The slutin t any despair might be hpe,experts say.It’s believing in a brighter future and acting twards it. 1 Here are strategies that can help cultivate hpe.As Hellman,an assistant prfessr f psychlgy at Sufflk University in Bstn,pints ut,“Hpe begets hpe,and it has such a significant prtective factr.”
2 Make it a pint t always be wrking tward at least ne gal that’s meaningful,Hellman advises.In ther wrds,it shuldn’t be smething yu have t d but smething yu want t d.“Gals can be anything that’s imprtant t us,” he says.
Brainstrm slutins.If yu’ve set a gal that’s meaningful t yu,but yu can’t figure ut a way t achieve it,yu’ll prbably feel pretty hpeless.Peple wh are high in hpe,meanwhile,tend t generate lts f ways. 3 If yu’re struggling t make a plan,Hellman suggests sitting dwn with a pen and paper and giving yurself an hur t brainstrm slutins.
Seek ut success stries.It’s said that peple cultivate hpe by seeking supprt frm their parents and specific teachers.But they als gt a lt ut f learning abut ther peple wh have dne well fr themselves.Hellman says,“ 4 ”
Tap int yur imaginatin.Hellman thinks f imaginatin as “the instrument f hpe”.Let’s say yu set a gal fr the week.Spend a few minutes reflecting n r talking abut what wuld happen if yu achieved it.“Hw des it impact yu,r hw wuld it benefit thers?” he says.“ 5 And when yu can see yurself in the future,that is the very essence f hpe.”
A.D smething meaningful.
B.It can be taught and nurtured.
C.Think in a gal-riented way.
D.With these gd examples,peple are bund t be successful.
E.S,if ne desn’t wrk ut,they have an alternative at the ready.
F.By seeing ther peple succeed,they feel like they culd succeed.
G.Yu and I have this wnderful capacity t play a mvie in ur head.
答案與解析
【語篇導(dǎo)讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了一些培養(yǎng)希望的策略。
1.B 根據(jù)下文可知,本句主要啟示下文,指出希望可以被培養(yǎng),B項(xiàng)中It對應(yīng)上文的hpe。故B項(xiàng)“它可以被教導(dǎo)和培養(yǎng)?！狈险Z境。
2.C 根據(jù)下文可知,本段的主旨是通過制定目標(biāo)來采取行動,故C項(xiàng)“以目標(biāo)為導(dǎo)向的方式思考?！狈险Z境。
3.E 本句承接上文,構(gòu)成因果關(guān)系,指出想出很多辦法的結(jié)果。故E項(xiàng)“所以,如果一個(gè)不成功,他們有另一個(gè)選擇?！狈险Z境。
4.F 本句主要引用Hellman關(guān)于尋找成功事跡的言論和論點(diǎn),故F項(xiàng)“看到別人成功,他們覺得自己也能成功?！狈险Z境。
5.G 本段的主旨是在大腦中發(fā)揮想象力,從而獲得希望。故G項(xiàng)“你和我都有在腦海中播放電影的奇妙能力?！狈险Z境。
Passage 2
(2024浙江溫州二模)
Is a mvieger different frm a mvie-lver?I’d say s.Yu can lve a mvie by watching it at hme. 6 .I’ve spent a lt f time talking t peple abut mvies.By listening t what they say,I can reprt they nly share ne thing in cmmn:they g ut.
I’ve thught abut tw views f the mvieger lately.
The first view cmes frm Rland Barthes.Mst ften,his mviegers dn’t g t the mvies fr a distinct purpse. 7 .They are bred.Once they get inside,they can’t help but sink int a relaxed state.When they leave the mvie theater,these mviegers dn’t want t talk t anyne abut the mvie. 8 .Barthes sees them as a lnely being,ne wh is intrspective(自省的).I think sme f us use mvie theaters t retreat inside urselves.
The secnd view cmes frm the Clark Theater manager,Bruce Trinz.When peple g t the mvies they g fr a certain persnal mtive.They may want t frget smething,r escape frm the lives they are leading.Or they may want t see a film they liked years ag. 9 ,they are the hpeless addicts wh,quite simply,like mvies.The nly thing I wuld challenge in this definitin is the wrd hpeless. 10 ,but they cme t the mvies filled with hpe.They may nt be able t define what they hpe t experience,but they will knw it when they feel it.
A.Whatever mtive they have
B.T be a mvieger,yu have t g ut
C.The mvie als puts them smewhere else
D.They are instead wrapped up in themselves
E.Because mviegers g in search f beauty
F.Mviegers may be hpelessly addicted t the mvies
G.It’s smething t d with a respnse t leisure,free time
答案與解析
【語篇導(dǎo)讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了關(guān)于電影觀眾和電影愛好者不同之處的兩個(gè)觀點(diǎn)。
6.B 根據(jù)上下文可知,設(shè)空處說明的是電影觀眾應(yīng)是什么樣的。B項(xiàng)能夠承接上文,引出下文,符合語境。故選B項(xiàng)。
7.G 根據(jù)上下文可知,空格處進(jìn)一步解釋說明電影觀眾沒有明確的目的。G項(xiàng)能夠承上啟下。
8.D 根據(jù)上文“When they leave the mvie theater,these mviegers dn’t want t talk t anyne abut the mvie.”可知,設(shè)空處應(yīng)該說明的是電影觀眾離開電影院時(shí)的表現(xiàn)。D項(xiàng)承接上文。
9.A 根據(jù)上下文可知,設(shè)空處應(yīng)說明的是不管他們有著什么目的,他們只是喜歡電影。A項(xiàng)能夠承上啟下。
10.F 根據(jù)上下文可知,空格處與“無望”有關(guān),且與下文為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。F項(xiàng)與下文為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系,符合語境。
Passage 3(2024福建漳州三模)
It’s summer.Yu’re n yur favurite beach twel,a friend beside yu.Yu’re bth absrbed in bks,ccasinally taking sips f water.But what happens when it’s time t head hme?Will yu carry n reading tgether later?Generally speaking,reading tends t be seen as a slitary(孤獨(dú)的) pastime. 11 Hwever,the benefits f sharing the experience are numerus and wrth sticking with thrughut the year.
12 Fr example,yu dn’t have t brainstrm t rganize a cnversatin,because yu bth have a bk in yur hands.Yu can get lst in yur bk withut wrrying abut seeming rude by nt keeping up a cnstant stream f chatter.As yu bth enter the same state,yur bld pressure will g dwn,muscle tensin will ease,and yur wrries will fade away.All these put yu at ease. 13 A quiet crner f the playgrund,a blanket spread ut n the grass in the garden,r any calm space where yu feel relaxed will d.
Spending time tgether reading can strengthen friendships.As yu turn the pages,yu might discver interesting facts t pass a lng r funny anecdte t giggle (咯咯笑) ver.Smetimes,yu’ll cme acrss mre serius themes,such as lsing a lved ne r a cherished pet,r facing any ne f life’s many challenges. 14
Reading fictin has been shwn t enhance empathy (同理心),which is the ability t understand and share the feelings f anther.As yu knw,nvels allw us t live cuntless experiences thrugh their characters,which will result in heightened sensitivity. 15 Fr example,a persn’s empathetic respnse increases as he emerges frm being immersed in a stry.
A.Reading with thers is cmfrting in many ways.
B.And this sensitivity can lead t an immediate impact.
C.Reading can surely bring the jy f relaxatin t peple.
D.Besides,yu dn’t need t find a specific place t get int this zne.
E.S it might seem unusual t pull ut a nvel in the cmpany f thers.
F.Reading in pair may help yu and yur friend stay mre cmmitted t reading.
G.Discussing these themes can help deepen the bnd between yu and yur friend.
答案與解析
【語篇導(dǎo)讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了共同閱讀的好處。
11.E 上文提到閱讀往往被視為一種孤獨(dú)的消遣,說明共同閱讀不常見,下文提到這種共同閱讀的經(jīng)歷好處多多,該空內(nèi)容應(yīng)與“共同閱讀不常見”相關(guān),與下文也形成轉(zhuǎn)折,表明共同閱讀雖不常見,但好處多多,E項(xiàng)切合語境。
12.A 下文列舉了共同閱讀的多種好處,A項(xiàng)引出下文,A項(xiàng)中的“is cmfrting in many ways”能夠概括本段中提到的多種好處。
13.D 由下文“A quiet crner will d.”可知,共同閱讀并不限制場地,一個(gè)安靜的地方就行,D項(xiàng)能引起下文的例子。
14.G 結(jié)合上文共同閱讀時(shí)會碰到的更嚴(yán)重的主題,可知該空應(yīng)該講共同閱讀下這些主題會對加強(qiáng)友誼所起到的積極作用,G項(xiàng)切合語境。
15.B 上文提到了小說閱讀將提高我們的敏感度,下文講了高敏感度產(chǎn)生的影響:人的移情反應(yīng)會增加,B項(xiàng)切合語境。
Passage 4(2024山東濟(jì)南一模)
Risks f Overtraining
Getting in shape and training fr an event such as a marathn requires lng-lasting and intense physical cmmitment. 16 But the truth is,smetimes the very acts we d t get healthy can actually push us past ur physical limits.
Specifically,vertraining is a set f signs that ccur when yur bdy is nt able t recver sufficiently befre ging int yur next wrkut. 17 Peple tend t ignre them.Over time,the cycle f starting the next training sessin befre allwing recvery causes breakdwn f the very parts f the bdy that yu wrk s hard t build up.
The structures and systems f yur bdy adapt t the demands yu have placed n them befre the rest time.If yur wrkut slightly ges beynd yur current ability,it will adapt tward what yu did in a psitive way. 18
Tw main factrs are necessary in recvery:nutritin and rest.Gd nutritin,including water and prtein intake,is extremely imprtant,especially within 40 minutes f yur wrkut. 19 Yur bdy uses the nutrients yu have given it during the rest time,especially sleep,t strengthen.
One f the best ways t prevent vertraining is t fcus n yur mrning resting heart rate. 20 Generally,yu will detect an increase in yur heart rate befre the ther signs shw up.Tracking it in a lg can be a great way t mnitr yur recvery.
A.It’s easy t measure and track.
B.Allwing time fr recvery is als essential.
C.The prblem is that they shw up very gradually.
D.Belw are the signs and symptms f vertraining.
E.Listening t yur bdy will assure yu f yur fitness gals.
F.If far beynd,it’ll take lnger t adapt and may cause injury.
G.We generally assume regular intense exercise gd fr ur health.
答案與解析
【語篇導(dǎo)讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了過度訓(xùn)練的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。
16.G 根據(jù)下文“But the truth is,smetimes the very acts we d t get healthy can actually push us past ur physical limits.”可知,設(shè)空處與下文為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系,說明人們關(guān)于高強(qiáng)度運(yùn)動對健康的一般看法。故G項(xiàng)切題。
17.C 根據(jù)上文“Specifically,vertraining is a set yur next wrkut.”以及下文“Peple tend t ignre them.”可知,跡象出現(xiàn)的較為緩慢。故C項(xiàng)切題。
18.F 根據(jù)上文“If yur wrkut slightly ges beynd yur current ability,it will adapt tward what yu did in a psitive way.”可知,選項(xiàng)承接上文,說明鍛煉嚴(yán)重超出你目前的能力會導(dǎo)致的結(jié)果。故F項(xiàng)切題。
19.B 根據(jù)下文“Yur bdy uses the nutrients yu have given it during the rest time,especially sleep,t strengthen.”可知,要給恢復(fù)留出時(shí)間。故B項(xiàng)切題。
20.A 根據(jù)上下文可知,心率很容易測量和追蹤。故A項(xiàng)切題。

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