專題08 非謂語動詞（講義）-2025年高考英語二輪復習（新高考通用）-學案下載-教習網(wǎng)

目錄TOC \ "1-4" \h \u
\l "_Tc17226" 01考情透視·目標導航2
02 \l "_Tc18151" 知識導圖·思維引航3
\l "_Tc25540" 03考點突破·考向探究4
\l "_Tc20799" 考點一考查非謂語動詞作定語4
【 \l "_Tc19212" 真題研析】4
【 \l "_Tc11164" 核心精講】5
【 \l "_Tc28075" 命題預測】6
\l "_Tc29041" 考點二考查非謂語動詞作狀語7
【 \l "_Tc30789" 真題研析】7
【核心精講】 \l "_Tc285" PAGEREF _Tc285 \h 8
\l "_Tc30219" 【命題預測】 PAGEREF _Tc30219 \h 10
\l "_Tc29325" 考點三非謂語動詞作賓語 PAGEREF _Tc29325 \h 10
【 \l "_Tc30789" 真題研析】 PAGEREF _Tc30789 \h 10
【核心精講】 \l "_Tc285" PAGEREF _Tc285 \h 11
\l "_Tc30219" 【命題預測】 PAGEREF _Tc30219 \h 12
\l "_Tc29325" 考點四考查非謂語動詞作賓補 PAGEREF _Tc29325 \h 13
【 \l "_Tc30789" 真題研析】 PAGEREF _Tc30789 \h 13
【核心精講】 \l "_Tc285" PAGEREF _Tc285 \h 14
\l "_Tc30219" 【命題預測】 PAGEREF _Tc30219 \h 15
\l "_Tc29325" 考點五考查非謂語動詞作主語和表語16
【 \l "_Tc30789" 真題研析】16
【核心精講】 \l "_Tc285" 17
\l "_Tc30219" 【命題預測】18
04 \l "_Tc14703" 重難點突破非謂語動詞基本知識的綜合運用18
非謂語動詞
考點一考查非謂語動詞作定語
1．(2024·新高考Ⅱ卷)A statue cmmemrating Shakespeare and Tang was put up at Shakespeare’s Birthplace Garden in 2017. Tw years later, a six-meter-tall pavilin, 40 (inspire)by The Peny Pavilin, was built at the Firs Garden, just ten minutes’ walk frm Shakespeare’s birthplace.
2．(2024年1月浙江高考卷) If yur supermarket sells lse prduce, then buying smaller quantities is easier. Over the last tw years, sme supermarkets have started selling chicken r salad in packs 63 (design) with tw halves cntaining separate prtins (份).
3.（2023·新高考Ⅰ卷）Shanghai may be the (recgnize) hme f the sup dumplings but fd histrians will actually pint yu t the neighburing canal twn f Nanxiang as Xia lng ba’s birthplace.
1.過去分詞作定語只有一個詞時，通常放在被修飾的名詞前面(但也有例外)，是一個短語作定語時，就放在被修飾的名詞之后。過去分詞作定語時，被修飾的名詞與過去分詞之間是被動關系。
2. 以下過去分詞作定語只表示完成，不表示被動:
a fallen tree/leaf:倒下的樹/落葉the risen sun/mn: 升起了的太陽/月亮
a faded rse:凋謝的玫瑰花a retired wrker: 退休工人
an escaped prisner: 逃犯a returned student: 歸國留學生
4.(2023年新高考Ⅱ卷) They talk t the fld f internatinal turists and t (visit) Chinese zkeepers wh ften cme t check n the pandas, which are n lan frm China.
5.（2023·1月新高考浙江卷）In the Ming Dynasty, the center was the Frbidden City, ____ ____ (surrund)in cncentric(同心的)circles by the Inner City and Outer City.
6.（2022?新高考Ⅱ卷）Henry Tyler made the catch f the year n the weekend. When he saw a yung child hanging frm a sixth-flr apartment balcny (陽臺), Henry ran ne hundred metres, jumped ver a 1.2-metre fence, and held ut his arms t catch the __________ (fall) child.
現(xiàn)在分詞(短語)作定語與所修飾的名詞之間存在著邏輯上的主動關系，表示該動作的主動和進行。
表示心理狀態(tài)的動詞－ing形式，意為“令人……的”；動詞－ed形式，意為“(人)感到……的”，也可修飾體現(xiàn)內(nèi)心感受的lk，expressin，tears，smile，vice等名詞。
7.（2022·全國甲卷）A visually-challenged man frm Beijing recently hiked (徒步) 40 days t Xi’an, as a first step ______ (jurney) the Belt and Rad rute (路線) by ft.
8.（2019新課標II卷）Picking up her "Lifetime Achievement" award，prud Irene declared she had n plans _____________（retire） frm her 36-year-ld business.
不定式作定語：
①常接不定式作定語的詞有：chance，pprtunity，ability，decisin，right（權利），不定代詞等。
1)The ability t express an idea is as imprtant as the idea itself.
2)Tday I have nthing/smething t say at the cnference.
②不定式作定語，修飾序數(shù)詞等
She was the first/secnd/third/tenth (student) t cme t schl tday.
非謂語動詞作定語
1.不定式作定語
(1)不定式作定語通常放在所修飾詞之后，表示將來的動作。不定式與其所修飾的詞之間往往是動賓關系，若該不定式是不及物動詞，其后應有必要的介詞。
Suddenly a gd idea ccurred t her，but she culdn't find any paper t write n.
突然她想到了一個好主意，但是她找不到紙把它寫下來。
(2)序數(shù)詞，形容詞最高級，the last, the nly 等后或被這些詞修飾的名詞/代詞后，常用不定式作定語。
He is always the first t arrive at the schl and the last t leave the schl.
他總是第一個到校，最后一個離校。
(3)被修飾詞是抽象名詞時，常用不定式作定語。常見名詞：ability, chance, idea, hpe, wish, fact, excuse, prmise, attempt, way 等。
And the best way t strengthen willpwer is t make it int a habit.
增強意志力最好的方法就是讓意志力成為一種習慣。
The ability t express an idea is as imprtant as the idea itself.
表達觀點的能力與觀點本身同等重要。
2．分詞作定語
(1)作定語的及物動詞的分詞形式：現(xiàn)在分詞、being＋過去分詞、過去分詞。當被修飾的名詞與分詞之間為主動關系時，用現(xiàn)在分詞；當被修飾的名詞與分詞之間為被動關系且表示正在進行時，用being＋過去分詞；當被修飾的名詞與分詞之間為被動關系且表示完成時，用過去分詞。
(2)作定語的不及物動詞的分詞形式：現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞。現(xiàn)在分詞表示動作正在進行；過去分詞只表示動作已完成，不表示被動。
[2021·浙江卷1月]In 1985，urban men and wmen in mre than three quarters f the cuntries studied had higher BMIs than men and wmen in rural areas.
1985年，在被研究的國家中，超過四分之三的城市男性和女性的BMIs高于農(nóng)村地區(qū)的男性和女性。
表示被動、完成用過去分詞(dne)；表示主動、進行用現(xiàn)在分詞(ding)；表示被動、進行用being dne；表示主動、尚未進行用t d；表示被動的動作尚未進行用t be dne。試比較：
①The bridge built recently was designed by a lcal cmpany.
②Tday there are mre airplanes carrying mre peple than ever befre in the sky.
③The bridge being built nw was designed by a lcal cmpany.
④The questin t be discussed at tmrrw's meeting is very imprtant.
3．動名詞作定語
表示被修飾詞的屬性、作用或用途，作 “ 供……用”講，相當于介詞 fr 短語，常置于被修飾詞前。
a swimming pl=a pl fr swimming 游泳池
a reading rm = a rm fr reading 閱覽室
a washing machine = a machine fr washing 洗衣機
a walking stick=a stick fr walking 拐杖
1.（2025·廣東省清遠市高三上學期一模）“This exhibitin is really significant, which brings a rare pprtunity fr New Zealanders (engage) with ne f the mst imprtant cultural and religius sites in the wrld and facilitates peple-t-peple exchanges, ” said New Zealand parliament member Jenny Salesa.
2.（2025·河北省石家莊市第二中學高三月考）“In the Shalin Temple were peple (dress)the way they had been in the mvies
3.（2025·江蘇省海門中學高三第一次調(diào)研）By rganizing the festival, Fuzhu aims t prmte excellent traditinal culture, tell Chinese stries in a mre (engage) manner and carry ut Chinese and freign cultural exchanges and cperatin t draw dmestic and glbal attentin t Tang Xianzu, Fuzhu, Jiangxi, thus increasing Chinese culture’s presence and influence.
考點二考查非謂語動詞作狀語
1.（20224·新高考Ⅰ卷）The design features ten steel “sepals (萼片)” made f glass and aluminium (鋁). These sepals pen n warm days 58 (give) the inside plants sunshine and fresh air.
2．(2024·新高考Ⅱ卷)___44___ (recall)watching a Chinese pera versin f Shakespeare’s play Richard III in Shanghai and meeting Chinese actrs wh came t Stratfrd a few years ag t perfrm parts f The Peny Pavilin.
3.（2024·北京高考卷）Just then, sme kids ran at him, 19 (knck) his bks ut f his arms. His glasses went flying and landed in the grass.
4.（2024·北京高考卷）And when 16 (ask) abut his new title, he shared the secret: mderatin (適度).
1．作狀語的過去分詞要求其邏輯主語與句子的主語保持一致。
2．如句子的主語是分詞動作的承受者，就用過去分詞形式(dne)。
3．過去分詞作狀語相當于狀語從句或者并列句，表示被動和完成。
4．帶有連詞的過去分詞結構相當于一個省略句,省略的部分為主語+be的相應變化形式。The girl is very shy, and never speaks until spken t. 這女孩怕羞，不給她說話她從不說話。
5．選擇現(xiàn)在分詞還是過去分詞，關鍵看主句的主語，即與句子主語的邏輯關系，如分詞的動作是主句的主語發(fā)出，分詞就選用現(xiàn)在分詞，反之就用過去分詞。
6. 如果過去分詞作狀語時,前面再加邏輯主語, 主句的主語就不再是分詞的邏輯主語, 這種帶邏輯主語的過去分詞結構實際上屬于獨立主格結構. 獨立主格結構相當于從句主語與主句主語不一致的狀語從句，或者前后主語不一致的并列句的簡化。
5.（2023·全國乙卷） (visit) several times ver the last 10 years, I was amazed by the c-existence f ld and new,and hw a city was able t keep such a rich heritage (遺產(chǎn)) while cnstantly grwing.
1．作狀語的分詞要求其邏輯主語與句子的主語保持一致。
2．如句子的主語是分詞動作的發(fā)出者，就用現(xiàn)在分詞形式(ding)。
3．若現(xiàn)在分詞的動作發(fā)生在謂語動詞所表示的動作之前，則用現(xiàn)在分詞的完成形式(having dne)。
4．若與句中主語為邏輯上的動賓關系，且先于謂語動詞動作發(fā)生，用現(xiàn)在分詞完成式的被動形式(having been dne)。
6.（2023·全國甲卷）Carsn uses a simple, direct style cmmn t fable. In fact, her style and tne (口吻) are seemingly directed at children. “There was nce a twn in the heart f America, where all life seemed t enjy peaceful c-existence with its surrundings,” her fable begins, (brrw) sme familiar wrds frm many age-ld fables.
7.（2022·新高考I卷）The Chinese gvernment recently finalized a plan t set up a Giant Panda Natinal Park(GPNP). ______ (cver)an area abut three times the size f Yellwstne Natinal Park, the GPNP will be ne f the first natinal parks in the cuntry.
8．(2024·新高考Ⅱ卷)Thse cultural elements have increased Stratfrd’s internatinal visibility, said Edmndsn, adding that visitrs walking thrugh the Birthplace Garden were ften amazed ___43___ (find)the cnnectin between the tw great writers.
9．（2024年1月浙江高考）The shelves in mst supermarkets are full f family-size this and multi-buy that. Hwever, if yu’re shpping fr ne, buying extra 56 (benefit) frm price reductins desn’t make sense.
10.（2023·全國甲卷）Fr thusands f years, peple have tld fables (寓言) (teach) a lessn r t pass n wisdm.
11.（2022?新高考Ⅱ卷）Eric wke up a little later when he heard children playing utside. He pushed a chair nt the balcny, and climbed up ______ (see) them.
非謂語動詞作狀語
1.不定式作狀語
(1)作目的狀語，可用s as t/in rder t替換，但 s as t一般不可置于句首，意為“為了；想要”。
[2020·全國卷Ⅰ]Chinese researchers hpe t use the instruments nbard Chang'e-4 t find and study areas f the Suth Ple-Aitken basin.
中國的研究者希望使用“嫦娥四號”上的設備來發(fā)現(xiàn)和研究南極-艾特肯盆地。
(2)作結果狀語，常表示出乎意料的結果，常用于下列結構中：nly t d；enugh t d(足夠做……)；t... t d... (太……而不能……)；s/such... as t... (如此……以至于……)等。
Tm tk a taxi t the airprt, nly t find his plane high up in the sky.
湯姆乘出租車去了機場，結果發(fā)現(xiàn)他要乘坐的飛機已飛入高空。
(3)作原因狀語，常用在“主語＋系動詞＋形容詞＋t d”結構中。這類形容詞有easy, difficult, hard, cheap，expensive，fit，cmfrtable，dangerus，heavy，gd，imprtant，impssible，surprised，astnished, delighted, disappinted 等。
We were astnished t find the temple still in its riginal cnditin.
令我們吃驚的是，這座寺廟仍保持著最初的樣子。
2．分詞作狀語
現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語時，現(xiàn)在分詞所表示的動作與句子主語之間構成邏輯上的主動關系。過去分詞作狀語時，過去分詞所表示的動作與句子主語之間構成邏輯上的被動關系。
[2020·江蘇卷]Technlgical innvatins, cmbined with gd marketing, will prmte the sales f these prducts.
部分過去分詞作狀語時不表示被動，也不表示完成，而表示一種狀態(tài)。常見的：lcated (坐落于), lst(迷路的), seated(坐著的), hidden(躲著的), lst/absrbed/buried in(沉溺于), dressed in(穿著), tired f(厭煩的), faced with(面對著)。
3．獨立成分作狀語
有些分詞或不定式短語作狀語，其形式的選擇不受上下文的影響，稱作獨立成分。?？嫉挠術enerally/frankly/rughly/strictly speaking, talking f, speaking f, judging frm/by, taking everything int cnsideratin, cmpared t/with, t be frank，t tell(yu)the truth, t be hnest, t make things wrse 等。
Judging frm his accent, he is frm Hng Kng.
從口音判斷，他來自香港。
T tell yu the truth, I am a little tired.
說實話，我有點累。
4．獨立主格結構
非謂語動詞作狀語時，它的邏輯主語應和句子主語保持一致。但有時非謂語動詞帶有自己的邏輯主語，在句子中作狀語，我們稱之為獨立主格結構。
(1)獨立主格結構的特點：①獨立主格結構的邏輯主語與句子的主語不同，它獨立存在。②獨立主格結構中作邏輯主語的名詞或代詞與后面的分詞或不定式是邏輯上的主動或被動關系。③獨立主格結構一般用逗號與句子分開。
(2)獨立主格結構的常見構成：①名詞/代詞＋分詞；②名詞/代詞＋不定式；③with/withut＋名詞/代詞＋分詞/不定式。
Weather permitting, we shall play the match tmrrw.
明天如果天氣好，我們就進行比賽。
The test finished(＝When the test was finished)，we began ur hliday.
考試結束后，我們就開始放假了。
1.（2025·吉林省普通高中高三一模）The abundance f the rich natural resurces f Africa sn led t avarice (貪婪) n the part f the Eurpeans, (result) in a mad scramble fr Africa’s resurces, including her peple.
2.（2025·遼寧省名校聯(lián)盟（東北三省三校）高三聯(lián)考） (cmpare) with Chinese festivals, which ften center arund family reunin (團聚) and respecting ancestrs, western festivals tend t emphasize celebratin, reflecting a mre individualistic culture.
3.（2025·山東省第一次備考監(jiān)測聯(lián)考）As everyne knws, the Silk Rad symblizes the friendship between Eurpean and Asian peples, With a histry (stretch) ver 2,000 years, the rigins f the Silk Rad in China trace back t the Han Dynasty.
4.（2025·海南省?？谑懈呷祝㏄eple then started dragn bat racing ________ (scare) ff the fish.
考點三非謂語動詞作賓語
1.（2024·全國甲卷）Althugh parks f all sizes and types exist at any level, the natinal parks, in particular, tend 41 （catch）ur attentin because f their large size and variety.
2.（2023·新高考Ⅰ卷）The dumplings arrive steaming and dangerusly ht. T eat ne, yu have t decide whether (bite) a small hle in it first, releasing the stream and risking a spill(溢出), r t put the whle dumpling in yur muth, letting the ht sup explde n yur tngue.
3.（2022年1月浙江卷）That apprach brught Cbb's air travel last year dwn by 75%, and she plans ____________（cntinue） the practice. "It has been fairly rewarding. ", she says, "a really psitive change."
不定式作賓語：
①常接不定式作賓語的詞：like/lve/want/wish/hpe/expect/desire/hate/prefer/cntinue/manage/try/ask/beg/demand/affrd/ffer/fail/start/begin/frget/remember/prmise/mean/intend/attempt/decide/determine/learn/agree/chse/pretend/arrange t d…:
②it作形式賓語代不定式: find/think/cnsider/feel/make it + 形/名 + t 不定式: 發(fā)現(xiàn)/認為/使得做…是…We find it necessary t master German and French.
非謂語動詞作賓語
1.只接不定式作賓語的動詞：
agree, plan, demand, prmise, prepare, decide, refuse, chse, wish, hpe, expect, fail (未能), pretend, manage, determine, beg, arrange, threaten, claim, hesitate, wait, happen (碰巧)等。
[2021·全國乙卷]Activities there range frm whale watching t hiking(遠足)and accmmdatins aim t have a lw impact n the natural envirnment.
這里的活動從觀鯨到徒步旅行并且住宿宗旨是對自然環(huán)境影響達到很小。
2．只接動名詞作賓語的動詞及短語：
admit, avid, cnsider, escape(避開), imagine, mind, miss, practise, suggest, feel like, give up, put ff, bject t, lk frward t等。此外，have difficulty/truble (in) ding sth. ；have fun (in) ding sth. 等結構中也用動名詞作賓語。
I avided mentining the subject in case he shuld be ffended.
我避免提及這個話題，以免冒犯他。
It's quite ht tday. D yu feel like ging fr a swim?
今天很熱。你想去游泳嗎？
3．接不定式與動名詞作賓語意義不同的動詞：
eq \b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\c1(frget t d sth.忘記去做某事未做,frget ding sth.忘記做過某事已做))
eq \b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\c1(regret t d sth.對即將做的事表示遺憾未做,regret ding sth.對做過的事表示后悔已做))
eq \b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\c1(remember t d sth.記得去做某事未做,remember ding sth.記得做過某事已做))
eq \b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\c1(stp t d sth.停下來做某事,stp ding sth.停止做某事))
eq \b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\c1(try t d sth.盡力去做某事,try ding sth.嘗試做某事))
eq \b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\c1(g n t d sth.繼續(xù)做另一件事,g n ding sth.繼續(xù)做原來做的事))
eq \b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\c1(mean t d sth.打算做某事,mean ding sth.意味著做某事))
eq \b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\c1(can't help t d sth.不能幫助做某事,can't help ding sth.情不自禁地做某事))
(1)動詞want, need, require作“需要”講時，其后要用v.-ing形式的主動形式或不定式的被動形式作賓語。與此用法相同的動詞還有deserve(值得)。
(2)不定式作動詞(短語)learn, decide, knw, wnder, shw, tell, understand, explain, teach, advise, find ut 等的賓語時，前面常帶引導詞hw, what, whether, where, when, wh等。
(3)介詞后一般要接v.-ing形式作賓語，但介詞but/except后接不定式作賓語時，若前有實義動詞d，不定式要省略t。
1.（2025·廣東省清遠市高三上學期一模）They hped that this exhibitin can cntribute t (prmte) the peple- t- peple links in the tw cuntries, facilitating healthy and stable develpment f bilateral (雙邊的) relatins.
2.（2025·廣東省汕尾市四校聯(lián)考高三月考）This new frm f frugality is nt a cmplete denial f cnsumerism, but a frm f smart spending aimed at ________ (achieve) a balance between price and the quality f gds.
3.（2025·河南省安陽市TOP二十名校摸底）The x was riginally first, but he was s kind that he agreed ____ ____(carry) the little rat acrss the river.
考點四考查非謂語動詞作賓補
1.（2023·新高考Ⅰ卷）Nanxiang aside, the best Xia lng ba have a fine skin, allwing them (lift) ut f the steamer basket withut tearing r spilling any f their cntents.
動詞不定式在平時模擬考試中，考查的頻度較大，導致很多學生產(chǎn)生思維定勢，見到不定式的題就用一般式t d的形式，這是平時訓練的缺陷。二輪復習一定避免這個問題，做到查漏補缺。
2.（2023·湖南省長沙市雅禮中學模擬）After the end f the Qing Dynasty, the Palace Museum was established in 1925, allwing turists at hme and abrad ________ (visit) the architecture and appreciate the artistic treasures.
不定式作賓語補足語：
①常接不定式作賓補的動詞有：ask/beg/require/request/tell/advise/allw/permit/cause/encurage/expect/wish/frce/blige/invite/
need/rder/persuade/remind/teach/urge/want/get/like/hate/warn/help/prefer sb t d……:
例：Miss Jansn persuaded the by nt t smke any mre.
②在feel, hear, listen t, lk at, see, watch, ntice, let, make, have等動詞在主動語態(tài)時，后面作賓語補足語接的動詞前不能加t；但以上動詞如為被動語態(tài)，后面接的動詞前要加t。
1）Paul desn’t have t be made t learn. He always wrks hard.
2）The teacher is ften listened t t sing the English sng at hme.
3.（2023·新高考Ⅰ卷）N matter where I buy them, ne steamer is rarely enugh, yet tw seems greedy, s I am always left (want) mre next time.
4.（2020·新課標II卷）They make great gifs and yu see them many times (decrate) with red envelpes and messages f gd frtune.
5.（2020新課標III卷）And when he saw the mists rising frm the river and the sft cluds____________ (surrund) the muntain tps, he was reduced t tears.
1. 使役動詞have, get, make, leave, keep等后可用過去分詞或現(xiàn)在分詞做賓語補足語。
She raised her vice t make herself heard by all the peple in the hall.
她提高了嗓音讓大廳里的人都能聽得見她說的話。
2. 感官動詞see, hear, ntice, bserve, watch, feel, find等后，可用過去分詞或現(xiàn)在分詞做賓語補足語。
I saw an ld man kncked dwn by a car just nw.
剛才我看到一位老人被車撞倒了。
3. 表示“意愿;命令”的動詞，如like, want, wish, rder等后,可用過去分詞做賓語補足語，相當于過去分詞前省略了t be。
They are talking abut the plan they wish carried ut next year.
他們正在談論著希望明年能實施的那個計劃。
4. 在“with +賓語+過去分詞”結構中，過去分詞用作介詞with的賓語補足語，過去分詞與賓語之間為動賓關系。這一結構通常在句中做時間、方式、條件、原因等狀語。
She usually wrks in her study with the dr lcked.
她通常鎖著門在書房工作。
非謂語動詞作賓補
1.不定式作賓補
不定式作賓補時，賓語和不定式之間在邏輯上是主謂關系，不定式表示將要發(fā)出的主動動作。常接不定式作賓補的動詞(短語)：advise, allw, ask, beg, cause, encurage, expect, frbid, frce, intend, invite, rder, persuade, prefer, require, remind, tell, want, warn, wish, call n, depend n等。
If we expect peple t give up the habit f driving，we must give them an alternative they can rely n.
如果我們期望人們放棄開車的習慣，我們必須給他們可以依賴的選擇。
Having finished her prject, she was invited by the schl t speak t the new students.
完成項目之后，她被學校邀請去給新生講話。
(1)有些動詞，如think, cnsider, believe, suppse, feel, find, understand等后常用t be作賓補或主補。
Chinese peple are cnsidered t be the mst hard-wrking peple in the wrld.
中國人被認為是世界上最勤勞的人民。
(2)在sb. be said/believed/knwn/reprted/cnsidered/thught＋t d/t have dne結構中，不定式用作主語補足語。
The president was reprted t have visited China.
據(jù)報道，那位總統(tǒng)已經(jīng)訪問了中國。
2．分詞作賓補
(1)現(xiàn)在分詞作賓補時，動詞與賓語之間存在邏輯上的主謂關系，且強調(diào)正在進行的主動動作。可接現(xiàn)在分詞作賓補的常見動詞：感官動詞(see, watch, bserve, ntice, hear, listen, feel)，使役動詞(have, get), find, leave, keep, catch等。
Listen! D yu hear smene calling fr help?
聽！你聽到有人正在呼喊救命嗎？
(2)過去分詞作賓補時，動詞與賓語之間存在邏輯上的動賓關系，且表示被動動作?？山舆^去分詞作賓補的常見動詞：感官動詞(see, watch, bserve, ntice, hear, listen, feel)，使役動詞(have, make, let, get), find, leave, keep等。
He fund himself surrunded by s many strangers.
他發(fā)現(xiàn)自己周圍有那么多陌生人。
(3)使役動詞have, get后接非謂語動詞作補語的異同點：
①have sth. dne＝get sth. dne讓別人做某事；
②have sb./sth. ding讓……一直做某事；
get sth./sb. ding 使……開始做某事；
③have sb. d sth. ＝get sb. t d sth. 讓某人做某事。
Befre driving int the city, yu are required t get yur car washed.
在開車進城之前，你需要洗洗車。
with的復合結構：①with＋賓語＋ding表示主動，說明動作正在發(fā)生或經(jīng)常發(fā)生；②with＋賓語＋dne表示被動或完成；③with＋賓語＋t d表示將要發(fā)生的動作。
The ld cuple ften take a walk after supper in the park with their pet dg fllwing them.
這老兩口常常在晚飯后到公園里散步，他們的寵物狗則在后面跟著。
With such a shrt time left befre the deadline, it desn't seem likely that Jhn will finish the jb.
截止日期之前只剩下很短的時間，約翰似乎不可能完成工作了。
With a lt f wrk t d, she wasn't allwed t leave her ffice.
由于有許多工作要做，她不被允許離開辦公室。
1.（2025·河北省石家莊市第二中學高三上學期月考）With his Kung Fu dream (cme)true, N’ Dri has set up the Shalin Training Camp.
2.（2025·湖北省騰云聯(lián)盟高三聯(lián)考）As a driver travelling between Vientiane and Bten（brder twn）,he can see mre and mre huses and factries （build） alng the rute.
3.（2025·湖北省重點高中智學聯(lián)盟高三聯(lián)考）Qin gvernr and irrigatin engineer Li Bing investigated the prblem thrughly. He led a team (cnstruct) a levee (堤壩) t redirect a prtin f the river’s flw.
4.（2025·廣西名校聯(lián)盟高三適應性檢測）During the trial perid, delivery will be free, with fees ______ (expect) t be similar t regular services afterwards.
考點五考查非謂語動詞作主語和表語
1.（2021·英語全國甲卷）It is pssible ______ (walk) r bike the entire 14 kilmeters.
不定式作主語：
1．不定式作主語：動詞用單數(shù)。T d mrning exercises is useful fr ur health.
2．表示具體的某次動作，特別是將來發(fā)生的動作，多用不定式作主語。表示比較抽象的一般行為或者經(jīng)常性習慣性的動作時，多用ding作主語。
3．在下列兩個句型中it是形式主語，不定式是真正主語；f sb和fr sb是不定式的邏輯主語：
A. It is/was + 形容詞（f sb）t d sth.
【贊揚，責備的形容詞通常用f sb作邏輯主語：wrng, right, kind, nice, brave, careful, careless, greedy, hnest, lazy, mdest, selfish, thughtful, implite, plite, clever, flish, silly, stupid, cruel, rude, generus，cnsiderate…】
B. It is/was + 形容詞（fr sb）t d sth.
【以下形容詞通常用fr sb作邏輯主語：easy, hard, difficult, imprtant, necessary, impssible, pssible, safe, dangerus, unusual, wnderful…。多數(shù)情況都用fr sb作邏輯主語。】
1)It is plite (f yu) t respect the ld.
2)It is imprtant (fr us) t d as the Rmans d.
2.（2018新課標III卷）I quickly lwer myself, ducking my head t avid lking directly int his eyes s he desn't feel_____________(challenge).
非謂語動詞作主語和表語
1.不定式作主語和表語
(1)不定式作主語時，一般表示具體某一次的動作。若不定式太長，常用it作形式主語而將不定式后置。
[2021·全國甲卷]It is pssible t walk r bike the entire 14 kilmeters.
步行或騎行這完整的14千米是可能的。
(2)不定式作表語時：①表示預定要發(fā)生的動作；②當主語是aim, purpse, idea, plan, wish, decisin, chice等詞時，常用不定式作表語；③主語為what引導的名詞性從句時，表語多用不定式。
His wish is t be a dctr in the future.
他的愿望是將來當一名醫(yī)生。
What I want t d mst in senir high schl is t imprve my English.
我在高中最想做的事就是提高我的英語水平。
2．動名詞作主語和表語
(1)動名詞作主語常表示抽象的、泛指的概念，也可用it作形式主語，把作真正主語的動名詞短語放在句末。常用于固定句型：It's a waste f time ding...; It's n use/gd ding...; It is useless ding...; There is n pint ding... 等。
Facing up t yur prblems rather than running away frm them is the best apprach t wrking things ut.
直面你的問題而不是逃避它們，是解決這些問題最好的方法。
It's n use cmplaining withut taking actin.
不采取行動而只是抱怨是沒用的。
(2)動名詞作表語時相當于名詞，用于解釋主語的內(nèi)容，表語和主語常?？梢曰Q位置。
My jb is cleaning the huse three times a week.＝Cleaning the huse three times a week is my jb.
我的工作是每星期打掃三次房子。
(3)remain作系動詞時，意為“仍然是”時，后可接現(xiàn)在分詞或過去分詞作表語；但作不及物動詞時，意為“尚待……；留待……”時，后常接t be dne。
She remained standing thugh we repeatedly asked her t sit dwn.
雖然我們?nèi)宕蔚卣埶拢€是站著。
It remains t be seen whether the newly-frmed cmmittee's plicy can be put int practice.
新成立的委員會提出的方針能否實行還有待觀察。
1.（2025·安徽省皖南八校高三摸底）Fr bubble tea business, (establish) a strng nline presence is very imprtant.
2.（2023·八省聯(lián)考） Frtunately, nwadays it is much easier ________（make）ec-friendly lifestyle chices.
3.（2024·云貴川桂四省聯(lián)考）Scientists arund the wrld are lking fr all kinds f ways t prtect and maybe even revive crals. One ptin is ______ (create) mre marine prtected areas——essentially natinal parks in the cean.
04重難點突破非謂語動詞基本知識的綜合運用
非謂語動詞基本知識的綜合運用
通過5組易混示例，理清謂語動詞和非謂語動詞
【例1】 ①He vlunteered t help cntrl traffic, (dnate) an hur f his time every week.
②He vlunteered t help cntrl traffic, and (dnate) an hur f his time every week.
【例2】 ①The guide (lead) the way, we had n truble getting ut f the frest.
②The guide (lead) the way, s we had n truble getting ut f the frest.
【例3】 ①The party will be held in the garden, weather (permit)．
②The party will be held in the garden, if weather (permit)．
【例4】 ①Jim was listening attentively t the lecture, and all his attentin (fix) n it.
②Jim was listening attentively t the lecture, with all his attentin (fix) n it.
③Jim was listening attentively t the lecture, (fix) all his attentin n it.
【例5】 ①He went int the rm, (sit) at the table and began t read newspapers.
②They walked alng the stream tgether, (talk) and laughing.
1．首先辨別謂語動詞和非謂語動詞
(1)一個句子無論是主句還是從句，必須要有謂語，一般空格所在的句子中無其他動詞，則填謂語動詞。謂語動詞要考慮時態(tài)、語態(tài)和主謂一致等。
(2)若句中找到了謂語動詞，而又找不到連詞(并列連詞或從句連詞)時，則所給動詞一定用非謂語動詞。非謂語動詞需要確定是動詞－ing形式、動詞－ed形式還是動詞不定式形式。
2．結合語境，判斷設空處在句子中作的成分，然后分析動詞與邏輯主語或被修飾詞等之間的關系，從而確定非謂語的形式。
3．掌握ding作賓語的動詞(詞組)的用法，注意介詞后要跟ding作賓語。
4．若非謂語動詞與邏輯主語之間是被動關系，且表示完成，要想到用動詞－ed形式。
5．若非謂語動詞表示將來的動作，作狀語表示目的，在喜怒哀樂的形容詞后作原因或意料之外的結果等，要想到用動詞不定式形式。
6．掌握非謂語動詞的句型
It's＋形容詞＋(fr/f sb＋) t d sth；find/think/believe/cnsider＋it＋形容詞＋t d sth。
1．“主動或進行”使用動詞-ing形式
①判斷所填動詞為非謂語動詞后，若該動詞表示“主動或進行”，則填動詞-ing形式。
②“主動或進行”的意義：表示與邏輯主語構成“主動”關系；表示與謂語動詞相比，該動作“正在進行”；表示“主動且進行”。三個方面只要具備其一即可。
(2021·1月浙江高考)This may be due t sme disadvantages fr peple ________(live) in the cuntryside, including lwer levels f incme and educatin, higher csts f healthy fds, and fewer sprts facilities.
【答案】living
【解析】考查非謂語動詞。句子中含有謂語動詞may be，且該動詞與所給動詞live之間沒有任何連詞，根據(jù)謂語動詞的“唯一性”原則可知，該處應填live的非謂語動詞形式；又因live與其邏輯主語peple之間構成主動關系，故填動詞-ing形式。
2．“被動或完成”使用動詞-ed形式
①判斷所填動詞為非謂語動詞后，若該動詞表示“被動或完成”，則填動詞-ed形式。
②“被動或完成”的意義：表示與邏輯主語構成“被動”關系；表示與謂語動詞相比，該動作“已經(jīng)完成”；表示“被動且完成”。三個方面只要具備其一即可。
(2021·1月浙江高考)In 1985, urban men and wmen in mre than three quarters f the cuntries
_______ (study) had higher BMIs than men and wmen in rural areas.
【解析】考查非謂語動詞。句子中含有謂語動詞had，且該動詞與所給動詞study之間沒有任何連詞，根據(jù)謂語動詞的“唯一性”原則，該處應填study的非謂語動詞形式；又因study與其邏輯主語cuntries之間構成被動關系，故填動詞-ed形式。
3.動詞不定式“未發(fā)生”
①判斷所填動詞為非謂語動詞后，若該動詞與謂語動詞相比較“尚未發(fā)生”，則填其不定式形式。
②若該不定式與其邏輯主語之間為主動關系，則使用不定式的一般式；若為被動形式，則使用不定式的被動語態(tài)。
③?？疾椴欢ㄊ阶髂康臓钫Z
(2021·6月浙江高考)Mary's sister, Frances Tdd Wallace, ften came ver _______ (plant) flwers in the frnt yard.
【答案】t plant
【解析】考查非謂語動詞。句子中含有謂語動詞came，且該謂語動詞與所給動詞plant之間沒有任何連詞，根據(jù)謂語動詞的“唯一性”原則，該處應填plant的非謂語動詞形式；plant與謂語動詞came之間相比較尚未發(fā)生，應使用不定式；又因plant與其邏輯主語Mary's sister之間為主動關系，故使用不定式的一般式。
4.介詞后應使用動詞-ing形式作賓語
記住常見的介詞，如after，in，n，at及固定搭配中的介詞，如insist n ding，be devted t ding等。
(2021·全國甲卷)After ________(spend) sme time lking at all the defensive equipment at the wall, we decided it was time fr sme actin and what better than t ride n a piece f histry!
【答案】spending
【解析】考查非謂語動詞?？涨暗腁fter為介詞，后應接動詞-ing形式作賓語。
5.熟記一些固定句式中的非謂語動詞
be likely t d sth, have difficulty/truble (in) ding sth, spend time (in) ding sth, It is pssible t d ..., aim t d, see＋賓語＋賓語補足語，be＋adj.＋t d sth, set ut t d ..., be expected t d等。
(2021·全國甲卷)It is pssible _________ (walk) r bike the entire 14 kilmeters.
【答案】t walk
【解析】考查固定搭配中的非謂語動詞。此處是固定句型“It is＋adj.＋(fr sb) t d sth”。
語法填空
(2025·貴州遵義市高三第一次適應性)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。（標黃題號為本專題考點）
Sun Wukng (the Mnkey King), a mnkey with human characteristics and abilities, is ne f the best lved characters in Chinese literature. ____1____ (arm) with remarkable abilities, Sun Wukng, cmes frm the 16th - century classic Jurney t the West. Lately, his stry ____2____ (inspire) the vide game Black Myth: Wukng, intrducing new audiences t the belved character.
Schlars can’t say ____3____ certain where the character f Sun Wukng riginated frm, but Jurney t the West is likely ____4____ (cme) frm existing myths and legends. Sme pssible inspiratins fr the character include Wuzhiqi, an ape-like figure in Chinese mythlgy and Hanuman, a Hindu gd with ____5____ mnkey’s face.
Sun Wukng is in ____6____ (pssess) f superhuman abilities and extrardinary pwers, ne f ____7____ enables him t shape-shift. He has many f the characteristics peple assciate with mnkeys, including mischievusness. He fights against authrity and ____8____ (truble) by the fact that there is ne thing he can never cnquer: death. S he sets ut t gain immrtality, spending years wandering the wrld in search f it.
Sun Wukng spent parts f Jurney t the West searching fr immrtality. ____9____ (frtunate), he fund it in the real wrld: in literature and pp culture. In this rich afterlife, Sun Wukng has mtivated films, plays, televisin series, vide games, and cmic bks, ensuring that this ____10____ (last) character will cntinue t embark n new adventures with future generatins.
考點
目標要求
考題統(tǒng)計及展示
考情分析
考查非謂語動詞作定語
熟練掌握分詞、不定式、動名詞作定語的用法
（2024·新高考II卷）40.inspired
(2024年1月浙江高考卷)63.designed
（2023·新高考Ⅰ卷）recgnized
(2023年新高考Ⅱ卷) visiting
（2023·1月新高考浙江卷）surrunded
（2022?新高考Ⅱ卷）falling
（2022·全國甲卷）t jurney
從近三年高考試題來看，試題以語法填空形式命題，題目中等偏難，以考查學生對有關分詞、不定式和動名詞的基本含義及句法功能以及根據(jù)語境判斷使用非謂語動詞正確形式的能力，強化語言運用能力和語境理解，題型主要是語法填空，非謂語動詞是中學語法的重點和難點。
預計在2025年高考中，以語法填空的形式命題。非謂語動詞是必考點。
考查非謂語動詞作狀語
熟練掌握分詞、不定式作狀語的用法
（2024·新高考I卷）58.t give
（2024·新高考II卷）44.Recalling
(2024·新高考Ⅱ卷)43.t find
（2024年1月浙江高考）56.t benefit
（2023·全國乙卷）Having visited
（2023·全國甲卷）brrwing
（2023·全國甲卷）t teach
（2022?新高考Ⅱ卷）t see
（2022·新高考I卷）Cvering
非謂語動詞作賓語
掌握不定式、動名詞作賓語的用法
（2024·全國甲卷）41.t catch
（2023·新高考Ⅰ卷）t bite
（2022年1月·浙江卷）t cntinue
考查非謂語動詞作賓補
掌握分詞、不定式作賓補的用法
（2023·新高考Ⅰ卷）t be lifted
（2023·新高考Ⅰ卷）wanting
（2020·新課標II卷）decrated
（2020新課標III卷）surrunding
考查非謂語動詞作主語和表語
熟練掌握不定式、動名詞作主語的用法及分詞、不定式、動名詞作表語的用法
(2021·英語全國甲卷）t walk
（2018新課標III卷）challenged

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