第一節(jié) (共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)
閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。
A
4 Best Places t Travel in 2023
2023 is the year when travel returns in a big way. T get yu started, we’ve runded up sme f the best places t travel in 2023. All yu need t d is pick the place that appeals t yu.
Cpenhagen
With its fantastic huses, clean streets and clrful architecture, Cpenhagen is regarded as the mst livable city n the earth. Named the Wrld Capital f Architecture fr 2023, Cpenhagen will ffer a series f majr artistic events and prgrams sure t delight architects and design lvers.
Bhutan
Fr travelers with a sense f adventure and a lve f discvery, Bhutan has always been amust-g destinatin. In 2023, travelers can nce again explre the Trans Bhutan Trail, which runs 250 miles frm east t west, ffering visits t the century-ld cmmunities alng the jurney. The trail spans (橫跨)18 majr bridges and natinal parks and cnnects mre than 400 histric and cultural sites.
Brdeaux
The cming years will be sprty in the histrical wine regin f Brdeaux in France. In 2023, the city will hst the Rugby Wrld Cup, an intense and stressful game. Beynd sprts, Brdeaux is ne f the favrite histrical cities, with mre than 350 structures that are either natinally r reginally listed as histrical mnuments.
Namibia
Wildlife and adventure lvers lking fr a unique path in African Safari trips shuld head straight t Namibia in 2023 — this cuntry in suthern Africa is the perfect place t travel t recnnect with nature and escape the mdern stresses f life. On the wildlife frnt, yu may see lins alng with giraffes and elephants.
1. What is Cpenhagen well-knwn fr?
A. The natural landscape.B. The adventure travel.
C. Eye-catching architecture.D. Famus art designers.
2. What can yu visit n the Trans Bhutan Trail?
A. Mdern cmmunities.B. Cultural relics.
C. Histrical wine regins.D. Natinal mnuments.
3. Which place attracts thse wh want t be free frm stressful city life?
A. Cpenhagen.B. Bhutan.C. Brdeaux.D. Namibia.
【答案】1. C2. B3. D
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文，主要介紹了4個2023年最佳旅行地點：哥本哈根、不丹、波爾多、納米比亞，以及它們的特色。
【1題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一個小標(biāo)題 Cpenhagen 中的“With its fantastic huses, clean streets and clrful architecture, Cpenhagen is regarded as the mst livable city n the earth. (哥本哈根擁有夢幻般的房屋、干凈的街道和色彩繽紛的建筑，被認(rèn)為是地球上最宜居的城市)”可知，哥本哈根因其吸引人的建筑而聞名，故選C。
【2題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二個小標(biāo)題 Bhutan 中的“The trail spans (橫跨)18 majr bridges and natinal parks and cnnects mre than 400 histric and cultural sites.(這條步道橫跨18座主要橋梁和國家公園，連接了400多個歷史文化景點)”可知，在Trans Bhutan Trail上可以欣賞很多文化遺跡，故選B。
【3題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四個小標(biāo)題Namibia中的“this cuntry in suthern Africa is the perfect place t travel t recnnect with nature and escape the mdern stresses f life.(這個位于非洲南部的國家是重新接觸自然、逃離現(xiàn)代生活壓力的理想之地)”可知，Namibia是一個可以讓人親近自然，逃離城市生活帶來的壓力的地方，故選D。
B
Derek and Shirley walked ut f the airprt building and int the bright sunshine. Lking up at the brilliant blue sky and then at the faraway muntains rising abve the swaying palm trees, they culdn’t wait t start their hliday.
A taxi pulled up swiftly and silently. Derek drpped their suitcases int the bt and jined Shirley in the back seat. “Palm Trees Htel, please,” Derek said excitedly. “Certainly, sir,” replied the driver, as he turned arund with a flashing white smile. Derek and Shirley gave each ther a puzzled lk as the taxi eased smthly int the traffic. “Excuse me, er, yur face seems very familiar—in fact, yu remind us f that famus film star, Rcky Overtn... but f curse, yu can’t be.”
Derek and Shirley sat in silent disbelief as the driver explained that he was nt a real persn, but a rbt made t lk like a famus actr. “Rcky” explained that the taxi cmpany had purchased the latest mdel f rbt drivers since they were prgrammed t be safer and mre reliable than human drivers. “S, here I am,” “Rcky” cntinued, “yur first rbt taxi driver!”
Derek and Shirley held each ther’s hands mre lightly. “Relax,” “Rcky” reassured them, “there is nthing fr yu t wrry abut. I can assure yu that my driving skills are excellent. I’m equipped with perfect visin and superir reactins, and I knw every street in the city. I am instantly updated with the latest traffic infrmatin s that I can avid traffic jams and get yu t yur destinatin in the quickest and least stressful manner. Please sit back, relax and enjy the jurney.”
Derek and Shirley, feeling a little better, leaned back in their seats and clsed their eyes. “And anther thing,” “Rcky” added, “my line f rbts represents the ultimate (最高典范) in cmputer technlgy. I am beautifully designed, made frm nly the best materials and subject t the strictest quality checks. Therefre, yu are entirely safe with me. Nthing culd pssibly g wrng... culd pssibly g wrng, wrng… g wrng…”
4. Why did Derek and Shirley feel puzzled when they gt int the taxi?
A. Because the driver was a rbt.
B. Because the driver was Rcky Overtn.
C. Because the driver gave them a big smile.
D. Because the driver lked like a famus actr.
5What d we knw abut the taxi driver “Rcky”?
A. It has the perfect visin and superir reactins.
B. It is the first rbt taxi driver in the wrld.
C. It is instantly updated with the latest news.
D. It has never get stuck in traffic jams.
6. What des the underlined wrd “reassured” in paragraph 4 prbably mean?
A. Threatened.B. Persuaded.C. Surprised.D. Cmfrted.
7. What can we infer frm the last paragraph?
A. Rbt drivers are perfectly designed.
B. Rbt drivers are able t repeat the wrds.
C. Rbt drivers are nt s reliable as expected.
D. Rbt drivers are nt safer than human drivers.
【答案】4. D5. A6. D7. C
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。主要講述的是Derek和Shirley去度假，走出機(jī)場乘坐一輛機(jī)器人司機(jī)的出租車前往目的地的經(jīng)歷。
【4題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Derek and Shirley gave each ther a puzzled lk as the taxi eased smthly int the traffic. “Excuse me, er, yur face seems very familiar—in fact, yu remind us f that famus film star, Rcky Overtn... but f curse, yu can’t be.”(當(dāng)出租車平穩(wěn)地駛?cè)胲嚵鲿r，Derek 和 Shirley面面相覷。“不好意思，呃，你的臉看起來很眼熟——事實上，你讓我們想起了那個著名的電影明星Rcky Overtn……當(dāng)然，你不可能?！?”可知，Derek 和Shirley覺得這名出租車司機(jī)很熟悉，很像電影明星Rcky Overtn而感到很迷惑，由此可知，他們迷惑的原因是出租車司機(jī)看起來像著名的電影演員。故選D項。
【5題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中的“I’m equipped with perfect visin and superir reactins, and I knw every street in the city.(我擁有完美的視力和卓越的反應(yīng)能力，而且我熟悉這座城市的每一條街道。)”可知，機(jī)器人司機(jī)Rcky說它有著完美的視力和出色的反應(yīng)力。故選A項。
【6題詳解】
詞句猜測題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的“Derek and Shirley held each ther’s hands mre lightly. “Relax,”(德里克和雪莉更輕地握著彼此的手。“放松，”)”以及劃線單詞后的“there is nthing fr yu t wrry abut. I can assure yu that my driving skills are excellent.(你們不必?fù)?dān)心什么。我可以向你你們保證我的駕駛技術(shù)非常好。)”可知，當(dāng)機(jī)器人司機(jī)見到Derek和Shirley感到緊張的時候，讓他們放松，并說沒什么可擔(dān)憂的，并向他們兩個保證自己的駕駛技術(shù)是最出色的，由此可推斷，這是機(jī)器人司機(jī)在“安慰”Derek 和Shirley，所以該單詞的意思是“安慰”符合語境。故選D項。
【7題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)尾段中的“Nthing culd pssibly g wrng... culd pssibly g wrng, wrng… g wrng…(不可能出什么差錯……可能會出錯，出錯……出錯……)”可知，機(jī)器人司機(jī)在說著話的時候出現(xiàn)了問題，由此可以推斷，機(jī)器人司機(jī)并沒有如它所說的那么的可靠。故選C項。
C
Cetaceans(鯨目動物) cmmunicate thrugh sund t find fd and t interact scially. Their sunds vary between species and within cmmunities. The lng-finned pilt whales can mimic (模仿) artificial nise, but nbdy had previusly recrded them. A new study, hwever, fund verlap in the cetacean sund bk.
Pilt whales and rcas(虎鯨)，the tw largest species f cetaceans, are ften seen in the same envirnments and are similar sizes, and bth live in scial grups with strng unin, says Charltte Cure, a researcher at CEREMA Lab in France, wh was nt invlved in the study. Orcas cmpete fr fd with lng-finned pilt whales and are ptentially their predatrs.
Evidence frm rca stmachs shws they d ccasinally eat pilt whales. But pilt whales can mb(成群田住) and chase them away, the nly cetaceans seen defending themselves frm the strng enemies in this way.
Mimicry culd serve as additinal defense; “One assumptin is that if they use similar sunds, they may nt be recgnized as prey," Erbe says. Pilt whales eating rcas' fd remains might g unnticed if they use rca-like calls. “This is all underwater," she adds, “s these animals rely n sund fr detecting their prey and predatrs.”Lng-finned pilt whales have shwn an ability t distinguish between rca calls with different meanings; Cure suggests that instead f tricking rcas, the callers culd instead be presenting a new rca sund t ther grup members.
Additinal wrk wuld cnfirm whether mimicry is actually ccurring. Researchers culd pair their listening data with direct bservatins f the animals' interactins in the wild r perhaps even play rca sunds and watch the whales' reactins.
But if a future experiment used predatry sunds, it wuld need t be dne. very carefully.“A reactin t a predatr can be very strng," Cure says.“In sme prtected areas, yu are nt allwed t d mre than tw predatry playbacks per year."
8. Which f the fllwing is NOT shared by the pilt whales and rcas?
A. They cmmunicate thrugh sund.
B. They ften live in the same envirnments.
C. They can defend themselves thrugh mimicry.
D. They always live tgether with ther grup members.
9. What d we knw frm the furth paragraph?
A. The pilt whales mimic the sunds t detect their prey.
B. The pilt whales nly mimic ne kind f the sunds f the rcas.
C. The pilt whales can pretend t be rcas t share the fd remains.
D. The pilt whales can distinguish different meanings f rca calls t trick them.
10. Hw d the researchers cnfirm whether mimicry is actually ccurring?
A. By bserving the whales frm the distance.
B. By mimicking the sunds in the experiment.
C. By analyzing the data frm the cetacean sund bk.
D. By listening r playing the sunds and watching the whales' reactins.
11. Which can be a suitable title fr the text?
A. Pilt Whales: Cpy Orca CallsB. Hw Orcas Mimic Pilt Whale Calls
C. Hw Pilt Whales Defend ThemselvesD. Orcas and Pilt Whales: Predatrs and Prey
【答案】8. C9. C10. D11. A
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇說明文，主題語境是人與自然，講述長肢領(lǐng)航鯨擁有模仿虎鯨聲音的能力。
【8題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段可知，pilt whales可以模仿聲音，但并未提及rcas可以模仿聲音。A選項根據(jù)第一句話“Cetaceans(鯨目動物) cmmunicate thrugh sund t find fd and t interact scially.（鯨目動物通過聲音交流來尋找食物和社交。）”可以看出來；B選項根據(jù)第二段中的“ ften seen in the same envirnments（經(jīng)常在相同的環(huán)境中被看見）”可以看出來；D選項根據(jù)第二段中的“…live in scial grups with strng unin”(...他們都是群居動物)可以看出來。故選C。
【9題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中的“Pilt whales eating rcas' fd remains might g unnticed if they use rca-like calls.”（如果領(lǐng)航鯨使用類似虎鯨的聲音，那它們吃虎鯨的食物殘渣便不會被發(fā)現(xiàn)）”可知，領(lǐng)航鯨可以假裝是虎鯨來分享食物殘渣。故選C。
【10題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。通過倒數(shù)第二段“Researchers culd pair their listening data with direct bservatins f the animals' interactins in the wild r perhaps even play rca sunds and watch the whales' reactins.”（研究人員可以將他們聽覺的數(shù)據(jù)和直接觀察到的野生動物之間的互動進(jìn)行匹配，甚至可以播放虎鯨的聲音、觀察長肢領(lǐng)航鯨的反應(yīng)）可知，通過播放虎鯨的聲音來觀察領(lǐng)航鯨的反應(yīng)。故選D。
【11題詳解】
主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第一段“The lng-finned pilt whales can mimic artificial nise, but nbdy had previusly recrded them. A new study, hwever, fund verlap in the cetacean sund bk.（長鰭領(lǐng)航鯨可以模仿人工噪音，但之前沒有人對它們進(jìn)行過記錄。然而，一項新的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，鯨類動物的聲音書中有重疊部分。）”，可以得出本文是講述長肢領(lǐng)航鯨擁有模仿虎鯨聲音的能力。故選A。
D
Nearly 10 millin peple wrldwide live with Parkinsn’s disease. While Parkinsn’s is incurable, sme f its wrst symptms can be relieved and cntrlled using medicatins. A majr prblem f getting effective treatment at the right time is identifying the disease sn enugh, befre patients experience the symptms brught n by irreversible(不可逆轉(zhuǎn)的)neurn lss.
But scientists might have just the thing t change the situatin. And it invlves a nse. In a study published in the jurnal ACS Omega, researchers frm China’s Zhejiang University created an “e-nse, ”a prtable device that can detect bdy smells specific t Parkinsn’s patients.
It may cme as a surprise t learn Parkinsn’s patients have their wn smells. But after a retired nurse in Sctland made headlines in 2015 fr a heightened sense f smell that led t her wn husband’s Parkinsn’s diagnsis, scientists have been trying hard t create a device that culd smell the disease befre physical symptms start t shw.
Over the years, scientists have fund peple with Parkinsn’s tend t prduce mre sebum (皮脂)than the average persn. This sebum mixes with ther verprduced substances t prduce certain, unique smells.
T track dwn these smells, the Zhejiang University researchers swabbed(用拭子擦拭)the upper backs f 31 Parkinsn’s patients and 32 healthy vlunteers. Using machine-learning sftware, they were able t identify three smell cmpunds that healthy vlunteers lacked. The researchers then tested the e-nse n sebum taken frm 12 Parkinsn’s patients and 12 healthy peple. The device was fund t be abut 71 percent accurate in distinguishing healthy sebum frm Parkinsn’s sebum.
These are encuraging findings, but befre the e-nse is ready fr clinical use, the team needs t test it n many mre peple t imprve the accuracy f the mdels. They will als need t test whether factrs like race affect the e-nse’s perfrmance in any way. But fr nw, as the number f peple living with Parkinsn’s in the U. S. is expected t rise t 1.2 millin by 2030, a nse might be the best ptin t detect this disease.
12. What makes it difficult fr Parkinsn’s patients t get effective treatment?
A. Its medicatins are in shrt supply.
B. It invlves irreversible neurn lss.
C. Its early signs are nt easy t ntice.
D. It’s nt a curable disease medically.
13. What did the Scttish nurse find?
A. Her husband’s bdy gave ff a strange smell.
B. Her husband had a heightened sense f smell.
C. A smell caused her husband t suffer frm a disease.
D. A smell culd relieve her husband’s Parkinsn’s symptms.
14. What will the researchers d cncerning their inventin?
A. Put it int clinical use.
B. Cnduct a brader test.
C. Create mre lab mdels.
D. Expand its market utside the U. S.
15. What is the best title fr the text?
A. This e-nse can smell Parkinsn’s
B. Parkinsn’s patients prduce mre sebum
C. Peple living with Parkinsn’s are n the rise
D. Researchers have fund treatment fr Parkinsn’s
【答案】12. C13. A14. B15. A
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要講的是患有帕金森病的患者在獲得有效的救治之前往往很難發(fā)現(xiàn)早期的癥狀，針對于這個問題研究人員研發(fā)出了一種可以檢測出患者在身體癥狀出現(xiàn)之前的特有氣味的便攜式設(shè)備——“電子鼻”。
【12題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段“A majr prblem f getting effective treatment at the right time is identifying the disease sn enugh, befre patients experience the symptms brught n by irreversible(不可逆轉(zhuǎn)的)neurn lss.(在正確的時間獲得有效治療的一個主要問題是，在患者經(jīng)歷不可逆的神經(jīng)元損失帶來的癥狀之前，盡快確定疾病。)”可知只有盡快確定疾病，帕金森患者才能在正確的時間里得到有效的救治，所以可以推斷出早期癥狀的難以發(fā)現(xiàn)使帕金森患者得到有效救治變得困難。故選C項。
【13題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段“But after a retired nurse in Sctland made headlines in 2015 fr a heightened sense f smell that led t her wn husband’s Parkinsn’s diagnsis(但2015年，蘇格蘭一名退休護(hù)士因為她敏銳的嗅覺幫助其丈夫被診斷出帕金森病而上了頭條。)”可知這名蘇格蘭退休護(hù)士發(fā)現(xiàn)她丈夫的身體發(fā)出一種特殊的氣味。故選A項。
【14題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“These are encuraging findings, but befre the e-nse is ready fr clinical use, the team needs t test it n many mre peple t imprve the accuracy f the mdels. They will als need t test whether factrs like race affect the e-nse’s perfrmance in any way.(這些都是令人鼓舞的發(fā)現(xiàn)，但在電子鼻投入臨床使用之前，研究小組還需要在更多的人身上進(jìn)行測試，以提高模型的準(zhǔn)確性。他們還需要測試種族等因素是否會以任何方式影響電子鼻的性能。)”可知為了提高模型的準(zhǔn)確性，在電子鼻投入臨床使用之前，研究小組還需要進(jìn)行更廣泛的測試。故選B項。
【15題詳解】
主旨大意題。文章第一段主要講的是電子鼻出現(xiàn)的背景——帕金森病人在得到正確救治之前很難發(fā)現(xiàn)其癥狀，第二、三、四和五段主要圍繞著電子鼻的研發(fā)，測試及功效展開，最后一段“These are encuraging findings, but befre the e-nse is ready fr clinical use, the team needs t test it n many mre peple t imprve the accuracy f the mdels. They will als need t test whether factrs like race affect the e-nse’s perfrmance in any way. But fr nw, as the number f peple living with Parkinsn’s in the U. S. is expected t rise t 1. 2 millin by 2030, a nse might be the best ptin t detect this disease.(這些都是令人鼓舞的發(fā)現(xiàn)，但在電子鼻投入臨床使用之前，研究小組還需要在更多的人身上進(jìn)行測試，以提高模型的準(zhǔn)確性。他們還需要測試種族等因素是否會以任何方式影響電子鼻的性能。但目前，美國帕金森患者的數(shù)量預(yù)計將上升到120萬。到2030年，電子鼻可能是檢測這種疾病的最佳選擇。)”向我們展示了電子鼻的使用前景，對全文進(jìn)行總結(jié)?？v觀全文，文章都是在圍繞著一種能夠測出帕金森患者身上特有氣味的電子鼻展開，所以A項This e-nse can smell Parkinsn’s作為文章的標(biāo)題最為合適。故選A項。
第二節(jié) (共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)
閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。
Hw t Strengthen Yur Willpwer
Researchers find willpwer is like a muscle—it may get tired frm ver use. S, if it acts like a muscle, can it als be strengthened? The answer is YES. ____16____
1. Ten minutes f reflectin
Reflectin will give yu the fater results. ____17____ Researchers shw that after just 2—3 days f practicing thinking fr 10 minutes, yur brain will be able t fcus better, yu will have mre energy, and yu aill be less stressed.
2. Wrk n yur psture
Wrk n yur psture fr a 2-week perid. Every time yu catch yurself sluching(懶散) crrect it by sitting up straight. This simple practice can vastly imprve yur perseverance.
3. Use yur ppsite hand
Select a chunk(塊) f the day t use yur ppsite hand. ____18____ And frm persnal experience, if yu aim fr mre than an hur, yu will unnecessarily tire ut yur willpwer muscle.
4. Crrect yur speech
Change yur natural speech. ____19____ Again, it takes willpwer t cnsciusly g against yur instincts. It desn’t matter hw yu crrect yur speech, as lng as yu change natural speech habits.
T get started, select a chunk f the day t practice and chse the wrds yu will change. Persnally, I tried nt using cntractins during wrk hurs and it wrked very well.
Abve are sme effective ways t strengthen yur perseverance. D nt try t d all at nce. ____20____ Yu shuld start small and gradually build up as yur muscles get strnger.
A. Training yur willpwer muscle is like training fr a marathn.
B. This even includes resisting the urge t say “hell” instead f “hey”.
C. Yu will be mre mentally strng.
D. With the right practice willpwer can be strengthened.
E. It can make yur brain fcus and resist the urge t wander.
F. Be mre cnscius f yur autmic decisins.
G. It desn’t need t be mre than an hur in rder t get results.
【答案】16. D17. E18. G19. B20. A
【解析】
【分析】本文為介紹說明文。文章就“如何增強(qiáng)你的毅力”為讀者提供了一些建議和方法。
【16題詳解】
根據(jù)前文的S, if it acts like a muscle, can it als be strengthened? The answer is YES.可知，D項“如果加以訓(xùn)練，毅力也可以被加強(qiáng)”承接上文。故選D。
【17題詳解】
根據(jù)下文的yur brain will be able t fcus better與E選項中make yur brain fcus對應(yīng)，本段介紹沉思對鍛煉毅力所起的作用。故選E。
【18題詳解】
根據(jù)此處前后內(nèi)容都與時間有關(guān)，介紹每天使用相反的手的時間，G選項中的mre than an hur是關(guān)鍵詞組。故選G。
【19題詳解】
本段內(nèi)容是關(guān)于通過糾正語言來達(dá)到鍛煉毅力的目的，B選項的內(nèi)容恰好和語言有關(guān)。故選B。
【20題詳解】
最后一段中作者建議人們要循序漸進(jìn)地去鍛煉毅力，A選項內(nèi)容符合此處語境。故選A。
【名師點睛】
在做題時最重要的是要讀懂空白前后的句子，正確理解了這些句子后，根據(jù)意思的連貫性、邏輯性或者線索詞從選項中選取正確答案。在讀懂意思的基礎(chǔ)上，再利用線索特征詞等進(jìn)一步確認(rèn)答案。如本題中的第1小題，根據(jù)空前句子S, if it acts like a muscle, can it als be strengthened? The answer is YES. （那么，如果它像肌肉一樣，它也能被加強(qiáng)嗎？答案是肯定的）可知，此處應(yīng)是對毅力也可以加強(qiáng)的描述，再對比選項，D選項中的willpwer can be strengthened（毅力能被加強(qiáng)）與此處語境相符，由此可確定正確答案。
第三部分語言運用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)
第一節(jié) (共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)
閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。
This year, hundreds f peple arund the wrld are applying fr a desired jb t run Prt Lckry, the wrld’s mst remte pst ffice. The ____21____ is in Antarctica, and ne f the key ____22____ is the ability t cunt penguins(企鵝).
Each year, the UK Antarctic Heritage Trust ____23____ fur pstmen t live n the island frm Nvember t March. Apart frm being a nearly 80-year-ld British-wned pst ffice, it ____24____ as a museum. Althugh emplyees each have unique ____25____ , they are cperatively respnsible fr preserving the ____26____ place and caring fr the thusands f turists. The staff is als ____27____ envirnmental data cllectin and wildlife mnitring.
Applicants are warned there’s nt much time fr relaxatin and rest. Still, the jb is highly ____28____. The UK Antarctic Heritage Trust gets hundreds f applicatins ____29____ fr the psitin. They are mainly ____30____ t Prt Lckry, bth fr its histry and its scientific significance. Lucy Drman succeeded in applying fr the 2019-2020 seasn. It was a real ____31____ fr her. “Even thugh the jb can be hard at times, there’s a real sense f cmmunity. Yu’ve gt t ____32____ , because yu can’t get away frm each ther very easily. I really lve that srt f ____33____,” she said. “And what yu can achieve here is ____34____. The ttal experience ffers bth a different ____35____ twards the wrld and a new viewpint n yur functin n the planet. ”
21. A. centreB. psitinC. aimD. unit
22. A. requirementsB. characteristicsC. virtuesD. activities
23. A. persuadesB. instructsC. encuragesD. hires
24. A. existsB. transfrmsC. dublesD. develps
25A. tastesB. talentsC. rlesD. backgrunds
26. A. tempraryB. histricC. grandD. magical
27. A. in favr fB. in need fC. in pssessin fD. in charge f
28. A. paidB. sught-afterC. hard-wnD. respectable
29. A. annuallyB. weeklyC. mnthlyD. daily
30. A. invitedB. devtedC. relatedD. drawn
31. A. jyB. lessnC. effrtD. shck
32. A. get alngB. shw ffC. break thrughD. give in
33. A. lnelinessB. eagernessC. lsenessD. tgetherness
34. A. cnsistentB. rewardingC. ptentialD. pure
35. A. entranceB. answerC. attitudeD. intrductin
【答案】21. B22. A23. D24. C25. C26. B27. D28. B29. A30. D31. A32. A33. D34. B35. C
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。主要講述了位于南極洲的洛克雷港郵局的招聘吸引了很多人，在那里員工不僅要收集環(huán)境數(shù)據(jù)和監(jiān)測野生動物，還要負(fù)責(zé)數(shù)金鵝。
【21題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：該職位在南極洲，其中一個關(guān)鍵要求是能夠數(shù)企鵝。A. centre中心；B. psitin職位；C. aim目標(biāo)；D. unit單位。根據(jù)上文“This year, hundreds f peple arund the wrld are applying fr a desired jb t run Prt Lckry, the wrld’s mst remte pst ffice. (今年，世界各地有數(shù)百人正在申請一份理想的工作，以經(jīng)營世界上最偏遠(yuǎn)的郵局洛克羅伊港。)”可知，此處表示該職位在南極洲，故選B項。
【22題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：該職位在南極洲，其中一個關(guān)鍵要求是能夠數(shù)企鵝。A. requirements要求；B. characteristics特征；C. virtues美德；D. activities活動。根據(jù)空后“is the ability t cunt penguins(企鵝)”可知，此處表示其中一個關(guān)鍵的要求是能夠數(shù)企鵝。故選A項。
【23題詳解】
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：每年，英國南極遺產(chǎn)信托基金都會雇用四名郵遞員從11月到3月住在島上。A. persuades說服；B. instructs指示；C. encurages鼓勵；D. hires雇用。根據(jù)上文“applying fr a desired jb”和下文“emplyees”可知，此處表示聘用四名郵遞員，故選D項。
【24題詳解】
考查動詞詞辨析。句意：除了是一家擁有近80年歷史的英國郵局外，它還兼作博物館。A. exists存在；B. transfrms轉(zhuǎn)移；C. dubles雙倍；D. develps發(fā)展。前面提到洛克雷港是一個“pst ffice”，空后又提到“as a museum”，故此處表示該郵局兼作博物館。duble as表示“兼作”，故選C項。
【25題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：雖然每個員工都有獨特的角色，但他們合作負(fù)責(zé)保護(hù)歷史名勝和照顧成千上萬的游客。A. tastes品味；B. talents人才；C. rles職能，角色；D. backgrunds背景。根據(jù)下文“they are cperatively respnsible fr preserving the ____6____ place and caring fr the thusands f turists.”可知，此處表示員工各司其職，故選C項。
【26題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：雖然每個員工都有獨特的角色，但他們合作負(fù)責(zé)保護(hù)歷史名勝和照顧成千上萬的游客。A. temprary暫時的；B. histric歷史的；C. grand大的；D. magical魔法的。根據(jù)上文“a nearly 80-year-ld British-wned”和空前“preserving”可知，空處表示有歷史意義的地方。故選B項。
27題詳解】
考查固定短語詞義辨析。句意：工作人員還負(fù)責(zé)環(huán)境數(shù)據(jù)收集和野生動物監(jiān)測。A. in favr f贊成；B. in need f需要；C. in pssessin f占有；D. in charge f負(fù)責(zé)。根據(jù)空前的“als”可知，本空應(yīng)與前面的“respnsible fr”在含義上接近，故用in charge f表示“負(fù)責(zé)”，故選D項。
【28題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：盡管如此，它仍然還是很搶手。A. paid有償?shù)?；B. sught-after搶手的；C. hard-wn來之不易的；D. respectable受人尊敬的。根據(jù)前文“there’s nt much time fr relaxatin and rest”可知這份工作沒有多少時間休息和放松，再結(jié)合“Still(盡管如此)”可知，它仍然很搶手，故選B項。
【29題詳解】
考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：英國南極遺產(chǎn)信托基金每年收到數(shù)百份該職位的申請。A. annually每年；B. weekly每周；C. mnthly每月；D. daily每天。根據(jù)上文中的“This year, hundreds f peple-desired jb”和下文中的“the 2019-2020 seasn”可知，此處表示英國南極遺產(chǎn)信托基金每年都會收到大量申請該職位的信。故選A項。
【30題詳解】
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：他們主要被洛克羅伊港吸引，因為它的歷史和科學(xué)意義。A. invited邀請；B. devted投入；C. related相關(guān)；D. drawn吸引。根據(jù)空后“bth fr its histry and its scientific significance”可知，求職者們是被它的歷史和科學(xué)意義吸引。故選D項。
【31題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這對她來說是一種真正的快樂。A. jy喜悅；B. lessn教訓(xùn)；C. effrt努力；D. shck休克。根據(jù)前文“Lucy Drman succeeded in applying”可知該職位很搶手，但是Lucy Drman申請成功了，再結(jié)合下文中的“I really lve”可知，此處表示對她來說，獲得這個職位很讓她開心。故選A項。
【32題詳解】
考查固定短語詞義辨析。句意：你得與人和睦相處，因為你們不能輕易地離開對方。A. get alng相處；B. shw ff炫耀；C. break thrugh突破；D. give in屈服。根據(jù)前文“a real sense f cmmunity”和下文中的“yu can’t get away frm each ther very easily.”可知，此處表示你得與人和睦相處，故選A項。
【33題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：“我真的很喜歡那種團(tuán)結(jié)”，她說。A. lneliness孤獨；B. eagerness渴望；C. lseness松弛；D. tgetherness和睦相處。據(jù)前文“a real sense f cmmunity”和下文中的“yu can’t get away frm each ther very easily.”可知，此處表示Lucy Drman喜歡那種和睦相處，故選D項。
【34題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：你在這里能取得的成就是有益的。A. cnsistent持續(xù)的；B. rewarding有益的；C. ptential有潛力的；D. pure純粹的。根據(jù)空前的“what yu can achieve here”和下文中的“The ttal experience ffers. yur functin n the planet.”可知，此處表示你在這里獲得的東西很有益。故選B項。
【35題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：整體體驗既提供了對世界的不同看法，也提供了對您在地球上的功能的新觀點。A. entrance入口；B. answer回答；C. attitude看法；D. intrductin介紹。根據(jù)空前“ffers bth a different”及空后的“a new viewpint”可知，空處應(yīng)為與“a new viewpint”相對應(yīng)，，表示對世界的不同看法，故選C項。
第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分，滿分15分)
閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。
Climate change has caused a rise in sea levels. This has increased the amunt f salt in fresh water ____36____ (use) n castal farms. As ____37____ result, farmers are ____38____ (gradual) unable t use fields clse t the sea.
Hwever, Marc Van Rijsselberg, a farmer in the Netherlands is nw using a ____39____ (mix) f sea and fresh water ____40____ (grw) healthy and tasty vegetables.
He teamed up with scientists frm the Free University and divided a farm ____41____ eight irrigated areas. Separate pipes pumped fresh and sea water, and a cmputer prgram created water with eight levels f salinity(含鹽度).
The water levels and the levels f salinity were cntrlled by cmputerized measuring ____42____ (device) called “sensrs”. Mr. Van Rijsselberg said he was able t harvest vegetables frm mst f the eight testing areas. He said the vegetables ____43____ (be) smaller than thse grwn in fresh water. But he said they als had mre sugar and salt, s they tasted much ____44____ (gd).
He fund that ptates grew better than the ther vegetables in the cmbinatin f sea and fresh water. Mr. Van Rijsselberg said fur kinds f these ptates wuld be sent t Pakistan _____45_____ thusands f hectares f land were damaged by salinizatin last year.
【答案】36. used
37. a38. gradually
39. mixture
40. t grw
41. int42. devices
43. were44. better
45. where
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了氣候變化使海平面上升，對海岸附近的種植業(yè)產(chǎn)生了影響，但荷蘭的一位農(nóng)民利用海水和淡水的混合物種出了美味的蔬菜。
【36題詳解】
考查非謂語動詞。句意：這增加了沿海農(nóng)場使用的淡水含鹽量。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，已有謂語動詞has increased，空處需填非謂語動詞作定語，water和use之間為邏輯動賓關(guān)系，需填過去分詞形式。故填used。
【37題詳解】
考查冠詞。句意：因此，農(nóng)民們逐漸無法使用靠海的田地。as a result為固定短語，意為“因此，結(jié)果”。故填a。
【38題詳解】
考查副詞。句意同上?？仗幮揎梽釉~短語be unable t，需用副詞作狀語。故填gradually。
【39題詳解】
考查名詞。句意：然而，荷蘭農(nóng)民Marc Van Rijsselberg現(xiàn)在正在使用海水和淡水的混合物來種植健康美味的蔬菜。不定冠詞a修飾名詞，空處需填名詞mixture，a mixture f為固定短語，意為“……的混合物”。故填mixture。
40題詳解】
考查非謂語動詞。句意同上。use sth. t d sth.為固定搭配，表示“使用某物做某事”，空處需填動詞不定式。故填t grw。
【41題詳解】
考查介詞。句意：他與來自自由大學(xué)的科學(xué)家合作，將一個農(nóng)場分成八個灌溉區(qū)。divide…int…為固定搭配，表示“把……分成……”。故填int。
【42題詳解】
考查名詞。句意：水位和含鹽量是由稱為“傳感器”的計算機(jī)測量裝置控制的?？仗幮杼蠲~作賓語，device為可數(shù)名詞，此處表示泛指，且沒有冠詞限定，需用名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填devices。
【43題詳解】
考查動詞時態(tài)和主謂一致。句意：他說，這些蔬菜比在淡水中種植的蔬菜要小。said后面為省略了that的賓語從句，從句缺少謂語，根據(jù)said可知，從句使用一般過去時，主語為the vegetables，謂語動詞使用復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填were。
【44題詳解】
考查形容詞比較級。句意：但他說，它們也含有更多的糖和鹽，所以味道要好得多。tasted為系動詞，后面接形容詞作表語，much修飾形容詞比較級。故填better。
【45題詳解】
考查定語從句。句意：Van Rijsselberg先生說，四種土豆將被送往巴基斯坦，那里去年有數(shù)千公頃的土地因鹽堿化而受損?？仗幰龑?dǎo)定語從句，先行詞Pakistan在定語從句中作地點狀語，需用關(guān)系副詞where引導(dǎo)從句。故填where。
第四部分寫作(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)
第一節(jié)(滿分15分)
46. 假如你將來要開一家餐館或面包店，請你用英語簡單描述。要點：
1. 開店地點；
2. 目標(biāo)消費者；
3. 經(jīng)營方向及特色。
注意：
1. 詞數(shù)80左右；
2. 可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】I’ve always wanted t pen a dessert parlr since I was little, because I have a sweet tth, there’s nthing in the wrld I’d like mre than t eat sweets every day. S yu see, t run a small business like that wuld be a dream cme true fr me.
If it’s pssible, I wuld like t pen my shp as sn as I graduate frm cllege, and I prefer t d it in a freign cuntry, because I want t intrduce traditinal Chinese desserts t freign friends. We knw that Chinese cuisine is ppular all arund the glbe, but nt many peple knw abut Chinese pastry and stuff, s I guess it wuld be a gd pprtunity fr freigners t get t knw mre abut ur desserts. And n ffence, but in my persnal pinin, they are mre palatable than thse western deserts.
And the decratin in my parlr must be full f Chinese flavr as well. The main clr f the rm wuld be Chinese red, which brings passin.
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】本篇書面表達(dá)是一篇開放性作文。要求考生英語簡單描述自己將來要開一家餐館或面包店的情況。
【詳解】1.詞匯積累
想要做某事：want t d sth.→wuld like t d sth.
充滿：be full f→be filled with
在我看來：in my pinin→as far as I’m cncerned
了解：knw→understand
2.句式拓展
簡單句變復(fù)合句
原句：And the decratin in my parlr must be full f Chinese flavr as well.
拓展句：And the decratin in my parlr must be full f Chinese flavr as well, which is wnderful.
【點睛】[高分句型1]
If it’s pssible, I wuld like t pen my shp as sn as I graduate frm cllege, and I prefer t d it in a freign cuntry, because I want t intrduce traditinal Chinese desserts t freign friends.（運用了if引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句，because引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句）
[高分句型2]
The main clr f the rm wuld be Chinese red, which brings passin.（運用了which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句）
第二節(jié)(滿分25分)
47. 閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段,使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。
When Jackie came t his first pian lessn in his mther’s car, he was already 11 years ld. I preferred students begin at an earlier age, but wing t his insistence(堅持), I tk him as a student. As much as Jackie tried, he lacked the sense f tne and basic rhythm (節(jié)奏). At the end f each lessn, he’d say, “My mm’s ging t hear me play smeday.” But it seemed hpeless. I nly knew his mther frm a distance as she waited in her aged car, but never stepped in.
Then ne day Jackie stpped cming t ur lessns. I thught abut calling him but assumed, because f his lack f ability, that he had decided t quit. I als was glad that he stpped cming — he was a bad advertisement fr my teaching!
Several weeks later I mailed t the students’ hmes a letter n the upcming cncert. Surprisingly, Jackie received and asked me if he culd be in the cncert. I tld him that the cncert was nt fr drputs, but fr current pupils. He said that his mm had been sick and unable t take him t pian lessns but he was still practicing. I didn’t knw what led me t agree eventually.
The night fr the cncert came. The high schl gymnastics was packed with parents and friends. I put up Jackie last in the prgram. I thught that any damage he wuld d wuld cme at the end f the prgram and the negative effect wuld reduce t the minimum (最小值).
The cncert went ff smthly. Then Jackie came up n stage. His clthes were wrinkled (皺巴巴的) and his hair lked messy (凌亂的). “Why didn’t his mther at least make him cmb his hair fr this special night?” I thught.
注意：1. 續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右 2. 請按如下格式在相應(yīng)位置作答
Unexpectedly, Jackie chse Mzart’s Cncert 21 in C Majr.________
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
I held Jackie firmly in great jy, asking “Hw did yu d it?”________
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One pssible versin:
Unexpectedly, Jackie chse Mzart’s Cncert 21 in C Majr. Jackie pulled ut the pian bench and began his perfrmance. In fact, I was nt fully prepared fr what I heard next. His fingers were dancing n keys, which made me extremely shcked. Never had I heard Mzart played s well by peple f his age. After six and a half minutes, he ended up very well. Everyne at present was wild with great excitement and was n their feet, breaking int lud applause. After the perfrmance, he stepped ff the stage.
I held Jackie firmly in great jy, asking “Hw did yu d it?” “Well…remember I tld yu my mm was sick?” He explained, with tears rlling in her eyes, “In the past few mnths, she has always accmpanied and encuraged me. Actually she had cancer, with little chance t survive. Tday, I didn’t let her dwn.” After hearing his wrd, tears were welling up in my eyes. And at that mment, I realized it was he that taught me the true meaning f perseverance and lve.
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】本文以人物為線索展開，講述了作者接收了一個來學(xué)鋼琴的學(xué)生Jackie，雖然Jackie很努力，但是一直缺乏樂感，每次下課后他總是說：“我媽媽總有一天會聽到我演奏的”。但是他一直沒有進(jìn)展。有一天，Jackie沒有來上課，作者以為他放棄了，但是幾周之后，當(dāng)作者要舉辦音樂會時，Jackie來了，并懇求作者答應(yīng)讓他上臺表演。作者最終答應(yīng)了。音樂會那晚，作者看到Jackie后很擔(dān)心他把自己的音樂會搞砸了。
【詳解】1.段落續(xù)寫：
①由第一段首句內(nèi)容“出乎意料地，Jackie選擇了演奏Mzart’s Cncert C大調(diào)第21協(xié)奏曲?！笨芍?，第一段可描寫Jackie在舞臺上的表現(xiàn)，觀眾的反應(yīng)以及作者心情的變化。
②由第二段首句內(nèi)容“我開心地緊緊抓住Jackie，并問他：你是怎么做到的？”可知，第二段可描寫Jackie講述自己能做到的原因以及作者的感悟。
2.續(xù)寫線索：驚訝——擔(dān)心——開心——問原因——解釋——感悟
3.詞匯激活
行為類
①演奏：dancing n keys / played s well / marvelled at his excellent pian playing
②.眼含熱淚：tears rlling in his eyes / tears welling up
情緒類
①.驚訝的：shcked/astnished/amazed
②.興奮的：wild with great excitement / thrilled/breaking int lud applause
【點睛】[高分句型1]. His fingers were dancing n keys, which made me extremely shcked.（由連接詞which引導(dǎo)的定語從句）
[高分句型2]. Never had I heard Mzart played s well by peple f his age.（否定詞Never放句首，句子部分倒裝）
[高分句型3]. And at that mment, I realized it was he that taught me the true meaning f perseverance and lve.（強(qiáng)調(diào)句型）

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