考點(diǎn)一 一般時(shí)態(tài)
考點(diǎn)二 進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)
考點(diǎn)三 完成時(shí)態(tài)
考點(diǎn)四 完成進(jìn)行時(shí)
考點(diǎn)五 被動(dòng)語態(tài)
考點(diǎn)六 主謂一致
考點(diǎn)一 一般時(shí)態(tài)
(一)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)
1.表示經(jīng)常發(fā)生的、習(xí)慣性的、反復(fù)出現(xiàn)的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。常與表示習(xí)慣的副詞(詞組)always, every time, nw and then, ccasinally, ften, seldm, never, smetimes, usually, every day/night等連用。
On Mnday mrnings it usually takes me an hur t drive t wrk althugh the actual distance is nly 20 miles. 周一早晨開車上班我一般要花費(fèi)一個(gè)小時(shí),雖然實(shí)際距離只有20英里。
2.按時(shí)間表、時(shí)刻表、日程表等安排將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作,用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。只限于g, arrive, leave, start, stay, return, begin, cme, clse等動(dòng)詞。
The shp clses at 11:00 p.m.every day.這家商店每天晚上11點(diǎn)關(guān)門。
3.如果主句用一般將來時(shí),那么在時(shí)間、條件或讓步狀語從句中,用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來。
The president hpes that the peple will be better ff when he quits than when he started.這位總統(tǒng)希望人民在他離任時(shí)比他剛上任時(shí)更富有。
基礎(chǔ)題
1.His parents hpe he can fllw his heart when he (選擇) his jb.
答案 chses/picks 考查一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)?!斑x擇”用chse/pick 來表示,設(shè)空處作時(shí)間狀語從句的謂語,由主句謂語動(dòng)詞hpe可知,此處也應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),時(shí)間狀語從句主語he為第三人稱單數(shù),謂語動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用第三人稱單數(shù)形式。故答案為 chses/picks。
2.Chinese Language Day n April 20th every year, the same day as Guyu.(fall)
答案 falls 考查一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。根據(jù)本句中的時(shí)間狀語n April 20th every year可知,謂語動(dòng)詞用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),主語Chinese Language Day 為第三人稱單數(shù),故填falls。
3.Wrry is a ttal waste f time. It (nt change) anything.
答案 desn’t change 根據(jù)“Wrry is a ttal waste f time.”可知,時(shí)態(tài)為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),根據(jù)括號(hào)中的英文提示可知,該句為否定句,主語為It,故填desn’t change。
(二)一般過去時(shí)
1.表示過去一段時(shí)間內(nèi)經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作。常與ften, usually, seldm 等表示頻度的副詞連用。還可以表示在過去某一時(shí)間所發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài),與現(xiàn)在沒有關(guān)系,常與yesterday, the ther day, last week, the day befre yesterday等過去的時(shí)間狀語連用。
A few mnths after he had arrived in China, Mr.Smith fell in lve with the peple and culture there. 史密斯先生到中國幾個(gè)月后,就喜歡上了那里的人和文化。
2. 有些句子,雖然沒有明確的表示過去的時(shí)間狀語,但實(shí)際上指的是過去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài),也要用一般過去時(shí)。常見的此類動(dòng)詞有knw, think, expect, want等。
Edward, yu play s well.But I didn’t knw yu played the pian.愛德華,你彈得真好。但是我原來不知道你會(huì)彈鋼琴。
基礎(chǔ)題
1.Five minutes ag, Linda (鎖) the dr and left with her mum.
答案 lcked 考查一般過去時(shí)。根據(jù)前面的時(shí)間狀語Five minutes ag可知?jiǎng)釉~用過去式。
2.Hb has just mved here and this is the third time he has (迷失)his way.
答案 lst 考查現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。根據(jù)中文提示可知,此處填lse的適當(dāng)形式;根據(jù)空前的has可知,要填lse的過去分詞形式lst。
3. I (hear) frm my parents nce a mnth when I was at primary schl.
答案 heard 根據(jù)“when I was at primary schl”可知,敘述的事情發(fā)生在過去,用一般過去時(shí)。hear的過去式為heard。故填heard。
4.Qi Baishi (start) t learn painting by himself at a yung age and finally achieved a great success.
答案 started 根據(jù)at a yung age可知時(shí)態(tài)為一般過去時(shí),動(dòng)詞start的過去式為started。故填started。
5.As sn as Mum gt hme yesterday, she (hang) her cat behind the dr and went t the kitchen t prepare supper.
答案 hung 根據(jù)yesterday可知,時(shí)態(tài)是一般過去時(shí),此處hang表示“懸掛”,過去式是hung,故填hung。
(三)一般將來時(shí)
1.“shall/will+動(dòng)詞原形”表示現(xiàn)在看來以后要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài),常與表示將來的時(shí)間狀語tmrrw, next year, in+一段時(shí)間等連用。其中shall通常用于第一人稱,will通常用于各種人稱?!皐ill+動(dòng)詞原形”還可以表示說話時(shí)臨時(shí)做出的決定。
The students have been wrking hard n their lessns and their effrts will be rewarded with success in the end. 學(xué)生們一直在刻苦學(xué)習(xí)功課,他們的努力(將來)一定會(huì)得到回報(bào)。
—What time is it? ——幾點(diǎn)了?
—I have n idea.But just a minute, I will check it fr yu. ——我不知道。但是請(qǐng)稍等,我給您查查。
2.“be ging t+動(dòng)詞原形”表示按計(jì)劃、打算要做某事或根據(jù)某種跡象預(yù)示著要發(fā)生某事。
Dr.Smith, tgether with his wife and daughters, is ging t visit Beijing this summer. 史密斯博士將在今年夏天與他的妻子和女兒們一起游覽北京。
Lk, dark cluds are gathering.It is ging t rain sn, I think. 瞧,烏云正在聚集,我想快要下雨了。
3.“be t+動(dòng)詞原形”表示按計(jì)劃或安排即將發(fā)生的動(dòng)作;也可表示職責(zé)、義務(wù)、意圖、禁止等。
Yu are t hand in yur papers by 10 ’clck.到10點(diǎn)你必須得上交試卷。
A meeting is t be held at 3 ’clck this afternn.會(huì)議將于今天下午3點(diǎn)舉行。
4.“be abut t+動(dòng)詞原形”表示正要或即將要做某事,該結(jié)構(gòu)不與表示具體的將來時(shí)間狀語連用,可以和并列連詞when(=and at this/that time)引導(dǎo)的從句連用。
Tm was abut t clse the windws when his attentin was caught by a bird.湯姆正要關(guān)上窗戶,就在這時(shí)一只鳥引起了他的注意。
基礎(chǔ)題
1.—Amy, d yu knw hw t make a QR cde?
—Of curse. I (shw) yu the steps.
答案 will shw 根據(jù)語境可知,此處指將向你展示步驟,應(yīng)用一般將來時(shí)。故填will shw。
2.Keep yur eyes pen, r yu (miss) the mst exciting mment f the magic.
答案 will miss 這是“祈使句+r+陳述句”的結(jié)構(gòu),在此結(jié)構(gòu)中,r后的句子用一般將來時(shí),此處表達(dá)“睜大你的眼睛,否則你將會(huì)……”,故填will miss。
3.But surely, peple believe, his dream (cme) true in the near future.
答案 will cme 考查一般將來時(shí)。根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語in the near future可知用一般將來時(shí)。故填will cme。
4.As lng as yu put in mre effrt, yu prgress in yur schlwrk.(make)
答案 will make 句意:只要你付出更多的努力,你的功課就會(huì)進(jìn)步??仗幾髦^語,本句含有條件狀語從句,時(shí)態(tài)遵循“主將從現(xiàn)”原則,所以主句用一般將來時(shí)。故填will make。
一般時(shí)提高題
單句語法填空
1.This ancient Chinese art, knwn as dragn scale bkbinding (裝訂), ________ (stretch) back mre than 1,000 years t the Tang dynasty.[2023·武漢市部分學(xué)校調(diào)研]
2.In the race, a drummer ________ (use) a large traditinal wden drum t keep the paddlers n the beat, while a steersman in the back keeps them in their lane.[2023·南京市高三年級(jí)學(xué)情調(diào)研]
3.Accrding t the latest data, the ttal area f China's mangrve frests in 2020 ________ (be) 289 square kilmeters, and ver 70 square kilmeters f mangrves are newly planted and restred nw.[2023·山東省高三百師聯(lián)盟聯(lián)考]
1.答案與解析:stretches 動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)、語態(tài)和主謂一致。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,空處在本句中作謂語。此處描述了一個(gè)客觀事實(shí),時(shí)態(tài)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí);stretch back意為“追溯到”,無被動(dòng);主語This ancient Chinese art為單數(shù)概念。故填stretches。
2.答案與解析:uses 動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致。根據(jù)該句中的“keeps”,再結(jié)合句意可知,該句陳述的是風(fēng)俗習(xí)慣,故用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí);該句主語是a drummer,為第三人稱單數(shù),故用uses。
3.答案與解析:was 考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意:根據(jù)最新數(shù)據(jù),2020年中國紅樹林總面積為289平方公里。根據(jù)in 2020可知用一般過去時(shí)態(tài),結(jié)合主語the ttal area“面積”,為不可數(shù)名詞。
考點(diǎn)二 進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)
(一)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)
1.表示說話時(shí)正在進(jìn)行或表示現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作,雖然此時(shí)此刻該動(dòng)作不一定正在進(jìn)行。
We are facing tday a strange new wrld and we are all wndering what we are ging t d with it.
我們今天面對(duì)的是一個(gè)陌生的新世界,并且我們都在想我們將要怎么對(duì)待它。
2.表示位置轉(zhuǎn)移的動(dòng)詞,如g, cme, leave, start, arrive, return, wrk, sleep, stay, have, wear, run ut等,可用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示即將發(fā)生或計(jì)劃要做的事。
Fd supplies in the fld-stricken area are running ut.We must act immediately befre there’s nne left. 洪災(zāi)區(qū)的食物供給快要用完了。我們必須在食物吃完前立刻行動(dòng)。
基礎(chǔ)題
1.he whle twn is c the pening f the new bridge with a huge party.
答案 celebrating 考查現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)。根據(jù)后文中的party可知?jiǎng)釉~是慶祝celebrate,根據(jù)前文is可知,此處是現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí),注意要去掉celebrate結(jié)尾不發(fā)音的e再加?ing,故填celebrating。
2.It seems that families are mre and mre time tgether.(spend)
答案 spending 考查現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)。根據(jù)語境可知,spend與其主語families為主動(dòng)關(guān)系,結(jié)合空前的are可知句子只能為現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí),設(shè)空處應(yīng)填spend的?ing形式,故填spending。
3.Lk! The children (circle) a rbt, talking abut science develpment.
答案 are circling 考查現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)。根據(jù)“Lk!”可知,此句用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí),空格處填are circling。指孩子們正圍著一個(gè)機(jī)器人。
4.—Hell, is that James speaking?
—Srry, this is Jhn. James (have) supper.
答案 is having 根據(jù)語境可知,打電話時(shí)詹姆斯正在吃晚餐,所以用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí),故填is having。
5.—Why are yu s busy the whle afternn?
—We (plan) t have a fashin shw fr pr children this Friday.
答案 are planning 根據(jù)“Why are yu s busy the whle afternn?”可知,此處詢問下午這個(gè)時(shí)間段內(nèi)正在做的事情,應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí);主語We是復(fù)數(shù),故填are planning。
(二)過去進(jìn)行時(shí)
1.表示過去某一時(shí)刻或某一段時(shí)間內(nèi)正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作,常與表示過去的時(shí)間狀語從句以及時(shí)間狀語at that time, at that mment, at this time yesterday, at ten ’clck yesterday等連用。
Susan had quit her well-paid jb and was wrking as a vlunteer in the neighbrhd when I visited her last year. 蘇珊已經(jīng)辭去了高薪的工作。去年當(dāng)我探望她的時(shí)候,她正在一個(gè)社區(qū)里做志愿者。
2.表示一個(gè)過去的動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行時(shí),另一個(gè)過去的動(dòng)作發(fā)生了,常與when, while引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句連用。
Jack was wrking in the lab when the pwer cut ccurred. 突然斷電時(shí),杰克正在實(shí)驗(yàn)室里工作。
基礎(chǔ)題
1.—Andy, what were yu ding at this time yesterday afternn?
—I the film The Battle at Lake Changjin with my sister.
A.watch B.watched
C.was watching D.am watching
答案 C 考查過去進(jìn)行時(shí)。由時(shí)間狀語at this time yesterday afternn可知此處描述昨天下午某一時(shí)刻正在做的事,應(yīng)該使用過去進(jìn)行時(shí)。過去進(jìn)行時(shí)的構(gòu)成:was/were+ding。故選C。
2.The farmer (harvest) crps in the field frm 8 a.m. t 1 p.m. yesterday.
答案 was harvesting 根據(jù)frm 8 a.m. t 1 p.m. yesterday可知,此處表示在過去的某一時(shí)間段內(nèi)動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行,用過去進(jìn)行時(shí),主語是The farmer,be動(dòng)詞用was。故填was harvesting。
3.While we (eat) breakfast, Claudi went upstairs t cllect his things.
答案 were eating 考查過去進(jìn)行時(shí)。關(guān)鍵詞While提示了設(shè)空處為進(jìn)行時(shí),由went可知應(yīng)該使用過去進(jìn)行時(shí)。故填were eating。
(三)將來進(jìn)行時(shí)
表示將來某一時(shí)刻或某一時(shí)間段正在發(fā)生或進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作,常與一些標(biāo)志性的時(shí)間狀語連用,如at this time tmrrw, by then, frm 1:30 t 4:30 tmrrw等。
Jane can’t attend the meeting at 3 ’clck this afternn because she will be teaching a class at that time.
簡不能參加今天下午三點(diǎn)的會(huì),因?yàn)槟莻€(gè)時(shí)間段她有課。
進(jìn)行時(shí)提高題
單句語法填空/完成句子
1.Nw the lcal authrities ________ (wrk) t standardize and mdernize peratins at the restaurants t turn the brand int a successful and safe fd business wrldwide.[2023·遼寧省五校聯(lián)考]
2.Listen! Mary ________________________.聽!瑪麗正在教室里唱一首英文歌。
3.He ________________________ frm 3:00 t 5:00 yesterday afternn.昨天下午從3點(diǎn)到5點(diǎn)他一直在家看電視。
4.They ____________________ at the statin.他們會(huì)在車站接我們的。
1.答案與解析:are wrking 動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)、語態(tài)和主謂一致。根據(jù)句中的時(shí)間標(biāo)志詞“Nw”和語境可知,謂語動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí);主語the lcal authrities是復(fù)數(shù),與wrk之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系,故填are wrking。
2.is singing an English sng in the classrm
3.was watching TV at hme
4.will be meeting us
考點(diǎn)三 完成時(shí)態(tài)
(一)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)
1.表示發(fā)生在過去的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)到說話時(shí)剛剛完成或結(jié)束,而對(duì)現(xiàn)在仍有影響。常用的時(shí)間狀語有already, just, yet, never, befre, lately, recently, in the last(past) few days/years, up t nw, till nw, s far等。
The musician alng with his band members has given ten perfrmances in the last three mnths. 在過去的三個(gè)月里,這位音樂家和他的樂隊(duì)成員們已經(jīng)進(jìn)行了十場演出。
2.表示從過去某時(shí)開始而延續(xù)至今(可能還要延續(xù)下去)的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。常與since+時(shí)間點(diǎn), fr+時(shí)間段等表示一段時(shí)間的狀語連用。
—I remember yu were a talented pianist at cllege.Can yu play the pian fr me?
——我記得你在大學(xué)時(shí)是一位極有才華的鋼琴師。你能為我彈鋼琴嗎?
—Srry, I haven’t played the pian fr years.——抱歉,我已經(jīng)好多年沒有彈鋼琴了。
His first nvel has received gd reviews since it came ut last mnth. 他的第一部小說自上個(gè)月出版以來就獲得了很好的評(píng)價(jià)。
3.在條件和時(shí)間狀語從句中,用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示將來某時(shí)間前已完成的動(dòng)作。
Will yu cme t my ffice when yu have finished yur wrk? 你完成工作后到我辦公室來一下,好嗎?
名師點(diǎn)津
一般過去時(shí)和現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的區(qū)別
Mr.Smith has lived in Beijing fr 5 years.(現(xiàn)在還在北京住著)
Mr.Smith lived in Beijing fr 5 years.(現(xiàn)在已不在北京)
基礎(chǔ)題
1.—May I speak t Wang Li?
—Srry, she is nt at hme. She since last mnth.
A.left B.has left
C.has been away D.went away
答案 C 考查現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。leave是短暫性動(dòng)詞,be away是延續(xù)性的。根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語since last mnth可知,此處應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí),應(yīng)填延續(xù)性的has been away。故選C。
2.S far sme states in the USA (intrduce) a new way t avid this—Traffic Schl.
答案 have intrduced 考查現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。該空在句中作謂語,由S far可知,本句應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。主語states為復(fù)數(shù)形式,故填have intrduced。
3.The river has r several meters s far because f the rainstrms.
答案 risen 句意:到目前為止,由于暴雨,河水已經(jīng)上漲了數(shù)米。根據(jù)because f the rainstrms及首字母可知,暴雨造成河水上漲,此空應(yīng)填不及物動(dòng)詞rise“上升”,has與過去分詞構(gòu)成現(xiàn)在完成時(shí),故填risen。
4.Thrugh strytelling, my children's thinking skills a lt since they were 3 years ld.(develp)
答案 have develped 句意:通過講故事,從3歲起,我的孩子們的思維能力得到了很大的發(fā)展。根據(jù)“since they were 3 years ld”可知句子要用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。主語my children's thinking skills是復(fù)數(shù),故填have develped。
5.—Shall we g t the art exhibitin this Sunday?
—Gd idea, but I (prmise) t g t the library with my sister.
答案 have prmised 考查現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。根據(jù)答語可知,回答者是在這段對(duì)話之前許諾了和妹妹去圖書館,對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響是不能去藝術(shù)展,所以應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí),故填have prmised。
(二)過去完成時(shí)
1.表示在過去某一時(shí)間或某一動(dòng)作之前完成的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài),即過去的過去。句中一般有明確的表示“過去的過去”的時(shí)間狀語(從句)。但在語法填空題中很多時(shí)候需要通過上下文來判斷。
By the time Jack returned hme frm England, his sn had graduated frm cllege.杰克從英國回到家時(shí),他的兒子已經(jīng)大學(xué)畢業(yè)了。
2.表示從過去某一時(shí)間開始,一直延續(xù)到過去的另一時(shí)間的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài),常用的時(shí)間狀語有befre, by then, by that time, by the end f, by the time+從句等。
It tk me a lng time befre I was able t fully appreciate what they had dne fr me.
過了好久我才能夠完全理解他們?yōu)槲易瞿切┦隆?br>3.表示“愿望,打算”的動(dòng)詞(如hpe, want, expect, think, mean, suppse, plan, intend)用于過去完成時(shí)表示過去本打算實(shí)現(xiàn)而未實(shí)現(xiàn)的希望或計(jì)劃。
I had hped t send Peter a gift t cngratulate him n his marriage, but I culdn’t manage it.
我本希望送給彼得一個(gè)禮物祝賀他結(jié)婚了,但我沒能做到。
名師點(diǎn)津
常使用完成時(shí)的句型
(1)This/It/That is the +that sb.has/have dne;This/It/That was the +that sb.had dne 這是某人第幾次做某事。
(2)It/This is/was the+最高級(jí)+名詞+(that)定語從句,從句中的謂語用完成時(shí)。
(3)It is/has been+一段時(shí)間+since sb.did;It was/had been+一段時(shí)間+since sb.had dne sth.自從某人做某事以來多久了。
(4) 一……就……。主句用過去完成時(shí),從句用一般過去時(shí)。
考點(diǎn)四 完成進(jìn)行時(shí)
1.表示過去某一時(shí)刻之前開始的動(dòng)作或產(chǎn)生的狀態(tài)一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在,并有可能繼續(xù)下去,常見的時(shí)間狀語有all this mrning, this mnth, these few days, since和fr引導(dǎo)的狀語從句等。
I’m tired ut.I have been shpping all afternn and I dn’t seem t have finished anything. 我累壞了。我整個(gè)下午都在購物,我好像什么事也沒完成。
Tm has been wrking in the library every night ver the last three mnths.
在過去的三個(gè)月里,湯姆每天晚上都在圖書館工作。
2.所表示的動(dòng)作有時(shí)并不是一直在不停地進(jìn)行,而是在斷斷續(xù)續(xù)地重復(fù)。
The students have been wrking hard n their lessns and their effrts will be rewarded with success in the end. 學(xué)生們一直在刻苦學(xué)習(xí)功課,他們的努力(將來)一定會(huì)得到回報(bào)。
提高題
1.Since then, all gvernment units, rganizatins and streets cmmunities ________ (rganize) a yearly autumn trip fr thse wh have retired frm their psts.[2023·泰安市高考全真模擬]
2.In the past few years, the cuntry ________ (enhance) legal and technlgical supprt fr the prtectin f its wrld natural heritage, establishing a management system with Chinese characteristics.[2023·湖北省第一次質(zhì)量監(jiān)測(cè)]
3.Opening in July, the exhibitin will last fr three years. It is the first time that the Dunhuang Academy ________ (hld) such a lng exhibitin in Beijing.[2023·高三日照市校際聯(lián)合考試]
4.By the end f 2021, the “digital Dunhuang prject” ______________(cmplete) the digital cllectin f 268 grttes.[2023·聊城模擬]
1.答案與解析:have rganized/have been rganizing 考查時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致。句意:從那時(shí)起,所有政府單位、組織和街道社區(qū)每年都為退休人員組織一次秋季旅行。由“Since then”可知,句子時(shí)態(tài)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí),也可用現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)來表示這個(gè)事情將會(huì)繼續(xù)下去,故填have rganized/have been rganizing。
2.答案與解析:has enhanced 謂語動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)、語態(tài)和主謂一致。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,空處作謂語。結(jié)合時(shí)間狀語“In the past few years”可知,時(shí)態(tài)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí); the cuntry和enhance之間為主動(dòng)關(guān)系;主語the cuntry為第三人稱單數(shù)。故填has enhanced。
3.答案與解析:has held 動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)。句意:這是敦煌研究院第一次在北京舉辦這么長時(shí)間的展覽。在“It is the +從句”結(jié)構(gòu)中,從句中的謂語動(dòng)詞用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí);又因the Dunhuang Academy為第三人稱單數(shù),故填has held。
4.答案與解析:had cmpleted 由時(shí)間狀語“By the end f 2021”可知, 該句應(yīng)用過去完成時(shí)。
考點(diǎn)五 被動(dòng)語態(tài)
被動(dòng)語態(tài)的構(gòu)成為“be+過去分詞”, 被動(dòng)語態(tài)的構(gòu)成形式還有g(shù)et/becme+過去分詞。
只有及物動(dòng)詞或相當(dāng)于及物動(dòng)詞的短語才有被動(dòng)語態(tài),不及物動(dòng)詞或短語無被動(dòng)語態(tài)。
1.各種時(shí)態(tài)中被動(dòng)語態(tài)的構(gòu)成
2.被動(dòng)語態(tài)的用法
(1)不知道或沒有必要指明動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者
Attentin,please! A meeting will be held in the ffice at 8:00 a. m. tmrrw. Everyne is expected t attend n time.請(qǐng)注意!明天上午八點(diǎn)在辦公室召開會(huì)議。望大家準(zhǔn)時(shí)參加。
(2)強(qiáng)調(diào)或突出動(dòng)作的承受者
The wman was taken t hspital.那位女士被送進(jìn)了醫(yī)院。
(3)動(dòng)作執(zhí)行者被較長的修飾語修飾。
The idea was supprted by thse wh wished t make much mney.想掙許多錢的人們支持那個(gè)主意。
【名師指津】
①動(dòng)詞短語在含被動(dòng)語態(tài)的句子中作謂語時(shí),切不可丟掉后面的介詞或副詞。
The plan will be given up.這項(xiàng)計(jì)劃就要被放棄了。
Bad habits have been dne away with.壞習(xí)慣已經(jīng)改掉了。
②含情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語態(tài)形式是:情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+be+過去分詞
He must be prevented frm ging.必須阻止他去。
The plan ught t be put int practice as sn as pssible.這項(xiàng)計(jì)劃應(yīng)該盡早執(zhí)行。
③“get+過去分詞”可以表示被動(dòng),此結(jié)構(gòu)比較口語化。
The patient gt treated nce a week.那位病人一周治療一次。
He fell ff the car and gt killed.他從汽車上掉下來,摔死了。
3.主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)含義
(1)表示感受、感官的系動(dòng)詞如feel, sund, taste, lk等,后面跟形容詞、名詞構(gòu)成系表結(jié)構(gòu),常常以主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義,指其本身具有的屬性、特征等。
Her vice sunds beautiful.
(2)當(dāng)sell, read, draw, wash, write, pen, wear, run, burn等不及物動(dòng)詞后帶狀語(well/easily等)修飾,用來表示主語內(nèi)在的品質(zhì)或性能時(shí)用主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)含義。
The music isn't pleasant t listen t.這音樂不好聽。
This kind f radi desn't sell well.這種收音機(jī)銷路不好。
基礎(chǔ)題
1.iangsu autmatic(自動(dòng)的) test f listening and speaking (hld) in April every year.
答案 is held 考查一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)。由every year可知應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。Jiangsu autmatic test f listening and speaking是被舉辦的,故使用被動(dòng)語態(tài),test是單數(shù)形式,故填is held。
2.Yu (expect) t be mre rganized in high schl. S yu can keep a diary.
答案 are expected 考查一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)。此處表示你被期待更有條理,結(jié)合下一句“S yu can keep a diary.”可知,用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)。
3.It is said that this museum (name) after Qu Qiubai many years ag.
答案 was named 考查一般過去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)。從句中,主語this museum和謂語動(dòng)詞name是被動(dòng)關(guān)系,表示“被命名”,根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語many years ag可知,要用一般過去時(shí),所以填was named。be named after“以……的名字來命名”。
4.The plan they paid much attentin t (discuss) at tmrrw’s meeting.
答案 will be discussed 分析句子可知,“they paid much attentin t”是修飾The plan的定語從句,主語The plan和動(dòng)詞discuss之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系,且時(shí)間狀語為at tmrrw’s meeting,所以應(yīng)用一般將來時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)。故填will be discussed。
5.Luckily, many traditinal art frms like Wuxi Opera (pass) n and stay alive.
答案 are passed 主語many traditinal art frms與動(dòng)詞短語pass n之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系,故應(yīng)用被動(dòng)語態(tài),根據(jù)空后的stay alive可知,此處應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài),主語為復(fù)數(shù),be動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用are。故填are passed。
6.In the past six mnths, a lt f talent shws n TV (cancel). It’s believed that the gvernment has acted t clean up the entertainment industry.
答案 have been cancelled 根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語In the past six mnths可知,此空用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí);talent shws和動(dòng)詞cancel是被動(dòng)關(guān)系,要用被動(dòng)語態(tài)。故填have been cancelled。
提高題
單句語法填空
1.Right nw mre than 9,800 cmpanies are prviding such services, f which ver 1,800 ________ (establish) last year.[2023·嘉興市高三基礎(chǔ)測(cè)試]
2.Nwadays, tfu ________ (serve) in a mdern way. In many fine dining restaurants, the tasting menu is designed arund its textures.[2023·南京六校高三調(diào)研]
3.The cncept ________ (spread) int the wrlds f music, dance and TV dramas s far.[2023·煙臺(tái)市高三考前熱身]
4.The exam questins shuld fcus n basic knwledge and skills, and the number f questins fcusing n rte (死記硬背的) learning shuld ________ (reduce), the ntice said.[2023·重慶市高三第一次診斷]
1.答案與解析:were established 動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)、語態(tài)和主謂一致。ver 1,800 (cmpanies)與動(dòng)詞establish之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系,且前者表示復(fù)數(shù)概念,又根據(jù)后面的時(shí)間狀語last year可知此處應(yīng)用一般過去時(shí)。故填were established。
2.答案與解析:is served 動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)、語態(tài)和主謂一致。根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語Nwadays并結(jié)合句意可知,此處陳述的是現(xiàn)在的情況,應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí);句子的主語tfu與serve之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系,應(yīng)用被動(dòng)語態(tài);因?yàn)橹髡Ztfu為不可數(shù)名詞,謂語動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用單數(shù)形式。故填is served。
3.答案與解析:has been spread 考查時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)。分析句子可知,空格處為句子的謂語,根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語s far可知,此處時(shí)態(tài)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí),由句意可知,動(dòng)詞spread與主語the cncept之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系,故填has been spread。
4.答案與解析:be reduced 考查被動(dòng)語態(tài)。句意:考試題目要集中在基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)和技能上,減少死記硬背的題目數(shù)量。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,主語questins與謂語動(dòng)詞reduce之間是邏輯上的被動(dòng)關(guān)系,應(yīng)用被動(dòng)語態(tài),且情態(tài)動(dòng)詞shuld后接動(dòng)詞原形,故填be reduced。
考點(diǎn)六 主謂一致
主謂一致是指謂語動(dòng)詞在人稱和數(shù)上和主語一致,一般遵循三個(gè)原則:語法一致原則、意義一致原則和就近一致原則。
(1)語法一致原則
主語的單復(fù)數(shù)決定了謂語動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)。
1.動(dòng)名詞、動(dòng)詞不定式、從句、不定代詞作主語時(shí),謂語動(dòng)詞常用單數(shù)。
All the scientific evidence shws that increasing use f chemicals in farming is damaging ur health.
所有的科學(xué)證據(jù)都表明,在農(nóng)業(yè)中使用越來越多的化學(xué)品正在危害著我們的健康。
Everything is in a cmplete mass, which drives peple crazy. 所有的事情都毫無頭緒,讓人發(fā)瘋。
What he said is far frm the truth.他的話與事實(shí)相差太遠(yuǎn)了。
2.主語后接介詞短語或其他插入語,如with, tgether with, as well as, like, but, except, alng with, rather than, including, in additin t等,謂語動(dòng)詞的數(shù)要與前面的主語保持一致。
Amy, as well as her brthers, was given a warm welcme when returning t the village last week.
上周埃米和她的哥哥們回到村莊時(shí),受到了熱烈的歡迎。
I think Tm, rather than yu is t blame fr the accident.我認(rèn)為是湯姆而不是你該為這起事故負(fù)責(zé)任。
3.a(chǎn)nd, 連接兩個(gè)不同的主語,謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。
Steam and ice are different frms f water.蒸汽和冰是水的不同形式。
名師點(diǎn)津
如果and連接兩個(gè)單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞或不可數(shù)名詞,表示同一人、同一物或同一概念,或表示不可分的整體時(shí),謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。
The writer and prfessr, wh I ften refer t at the meetings, is ppular amng thse peple. 我在會(huì)議上經(jīng)常提到的那位作家兼教授,在那些人中很受歡迎。
4.定語從句中關(guān)系代詞作主語時(shí),從句中的謂語動(dòng)詞要與先行詞保持一致。
This is ne f the nvels that have ever been written by M Yan. 這是莫言所寫的小說之一。
She is the nly ne f the girls wh sings well in class.她是班里女生中唯一一個(gè)歌唱得很好的。
5.“many a/mre than ne+單數(shù)名詞”作主語時(shí),謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。each, every, n所修飾的名詞作主語時(shí),即使有and連接,謂語動(dòng)詞仍用單數(shù)。
Many a parent has had t g thrugh this same painful prcess. 很多父母都被迫經(jīng)歷了這一段痛苦的過程。
Every by and every girl wishes t attend the party held n Sunday. 每個(gè)男生和女生都希望參加周日的聚會(huì)。
(2)意義一致原則
意義一致原則指不管主語的形式是單數(shù)還是復(fù)數(shù),主語的意義決定了謂語動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)。
1.集體名詞作主語時(shí),若被看作一個(gè)整體,謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式;若被看作是構(gòu)成整體的一個(gè)個(gè)成員,謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。常見的集體名詞有family, class, team, grup, public, cmmittee, gvernment, audience等。
The whle class, which is made up f twenty bys and fifteen girls were tld t stay behind after schl t have an imprtant meeting yesterday.
這個(gè)班由20個(gè)男生和15個(gè)女生組成。昨天全班學(xué)生被告知放學(xué)后留下來開一個(gè)重要的會(huì)。
名師點(diǎn)津
形式為單數(shù)但意義為復(fù)數(shù)概念的plice, peple等集合名詞作主語時(shí),謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。
The plice are searching fr the murderer in the muntain. 警察正在山里搜尋殺人犯。
2.“分?jǐn)?shù)/百分?jǐn)?shù)/the majrity+f+名詞”作主語時(shí),謂語動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)取決于f后名詞的數(shù)以及其表示的意義;all, sme, half, mst, the rest等作主語時(shí),謂語動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)取決于主語實(shí)際表達(dá)的意義。
Abut ne third f the bks are wrth reading.這些書中大約有1/3值得一讀。
Altgether mre than 70 percent f the surface f the earth is cvered by water. 總共有超過70%的地球表面被水覆蓋。
3.“the+形容詞”表示一類人,在句中作主語時(shí),謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。
The sick have been cured and the lst have been fund.病人已被治愈,失蹤的人也都找到了。
4.a(chǎn) quantity f后既可接不可數(shù)名詞,也可接可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù);謂語動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)取決于f后名詞的數(shù)以及其表示的意義。quantities f后無論是可數(shù)名詞還是不可數(shù)名詞,謂語動(dòng)詞均用復(fù)數(shù)形式。
A quantity f time has been wasted n the prject.大量的時(shí)間被浪費(fèi)在了這個(gè)項(xiàng)目上。
With mre frests being destryed, huge quantities f gd earth are being washed away each year.
由于更多的森林被毀,每年有大量的沃土被沖走。
5.“a number f+復(fù)數(shù)名詞”作主語時(shí),謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式,“the number f+復(fù)數(shù)名詞”作主語時(shí),謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。
The number f peple invited was ne hundred, but a number f them were absent fr different reasns. 收到邀請(qǐng)的總共有100人,但很多人因?yàn)楦鞣N原因缺席了。
6.表示時(shí)間、距離、重量、金額等復(fù)數(shù)名詞作主語時(shí),謂語動(dòng)詞通常用單數(shù)形式。
Three thusand dllars is quite a lt f mney fr a by.對(duì)于一個(gè)男孩來說,3 000美元是一筆大數(shù)目。
(3)就近一致原則
就近一致原則指謂語動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)形式取決于離它最近的主語的單復(fù)數(shù)。
1.由r, , , nt (als)..., 等連接的并列主語,謂語動(dòng)詞的數(shù)常與最近的主語保持一致。
Nt nly Jhn and Tm but als their sister, Mary, takes great interest in the pian lessns. 不僅是約翰和湯姆,就連他們的妹妹瑪麗,也對(duì)鋼琴課有極大的興趣。
Either yu r ne f yur students is t attend the meeting that is due tmrrw.你或者你的一名學(xué)生應(yīng)該出席明天的會(huì)議。
2.在there be句型中,若有幾個(gè)并列成分作主語,謂語動(dòng)詞的數(shù)通常和最鄰近的主語保持一致。
There are three bks and a pen n the desk.桌子上有三本書和一支鋼筆。
基礎(chǔ)題
用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空
1.Everyne except Tm and Jhn (be)there when the meeting began.
2.Neither f the tw brthers (live)with their parents.
3.Playing baseball (be)Dale’s favurite sprt.
4.The whle class (be)greatly mved by his wrds.
5.The Chinese badmintn team (be)playing magnificently.
6.The plice (be)lking fr the murderer.
7.His Selected Pems (be)first published in 1965.
8.I think physics (be)much mre useful than maths.
9.Nt nly students but als their teacher (bject)t the plan.
10.There (be)sme Chinese and three Americans in the travelling team.
11.Here (be)a letter and tw bks fr yu.
【答案】 5.is 6.are 7.was 10.are 11.is
提高題
單句語法填空
1.Since 2016 when the cmpany ________ (fund), ChpValue has rescued billins f chpsticks frm landfills.[2023·青島市高三調(diào)研]
2.The frmatin f each celadn ________ (be) a prcess f life casting. Only after being burnt at arund 1300℃ fr 400 hurs can it be made int an bject.[2023·邯鄲市高三模擬]
3.What ________(make) peple mved is nt the film itself but the heres f the war years.[2023·漳州市第二次質(zhì)量檢測(cè)]
4.Hwever, as sciety ________(prgress), the rapid rise in incmes and higher living standards will see mre Chinese searching fr experiences that are anything but traditinal.[2023·唐山市第一次模擬]
5.While we can't guard against all misfrtunes and diseases, getting t knw sme first aid skills ________ (be) quite useful.[2023·遼寧省部分重點(diǎn)中學(xué)協(xié)作體模擬]
1.答案與解析:was funded 動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)、語態(tài)和主謂一致。根據(jù)句中的2016可知,該處用一般過去時(shí);主語the cmpany表示單數(shù),且和動(dòng)詞fund之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系。故填was funded。
2.答案與解析:is 考查時(shí)態(tài)及主謂一致。句意:每個(gè)青瓷的形成都是一個(gè)生命鑄造的過程。根據(jù)句意可知,此句描述一般事實(shí),故用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),故填is。
3.答案與解析:makes 考查時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致。句意:讓人感動(dòng)的不是電影本身,而是戰(zhàn)爭年代的英雄們。句子是描述一個(gè)事實(shí),應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),What引導(dǎo)主語從句,且在從句中作主語,謂語動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用第三人稱單數(shù)形式。
4.答案與解析:prgresses 考查時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致。句意:然而,隨著社會(huì)的進(jìn)步,收入的迅速增長和生活水平的提高,將會(huì)有更多的中國人尋求傳統(tǒng)以外的體驗(yàn)。根據(jù)句中時(shí)態(tài)可知,用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。主語sciety是單數(shù)名詞,所以謂語動(dòng)詞用第三人稱單數(shù)形式。
5.答案與解析:is 考查時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致。句意:雖然我們不能預(yù)防所有的不幸和疾病,但了解一些急救技能是非常有用的。陳述客觀事實(shí),用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。動(dòng)名詞作主語,謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。
提升專練
基礎(chǔ)題
語篇填空
The Dragn Dance is a frm f traditinal dance in Chinese culture. It 1. (spread) all ver China and t the whle wrld s far.
Traditinally, dragns 2. (make) f wd. Hwever, in mdern times, dragns 3. (be) much lighter because they are made f lighter materials like plastics. The length f dragns can be frm 25 t 35 meters fr acrbatic(雜技的) mdels, and up t 50 t 70 meters fr the larger parade(游行) styles
because peple believe that the lnger the dragn is, the mre luck it4. (bring) t the cmmunity. A small rganizatin cannt run a very lng dragn because it 5. (require) great human pwer, much mney and special skills.
The Dragn Dance itself 6. (begin) during the Han Dynasty. And it
7. (start) by the Chinese wh had shwn great respect fr the dragn. It was already a ppular event during the Sng Dynasty.
At that time, it 8. (becme) a ppular activity like the Lin Dance. Peple culd ften see it during sme imprtant festivals. In the Qing Dynasty, the Dragn Dance Team f Fuzhu 9. (invite) t put n a shw in Beijing. And the emperr 10. (speak) highly f it.
答案
1.has spread 考查現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語s far可知,此句應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí),主語It指Dragn Dance,此處指舞龍已經(jīng)遍及了中國乃至全世界,故填has spread。
2.were made 考查一般過去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)。be made f指“由……制成”。根據(jù)Traditinally和下文in mdern times可知,此處時(shí)態(tài)為一般過去時(shí),且主語為dragns,故填were made。
3.are 考查一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語in mdern times可知,此空用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),故填are。
4.will bring 考查一般將來時(shí)。此句中the lnger the dragn is相當(dāng)于if the dragn is lnger的用法,故the mre luck it...用一般將來時(shí),此處指人們相信龍?jiān)介L,它就會(huì)帶來越多的好運(yùn)。故填will bring。
5.requires 考查一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。根據(jù)語境及cannt run可知,時(shí)態(tài)為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),且從句主語是it,故填requires。
6.began 考查一般過去時(shí)。根據(jù)during the Han Dynasty可知,此處用一般過去時(shí),故填began。
7.was started 考查一般過去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)。根據(jù)by the Chinese wh had shwn great respect fr the dragn可知此處用一般過去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài),主語為it,故填was started。
8.became 考查一般過去時(shí)。根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語At that time可知,此處用一般過去時(shí),故填became。
9.was invited 考查一般過去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)。根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語In the Qing Dynasty可知,此句用一般過去時(shí),福州舞龍隊(duì)是被邀去北京表演,故填was invited。
10.spke 考查一般過去時(shí)。根據(jù)語境可知,此句時(shí)態(tài)為一般過去時(shí),故填spke。speak highly f...高度評(píng)價(jià)……。
提高題
語段填空 (用所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)
The first z 1.________(establish) arund 3,500 years ag by an Egyptian queen fr her persnal enjyment.Five hundred years later,a Chinese emperr 2.________(build) a huge z t shw his pwer and wealth.Later zs were set up fr the purpse f studying animals.
Sme f the early Eurpean zs 3.________(cnsist) f dark hles r dirty cages,the bad cnditins f which made peple disgusted.Later the zs 4.________(replace) by research centers and animals there were studied and 5.________(keep) in gd cnditin.These places became the first mdern zs.As early as the 1940s,scientists 6.________(understand) that many kinds f wild animals faced extinctin.Since then,zs 7.________(try) t save many endangered species,but relying n zs 8.________(save) species is nt enugh.The best methd f prtectin is t leave them in their natural habitat.
Tday,animals in large and natural reserves are fed a balanced diet and 9.________(watch) carefully fr any signs f disease with specially trained keepers lking after them and sme hspitals where they can be treated when ill,and all the animals there live a cmfrtable life.Anyway,it is true that z breeding prgrams 10.________ (play) an imprtant rle in prtecting many species f wildlife nw.
1.was established 考查謂語動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)、語態(tài)和主謂一致。根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語“arund 3,500 years ag”可知是過去時(shí)態(tài),主語“The first z”和謂語動(dòng)詞establish之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系,且主語是the first z,謂語用單數(shù),故填 was established。
2.built 考查謂語動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。句中“Five hundred years later”是過去的時(shí)間狀語,謂語需要用過去式,故填 built。
3.cnsisted 考查謂語動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)上下文可知,此處描述過去的情況,謂語動(dòng)詞用過去式,故填 cnsisted。
4.were replaced 考查謂語動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)、語態(tài)和主謂一致。主語“the zs”和謂語動(dòng)詞replace之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系,并且是描述過去發(fā)生的事,且主語是the zs,謂語用復(fù)數(shù),故填were replaced。
5.:(were) kept 考查謂語動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)。animals與keep之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系且描述過去的情況,故用一般過去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài),此處是并列謂語,前面已有be動(dòng)詞were,故可以省略were,故填(were) kept。
6.understd 考查謂語動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。“As early as the 1940s”是過去的時(shí)間狀語,謂語要用過去式,故填 understd。
7.have tried/have been trying 考查謂語動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致。時(shí)間狀語為“Since then”,謂語常用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí),此處也可用現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)表示動(dòng)作一直持續(xù)進(jìn)行,且主語是zs,謂語用復(fù)數(shù),故填have tried/have been trying。
8.t save 考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。rely n sb.t d sth.依靠某人做某事,故填t save。
9.(are) watched 考查謂語動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。 主語animals和謂語動(dòng)詞watch之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系,且此處與and前面的are fed...為并列關(guān)系,故填(are) watched。
10.a(chǎn)re playing 考查謂語動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致。由時(shí)間狀語nw可知,此處應(yīng)該使用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí),且主語prgrams是復(fù)數(shù),故填are playing。
目錄
考點(diǎn)聚焦:核心考點(diǎn),有的放矢
重點(diǎn)速記:知識(shí)點(diǎn)和關(guān)鍵點(diǎn)梳理,查漏補(bǔ)缺
牛刀小試:知識(shí)點(diǎn)和關(guān)鍵點(diǎn)訓(xùn)練,能力提升
學(xué)以致用:提升專練,全面突破
一般過去時(shí)
用于敘述過去的動(dòng)作,與現(xiàn)在無關(guān)
現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)
所敘述的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過去某個(gè)或某段時(shí)間,該動(dòng)作與現(xiàn)在有關(guān)系,可能對(duì)現(xiàn)在產(chǎn)生影響,也可能一直持續(xù)下去
時(shí)態(tài)
被動(dòng)語態(tài)的構(gòu)成
一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)
am/is/are dne
一般過去時(shí)
was/were dne
一般將來時(shí)
shall/will be dne
現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)
am/is/are being dne
過去進(jìn)行時(shí)
was/were being dne
現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)
have/has been dne
過去完成時(shí)
had been dne

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