\l "考情透視" 考情透視·目標(biāo)導(dǎo)航2
\l "知識導(dǎo)圖" 知識導(dǎo)圖·思維引航2
\l "考點突破" 考點突破·考法探究4 TOC \ "1-3" \h \z \u
\l "_Tc17962" 1.完形填空題型特點 PAGEREF _Tc17962 \h 4
\l "_Tc20752" 2.記敘文類完形填空解題要點 PAGEREF _Tc20752 \h 4
\l "_Tc14876" 3.高分技巧 PAGEREF _Tc14876 \h 4
\l "_Tc10284" 考點二 句內(nèi)層次題 PAGEREF _Tc10284 \h 5
\l "_Tc268" 考點三 句組層次題 PAGEREF _Tc268 \h 7
\l "_Tc18757" 考點四 語篇層次題 PAGEREF _Tc18757 \h 8
\l "_Tc8093" 考點五 解題技巧 PAGEREF _Tc8093 \h 9
\l "_Tc29494" 1.鎖定首句，整體預(yù)判 PAGEREF _Tc29494 \h 9
\l "_Tc2426" 2.利用復(fù)現(xiàn)，尋找答案 PAGEREF _Tc2426 \h 9
\l "_Tc5299" 3.結(jié)合語境，進行推斷 PAGEREF _Tc5299 \h 9
\l "_Tc17770" 4.分析邏輯，判斷答案 PAGEREF _Tc17770 \h 9
\l "_Tc18126" 5.夯實詞匯，辨析詞義 PAGEREF _Tc18126 \h 10
\l "_Tc10236" 6.依據(jù)常識，確定答案 PAGEREF _Tc10236 \h 10
目標(biāo)導(dǎo)航：
1.了解完型填空的考點分析和考查內(nèi)容
2.掌握詞匯基本用法
3.掌握答題技巧，明確答題步驟
考點一 題型破解
1.完形填空題型特點
近年中考完形填空文章長度250詞左右，選材來自英美國家的主流書刊或正規(guī)網(wǎng)站，題材多樣化，遵循“文章內(nèi)容生活化”原則，體現(xiàn)正確的人生觀、價值觀，傳遞正能量。
主題語境包含人與社會、人與自我、人與自然，體裁以記敘文為主，說明文和夾敘夾議文為輔。文章要求考生在正確理解語篇主旨大意的同時，注重揣摩不同詞語、句子及篇章結(jié)構(gòu)之間的聯(lián)系。
中考命題點：完形填空遵循“以實詞為主、虛詞為輔、突出詞匯語境化”的命題原則，。語言簡單，長句不多，沒有生僻字。對動詞、名詞和形容詞的考查最多，對一詞多義、熟詞生義進行適當(dāng)行適當(dāng)考查
2.記敘文類完形填空解題要點
3.高分技巧
（1）分析命題規(guī)律，掌握解題策略
句內(nèi)層次題：解題信息分布在本句內(nèi)部，瞻前顧后，左顧右盼，邊讀邊填。
句組層次題：解題信息分布在設(shè)空處前后的一組句子中，瞻前顧后尋找暗示。
語篇層次題：解題信息分布在語篇的某一處甚至全篇，需要綜合推斷。
（2）具備全文意識
①速度全文知主旨：根據(jù)首句給出的提示，快速通讀全文，借助文中的關(guān)鍵詞，簡要了解文章大意，，理清脈絡(luò)，把握中心。寫作要素都緊緊圍繞這一中心進行。抓住中心主旨大意有助于明確做題方向，提高針對性。
②先易后難加連貫：記敘文的最終目的是借助敘事來闡明一個道理，給人以啟迪或教益。因此，在閱讀時根據(jù)題型特點解答出較容易的題后，應(yīng)當(dāng)結(jié)合上下文，分析具體情節(jié)，認(rèn)真體會文字背后的東西，才能洞悉作者的態(tài)度和觀點，推斷出更難一些的態(tài)度判斷題。
③復(fù)讀全文驗答案：填空全部完成后，將選項代入原文，通讀一遍，看讀文是否流暢、語意是否連貫，對感到很不通順的地方，可以從語法、詞文、習(xí)慣用法、固定搭配、背景知識等方面進一步驗證和確定答案。
（3）選項考點明辨析
重點在上下文語境理解上，詞匯運用次之。每小題給出的單詞多為同一類詞。所設(shè)的選項更具有干擾性，更加強調(diào)對語境的考查。
①動詞：動詞的詞義辨析。形似、意近、根據(jù)語境辨析的。包括動詞詞組。
②名詞：名詞的詞義辨析。形似、意近、根據(jù)語境辨析的。
③形容詞：形容詞的詞義辨析。形似、意近、根據(jù)語境辨析的。
④副詞：副詞的詞義辨析。形似、意近、根據(jù)語境辨析的。
考點二 句內(nèi)層次題
句內(nèi)層次題：解題信息分布在本句內(nèi)部，瞻前顧后，左顧右盼，邊讀邊填。理清記敘文的寫作要素和作者的情感態(tài)度，及時調(diào)整思維方式，理清上下文之間的邏輯關(guān)系，在充分把握語境的基礎(chǔ)上，辨析詞語，進一步把握作者的觀點、態(tài)度，找到正確答案。
重視首句，把握文章主題。
分析結(jié)構(gòu)，抓住作者觀點態(tài)度。
3. 利用上下文，關(guān)注過渡詞，理清邏輯關(guān)系。
例1：（2024·北京·中考真題）
Every summer, Serena spent tw weeks at Green Farm’s hrseback riding camp. Last year, Serena and her favrite hrse Piper finished secnd in the bstacle curse (障礙賽賽道) race.
“I can’t wait t ride Piper,” Serena tld Rse, her cach. Rse smiled and said, “Srry, but we need t save Piper fr ur newer 1 this year. She’s ne f the best-behaved hrses. Hw abut yu try riding Harley?”
Serena felt 2 and was a little scared (害怕的) at the sight f Harley, the tallest hrse, but she stayed hpeful. As she was trying t ride Harley, he went up n his back legs, thrwing Serena ff. She landed n the hard grund, her eyes filled with tears.
1．A．leadersB．ridersC．climbersD．drivers
2．A．stupidB．disappintedC．cmfrtableD．lucky
【文章大意】本文主要講述了Serena克服恐懼和Harley一起贏得獎杯的故事。
1．句意：抱歉，但我們得把Piper留給今年新來的騎手。
leader領(lǐng)導(dǎo)；rider騎手；climber登山者；driver司機。根據(jù)“Every summer, Serena spent tw weeks at Green Farm’s hrseback riding camp.”及語境可知，此處表示要把Piper留給新的騎手。故選B。
2．句意：Serena一看到那匹最高的馬Harley，就感到失望和有點害怕，但她仍然抱有希望。
stupid愚蠢的；disappinted失望的；cmfrtable 舒服的；lucky幸運的。根據(jù)上文中的“I can’t wait t ride Piper”、下文中的“was a little scared (害怕的) at the sight f Harley”及語境可知，Serena不能騎她想騎的馬，因此感到失望。故選B。
例2：（2024·四川·中考真題）I’m Cathy, a middle schl student. Last summer vacatin, I became a vlunteer. I vlunteered in a children’s center. There were abut 50 children there. I 1 sme babies and elder children.
I liked helping ut in the baby rms. Thse babies were s small and lvely. At first, I felt a little 2 t see thse babies because their parents left them there and had t wrk.
1．A．waited frB．lked afterC．listened tD．talked abut
2．A．hungryB．sadC．excitedD．relaxed
【文章大意】本文主要講述了作者在一個兒童中心做志愿者時的工作經(jīng)歷。
1． 句意：我照顧一些嬰兒和大一點的孩子。
waited fr等待；lked after照顧；listened t聽；talked abut談?wù)?。根?jù)“I liked helping ut in the baby rms”可知是照顧嬰兒和孩子。故選B。
2．句意：起初，看到那些嬰兒時我感到有點難過，因為他們的父母把他們留在那里去工作了。
hungry饑餓的；sad悲傷的；excited興奮的；relaxed放松的。根據(jù)“because their parents left them there and had t wrk”可知他們的父母把他們留在這里，作者感到很難過。故選B。
例3：（2024·福建·中考真題）
With music in her heart, she becmes mre 10 and wants t plant her feet in the field f music in the future.
10．A．a(chǎn)ctiveB．upsetC．silent
10．句意：心中有了音樂，她變得更加積極，想要在未來的音樂領(lǐng)域站穩(wěn)腳跟。
active積極的；upset沮喪的；silent寂靜的。根據(jù)“With music in her heart, she becmes wants t plant her feet in the field f music in the future.”可知，心中有了音樂，她變得更加積極，故選A。
考點三 句組層次題
解題信息分布在空格前后的一組意群之中，解題時需前瞻后顧，綜合意群信息解答。即：本句信息不足填，空格前后再找信息源。
1．利用語義復(fù)現(xiàn)解題
利用作者態(tài)度或感情色彩關(guān)聯(lián)解題
3．利用邏輯關(guān)系解題
4．利用語境暗示分析法解題
例1：（2024·福建·中考真題）閱讀下面短文，從每小題所給的A、B、C三個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳答案。
Zeng Xiameng became blind a few mnths after she was brn because f an illness. Years ag, she talked t her parents abut her dream f learning t sing . S they sent her t a special educatin schl.
It is nt 2 fr Zeng t learn sngs. She needs t use Braille (盲文) t read the wrds f sngs. She als needs t practice the sngs repeatedly. 3 it usually takes her at least a mnth t learn a sng, she never gives up.
2．A．badB．wiseC．easy
3．A．UnlessB．BecauseC．Althugh
【文章大意】本文主要介紹了一個盲人女孩追逐音樂夢想的故事。
2．句意：曾學(xué)歌并不容易。
bad壞的；wise明智的；easy容易的。根據(jù)“She needs t use Braille (盲文) t read the wrds f sngs. She als needs t practice the sngs repeatedly.”可知，她需要用盲文來讀歌詞，她還需要反復(fù)練習(xí)這些歌曲，所以曾學(xué)歌并不容易。故選C。
3．句意：雖然她通常要花至少一個月的時間來學(xué)習(xí)一首歌，但她從不放棄。
Unless除非；Because因為；Althugh雖然。前后兩句構(gòu)成讓步關(guān)系，用Althugh連接，故選C。
考點四 語篇層次題
語篇層次題要求考生理解整篇文章，抓住全文的脈絡(luò)、作者的思想、意圖或主人公的心理，然后進行準(zhǔn)確的推理、判斷，從而做出正確的選擇。這類題難度較大，一篇完形填空中，大約有2～3道此類題。不急于解答，讀完全文后綜合思維再做判定。語篇層次題的解答必須立足于整個語篇，因此在解題時對這類題目不能急于解答，要把握記敘文的主旨大意，跨越段落，順藤摸瓜，仔細(xì)比對，最終得出答案。
利用語義復(fù)現(xiàn)解題
利用總分結(jié)構(gòu)或?qū)Ρ冉Y(jié)構(gòu)分析法解題
利用邏輯關(guān)系解題
語篇層次題：解題線索分布在某一段或幾段相隔，甚至全篇，距離較遠(yuǎn)，更需瞻前顧后，謹(jǐn)記“文中無廢句，句中無閑詞”，并根據(jù)邏輯意思、句法分析、固定搭配、排除法、詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)、邏輯關(guān)系、背景常識等方法瞻前顧后、合理推斷、耐心作答。
例1：（2024·浙江·中考真題）
Bruce listened as Mike talked abut his favrite sngs. And they shared the head-phnes, singing sftly alng with the music 14 Bruce gt ff at his stp.
“See yu tmrrw!” Mike said.
Bruce waved gdbye. “I must tell Mm hw I 15 Mike and we had the best headphnes n,” he smiled t himself.
14．A．ifB．a(chǎn)fterC．untilD．a(chǎn)lthugh
15．A．metB．invitedC．caughtD．fllwed
【文章大意】本文主要介紹了Bruce很害羞，他很喜歡音樂，他在公交車上遇到了同樣喜歡音樂的Mike，他們相談甚歡，玩得很開心。
14．句意：他們共用耳機，隨著音樂輕聲歌唱，直到Bruce在車站下車。
if如果；after在……之后；until直到；althugh雖然。 根據(jù)“And they shared the head-phnes, singing sftly alng with the gt ff at his stp.”可知他們一直在交流，直到Bruce下車。故選C。
15．句意：我必須告訴媽媽我是怎么認(rèn)識Mike的，我們戴著耳機度過了最美好的時光。
met遇見；invited邀請；caught抓住；fllwed跟隨。根據(jù)“I must tell Mm hw ”可知是如何遇到Mike。故選A。
考點五 解題技巧
完形填空的解題技能要求較高，考試應(yīng)當(dāng)具有較強的聚合思維并保持注意力高度集中。在具體的解題中，還需掌握以下解題方法：
1.鎖定首句，整體預(yù)判。
完形填空的首句一般不設(shè)空。首句往往開宗明義，是文章的主題。通過首句往往能確定文章的體裁、背景、寫作意圖或中心思想。從2024年福建中考英語完形填空的首句Zeng Xiameng became blind a few mnths after she was brn because f an illness. 可知，是講述盲人女孩的記敘文。
2.利用復(fù)現(xiàn)，尋找答案。
在完形填空中，同一個單詞在上下文中重復(fù)出現(xiàn)的情況很常見，我們把這種情況稱為詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)。詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)包括原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)，同義復(fù)現(xiàn)，反義復(fù)現(xiàn)，代詞復(fù)現(xiàn)等。復(fù)現(xiàn)詞匯的語用意義使得語篇中的句子相互銜接和連貫，從而構(gòu)成一個完整而又有機的整體。因此要學(xué)會充分利用這些詞匯提供的有效信息進行合理推斷，選出正確答案。
3.結(jié)合語境，進行推斷。
完形填空必須通篇理解，從整體角度考慮，結(jié)合上下文語境才能判斷出最佳答案。上下文信息可以出現(xiàn)在同一句、前后句、前后段中，或者出現(xiàn)在文章的開頭或結(jié)尾部分，因此答題時要聯(lián)系上下文，結(jié)合首尾，進行句內(nèi)推斷或句間推斷。
4.分析邏輯，判斷答案。
完形填空中的題目側(cè)重考查學(xué)生對文章前后邏輯關(guān)系的精準(zhǔn)判斷。解答此類題目時要關(guān)注連詞的功能，關(guān)注詞匯的多義性，從具體語境入手，順著文章的思路，依據(jù)給出的上下文信息進行分析。
邏輯關(guān)系包括并列、原因、結(jié)果、讓步、轉(zhuǎn)折、時間順序、目的、條件、選擇等，依靠不同的連詞來表達(dá)，如and，but，s，hwever，since，because，first f all，then，finally，fr example，r等，它們在文章中起著“篇章紐帶”的作用，可以作為做完形填空題的路標(biāo)。
5.夯實詞匯，辨析詞義。
完形填空題對詞匯知識的考查，主要體現(xiàn)在固定搭配和同義詞、近義詞的辨析兩方面。要做好這類題，需要有較大的詞匯量和較好的詞語搭配能力、詞語辨析能力，特別是在特定的語境中能靈活運用詞匯的能力。
完形填空的四個選項形式完全相同，如都是動詞原形、名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式等。所以要注意他們在意義和搭配上的細(xì)微差別，形義兼顧。同時，要把這些選項放到特定的語境里進行區(qū)分，從而選出正確答案。
6.依據(jù)常識，確定答案。
完形填空的文章內(nèi)容往往與文化生活、史地知識、生活科技等相關(guān)，有些內(nèi)容是我們已經(jīng)掌握的生活常識。知識范圍越廣，越有利于文章的理解。因而答題時要充分調(diào)動相關(guān)知識幫助我們分析、推斷，最終確定答案。
典例引領(lǐng)
（一）
（2024·浙江·中考真題）Bruce lves music because it makes him feel easy. He is shy, and making friends has been 2 fr him. That’s why his mther asked him t take the 1 this year. “Yu’d better nt sit there with yur headphnes n,” she tld him.
Bruce ndded. But the mment he sat n the bus, he 3 his headphnes and clsed his eyes. He was sn lst in a sng f his favrite band, the Blue-Bb. 4 , he sensed smene arund him. He pened his eyes and saw a by frm his 5 .
“Hey, Bruce? I’m Mike,” the by said. “I think we bth take the music class. Did I hear 6 singing a sng by the Blue-Bb just nw?”
“Uh, n,” Bruce’s face turned red, “That wasn’t me.” Mike lked a little 7 . Withut saying anything, he went away.
Fr the next few days, Bruce kept asking himself 8 he had lied t Mike. “Maybe he als lves the Blue-Bb. Maybe he was just being 9 ,” he thught. S when they saw each ther n the bus the next day, Bruce managed t 10 a smile n his face.
“Hi, Bruce,” Mike said. “I can hear yur 11 every day, and yu have such a gd taste.”
Bruce’s eyes lit up. “Dn’t yu think the sngs are t 12 ?” he asked. “Nt at all,” Mike answered. “I lve sngs f the past t. My grandpa is really int music, and he has 13 me t sing many f them.”
Bruce listened as Mike talked abut his favrite sngs. And they shared the head-phnes, singing sftly alng with the music 14 Bruce gt ff at his stp.
“See yu tmrrw!” Mike said.
Bruce waved gdbye. “I must tell Mm hw I 15 Mike and we had the best headphnes n,” he smiled t himself.
1．A．funnyB．hardC．bringD．relaxing
2．A．carB．taxiC．busD．train
3．A．put nB．tk awayC．paid frD．gave up
4．A．ActuallyB．LuckilyC．NaturallyD．Suddenly
5．A．stryB．gradeC．labD．dream
6．A．himB．herC．yuD．them
7．A．wrriedB．excitedC．tiredD．surprised
8．A．whyB．hwC．whenD．whether
9．A．patientB．hnestC．prudD．friendly
10．A．wearB．hideC．winD．find
11．A．newsB．musicC．nameD．ideas
12．A．sadB．ldC．slwD．serius
13．A．chsenB．a(chǎn)llwedC．taughtD．rdered
14．A．ifB．a(chǎn)fterC．untilD．a(chǎn)lthugh
15．A．metB．invitedC．caughtD．fllwed
（二）
（2024·廣東廣州·中考真題）閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，然后從各題所給的A、B、C和D項中選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。
“Hell, Mr Li,” I said sweetly. “I came t ask if I culd help paint the psters fr the Reading Day. I dn’t mind 1 fr the whle day at the library tmrrw.”
“Aren’t yu ging t the ld peple’s hme?” Mr Li asked
“My class is ging. But I culd have a/an 2 if yu need my help.”
“Thanks, Janet. But I think yu culd cme after schl tmrrw.”
3 , there was n way ut. I had t g.
The next day, when my classmates were talking with the ld peple, I really felt nervus t 4 any f them. I sat there n my wn hlding the card I made the night befre.
Acrss the rm there was an ld lady in a wheelchair. She was 5 , t. Maybe I culd hand my card t her. It might brighten her day. S carefully, I went t her.
“Thank yu, Janet.” The ld lady reached fr the card but her hand was nwhere near it. I suddenly realized that she was 6 .
“What des yur card lk like?” The ld lady asked. I 7 my card patiently. Her fingers tuched every inch f it. She culdn’t enjy mre…
T sn, it was time t return. But I didn’t want t 8 .
“Thanks fr yur cming, Janet! I’ll keep this card t remember yu.”
“I’m srry yu can’t see it. I wished I had brught yu a better gift,” I said
“The best gift,” the ld lady said, “was yur 9 , Janet.”
With tears, I felt light and warm. I culdn’t wait t cme back t see my new 10 again.
1．A．readingB．discussingC．relaxingD．wrking
2．A．ideaB．lessnC．excuseD．gift
3．A．ClearlyB．StrangelyC．LuckilyD．Suddenly
4．A．a(chǎn)cceptB．jinC．inviteD．guide
5．A．a(chǎn)lneB．a(chǎn)ctiveC．readyD．busy
6．A．tiredB．blindC．seriusD．wrried
7．A．changedB．cmparedC．describedD．prepared
8．A．frgetB．leaveC．prmiseD．imagine
9．A．returnB．planC．classD．visit
10．A．friendB．teacherC．classmateD．neighbur
（三）
（2024·湖北·中考真題）Our art teacher Gerge was leaving sn fr his cuntry. I was preparing a special 1 fr him. It was a hand-drawn picture bk abut ur schl. I wrked a lng time, trying t make each picture as 2 as pssible.
One day, I was drawing while my little sister Becky was watching with great 3 . Just then, my classmate Jeff drpped by.
“Hi! Peter, want t play basketball in the yard?” he asked.
“I’d like t, 4 it’s t cld utside!” I replied.
“Exactly!” he said. “It’s the perfect weather fr nt getting t ht.”
That’s a cl thing abut Jeff. He always lks n the 5 side f almst everything.
“Let’s g!” We went ut, leaving the drawings n the table.
We laughed as we returned. When I 6 the dr, my heart nearly stpped. Right there, Becky was clring my pictures.
“ 7 , Becky!” I rushed t her, but it was t late. Almst every page was clred.
“What did yu d?” I shuted 8 .
“I just wanted t help.” She began t cry.
“My drawings are gne frever!” I felt frustrated (懊惱的) and 9 Jeff fr help.
“Unless…” said Jeff.
“Unless what?” I asked.
“Remember the jigsaw puzzle (拼圖)? We can create smething new frm these messy pictures.” Jeff 10 .
“Can we make it?” I dubted.
“I’m nt sure, but we can have a 11 .” He encuraged.
First, we cut the drawings int shapes, such as ur brwn teaching buildings, green playgrund and s n. Then, we 12 all these pieces tgether and made a jigsaw. Finally, we even added mre paints. Days later, a beautiful “ 13 ” appeared in frnt f us.
There was a 14 ending.
“Thanks, guys,” Gerge smiled, “I lve it s much. It will give me many great 15 here.”
S, yu see, there lies a beam (束) f light behind every dark clud. Jeff’s way f dealing with things did help.
1．A．giftB．phtC．letterD．lessn
2．A．easyB．largeC．perfectD．famus
3．A．hpeB．prideC．interestD．curage
4．A．rB．sC．a(chǎn)ndD．but
5．A．sadB．brightC．seriusD．strange
6．A．penedB．fixedC．cleanedD．painted
7．A．RunB．CmeC．JumpD．Stp
8．A．bravelyB．a(chǎn)ngrilyC．carefullyD．nervusly
9．A．gave upB．lked atC．turned dwnD．a(chǎn)greed with
10．A．warnedB．rderedC．reprtedD．suggested
11．A．tryB．talkC．restD．taste
12．A．putB．hidC．readD．threw
13．A．treeB．gateC．schlD．library
14．A．bringB．happyC．terribleD．cmmn
15．A．chicesB．changesC．decisinsD．memries
（四）
（2024·重慶·中考真題）I culd hardly believe my ears. I spke in a rush. “Oh, thank yu, sir!” I left the headmaster’s ffice, feeling 1 . I felt as tall as the sky. I wanted t shut, jump, r d smething.
I wuld get the beautiful gld and green 2 !
On the way hme, I remembered hw nervus I was when I asked Grandpa fr mney the day befre. I tld him that the rules were different. The schlarship (獎學(xué)金) jacket was nt free this year. I had t pay fifteen dllars, r it wuld be given t smene else. I was s sad when Grandpa 3 t pay. I culd remember his wrds. “ 4 yu pay fr it, it’s nt a schlarship jacket, is it? Tell yur headmaster I will nt pay the fifteen dllars.”
Grandpa didn’t fl me. I culdn’t 5 t tell Grandpa and ran straight t the field. But when I saw him, I slwed dwn. I jined him in pulling up the grass 6 my hands.
After I had a little pile (堆) f grass, I std up, 7 him and said, “I’m getting the schlarship jacket, Grandpa. That’s after I tld the headmaster what yu said. He said yu are 8 . The schlarship jacket is fr my highest grades. I dn’t have t pay fr it.” Grandpa didn’t say anything. He 9 smiled. After a while, he said, “Better g and see if yur grandmther needs any help with supper.”
I gave 10 a big smile and ran back t the huse.
1．A．a(chǎn)ngryB．greatC．yungD．tired
2．A．grassB．huseC．jacketD．field
3．A．refusedB．fferedC．a(chǎn)greedD．planned
4．A．UnlessB．UntilC．BefreD．If
5．A．waitB．expectC．decideD．frget
6．A．byB．inC．withD．n
7．A．mvedB．taughtC．dubtedD．faced
8．A．pliteB．rightC．wrngD．funny
9．A．justB．nceC．neverD．ften
10．A．meB．yuC．himD．her
（五）
（2024·江蘇南通·中考真題）Luke lived with his grandma during the last summer hlidays. He was curius abut everything in her grandma’s huse. One 1 he stle int the stre rm where his grandma kept her valuable cllectins. He knew she did nt like anyne t tuch her treasures, 2 her cup fr skating. Luke walked arund n tipte and felt the treasures ne after anther with excitement. He fund the cup wasn’t there. “Where is it?” he thught t himself. He raised his head and fund it! 3 it was n the tp f a shelf, he wanted t feel the cup again.
With the help f a ladder, Luke reached the cup. It was much heavier than it seemed. Luke 4 the cup and tried t get it dwn. While climbing dwn, Luke’s elbw struck against the ladder. He lst his 5 and fell dwn t the grund heavily. The 6 cup slipped ut f his hands and brke int tw halves.
Luke was t nervus t feel the 7 . He std up quickly and felt heartbrken. He picked up the brken pieces with his shaking hands, put them back t the 8 and left the stre rm quickly. Grandma was watching TV in the living rm. Luke went int his bedrm quietly s that his grandma wuldn’t 9 him.
That night was s 10 . He tssed and turned in bed. He culdn’t fall asleep till midnight. He wke up and lked at the clck many times. Time seemed t g much slwer. Early in the mrning, Luke kncked n grandma’s dr with 11 .
Grandma hugged Luke thughtfully and said, “That cup was 12 t me when I was nly ten years ld, I wn the first prize in my 13 cmpetitin.” Luke fllwed grandma t the stre rm. “I’m really srry, grandma.” Luke said 14 . With a smile, grandma tk dwn the brken glass cup and used glue t stick the brken pieces tgether. The cup was repaired miraculusly!
She cntinued, “When I was yung, I nce messed my uncle’s priceless painting. I was nt as 15 as yu. I didn’t tell the truth at first. It made me feel upset day and night. After a week’s struggle, I admitted my fault t my uncle. That was the mst unfrgettable mment. I think it is hnesty that matters mre than mistakes.”
1．A．nnB．nightC．mrningD．a(chǎn)fternn
2．A．prbablyB．ttallyC．simplyD．especially
3．A．UnlessB．SinceC．ThughD．Befre
4．A．hungB．chseC．liftedD．designed
5．A．purpseB．balanceC．interestD．cnfidence
6．A．gldB．plasticC．wdD．glass
7．A．painB．stressC．a(chǎn)ctinD．sickness
8．A．benchB．tableC．shelfD．grund
9．A．nticeB．excuseC．mindD．understand
10．A．darkB．quietC．cldD．lng
11．A．jyB．curageC．trustD．wisdm
12．A．brughtB．passedC．dnatedD．presented
13．A．paintingB．skatingC．firstD．last
14．A．sadlyB．rudelyC．nisilyD．a(chǎn)ngrily
15．A．braveB．carefulC．friendlyD．generus
（六）
（2024·江蘇徐州·中考真題）閱讀短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選擇最佳選項。
One ht day, three birds sat at the tp f a tree near a river. “There’s nthing t d,” said Pink Bird. “ 1 —nthing t d except sit in this big ld tree,” said Black Bird. “Yes,” said White Bird. “Anther 2 ht day.”
“Hey, birds,” said Crcdile (鱷魚). He was listening frm 3 , flating (漂浮) n the warm water. “See thse three large stnes n the bank? They are abut the same size. Let’s see which ne f yu can fly the highest while carrying ne f the stnes with yur feet, whever 4 will be the Best Flier.”
“What a great idea!” White Bird jumped ut f the tree and went fr the stnes. The ther 5 birds quickly fllwed.
“They wn’t fly far with the heavy stnes,” thught Crcdile. “When they fall int the 6 , I’ll get a free lunch!”
“Ready?” shuted Crcdile. “G!” Then he 7 , “Or shuld I say lunchtime?”
The three birds lifted ff 8 climbed high int the air.
Pink, black, and white feathers flated dwn frm the sky.
“ 9 birds,” Crcdile said with a huge, tthy smile. “I can’t believe they really listened t me.” He lked up, waiting fr them t fall ut f the sky, but they 10 flying.
After a while, the three birds flew 11 and rested with their stnes in the same tree.
“Oh, my dear! 12 yur bdies have changed because f the big stnes!” The flating Crcdile pened his muth wide and 13 lud and hard, waiting fr his free lunch.
“One, tw, g!” The three birds let g f their big stnes 14 . All three stnes drpped straight dwn, right int Crcdile’s huge, pen, laughing muth. The sudden 15 made him sink (沉) int the river. Only his eyes shwed abve the water.
Remember: Use ur head, and we will find a way ut.
1．A．Nt at allB．With pleasureC．I dn’t agreeD．That’s right
2．A．excitingB．interestingC．bringD．mving
3．A．belwB．a(chǎn)bveC．leftD．right
4．A．failsB．winsC．drpsD．rests
5．A．twB．threeC．furD．five
6．A．lakeB．seaC．streamD．river
7．A．explainedB．cmplainedC．whisperedD．cried
8．A．a(chǎn)ndB．butC．sD．r
9．A．CarelessB．SillyC．LazyD．Rude
10．A．stppedB．a(chǎn)videdC．practisedD．kept
11．A．a(chǎn)wayB．backC．highD．a(chǎn)rund
12．A．WhichB．WhyC．WhatD．Hw
13．A．laughedB．sangC．tastedD．breathed
14．A．a(chǎn)ll the timeB．fr the first timeC．a(chǎn)t the same timeD．a(chǎn)t times
15．A．niseB．windC．weightD．laugh
（七）
（2024·江蘇宿遷·中考真題）閱讀下面短文，從短文后每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。
In a peaceful muntain village, a father named Edward and his belved sn Bb lived in a small farmhuse.
Edward was a hard-wrking 1 wh wrked n his land every day. Bb was a lively and inncent (純真的) by, and he always fllwed his father arund. The sn culd ften learn smething 2 abut life frm his father.
One sunny mrning, Edward tk Bb t the yard. He 3 t several huge stnes lying n the grund, and said with a smile, “Sn, 4 these stnes, they are in the way nw. What can we d?”
“Can we mve them 5 ?” Bb thught fr a while and asked.
“Gd idea! Maybe yu can d it!” ndded the father.
Bb’s eyes lit up with excitement, and he rushed ver t 6 pushing ne f the large stnes. Hwever, n matter hw hard he tried, the stne 7 there.
Bb, feeling a little sad, said, “Dad, I tried t mve it just nw, but it didn’t mve 8 . I have tried my best. I have given it my all. I’ve used up all my 9 .” Edward smiled sftly and replied, “N, sn, yu haven’t used up all yur strength. Yu haven’t 10 fr help.”
With these wrds, Edward bent dwn, lifted a heavy stne and began mving 11 . He tried hard and finally mved it t ne side f the rad. Bb 12 his father in amazement when his father prved his wrds with his actin.
13 Edward mved the stne, he turned t Bb and said, “Facing challenges with a determined (堅毅的) spirit is imprtant. 14 , yur wn strength is limited. When a task is beynd yur ability, yu can chse t 15 strength frm thse arund yu.”
Frm then n, he learned t ask fr help and cperate (合作) with thers, understanding the imprtance f teamwrk.
1．A．wrkerB．dctrC．farmerD．teacher
2．A．usefulB．uselessC．harmfulD．harmless
3．A．repliedB．pintedC．a(chǎn)ddedD．psted
4．A．lk afterB．lk frC．lk atD．lk thrugh
5．A．dwnB．nC．a(chǎn)wayD．up
6．A．a(chǎn)vidB．finishC．suggestD．try
7．A．jumpedB．remainedC．disappearedD．changed
8．A．in allB．a(chǎn)bve allC．a(chǎn)t allD．a(chǎn)fter all
9．A．mneyB．strengthC．timeD．a(chǎn)dvice
10．A．a(chǎn)skedB．madeC．preparedD．paid
11．A．themB．itC．himD．us
12．A．watchedB．sharedC．decidedD．missed
13．A．UnlessB．BefreC．AfterD．If
14．A．ThenB．HweverC．OtherwiseD．Almst
15．A．buyB．stpC．carryD．brrw
第23講 完形填空之記敘文
目 錄
\l "考情透視" 考情透視·目標(biāo)導(dǎo)航2
\l "知識導(dǎo)圖" 知識導(dǎo)圖·思維引航2
\l "考點突破" 考點突破·考法探究4 TOC \ "1-3" \h \z \u
\l "_Tc17962" 1.完形填空題型特點 PAGEREF _Tc17962 \h 4
\l "_Tc20752" 2.記敘文類完形填空解題要點 PAGEREF _Tc20752 \h 4
\l "_Tc14876" 3.高分技巧 PAGEREF _Tc14876 \h 4
\l "_Tc10284" 考點二 句內(nèi)層次題 PAGEREF _Tc10284 \h 5
\l "_Tc268" 考點三 句組層次題 PAGEREF _Tc268 \h 7
\l "_Tc18757" 考點四 語篇層次題 PAGEREF _Tc18757 \h 8
\l "_Tc8093" 考點五 解題技巧 PAGEREF _Tc8093 \h 9
\l "_Tc29494" 1.鎖定首句，整體預(yù)判 PAGEREF _Tc29494 \h 9
\l "_Tc2426" 2.利用復(fù)現(xiàn)，尋找答案 PAGEREF _Tc2426 \h 9
\l "_Tc5299" 3.結(jié)合語境，進行推斷 PAGEREF _Tc5299 \h 9
\l "_Tc17770" 4.分析邏輯，判斷答案 PAGEREF _Tc17770 \h 9
\l "_Tc18126" 5.夯實詞匯，辨析詞義 PAGEREF _Tc18126 \h 10
\l "_Tc10236" 6.依據(jù)常識，確定答案 PAGEREF _Tc10236 \h 10
目標(biāo)導(dǎo)航：
1.了解完型填空的考點分析和考查內(nèi)容
2.掌握詞匯基本用法
3.掌握答題技巧，明確答題步驟
考點一 題型破解
1.完形填空題型特點
近年中考完形填空文章長度250詞左右，選材來自英美國家的主流書刊或正規(guī)網(wǎng)站，題材多樣化，遵循“文章內(nèi)容生活化”原則，體現(xiàn)正確的人生觀、價值觀，傳遞正能量。
主題語境包含人與社會、人與自我、人與自然，體裁以記敘文為主，說明文和夾敘夾議文為輔。文章要求考生在正確理解語篇主旨大意的同時，注重揣摩不同詞語、句子及篇章結(jié)構(gòu)之間的聯(lián)系。
中考命題點：完形填空遵循“以實詞為主、虛詞為輔、突出詞匯語境化”的命題原則，。語言簡單，長句不多，沒有生僻字。對動詞、名詞和形容詞的考查最多，對一詞多義、熟詞生義進行適當(dāng)行適當(dāng)考查
2.記敘文類完形填空解題要點
3.高分技巧
（1）分析命題規(guī)律，掌握解題策略
句內(nèi)層次題：解題信息分布在本句內(nèi)部，瞻前顧后，左顧右盼，邊讀邊填。
句組層次題：解題信息分布在設(shè)空處前后的一組句子中，瞻前顧后尋找暗示。
語篇層次題：解題信息分布在語篇的某一處甚至全篇，需要綜合推斷。
（2）具備全文意識
①速度全文知主旨：根據(jù)首句給出的提示，快速通讀全文，借助文中的關(guān)鍵詞，簡要了解文章大意，，理清脈絡(luò)，把握中心。寫作要素都緊緊圍繞這一中心進行。抓住中心主旨大意有助于明確做題方向，提高針對性。
②先易后難加連貫：記敘文的最終目的是借助敘事來闡明一個道理，給人以啟迪或教益。因此，在閱讀時根據(jù)題型特點解答出較容易的題后，應(yīng)當(dāng)結(jié)合上下文，分析具體情節(jié)，認(rèn)真體會文字背后的東西，才能洞悉作者的態(tài)度和觀點，推斷出更難一些的態(tài)度判斷題。
③復(fù)讀全文驗答案：填空全部完成后，將選項代入原文，通讀一遍，看讀文是否流暢、語意是否連貫，對感到很不通順的地方，可以從語法、詞文、習(xí)慣用法、固定搭配、背景知識等方面進一步驗證和確定答案。
（3）選項考點明辨析
重點在上下文語境理解上，詞匯運用次之。每小題給出的單詞多為同一類詞。所設(shè)的選項更具有干擾性，更加強調(diào)對語境的考查。
①動詞：動詞的詞義辨析。形似、意近、根據(jù)語境辨析的。包括動詞詞組。
②名詞：名詞的詞義辨析。形似、意近、根據(jù)語境辨析的。
③形容詞：形容詞的詞義辨析。形似、意近、根據(jù)語境辨析的。
④副詞：副詞的詞義辨析。形似、意近、根據(jù)語境辨析的。
考點二 句內(nèi)層次題
句內(nèi)層次題：解題信息分布在本句內(nèi)部，瞻前顧后，左顧右盼，邊讀邊填。理清記敘文的寫作要素和作者的情感態(tài)度，及時調(diào)整思維方式，理清上下文之間的邏輯關(guān)系，在充分把握語境的基礎(chǔ)上，辨析詞語，進一步把握作者的觀點、態(tài)度，找到正確答案。
重視首句，把握文章主題。
分析結(jié)構(gòu)，抓住作者觀點態(tài)度。
3. 利用上下文，關(guān)注過渡詞，理清邏輯關(guān)系。
例1：（2024·北京·中考真題）
Every summer, Serena spent tw weeks at Green Farm’s hrseback riding camp. Last year, Serena and her favrite hrse Piper finished secnd in the bstacle curse (障礙賽賽道) race.
“I can’t wait t ride Piper,” Serena tld Rse, her cach. Rse smiled and said, “Srry, but we need t save Piper fr ur newer 1 this year. She’s ne f the best-behaved hrses. Hw abut yu try riding Harley?”
Serena felt 2 and was a little scared (害怕的) at the sight f Harley, the tallest hrse, but she stayed hpeful. As she was trying t ride Harley, he went up n his back legs, thrwing Serena ff. She landed n the hard grund, her eyes filled with tears.
1．A．leadersB．ridersC．climbersD．drivers
2．A．stupidB．disappintedC．cmfrtableD．lucky
【文章大意】本文主要講述了Serena克服恐懼和Harley一起贏得獎杯的故事。
1．句意：抱歉，但我們得把Piper留給今年新來的騎手。
leader領(lǐng)導(dǎo)；rider騎手；climber登山者；driver司機。根據(jù)“Every summer, Serena spent tw weeks at Green Farm’s hrseback riding camp.”及語境可知，此處表示要把Piper留給新的騎手。故選B。
2．句意：Serena一看到那匹最高的馬Harley，就感到失望和有點害怕，但她仍然抱有希望。
stupid愚蠢的；disappinted失望的；cmfrtable 舒服的；lucky幸運的。根據(jù)上文中的“I can’t wait t ride Piper”、下文中的“was a little scared (害怕的) at the sight f Harley”及語境可知，Serena不能騎她想騎的馬，因此感到失望。故選B。
例2：（2024·四川·中考真題）I’m Cathy, a middle schl student. Last summer vacatin, I became a vlunteer. I vlunteered in a children’s center. There were abut 50 children there. I 1 sme babies and elder children.
I liked helping ut in the baby rms. Thse babies were s small and lvely. At first, I felt a little 2 t see thse babies because their parents left them there and had t wrk.
1．A．waited frB．lked afterC．listened tD．talked abut
2．A．hungryB．sadC．excitedD．relaxed
【文章大意】本文主要講述了作者在一個兒童中心做志愿者時的工作經(jīng)歷。
1． 句意：我照顧一些嬰兒和大一點的孩子。
waited fr等待；lked after照顧；listened t聽；talked abut談?wù)?。根?jù)“I liked helping ut in the baby rms”可知是照顧嬰兒和孩子。故選B。
2．句意：起初，看到那些嬰兒時我感到有點難過，因為他們的父母把他們留在那里去工作了。
hungry饑餓的；sad悲傷的；excited興奮的；relaxed放松的。根據(jù)“because their parents left them there and had t wrk”可知他們的父母把他們留在這里，作者感到很難過。故選B。
例3：（2024·福建·中考真題）
With music in her heart, she becmes mre 10 and wants t plant her feet in the field f music in the future.
10．A．a(chǎn)ctiveB．upsetC．silent
10．句意：心中有了音樂，她變得更加積極，想要在未來的音樂領(lǐng)域站穩(wěn)腳跟。
active積極的；upset沮喪的；silent寂靜的。根據(jù)“With music in her heart, she becmes wants t plant her feet in the field f music in the future.”可知，心中有了音樂，她變得更加積極，故選A。
考點三 句組層次題
解題信息分布在空格前后的一組意群之中，解題時需前瞻后顧，綜合意群信息解答。即：本句信息不足填，空格前后再找信息源。
1．利用語義復(fù)現(xiàn)解題
利用作者態(tài)度或感情色彩關(guān)聯(lián)解題
3．利用邏輯關(guān)系解題
4．利用語境暗示分析法解題
例1：（2024·福建·中考真題）閱讀下面短文，從每小題所給的A、B、C三個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳答案。
Zeng Xiameng became blind a few mnths after she was brn because f an illness. Years ag, she talked t her parents abut her dream f learning t sing . S they sent her t a special educatin schl.
It is nt 2 fr Zeng t learn sngs. She needs t use Braille (盲文) t read the wrds f sngs. She als needs t practice the sngs repeatedly. 3 it usually takes her at least a mnth t learn a sng, she never gives up.
2．A．badB．wiseC．easy
3．A．UnlessB．BecauseC．Althugh
【文章大意】本文主要介紹了一個盲人女孩追逐音樂夢想的故事。
2．句意：曾學(xué)歌并不容易。
bad壞的；wise明智的；easy容易的。根據(jù)“She needs t use Braille (盲文) t read the wrds f sngs. She als needs t practice the sngs repeatedly.”可知，她需要用盲文來讀歌詞，她還需要反復(fù)練習(xí)這些歌曲，所以曾學(xué)歌并不容易。故選C。
3．句意：雖然她通常要花至少一個月的時間來學(xué)習(xí)一首歌，但她從不放棄。
Unless除非；Because因為；Althugh雖然。前后兩句構(gòu)成讓步關(guān)系，用Althugh連接，故選C。
考點四 語篇層次題
語篇層次題要求考生理解整篇文章，抓住全文的脈絡(luò)、作者的思想、意圖或主人公的心理，然后進行準(zhǔn)確的推理、判斷，從而做出正確的選擇。這類題難度較大，一篇完形填空中，大約有2～3道此類題。不急于解答，讀完全文后綜合思維再做判定。語篇層次題的解答必須立足于整個語篇，因此在解題時對這類題目不能急于解答，要把握記敘文的主旨大意，跨越段落，順藤摸瓜，仔細(xì)比對，最終得出答案。
利用語義復(fù)現(xiàn)解題
利用總分結(jié)構(gòu)或?qū)Ρ冉Y(jié)構(gòu)分析法解題
利用邏輯關(guān)系解題
語篇層次題：解題線索分布在某一段或幾段相隔，甚至全篇，距離較遠(yuǎn)，更需瞻前顧后，謹(jǐn)記“文中無廢句，句中無閑詞”，并根據(jù)邏輯意思、句法分析、固定搭配、排除法、詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)、邏輯關(guān)系、背景常識等方法瞻前顧后、合理推斷、耐心作答。
例1：（2024·浙江·中考真題）
Bruce listened as Mike talked abut his favrite sngs. And they shared the head-phnes, singing sftly alng with the music 14 Bruce gt ff at his stp.
“See yu tmrrw!” Mike said.
Bruce waved gdbye. “I must tell Mm hw I 15 Mike and we had the best headphnes n,” he smiled t himself.
14．A．ifB．a(chǎn)fterC．untilD．a(chǎn)lthugh
15．A．metB．invitedC．caughtD．fllwed
【文章大意】本文主要介紹了Bruce很害羞，他很喜歡音樂，他在公交車上遇到了同樣喜歡音樂的Mike，他們相談甚歡，玩得很開心。
14．句意：他們共用耳機，隨著音樂輕聲歌唱，直到Bruce在車站下車。
if如果；after在……之后；until直到；althugh雖然。 根據(jù)“And they shared the head-phnes, singing sftly alng with the gt ff at his stp.”可知他們一直在交流，直到Bruce下車。故選C。
15．句意：我必須告訴媽媽我是怎么認(rèn)識Mike的，我們戴著耳機度過了最美好的時光。
met遇見；invited邀請；caught抓?。籪llwed跟隨。根據(jù)“I must tell Mm hw ”可知是如何遇到Mike。故選A。
考點五 解題技巧
完形填空的解題技能要求較高，考試應(yīng)當(dāng)具有較強的聚合思維并保持注意力高度集中。在具體的解題中，還需掌握以下解題方法：
1.鎖定首句，整體預(yù)判。
完形填空的首句一般不設(shè)空。首句往往開宗明義，是文章的主題。通過首句往往能確定文章的體裁、背景、寫作意圖或中心思想。從2024年福建中考英語完形填空的首句Zeng Xiameng became blind a few mnths after she was brn because f an illness. 可知，是講述盲人女孩的記敘文。
2.利用復(fù)現(xiàn)，尋找答案。
在完形填空中，同一個單詞在上下文中重復(fù)出現(xiàn)的情況很常見，我們把這種情況稱為詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)。詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)包括原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)，同義復(fù)現(xiàn)，反義復(fù)現(xiàn)，代詞復(fù)現(xiàn)等。復(fù)現(xiàn)詞匯的語用意義使得語篇中的句子相互銜接和連貫，從而構(gòu)成一個完整而又有機的整體。因此要學(xué)會充分利用這些詞匯提供的有效信息進行合理推斷，選出正確答案。
3.結(jié)合語境，進行推斷。
完形填空必須通篇理解，從整體角度考慮，結(jié)合上下文語境才能判斷出最佳答案。上下文信息可以出現(xiàn)在同一句、前后句、前后段中，或者出現(xiàn)在文章的開頭或結(jié)尾部分，因此答題時要聯(lián)系上下文，結(jié)合首尾，進行句內(nèi)推斷或句間推斷。
4.分析邏輯，判斷答案。
完形填空中的題目側(cè)重考查學(xué)生對文章前后邏輯關(guān)系的精準(zhǔn)判斷。解答此類題目時要關(guān)注連詞的功能，關(guān)注詞匯的多義性，從具體語境入手，順著文章的思路，依據(jù)給出的上下文信息進行分析。
邏輯關(guān)系包括并列、原因、結(jié)果、讓步、轉(zhuǎn)折、時間順序、目的、條件、選擇等，依靠不同的連詞來表達(dá)，如and，but，s，hwever，since，because，first f all，then，finally，fr example，r等，它們在文章中起著“篇章紐帶”的作用，可以作為做完形填空題的路標(biāo)。
5.夯實詞匯，辨析詞義。
完形填空題對詞匯知識的考查，主要體現(xiàn)在固定搭配和同義詞、近義詞的辨析兩方面。要做好這類題，需要有較大的詞匯量和較好的詞語搭配能力、詞語辨析能力，特別是在特定的語境中能靈活運用詞匯的能力。
完形填空的四個選項形式完全相同，如都是動詞原形、名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式等。所以要注意他們在意義和搭配上的細(xì)微差別，形義兼顧。同時，要把這些選項放到特定的語境里進行區(qū)分，從而選出正確答案。
6.依據(jù)常識，確定答案。
完形填空的文章內(nèi)容往往與文化生活、史地知識、生活科技等相關(guān)，有些內(nèi)容是我們已經(jīng)掌握的生活常識。知識范圍越廣，越有利于文章的理解。因而答題時要充分調(diào)動相關(guān)知識幫助我們分析、推斷，最終確定答案。
典例引領(lǐng)
（一）
（2024·浙江·中考真題）Bruce lves music because it makes him feel easy. He is shy, and making friends has been 2 fr him. That’s why his mther asked him t take the 1 this year. “Yu’d better nt sit there with yur headphnes n,” she tld him.
Bruce ndded. But the mment he sat n the bus, he 3 his headphnes and clsed his eyes. He was sn lst in a sng f his favrite band, the Blue-Bb. 4 , he sensed smene arund him. He pened his eyes and saw a by frm his 5 .
“Hey, Bruce? I’m Mike,” the by said. “I think we bth take the music class. Did I hear 6 singing a sng by the Blue-Bb just nw?”
“Uh, n,” Bruce’s face turned red, “That wasn’t me.” Mike lked a little 7 . Withut saying anything, he went away.
Fr the next few days, Bruce kept asking himself 8 he had lied t Mike. “Maybe he als lves the Blue-Bb. Maybe he was just being 9 ,” he thught. S when they saw each ther n the bus the next day, Bruce managed t 10 a smile n his face.
“Hi, Bruce,” Mike said. “I can hear yur 11 every day, and yu have such a gd taste.”
Bruce’s eyes lit up. “Dn’t yu think the sngs are t 12 ?” he asked. “Nt at all,” Mike answered. “I lve sngs f the past t. My grandpa is really int music, and he has 13 me t sing many f them.”
Bruce listened as Mike talked abut his favrite sngs. And they shared the head-phnes, singing sftly alng with the music 14 Bruce gt ff at his stp.
“See yu tmrrw!” Mike said.
Bruce waved gdbye. “I must tell Mm hw I 15 Mike and we had the best headphnes n,” he smiled t himself.
1．A．funnyB．hardC．bringD．relaxing
2．A．carB．taxiC．busD．train
3．A．put nB．tk awayC．paid frD．gave up
4．A．ActuallyB．LuckilyC．NaturallyD．Suddenly
5．A．stryB．gradeC．labD．dream
6．A．himB．herC．yuD．them
7．A．wrriedB．excitedC．tiredD．surprised
8．A．whyB．hwC．whenD．whether
9．A．patientB．hnestC．prudD．friendly
10．A．wearB．hideC．winD．find
11．A．newsB．musicC．nameD．ideas
12．A．sadB．ldC．slwD．serius
13．A．chsenB．a(chǎn)llwedC．taughtD．rdered
14．A．ifB．a(chǎn)fterC．untilD．a(chǎn)lthugh
15．A．metB．invitedC．caughtD．fllwed
【答案】
1．B 2．C 3．A 4．D 5．B 6．C 7．D 8．A 9．D 10．A 11．B 12．B 13．C 14．C 15．A
【導(dǎo)語】本文主要介紹了Bruce很害羞，他很喜歡音樂，他在公交車上遇到了同樣喜歡音樂的Mike，他們相談甚歡，玩得很開心。
1．句意：他很害羞，交朋友對他來說很難。
funny有趣的；hard難的；bring無聊的；relaxing令人放松的。 根據(jù)“He is shy”可知他很害羞，所以交朋友很困難。故選B。
2．句意：這就是為什么他媽媽讓他今年坐公共汽車。
car汽車；taxi出租車；bus公交車；train火車。根據(jù)“But the mment he sat n the bus”可知是乘坐公交車。故選C。
3．句意：但當(dāng)他坐在公共汽車上的那一刻，他戴上耳機，閉上了眼睛。
put n戴上；tk away拿走；paid fr支付；gave up放棄。根據(jù)“his headphnes and clsed his eyes”可知是戴上耳機，閉上眼睛聽音樂。故選A。
4．句意：突然，他感覺到周圍有人。
Actually實際上；Luckily幸運地；Naturally自然地；Suddenly突然。根據(jù)“he sensed smene arund him.”可知是突然感到周圍有人。故選D。
5．句意：他睜開眼睛，看見一個同年級的男孩。
stry故事；grade年級；lab實驗室；dream夢想。根據(jù)“He pened his eyes and saw a by frm his”以及“I think we bth take the music class”可知是同一個年級。故選B。
6．句意：我剛才聽到你唱Blue-Bb的歌了嗎？
him他；her她；yu你；them他們。 根據(jù)“Did I ”可知直接引語中說聽見“你”在唱歌。故選C。
7．句意：Mike看起來有點驚訝。
wrried擔(dān)心的；excited興奮的；tired勞累的；surprised驚訝的。根據(jù)“Withut saying anything, he went away.”可知Mike聽到Bruce在唱歌，但是Bruce卻說不是自己，所以Mike感到吃驚。故選D。
8．句意：在接下來的幾天里，Bruce一直在問自己為什么對Mike撒謊。
why為什么；hw如何；when什么時候；whether是否。根據(jù)“he had lied t Mike”可知是問自己為什么要對他說謊。故選A。
9．句意：也許他只是出于友好。
patient耐心的；hnest善良的；prud驕傲的；friendly友好的。根據(jù)“Maybe he was just being”可知他和自己說話只是想友好一點。故選D。
10．句意：所以當(dāng)他們第二天在公共汽車上見面時，Bruce臉上露出了笑容。
wear穿戴；hide隱藏；win贏；find發(fā)現(xiàn)。 根據(jù)“a smile n his face”可知是面帶微笑，wear符合語境。故選A。
11．句意：我每天都能聽到你的音樂，而且你很有品味。
news新聞；music音樂；name名字；ideas想法。根據(jù)“singing a sng”以及“and yu have such a gd taste.”可知是能聽到他的音樂。故選B。
12．句意：你不覺得這些歌太老了嗎？
sad傷心的；ld老的；slw慢的；serius嚴(yán)肅的。根據(jù)“I lve sngs f the past t”可知是過去的老音樂。故選B。
13．句意：我爺爺真的很喜歡音樂，他教我唱了很多歌。
chsen選擇；allwed允許；taught教；rdered命令。根據(jù)“me t sing many f them”可知是他爺爺教他唱歌。故選C。
14．句意：他們共用耳機，隨著音樂輕聲歌唱，直到Bruce在車站下車。
if如果；after在……之后；until直到；althugh雖然。 根據(jù)“And they shared the head-phnes, singing sftly alng with the gt ff at his stp.”可知他們一直在交流，直到Bruce下車。故選C。
15．句意：我必須告訴媽媽我是怎么認(rèn)識Mike的，我們戴著耳機度過了最美好的時光。
met遇見；invited邀請；caught抓住；fllwed跟隨。根據(jù)“I must tell Mm hw ”可知是如何遇到Mike。故選A。
（二）
（2024·廣東廣州·中考真題）閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，然后從各題所給的A、B、C和D項中選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。
“Hell, Mr Li,” I said sweetly. “I came t ask if I culd help paint the psters fr the Reading Day. I dn’t mind 1 fr the whle day at the library tmrrw.”
“Aren’t yu ging t the ld peple’s hme?” Mr Li asked
“My class is ging. But I culd have a/an 2 if yu need my help.”
“Thanks, Janet. But I think yu culd cme after schl tmrrw.”
3 , there was n way ut. I had t g.
The next day, when my classmates were talking with the ld peple, I really felt nervus t 4 any f them. I sat there n my wn hlding the card I made the night befre.
Acrss the rm there was an ld lady in a wheelchair. She was 5 , t. Maybe I culd hand my card t her. It might brighten her day. S carefully, I went t her.
“Thank yu, Janet.” The ld lady reached fr the card but her hand was nwhere near it. I suddenly realized that she was 6 .
“What des yur card lk like?” The ld lady asked. I 7 my card patiently. Her fingers tuched every inch f it. She culdn’t enjy mre…
T sn, it was time t return. But I didn’t want t 8 .
“Thanks fr yur cming, Janet! I’ll keep this card t remember yu.”
“I’m srry yu can’t see it. I wished I had brught yu a better gift,” I said
“The best gift,” the ld lady said, “was yur 9 , Janet.”
With tears, I felt light and warm. I culdn’t wait t cme back t see my new 10 again.
1．A．readingB．discussingC．relaxingD．wrking
2．A．ideaB．lessnC．excuseD．gift
3．A．ClearlyB．StrangelyC．LuckilyD．Suddenly
4．A．a(chǎn)cceptB．jinC．inviteD．guide
5．A．a(chǎn)lneB．a(chǎn)ctiveC．readyD．busy
6．A．tiredB．blindC．seriusD．wrried
7．A．changedB．cmparedC．describedD．prepared
8．A．frgetB．leaveC．prmiseD．imagine
9．A．returnB．planC．classD．visit
10．A．friendB．teacherC．classmateD．neighbur
【答案】
1．D 2．C 3．A 4．B 5．A 6．B 7．C 8．B 9．D 10．A
【文章大意】本文主要介紹了作者在去老人院的時候，遇到了一位坐輪椅的老婦人，這位老婦人是盲人，但是她們相處很愉快，作者也渴望再次見到這位新朋友。
1．句意：我不介意明天在圖書館工作一整天。
reading讀；discussing討論；relaxing放松；wrking工作。根據(jù)“I came t ask if I culd help paint the psters fr the Reading Day”可知作者不介意工作一整天，所以去詢問是否能幫忙畫閱讀日的海報。故選D。
2．句意：但如果你需要我的幫助，我可以找個借口。
idea想法；lessn課；excuse借口；gift禮物。根據(jù)“if yu need my help”可知是如果需要幫助畫海報，可以找借口不去老人院。故選C。
3．句意：顯然，沒有辦法。
clearly清晰地；strangely奇怪地；luckily幸運地；suddennly突然。根據(jù)“I had t g”可知很顯然，作者必須要去老人院。故選A。
4．句意：第二天，當(dāng)我的同學(xué)們和老人們聊天時，我真的很緊張加入他們中的任何一個。
accept接受；jin加入；invite邀請；guide引領(lǐng)。根據(jù)“ I sat there n my wn”可知作者一個人坐在那里，沒有加入他們的聊天。故選B。
5．句意：她也獨自一人。
alne獨自；active積極的；ready準(zhǔn)備好的；busy忙的。根據(jù)“ I sat there n my wn”可知這個老婦人和作者一樣，也是獨自一個人。故選A。
6．句意：我突然意識到她是個盲人。
tired勞累的；blind失明的；serius嚴(yán)肅的；wrried擔(dān)心的。根據(jù)“The ld lady reached fr the card but her hand was nwhere near it”可知這個老婦人伸手去拿卡片，但她的手根本沒靠近，可見她是一個盲人。故選B。
7．句意：我耐心地描述了我的卡片。
changed改變；cmpared比較；described描述；prepared準(zhǔn)備。根據(jù)“my card patiently”可知她是盲人，所以作者是給她描述卡片。故選C。
8．句意：但我不想離開。
frget忘記；leave離開；prmise承諾；imagine想象。根據(jù)“T sn, it was time t return. But I didn’t want t”可知作者不想離開。故選B。
9．句意：“最好的禮物，”老太太說，“就是你的來訪，珍妮特?！?br>return歸還；plan計劃；class班級；visit參觀。根據(jù)“Thanks fr yur cming, Janet”可知老婦人認(rèn)為作者的拜訪就是最好的禮物。故選D。
10．句意：我迫不及待地想再次見到我的新朋友。
friend朋友；teacher老師；classmate同學(xué)；neighbur鄰居。根據(jù)“I culdn’t wait t cme back t see my new”可知作者把這個老婦人當(dāng)作了自己的朋友。故選A。
（三）
（2024·湖北·中考真題）Our art teacher Gerge was leaving sn fr his cuntry. I was preparing a special 1 fr him. It was a hand-drawn picture bk abut ur schl. I wrked a lng time, trying t make each picture as 2 as pssible.
One day, I was drawing while my little sister Becky was watching with great 3 . Just then, my classmate Jeff drpped by.
“Hi! Peter, want t play basketball in the yard?” he asked.
“I’d like t, 4 it’s t cld utside!” I replied.
“Exactly!” he said. “It’s the perfect weather fr nt getting t ht.”
That’s a cl thing abut Jeff. He always lks n the 5 side f almst everything.
“Let’s g!” We went ut, leaving the drawings n the table.
We laughed as we returned. When I 6 the dr, my heart nearly stpped. Right there, Becky was clring my pictures.
“ 7 , Becky!” I rushed t her, but it was t late. Almst every page was clred.
“What did yu d?” I shuted 8 .
“I just wanted t help.” She began t cry.
“My drawings are gne frever!” I felt frustrated (懊惱的) and 9 Jeff fr help.
“Unless…” said Jeff.
“Unless what?” I asked.
“Remember the jigsaw puzzle (拼圖)? We can create smething new frm these messy pictures.” Jeff 10 .
“Can we make it?” I dubted.
“I’m nt sure, but we can have a 11 .” He encuraged.
First, we cut the drawings int shapes, such as ur brwn teaching buildings, green playgrund and s n. Then, we 12 all these pieces tgether and made a jigsaw. Finally, we even added mre paints. Days later, a beautiful “ 13 ” appeared in frnt f us.
There was a 14 ending.
“Thanks, guys,” Gerge smiled, “I lve it s much. It will give me many great 15 here.”
S, yu see, there lies a beam (束) f light behind every dark clud. Jeff’s way f dealing with things did help.
1．A．giftB．phtC．letterD．lessn
2．A．easyB．largeC．perfectD．famus
3．A．hpeB．prideC．interestD．curage
4．A．rB．sC．a(chǎn)ndD．but
5．A．sadB．brightC．seriusD．strange
6．A．penedB．fixedC．cleanedD．painted
7．A．RunB．CmeC．JumpD．Stp
8．A．bravelyB．a(chǎn)ngrilyC．carefullyD．nervusly
9．A．gave upB．lked atC．turned dwnD．a(chǎn)greed with
10．A．warnedB．rderedC．reprtedD．suggested
11．A．tryB．talkC．restD．taste
12．A．putB．hidC．readD．threw
13．A．treeB．gateC．schlD．library
14．A．bringB．happyC．terribleD．cmmn
15．A．chicesB．changesC．decisinsD．memries
【答案】
1．A 2．C 3．C 4．D 5．B 6．A 7．D 8．B 9．B 10．D 11．A 12．A 13．C 14．B 15．D
【文章大意】本文是一篇記敘文，主要講述了彼得給美術(shù)老師準(zhǔn)備了一份特別的禮物——手繪畫畫書，但是在制作過程中被妹妹弄壞了。后來在朋友杰夫的建議下，彼得將壞了的圖畫制成了“學(xué)?！逼磮D，美術(shù)老師非常喜歡這份禮物。
1．句意：我正在為他準(zhǔn)備一份特別的禮物。
gift禮物；pht照片；letter信；lessn課堂。根據(jù)“I was preparing a special…fr him. It was a hand-drawn picture bk abut ur schl.”可知，此處指彼得準(zhǔn)備手繪畫畫書作為禮物送給美術(shù)老師。故選A。
2．句意：我花了很長時間，努力使每幅畫盡可能完美。
easy容易的；large大的；perfect完美的；famus著名的。根據(jù)“I wrked a lng time, trying t make each picture as…as pssible.”可知，彼得想讓每幅畫都盡可能完美。故選C。
3．句意：一天，我正在畫畫，我的小妹妹貝基興致勃勃地看著。
hpe希望；pride驕傲；interest興趣；curage勇氣。根據(jù)“I was drawing while my little sister Becky was watching with great…”及“Right there, Becky was clring my pictures.”可知，妹妹對彼得的繪畫很感興趣，所以后來在畫上亂涂亂畫。故選C。
4．句意：“我很想去，但是外面太冷了！”我回答。
r或者；s因此；and和；but但是。根據(jù)“I’d like t, …it’s t cld utside”可知，前后文之間是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，用but連接。故選D。
5．句意：他幾乎對任何事情都持樂觀態(tài)度。
sad悲傷的；bright明亮的；serius嚴(yán)肅的；strange奇怪的。根據(jù)“It’s the perfect weather fr nt getting t ht.”可知，外面很冷，但是杰夫卻認(rèn)為這樣的天氣正合適，他對一切都持有樂觀態(tài)度。lk n the bright side f sth.“對某事抱有樂觀態(tài)度”。故選B。
6．句意：當(dāng)我打開門時，我的心幾乎停止了跳動。
pened打開；fixed修理；cleaned清潔；painted涂漆。根據(jù)“We laughed as we returned. When I…the dr”可知，彼得打球回來，一打開門就發(fā)現(xiàn)妹妹在畫上亂涂亂畫。故選A。
7．句意：“停下，貝基！”
Run跑；Cme來；Jump跳；Stp停止。根據(jù)“Right there, Becky was clring my pictures.”可知，妹妹正在畫上亂涂亂畫，彼得讓妹妹停下來。故選D。
8．句意：“你做了什么？”我憤怒地喊道。
bravely勇敢地；angrily生氣地；carefully認(rèn)真地；nervusly緊張地。根據(jù)“I rushed t her, but it was t late. Almst every page was clred”可知，妹妹把彼得的畫弄壞了，彼得感到生氣。故選B。
9．句意：“我的畫一去不復(fù)返了！”我感到沮喪，看著杰夫?qū)で髱椭?br>gave up放棄；lked at看；turned dwn拒絕；agreed with同意。根據(jù)“I felt frustrated (懊惱的) and…Jeff fr help.”可知，彼得看著杰夫，想要尋求幫助。故選B。
10．句意：“還記得拼圖游戲嗎？我們可以從這些凌亂的圖片中創(chuàng)造一些新的東西?！苯芊蚪ㄗh道。
warned警告；rdered命令；reprted報道；suggested建議。根據(jù)“Remember the jigsaw puzzle (拼圖)? We can create smething new frm these messy pictures.”可知，此處是杰夫提出了一個建議。故選D。
11．句意：“我不確定，但我們可以試一試?！彼膭畹?。
try嘗試；talk談話；rest休息；taste嘗起來。根據(jù)“I’m nt sure, but we can have a…”可知，杰夫鼓勵彼得嘗試一下新方法。have a try“嘗試”。故選A。
12．句意：然后，我們把所有這些碎片放在一起，做了一個拼圖。
put放置；hid隱藏；read閱讀；threw扔。根據(jù)“we…all these pieces tgether”可知，此處指把所有的碎片放在一起。故選A。
13．句意：幾天后，一所美麗的“學(xué)?！背霈F(xiàn)在我們面前。
tree樹木；gate大門；schl學(xué)校；library圖書館。根據(jù)“such as ur brwn teaching buildings, green playgrund and s n”可知，他們將圖畫剪成了教學(xué)樓、操場等形狀，最后拼接在一起，成為了“學(xué)?！?。故選C。
14．句意：有一個快樂的結(jié)局。
bring無聊的；happy開心的；terrible糟糕的；cmmn普通的。根據(jù)“‘Thanks, guys,’ Gerge smiled, ‘I lve it s much. It will give me many great…h(huán)ere.’”可知，美術(shù)老師很喜歡這份禮物，所以最后的結(jié)局是開心的。故選B。
15．句意：它會給我很多美好的回憶。
chices選擇；changes改變；decisins決定；memries回憶。根據(jù)“‘Thanks, guys,’ Gerge smiled, ‘I lve it s much. It will give me many great…h(huán)ere.’”可知，彼得的禮物會留給美術(shù)老師很多美好回憶。故選D。
（四）
（2024·重慶·中考真題）I culd hardly believe my ears. I spke in a rush. “Oh, thank yu, sir!” I left the headmaster’s ffice, feeling 1 . I felt as tall as the sky. I wanted t shut, jump, r d smething.
I wuld get the beautiful gld and green 2 !
On the way hme, I remembered hw nervus I was when I asked Grandpa fr mney the day befre. I tld him that the rules were different. The schlarship (獎學(xué)金) jacket was nt free this year. I had t pay fifteen dllars, r it wuld be given t smene else. I was s sad when Grandpa 3 t pay. I culd remember his wrds. “ 4 yu pay fr it, it’s nt a schlarship jacket, is it? Tell yur headmaster I will nt pay the fifteen dllars.”
Grandpa didn’t fl me. I culdn’t 5 t tell Grandpa and ran straight t the field. But when I saw him, I slwed dwn. I jined him in pulling up the grass 6 my hands.
After I had a little pile (堆) f grass, I std up, 7 him and said, “I’m getting the schlarship jacket, Grandpa. That’s after I tld the headmaster what yu said. He said yu are 8 . The schlarship jacket is fr my highest grades. I dn’t have t pay fr it.” Grandpa didn’t say anything. He 9 smiled. After a while, he said, “Better g and see if yur grandmther needs any help with supper.”
I gave 10 a big smile and ran back t the huse.
1．A．a(chǎn)ngryB．greatC．yungD．tired
2．A．grassB．huseC．jacketD．field
3．A．refusedB．fferedC．a(chǎn)greedD．planned
4．A．UnlessB．UntilC．BefreD．If
5．A．waitB．expectC．decideD．frget
6．A．byB．inC．withD．n
7．A．mvedB．taughtC．dubtedD．faced
8．A．pliteB．rightC．wrngD．funny
9．A．justB．nceC．neverD．ften
10．A．meB．yuC．himD．her
【答案】
1．B 2．C 3．A 4．D 5．A 6．C 7．D 8．B 9．A 10．C
【文章大意】本文主要講述了作者學(xué)校會向最高成績的學(xué)生頒發(fā)一件金綠相間的夾克作為獎學(xué)金，但是今年校長告訴作者需要購買才能獲得夾克。作者的爺爺告訴作者這樣的話它就不是獎學(xué)金夾克了，最終作者還是免費得到了獎學(xué)金夾克。
1．句意：我離開校長辦公室，感覺很好。
angry生氣的；great極好的；yung年輕的；tired勞累的。根據(jù)“I felt as tall as the sky. I wanted t shut, jump, r d smething.”可知，作者非常開心，感覺很棒。故選B。
2．句意：我會得到那件漂亮的金綠相間的夾克！
grass草；huse房子；jacket夾克；field田野。根據(jù)“The schlarship (獎學(xué)金) jacket was nt free this year.”可知，是一件夾克，故選C。
3．句意：當(dāng)爺爺拒絕付錢時，我很傷心。
refused拒絕；ffered提供；agreed同意；planned計劃。根據(jù)“Tell yur headmaster I will nt pay the fifteen dllars.”可知，爺爺拒絕付錢，故選A。
4．句意：如果你付了錢，那就不是獎學(xué)金夾克了，對吧？
Unless除非；Until直到；Befre在……之前；If如果?！皔u pay fr it”是“it’s nt a schlarship jacket”的肯定條件，用If引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句。故選D。
5．句意：我迫不及待地告訴了爺爺，徑直跑向田野。
wait等待；expect期待；decide決定；frget忘記。根據(jù)“I culdn’ tell Grandpa and ran straight t the field.”可知，迫不及待地告訴了爺爺，故選A。
6．句意：我和他一起用手拔草。
by通過；in在里面；with用；n在上面。根據(jù)“I jined him in pulling up the hands.”可知，用手拔草。故選C。
7．句意：在我拔了一小堆草之后，我站起來，面對著他說……
mved移動；taught教；dubted懷疑；faced面對。根據(jù)“I std up, and said”可知，站起來，面對著爺爺說，故選D。
8．句意：他說你是對的。
plite禮貌的；right正確的；wrng錯誤的；funny有趣的。根據(jù)“The schlarship jacket is fr my highest grades. I dn’t have t pay fr it.”可知，爺爺是對的，故選B。
9．句意：他只是笑了笑。
just只；nce曾經(jīng)；never從不；ften經(jīng)常。根據(jù)“Grandpa didn’t say anything. ”可知，爺爺什么都沒說，只是笑了笑。故選A。
10．句意：我給了他一個大大的微笑，然后跑回了房子。
me我；yu你；him他；her她。根據(jù)“I big smile and ran back t the huse.”可知，此處指給了爺爺一個大大的微笑，故選C。
（五）
（2024·江蘇南通·中考真題）Luke lived with his grandma during the last summer hlidays. He was curius abut everything in her grandma’s huse. One 1 he stle int the stre rm where his grandma kept her valuable cllectins. He knew she did nt like anyne t tuch her treasures, 2 her cup fr skating. Luke walked arund n tipte and felt the treasures ne after anther with excitement. He fund the cup wasn’t there. “Where is it?” he thught t himself. He raised his head and fund it! 3 it was n the tp f a shelf, he wanted t feel the cup again.
With the help f a ladder, Luke reached the cup. It was much heavier than it seemed. Luke 4 the cup and tried t get it dwn. While climbing dwn, Luke’s elbw struck against the ladder. He lst his 5 and fell dwn t the grund heavily. The 6 cup slipped ut f his hands and brke int tw halves.
Luke was t nervus t feel the 7 . He std up quickly and felt heartbrken. He picked up the brken pieces with his shaking hands, put them back t the 8 and left the stre rm quickly. Grandma was watching TV in the living rm. Luke went int his bedrm quietly s that his grandma wuldn’t 9 him.
That night was s 10 . He tssed and turned in bed. He culdn’t fall asleep till midnight. He wke up and lked at the clck many times. Time seemed t g much slwer. Early in the mrning, Luke kncked n grandma’s dr with 11 .
Grandma hugged Luke thughtfully and said, “That cup was 12 t me when I was nly ten years ld, I wn the first prize in my 13 cmpetitin.” Luke fllwed grandma t the stre rm. “I’m really srry, grandma.” Luke said 14 . With a smile, grandma tk dwn the brken glass cup and used glue t stick the brken pieces tgether. The cup was repaired miraculusly!
She cntinued, “When I was yung, I nce messed my uncle’s priceless painting. I was nt as 15 as yu. I didn’t tell the truth at first. It made me feel upset day and night. After a week’s struggle, I admitted my fault t my uncle. That was the mst unfrgettable mment. I think it is hnesty that matters mre than mistakes.”
1．A．nnB．nightC．mrningD．a(chǎn)fternn
2．A．prbablyB．ttallyC．simplyD．especially
3．A．UnlessB．SinceC．ThughD．Befre
4．A．hungB．chseC．liftedD．designed
5．A．purpseB．balanceC．interestD．cnfidence
6．A．gldB．plasticC．wdD．glass
7．A．painB．stressC．a(chǎn)ctinD．sickness
8．A．benchB．tableC．shelfD．grund
9．A．nticeB．excuseC．mindD．understand
10．A．darkB．quietC．cldD．lng
11．A．jyB．curageC．trustD．wisdm
12．A．brughtB．passedC．dnatedD．presented
13．A．paintingB．skatingC．firstD．last
14．A．sadlyB．rudelyC．nisilyD．a(chǎn)ngrily
15．A．braveB．carefulC．friendlyD．generus
【答案】
1．B 2．D 3．C 4．C 5．B 6．D 7．A 8．C 9．A 10．D 11．B 12．D 13．B 14．A 15．A
【文章大意】本文主要介紹了盧克打碎了奶奶的滑冰獎杯，他勇敢地向奶奶承認(rèn)了錯誤，他奶奶表揚了他。
1．句意：一天晚上，他偷偷溜進了奶奶存放貴重藏品的儲藏室。
nn正午；night晚上；mrning早上；afternn下午。根據(jù)“That night was s”可知是那天晚上。故選B。
2．句意：他知道她不喜歡任何人碰她的寶貝，尤其是她的滑冰獎杯。
prbably可能；ttally完全地；simply簡單地；especially尤其。根據(jù)“she did nt like anyne t tuch her treasures, cup fr skating”可知她尤其不喜歡有人碰她的溜冰杯。故選D。
3．句意：雖然它在架子上，他想再摸摸杯子。
unless除非；since因為；thugh雖然；befre在……之前。前句與后句之間是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，用thugh引導(dǎo)。故選C。
4．句意：盧克舉起杯子，試圖把它拿下來。
hung懸掛；chse選擇；lifted提高；designed設(shè)計。根據(jù)“the cup and tried t get it dwn”可知是舉起杯子，把杯子拿下來。故選C。
5．句意：他失去了平衡，重重地倒在地上。
purpse目的；balance平衡；interest興趣；cnfidence自信。根據(jù)“and fell dwn t the grund heavily”可知是失去平衡，摔倒在地上。故選B。
6．句意：玻璃杯從他手中滑落，摔成兩半。
gld金；plastic塑料；wd木頭；glass玻璃。根據(jù)“tk dwn the brken glass cup”可知應(yīng)是玻璃杯子摔成了兩半。故選D。
7．句意：盧克太緊張了，感覺不到疼痛。
pain痛苦；stress壓力；actin行動；sickness疾病。根據(jù)“and fell dwn t the grund heavily”可知他很緊張，感覺不到摔倒在地上的疼痛。故選A。
8．句意：他用顫抖的手撿起碎片，把它們放回架子上，很快離開了儲藏室。
bench長凳；table桌子；shelf架子；grund土地。根據(jù)“it was n the tp f a shelf”可知是放回架子上。故選C。
9．句意：盧克悄悄地走進臥室，以免奶奶注意到他。
ntice注意；excuse原諒；mind介意；understand理解。根據(jù)“Luke went int his bedrm quietly s that his grandma wuldn’t”可知他悄悄地走進臥室，避免奶奶注意到他。故選A。
10．句意：那天晚上太長了。
dark黑的；quiet安靜的；cld冷的；lng長的。根據(jù)“That night was s...”可知他打碎了奶奶的獎杯，所以覺得那天晚上很漫長。故選D。
11．句意：一大早，盧克鼓起勇氣敲了敲奶奶的門。
jy開心；curage勇氣；trust相信；wisdm智慧。根據(jù)“Early in the mrning, Luke kncked n grandma’s dr with”可知是鼓起勇氣向奶奶認(rèn)錯。故選B。
12．句意：那個杯子是我十歲時授予給我的。
brught帶來；passed路過；dnated捐贈；presented授予。根據(jù)“That cup was”可知獎杯是授予給奶奶的。故選D。
13．句意： 我在滑冰比賽中得了一等獎。
painting畫；skating滑冰；first第一；last最后。根據(jù)“her cup fr skating”可知是滑冰比賽獲得的滑冰獎杯。故選B。
14．句意：盧克悲傷地說。
sadly悲傷地；rudely粗魯?shù)兀籲isily吵鬧地；angrily生氣地。根據(jù)“I’m really srry, grandma”可知他向奶奶道歉，打碎了她的獎杯，所以是傷心地。故選A。
15．句意：我沒有你那么勇敢。
brave勇敢的；careful認(rèn)真的；friendly友好的；generus慷慨的。根據(jù)“ I was nt yu”可知盧克很勇敢，承認(rèn)了自己的錯誤。故選A。
（六）
（2024·江蘇徐州·中考真題）閱讀短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選擇最佳選項。
One ht day, three birds sat at the tp f a tree near a river. “There’s nthing t d,” said Pink Bird. “ 1 —nthing t d except sit in this big ld tree,” said Black Bird. “Yes,” said White Bird. “Anther 2 ht day.”
“Hey, birds,” said Crcdile (鱷魚). He was listening frm 3 , flating (漂浮) n the warm water. “See thse three large stnes n the bank? They are abut the same size. Let’s see which ne f yu can fly the highest while carrying ne f the stnes with yur feet, whever 4 will be the Best Flier.”
“What a great idea!” White Bird jumped ut f the tree and went fr the stnes. The ther 5 birds quickly fllwed.
“They wn’t fly far with the heavy stnes,” thught Crcdile. “When they fall int the 6 , I’ll get a free lunch!”
“Ready?” shuted Crcdile. “G!” Then he 7 , “Or shuld I say lunchtime?”
The three birds lifted ff 8 climbed high int the air.
Pink, black, and white feathers flated dwn frm the sky.
“ 9 birds,” Crcdile said with a huge, tthy smile. “I can’t believe they really listened t me.” He lked up, waiting fr them t fall ut f the sky, but they 10 flying.
After a while, the three birds flew 11 and rested with their stnes in the same tree.
“Oh, my dear! 12 yur bdies have changed because f the big stnes!” The flating Crcdile pened his muth wide and 13 lud and hard, waiting fr his free lunch.
“One, tw, g!” The three birds let g f their big stnes 14 . All three stnes drpped straight dwn, right int Crcdile’s huge, pen, laughing muth. The sudden 15 made him sink (沉) int the river. Only his eyes shwed abve the water.
Remember: Use ur head, and we will find a way ut.
1．A．Nt at allB．With pleasureC．I dn’t agreeD．That’s right
2．A．excitingB．interestingC．bringD．mving
3．A．belwB．a(chǎn)bveC．leftD．right
4．A．failsB．winsC．drpsD．rests
5．A．twB．threeC．furD．five
6．A．lakeB．seaC．streamD．river
7．A．explainedB．cmplainedC．whisperedD．cried
8．A．a(chǎn)ndB．butC．sD．r
9．A．CarelessB．SillyC．LazyD．Rude
10．A．stppedB．a(chǎn)videdC．practisedD．kept
11．A．a(chǎn)wayB．backC．highD．a(chǎn)rund
12．A．WhichB．WhyC．WhatD．Hw
13．A．laughedB．sangC．tastedD．breathed
14．A．a(chǎn)ll the timeB．fr the first timeC．a(chǎn)t the same timeD．a(chǎn)t times
15．A．niseB．windC．weightD．laugh
【答案】
1．D 2．C 3．A 4．B 5．A 6．D 7．C 8．A 9．B 10．D 11．B 12．D 13．A 14．C 15．C
【文章大意】本文講述了三只鳥在一條河邊的樹上無聊地待著，一只鱷魚提出了一個比賽的建議，想借此機會捕食它們。三只鳥聰明地利用石頭讓鱷魚自食其果，最終逃脫了鱷魚的陷阱。這個故事告訴我們要善于動腦筋，才能找到解決問題的方法。
1．句意：沒錯，除了坐在這棵大古樹上，什么都不用做。
Nt at all一點也不；With pleasure樂意；I dn’t agree我不同意；That’s right沒錯。根據(jù)“—nthing t d except sit in this big ld tree,”可知，此處是對對方的看法表示贊同。故選D。
2．句意：又是一個無聊的炎熱的日子。
exciting令人興奮的；interesting有趣的；bring無聊的；mving感人的。根據(jù)“There’s nthing t d,”可知，沒有什么可做的，因此很無聊。故選C。
3．句意：他正從下面聽著，漂浮在溫暖的水面上。
belw下面；abve上面；left左邊；right右邊。根據(jù)“One ht day, three birds sat at the tp f a tree near a river.”可知，鳥兒在上面，因此鱷魚是在下面，與“tp”相對應(yīng)。故選A。
4．句意：讓我們來看看你們誰能在腳上提著一塊石頭飛得最高，誰贏了誰就是最好的飛行者。
fails失敗；wins贏；drps掉落；rests休息。根據(jù)“will be the Best Flier.”和常識可知，最好的飛行者是指贏得比賽的人。故選B。
5．句意：其他兩只鳥迅速跟隨。
tw兩；three三；fur四；five五。根據(jù)“One ht day, three birds”可知，共有三只小鳥，因此是剩余兩只。故選A。
6．句意：當(dāng)它們掉進河里時，我就有免費的午餐了！
lake湖；sea海；stream小溪；river河。根據(jù)“When they fall int the”和“made him sink (沉) int the river.”可知，鱷魚認(rèn)為鳥兒們會掉進河里。故選D。
7．句意：然后他低聲說：“或者我應(yīng)該說午餐時間？”
explained解釋；cmplained抱怨；whispered低語；cried喊叫。根據(jù)“Or shuld I say lunchtime?”可知，鱷魚認(rèn)為自己會有免費午餐吃，此處表示低聲說。故選C。
8．句意：三只鳥起飛并爬升到空中。
and和；but但是；s所以；r或者。分析句子可知，前后句之間是順承關(guān)系。故選A。
9．句意：愚蠢的鳥。
Careless粗心的；Silly愚蠢的；Lazy懶惰的；Rude粗魯?shù)?。根?jù)“I can’t believe they really listened t me.”可知，鱷魚認(rèn)為鳥兒們聽從了他的建議，認(rèn)為它們很愚蠢。故選B。
10．句意：他抬起頭，等著它們從天上掉下來，但它們一直在飛。
stpped停止；avided避免；practised練習(xí)；kept繼續(xù)。根據(jù)“but”可知，后句句意轉(zhuǎn)折，鳥兒們繼續(xù)飛行。故選D。
11．句意：過了一會兒，三只鳥飛回來，帶著它們的石頭在同一棵樹上休息。
away離開；back回來；high高；arund周圍。根據(jù)“and rested with their stnes in the same tree.”可知，三只鳥飛回樹上休息。故選B。
12．句意：因為這些大石頭，你們的身體發(fā)生了怎樣的變化啊！
Which哪一個；Why為什么；What什么；Hw如何，怎么樣。根據(jù)“yur bdies have changed because f the big stnes!”和“while carrying ne f the stnes with yur feet”可知，此處是強調(diào)鳥身上綁上石頭之后的變化情況，應(yīng)用hw。故選D。
13．句意：漂浮的鱷魚張大嘴巴，大聲大笑，等待著他的免費午餐。
laughed笑；sang唱；tasted品嘗；breathed呼吸。根據(jù)“waiting fr his free lunch.”和“right int Crcdile’s huge, pen, laughing muth.”可知，鱷魚等待他的免費午餐，可推知是很開心地大笑。故選A。
14．句意：三只鳥同時放開了它們的大石頭。
all the time一直；fr the first time第一次；at the same time同時；at times有時。根據(jù)“All three stnes drpped straight dwn,”可知，三只鳥同時放開大石頭。故選C。
15．句意：突然的重量使他沉入河中。
nise噪音；wind風(fēng)；weight重量；laugh笑。根據(jù)“All three stnes drpped straight dwn, right int”可知，三塊石頭掉進鱷魚的嘴里，導(dǎo)致它沉入水中。故選C。
（七）
（2024·江蘇宿遷·中考真題）閱讀下面短文，從短文后每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。
In a peaceful muntain village, a father named Edward and his belved sn Bb lived in a small farmhuse.
Edward was a hard-wrking 1 wh wrked n his land every day. Bb was a lively and inncent (純真的) by, and he always fllwed his father arund. The sn culd ften learn smething 2 abut life frm his father.
One sunny mrning, Edward tk Bb t the yard. He 3 t several huge stnes lying n the grund, and said with a smile, “Sn, 4 these stnes, they are in the way nw. What can we d?”
“Can we mve them 5 ?” Bb thught fr a while and asked.
“Gd idea! Maybe yu can d it!” ndded the father.
Bb’s eyes lit up with excitement, and he rushed ver t 6 pushing ne f the large stnes. Hwever, n matter hw hard he tried, the stne 7 there.
Bb, feeling a little sad, said, “Dad, I tried t mve it just nw, but it didn’t mve 8 . I have tried my best. I have given it my all. I’ve used up all my 9 .” Edward smiled sftly and replied, “N, sn, yu haven’t used up all yur strength. Yu haven’t 10 fr help.”
With these wrds, Edward bent dwn, lifted a heavy stne and began mving 11 . He tried hard and finally mved it t ne side f the rad. Bb 12 his father in amazement when his father prved his wrds with his actin.
13 Edward mved the stne, he turned t Bb and said, “Facing challenges with a determined (堅毅的) spirit is imprtant. 14 , yur wn strength is limited. When a task is beynd yur ability, yu can chse t 15 strength frm thse arund yu.”
Frm then n, he learned t ask fr help and cperate (合作) with thers, understanding the imprtance f teamwrk.
1．A．wrkerB．dctrC．farmerD．teacher
2．A．usefulB．uselessC．harmfulD．harmless
3．A．repliedB．pintedC．a(chǎn)ddedD．psted
4．A．lk afterB．lk frC．lk atD．lk thrugh
5．A．dwnB．nC．a(chǎn)wayD．up
6．A．a(chǎn)vidB．finishC．suggestD．try
7．A．jumpedB．remainedC．disappearedD．changed
8．A．in allB．a(chǎn)bve allC．a(chǎn)t allD．a(chǎn)fter all
9．A．mneyB．strengthC．timeD．a(chǎn)dvice
10．A．a(chǎn)skedB．madeC．preparedD．paid
11．A．themB．itC．himD．us
12．A．watchedB．sharedC．decidedD．missed
13．A．UnlessB．BefreC．AfterD．If
14．A．ThenB．HweverC．OtherwiseD．Almst
15．A．buyB．stpC．carryD．brrw
【答案】
1．C 2．A 3．B 4．C 5．C 6．D 7．B 8．C 9．B 10．A 11．B 12．A 13．C 14．B 15．D
【文章大意】本文主要講述了愛德華通過自己的實際行動，讓兒子鮑勃學(xué)會了尋求幫助和與他人合作，并且懂得了團隊合作的重要性。
1．句意：愛德華是一個勤勞的農(nóng)民，每天都在他的地里干活。
wrker員工；dctr醫(yī)生；farmer農(nóng)民；teacher老師。根據(jù)“wh wrked n his land every day”可知，愛德華每天都在他的地里干活，由此推知，他是一個農(nóng)民。故選C。
2．句意：兒子經(jīng)常能從父親那里學(xué)到一些關(guān)于生活的有用的東西。
useful有用的；useless無用的；harmful有害的；harmless無害的。根據(jù)下文“Frm then n, he learned t ask fr help and cperate (合作) with thers, understanding the imprtance f teamwrk.”可知，兒子從父親那里學(xué)到了要尋求幫助和與他人合作以及團隊合作的重要性，這些都是很有用的東西。故選A。
3．句意：他指著地上的幾塊巨石，笑著說道。
replied回答；pinted指；added增加；psted郵寄。結(jié)合選項和“ several huge stnes lying n the grund”可知，此處表示他指著地上的幾塊巨石。故選B。
4．句意：兒子，看看這些石頭，它們現(xiàn)在擋住了路。
lk after照顧；lk fr尋找；lk at看；lk thrugh瀏覽。結(jié)合選項和空后的these stnes可知，此處表示看看這些石頭。故選C。
5．句意：我們能把它們搬走嗎？
dwn向下；n在……上面；away離開；up向上。根據(jù)上文“they are in the way nw”可知，石頭擋住了路，所以鮑勃想把它們搬走，mve away意為“搬走”。故選C。
6．句意：鮑勃興奮得兩眼放光，他沖過去試著推其中一塊大石頭。
avid避免；finish完成；suggest建議；try嘗試。結(jié)合選項和“ ne f the large stnes”可知，此處表示鮑勃嘗試著推其中一塊大石頭。try ding sth.意為“嘗試做某事”。故選D。
7．句意：然而，無論他如何努力，石頭仍然在那里。
jumped跳；remained繼續(xù)存在；disappeared消失；changed改變。根據(jù)下文“it didn’t mve”可知，鮑勃無法搬動石頭，石頭繼續(xù)存在于原地。故選B。
8．句意：爸爸，我剛才試著移動它，但是它一點也不動。
in all總共；abve all首先；at all完全；after all畢竟。結(jié)合選項和“it didn’t mve”可知，本題考查短語 all“一點也不”。故選C。
9．句意：我用盡了我所有的力氣。
mney錢；strength力氣；time時間；advice建議。根據(jù)上文“I have tried my best. I have given it my all.”可知，鮑勃盡了全力來搬石頭，他用盡了所有的力氣。故選B。
10．句意：你沒有尋求幫助。
asked要求；made制作；prepared準(zhǔn)備；paid支付。結(jié)合選項和空后的fr help可知，本題考查短語ask fr help“尋求幫助”。故選A。
11．句意：說完這些話，愛德華彎下腰，舉起一塊沉重的石頭，開始搬動它。
them它們；it它；him他；us我們。根據(jù)“l(fā)ifted a heavy stne”可知，空格處應(yīng)選it，用于指代a heavy stne。故選B。
12．句意：當(dāng)父親用行動證明他的話時，鮑勃驚訝地看著父親。
watched看；shared分享；decided決定；missed錯過。結(jié)合選項和“ father in amazement”可知，此處表示鮑勃驚訝地看著父親。故選A。
13．句意：愛德華搬開石頭后，轉(zhuǎn)向鮑勃說。
Unless除非；Befre在……之前；After在……之后：If如果。根據(jù)上文“He tried hard and finally mved it t ne side f the rad.”可知，愛德華把石頭搬到了路邊，在他搬開石頭后，他轉(zhuǎn)向鮑勃，和鮑勃說話。故選C。
14．句意：然而，你自己的力量是有限的。
Then然后；Hwever然而；Otherwise否則；Almst差不多。分析“Facing challenges with a determined (堅毅的) spirit is wn strength is limited.”可知，前后句是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，結(jié)合選項，空格處應(yīng)選Hwever表示轉(zhuǎn)折。故選B。
15．句意：當(dāng)一項任務(wù)超出你的能力時，你可以選擇向周圍的人借用力量。
buy買；stp停止；carry攜帶；brrw借。結(jié)合選項和“ frm thse arund yu”可知，此處表示從周圍的人那里借用力量，短語brrw sth. frm sb.意為“從某人那里借某物”，故選D。題型
考查頻次
命題預(yù)測
完型填空
10年10考
主題語境包含人與社會、人與自我、人與自然，體裁以記敘文為主。文章要求考生在正確理解語篇主旨大意的同時，注重揣摩不同詞語、句子及篇章結(jié)構(gòu)之間的聯(lián)系。
考查以語篇內(nèi)容理解為主，注重對文章語境的理解和把握。從表面看考學(xué)生的詞匯知識，實際上是以文章為裁體，全面考察學(xué)生對文章的總體把握和全面理解，同時還考察學(xué)生的邏輯分析，推理等思維能力。中考完形填空把考查上下文語境放在第一位，詞匯運用放在第二位。設(shè)空間距為10-15詞，每小題所給的四個選項大多屬于同一種詞類或同一范疇。選項以考查實詞為主，如名詞、動詞、形容詞、介詞、連詞等。主要考查詞義辨析。
對動詞、名詞和形容詞的考查最多，對一詞多義、熟詞生義進行適當(dāng)行適當(dāng)考查。
解題步驟
內(nèi)容解讀
抓住文章中心
中心思想有助于明確做題方向，提高針對性。文章題目揭示中心思想；如無題目，抓文章開頭結(jié)尾，尤其是議論抒情的語句，也可抓住文章的中心。
明確敘述角度
在做題時考生可采用“角色滲透法”，這樣有助于走進作者的思維，深入理解文章的含義。
理清寫作順序
記敘文的寫作順序有：順敘、倒敘、插敘、補敘、分?jǐn)?，理清寫作順序有助于了解事情發(fā)展的來龍去脈，從而更迅速、準(zhǔn)確地理解文意。
明確寫作要素
弄清記敘文的6要素(5W1H)，即時間(when)、地點(where)、人物(wh)、事件(what)、原因(why)、結(jié)果(hw)，抓住這些寫作要素，就基本上抓住了文章的主體。
洞悉寫作目的
寫作目的是借助敘事、寫人或?qū)懢皝黻U明一個道理，給人以啟迪或教益。
運用高分技巧
按照命題分布規(guī)律和高分技巧正確解題并代入驗證。
題型
考查頻次
命題預(yù)測
完型填空
10年10考
主題語境包含人與社會、人與自我、人與自然，體裁以記敘文為主。文章要求考生在正確理解語篇主旨大意的同時，注重揣摩不同詞語、句子及篇章結(jié)構(gòu)之間的聯(lián)系。
考查以語篇內(nèi)容理解為主，注重對文章語境的理解和把握。從表面看考學(xué)生的詞匯知識，實際上是以文章為裁體，全面考察學(xué)生對文章的總體把握和全面理解，同時還考察學(xué)生的邏輯分析，推理等思維能力。中考完形填空把考查上下文語境放在第一位，詞匯運用放在第二位。設(shè)空間距為10-15詞，每小題所給的四個選項大多屬于同一種詞類或同一范疇。選項以考查實詞為主，如名詞、動詞、形容詞、介詞、連詞等。主要考查詞義辨析。
對動詞、名詞和形容詞的考查最多，對一詞多義、熟詞生義進行適當(dāng)行適當(dāng)考查。
解題步驟
內(nèi)容解讀
抓住文章中心
中心思想有助于明確做題方向，提高針對性。文章題目揭示中心思想；如無題目，抓文章開頭結(jié)尾，尤其是議論抒情的語句，也可抓住文章的中心。
明確敘述角度
在做題時考生可采用“角色滲透法”，這樣有助于走進作者的思維，深入理解文章的含義。
理清寫作順序
記敘文的寫作順序有：順敘、倒敘、插敘、補敘、分?jǐn)?，理清寫作順序有助于了解事情發(fā)展的來龍去脈，從而更迅速、準(zhǔn)確地理解文意。
明確寫作要素
弄清記敘文的6要素(5W1H)，即時間(when)、地點(where)、人物(wh)、事件(what)、原因(why)、結(jié)果(hw)，抓住這些寫作要素，就基本上抓住了文章的主體。
洞悉寫作目的
寫作目的是借助敘事、寫人或?qū)懢皝黻U明一個道理，給人以啟迪或教益。
運用高分技巧
按照命題分布規(guī)律和高分技巧正確解題并代入驗證。

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