第14講形容詞、副詞（講義）-2024年中考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)講義（全國通用）-學(xué)案下載-教習(xí)網(wǎng)

中考總復(fù)習(xí)一般分為三輪：
1、第一輪復(fù)習(xí)為基礎(chǔ)知識的單元、章節(jié)復(fù)習(xí)。通過第一輪的復(fù)習(xí)，使學(xué)生系統(tǒng)掌握基礎(chǔ)知識、基本技能和方法，形成明晰的知識網(wǎng)絡(luò)和穩(wěn)定的知識框架。
2、第二輪復(fù)習(xí)打破章節(jié)界限實行大單元、小綜合、專題式復(fù)習(xí)。第二輪復(fù)習(xí)絕不是第一輪復(fù)習(xí)的壓縮文檔，而是一個知識點綜合、鞏固、完善、提高的過程。復(fù)習(xí)的主要任務(wù)及目標是：完成各部分知識的條理，歸納，糅合，使各部分知識成為一個有機的整體。
3、第三輪復(fù)習(xí)是知識、能力深化鞏固的階段。復(fù)習(xí)資料的組織以中考題及模擬題為主，回扣教材，查缺補漏，進行強化訓(xùn)練。同時，要教給學(xué)生一些必備的應(yīng)試技巧和方法，使學(xué)生有足夠的自信從容地面對中考。
?第14講形容詞、副詞（講義）
【復(fù)習(xí)目標】
1.熟練掌握形容詞和副詞的句法功能和分類；
2.掌握形容詞、副詞比較級和最高級的規(guī)則變化和不規(guī)則變化；
3.掌握修飾比較級和最高級的標志詞和相關(guān)句式；
4.掌握倍數(shù)表達法；
5.掌握形容詞后綴、形容詞變副詞構(gòu)詞法
6.掌握易混易錯形容詞和副詞
【考情分析】
形容詞是描述人或事物的特征、性質(zhì)、屬性及狀態(tài)的一種詞類，主要用來修飾名詞或代詞。對于形容詞的考查多集中在三個方面：1. 形容詞的比較等級；2. 形容詞詞義辨析；3. 形容詞短語搭配。4.形容詞的比較級和最高級?？v觀近年各地市中考題，對在語言環(huán)境中考查形容詞詞義的題目有逐步增加的趨勢。在學(xué)習(xí)過程中，要在識記形容詞詞義上多下功夫，同時兼顧比較等級的各種變化形式。副詞是歷年各省市中考必考知識點。從考查形式看，一般有單項選擇、完形填空、詞語運用等。所占分值通常為2～4分。從命題意圖看，側(cè)重考查考生的具體語言環(huán)境中使用副詞的能力。

【網(wǎng)絡(luò)構(gòu)建】
考向一形容詞和副詞的句法功能和分類
一、形容詞的分類
形容詞的句法功能
二、副詞的基本用法
副詞是用來修飾動詞、形容詞、其他副詞以及全句話的詞類，表示時間、地點、程度、方式等概念。
?We shuld listen t ur teachers carefully.我們應(yīng)該認真聽老師講課。
?He is very happy tday.他今天非常高興。
?＂What happened?＂I asked, rather angrily. ＂發(fā)生什么事情了？＂我相當生氣地問。
?In spring, I can see flwers everywhere.在春天，我到處都能看到花。
不少副詞同時也可用作介詞或其它詞類。
?Have yu read this bk befre? (副詞，作時間狀語) 你以前讀過這本書嗎？
?He will arrive befre ten ’clck.（介詞，befre ten ’clck 是介詞短語，作時間狀語）他將在10點鐘前到達。
副詞的分類
副詞按詞匯意義可分為：
1. 時間副詞：tday, early, sn, nw, then, recently, still
1）表示發(fā)生時間的副詞：
?It’s beginning t rain nw! 現(xiàn)在開始下雨了！
2）表示頻繁程度的副詞，也稱頻度副詞always, ften, usually, smetimes, never, ever, hardly等一般位于系動詞、情態(tài)動詞和助動詞之后，實義動詞之前。
?She ften changes her mind. 她常改變主意。
3）還有一些其他表示時間的副詞：
?He has just had an peratin. 他剛動過手術(shù)。
2. 地點副詞：here, there, ut, smewhere, abrad, hme
1）有不少表示地點的副詞：
?She is studying abrad. 她在國外留學(xué)。
2）還有一些部分與介詞同形的副詞。它們與介詞同形，后跟賓語的是介詞，否則是副詞：
①用作介詞：Stand up!起立！
②用作副詞： A cat climbed up the tree. 貓爬上了樹。
3）以where構(gòu)成的副詞也是地點副詞： It’s the same everywhere. 到處都一樣。
3. 方式副詞：well, fast, slwly, carefully, quickly
1）英語中有大量方式副詞，說明行為方式（回答hw的問題）：
?Hw beautifully yur wife dances. 你夫人舞跳得真美。
2）還有相當多的副詞，表示某些情緒：
?She smiled gratefully. 她感激的笑了笑。
3）還有一些以-ly結(jié)尾的副詞，表示動作發(fā)生的狀況：
?He left the twn secretly. 他悄然離開了這座城市。
4. 程度副詞：very, much, enugh, almst, rather, quite
5. 頻度副詞：always, ften, usually, smetimes, seldm, never
6. 疑問副詞：where, hw, why
7. 否定副詞：n, nt, neither, nr
8. 其他副詞：als, t, nly
考向二形容詞、副詞比較級和最高級的規(guī)則變化和不規(guī)則變化
一形容詞、副詞比較級和最高級的構(gòu)成規(guī)則
規(guī)則變化
注意：
有少數(shù)幾個雙音節(jié)形容詞，既可以加-er和-est，又可以加mre和mst構(gòu)成比較級和最高級。這些雙音節(jié)詞是：cmmn, handsme, plite, quiet, wicked, pleasant, cruel, stupid, tired和以-w，-er結(jié)尾的詞。
有些形容詞沒有程度可分，或形容詞本身就表示某種程度，因此沒有比較級和最高級。這類形容詞有：right(正確的)，wrng(錯誤的)，excellent(優(yōu)秀的)，pssible(可能的)，empty(空的)，favrite(最愛的)，perfect(完美的)等。
不規(guī)則變化
注意：elder 不能與than連用，只能用作定語修飾名詞，僅用于同輩之間的排行，即家庭成員的長幼關(guān)系，如：elder sister(姐姐)，elder brther(哥哥)
考向三修飾比較級和最高級的標志詞和相關(guān)句式
一比較級和最高級的標志詞
修飾形容詞/副詞比較級的詞有：rather，much，still，even，far，by far (后置)，a lt，a little，a great deal，a bit, any等。
The students study even harder than befre.
學(xué)生們甚至比以前學(xué)習(xí)更努力了。
The bk is far mre interesting than the bks I have ever read.
這本書比我以前讀的書有趣多了。
最高級可用by far，almst，nearly，ne f及序數(shù)詞修飾，表示程度或順序。
The bridge being built nw is by far the lngest acrss the Yellw River.
目前正在建的那座橋是橫跨黃河之上的橋當中最長的。
比較級+than... (比更)
He rises earlier than anyne else in his class.
他比班里其他人都起得早。
less+than 多音節(jié)或某些雙音節(jié)的形容詞或副詞+than... (不如)
This bk is less amusing than that ne.
這本書不如那本書有趣。
the+比較級+f (兩者中更的)
He is the taller f the tw bys.他是兩個男孩中較高的。
the+比較級+主語+謂語，the +比較級+主語+謂語（越就越）
The mre careful yu are, the fewer mistakes yu’ll make.
你越認真，犯的錯誤就越少。
易混點：the +最高級，副詞最高級前通常不用the .
Of all the mbile phnes I like this ne best.
在所有手機中，我最喜歡這個。
（7）“形容詞/副詞比較級＋and＋形容詞/副詞比較級”表示“越來越……”
在“比較級＋and＋比較級”結(jié)構(gòu)中，單音節(jié)形容詞或副詞用“形容詞/副詞-er＋and＋形容詞/副詞-er”結(jié)構(gòu)，多音節(jié)形容詞和副詞常用“mre and mre＋形容詞或副詞原級”結(jié)構(gòu)。
Things are getting better and better day by day.
情況正在一天天好起來。
It's becming mre and mre difficult t find a rewarding jb.
找一份令人滿意的工作越來越困難了。
（8）否定詞與比較級連用表示最高級
I have never heard a better vice.
我從來沒有聽過比這更好聽的聲音。
易混點：
類似用法的結(jié)構(gòu)：can't/culdn't ... t＋adj./adv.＝can't/culdn't ... ＋adj./adv.＋enugh 表示“無論……也不為過”。
（2）英語中有些詞沒有比較級，但仍可表示比較級的意思，通常與介詞t連用，不與than共同使用，如：senir, junir, superir, inferir等。
考向四倍數(shù)表達法
A is＋倍數(shù)＋比較級＋than＋B
A is＋倍數(shù)＋as＋原級＋as＋B
A is＋倍數(shù)＋the＋名詞(size, length, height等)＋f＋B
The＋名詞(size, length, height等)＋f＋A is＋倍數(shù)＋that＋f＋B
A is＋倍數(shù)＋what引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句
考向五形容詞后綴、形容詞變副詞構(gòu)詞法
一名詞、動詞加上后綴構(gòu)成形容詞
二常用形容詞前綴
三形容詞變副詞規(guī)則
易錯易混點:
以-ly結(jié)尾的形容詞
friendly友好的 lvely可愛的 lively精力充沛的
lnely孤獨的 weekly每周的 daily每日的
deadly致命的 mnthly每月的 yearly每年的
考向六易混易錯形容詞和副詞
既可作形容詞又可作副詞且有-ly表抽象概念(有-ly)的詞
2．有無-ly意義大不相同的副詞
eq \b\lc\{\rc\ (\a\vs4\al\c1(dead完全地，全然地be dead asleep,deadly非常be deadly tired))
eq \b\lc\{\rc\ (\a\vs4\al\c1(pretty相當be pretty certain that ... ,prettily漂亮地be prettily dressed))
eq \b\lc\{\rc\ (\a\vs4\al\c1(late晚，遲arrive late， cme late,lately最近；近來I haven't seen him lately.))
eq \b\lc\{\rc\ (\a\vs4\al\c1(hard 努力地wrk hard,hardly 幾乎不He has hardly eat anything.))
一、單項選擇
1．（2023·浙江·模擬預(yù)測）—D yu like English?
—Yes. But I think it’s ________ subject f all.
A．the easiestB．the mst difficultC．the mst interestingD．the mst bring
2．（2023·江西南昌·南昌市八一中學(xué)?？寄M預(yù)測）—Guess what! The farmers made Tian’anmen Square mdel with millins f crns.
—Ww! There are always many ________ peple arund us!
A．lcalB．creativeC．tinyD．humrus
3．（2023·重慶沙坪壩·重慶一中?？既＃猈hy d s many peple like blind bxes like POPMART?
—I think it’s because peple will easily get ________ abut smething uncertain.
A．excitedB．bredC．relaxedD．wrried
4．（2023·重慶江北·校考三模）As a pstman in a lnely village, Mr. Zhang thinks his jb ________ because he helps the villagers keep in tuch with their families.
A．cmfrtableB．terribleC．valuableD．pssible
5．（2023·福建·校聯(lián)考三模）—Will everyne take part in the cncert tnight?
—I’m afraid nt. Jack will be ________ because he is preparing fr his speech.
A．nervusB．patientC．a(chǎn)bsent
6．（2023·福建泉州·統(tǒng)考三模）—Shall we run quickly t escape when we are n fire?
—Of curse nt. It’s said t be even mre ________ t d that.
A．dangerusB．deliciusC．difficult
7．（2023·江蘇鎮(zhèn)江·統(tǒng)考一模）It is ________ f that man t wait fr a lng time n such a ht day.
A．patientB．curiusC．imaginativeD．careful
8．（2023·河北石家莊·校聯(lián)考一模）—Are yu ging t get t airprt by bus?
—I’d rather take a taxi. It’s ________.
A．quickerB．cheaperC．the quickestD．the cheapest
9．（2023·湖北武漢·統(tǒng)考二模）—It’s really hard fr me t make a chice!
—Yu can turn t Marie fr help. She’s always a ________ thinker.
A．freshB．clearC．straightD．typical
10．（2023·甘肅白銀·統(tǒng)考二模）—What d yu think f the service f this stre?
—It’s ________. The waiters are patient with custmers.
A．usefulB．painfulC．wnderfulD．a(chǎn)wful
11．（2023·福建福州·福建省福州延安中學(xué)?？既＃￤e shuldn’t depend n ur parents t much. It’s ________ fr us t make ur wn decisin.
A．imprtantB．impssibleC．impatient
12．（2023·福建廈門·統(tǒng)考模擬預(yù)測）—Wuld yu like t g bike riding with us tnight?
—It’s wrth trying, but my mm will ________ disagree.
A．prperlyB．prbablyC．perfectly
13．（2023·福建泉州·模擬預(yù)測）—Sir, wuld yu mind speaking mre __________? I can’t fllw yu.
—Of curse nt.
A．slwlyB．plitelyC．quickly
14．（2023·重慶大渡口·統(tǒng)考一模）The waiters f the restaurant treat peple ________. They always serve them with big smiles n their faces.
A．wiselyB．cmpletelyC．differentlyD．plitely
15．（2023·甘肅隴南·統(tǒng)考三模）Alice watched TV the whle afternn ________ t kill the bring time.
A．simplyB．suddenlyC．differentlyD．quickly
16．（2023·甘肅白銀·統(tǒng)考二模）Emily is a kind girl. She is ________ ready t help peple in need.
A．smetimesB．neverC．hardlyD．a(chǎn)lways
17．（2023·吉林長春·統(tǒng)考一模）My father gets up early every mrning, s he is ________ late fr wrk.
A．ftenB．nearlyC．neverD．a(chǎn)lways
18．（2023·安徽宿州·統(tǒng)考二模）—Lk! Hw ______ it rains. I’m afraid we have t put ff the plan f camping.
—What a pity! Hpe it will be sunny sn.
A．quicklyB．heavilyC．greatlyD．directly
19．（2023·安徽安慶·安慶市第二中學(xué)?？级＃㏕he member f the team jin hands with each ther, s the wrk ges n ________.
A．prlyB．carelesslyC．peacefullyD．smthly
20．（2023·福建福州·模擬預(yù)測）The price f il is much ________ than befre, s many peple g t wrk by bus instead f by car.
A．highB．higherC．the highest
21．（2023·吉林長春·吉林省第二實驗學(xué)校?？级＃_______ yu get t knw abut Chinese culture, ________ yu lve this mysterius cuntry.
A．The better, the betterB．The mre, the mre
C．The mre seriusly, the mre seriusD．The lnger, the lnger
22．（2023·內(nèi)蒙古呼倫貝爾·統(tǒng)考三模）— Are yu ging t the airprt by bus?
— I’d rather take a taxi. It’s much ________.
A．quickerB．cheaperC．the quickestD．the cheapest
23．（2023·重慶銅梁·重慶市巴川中學(xué)校?？级＃〩me is _______ place wherever we g. As we knw, “East r west, hme is the best.”
A．warmB．warmerC．the warmerD．the warmest
24．（2023·上海黃浦·統(tǒng)考三模）Cuntry life isn’t always as ________ as city life, villagers think.
A．peacefulB．mre peacefulC．mst peacefulD．the mst peaceful
25．（2023·黑龍江齊齊哈爾·統(tǒng)考三模）—Hw d yu like Jasn’s bks?
—I think they are interesting. The mre I read them, ________ I like them.
A．the mreB．the leastC．the less
26．（2023·江西南昌·南昌市八一中學(xué)?？寄M預(yù)測）—We’re ding a lt t prtect ur envirnment, but it’s nt enugh!
—S we shuld try ________ t prtect it.
A．hardB．hardlyC．hardestD．harder
27．（2023·四川廣元·統(tǒng)考一模）—Lucy, yur English has imprved s much. Hw did yu d it?
—Nthing difficult. The ________ yu wrk at it, the mre prgress yu will make.
A．harderB．hardC．hardlyD．mre hardly
28．（2023·湖南湘西·統(tǒng)考二模）—D yu think rbts can d things as ________ as man?
—I dn’t think s.
A．wellB．gdC．better
29．（2023·重慶綦江·校聯(lián)考一模）—Wh will yu miss ________ f all the teachers after graduatin?
—My headteacher, Miss Huang.
A．mreB．the bestC．the mstD．the mre
30．（2023·江西撫州·統(tǒng)考一模）Daniel asked the taxi driver t drive a little ________ because he had t catch the last train.
A．quicklyB．mre quicklyC．the mst quicklyD．less quickly
二、語法選擇
（2023·陜西寶雞·統(tǒng)考二模）
Have yu ever wndered what it takes t be an astrnaut? In Octber 2022, the astrnaut Sctt 31 his fantastic experiences in space with sme kids.
Sctt was accepted int the astrnaut training prgram 32 1996. Then he learned t fly a space plane. “I wrked really hard n it,” he said abut 33 training. He tk part in fur space 34 frm 1999 t 2016. His first task was a repair trip. On his secnd trip, he was the task leader. In 2011, he finished his third task. He 35 t set ff n a 340-day task by the Space Engineering Office. It was a five-mnth stay n the Internatinal Space Statin. It wuld becme ne f 36 trips in space.
The main purpse was t study 37 after a lng space flight（飛行）. Sctt went t space. His brther, Mark, stayed n Earth. Then scientists were able 38 them. Because they are twins and have 39 same DNA．There’s still a lt t learn abut the effects f space flights n the bdy. And there’s always wrk t be dne in space.
Fr thse kids wh want t becme astrnauts, Sctt has sme advice. “Chse smething that yu like,” he says, “because 40 yu like it, yu’ ll d better at it.”
31．A．sharesB．will shareC．sharedD．is sharing
32．A．inB．a(chǎn)tC．nD．f
33．A．heB．hisC．himD．himself
34．A．skillB．skillsC．taskD．tasks
35．A．chsesB．chseC．was chsenD．is chsen
36．A．lngerB．the lngestC．heavierD．the heaviest
37．A．what the human bdy wuld be likeB．what wuld the human bdy be like
C．hw the human bdy wuld be likeD．hw wuld the human bdy be like
38．A．inviteB．t inviteC．cmpareD．t cmpare
39．A．/B．theC．a(chǎn)D．a(chǎn)n
40．A．befreB．unlessC．ifD．thugh
一、單項選擇
1．（2023·江蘇南通·統(tǒng)考中考真題）—Life is like a rad. It isn’t always ________.
—I can’t agree mre. S we shuld learn t deal with all kinds f difficulties.
A．smthB．silentC．seriusD．special
2．（2023·遼寧阜新·統(tǒng)考中考真題）— Tim is an excellent by. Everyne likes him.
— Yes, his grandparents are very ________ f him.
A．prudB．funnyC．excitedD．a(chǎn)fraid
3．（2023·黑龍江哈爾濱·統(tǒng)考中考真題）—Did yu g n a schl trip last weekend?
—Yes. We visited the science museum. It was really ________ and all f us enjyed urselves.
A．interestedB．bringC．interesting
4．（2023·山東青島·統(tǒng)考中考真題）We shuld eat ________ fruit and vegetables t keep healthy.
A．freeB．freshC．sftD．sweet
5．（2023·湖北十堰·統(tǒng)考中考真題）—As far as I knw, the high-speed railway frm Shiyan t Xi’an will be finished sn.
—Yeah. It will be mre ________ fr us t travel t Xi’an.
A．dangerusB．difficultC．cnvenientD．traditinal
6．（2023·遼寧丹東·統(tǒng)考中考真題）Jim can carry the heavy bx because he is much ________ than the thers in his class.
A．strngerB．thinnerC．smallerD．weaker
7．（2023·江蘇宿遷·統(tǒng)考中考真題）Hua Hua—a panda at Chengdu Giant Panda Base is ________ because f her cute lks.
A．ppularB．publicC．prperD．private
8．（2023·內(nèi)蒙古呼和浩特·統(tǒng)考中考真題）Parents shuld teach their children t behave ________ in public.
A．prperlyB．clearlyC．imprtantlyD．widely
9．（2023·山東東營·統(tǒng)考中考真題）Shrt-frm vides can ________ catch peple’s eyes. That’s ne reasn why lts f peple spend hurs n Duyin.
A．easilyB．widelyC．luckilyD．seriusly
10．（2022·青?！そy(tǒng)考中考真題）Peple in Qinghai are wrking hard. That’s why Qinghai is develping s ________.
A．regularlyB．rapidlyC．suddenly
11．（2022·江蘇鹽城·統(tǒng)考中考真題）— What shuld we take when ging birdwatching?
— Yu’d better take a pair f binculars which will help yu see mre ________.
A．quietlyB．clearlyC．plitelyD．seriusly
12．（2022·山東青島·統(tǒng)考中考真題）Tm, yu haven’t changed at all—yu still lk __________ the same.
A．especiallyB．exactlyC．pssiblyD．hardly
13．（2022·湖北襄陽·統(tǒng)考中考真題）—Have yu ever watched Xiangyang Flwer-Drum Opera?
—N, never. Perhaps it shuld be intrduced _________ t yung peple.
A．heavilyB．cheaplyC．widelyD．nearly
14．（2022·遼寧撫順·統(tǒng)考中考真題）If yu want t brrw bks frm the schl library, ________ frget yur ID card.
A．a(chǎn)lwaysB．neverC．smetimesD．hardly
15．（2022·遼寧阜新·中考真題）Jenny is ging t buy a pair f glasses because she can ________ see things clearly these days.
A．a(chǎn)lreadyB．hardlyC．wellD．a(chǎn)lmst
16．（2022·遼寧丹東·統(tǒng)考中考真題）— Why d yu hardly make mistakes?
— Because I d everything very _______.
A．carelesslyB．unluckilyC．carefullyD．cmfrtably
17．（2022·山東菏澤·中考真題）—Which teacher will yu miss mst after junir high schl, Clara?
—Mr. Lee. He is always ________ with me in math class.
A．carefulB．patientC．busy
18．（2022·廣西貴港·統(tǒng)考中考真題）—Are yu ging t ride yur bike t the beach?
—Yes. It’s ________ f all.
A．cnvenientB．mre cnvenientC．mst cnvenientD．the mst cnvenient
19．（2022·北京·統(tǒng)考中考真題）After taking tennis classes, Tim is much ________ than last year.
A．strngB．strngerC．strngestD．the strngest
20．（2022·江蘇徐州·統(tǒng)考中考真題）Tday is much ________ than yesterday. Nice!
A．clB．clerC．clestD．the clest
21．（2022·黑龍江·統(tǒng)考中考真題）I think swimming is ne f _______ sprts in ur schl．
A．ppularB．mre ppularC．the mst ppular
22．（2022·廣西賀州·統(tǒng)考中考真題）Andy desn’t like junk fd at all, s she ________ eats it.
A．ftenB．smetimesC．usuallyD．never
23．（2022·天津·統(tǒng)考中考真題）Althugh he failed many times, he ________ gave up his dream.
A．nearlyB．neverC．ftenD．a(chǎn)lways
24．（2022·廣西貴港·統(tǒng)考中考真題）Tina gets up early every mrning, s she is ________ late fr schl.
A．ftenB．a(chǎn)lwaysC．usuallyD．never
25．The sup tastes ________ because it’s t salty. I put salt int it t ________ in a hurry.
A．terribly; carefullyB．terrible; careful
C．terrible; carelesslyD．terribly; careless
分類
說明
性質(zhì)形容詞
用于表示人或物所具有的性質(zhì)。在英語中，大量的形容詞屬于這一類別，多數(shù)有比較級和最高級，有程度大小的區(qū)別，可以使用程度副詞修飾。
funny滑稽的，lvely可愛的，healthy健康的
類別形容詞
用于闡明人或事物所屬的特定類別。這一類形容詞往往沒有程度大小的區(qū)別、沒有比較級和最高級，而且不使用程度副詞修飾。
financial經(jīng)濟的，mental腦力的，cultural文化的
顏色形容詞
用于表示事物顏色的形容詞。這一類形容詞沒有比較級和最高級。
blue藍色的，green綠色的，white白色的
敘述形容詞
這類形容詞只能作表語，所以又稱為表語形容詞。這類形容詞沒有級的變化，也不可用程度副詞修飾，大多數(shù)以a開頭的形容詞都屬于這一類。
afraid害怕的，alne單獨的，asleep睡著的，wrth值得的，ill病的
分詞形容詞
英語中有些表情感態(tài)度的動詞，如excite，wrry，其過去分詞和現(xiàn)在分詞可形容詞化，即相當于形容詞。
wrried擔優(yōu)的，wrrying令人擔憂的，exciting令人興奮的，excited感到興奮的
復(fù)合形容詞
指的是由幾個詞共同構(gòu)成并起形容詞作用的詞。
three-year-ld三歲的，rdinary-lking相貌普通的，middle-aged中年的
成分
說明
例句
作定語
一般放在所修飾詞的前面
It’s a cld and windy day tday. 今天是個寒冷、有風的天氣。
作表語
放在系動詞的后面
He lks happy tday. 他今天看上去很開心。
做補足語
作主語或賓語的補足語，說明主語或賓語的性質(zhì)、狀態(tài)或特征
I think it impssible fr him t finish the wrk befre dark. 我認為他不可能在天黑之前完成這一工作。
作狀語
主要表示原因、伴隨或方式
Hungry and tired, I had t stp t have a rest. 又累又餓，我只好停下來休息一下。
【知識拓展】
1. 形容詞修飾smething, anything, nthing, everything等復(fù)合不定代詞時，須放在其后。
Wuld yu like smething ht t drink? 你想喝點熱的東西嗎？
There is nthing imprtant in the paper. 報上沒什么重要的事情。
2. 表示長、寬、高、深及年齡的形容詞，應(yīng)放在相應(yīng)的名詞之后。
The bridge is abut tw hundred metres lng. 這座橋長約兩百米。
Last year we built a building thirteen streys high. 去年，我們蓋了一棟十三層高的樓。
3. 多個形容詞作定語時的順序排列：限定詞(冠詞、數(shù)詞、代詞等)→描繪性形容詞→大、小(長、短、高、低)形容詞→形狀形容詞→年齡(新、舊)形容詞→顏色形容詞、國籍形容詞、材料形容詞、用途(類別)形容詞、名詞。
【巧記順口溜】限定描繪大長高，形狀年齡和新老，顏色國籍跟材料，作用類別往后靠。
a Chinese writing desk 一張中式寫字桌
her charming small rund pink face 她迷人的小而圓的粉紅臉蛋
thse beautiful little ld Chinese earthen vases 那些漂亮小巧的中國古代花瓶
構(gòu)成法
原級
比較級
最高級
單音節(jié)詞末一般直接加-er和-est
great
greater
greatest
單音節(jié)詞以-e結(jié)尾，只加-r和-st
brave
wide
braver
wider
bravest
widest
閉音節(jié)單音節(jié)詞如末尾只有一個輔音字母，需先雙寫這個輔音字母，再加-er和-est
big
ht
bigger
htter
biggest
httest
以輔音字母加-y結(jié)尾的詞，先變-y為-i，再加-er和-est
happy
happier
happiest
多音節(jié)詞和少數(shù)雙音節(jié)詞在前面加mre和mst
difficult
expensive
mre difficult
mre expensive
mst difficult
mst expensive
少數(shù)以-er，-w結(jié)尾的雙音節(jié)詞，加-er和-est
clever
cleverer
cleverest
narrw
narrwer
narrwest
原級
比較級
最高級
gd, well
better
best
bad, ill
wrse
wrst
many, much許多的
mre
mst
little
less
least
far
farther距離遠的
farthest距離最遠
far
further距離更遠；程度更勝
furthest距離最遠；程度最深
ld
lder/elder
ldest/eldest
后綴
示例
名詞+-y
health-healthy; nise-nisy; leaf-leafy; sun-sunny; rain-rainy; snw-snwy
名詞+-ful
pwer-pwerful; peace-peaceful; beauty-beautiful; wnder-wnderful;
help-helpful; faith-faithful; shame-shameful; thank-thankful
名詞+-less
care-careless; hpe-hpeless; use-useless; wire-wireless
名詞+-ic
energy-energetic; base-basic
名詞+-en
wd-wden；gld—glden; wl-wlen
名詞+-al/-ial
natin-natinal；educatin—educatinal；nature—natural
名詞＋-ish
fl-flish; self-selfish; by-byish; child—childish
名詞＋-us
danger-dangerus; curage-curageus; fame-famus
名詞＋-ly
friend-friendly; rder-rderly; day-daily
名詞/動詞＋-able
advise-advisable; cmfrt-cmfrtable; value-valuable
動詞＋-ive
act-active; impress-impressive
前綴
示例
extra-超出，特別
extrardinary非凡的；extra-large特大的
anti- 反；抗
antinuclear反對使用核武的；anti-Japanese war抗日戰(zhàn)爭
un- 不，非
unable不能的；unhappy不快樂的
in- 不，非
inactive不活動的；incnvenient不方便的
im- 不，非
impssible不可能的；implite不禮貌的
ir- 不，非
irregular不規(guī)則的；irrespnsible無責任感的
il- 不，非
illegal非法的；illgical不合邏輯的
nn- 不，非
nnvilent非暴力的；nnprfit非盈利的
情況
構(gòu)成
示詞
一般情況
加-ly
quick—quickly，brave—bravely，immediate—immediately
以輔音字母
＋-y結(jié)尾
將y改為i
再加-ly
easy—easily, happy—happily，
heavy—heavily, busy—busily
以-le結(jié)尾
去e加-y
simple—simply，gentle—gently，terrible-terribly
以元音字母
＋-e結(jié)尾
去e加-ly
true—truly
以-ll結(jié)尾
只加-y
full—fully, dull—dully
以-ic結(jié)尾
加-ally
basic—basically，scientific—scientifically
情況
形容詞
副詞（抽象含義）
deep
深的
The hle is deep.這個洞很深。
深地；在深處
He wrked deep int the night.他工作到深夜。
deeply
深深地；深刻地
He is deeply mved .他被深深地打動了。
wide
寬闊的；寬的
The river is 10 meters wide.
關(guān)闊地；充分地
Open yur eyes wide.睜大你的眼睛。
widely
廣泛地
English is widely used in the wrld.英語在世界上被普遍應(yīng)用。
high
高的
高；向高處He jumps high.他跳的很高。
highly
高度地；非常
He is highly spken f.他被高度評價。
clse
近的；親密的；仔細的
He is my clse friend.
他是我關(guān)系很好的朋友。
挨著；接近
Stand clse t the dr.站的挨著門。
clsely
密切地 Listen clsely.仔細地聽。

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