1.動詞不定式的形式: 基本形式為“t+動詞原形”,否定形式為“nt t+動詞原形”。例 It’s imprtant nt t be late fr class.上課不遲到是非常重要的。2.動詞不定式的功能(1)動詞不定式作狀語。作狀語時,一般在句中作目的狀語、結(jié)果狀語和原因狀語。例We need mre mney t imprve transprt in Lndn.我們需要更多的錢來改善倫敦的交通狀況。(2)動詞不定式作主語。常用it作形式主語,真正作主語的不定式后置。常用句型為“It is+adj.+(f/fr sb.) t d sth.”。例It’s nt easy t find yur way arund the twn.在這個小鎮(zhèn)上要找到路很不容易。
3.動詞不定式作賓語。常接動詞不定式作賓語的動詞有:wuld like/want t 想要??????????????agree t同意?????????????????????affrd t 負擔(dān)得起hpe/wish t 希望???????????????????decide t決定????????????????????prmise t 承諾cntinue t 繼續(xù)????????????????????expect t 期望????????????????????refuse t 拒絕4.動詞不定式作賓語補足語。常接動詞不定式作賓語補足語的動詞:tell sb.t d sth.告訴某人做某事???????????????warn sb.t d sth.警告某人做某事invite sb. t d sth.邀請某人做某事?????????????allw sb.t d sth.允許某人做某事expect sb. t d sth.期望某人做某事?????????????advise sb.t d sth.建議某人做某事(5)動詞不定式作定語。作定語時常放在修飾詞后,作后置定語。例I can’t think f any gd advice t give her.我想不出任何好的建議給她。(6)動詞不定式作表語。常放于be動詞后。例My jb is t lk after the baby.我的工作是照顧這個嬰兒。
5.“疑問詞+動詞不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)動詞不定式可以與疑問代詞wh, whm, what, which, whse 及疑問副詞when, where, hw等連用,構(gòu)成不定式短語,在句中作主語、表語、賓語、賓語補足語、同位語等。I didn’t knw hw t get back t the village.我不知道怎樣回到村子。6.常見省略t的動詞不定式結(jié)構(gòu)had better d sth.最好做某事???????????????????wuld rather d sth.寧愿做某事cannt but d sth.只好做某事???????????????????Why (nt) d sth.?為什么(不)做某事?
1-5AB t slveBB
1.It’s imprtant fr the disabled ________ the ability t make a living.A.t haveB.haveC.havingD.has2.—Tm, d yu think reading is imprtant?—Yes, I d. S I decide ________ mre time reading frm nw n.A.spendB.t spendC.spending3.Miss Ga is preparing a talk n hw ??????????(slve) teenager prblems.4.We shuld have a healthy diet, prper exercise and enugh sleep ________ fit.A.keepingB.t keepC.keepD.kept5.The high schl invited a famus scientist _______ a talk n Wrld Earth Day.A.givingB.t giveC.giveD.given
6.It’s very kind ________ yu ________ thers when they’re in need.A.fr; t helpB.f; t helpC.fr; helpingD.f; helping7.—Have yu finished yur bk reprt yet?—N, I haven’t. I plan ________ it this weekend.A.writeB.wrteC.writingD.t write8.Culd yu tell me hw _______ the library?A.t findB.can I findC.fundD.find9.Students shuld have utdr activities every day ________ their eyesight.A.imprveB.t imprveC.checkD.t check10.The manager asked his secretary ________ the reprt befre Friday.A.finishB.finishesC.finishingD.t finish
1.動名詞的功能(1)動名詞作動詞的賓語。常接動名詞作賓語的動詞(短語)有:enjy喜歡??????????????finish 完成???????????????keep(n)保持?????????????mind介意advise 建議?????????????suggest 建議?????????????practice 練習(xí)?????????????admit 承認feel like 想要???????????can’t help 禁不住??????????imagine 想象?????????????avid 避免(2)作介詞的賓語。介詞后用動名詞作賓語。例After eating in her restaurant peple wuld becme tired very quickly.顧客在她的餐館里吃過飯以后,很快就會感到疲乏。(3)動名詞作定語。置于被修飾詞之前,表明被修飾詞的用途、性質(zhì)等。例She is in the waiting rm.她在候車室。例Let’s buy a washing machine.我們買臺洗衣機吧。
(4)動名詞作主語。表示一種概念、習(xí)慣或經(jīng)驗,常用it作形式主語,把動名詞置于句尾。It is fun playing cmputer games.玩電腦游戲很有趣。(5)動名詞作表語。例His favrite sprts is playing basketball.他最喜歡的運動是打籃球。2.動詞不定式與動名詞作賓語的區(qū)別部分動詞后接動詞不定式或動名詞時,意義差別較大。remember t d sth.記得去做某事???????????????remember ding sth.記得做過某事frget t d sth.忘記去做某事??????????????????frget ding sth.忘記做過某事regret t d sth.遺憾去做某事(未做某事而遺憾)regret ding sth.后悔做了某事(做了某事而后悔)try t d sth.設(shè)法盡力做某事??????????????????try ding sth.試著做某事stp t d sth.停下當前事去做另一件事?????????stp ding sth.停止當前事
11-15A;A;slving;sking;drinking
11.________ t much sweet fd will make peple get fat.A.EatingB.EatsC.EatD.Ate12.—Mst teenagers like humrus TV shws.—Me t. I can’t help ________ when I watch them.A.laughingB.t laughC.laughedD.laugh13.Lving nature is (lve) urselves.14.Gu Ailing has a gift fr (ski) and wn high praise in Beijing 2022 Olympic Winter Games.15.Everything here is seriusly plluted, including ur (drink) water.
16-20 D;B;Reading;biggest,learning;swimming
16.My family enjy ________ bks in the city library in ur spare time.A.readsB.readC.t readD.reading17.Remember t use sunglasses t stp the sun frm ________ directly in yur eyes.A.shineB.shiningC.t shine18. (read) nvels is ne f my sister’s hbbies.19.我最大的挑戰(zhàn)是學(xué)習(xí)餐桌禮儀。My challenge is hw t behave at the dinner table.20.Children like t swim in the (swim) pl.
1.做定語:修飾語與被修飾詞為主動關(guān)系或動作正在進行用現(xiàn)在分詞;反之,為被動關(guān)系或動作已完成用過去分詞。單個分詞作定語放在所修飾詞前,分詞短語作定語放在修飾詞后。Fr example, there are already rbts wrking in factries.例如,已經(jīng)有機器人在工廠里工作了。He is a man lved by all.他是一個受大家愛戴的人。狀語與主語為主動關(guān)系用現(xiàn)在分詞;與主語為被動關(guān)系用過去分詞。Being ill, she stayed at hme.因為病了,所以她待在家里。Given anther hur, I can als wrk ut this prblem.再給我一個小時,我也能做出這道題。
2.補足語賓語與補足語為主動關(guān)系或表示動作正在進行用現(xiàn)在分詞;賓語與補足語為被動關(guān)系、動作已完成或動作他人完成用過去分詞。Dn’t have the students studying all day.不要讓學(xué)生們整天學(xué)習(xí)。He fund his hmetwn greatly changed.他發(fā)現(xiàn)他的家鄉(xiāng)變化很大。
21:Is like 22.didn’t hld23.Have read 24.B 25.B
21.I saw Lily ________ when I passed her rm.A.danceB.dancingC.t dance22.—D yu knw there are mre than 3,000 languages ______ in the wrld?—Srry, I have n idea.A.speakingB.spkenC.speakD.spke23.An ld man ________ n the side f the rad was fund ________, and he was sent t the hspital by the bus driver and passengers immediately.A.lies; diesB.lay; diedC.lain; deadD.lying; dying24.________ the earthquake in Suthwest China’s Sichuan prvince at 5:00 pm n June 1st, 2022, many peple were shcked at the news.A.T hearB.HearC.HearingD.Heard25.—I didn’t enjy myself at the party. I just felt _________.—Well, maybe there were t many peple at the party.A.left utB.t leave utC.leaving utD.be left ut
26-30 BBDCA
26.When I walked past the park, I saw sme ld peple _________ Chinese Taiji.A.dB.dingC.didD.a(chǎn)re ding27.In the evening, yu will watch a play ________ Jurney t the West.A.callB.calledC.calling28.Tday there are already rbts ________ in the restaurants. They are serving the peple.A.wrksB.wrkedC.wrkingD.wrk29.________ with my father’s handwriting, mine is pr.A.CmpareB.CmparedC.CmparingD.Cmpares30.The yung cuple were (考慮) chsing a lager huse because f the new baby.

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