
解密04 非謂語動詞的復(fù)習(xí)要點
【構(gòu)建知識體系】
【英語學(xué)科素養(yǎng)解讀】
【解密新高考真題】——預(yù)測高考命題方向
非謂語動詞高考解密
2025年命題解讀和近三年考點分布
【發(fā)現(xiàn)規(guī)律】由上表可知,非謂語動詞在高考中的考查重點是分詞和不定式。
1.(2022·新高考I卷)__________ (cver)an area abut three times the size f Yellwstne Natinal Park, the GPNP will be ne f the first natinal parks in the cuntry.
2.(2022·新高考I卷)The plan will extend prtectin t a significant number f areas that were previusly unprtected, bringing many f the existing prtected areas fr giant pandas under ne authrity ___________ (increase)effectiveness and reduce incnsistencies in management.
3.【2022·新高考全國Ⅱ卷】Henry Tyler made the catch f the year n the weekend. When he saw a yung child hanging frm a sixth-flr apartment balcny (陽臺), Henry ran ne hundred metres, jumped ver a 1.2-metre fence, and held ut his arms t catch the ______ (fall) child.
4.【2022·新高考全國Ⅱ卷】Eric wke up a little later when he heard children playing utside. He pushed a chair nt the balcny, and climbed up ______ (see) them.
5.(2022·全國甲卷)A visually-challenged man frm Beijing recently hiked (徒步) 40 days t Xi’an, as a first step ___________ (jurney) the Belt and Rad rute (路線) by ft.
6.(2022·全國甲卷)Inspired by the Belt and Rad Frum fr Internatinal Cperatin ___________ (hld) in Beijing, Ca decided t cver the rute by hiking as a tribute (致敬) t the ancient Silk Rad.
7.(2022·全國甲卷)He flew 4, 700 kilmeters frm Xi’an t Kashgar n Sept. 20, __________ (plan) t hike back t Xi’an in five mnths.
8.(2022·全國乙卷)__________ (strengthen)the cnnectin with yung peple, the event included a number f public prmtinal activities n scial media, __________ (invite) twenty-nine tea prfessinals frm arund the wrld t have thirty-six hurs f uninterrupted live bradcasts.
9.【2021年新高考全國Ⅱ卷】I was upset t learn that many sea animals eat plastic garbage, __________ (think)it is fd.
10.(2021年1月浙江高考)In 1985,urban men and wmen in mre than three quarters f the cuntries _________ (study) had higher BMIs than men and wmen in rural areas.
11.(2021年1月浙江高考)This may be due t sme disadvantages fr peple _______(live) in the cuntryside, including lwer levels f incme and educatin, higher csts f healthy fds, and fewer sprts facilities.
12.【2021·英語全國甲卷】 It is pssible _______ (walk) r bike the entire 14 kilmeters.
13.【2021·全國高考乙卷】Activities there range frm whale watching t hiking(遠足)and accmmdatins aim _______(have) a lw impact n the natural envirnment.
14.【2021·浙江卷6月】A lng- time neighbr said they never planted trees and nly kept a garden fr ne year. Mary's sister, Frances Tdd Wallace, ften came ver _________ (plant)flwers in the frnt yard.
15.【2021年新高考全國Ⅱ卷】I decided t d smething ________ (educate) peple abut this prblem. I held presentatins at schls t teach kids abut plastic waste. I wanted t reach businesses t.
16.【2021·英語全國甲卷】After _______ (spend) sme time lking at all the defensive equipment at the wall, we decided it was time fr sme actin and what better than t ride n a piece f histry!
17.【2021·全國高考乙卷】·Minimize the impact f ______(visit)the place.
18.(2020·新課標(biāo)I卷)Chinese researchers hpe t use the instruments nbard Chang’e-4 _____ (find) and study areas f the Suth Ple-Aitken basin.
19. (2020·新課標(biāo)II卷)They are easy _______ (care) fr and make great presents.
20. (2020·新課標(biāo)III卷)The next mrning he hired a bat and set ut ______ (find) the well-knwn painter.
21. (2020·浙江卷) Agriculture gave peple their first experience f the pwer f technlgy ______(change)lives.
22.(2020·新課標(biāo)II卷)They represent the earth __________ (cme) back t life and best wishes fr new beginnings.
23. (2020·新課標(biāo)II卷語法填空)They make great gifs and yu see them many times ________ (decrate) with red envelpes and messages f gd frtune.
24. (2020·新課標(biāo)III卷)And when he saw the mists rising frm the river and the sft cluds________ (surrund) the muntain tps, he was reduced t tears.
25.(2020·山東新高考) As well as lking at exhibits, visitrs can play with cmputer simulatins (模擬) and imagine themselves living at a different time in histry r _____(walk)thrugh a rainfrest.
【高考預(yù)測】
縱觀近幾年全國高考試題,預(yù)測2025年全國新高考試題還會
①文體以說明文、記敘文為主。
②上下文語境提示3-4個,單詞基本形式提示6-7個。
③側(cè)重對詞匯變形的考查。
【解密考場】——課堂講解突破關(guān)鍵能力
非謂語動詞
【做題實踐中找規(guī)律】
1.【2025·重慶市強基聯(lián)合體檢測】In June, the wrld’s biggest trial f a fur-day wrk week kicked ff in the UK. Mre than 3,300 wrkers, based thrughut the UK and ______(represent) mre than 30 sectrs f the UK ecnmy, began receiving 100% f the pay fr 80% f the time.
2.【2025·重慶市強基聯(lián)合體檢測】The campaign is aimed at enhancing emplyees’ willingness ______(adjust) the wrk-life balance and stimulating higher wrk efficiency.
3.【2025·湘豫名校聯(lián)考(二)】The extinctin f the Chinese Paddlefish (白鱘) and wild Yangtze Sturgen (鱘魚), ________ (declare) by the Internatinal Unin fr Cnservatin f Nature(IUCN), started a wave f cmments n China’s scial media platfrms recently urging mre envirnmental prtectin.
4.【2025·遼寧省葫蘆島市四校聯(lián)考】The Prcelain Capital, Jingdezhen in Jiangxi Prvince, which has been praised fr thusands f years, will be certain ________ (satisfy) yur appetite fr beauty.
5.【2025·河北省部分學(xué)校聯(lián)考】Shenzhen, a city that pineered refrm and pening-up in China, will allw fully autnmus vehicles ________ (run) n certain rads.
規(guī)律方法:規(guī)律方法:如何判斷空格處應(yīng)填非謂語動詞?
(1) 正確判斷非謂語動詞。句子按照結(jié)構(gòu)可分為三類,即簡單句、并列句和復(fù)合句。并列句和復(fù)合句都需要連詞來引導(dǎo),如果句子中出現(xiàn)了連詞,應(yīng)選謂語動詞形式;如果兩個結(jié)構(gòu)中未出現(xiàn)連詞,則考慮用非謂語動詞。
(2) 正確判斷非謂語動詞和邏輯主語之間的關(guān)系。
確定要選非謂語動詞之后,第二步要分析其邏輯主語。非謂語動詞雖不能作謂語,但仍具有動詞特點,其邏輯上的動作執(zhí)行者就叫作邏輯主語。判斷非謂語動詞與邏輯主語的關(guān)系是主動還是被動。非謂語動詞作狀語時,其邏輯主語須和句子的真正主語一致,找不到其邏輯主語時,整個句子或句子的主語就是非謂語動詞的邏輯主語。正確判斷非謂語動詞與其邏輯主語之間的關(guān)系是正確選擇非謂語動詞形式的保證,不管是作什么成分的非謂語動詞都具有以下特點:
①如果非謂語動詞與其邏輯主語之間是主謂關(guān)系,可用現(xiàn)在分詞;
②如果非謂語動詞與其邏輯主語之間是動賓關(guān)系,可用過去分詞。
(3)正確判斷非謂語動詞和謂語動詞發(fā)生的時間先后順序
非謂語動詞具備動詞的一些特點,也可以有動作發(fā)生的時間。對于謂語動詞,我們用時態(tài)來表示動詞發(fā)生的時間;對于非謂語動詞不能用時態(tài)來表示動作發(fā)生的時間。非謂語動詞所表示的時間是一個相對時間,即相對于謂語動詞的時間而言。同時也需要了解非謂語動詞的不同形式所指時間的含義。如t have dne,having dne表示該動作在謂語動詞的動作之前發(fā)生;t be ding,ding強調(diào)與謂語動詞的動作同時發(fā)生。
(4) 正確判斷是否使用不定式通常有以下依據(jù):
①出現(xiàn)頻率最高的是動詞不定式作目的狀語,判斷的方法:前面有一個動詞,后在跟一個動詞,很可能是不定式作目的狀語。
②不定式作結(jié)果狀語,表示意外的結(jié)果。通常是nly t d的形式。
③不定式作定語:the way t d sth;the chance t d sth; the pprtunity t d sth; the first_____ t
d sth
④不定式作賓語:常用的動詞want;like等
⑤不定式作賓補:ask sb t d sth;prefer sb t d sth等
(4) 正確判斷動名詞的方法:
①動名詞及短語作主語、賓語、表語;
②動名詞作定語表示用途和性質(zhì);
③介詞后用動名詞;
④有些動詞后接動名詞作賓語;
⑤形容詞性物主代詞、代詞賓格后可能是動名詞。
【變式精講】
【例1】【2025·河北省部分學(xué)校聯(lián)考】The new rule, ________ (schedule) t cme int frce n August 1, 2022, als clarified rules fr liability (責(zé)任) in car accidents that invlve autnmus driving, ________ (help) t fill the legal gap in China’s smart car industry.
【例2】【2025·重慶市月考】It is a________ (mve) stry between Zhng Jing, a dctr, and the villagers in Lnghe Village, Lngchang Twn, Qianxinan Buyei and Mis Autnmus Prefecture in Guizhu Prvince.
【例3】【2025·重慶市月考】She ften makes calls t sme with diseases such as high bld pressure. “I need t remind them ________ (cme) t have their bld pressure and bld sugar tested,” she says.
【例4】【2025·山西省臨汾市月考】As a sacred thing _______ (lve) by Chinese peple, the dragn is inclusive in all kinds f traditinal Chinese art, like sculpture, painting and embridery (刺繡).
【例5】【2025·山西省臨汾市月考】Chen Rng is a painter in the thirteenth century and gd at _________ (paint) varius dragns. Many ther painters, such as Ca Buxing and Zhang Zengya, are als famus fr their dragn paintings.
語法填空
有提示詞
1.動詞:時態(tài);語態(tài);非謂語動詞形式;詞形轉(zhuǎn)換
2.形容詞:形容詞和副詞相互轉(zhuǎn)換;比較級;最高級;反義詞;詞形轉(zhuǎn)換
3.名詞:名詞單復(fù)數(shù)變化及詞形轉(zhuǎn)換
4.代詞:人稱代詞的主格和賓格;形容詞性物主代詞;名詞性物主代詞;反身代詞
5.數(shù)詞:基數(shù)詞;序數(shù)詞;加后綴-teen或-ty等
無提示詞
1.連詞
(1)并列連詞but,and,r等
(2)從屬連詞what,that,when等
2.副詞:hwever,therefre,s……
3.代詞:it
4.冠詞:an,a,the
5.介詞及固定短語
6.情態(tài)動詞(考查的幾率較低)
新課標(biāo)
要求
命題解讀
2020高考評價體系的說明
《普通高中英語課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)》明確指出:高英語語法知識包括詞法知識和句法知識:詞法關(guān)注詞的形態(tài)變化,如名詞的數(shù)、格,動詞的時、態(tài)(體)等;句法關(guān)注句子結(jié)構(gòu),如句子的成分、語序、種類等。詞法和句法之間的關(guān)系非常緊密。在語言使用中,語法知識是“形式——意義——使用”的統(tǒng)一體,與語音、詞匯、語篇和語用知識緊密相連,直接影響語言理解和表達的準(zhǔn)確性和得體性。
高中階段英語語法知識的學(xué)習(xí)應(yīng)在更加豐富的語境中通過各種英語學(xué)習(xí)和實踐活動進一步鞏固和恰當(dāng)運用所學(xué)的語法知識,學(xué)會在語境中理解和運用新的語法知識,進一步發(fā)展英語語法意識。
語篇型語法填空則更側(cè)重考查考生語法和詞匯在語境中的運用,強調(diào)詞匯的變形。同時強調(diào)語篇分析能力,凸顯交際性和語境化特征。
《中國高考評價體系2020》
考查必備知識:詞法和句法知識;
關(guān)鍵能力:
在具體語境中,運用語法的能力,閱讀理解能力。
考點
題型
分詞
不定式
動名詞
語法填空
22
2022·新高考I卷Cvering2022·新高考全國Ⅱ卷falling2022·全國甲卷held;planning2022·全國乙卷inviting
2022·新高考I卷t increase2022·新高考全國Ⅱ卷t see2022·全國甲卷t jurney2022·全國乙卷t strengthen
無
21
2021年新高考全國Ⅱ卷thinking;2021年1月浙江高考studied;living
2021·英語全國甲卷t walk;2021·全國高考乙卷t have;2021·浙江卷6月t plant;2021年新高考全國Ⅱ卷t educate
2021·英語全國甲卷spending;2021·全國高考乙卷visiting
20
全國II cming 全國III surrunding全國II decrated
全國Ⅰ t find 全國II t care 全國III t find
無
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