score.__When__the__symphony__ended__and__the__audiences__cheered,__Beethoven__continued__conducting,__his__head__buried__in__the__score.
2．Make a summary about the text using your own words.
The__answer__is__open.
世界十大著名音樂(lè)家
1．Bach, father of music (Germany) 音樂(lè)之父——巴赫
2．Mozart, musical prodigy (Germany) 音樂(lè)神童——莫扎特
3．Beethoven, the great composer of music (Germany) 古今樂(lè)圣——貝多芬
4．Schubert, king of songs(Germany) 歌曲之王——舒伯特
5．Handel, music god (Germany)音樂(lè)神靈——韓德?tīng)?br /> 6．Haydn, king of symphonies (Austria)交響曲之王——海頓
7．Chopin, piano poet (Poland) 鋼琴詩(shī)人——肖邦
8．Liszt, king of piano (Hungary)鋼琴之王——李斯特
9．Tchaikovsky, music master(Russia) 舞劇音樂(lè)大師——柴可夫斯基
10．Johann Strauss Sr., father of Waltz (Austria)圓舞曲之父——老約翰·施特勞斯
如何記生詞
1．Group words with the same base form.
2．Group words that belong to the same topic.
3．Draw pictures and label new words, like the diagram on the first page of this unit.
4．Write new words in a notebook and study them in your spare time.
5．Use the new words in your speaking and writing.
語(yǔ)言現(xiàn)象感知
Ⅰ.單詞理解
體會(huì)句中加黑單詞的詞性和含義
1．I asked him several times, but he didn’t respond.vi.回應(yīng)
2．As soon as he sat down at the table, he signalled to the waiter to bring the menu.v.示意
3．You have to charge the telephone after using it for a long time.v.充電
Ⅱ.詞塊積累
寫(xiě)出下列詞塊的含義
1．in the history of在……歷史上
2．in his twenties在他二十多歲的時(shí)候
3．for the first time第一次
4．give up放棄
5．a(chǎn)s well也；又；還
6．in the end終于，__最后
7．a(chǎn)fter all終究，畢竟
8．hesitate to do sth遲疑做某事；不愿做某事
9．more than不僅僅是；多于；非常
Ⅲ.句式欣賞
1．that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句
At 54 years of age, he didn’t know that this would be his last symphony.
2．even if引導(dǎo)的狀語(yǔ)從句
After all, what use is a conductor who could not hear his orchestra—even if he is a musical genius?
3．not until的強(qiáng)調(diào)句型
It was not until Caroline Unger, one of the singers, took his arm and turned him to face the audience that the great man realised his symphony was a success.
Ⅰ.單詞語(yǔ)境記憶——根據(jù)英漢提示寫(xiě)出單詞的適當(dāng)形式
1．It was said that Wynford was an architect of genius(天才)．
2．Can you tell me how to compose(作曲)?
3．He acted a minor(不重要的) character in this film .
4．I can accompany you on __piano(鋼琴) if you want to sing.
5．I hope all of us can struggle__(奮斗) together and show our best to the world.
6．The doctor also tries to figure out how we respond(反應(yīng)) to sickness.
7．After the show, those famous singers came backstage(后臺(tái))．
8．He is a composer__(compose) of serious music.I like his music a lot.
9．He had an awful encounter(沖突) with the conductor__(conduct) on the bus.
10．There’s nothing more __joyous__(joy) than his arrival.
Ⅱ.短語(yǔ)語(yǔ)境填空——根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)提示寫(xiě)出適當(dāng)?shù)亩陶Z(yǔ)
1．The novel is__regarded__as (被認(rèn)為是)one of the classic works.
2．An experienced teacher takes__charge__of__(負(fù)責(zé)) the class.
3．Tom，as__well__as(以及) his friends，is going to visit the exhibition next week.
4．For__the__first__time (第一次)I enjoyed so beautiful a park.
5．After many years’ hard work, he passed the College Entrance Exam in__the__end(最終)．
6．The young man still kept on trying even__if (盡管)he was very tired.
Ⅲ.句式語(yǔ)境仿寫(xiě)
1．For more than an hour, Beethoven jumped about in front of the orchestra，waving his arms wildly in the air, and madly turning the pages of his score.
貝多芬在樂(lè)隊(duì)前面跳了一個(gè)多小時(shí)，在空中瘋狂地?fù)]舞著雙臂，瘋狂地翻動(dòng)著樂(lè)譜。
[仿寫(xiě)]　那位年輕人唱著一首歌走出了電影院。
That young man walked out of the theatre，singing__a__song．
2．It was not until Caroline Unger, one of the singers, took his arm and turned him to face the audience that the great man realised his symphony was a success.直到其中一位歌手卡洛琳·昂格爾挽起他的手臂，讓他轉(zhuǎn)過(guò)身來(lái)面對(duì)觀眾，這位偉人才意識(shí)到他的交響曲獲得了成功。
[仿寫(xiě)]　直到他快到家的時(shí)候，他才意識(shí)到他的鑰匙忘辦公室了。
It was not__until__he__almost__reached__his__home__that he realized he had left his key in the office.
記單詞
Ⅰ.一言串記多義詞
Tom conducts himself in a good manner.He often conducts other people to conduct their affairs.Last week he conducted us safely to the railway station.On the way he told us most plastics do not readily conduct electricity and he could conduct a big band.
湯姆舉止得體。他經(jīng)常引導(dǎo)別人處理他們的事情。上星期他把我們安全地送到火車站。在路上他告訴我們大多數(shù)塑料不容易導(dǎo)電，他可以指揮一個(gè)大樂(lè)隊(duì)。
Ⅱ.詞綴助記派生詞
1．名詞后綴：－er, －or，－ation
compose(vt.)→composer (n.)
conduct(v.)→conductor (n.)
hesitate(vi.)→hesitation (n.)
2．形容詞后綴：－ous
joy(n.)→joyous(adj.)
Ⅲ.合成詞一族
back＋stage→backstage
句型公式
1．動(dòng)詞－ing短語(yǔ)作伴隨狀語(yǔ)
2．強(qiáng)調(diào)句型：“It was/is＋not until...that...”


1.struggle n．奮斗 vi.奮斗；拼搏
Inspired by his struggles with deafness, the composer produced some amazing pieces, including nine symphonies，five piano pieces, and an opera! (教材P14)
受到與失聰斗爭(zhēng)的啟發(fā)，這位作曲家創(chuàng)作了一些令人驚嘆的作品，包括九首交響曲、五首鋼琴曲和一部歌?。?br /> [合作探究]　體會(huì)struggle的用法和意義
He has been struggling for success in his business.
為了事業(yè)的成功，他一直努力奮斗著。
A strong man will struggle with/against the storms of fate.
強(qiáng)者能同命運(yùn)的風(fēng)暴抗?fàn)帯?br /> Bravely，Mary struggled to her feet，and fought against/with the wind and rain beating against her.
瑪麗勇敢地掙扎著站起來(lái)，同撲向她的暴風(fēng)雨搏斗著。
[自主發(fā)現(xiàn)]
①struggle with/against　　與……作斗爭(zhēng)
②struggle for 努力爭(zhēng)取……；為……而斗爭(zhēng)
③struggle __to one’s feet 掙扎著站起來(lái)
[詞塊積累]
struggle to do sth努力做某事
class struggle階級(jí)斗爭(zhēng)
endless struggle奮斗不息
[鞏固內(nèi)化]　單句語(yǔ)法填空
①Everyone wants to struggle for__freedom and against difficulty.
②The runner struggled to his feet (foot) and went on running forward.
③Though he was ill, he struggled to__finish(finish) his task on time.
2.respond vi. & vt.回應(yīng)；回復(fù)
As he proudly signed his name at the bottom of the page, Beethoven tried to imagine how people would respond when they heard it for the first time.(教材P14)當(dāng)貝多芬自豪地在這頁(yè)紙的底部簽上自己的名字時(shí)，他努力想象人們第一次聽(tīng)到這首樂(lè)曲時(shí)會(huì)作何反應(yīng)。
[合作探究]　體會(huì)respond及其相關(guān)詞的用法和意義
They are likely to respond positively to the president’s request for aid.
他們有可能積極地回應(yīng)該總統(tǒng)的援助請(qǐng)求。
Please respond to the question at once.請(qǐng)立刻回答這個(gè)問(wèn)題。
This may be in response to the government pressure.
這可能是對(duì)政府壓力的響應(yīng)。
[自主發(fā)現(xiàn)]
①respond to回應(yīng)；回答；響應(yīng)
②in__response__to 響應(yīng)；回答；對(duì)……有反應(yīng)
[鞏固內(nèi)化]　完成句子
①How should we respond__to__complaints from friends?
對(duì)于來(lái)自朋友們的抱怨，我們?cè)撊绾螒?yīng)對(duì)？
②He contributed one hundred dollars in__response__to__my__request．
他應(yīng)我的請(qǐng)求而捐了100美元。
3.hesitate vi.猶豫；躊躇
The audience did not hesitate to applaud loudly as the famous composer walked out onto the stage for the first time in 12 years.(教材P15)
當(dāng)這位著名作曲家12年來(lái)第一次走上舞臺(tái)時(shí)，觀眾毫不猶豫地大聲鼓掌。
[合作探究]　體會(huì)hesitate及其相關(guān)詞的用法和意義
He hesitated to tell her the truth.該不該告訴她真相，他有些猶豫。
If you get in trouble, don’t hesitate to ask for advice.
如果碰到麻煩，要趕緊向人求教。
She hesitated about/over telling anyone.她對(duì)是否告訴別人猶豫不決。
She agreed to see him again without hesitation.
她毫不猶豫地同意和他再次見(jiàn)面。
[自主發(fā)現(xiàn)]
①hesitate to__do sth　遲疑做某事
②not hesitate to__do sth 毫不猶豫地做某事
③hesitate about/over doing sth 做某事猶豫不決
④without hesitation 毫不猶豫地
[鞏固內(nèi)化]　單句語(yǔ)法填空
①He did not hesitate for a minute to__save (save) the drowning child.
②I hesitated about taking (take) his side until I knew the whole story.
③Therefore I recommend myself to you without hesitation.
④I hesitate to__spend (spend) so much money on clothes.
4.signal vt.標(biāo)志著；預(yù)示；發(fā)暗號(hào)；示意 n．標(biāo)識(shí)；信號(hào)；暗號(hào)
As the final, joyous note signalled the end of the symphony, the audience jumped to their feet, clapping, cheering and waving their hats.(教材P15)
當(dāng)最后一個(gè)歡快的音符預(yù)示著交響樂(lè)的結(jié)束時(shí)，觀眾們跳了起來(lái)，鼓掌，歡呼，揮舞著他們的帽子。
[合作探究]　體會(huì)signal的用法和意義
Her speech yesterday was a signal that her views have changed.
她昨天的講話標(biāo)志著她的觀點(diǎn)已經(jīng)轉(zhuǎn)變。
The diner signalled (to) the waiters to bring the menu.
用餐者示意服務(wù)員把菜單拿來(lái)。
She signalled the other girls that everything was all right.
她對(duì)其他女孩發(fā)信號(hào)說(shuō)一切正常。
[自主發(fā)現(xiàn)]
①signal(to)sb to__do sth　示意某人做某事
②signal (sb) that 示意……
[詞塊積累]
digital signal數(shù)字信號(hào)
signal sth to sb向某人示意……
traffic signals交通信號(hào)燈
send a signal to sb向某人發(fā)送信號(hào)
[鞏固內(nèi)化]　單句語(yǔ)法填空
①A red light is a danger signal, which is even known to a five－year－old child.
②She signalled us that everything was all right.
③ The police signalled the public to__keep__(keep) away from the traffic spot.
5.compose vt.作(曲)；構(gòu)成； 寫(xiě)作 vi.組成； 作曲　composer n．作曲家
The one person in the room who didn’t hear the symphony—and never would— was the very man who composed it.(教材P15)
在這個(gè)房間里，只有一個(gè)人沒(méi)有聽(tīng)過(guò)這首交響樂(lè)——而且永遠(yuǎn)也不會(huì)聽(tīng)到——他就是創(chuàng)作這首交響樂(lè)的人。
[合作探究]　體會(huì)compose及其相關(guān)詞的用法和意義
The composer tried to compose herself when she was 12 years old.
那位女作曲家12歲就開(kāi)始嘗試自己作曲。
The United Nations consists of many nations.
→The United Nations is made up of many nations.
→The United Nations is composed of many nations.
→Many nations make up the United Nations.聯(lián)合國(guó)由許多國(guó)家組成。
[自主發(fā)現(xiàn)]
①B由A組成
②A make up B　A組成或構(gòu)成B
[名師提醒]　consist of沒(méi)有被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，相當(dāng)于be made up of或be composed of，且不用于進(jìn)行時(shí)。
[詞塊積累]
compose a poem作詩(shī)
[鞏固內(nèi)化]　單句語(yǔ)法填空
①Our school is composed of__100 classes in all.
②Twenty boys and thirty girls make up our class.
③In a sense, the life of each of us is__made(make) up of family, friends and career.

1.be regarded as被看做
He is regarded as one of the greatest composers in the history of music.(教材P14)他被認(rèn)為是音樂(lè)史上最偉大的作曲家之一。
[短語(yǔ)牢記](méi) 　記牢下列短語(yǔ)
regard...as...　　把……看做……(主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài))
in this regard 關(guān)于這一點(diǎn)
①Lei Feng is regarded as a good example.雷鋒被看做是一個(gè)好榜樣。
②We regard Lei Feng as a good example.我們把雷鋒看做好榜樣。
[鞏固內(nèi)化]　完成句子
①Lu Xun was__regarded__as one of the best writers of the last century.
魯迅被認(rèn)為是上個(gè)世紀(jì)最好的作家之一。
②While you are against me, I__regard__you__as one of the able men.
雖然你反對(duì)我，但我認(rèn)為你是一個(gè)有能力的人。
③In__this__regard,__at all times I stand together with the human.
在這一點(diǎn)上，我任何時(shí)候都是和人類站在一起的。
2.give up放棄
Beethoven thought about giving up, but in the end he continued to write music.(教材P14)貝多芬想過(guò)放棄，但最后他還是繼續(xù)寫(xiě)音樂(lè)。
[短語(yǔ)牢記](méi) 　記牢下列短語(yǔ)
give in (to)　屈服；讓步
give off 發(fā)出，放出(氣味、熱、光等)
give out 用完，耗盡；分發(fā)；發(fā)出(聲音、光等)
give away 放棄； 泄露； 頒發(fā)； 出賣(mài)；贈(zèng)送；捐贈(zèng)
①They felt like they were giving away company secrets.
他們覺(jué)得自己正在泄露公司的秘密。
②The gas gave out on our way to the beach yesterday.
昨天在我們?nèi)ズ┑穆飞宪嚊](méi)油了。,[鞏固內(nèi)化]
單句語(yǔ)法填空/完成句子
①The mayor gave away the prizes at the school sports day.
②This is a very special flower and it can give off a fragrant perfume at night.
③The politician had to give in under pressure.
④In no case should you __give__up．
在任何情況下，你都不應(yīng)該放棄。
3.add up合計(jì)；把……加起來(lái)
Writing the piece had taken several years, and now the final notes had been added to the score.(教材P14)
寫(xiě)這首樂(lè)曲花了好幾年的時(shí)間，現(xiàn)在最后的音符已經(jīng)加到樂(lè)譜上了。
[短語(yǔ)牢記](méi)　記牢下列短語(yǔ)
add up to　總計(jì)；合計(jì)為
add to 增加；增添(多用于抽象意義)
add...to... 把……加到……上
add that... 補(bǔ)充說(shuō)……
①Remember：Little steps add up to big dreams.
記住：小的積累成就大的夢(mèng)想。
②Every failure one meets with adds to one’s experience.
[諺語(yǔ)]吃一塹，長(zhǎng)一智。
③Will you add more sugar to your coffee？你的咖啡要多加些糖嗎？,[鞏固內(nèi)化]
①These fees add up to__ rather large sums.
②Do you have anything to add to the list?
③ You should add some details to your composition.
[巧學(xué)助記](méi)

[名師提醒]　add up to一般不用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。add up的賓語(yǔ)如是代詞，要放在add與up之間。
4.after all終究，畢竟
After all, what use is a conductor who could not hear his orchestra—even if he is a musical genius？(教材P15)畢竟，一個(gè)指揮家——即使是一個(gè)音樂(lè)天才，聽(tīng)不見(jiàn)他的管弦樂(lè)隊(duì)有什么用呢？
[短語(yǔ)牢記](méi)　記牢下列短語(yǔ)
above all　最重要；首先
first of all 首先，第一(強(qiáng)調(diào)順序)
at all 根本，全然
not at all 一點(diǎn)也不
in all 總共，共計(jì)
all in all 總之，總的來(lái)說(shuō)
①How many people were there in all at the party？晚會(huì)上一共有多少個(gè)人？
②He has faults, but, all in all，he is a good helper.
他雖有缺點(diǎn)，但總的說(shuō)來(lái)，他是一個(gè)好幫手。
③Above all, we must be honest about what we do not know.
最重要的是，對(duì)于我們不了解的東西我們必須誠(chéng)實(shí)。
[鞏固內(nèi)化]　完成句子
①He wasn’t satisfied with what we said __at__all．
他對(duì)我們所說(shuō)的話一點(diǎn)兒也不滿意。
②All__in__all,__the reasons above make me like the book best.
總而言之，以上原因讓我最喜歡這本書(shū)。
③You shouldn’t depend on your parents at__all，and after__all you have been over eighteen；above__all you should earn money by yourself.
你一點(diǎn)都不應(yīng)該依靠父母了，畢竟你已經(jīng)過(guò)十八歲了。最重要的是你應(yīng)該自己掙錢(qián)。
5.take charge of負(fù)責(zé)，主管
The theatre’s musical director, Michael Umlauf, joined him and together the two men took charge of the orchestra.(教材P15)劇院的音樂(lè)總監(jiān)邁克爾·烏姆洛夫也加入了他的行列，兩人一起負(fù)責(zé)管弦樂(lè)隊(duì)。
[短語(yǔ)牢記](méi)　記牢下列短語(yǔ)
charge...for...　索價(jià)，要價(jià)
charge sb with (doing) sth 指控某人(做)某事
in charge (of) 負(fù)責(zé)，主管(表主動(dòng))
in the charge of sb 由某人負(fù)責(zé)(表被動(dòng))
free of charge 免費(fèi)
①He took charge of the farm after his father’s death.
父親去世后他掌管了這家農(nóng)場(chǎng)。
②He charged me five yuan for repairing my bike.
他修我的自行車收費(fèi)五元錢(qián)。
③All the drinks including beer are free of charge.
全部飲料包括啤酒在內(nèi)都是免費(fèi)的。
[鞏固內(nèi)化]
單句語(yǔ)法填空/完成句子
①She was charged with parking against rules.
②Class Five is in__the__charge__of__Miss Li；that is to say，Miss Li is in__charge__of Class Five.
五班由李老師負(fù)責(zé)，也就是說(shuō)，李老師負(fù)責(zé)五班。
③Our information and services are free__of__charge．
我們的信息和服務(wù)是免費(fèi)的。

1.For more than an hour, Beethoven jumped about in front of the orchestra，waving his arms wildly in the air, and madly turning the pages of his score.(教材P15)
貝多芬在樂(lè)隊(duì)前面跳了一個(gè)多小時(shí)，在空中瘋狂地?fù)]舞著雙臂，瘋狂地翻動(dòng)著樂(lè)譜。
[句式解讀]　句中waving his arms wildly in the air和madly turning the pages of his score是現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)，作伴隨狀語(yǔ)。本句中Beethoven與wave和turn之間為主動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以用waving 和turning。
[用法總結(jié)]
(1)現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，分詞和句子的主語(yǔ)存在邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系。
(2)現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)還可以作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)、原因狀語(yǔ)、條件狀語(yǔ)、讓步狀語(yǔ)、結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)、方式狀語(yǔ)等。
①Hearing the bad news, he burst into tears.
聽(tīng)到這個(gè)壞消息，他突然大哭起來(lái)。(時(shí)間狀語(yǔ))
②He came running back to tell me the news.
他跑回來(lái)告訴我這個(gè)消息。(方式狀語(yǔ))
③Being poor，many children of the mountain areas can’t go to school.
因?yàn)楦F，山區(qū)的很多孩子不能上學(xué)。(原因狀語(yǔ))
④Working hard，you’ll surely succeed.只要努力，你肯定能成功。(條件狀語(yǔ)),[鞏固內(nèi)化]
①The little boy sat under the tree，reading__a__story．
那個(gè)小男孩坐在樹(shù)下，讀一本故事書(shū)。
②They came into the classroom, talking__and__laughing．
他們談笑著走進(jìn)了教室。
③He sat in the armchair, reading__a__newspaper．
他坐在扶手椅里讀報(bào)。
④Having__eaten__his__dinner，the boy rushed out.
那男孩吃完了飯就跑出去了。
2.It was not until Caroline Unger, one of the singers, took his arm and turned him to face the audience that the great man realised his symphony was a success.(教材P15)直到其中一位歌手卡洛琳·昂格爾挽起他的手臂，讓他轉(zhuǎn)過(guò)身來(lái)面對(duì)觀眾，這位偉人才意識(shí)到他的交響曲獲得了成功。
[句式解讀]　句中It was not until ...that...為強(qiáng)調(diào)句型，其結(jié)構(gòu)為“It is/was＋被強(qiáng)調(diào)成分＋that/who＋其他成分”。
[用法總結(jié)]
強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的結(jié)構(gòu)為“It is/was＋被強(qiáng)調(diào)成分＋that/who＋其他成分”，強(qiáng)調(diào)句型可以用來(lái)強(qiáng)調(diào)主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)和狀語(yǔ)等句子成分。
①I(mǎi)t was on Monday night that all these happened.(強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ))
這一切都發(fā)生在周一晚上。
②It was Mary that/who I met in the street.(強(qiáng)調(diào)賓語(yǔ))
我在街上遇見(jiàn)的是瑪麗。
③It was I that/who met Mary in the street.(強(qiáng)調(diào)主語(yǔ))
是我在街上遇見(jiàn)了瑪麗。
④It was in the street that I met Mary.(強(qiáng)調(diào)地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ))
我是在街上遇見(jiàn)瑪麗的。
[名師提醒]
(1)判斷句子是否為強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的方法：去掉it is/was與that/who，剩余部分若結(jié)構(gòu)完整、句意明確，則為強(qiáng)調(diào)句型，否則不是。
(2)被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分可以是主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)和狀語(yǔ)等句子成分，當(dāng)被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分是人時(shí)，可用who代替that，其他情況一般用that。,[鞏固內(nèi)化]　單句語(yǔ)法填空/同義句轉(zhuǎn)換
①Was it yesterday that__he met Li Ping?
②When and where was (be)it that you were born?
③He didn’t go to bed until/till his wife came back.
→It was not__until__his wife came back that he went to bed.

Ⅰ.課文語(yǔ)法填空
Beethoven was born in Germany.He is regarded 1.as one of the greatest composers in the history of music.Unfortunately, he 2.lost (lose) his hearing in his twenties.He didn’t give up, but he continued to write music until his death in 1827.Beethoven produced some 3.amazing(amaze) pieces, including his Symphony No.9 in D minor.
One day in February 1824, Beethoven’s ninth symphony was 4.finally__(final) completed.Before the performance, Beethoven was afraid that the performance would be 5.a__disaster.After all, he could not hear his orchestra—even if he is a musical genius.
The audience did not hesitate 6.to__clap (clap) and cheer loudly as Beethoven walked out onto the stage.For more than an hour, Beethoven jumped about in front of the orchestra, 7.waving(wave) his arms wildly in the air, and madly turning the pages of his score.
As the final, joyous note signalled the end of the symphony, the audience jumped to their 8.feet__(foot), clapping, cheering and waving their hats.But Beethoven continued conducting, his head buried in the score.It was not until one of the singers, took his arm and turned him to face the audience 9.that Beethoven realised his symphony was a success.The audience was shocked, most of 10.whom had no idea that Beethoven was deaf!
Ⅱ.根據(jù)提示完成課堂小作文
彼特被他的同學(xué)認(rèn)為是(be regarded as)一位了不起的歌手。他以唱流行歌曲而聞名(be famous for)全校。不幸的是在他20多歲的時(shí)候(in his twenties)，他因車禍?zhǔn)チ穗p手(lose his hands)。他第一次(for the first time)陷入(be buried in)了悲痛之中。對(duì)他來(lái)說(shuō)這好像是一個(gè)災(zāi)難(disaster)。但是，老師和同學(xué)們的鼓勵(lì)增加(add to)了他戰(zhàn)勝困難的決心。他毫不猶豫地(without hesitation)重新開(kāi)始他新的生活。大多數(shù)人不知道(have no idea)他為克服自身的殘疾到底付出了多少艱辛。但是，他最終還是主宰了(take charge of)自己的命運(yùn)，并且取得了成功。
Peter__is__regarded__as__an__amazing__singer__by__his__schoolmates.He__is__famous__for__singing__popular__songs__in__the__whole__school.It__was__not__fortunate__that__in__his__twenties__he__lost__his__hands__in__a__traffic__accident.For__the__first__time__he__was__buried__in__bitterness.It__seemed__like__a__disaster__for__him.But__the__encouragement__from__his__teachers__and__schoolmates__added__to__his__determination__to__overcome__difficulties.He__started__a__new__life__without__hesitation.Most__of__people__had__no__idea__how__hard__he__overcame__his__disability.But__finally__he__took__charge__of__his__own__fortune__and__got__success.

構(gòu)詞法


一、構(gòu)詞法的分類
1．派生：即把詞根加上前綴或后綴，得出一個(gè)新的單詞。
rich adj.富有的→enrich v．豐富　home n．家→homeless adj.無(wú)家可歸的
2．轉(zhuǎn)換：即同一單詞具有多種詞性。
back n．背→back v．支持　slow adj.慢的→slow v．減慢
You can use the water in the ditch to water the flowers.
你可以用溝里的水澆花。
3．合成：即由兩個(gè)單詞合成一個(gè)單詞。
blackboard n．黑板　hand－made adj.手工制作的
二、常見(jiàn)派生詞綴
1．名詞后綴
(1)動(dòng)詞＋－ion/－tion/－sion→名詞(表示動(dòng)作或動(dòng)作過(guò)程)
correct v．改正；糾正→correction n．改正
celebrate v．慶?！鷆elebration n．慶祝；慶祝會(huì)
conclude v．推斷；結(jié)束→conclusion n．結(jié)論；結(jié)束
(2)動(dòng)詞＋－er/－or→名詞(表示從事某種職業(yè)或進(jìn)行某種活動(dòng)的人)
drive v．駕駛；驅(qū)趕→driver n．司機(jī)；駕駛員
gather v．聚集；采集 →gatherer n．收集者；采集者
conduct v．指揮；管理→conductor n．指揮；售票員
(3)動(dòng)詞＋－ment→名詞
punish v．懲罰→punishment n．懲罰
(4)動(dòng)詞/形容詞＋－th→名詞
warm adj.溫暖的→warmth n．溫暖　grow v．生長(zhǎng)→growth n．生長(zhǎng)
(5)形容詞＋－y→名詞
difficult adj.困難的→difficulty n．困難　honest adj.誠(chéng)實(shí)的→honesty n．誠(chéng)實(shí)
(6)形容詞＋－ness→名詞
kind adj.善良的 →kindness n．善良
(7)動(dòng)詞＋－ance→名詞
annoy vt.使煩惱→annoyance n．生氣；煩惱
(8)－ship結(jié)尾的名詞(表示身份；關(guān)系；資格)
member n．成員；會(huì)員→membership n．會(huì)員資格
professor n．教授→professorship n．教授身份
(9)－ing結(jié)尾的名詞
garden n．花園→gardening n．園藝　greet v．打招呼；問(wèn)候→greetings n．問(wèn)候
2．形容詞、副詞后綴
(1)常見(jiàn)形容詞后綴
①名詞＋－al→形容詞(表示“有……屬性”，“與……有關(guān)”)
agriculture n．農(nóng)業(yè)→agricultural adj.農(nóng)業(yè)的
②動(dòng)詞＋－ive→形容詞
decide v．決定；下決心→decisive adj.決定性的；關(guān)鍵的
③動(dòng)詞＋－able→形容詞(表示“能夠”“適于”“值得”)
change v．變化；兌換→changeable adj.易變的；變化無(wú)常的
④名詞＋－ful→形容詞　care n．小心；關(guān)心→careful adj.小心的；仔細(xì)的
⑤名詞＋－less→形容詞(意思與原名詞相反)
care n．小心；關(guān)心 →careless adj.粗心的
⑥名詞＋－ly→形容詞　friend n．朋友 →friendly adj.友好的
⑦名詞＋－y→形容詞　dirt n．污物；塵土 →dirty adj.臟的
⑧名詞＋－ous→形容詞　danger n．危險(xiǎn)→dangerous adj.危險(xiǎn)的
(2)副詞后綴
形容詞＋－ly→副詞　careful adj.仔細(xì)的→carefully adv.仔細(xì)地
(3)復(fù)合形容詞的構(gòu)成
①形容詞＋－ing分詞　easy－going隨和的
②形容詞＋名詞＋－ed　kind－h(huán)earted善良的；好心的
③名詞＋－ed分詞　water－covered被水覆蓋的
④副詞＋－ed分詞　well－written寫(xiě)得好的
⑤數(shù)詞＋名詞＋－ed　three－legged三條腿的
3．動(dòng)詞詞綴
(1)前綴－en＋形容詞→動(dòng)詞　enrich v．豐富　enlarge v．變大；增大；擴(kuò)大
(2)形容詞＋－en→動(dòng)詞　shorten v．縮短　widen v．加寬
(3)－fy結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞　simplify v．簡(jiǎn)化　classify v．歸類
(4)－ize結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞　realize v．認(rèn)識(shí)到　popularize v．普及
4．否定詞綴
(1)表示否定意義的前綴
①u(mài)n－不，非　　　　　　unable不能夠　　　　unlucky不幸的
②dis－不，非 dishonest不誠(chéng)實(shí)的 discontinuous不連貫的
③in－不，非 inactive不活躍的 incorrect不正確的
④im－不，非 impatient不耐煩的 impossible不可能的
⑤ir－不，非 irregular不規(guī)則的 irresponsible不負(fù)責(zé)任的
⑥il－不，非 illogical不合邏輯的 illegal非法的
⑦non－不，非 non－existent不存在的 non－stop直達(dá)的；連續(xù)不斷的
⑧mis－錯(cuò)誤 mislead 誤導(dǎo) misunderstand 誤解
⑨dis－＋動(dòng)詞(意義相反) dislike不喜歡 disagree 不同意
⑩un－＋動(dòng)詞(意義相反) uncover揭開(kāi) undress 脫衣服
(2)表示否定意義的后綴：名詞＋－less→否定意義的形容詞
use n．用處→useless adj.無(wú)用的
hope n．希望→hopeless 沒(méi)有希望的；絕望的
home n．家→homeless adj.無(wú)家可歸的
[鞏固內(nèi)化1]　單句語(yǔ)法填空
1．From the expression (express) on Mary’s face，he knew he left a bad impression(impress) on her.
2．If she won the election (elect) to become chairman of the Environment Organization (organize), he could not get her permission (permit) to join it.
3．He was willing to do his best to rid the world of pollution (pollute) and to help people enjoy a better earth.
4．“My dear, you are really a wonderful helper (help) ! I’m sure I will be the winner (win) of the election.”he said to his wife excitedly.
5．It was really a hard time when Li Ping first came to the United States.His earnings (earn) could hardly cover the expenses.
6．In Africa, poor nutrition caused the death(die) of the poor baby.
7．Thanks to his bravery (brave) and perseverance, he managed to gain the citizenship (citizen) of the United States and in the end he had his permanent settlement (settle)．
8．He always tells his children like this：Perseverance leads to happiness__(happy) and success.
[鞏固內(nèi)化2]
Ⅰ.寫(xiě)出加黑單詞的漢語(yǔ)意思
1．You can find all the supplies，such as boxes, packing tape and more at truck rental.租賃
2．The good working condition in this city is attractive.吸引人的
3．You can rely on him because he is reliable.可依賴的；靠得住的
4．Her words struck fear into her heart so that she was sleepless all night long, afraid of being killed unexpectedly some day.沒(méi)有睡覺(jué)的；不眠的
5．It was a frosty cold morning when he set off for the remote village.有霜的
6．As we know，the Antarctic is an ice－covered continent.冰雪覆蓋的
7．Everybody says Lily is an easy－going girl，so she has many friends.隨和的
8．The old man’s sun－burnt face suggested he had worked hard in the field in summer.被太陽(yáng)曬黑的
Ⅱ.單句語(yǔ)法填空
1．Lucy likes talking and everybody says she is greatly (great) communicative.
2．Go to the gate carefully (careful), but try not to touch the dog.
3．Her classmates find her answers quite impressive (impress) and acceptable (accept)．
4．Lucy has many friends who think Lucy is a creative (create) and helpful__(help) girl.
5．It’s said that the boy once was a homeless (home)child.
6．She is friendly (friend) to those who have difficulty with their subjects.
7．All in all, Lucy is the most famous__(fame) girl in her school.
8．We think that we can finally(final) get out of this dirty (dirt) place.
[鞏固內(nèi)化3]　單句語(yǔ)法填空
1．Try your best to memorize (memory) these new words.
2．The question must be simplified (simple) so that we can find out a solution to it.
3．It costs a lot of money if we plan to purify__(pure) the waste water.
4．He quickened(quick) his steps to arrive home earlier.
5．You can enlarge (large) your vocabulary if you keep on memorizing some new words every day.
[鞏固內(nèi)化4]　單句語(yǔ)法填空
1．The speech seemed to be non－stop (stop) and the listeners became very impatient (patient) and left the meeting room one by one.
2．It’s said that oil is non－renewable (renewable)．
3．The audience thought what he said was impractical (practical) and unbearable (bearable) so they wouldn’t listen to him.
4．We all disbelieved__what he promised.
5．We feel that this is irresponsible to customers.
6．I hope we have no misunderstandings__ between us.

Ⅰ.單句語(yǔ)法填空
1．Jack came home with a bloody (blood) nose.
2．If you describe someone as charming(charm), you mean they behave in a friendly, pleasant way that makes people like them.
3．Lie down on your bed and make yourself comfortable(comfort)．
4．They are going to take active( act ) steps to protect the wild animals.
5．The prisoners who escaped are violent and dangerous(danger)．
6．This kind of paper is weekly(week) newspaper because it is published once a week.And it costs you much less than that one.
7．If you want to sell your old sofa, why not put an advertisement(advertise) in the local paper?
8．On the __twentieth(twenty) of February we went to have a picnic in the park.
9．Shorten__(short) this report to 2000 words because it is too long.
10．Only in this way can I simplify(simple) my task.
Ⅱ.語(yǔ)篇填空
Newspaper is a publication devoted 1.chiefly (chief) to presenting and commenting on the news.Newspapers provide an excellent means of keeping people well informed on current events.They also play an 2.extremely (extreme) important role in shaping public opinion.
Newspapers have certain advantages over other major news media—television, radio, the Internet, and news－magazines.For example, newspapers can cover more news in much greater detail than television and radio newscasts.News－magazines focus on chief 3.national (nation) and international events.But newspapers report local as well as national and international news and newspapers offer the public some 4.humorous (humor) stories and attractive stories about 5.wealthy (wealth) or famous people as well as 6.foolish (fool) little persons.
However，newspapers also have evident disadvantages.Due to the scientific 7.advancement (advance) and technical progress, the Internet and radio news travel more 8.swiftly (swift) than newspapers.Besides，the 9.useful (use)news is more 10.accessible (access) to the public through the radio and cell phones or portable computers.
A large daily newspaper provides a great variety of information.News stories cover the latest developments in such fields as government，politics，sports，science, business and arts.Other news stories report crimes, disasters, and special events, human interest and etc.Producing a daily newspaper requires great speed and 11.efficiency (efficient)．Reporters, correspondents，editors，and photographers work under the constant pressure of deadlines.A large daily also employs many other 12.employees (employ)，including advertising salespeople，13.artists (art)，librarians, printing－press 14.operators (operate)，and truck 15.drivers (drive).
Ⅰ.單詞拼寫(xiě)
1．The policeman raised his hand as a signal(信號(hào)) to stop.
2．The valley is three miles long and half a mile broad(寬) .
3．If you can do that, you can come through the tense(緊張的) situations.
4．Genius (天才) without education is like silver in the mine.
5．I will not let minor__(小的) issues disturb my work.
6．The child asks his parents to buy him a piano(鋼琴)．
7．When I was in trouble, she didn’t hesitate(猶豫) to give me a hand.
8．Her father was the best conductor(指揮家)in China.
9．He went backstage(后臺(tái))and asked for her autograph.
10．The talks proceeded(進(jìn)行)in a friendly atmosphere.
Ⅱ.單句語(yǔ)法填空
1．Please don’t hesitate to__contact(contact) me if you have any questions.
2．Hearing(hear) the soft footsteps outside his room below, he rose and felt afraid.
3．I want you to take charge of this operation.
4．All the afternoon he worked with the door locked(lock)．
5．It was yesterday that he realized that he had made a big mistake.
6．The peasants kept on working even __if/though it was raining heavily.
7．We were all shocked(shock) at the news that our team failed in the last match.
8．Having a bath after a long time of work is __joyous__(joy)．
9．Who will work as the conductor(conduct) in the music competition?
10．The children were very excited when they heard they would go to the Great Wall for the first time.
11．Can you tell me the ending (end)of the movie that you watched yesterday?
12．Do you like the performance (perform)that was put on last week?
Ⅲ.閱讀理解
Opera is an art form that celebrates the human voice.No other art form creates excitement and moves the heart in the way that opera does，especially when performed by a great singer.Opera is an important part of the Western classical music tradition.It uses music, words, and actions to bring a dramatic story to life.Opera started in Italy at the end of the 16th century and later became popular throughout Europe.Over the years, it has responded to various musicals.In recent decades, much wider audiences have been introduced to opera through modern recording technology.Some singers have become celebrities thanks to performing on radio, on TV, and in the cinema.

However, in recent years, opera has been facing serious challenges.One current challenge to opera is economics.The shortage of money raises the broader question of how much should be paid to support opera singers and other artists.Society seems to accept the large salaries paid to business managers and the multi－million－dollar contracts given to sports athletes.But what about opera singers? Somehow, people have the idea that artists can be creative only if they suffer in poverty, but this is unrealistic.If artists, including opera singers, lack the support they need, valuable talent is wasted.
Not only the shortage of money, but also the way money is managed in the opera world has led to hardships.Principal singers are generally paid performance fees once they complete a show.They typically receive nothing during the many weeks of rehearsal(排練) before a show starts.
Another problem faced by opera is how to meet the demands of audiences who are influenced by popular entertainment.Pop singers are often judged as much on the basis of how they look as how they sound.These demands may be unrealistic and possibly harmful.Opera singers simply cannot make a sound big enough to fill a large theater or concert hall without a microphone if their body weight is too low.Emphasizing physical appearance over singing ability may cause audiences to miss out on the human voice at its best.
There are no easy solutions to opera’s problems and there are many different opinions about the value of opera.However, every year many young people register for music courses with hopes and dreams of developing their talent in this special art form.The fact that opera has survived many obstacles and continues to attract the rising generation shows that it remains a respectable art form full of value.
【語(yǔ)篇解讀】　本文主要討論了歌劇所面臨的挑戰(zhàn)和困難。
1．Which of the statements is TRUE according to the passage?
A．Opera singers’ life stories are dramatic.
B．Opera will soon appear on TV and in films.
C．Opera fans thank celebrities for performing.
D．Opera develops by adapting to new conditions.
答案　D　[推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中的“Over the years, it has responded to various musicals.”可推知，歌劇適應(yīng)新的狀況而得以發(fā)展，故選D。]
2．What can we know from Paragraphs 2 and 3?
A．Opera singers are financially insecure.
B．Opera singers waste their valuable talent.
C．Opera singers get paid before the show.
D．Opera singers perform better if they are poor.
答案　A　[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的第二句以及第三段第一句可知，歌劇演唱家的經(jīng)濟(jì)是有問(wèn)題的，不穩(wěn)定的，故選A。]
3．What does the author try to say in Paragraph 4?
A．Popular culture has had a positive influence on opera.
B．Audiences know best how opera should be performed.
C．Microphones should be used to make opera more enjoyable.
D．Opera singers’ voices should be valued more than their looks.
答案　D　[推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段最后一句可知，歌劇演唱家的聲音要比外貌重要得多，故選D。]
4．What would be the best title for this passage?
A．The Economic Challenge to Opera
B．Opera Faced with the Difficulties
C．Opera as Part of Popular Culture
D．The Historical Context of Opera
答案　B　[標(biāo)題歸納題。根據(jù)最后一段第一句并結(jié)合全文的整體內(nèi)容可知，本文主要討論的是歌劇所面臨的問(wèn)題和挑戰(zhàn)，故選B。]
Ⅳ.七選五
China is making great effort to protect its cultural relics.In early May，State Administration of Cultural Heritage (SACH) added 1, 943 unmovable cultural relics sites to the list.So the number of these sites on this list will increase to 4，295.__1__
The newly added sites were reviewed(評(píng)審) by more than 130 experts.They spread around Shanxi，Henan，Hunan，Hebei and Jiangsu provinces, including 795 pieces of ancient architecture and 516 ancient ruins.__2__ In an interview，the head of the SACH said that new types of cultural relics sites have been newly listed to get protection at first，including industrial relics, rural architecture and cultural landscapes.__3__ For example, some are in the north China’s Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region.
Despite great achievements during the years of effort，problems still exist.__4__ Historic relics get stolen and antiques are taken abroad secretly.The head of the SACH said that people had faced a challenge to the protection of cultural relics for a long time.So, balancing the relationship between economic development and protection of history is important.__5__ He also used good examples of protection, describing how some cultural relics sites have become education bases for young people and popular tourist places, where a lot of people spend their holiday.
A．All of them need protecting as quickly as possible.
B．They also include outstanding modern architecture.
C．The SACH has found a total of 4, 295 cultural relics.
D．Many relics have been destroyed in the process of urban construction.
E．Cultural relics sites should become positive factors to improve economic development.
F．When talking about protecting the cultural relics, the head of SACH ordered some to be saved.
G．Moreover, many of the new sites also include valuable cultural relics from ethnic minority regions(少數(shù)民族地區(qū))．
【語(yǔ)篇解讀】　本文主要介紹的是國(guó)家文物局把一些文化遺產(chǎn)增加到名單中，以使這些文化遺產(chǎn)得到很好的保護(hù)。
1．A　[中國(guó)在文化遺產(chǎn)保護(hù)方面一直在努力，今年又在不可移動(dòng)文化遺址名單上增加了1 943處，它們都需要盡快地得到保護(hù)。故選A。]
2．B　[根據(jù)前面的including 795 pieces of ancient architecture and 516 ancient ruins可知，這些新增加的文化遺產(chǎn)包括795件古代建筑式樣和516處古代廢墟。為保持文意連貫，此處應(yīng)是對(duì)此話題的進(jìn)一步說(shuō)明——它們也包括一些杰出的現(xiàn)代建筑式樣。故選B。]
3．G　[根據(jù)后面的For example, some are in the north China’s Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region可知，此處說(shuō)的是少數(shù)民族地區(qū)的一些有價(jià)值的文化遺產(chǎn)。故選G。]
4．D　[根據(jù)前面的problems still exist可以判斷出，此處應(yīng)為在文物保護(hù)工作中遇到的問(wèn)題。故選D。]
5．E　[本段說(shuō)的是人類應(yīng)該在經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展和保護(hù)文化遺產(chǎn)之間取得平衡。只有E項(xiàng)“文化遺產(chǎn)應(yīng)該成為增進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的積極因素”與段落大意相吻合。]
Ⅴ.語(yǔ)法填空
Hundreds of beautifully decorated dragon boats are taken to rivers 1.________ (celebrate) the memory of the great poet Qu Yuan.In rivers across the country, dragon races 2.________ (hold) on the fifth day of the fifth month of the lunar calendar.The festival is also a time to eat zongzi, 3.________ traditional dish of rice and fruit 4.________ (wrap) in bamboo leaves.According 5.________ the story of Qu Yuan, people would throw zongzi into the water so that the fish 6.________ (eat) the rice instead of the poet.The festival is also celebrated to protect people from bad luck and 7.________ (ill)．Healthy herbs are sometimes hung on the front door and nutritious drinks are prepared.Some people believe that 8.________ an egg is balanced on its end at 9.________ (exact) 12：00 noon, it means that the 10.________ (come) year will be good.
【語(yǔ)篇解讀】　本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日“端午節(jié)”中一些慶?；顒?dòng)的由來(lái)及活動(dòng)細(xì)節(jié)。
1．to celebrate　[考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。此處是不定式作目的狀語(yǔ)，指賽龍舟的目的是紀(jì)念偉大的詩(shī)人屈原。故填to celebrate。]
2．a(chǎn)re held　[考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)。句中主語(yǔ)dragon races和動(dòng)詞hold是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，指賽龍舟被舉行。賽龍舟的日期是固定的一種習(xí)慣，用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。故用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)are held。]
3．a(chǎn)　[考查冠詞。此處表泛指，指粽子是一種傳統(tǒng)的食物。故填a。]
4．wrapped　[考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。rice and fruit與wrap之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用過(guò)去分詞wrapped作后置定語(yǔ)。]
5．to　[考查固定短語(yǔ)。according to “根據(jù)，按照”是固定短語(yǔ)，此處指根據(jù)屈原的故事，故填to。]
6．would eat　[考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。此處指人們把粽子扔進(jìn)河里為了魚(yú)吃米就不再吃屈原的尸體。根據(jù)主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞would throw可知，此處填would eat。]
7．illnesses　[考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換?？崭裉幒蚥ad luck并列，故應(yīng)用名詞形式。句意：端午節(jié)也是為了慶祝人們遠(yuǎn)離不幸和疾病。故填名詞illnesses。]
8．if　[考查連詞。句意：如果一個(gè)雞蛋在正午12點(diǎn)能夠立住，就意味著來(lái)年好運(yùn)。此處表示條件，故填if。]
9．exactly　[考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。此處修飾12：00 noon，表示“正好12點(diǎn)”，用副詞。故填exactly。]
10．coming　[考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。the coming year “來(lái)年，即將到來(lái)的一年”，故填coming。]