規(guī)律1：段首設(shè)空——段落主題+承上啟下
策略1：把握形似, 確定語段標(biāo)題句
【典題示例】
· 37
Sme peple may think that a garden is n mre than plants, flwers, patterns and masses f clr. Others are cncerned abut using gardening methds that require less water and fewer fertilizers(肥料). 38 Still thers may simply enjy being utdrs and clse t plants. Hwever, there are a number f ther reasns that might explain why yu want t garden. One f them cmes frm ur earliest years.
·Recall(回憶)yur childhd memries
A. Knw why yu garden
B. Find a gd place fr yur wn garden
【思路分析】本題考查對段落小標(biāo)題的選擇。首先根據(jù)下文的另一個小標(biāo)題· Recall(回憶)yur childhd memries(祈使句), 可以將選擇范圍縮小到A項和B項之間, 再根據(jù)段落中的there are a number f ther reasns that might explain why yu want t garden. One f them cmes frm ur earliest years. 可以發(fā)現(xiàn)該段主要是分析從事園藝的原因, 故選 A 。
策略2：根據(jù)一致, 確定段落主題句
【典題示例】 (2021·全國乙卷·節(jié)選)
36 , if yu’re ut f yur cmfrt zne r if yu’re wandering int smebdy’s huse fr the first time. S the main thing is just t shw up and be adventurus, trying different fds and talking t strangers.
A. Hw d yu knw the hst
B. The first step is t g explring
C. If yu ask the questin “Hw did yu get here? ”
D. Be prepared t have awkward cnversatins with strangers
E. Or turn the cnversatin int a tpic where they have little t say
F. What abut that persn wh has had t much t drink r wn’t stp talking
G. He r she is the persn wh is feeling the weight f that awkwardness the mst
【思路分析】本題考查段落主題句。從本段中的“if yu’re ut f yur cmfrt zne r if yu’re wandering int smebdy’s huse fr the first time”, 及“be adventurus, trying different fds and talking t strangers”可知本段主要談?wù)摿俗叱隽俗约旱氖孢m區(qū), 或者第一次走進(jìn)別人的家里, 敢于冒險, 嘗試不同的食物, 和陌生人交談。選項“B. The first step is t g explring”符合語境。故選 B 。
策略3：瞻前顧后, 確定段落過渡句
【典題示例】 (2021·全國甲卷·節(jié)選)
Swap, Dn’t Shp!
Yu keep hearing abut recycling, right? But it desn’t end with bttles, cans, and paper. Clthing takes a huge amunt f natural resurces (資源) t make, and buying lads f new clthing (r thrwing ut ld clthing) is nt healthy fr the envirnment. S what t d with all thse perfectly-gd-but-yu’re-maybe-a-little-sick-f-them clthes piled n yur bedrm flr?
16 . It’s the best way t get rid f yur used clthes, scre clthes frm yur friends, and have a party all at the same time.
A. Less peple than that
B. Hld a clthing swap
C. If tw peple are cmpeting
D. Just keep music playing thrughut
E. Dnate whatever clthes are left ver
F. Have everyne put their clthes in the right spts
【思路分析】本題考查段落過渡句。本題前段尾句問“那么, 該如何處理那些堆在臥室地板上的雖完好但可能有點厭倦的衣服呢? ”, 后句提到“這是扔掉舊衣服、從朋友那里得到衣服并同時開派對的最好方法”, B選項“進(jìn)行衣物交換”是對前句的回答, 同時引起下文, 故選 B 。
規(guī)律2：段中設(shè)空——“七種關(guān)系”助力解題
通?？疾榕c前后句子之間的邏輯關(guān)系和上下文的銜接?？疾橐c有: 總分關(guān)系、解釋關(guān)系、例證關(guān)系、轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系、因果關(guān)系、遞進(jìn)關(guān)系和并列關(guān)系。有時會出現(xiàn)下列銜接詞匯或短語結(jié)構(gòu): first, secnd, then, next, later, sn, s, but, hwever, additinally, what’s mre, that is, namely, in ther wrds, fr ne thing. . . fr anther等, 這些詞匯和短語結(jié)構(gòu)在文章中起到提示邏輯關(guān)系的作用, 是解題時需要重點關(guān)注的部分。
策略1：根據(jù)總分關(guān)系確定答案
【典題示例】
The friends wh intrduced me t camping thught that it meant t be a pineer. 37 We slept in a tent, cked ver an pen fire, and walked a lng distance t take the shwer and use the bathrm. This brief visit with Mther Nature cst me tw days ff frm wrk, recvering frm a bad case f sunburn and the dctr’s bill fr my sn’s fd pisning.
C. The trip they tk me n was a rugh ne.
F. After the trip, my family became interested in camping.
【思路分析】本題考查總分關(guān)系。根據(jù)下文的描述“我們睡在帳篷里、在篝火上做飯、走很遠(yuǎn)的路去洗澡和上廁所”可知, 這次野營比較艱難, 設(shè)空處是總體評價, 后面是詳細(xì)描述。故選 C 。
策略2：根據(jù)解釋關(guān)系確定答案
【典題示例】 (2021·新高考Ⅰ卷·節(jié)選)
In France, quality f life is much mre imprtant than efficiency (效率). Yu can tell this by cafés life. French cafés are always crwded. 40 When d these peple wrk? The French take their 35-hur wrkweek seriusly — s seriusly that sme labr unins recently struck a deal with a grup f cmpanies limiting the number f hurs that independent cntractrs can be n call.
A. Nt all the custmers are turists.
B. The quality f life in France is equally excellent.
C. There was a nice kitchen and a cmfrtable bed.
D. The amazing fd is mainly cnsumed by lcal farmers.
E. That’s nt the nly reasn the French eat less than we d.
F. Our aim was t see if we culd live, in sme way, like real Parisians.
G. The fd is s delicius that yu dn’t need much f it t make yu happy.
【思路分析】本題考查解釋關(guān)系。設(shè)空前介紹法國咖啡廳常常很擁擠, 設(shè)空處“并非所有的顧客都是游客”符合語境, 空后通過設(shè)問“這些人什么時候工作呢? ”, 用回答該問題的方式來解釋為什么當(dāng)?shù)厝擞袝r間享受咖啡館生活。故選 A 。
策略3：根據(jù)例證關(guān)系確定答案
【典題示例】 (2021·新高考Ⅰ卷·節(jié)選)
The place wasn’t entirely authentic, thugh. Unlike a nrmal Parisian apartment, the plumbing (水管) wrked. 37 Our building even had a tiny lift with a female vice that said, “Ouverture des prtes, ” in perfect French. That is the nly French phrase I mastered, and it’s a shame I dn’t have much use fr it.
A. Nt all the custmers are turists.
B. The quality f life in France is equally excellent.
C. There was a nice kitchen and a cmfrtable bed.
D. The amazing fd is mainly cnsumed by lcal farmers.
E. That’s nt the nly reasn the French eat less than we d.
F. Our aim was t see if we culd live, in sme way, like real Parisians.
G. The fd is s delicius that yu dn’t need much f it t make yu happy.
【思路分析】本題考查例證關(guān)系。本段句首提出觀點: “可是, 這個地方并不完全像地道的巴黎”, 接下來要舉例說明, 再結(jié)合空前一句講的是“管道正常工作”, 空后一句講的是“甚至還有小電梯”, 本句內(nèi)容應(yīng)該涉及房子的好處“公寓里有不錯的廚房和舒適的床”, 故選 C 。
策略4：根據(jù)轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系確定答案
表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系的連接詞有: but但是, hwever/whereas然而, nevertheless仍然, 然而, 不過, nnetheless盡管如此, 依然, 然而, still還; 然而, thugh可是, 不過, 然而, yet然而, in spite f不顧, 不管, at any rate無論如何, 至少, in any case無論如何, 不管怎樣, whever無論是誰, whatever無論什么, n the cntrary正相反, in cntrast與此相反, 相比之下, by cntrast相反, 相比之下, in cmparisn比較起來, 比較地, by cmparisn相比之下, cnversely相反(地), therwise否則; 除此以外, nt. . . but不是……而是, as well也等。
【典題示例】 (2021·浙江高考·節(jié)選)
“I ften send pstcards t family and friends. ” he says t China Daily, “but yu can imagine that after a while, yu never receive as many as yu send, and yu realize that nt everyne is int it. 32 ”Seeking ther like-minded suls, hwever, Paul started lking in a smewhat unlikely place: nline. Many wuld say the Internet is a place fr peple wh have given up n the traditinal pstal service, but Paul’s hunch (直覺)paid ff.
A. And that’s ttally fine.
B. That makes it extra hard t learn and practice it.
C. He likes t think f sending pstcards as a family-friendly hbby.
D. Many lve t make a cnnectin with smene frm acrss the wrld.
E. On August 5, the number f pstcards exchanged by members tpped 31 millin.
F. Similarly, if yu speak nly Chinese, receiving a card in Swedish takes part f the fun away.
G. In shrt, he lves pstcards, and the excitement f getting a hand-written nte frm smene far away.
【思路分析】本題考查轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。設(shè)空處前一句的句意為“過了一段時間你會發(fā)現(xiàn)自己收到的明信片沒有發(fā)出去的多”。設(shè)空處后一句的句意為“然而, Paul沒有放棄自己的愛好, 而是采取了網(wǎng)絡(luò)的方式”根據(jù)邏輯判斷, 設(shè)空處應(yīng)與其前一句構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系, 意為“那完全不成問題”。故選 A 。
策略5：根據(jù)因果關(guān)系確定答案
表示因果關(guān)系的連詞有as a result/cnsequently結(jié)果, thus/therefre因此, s (such). . . that. . . 如此……以至于……等。
【典題示例】 (2021·新高考Ⅰ卷·節(jié)選)
My husband and I just spent a week in Paris. 36 S the first thing we did was rent a fantastically expensive sixth-flr apartment the size f a cupbard. It was s tiny that we had t leave ur suitcases in the hallway.
A. Nt all the custmers are turists.
B. The quality f life in France is equally excellent.
C. There was a nice kitchen and a cmfrtable bed.
D. The amazing fd is mainly cnsumed by lcal farmers.
E. That’s nt the nly reasn the French eat less than we d.
F. Our aim was t see if we culd live, in sme way, like real Parisians.
G. The fd is s delicius that yu dn’t need much f it t make yu happy.
【思路分析】本題考查因果關(guān)系。根據(jù)空后的句子中的S可知, 該句與設(shè)空處是因果關(guān)系。F項“我們的目的是想看看我們能否像真正的巴黎人一樣生活”是作者和她丈夫在巴黎租住公寓的原因。故選 F 。
策略6：根據(jù)遞進(jìn)關(guān)系確定答案
表示遞進(jìn)關(guān)系的連詞有: als也, 而且, further另外(地), furthermre而且, 此外, likewise同樣地, 照樣地; 也, 又, similarly相似地, 類似地, mrever而且, 再者, 此外, in additin另外, 加之, what’s mre更重要的是, t也, 還, either也, neither兩者都不, nt nly. . . but als不但……而且等。
【典題示例】 (2021·浙江高考·節(jié)選)
Language is certainly a barrier fr many peple. Fr pstcrssing t wrk wrldwide, a cmmn cmmunicatin language is needed s that everyne can understand each ther. As cl as it may be t receive a pstcard written in Chinese, the cncept desn’t wrk if ne desn’t understand it. 34 S a cmmn language is required and in pstcrssing that’s English since it’s widely spken.
A. And that’s ttally fine.
B. That makes it extra hard t learn and practice it.
C. He likes t think f sending pstcards as a family-friendly hbby.
D. Many lve t make a cnnectin with smene frm acrss the wrld.
E. On August 5, the number f pstcards exchanged by members tpped 31 millin.
F. Similarly, if yu speak nly Chinese, receiving a card in Swedish takes part f the fun away.
G. In shrt, he lves pstcards, and the excitement f getting a hand-written nte frm smene far away.
【思路分析】本題考查遞進(jìn)關(guān)系。As cl as it may be t receive a pstcard written in Chinese, the cncept desn’t wrk if ne desn’t understand it. “雖然收到一張漢語卡片很酷, 但如果你不懂漢語, 你就看不懂意思”, 而F項Similarly, if yu speak nly Chinese, receiving a card in Swedish takes part f the fun away. “同樣, 如果你只會說中文, 收到一張瑞典語的卡片也會讓你失去一部分樂趣”與前句構(gòu)成遞進(jìn)關(guān)系。故選 F 。
策略7：根據(jù)并列關(guān)系確定答案
【典題示例】 (2021·全國乙卷·節(jié)選)
38 What abut that persn wh has had t much t drink r wn’t stp talking? If yu can’t take their wine away, yu shuld certainly try t take away their sapbx (講臺). If yu’re the hst, yu can ask them t help yu in the kitchen with smething and just remve them frm the situatin. 39 .
A. Hw d yu knw the hst
B. The first step is t g explring
C. If yu ask the questin “Hw did yu get here? ”
D. Be prepared t have awkward cnversatins with strangers
E. Or turn the cnversatin int a tpic where they have little t say
F. What abut that persn wh has had t much t drink r wn’t stp talking
G. He r she is the persn wh is feeling the weight f that awkwardness the mst
【思路分析】本題考查并列關(guān)系?？仗幣c空格前的“If yu’re the hst, yu can ask them t help yu in the kitchen with smething and just remve them frm the situatin. ”構(gòu)成并列句中的選擇關(guān)系, 并與首句中“wn’t stp talking”呼應(yīng), 故E項(或者把談話變成一個他們無話可說的話題)符合語境。故選 E 。
規(guī)律3：段尾設(shè)空——“總結(jié)概括”+“過渡銜接”
策略1：利用主題句或總結(jié)句確定答案
【典題示例】 (2021·浙江高考·節(jié)選)
Yu’ve gt mail. . . and it’s a pstcard
Paul Magalhaes, a 34-year-ld Prtuguese cmputer engineer, lves t pen his mailbx and find a brightly clred picture f Rme’s Clsseum. Or Africa’s Victria Falls. Or China’s Great Wall. 31
A. And that’s ttally fine.
B. That makes it extra hard t learn and practice it.
C. He likes t think f sending pstcards as a family-friendly hbby.
D. Many lve t make a cnnectin with smene frm acrss the wrld.
E. On August 5, the number f pstcards exchanged by members tpped 31 millin.
F. Similarly, if yu speak nly Chinese, receiving a card in Swedish takes part f the fun away.
G. In shrt, he lves pstcards, and the excitement f getting a hand-written nte frm smene far away.
【思路分析】本題考查段落總結(jié)句。前面提到Paul Magalhaes 喜歡世界各地明信片的內(nèi)容“羅馬圓形大劇場的彩色圖片, 或者是非洲維多利亞瀑布, 或者是中國的長城”, 設(shè)空處對上文進(jìn)行總結(jié)“總之, 他喜歡明信片……”。故選 G 。
策略2：利用段落過渡句確定答案
【典題示例】
If anyne had tld me three years ag that I wuld be spending mst f my weekends camping, I wuld have laughed heartily. Campers, in my eyes, were peple wh enjyed insect bites, ill-cked meals, and uncmfrtable sleeping bags. They had nthing in cmmn with me. 36
The friends wh intrduced me t camping thught that it meant t be a pineer. The trip they tk me n was a rugh ne. We slept in a tent, cked ver an pen fire, and walked a lng distance t take the shwer and use the bathrm. This brief visit with Mther Nature cst me tw days ff frm wrk, recvering frm a bad case f sunburn and the dctr’s bill fr my sn’s fd pisning.
D. I was t learn a lt abut camping since then, hwever.
E. I must say that I have certainly cme t enjy camping.
【思路分析】本題考查段落過渡句。文章首段是說“如果三年前有人告訴我以后大部分的周末時間都會露營, 我會放聲大笑?！倍O(shè)空處后面講的是“介紹我去露營的朋友們認(rèn)為這注定是一次具有開創(chuàng)性的露營。”兩段內(nèi)容上有轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系, 所以要填一個承上啟下的過渡句“然而, 自從那時以來我學(xué)到了很多有關(guān)露營的知識?！惫蔬x D 。
策略3：利用補充信息句確定答案
【典題示例】
●Dn’t share persnal infrmatin r stries. Prfessrs are nt trained nurses, financial aid experts r yur best friends. If yu are in need f a deadline extensin, simply explain the situatin t the prfessr. 39 .
B. Turn t an nline instructr fr help.
C. If mre infrmatin is needed, they will ask.
【思路分析】本題考查補充信息句。本段主要講的是: 不要把個人信息和經(jīng)歷告訴教授, 如果你需要延長最后期限, 只需要向教授解釋處境即可。最后應(yīng)該補充說明: 如果需要了解更多信息, 他們會詢問的。故選 C 。
規(guī)律4：詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)法——破解語篇銜接難題
策略1：原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)法
【典題示例】 (2021·全國乙卷·節(jié)選)
And what abut that ther dinner-party killer: awkward silence? If yu’re faced with an awkward silence at a dinner party, the nly thing that always gets everyne talking again is t give the hst a cmpliment (贊揚). 40 . Just quickly turn arund and say, “This cake is extremely delicius and yu have t tell me all abut it. ”
A. Hw d yu knw the hst
B. The first step is t g explring
C. If yu ask the questin “Hw did yu get here? ”
D. Be prepared t have awkward cnversatins with strangers
E. Or turn the cnversatin int a tpic where they have little t say
F. What abut that persn wh has had t much t drink r wn’t stp talking
G. He r she is the persn wh is feeling the weight f that awkwardness the mst
【思路分析】本題考查原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)。根據(jù)段落主題句可知, 本段主要講面對“ther dinner-party killer: awkward silence(宴會殺手: 尷尬的沉默)”我們該怎么辦。由“the nly thing that always gets everyne talking again is t give the hst a cmpliment”和G選項“He r she is the persn wh is feeling the weight f that awkwardness the mst(他或她是最能感受到這種尷尬的人)”中的“He r she(指代hst)”及“awkwardness(原詞復(fù)現(xiàn))”可知G項符合語境。故選 G 。
策略2：代詞復(fù)現(xiàn)法
it可指代單數(shù)名詞、不可數(shù)名詞或整個句子; they或them指代復(fù)數(shù)名詞; ne指代單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞; that指代不可數(shù)名詞或句子; this指代單數(shù)名詞或句子; these或thse指代前句的復(fù)數(shù)名詞。還有反身代詞、指示代詞、關(guān)系代詞等。
【典題示例】 (2021·全國乙卷·節(jié)選)
Peple lve t talk abut themselves. If yu can start the cnversatin with a questin ther than “What d yu d fr a living? ”, yu’ll be able t get a lt mre interesting cnversatin ut f whmever it is yu’re talking t. 37 , it can bring in “I have this ld, brken-dwn vehicle” r “I rde the bus with these crazy peple wh were laughing at silly jkes in the back. ” It just pens up cnversatin.
A. Hw d yu knw the hst
B. The first step is t g explring
C. If yu ask the questin “Hw did yu get here? ”
D. Be prepared t have awkward cnversatins with strangers
E. Or turn the cnversatin int a tpic where they have little t say
F. What abut that persn wh has had t much t drink r wn’t stp talking
G. He r she is the persn wh is feeling the weight f that awkwardness the mst
【思路分析】本題考查代詞復(fù)現(xiàn)。從此空后的標(biāo)點符號可推知此空應(yīng)該填入一個從句。再根據(jù)后面句子it can bring in “I have this ld, brken-dwn vehicle” r “I rde the bus with these crazy peple wh were laughing at silly jkes in the back. ” (它可以帶來“我有一輛舊的, 壞了的車”或者“我和這些瘋狂的人一起坐在公共汽車上, 他們在后面笑著愚蠢的笑話”的回答)中的it代指前面提出的問題, 可知C. If yu ask the questin “Hw did yu get here? ”(如果你問“你怎么來的? ”)符合語境。故選 C 。
策略3：派生復(fù)現(xiàn)法
【典題示例】
40 While the sun’s rays can age and harm ur skin, they als give us beneficial Vitamin D. T make sure yu get enugh Vitamin D — but still prtect yur skin — put n sunscreen right as yu head utside. It takes sunscreen abut fifteen minutes t start wrking, and that’s plenty f time fr yur skin t absrb a day’s wrth f Vitamin D.
A. Fresh air cleans ur lungs.
B. S what are yu waiting fr?
C. Being in nature refreshes us.
D. Anther side benefit f getting fresh air is sunlight.
E. But is fresh air really as gd fr yu as yur mther always said?
F. Just as imprtantly, we tend t assciate fresh air with health care.
G. All acrss the cuntry, recvery centers have begun building Healing Gardens.
【思路分析】本題考查派生復(fù)現(xiàn)。下文中的“beneficial”與 D 項中的“benefit”屬于同根詞, 屬于派生詞重復(fù)信息。
策略4：同義復(fù)現(xiàn)法
【典題示例】 (2021·新高考Ⅰ卷·節(jié)選)
Parisians are different frm yu and me. They never lk lazy r untidy. As smene nted in this paper a cuple f weeks ag, they eat great fd and never gain weight. 38 French strawberries d nt taste like cardbard. Instead, they explde in yur muth like little flavr bmbs.
A. Nt all the custmers are turists.
B. The quality f life in France is equally excellent.
C. There was a nice kitchen and a cmfrtable bed.
D. The amazing fd is mainly cnsumed by lcal farmers.
E. That’s nt the nly reasn the French eat less than we d.
F. Our aim was t see if we culd live, in sme way, like real Parisians.
G. The fd is s delicius that yu dn’t need much f it t make yu happy.
【思路分析】本題考查同義復(fù)現(xiàn)。G項中的delicius與設(shè)空前的great形成同義詞復(fù)現(xiàn)關(guān)系, 而且空后又具體例證了巴黎人吃的食物很美味。故選 G 。
策略5：反義復(fù)現(xiàn)法
【典題示例】 (2021·全國甲卷·節(jié)選)
·Invite 5—10 peple s yu have a nice selectin. 17 , and there may nt be enugh things t chse frm; mre than that, and it becmes uncntrllable.
A. Less peple than that
B. Hld a clthing swap
C. If tw peple are cmpeting
D. Just keep music playing thrughut
E. Dnate whatever clthes are left ver
F. Have everyne put their clthes in the right spts
G. Tell everyne t bring clean clthes in gd cnditin
【思路分析】 本題考查反義復(fù)現(xiàn)。本題要求選擇一個半句, 與下文的“mre than that. . . ”形成對比, 要有l(wèi)ess than that, less與mre構(gòu)成反義詞, 句意: 人比這少, 可能沒有足夠的東西可供選擇; 人比這多, 它變得無法控制。其中, 選項A中的that指代前文的5—10 peple, 故選 A 。
名校資源學(xué)練
1
Let us lk at what makes an effective persuasive speech.
Chse a gd tpic.
First, yu shuld chse a tpic yu knw smething abut r have researched well t prepare fr yur speech. Make sure it is a subject abut which peple have different pinins. 1
It is als best t chse a subject yur listeners care abut r can act n. 2 Yu can expect that they care abut hw the twn appears, r that they can change their actins. S, giving a speech abut why littering harms yur twn’s appearance might persuade peple wh d it t stp.
3
Yu shuld cnsider yur listeners as yu plan yur speech. What d they value? Thinking f the things yur listeners value will help yu frm arguments in yur speech. If yu want them t stp eating unhealthy fds, fr example, yu may appeal t the value f their appearance. Yu will talk abut hw healthy fds result in gd-lking skin and an attractive bdy.
Prepare yur argument.
4 We use Greek wrds t describe them because the ancient Greeks develped and appealed t these ideas. They are:
Eths—appeal t the listeners’ ethics r mrals.
Paths—appeal t the listeners’ emtins.
Lgs—appeal t the listeners’ lgic r intelligence.
Organize yur speech.
Yu shuld make an utline f yur speech. Start with an attentin-getting statement. Then explain yur main idea and give evidence t supprt yur argument. List the pints yu want t make and think f hw t answer arguments against yur psitin.
Finish with a call t actin—what d yu want yur listeners t d? 5 D nt plan t read the speech wrd-fr-wrd frm a paper.
A. Knw yur audience.
B. Make the theme clear.
C. What will yu d if yu fail?
D. D yu see peple in yur twn littering?
E. It wuld nt be lgical t speak abut a fact recgnized by everybdy.
F. There are three cmmn ways t persuade peple f yur way f thinking.
G. Finally, practice at hme until yu need nly a nte card with yur main pints n it when yu give the speech.
2
Have yu imagined making an attractive garden which will be the reasn fr yur neighbrs’ envy?
6 But nt every ne f them has the talent fr making it happen. Hwever, if there’s ne thing they DO knw, it’s hw t make a simple cup f tea. As fr the used teabags, mst f them find they’re n the landfill site, but n lnger! Yur used teabag can wrk wnders in yur garden by yur simply burying it. 7 Cntinue t read what it des.
If yu have ever tried t grw sme seedlings (幼苗), then yu knw that this can be quite challenging. Nt all seeds can grw int seedlings, even thugh yu have tried s hard. But dn’t wrry. Here is gd news. 8 And what yu need just invlves a used teabag.
By burying a teabag in yur garden, yu will prvide nutritin t the sil, ffering necessary fd t the plants. In this way, yur plants will be healthier and grw quicker. This is because tea wrks as a natural fertilizer (肥料) fr the sil. The teabag itself is usually made frm fibres frm the abaca plant, which is a type f banana plant. The bag breaks dwn with its cntents. 9
If yu bury a teabag clse t the rts f yur plants, it will help stre water in the sil. If there’s ne thing imprtant fr plants, it’s water! What’s mre, weeds are nt wanted in yur garden. 10 By burying a used teabag in the earth, yu’ll make it a lt harder fr the weeds t grw alngside yur healthy plants.
A. A teabag is a great answer.
B. It des wrk thugh it sunds strange.
C. Making a beautiful garden requires effrts.
D. A beautiful garden is smething mst peple enjy.
E. There is ne way t help yur seedlings grw better.
F. A simple teabag is likely t d wnders fr yur seeds.
G. That will create a healthy envirnment fr plants t grw in.
3
（2023·四川巴中·統(tǒng)考一模）Friendship is a practice f uncnditinal lve, an pprtunity t grw tgether twards fulfillment (成就), and a jurney t unfld the mst precius capacities f a human being. 11 Here 4 key pints t develp and sustain a true friendship.
12 Many times we blame the ther persn fr what we feel, withut realizing that we are presenting the bad pwer t him/her. This is nt, hwever, smething we must be afraid f r we shuld avid. When we create a bnd f affectin with anther human being, we are autmatically vulnerable t the actins that are prduced by this persn. Being aware f that, we wuld be better ff if we take respnsibility and accept the emtins that cme up in ur inner wrld instead f blaming the ther fr what we are feeling.
Prvide supprt and encuragement. Friendships aren’t all fun and games — they d require yu put in sme wrk. Say they’ve just quarreled with their parents r failed an exam. It’s yur jb t be there fr them and prvide them with whatever they need, starting with supprt and cmfrt. 13
Whatever the case, make it apparent that yu’re rting fr them.
Seek the gd f the ther persn. When we lve anther persn, we seek the gd f the ther because we gladden their wn happiness. Therefre, ur seeking fr the ther persn’s gd is ttally disinterested. We serve the ther withut expecting anything in return. 14
Accept the differences. 15 . Friendship welcmes differences and integrates them int a level f unin that accepts and ges beynd them. Friendship invlves recgnizing that the value f the relatinship is beynd ur persnal traits and belief system.
A. Be hnest with each ther.
B. Acts f lve are made fr its wn sake.
C. Take respnsibility f yur wn emtins.
D. Additinally, it’s yur duty t give them encuragement as needed.
E. Human beings are relatinal beings, as everything we find in the nature.
F. Therefre, develping friendship with ther peple is essential in ur lives.
G. Friendship desn’t mean having the same interests, pinins and mindset as the ther persn.
4
（2023·四川攀枝花·統(tǒng)考二模）Scial media has basically taken ver almst everyday life fr many peple. They like t pst vides nline t share their life. But smetimes, if yu pst a vide nline and yur vide becmes ppular, yu may get cmments frm peple wh will always find smething t cmplain abut. They may spread gssip (流言蜚語) abut yu that isn’t true. Negative cmments, if they are mishandled, can affect yur reputatin and md. 16
First, respnd psitively and plitely. Sme peple like yur vide while thers dn’t. N matter hw negative the cmment is, it’s best fr yu t give a psitive and plite respnse. 17 . Dn’t be angry, and stay calm, which helps yu gain the upper hand.
Next, mving the cnversatin ut f the public eye and int a private area is usually the best chice. 18 Instead, leave a cmment fr them, asking them t cntact yu t discuss the prblem privately. This shws everyne that yu are willing t slve the issue.
Finally, dn’t reply if they try t start an argument. Often, keybard warrirs (鍵盤俠) are feeling bad abut smething in their wn lives. 19 Avid being negatively influenced by their cmments. Yu ttally have the right t delete anything that shuld nt be n yur scial media page.
20 Just laugh them ff and let them g. Yu can’t cntrl what ther peple d. All yu can d is keep psting and sharing psitive things. When thers can see that yu are still living a gd life, they will be encuraged by yu.
A. S when shuld yu ignre negative cmments?
B. Then hw shuld we deal with negative cmments?
C. S keep it in mind that their cmments have nthing t d with yu.
D. Hw d yu recver frm thse negative cmments n scial media?
E. Hwever, dn’t send a direct message t the negative cmment makers.
F. Each cmment needs t be cnsidered n the basis f facts and theries.
G. This shws that yu care abut everyne else n yur scial media page.
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（2023·河北滄州·?？既＃〩elping Yur Kids t Be Interested in Sprts
Being active and mving is smething that is s imprtant fr us all, especially fr children. 21 Hwever, sme parents can feel shcked when they see that their child isn’t interested in sprts. S hw can yu encurage them t have ag?
It is such a gd idea t lead by example when yu are a parent. This is true fr a variety f aspects, but especially frgetting children invlved in sprt. 22 S yu need t be smene wh is interested and active, if yu want any hpe f them ding s t. If yu lay n the cuch all day then they will just learn t d that t.
23 Althugh they can chse wh they want t supprt, seeing yur enthusiasm fr a particular player r team can be just what is needed t start their jurney. Yu culd lk fr a team unifrm stre t get them a sprts shirt with their name n fr example, as well as see the team play at ne f their games. 24
If smething is dull, it will be hard fr children t be enthusiastic abut it. This will make them resent(討厭) it, which is nt a gd thing fr later in life. If they shw particular skill and learn t play sprt, then mre practice and training can cme in. 25 When they can enjy what they d, they will nly see it as smething fun t d, rather than what we as adults might see it as, such as a chre t burn calries.
Whatever sprt yur child chses t play, encurage them and make it fun, and then it will be smething that they will want t carry n ding as they g abut the rest f their lives.
A. They wn’t be interested in sprts if yu’re nt.
B. here are sme ther tips that yu wuld share with them.
C. Share yur enthusiasm and it will help t lighten a passin.
D. S think abut ways that can get them t be active in the sprts.
E. Hw active a child is will impact their verall health and learning.
F. Apart frm leading by example, yu culd als share yur favrite team.
G. Hwever, the main message frgetting children int sprt is t keep it fun.
6
（2023·河北石家莊·正定一中?？寄M預(yù)測）Insecurities are negative thughts that can cause yu t dubt yurself. Accrding t the American Psychlgical Assciatin, being insecure can make it difficult fr yu t trust thers, have healthy relatinships, be cnfident f yur abilities and reach fr yur gals. 26 .
Challenge negative self-talk. 27 . Then it’s imprtant t start challenging it. Fr instance, if the vice is saying “Dn’t try t dance because yu’re a hrrible dancer and everyne will laugh at yu”, tell yurself “I’m ging t dance because I lve dancing and the nly thing I care abut is having fun”.
28 . Peple wh struggle with cnfidence tend t have a bias (偏見) abut everything they believe they cannt d. Instead, fcus yur attentin tward the things yu d well and the areas in which yu wuld like t cntinue t imprve.
Channel cnfidence. Try t channel times in yur life when yu were feeling cnfident and embdy that feeling. 29 —it culd be when yu made a great presentatin, gave an imprtant speech, r managed a difficult cnversatin. Get back int that head space and see hw yur thught patterns and bdy language als radiate cnfidence.
Get cmfrtable with being uncmfrtable. Stp aviding things that make yu uncmfrtable. 30 . Cmmit t ding smething every day that pushes yu t grw and becme a strnger persn.
A. Fcus n yur strengths
B. Fllw yur inner vices cnfidently
C. Instead, take actin t prevent thse cnsequences
D. Frtunately, yu can help yurself feel less insecure
E. Fr example, think abut the time when yu were prud f yurself
F. Instead, start dealing with the things that scare yu and facing the unknwn
G. Smetimes, yu may get aware f the inner vice that’s putting dubts in yur mind
7
（2023·四川綿陽·四川省綿陽南山中學(xué)?？寄M預(yù)測）Gardening may be ne f the mst relaxing hbbies yu’ll find, with the excitement f seeing smething yu have planted actually turn int a flwer. But if yu’ve been hlding back because yu dn’t have a yard, then yu’re missing ut a lt. 31
Cntainer gardening is the mst bvius way t plant when yu dn’t have a tn f space. If yu can get a cntainer regardless f its size, yu can have a garden. 32 Even a small pt with a brightly clred flwer r bushy green plants can give yur entryway a pp f clr.
33 Grw climbing plants n a fence r the psts ver yur drway t decrate the side f yur hme. Plenty f plants are happy t grw up instead f ut, s yu can have sme greenery withut a traditinal garden.
Have an apartment r twnhuse? Then cnsider utdr windw bxes that yu access frm inside. 34 And they give yu plenty f ptins t plant bright blms r fresh herbs within reach-plus they give yur hme sme added appeal at the same time.
There’s prbably still ne rm where yu haven’t thught f putting sme plants: Yur bathrm. Even if yurs desn’t get much light, a wall-munted garden can still grw well. 35 They will give yur bathrm a mre natural, earthy feel.
A. These require, n grund space at all.
B. When plants get enugh sunlight, they grw better.
C. If yu’re really shrt f space, think height instead.
D. They can add sme green t the inside f yur hme.
E. Bigger pts give yu space t grw several different flwers.
F. In fact, there are plenty f easy ways t get the jy f gardening.
G. Plants that d well in shady and wet envirnments are the best chice.
8
（2023·江西·濂溪一中校聯(lián)考模擬預(yù)測）Hw t prepare fr a thrilling hike? Hiking needs mental and physical preparatin weeks befre the material day. If yu’re a fan f hiking muntains. Here is a guide t help yu.
Train hard and train in time
Yu need t train yur bdy at least three mnths befre the challenge. 36 Yu can start with baby steps and gradually take mre demanding exercises and distance. Yu can ften carry yur hiking stick t prmte stability. Keep track f yur prgress t help yu achieve yur gal.
Chse yur clthes carefully
37 . Wear light absrbent pants t reduce frictin and prmte absrptin f sweat. Lng pants keep yu safe frm stinging weeds, insects and tugh weather.
38
Yu must cnsider varius factrs befre purchasing the mst apprpriate hiking shes. First, mind the terrain (地形) f the hiking grund. A mild terrain will d fine with light shes. On the ther hand. A tugh, hard and muntainus terrain require hardy hts t help navigate the rcky grunds.
Adequately pack yur bag
Yur bag is yur lifeline when hiking. Water is the mst essential itch when hiking. The bdy perfrms best when yu hydrate frequently thrughut the challenge. Carry adequate clean water and sip ften. 39 These are primary tls t help yu find yur way, water pints, emergency twers, and ther places. Hpe fr the lest but always prepare fr ever-agencies. Thus, ensure yu have a flash light, a lighter and a whistle.
Hiking is a refreshing way f keeping fit, having fun and building resilience. 40
A. Chse apprpriate ftwear
B. Search fr the rute yu will he hiking
C. Carry a cmpass, a map and a gas with yu
D. Adequate water can help yu be in gd cn lit in
E. create a regular schedule and be disciplined t fllw it
F. Wear apprpriate clthes that allw yur free mvement
G. Adequate planning will help have a fantastic experience f it
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（2023·福建福州·福建省福州第一中學(xué)?？既＃〧r decades, I was a hard drinker wh culd drink anyne under the table. This lasted frm the age f 27 until after 50, a glden time during which I felt very srry fr ex-drinkers and peple wh culdn’t r wuldn’t drink. Hw did they make it thrugh scial situatins, especially parties? What did they d at the end f a wrkday t celebrate and relax? 41
When I first tried t quit drinking myself in my early 50s, I wasn’t sure at first hw it wuld wrk fr me. But I did it anyway. 42 I was getting lder. I had t cncede that I wasn’t as tugh as I used t be. Nights f drinking t much shwed in my face, and I culd feel it in my bnes. I wanted t take care f myself. S fr the next few years, I bunced between nt drinking at all fr mnths at a time, then slwly starting again until I had t quit again.
During these years, I didn’t lve nt drinking. But I had t admit that when I was ff bze, I lked and felt better physically: I slept mre deeply, had mre energy, exercised mre. My mind was clearer. My mds were brighter. Parties were hard, and s was cking at the end f a day f writing withut a glass f wine at my elbw. 43
I finally quit drinking fr real almst fur years ag, n 12 July 2019, when a writer friend stayed with my husband and me after his wife kicked him ut. After my husband had gne upstairs t bed, my friend sat n ur sfa drinking an entire bttle f gin, cmplaining abut his fate, until he passed ut next t ur dg, whse bed that sfa was. 44 I didn’t have a drink the next night, r ever again since.
I’m nt ging t lie: being sber is nt a ht-air balln ride. 45 Having t feel my damn feelings withut filters cmpels me t face and change the things in my life that keep me stuck. Hard wrk all arund, but as my reward, I cnnect mre deeply with the peple I care abut. I think f nt drinking as a kindness I’ve given myself. And t my surprise, it’s rewarded me with true, hard-wn happiness.
A. My bdy demanded it.
B. My health started imprving rapidly.
C. It’s mre like a hike in the muntains.
D. Hw did they quit drinking?
E. It was a wake-up call.
F. But the pluses seemed t utweigh the minuses.
G. Hw did they get thrugh life?
10
（2023·浙江麗水·校聯(lián)考三模）Garden lights are extremely imprtant. 46 We have prepared the ultimate guide that aims t prvide yu with all the infrmatin that yu culd pssibly need. S, what are yu waiting fr? Let’s get started.
The first thing that yu need t d is t use LED lights that are knwn fr their lw heat emissin. It wuld als help reduce the attractin t flies r insects. 47 Hence, yu need t g fr a lwer heat emissins ptin. The lights are gd fr the envirnment and help yu save energy csts.
Next, yu have t install light shields (保護(hù)罩) fr creating a physical barrier between the utdr elements and lights. By getting light shields, yu get t increase the prtectin f yur expensive utdr lights. 48 Dn’t frget t take the accurate measurement f the lights when shpping fr light shields.
When it cmes t using garden lights, lcatin is everything. 49 Yu need t place the garden lights in a lcatin where the utdr lighting cmpnents wuld be prtected frm the elements. They shuld prvide sufficient lighting and last a lng time at the same time.
Finally, yu als have t maintain the garden lights system fr ensuring that it cntinues t be prperly cntrlled. Regardless f which type f garden lights yu get, yu have t ensure that they are well maintained and serviced frm time t time. 50 Yu have n excuse nt t get them serviced.
A. It is nt smething that shuld be taken lightly.
B. Unexpected elements will cause damage t the lights.
C. It can be frustrating t see them taking ver the lighting.
D. Place them in the crrect psitin t wrk and last a lng time.
E. They can make yur garden area safer and mre beautiful in n time.
F. Yu shuld seek help frm a lighting prfessinal fr the best utcme.
G. They als help ensure the lights d nt shine t bright in just ne spt.
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（2023·河南開封·統(tǒng)考模擬預(yù)測）A fd allergy (過敏) is a medical cnditin that ccurs when the bdy’s prtectin system perceives certain fds as a threat and respnds t them with an allergic reactin.
51 . That’s because they accunt fr arund 90 per cent f fd allergies in the cuntry. And they are the nes mst likely t cause a severe reactin. This grup cnsists f eggs, milk, peanuts, fish, tree nuts and wheat.
Fd allergies are ften cnfused with fd intlerance. But intlerance is a less serius cnditin that des nt invlve a respnse frm the immune system. 52 . If yu experience an extreme reactin, seek medical help immediately.
Symptms (癥狀) f a fd allergy. Symptms can range frm mild t severe. And they may differ each time a specific allergen appears. Symptms can include: a skin rash r hives, swelling f the face r lips, r feeling lightheaded r dizzy. 53 . That can send the bdy int shck r make it difficult t breathe.
Treating a fd allergy. Fr minr reactins, yu can take sme medicine. Fr severe reactins, hwever, turn t dctrs fr help.
54 . The nly sure way t prevent an allergic reactin t fd is t carefully avid the allergens. This can be a difficult prcess. That requires patients t carefully study fd labels t ensure the fd is safe fr them. 55 . S it’s necessary t infrm family r friends f the fd that can cause a fd allergy.
A. Aviding harm frm allergy
B. Preventing an allergic reactin
C. Nt everyne knws what a fd allergy is
D. Many peple d nt understand the severity f the issue
E. The best way t handle a fd allergy is t avid such fds
F. Fr sme peple, certain allergens can bring a severe reactin
G. Certain fds are cnsidered pririty allergens by Health Canada
12
（2023·江蘇鎮(zhèn)江·江蘇省鎮(zhèn)江中學(xué)?？既＃㎞wadays, many f us are finding urselves tired ut, struggling t build balance back int ur lives. 56 Spending time near ceans, lakes, rivers and ther bule spaces can prvide a range f benefits including reducing anxiety, easing mental tiredness and refreshing us. Here is sme advice n hw t take advantage f the healing pwer f water.
57 Yu likely have sme water clse by, even if it is just a pnd alngside the rad. Start there. Then get ut t water yu can visit n the weekend r a vacatin. Urban water cunts—rivers, canals and funtains. 58 If yu can’t get t actual water, then paintings, phtgraphs, vides and mvies can prduce sme f the same benefits. Even virtual reality helps.
G ften. A little bit makes a big difference. 59 But an envirnmental psychlgist fund that spending a similar amunt f time near water has the same benefits. Even peple wh lk int aquariums(水族箱) have lwer heart rates and better mds after just 15 minutes.
Listen. One f the mst calming characteristics f water is its sund, typically steady and sft. The water sunds peple find having the strngest healing pwer are rain in a rainfrest, waves patting a beach, and a running stream. When the sunds f living things are added t the sunds f water, peple like them even better. Make an audi recrding f yur favrite water. 60
A. Remember that all water cunts.
B. It will bring back happy memries.
C. Stay in a place surrunded by water.
D. Accrding t researchers, water can help us.
E. S des dmestic water-in pls, bathtubs, even by fish tanks.
F. Spending sme time every day near water can speed up ur recvery.
G. It takes at least tw hurs a week in nature t imprve ur well-being.
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（2023·江蘇·江蘇省天一中學(xué)?？寄M預(yù)測）Scientists help t explain hw the wrld arund us wrks, and carry ut experiments t create new things. T becme a scientist, yu need a cllege degree and varius prfessinal skills. 61
Understand scientist descriptin and respnsibilities. Scientists are respnsible fr examining and explring different aspects f the physical wrld. All their explratin prcesses are dne by fllwing a set f rules knwn as the scientific methd. 62 Of curse, they als have different specific wrk respnsibilities. If yu want t be a scientist in a certain field, yu need t cntinue t have a deep understanding f prfessinal wrk respnsibilities.
63 The influence f every prfessin is duble-sided. As a scientist, it may bring yu sme achievements and benefits, but it als has sme prfessinal disadvantages. S befre yu want t be a scientist, yu shuld have a detailed understanding f the advantages and disadvantages f scientists.
G thrugh cllege. 64 Overall studying is imprtant t becme a prfessinal scientist. Yu can learn all kinds f related knwledge systematically at cllege and lay a slid fundatin fr yur future career.
Get internship (實習(xí)) pprtunities. Try t find part-time jbs during the university perid. In this way, yu can btain real wrk experience while studying, which is very valuable fr yu and will definitely be helpful fr yur real career in the future. 65 When yu find a relevant scientist jb, apply fr it.
A scientist’s career path is ften the result f a series f chance meetings, unexpected events and changes in persnal circumstances. Yu shuld nt be afraid t fllw yur wn unique rute.
A. Try t avid the influence f thers.
B. Next, yu will have detailed infrmatin.
C. S make use f yur rich experience if any.
D. Think abut whether it is wrthwhile t be a scientist.
E. Yu can find such chances thrugh special part-time websites.
F. Scientists in different fields may specialize in different subjects.
G. Systematic learning in university is the basis f becming a scientist.
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（2023·河南鄭州·洛寧縣第一高級中學(xué)校聯(lián)考模擬預(yù)測）
Qualities That Can Easily Land Yu a Jb
Dependability
Emplyees that can be relied n arrive at the ffice n time and put up cnsistent effrt in all tasks. 66 . A dependable emplyee is given these tasks when an emplyer has a prject r jb that must be finished in a certain perid f time and t a certain standard. Dependable wrkers cnstantly shw their ability, which can result in pay increases and jb advancements.
Prblem-slving
Any rganizatin can benefit frm having emplyees wh can make their wn decisins and act quickly. 67 . Therefre, they need candidates wh are nt hesitant t take decisive actin. Anyne seeking t advance int a management r leadership rle must pssess the ability t take actin and accept respnsibility fr the results.
Adaptability
68 . Being adaptable fcuses mre n lng-term changes that culd have a large impact n a wrkplace. Yu are able t rapidly adapt t any changes, even when psitins are ruled ut r a firm significantly changes its visin. Adaptable emplyees wrk mre effectively with custmers, clients and their team members.
69
Management can trust independent wrkers t accmplish their respnsibilities well and can be left alne t d s. Althugh many emplyers want wrkers wh can wrk tgether well and cmmunicate effectively, being independent enables an individual t d tasks n his/her wn withut relying n thers. The value f independent wrk depends n hw well the persn manages their time, jins in critical thught and slves prblems.
Team Player
The ability t wrk tgether effectively with thers is a basic cmpnent f almst any emplyment. 70 . Even if sme jbs need yu t wrk alne, a team-riented attitude shws that yu are wrking tward a greater gal and value the grup effrts f yur c-wrkers. Emplyees wh wrk well in a team make gd candidates fr management and leadership rles.
A. Respnsibility
B. Independent Thinker
C. Emplyers cannt take part in every small decisin
D. Yur ability fr adaptatin is hw well yu handle changes
E. Emplyers place a high value n the ability t perate well in a team
F. Emplyers have faith in their ability t cmplete the duties arranged fr them
G. A manager will spend less time finding anther persn when a wrker can be adaptable
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（2023·山東濰坊·濰坊一中?？寄M預(yù)測）One Secnd Every Day
I’ve been in advertising fr eight years and used t wrk a lt f late nights and weekends fr numerus prjects. 71 One day I watched a talk called “The pwer f time ff”. It’s abut hw every seven years, the speaker takes a year ff frm wrk s he can d his wn creative prjects. 72 I decided I had t d that. I need t take time t start my wn creative ideas.
The first prject ends up being smething I call “One Secnd Every Day”. Basically I recrd ne secnd f every day fr the rest f my life, cmbining these mments int ne single cntinuus vide until I can’t recrd them anymre. 73 There’re many things I have n recllectin f unless smene brings them up, and I think, “Oh, that’s smething I did.”
74 On a gd day, I’ll have maybe fur secnds I want t chse. I’ll just have t narrw them dwn t ne, but even narrw them dwn t that ne allws me t remember the ther three anyway.
I dn’t use any filters (濾鏡), just trying t catch the mment as much as pssible as it is. I started a rule f the first persn view. Early n, I thught I shuld have a cuple f vides where peple wuld see me, but I realized that wasn’t the way t g. 75
The prject has many pssibilities. I encurage yu all t recrd just a small piece f yur life every day, s yu can never frget that day and treasure every mment.
A. It instantly inspired me.
B. The purpse is t remember what I’ve dne.
C. I’m always energetic when ding things I lve.
D. Peple might have different interpretatins f it.
E. It’s difficult, smetimes, t pick that ne secnd.
F. But I never had time fr ne I wanted t wrk n n my wn.
G. The essence f my prject shuld be recrding the thing as I actually see it.
參考答案
1
1. E 2. D 3. A 4. F 5. G
【解析】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了做說服性演講的方法和注意事項。
1. 根據(jù)前文“First, yu shuld chse a tpic yu knw smething abut r have researched well t prepare fr yur speech. Make sure it is a subject abut which peple have different pinins.(首先，你應(yīng)該選擇一個你了解或研究過的話題來準(zhǔn)備你的演講。確保這是一個人們有不同意見的話題)”可知，空處位于段尾，應(yīng)是對前文的總結(jié)，所以E項“It wuld nt be lgical t speak abut a fact recgnized by everybdy.(談?wù)撘粋€大家都知道的事實是不合邏輯的)”符合本段的主題，且是對前文的總結(jié)。故選E項。
2. 根據(jù)前文“It is als best t chse a subject yur listeners care abut r can act n.(最好選擇一個你的聽眾關(guān)心或可以采取行動的話題)”以及后文“Yu can expect that they care abut hw the twn appears, r that they can change their actins. S, giving a speech abut why littering harms yur twn’s appearance might persuade peple wh d it t stp.(你可以期待他們關(guān)心城鎮(zhèn)的外觀，或者他們可以改變自己的行為。所以，發(fā)表一篇關(guān)于為什么亂扔垃圾會損害你的城鎮(zhèn)形象的演講，可能會說服亂扔垃圾的人停止亂扔垃圾)”可知，空處是一個過渡句，由提出主題到具體例子，所以D項“D yu see peple in yur twn littering?(你看到鎮(zhèn)上的人亂扔垃圾嗎?)”符合文意，其中l(wèi)ittering為同詞復(fù)現(xiàn)。故選D項。
3. 分析設(shè)空，空處應(yīng)是小標(biāo)題，是對下文的高度概括，根據(jù)后文“Yu shuld cnsider yur listeners as yu plan yur speech. What d they value? Thinking f the things yur listeners value will help yu frm arguments in yur speech. If yu want them t stp eating unhealthy fds, fr example, yu may appeal t the value f their appearance. Yu will talk abut hw healthy fds result in gd-lking skin and an attractive bdy.(你在計劃演講時應(yīng)該考慮聽眾的意見。他們看重什么?想想聽眾看重的東西會幫助你在演講中形成論點。例如，如果你想讓他們停止吃不健康的食物，你可能會呼吁他們重視外表。你會談到健康的食物是如何讓你擁有漂亮的皮膚和迷人的身材的)”可知，本段內(nèi)容，是要了解聽眾，所以A項“Knw yur audience.(了解你的聽眾)”符合文意。故選A項。
4. 分析設(shè)空，位于段首，是本段的中心句，根據(jù)后文“We use Greek wrds t describe them because the ancient Greeks develped and appealed t these ideas.(我們用希臘詞來描述它們，因為古希臘人發(fā)展并吸引了這些思想)”；“Eths—appeal t the listeners’ ethics r mrals.(Eths-呼吁聽眾的倫理或道德)”；“Paths—appeal t the listeners’ emtins.(Paths——喚起聽眾的情感)”以及“Lgs—appeal t the listeners’ lgic r intelligence.(Lgs——吸引聽眾的邏輯或智力)”可知，本段提到了三種方法去準(zhǔn)備論點，所以F項“There are three cmmn ways t persuade peple f yur way f thinking.(有三種常用的方法來說服別人接受你的思維方式)”符合文意。故選F項。
5. 分析設(shè)空，位于文章的末尾，應(yīng)該是最后作什么了，所以G項“Finally, practice at hme until yu need nly a nte card with yur main pints n it when yu give the speech.(最后，在家里練習(xí)，直到你在演講時只需要一張寫有要點的卡片)”符合，并且和后文“D nt plan t read the speech wrd-fr-wrd frm a paper.(不要打算逐字逐句地讀演講稿)”構(gòu)成順承關(guān)系。故選G項。
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6. D 7. B 8. E 9. G 10. A
【解析】這是一篇說明文。文章講述了茶包的再利用可以用做一種有利于花園種植的好辦法。
6. 根據(jù)上文“Have yu imagined making an attractive garden which will be the reasn fr yur neighbrs’ envy?(你有沒有想過建造一個有吸引力的花園，這會成為你鄰居羨慕的原因？)”以及下文“But nt every ne f them has the talent fr making it happen.(但并不是每個人都有實現(xiàn)這一目標(biāo)的天賦)”可知，此處上下文說的是美麗的花園是很多人喜歡的東西，D項“A beautiful garden is smething mst peple enjy.(美麗的花園是大多數(shù)人喜歡的東西)”表達(dá)的含義一致，也與下文形成轉(zhuǎn)折，故選D項。
7. 根據(jù)上文“As fr the used teabags, mst f them find they’re n the landfill site, but n lnger! Yur used teabag can wrk wnders in yur garden by yur simply burying it.(至于用過的茶包，大多數(shù)都在垃圾填埋場，但現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)不在了！你用過的茶包只要把它埋起來，就能在你的花園里創(chuàng)造奇跡)”可知，上文說的是用過的茶包對花園有效，結(jié)合常識而言，有點奇怪，B項“It des wrk thugh it sunds strange.(雖然聽起來很奇怪，但它確實有效)”符合題意，故選B項。
8. 根據(jù)下文“And what yu need just invlves a used teabag.(你需要的只是一個用過的茶包)”可知，該空應(yīng)承接下文說的是幫助幼苗更好地生長的方法，E項“There is ne way t help yur seedlings grw better.(有一種方法可以幫助你的幼苗更好地生長)”符合題意，故選E項。
9. 根據(jù)上文“This is because tea wrks as a natural fertilizer (肥料) fr the sil. The teabag itself is usually made frm fibres frm the abaca plant, which is a type f banana plant. The bag breaks dwn with its cntents.(這是因為茶是土壤的天然肥料。袋泡茶本身通常是由阿巴卡植物的纖維制成的，阿巴卡植物是一種香蕉植物。袋子里的東西會分解)”可知，茶袋里的東西分解之后，會成為土壤的天然肥料，G項“That will create a healthy envirnment fr plants t grw in.(這將為植物的生長創(chuàng)造一個健康的環(huán)境)”符合題意，講茶包埋進(jìn)土里分解后對花園植物的好處，故選G項。
10. 根據(jù)上文“What’s mre, weeds are nt wanted in yur garden. (更重要的是，你的花園里不需要雜草)”和下文“By burying a used teabag in the earth, yu’ll make it a lt harder fr the weeds t grw alngside yur healthy plants.(把用過的茶包埋在地里，你會讓雜草更難與健康的植物一起生長)”可知此處上下文說的是茶包可以作為一種有利于花園除草的好方法，與A項“A teabag is a great answer.(茶包是個不錯的辦法)”表達(dá)的含義一致，故選A項。
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11. F 12. C 13. D 14. B 15. G
【解析】這是一篇說明文。主要介紹了培養(yǎng)和維持真正友誼的四個要點。
11. 根據(jù)上文“Friendship is a practice f uncnditinal lve, an pprtunity t grw tgether twards fulfillment (成就), and a jurney t unfld the mst precius capacities f a human being.”（友誼是一種無條件的愛的實踐，是一個共同成長的機會，也是一個展現(xiàn)人類最寶貴能力的旅程。）說明發(fā)展友誼的好處。結(jié)合選項F項Therefre, develping friendship with ther peple is essential in ur lives.（因此，與他人發(fā)展友誼在我們的生活中是必不可少的。）和上文內(nèi)容語意遞進(jìn)，形成邏輯上的因果關(guān)系，上下文語意連貫。故選F項。
12. 該題為段落主題句，總結(jié)該段內(nèi)容。根據(jù)該段內(nèi)容“Many times we blame the ther persn fr what we feel, withut realizing that we are presenting the bad pwer t him/her. This is nt, hwever, smething we must be afraid f r we shuld avid. When we create a bnd f affectin with anther human being, we are autmatically vulnerable t the actins that are prduced by this persn. Being aware f that, we wuld be better ff if we take respnsibility and accept the emtins that cme up in ur inner wrld instead f blaming the ther fr what we are feeling.”（很多時候，我們因為自己的感受而責(zé)備別人，卻沒有意識到我們把不好的力量呈現(xiàn)給了他/她。然而，這不是我們必須害怕或應(yīng)該避免的事情。當(dāng)我們與另一個人建立感情紐帶時，我們會自動受到這個人的行為的影響。意識到這一點，如果我們承擔(dān)責(zé)任，接受來自我們內(nèi)心世界的情緒，而不是因為我們的感受而責(zé)怪別人，我們會過得更好。）可知，主要講的是如果我們承擔(dān)責(zé)任，接受來自我們內(nèi)心世界的情緒，而不是因為我們的感受而責(zé)怪別人，我們會過得更好。結(jié)合選項C項Take respnsibility f yur wn emtins.（對自己的情緒負(fù)責(zé)。）意思一致，為總結(jié)該段內(nèi)容。故選C項。
13. 根據(jù)該段主題句“Prvide supprt and encuragement.”（提供支持和鼓勵。）以及上文“It’s yur jb t be there fr them and prvide them with whatever they need, starting with supprt and cmfrt.”（你的工作就是在他們身邊，提供他們需要的任何東西，從支持和安慰開始。）可知，本段講的是給予支持和安慰。結(jié)合選項D項Additinally, it’s yur duty t give them encuragement as needed.（此外，你有責(zé)任在他們需要的時候給予鼓勵。）和上文內(nèi)容一致，為對上文內(nèi)容的補充和遞進(jìn)，上下文語意連貫。故選D項。
14. 上文“Therefre, ur seeking fr the ther persn’s gd is ttally disinterested. We serve the ther withut expecting anything in return.”（因此，我們對他人利益的追求是完全無私的。我們服務(wù)他人，不求任何回報。）說明愛是無私的。結(jié)合選項B項Acts f lve are made fr its wn sake.（愛的行為是為了愛本身。）意思一致，為對上文內(nèi)容的總結(jié)。故選B項。
15. 根據(jù)該段主題句“Accept the differences.”（接受差異。）以及下文“Friendship welcmes differences and integrates them int a level f unin that accepts and ges beynd them.”（友誼歡迎差異，并將它們整合成一種接受并超越差異的聯(lián)盟。）可知，講的都是關(guān)于友誼接受差異方面的內(nèi)容。故可推斷空格處內(nèi)容為與此相關(guān)，結(jié)合選項G項Friendship desn’t mean having the same interests, pinins and mindset as the ther persn.（友誼并不意味著和另一個人有相同的興趣、觀點和心態(tài)。）符合此推斷，上下文語意連貫。故選G項。
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16. B 17. G 18. E 19. C 20. D
【解析】本文是篇說明文。介紹了如何處理網(wǎng)上的負(fù)面評論。
16. 分析設(shè)空，空處位于首段段尾，應(yīng)是承上啟下的作用，根據(jù)前文“But smetimes, if yu pst a vide nline and yur vide becmes ppular, yu may get cmments frm peple wh will always find smething t cmplain abut. They may spread gssip (流言蜚語) abut yu that isn’t true. Negative cmments, if they are mishandled, can affect yur reputatin and md. (但有時候，如果你在網(wǎng)上發(fā)布了一個視頻，你的視頻變得很受歡迎，你可能會收到一些人的評論，他們總是會找到一些抱怨的地方。他們可能會散布關(guān)于你的不真實的流言蜚語。消極的評論，如果處理不當(dāng)，會影響你的聲譽和情緒)”可知，本文主要講述如何處理網(wǎng)上的負(fù)面評論，所以B項“Then hw shuld we deal with negative cmments? (那么我們應(yīng)該如何處理負(fù)面評論呢?)”符合文意，是前文的總結(jié)，并通過提問引出下文。故選B項。
17. 根據(jù)前文“First, respnd psitively and plitely. Sme peple like yur vide while thers dn’t. N matter hw negative the cmment is, it’s best fr yu t give a psitive and plite respnse. (首先，積極禮貌地回應(yīng)。有些人喜歡你的視頻，而有些人則不喜歡。不管評論有多負(fù)面，你最好給出一個積極而禮貌的回應(yīng))”可知G項“This shws that yu care abut everyne else n yur scial media page. (這表明你關(guān)心你的社交媒體頁面上的其他人)”是對前文的總結(jié)，符合文意。故選G項。
18. 根據(jù)前文“Next, mving the cnversatin ut f the public eye and int a private area is usually the best chice. (其次，將談話轉(zhuǎn)移到公眾視線之外的私人領(lǐng)域通常是最好的選擇)”以及后文“Instead, leave a cmment fr them, asking them t cntact yu t discuss the prblem privately. (相反，給他們留言，讓他們聯(lián)系你私下討論這個問題)”可知，空處應(yīng)是對前文進(jìn)一步說明，并和后文構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折，所以E項“Hwever, dn’t send a direct message t the negative cmment makers. (但是，不要直接給負(fù)面評論的制造者發(fā)信息)”符合文意，對前文進(jìn)一步說明，并和后文構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折。故選E項。
19. 根據(jù)前文“Finally, dn’t reply if they try t start an argument. Often, keybard warrirs (鍵盤俠) are feeling bad abut smething in their wn lives. (最后，如果他們試圖開始爭論，不要回答。通常，鍵盤俠會對自己生活中的某些事情感到難過)”以及后文“Avid being negatively influenced by their cmments. Yu ttally have the right t delete anything that shuld nt be n yur scial media page.(避免被他們的評論負(fù)面影響。你完全有權(quán)利刪除任何不應(yīng)該出現(xiàn)在你的社交媒體頁面上的東西)”可知，空處應(yīng)是過渡句，所以C項“S keep it in mind that their cmments have nthing t d with yu. (所以請記住，他們的評論與你無關(guān))”符合本段主題，對前文的總結(jié)并引出下文。故選C項。
20. 分析設(shè)空，位于段首，應(yīng)是本段的中心句，根據(jù)后文“Just laugh them ff and let them g. Yu can’t cntrl what ther peple d. All yu can d is keep psting and sharing psitive things. When thers can see that yu are still living a gd life, they will be encuraged by yu. (一笑了之，讓他們走吧。你不能控制別人做什么。你所能做的就是繼續(xù)發(fā)布和分享積極的事情。當(dāng)別人看到你仍然過著美好的生活時，他們會受到你的鼓勵)”可知，本段在講述如何從社交媒體上的負(fù)面評論中恢復(fù)過來，所以D項“Hw d yu recver frm thse negative cmments n scial media? (你如何從社交媒體上的負(fù)面評論中恢復(fù)過來?)”符合文意。故選D項。
5
21. E 22. A 23. F 24. C 25. G
【解析】本文是說明文。文章主要介紹一些幫助孩子對運動感興趣的方法。
21. 根據(jù)上文“Being active and mving is smething that is s imprtant fr us all, especially fr children. (活躍和運動對我們所有人都非常重要，對兒童來說尤為重要。)”可知，這里強調(diào)活躍和運動對兒童來說尤為重要。選項E“孩子的活躍程度將影響他們的整體健康和學(xué)習(xí)?！焙蜕衔囊馑家恢?。故選E。
22. 根據(jù)上文“It is such a gd idea t lead by example when yu are a parent. This is true fr a variety f aspects, but especially frgetting children invlved in sprt.(當(dāng)你為人父母時，以身作則是個好主意。這在很多方面都是正確的，但尤其是在忘記孩子們參與體育運動這方面。)”可知，作為家長要為孩子樹立榜樣，結(jié)合上文提到體育運動，可知選項A“如果你不感興趣，他們就不會對體育感興趣?！焙蜕衔囊馑家恢隆９蔬xA。
23. 根據(jù)下文“Althugh they can chse wh they want t supprt, seeing yur enthusiasm fr a particular player r team can be just what is needed t start their jurney. (盡管他們可以選擇他們想要支持的人，但看到你對某個特定球員或球隊的熱情可能正是他們開始旅程所需要的。)”可知，這里建議家長跟孩子分享喜歡的球員或球隊。選項F“除了以身作則，你還可以與他們分享你喜歡的球隊?！焙拖挛囊馑家恢?。故選F。
24. 根據(jù)上文“Yu culd lk fr a team unifrm stre t get them a sprts shirt with their name n fr example, as well as see the team play at ne f their games. (例如，你可以找一家隊服商店給他們買一件印有他們名字的運動衫，也可以看球隊參加他們的一場比賽。)”可知，這里舉例說明家長在球隊的熱情。選項C“分享你的熱情，這將有助于點燃激情?！焙蜕衔囊馑家恢?。故選C。
25. 根據(jù)上文“If they shw particular skill and learn t play sprt, then mre practice and training can cme in. (如果他們表現(xiàn)出特殊的技能并且學(xué)習(xí)運動，那么就應(yīng)多練習(xí)和訓(xùn)練。)”和下文“When they can enjy what they d, they will nly see it as smething fun t d, rather than what we as adults might see it as, such as a chre t burn calries.(當(dāng)他們能夠享受自己所做的事情時，他們只會認(rèn)為這是一件有趣的事情，而不是我們成年人可能認(rèn)為的事情，比如燃燒卡路里的家務(wù)。)”可知，這里建議讓孩子參與有樂趣的運動。選項G“然而，讓孩子們參與體育運動的關(guān)鍵是讓運動變得有樂趣?！焙蜕舷挛囊馑家恢?。故選G。
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26. D 27. G 28. A 29. E 30. F
【解析】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了幾種克服缺乏安全感的方法。
26. 上文“Accrding t the American Psychlgical Assciatin, being insecure can make it difficult fr yu t trust thers, have healthy relatinships, be cnfident f yur abilities and reach fr yur gals.(根據(jù)美國心理協(xié)會的說法，缺乏安全感會使你難以信任他人、建立健康的人際關(guān)系、對自己的能力充滿信心并實現(xiàn)目標(biāo))”可知，這些是缺乏安全感的危害，D項“幸運的是，你可以幫助自己減少不安全感”提到了克服該消極情緒的方法，起到了承上啟下的作用。故選D項。
27. 根據(jù)下文“Then it’s imprtant t start challenging it. Fr instance, if the vice is saying...(然后開始挑戰(zhàn)它是很重要的。例如，如果這個聲音說……)”可知，空處是關(guān)于內(nèi)心的聲音，G項“有時，你可能會意識到那個讓你懷疑自己的內(nèi)心聲音的存在”符合語境，下中的it指代的是G項中的the vice。故選G項。
28. 下文“Instead, fcus yur attentin tward the things yu d well and the areas in which yu wuld like t cntinue t imprve.(相反，把注意力集中在你做得好的事情以及你想繼續(xù)改進(jìn)的領(lǐng)域上)”可知，你要把精力集中在想要讓自己變好的領(lǐng)域或者是事情上，A項“專注于你的強項”適合作為本段的主題句。故選A項。
29. 下文“it culd be when yu made a great presentatin, gave an imprtant speech, r managed a difficult cnversatin.(這可能是你做了一個很棒的演講，發(fā)表了一次重要的演講，或者進(jìn)行了一次艱難的對話)”是舉例說明一些對自己感到自信的時候，故E項“例如，想想你為自己感到驕傲的時候”符合語境。故選E項。
30. 上文“Stp aviding things that make yu uncmfrtable.(不要回避那些讓你感到不舒服的事情)”提到，不要回避那些讓你感到不舒服的事情，空處應(yīng)是接著說而是應(yīng)該怎么做，F(xiàn) 項“相反，開始應(yīng)對那些讓你害怕的事情并直面未知”符合語境。故選F項。
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31. F 32. E 33. C 34. A 35. G
【解析】這是一篇說明文。文章主要就如何進(jìn)行園藝提出了一些方法。
31. 根據(jù)上文“Gardening may be ne f the mst relaxing hbbies yu’ll find, with the excitement f seeing smething yu have planted actually turn int a flwer. But if yu’ve been hlding back because yu dn’t have a yard, then yu’re missing ut a lt.(園藝可能是你會發(fā)現(xiàn)的最放松的愛好之一，看到你種的東西實際上變成了一朵花，你會感到興奮。但如果你因為沒有院子而退縮，那么你就錯過了很多)”結(jié)合后文主要關(guān)于園藝的建議，故F選項“事實上，有很多簡單的方法可以獲得園藝的樂趣”符合語境，故選F。
32. 根據(jù)上文“Cntainer gardening is the mst bvius way t plant when yu dn’t have a tn f space. If yu can get a cntainer regardless f its size, yu can have a garden.(當(dāng)你沒有足夠的空間時，容器園藝是最明顯的種植方式。如果你能得到一個容器，不管它的大小，你就可以擁有一個花園)”可知，本句主要針對上文提到的容器進(jìn)行說明。故E選項“更大的花盆給你空間種植幾種不同的花”符合語境，故選E。
33. 根據(jù)后文“Grw climbing plants n a fence r the psts ver yur drway t decrate the side f yur hme. Plenty f plants are happy t grw up instead f ut, s yu can have sme greenery withut a traditinal garden.(在門口的柵欄或柱子上種植攀緣植物來裝飾你家的一面。很多植物都很樂意向上生長而不是長出來，所以你可以在沒有傳統(tǒng)花園的情況下?lián)碛幸恍┚G色植物)”可知，在門口的柵欄或柱子上種植，即從高度空間來種植。故C選項“如果你真的缺少空間，那就考慮一下高度吧”符合語境，故選C。
34. 根據(jù)上文“Have an apartment r twnhuse? Then cnsider utdr windw bxes that yu access frm inside.(你有公寓或聯(lián)排別墅嗎？然后考慮從室內(nèi)進(jìn)入的室外窗框)”可知，上文提到考慮從室內(nèi)進(jìn)入的室外窗框來種植，本句主要針對這一做法進(jìn)行說明：不需要地面空間。故A選項“這些根本不需要地面空間”符合語境，故選A。
35. 根據(jù)上文“Even if yurs desn’t get much light, a wall-munted garden can still grw well.(即使你的花園沒有足夠的光線，壁掛式花園仍然可以很好地生長)”以及后文“They will give yur bathrm a mre natural, earthy feel.(它們會給你的浴室?guī)硪环N更自然、更樸實的感覺)”可知，沒有足夠的光線，可以選擇在陰涼潮濕的環(huán)境中生長良好的植物。故G選項“在陰涼潮濕的環(huán)境中生長良好的植物是最好的選擇”符合語境，故選G。
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36. E 37. F 38. A 39. C 40. G
【解析】本文是一篇說明文。文章告訴我們?nèi)绾螢轶@險的徒步旅行做準(zhǔn)備。
36. 根據(jù)上文“Yu need t train yur bdy at least three mnths befre the challenge. (在挑戰(zhàn)開始前，你至少需要提前三個月訓(xùn)練你的身體。) ”和下文“Yu can start with baby steps and gradually take mre demanding exercises and distance. (你可以從小步開始，逐漸進(jìn)行更多的練習(xí)并增加距離。) ”可推測設(shè)空處應(yīng)該是制定訓(xùn)練計劃，然后按時訓(xùn)練，E項“制訂一個有規(guī)律的時間表，并嚴(yán)格遵守?！狈险Z境。故選E。
37. 根據(jù)本段標(biāo)題“Chse yur clthes carefully (仔細(xì)選擇你的衣服) ”和下文“Wear light absrbent pants t reduce frictin and prmte absrptin f sweat. (穿輕薄的褲子可以減少摩擦，促進(jìn)汗水的吸收)”可知本段主要講要穿適合的衣服，F(xiàn)項“穿合適的，能讓你自由活動的衣服?！狈险Z境。故選F。
38. 根據(jù)下文“Yu must cnsider varius factrs befre purchasing the mst apprpriate hiking shes. (在購買最合適的登山鞋之前，你必須考慮各種因素。)” 可知本段是關(guān)于如何選擇鞋子的，所以A項“選擇合適的鞋”是本段的主題。故選A。
39. 根據(jù)下文“These are primary tls t help yu find yur way, water pints, emergency twers, and ther places. (這些都是幫助你找到方向、供水點、應(yīng)急塔和其他地方的主要工具。)”可知，設(shè)空處應(yīng)是要攜帶的工具，C項“隨身攜帶指南針、地圖和GPS?！狈险Z境。故選C。
40. 根據(jù)上文“Hiking is a refreshing way f keeping fit, having fun and building resilience. (徒步旅行是一種可以讓人保持健康、享受樂趣和增強復(fù)原力的方式。) ”可知后文是對前面進(jìn)行總結(jié)，所以只有計劃好，才會有一個美好的徒步旅行體驗，G項“充分的計劃將有助于獲得美妙的戶外體驗?！狈险Z境。故選G。
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41. G 42. A 43. F 44. E 45. C
【解析】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者戒酒的過程。
41. 上文“This lasted frm the age f 27 until after 50, a glden time during which I felt very srry fr ex-drinkers and peple wh culdn’t r wuldn’t drink. Hw did they make it thrugh scial situatins, especially parties? What did they d at the end f a wrkday t celebrate and relax(這種情況從27歲一直持續(xù)到50歲以后，在那段黃金時期，我為那些曾經(jīng)喝酒的人和那些不能或不愿喝酒的人感到非常遺憾。他們是如何通過社交活動，特別是派對的？他們在工作日結(jié)束時做了什么來慶祝和放松？)”指出作者愛喝酒，并提出幾個問題為那些曾經(jīng)喝酒的人和那些不能或不愿喝酒的人表示遺憾，由此可知，空處也應(yīng)是提出問題，表示遺憾，G項“他們是如何度過一生的？”符合，故選G。
42. 上文“When I first tried t quit drinking myself in my early 50s, I wasn’t sure at first hw it wuld wrk fr me. But I did it anyway( 在我50歲出頭的時候，我第一次嘗試戒酒，起初我并不確定這對我有什么用。但我還是做了。)”指出作者開始戒酒，下文“I was getting lder. I had t cncede that I wasn’t as tugh as I used t be.(隨著年紀(jì)變大，我不得不承認(rèn)我不像以前那么堅強了。)”說明作者戒酒的原因——即歲數(shù)大了，身體不允許作者再喝酒了，A項“我的身體需要這樣做?！狈?，引起下文，故選A。
43. 上文“But I had t admit that when I was ff bze, I lked and felt better physically: I slept mre deeply, had mre energy, exercised mre. My mind was clearer. My mds were brighter. Parties were hard, and s was cking at the end f a day f writing withut a glass f wine at my elbw.(但我不得不承認(rèn)，當(dāng)我戒酒后，我的身體狀況看起來好多了：睡得更深，精力更充沛，鍛煉得更多。我的頭腦更清醒了。我的心情好多了。聚會是艱難的，在一天寫作結(jié)束的時候，手邊沒有一杯葡萄酒，做飯也變得艱難起來的。)”重點描述了戒酒的好處，由此可知，戒酒利大于弊，空處對上文進(jìn)行總結(jié)，F(xiàn)項“但利大于弊?！狈希蔬xF。
44. 上文“After my husband had gne upstairs t bed, my friend sat n ur sfa drinking an entire bttle f gin, cmplaining abut his fate, until he passed ut next t ur dg, whse bed that sfa was(在我丈夫上樓睡覺后，我的朋友坐在我們的沙發(fā)上喝了一整瓶杜松子酒，抱怨他的命運，后來他昏倒在我們的狗旁邊，那張沙發(fā)就是我們狗的床。)”描述作者朋友喝醉酒后躺在狗床上睡著了，下文“I didn’t have a drink the next night, r ever again since.(第二天晚上我沒有喝酒，從那以后我再也沒有喝過酒。)”指出作者從那以后戒酒了，由此可知，空處應(yīng)該是描述朋友喝酒對作者的影響，即讓作者戒酒了，E項“這是一個警鐘?！狈?，故選E。
45. 由上文“I’m nt ging t lie: being sber is nt a ht-air balln ride.(我不想撒謊：保持清醒不是坐熱氣球（讓人飄忽不定）。)”可知，空處承接上文，應(yīng)該指出不喝酒的感覺是什么樣的，C項“更像是在山里遠(yuǎn)足?！狈?，故選C。
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46. E 47. C 48. G 49. D 50. B
【解析】本文是一篇說明文。文章提供了使用庭院照明方面的建議。
46. 前文“Garden lights are extremely imprtant.（庭院燈是非常重要的。）”說明庭院燈的重要性，E項“They can make yur garden area safer and mre beautiful in n time.（它們可以立刻讓你的庭院更安全、更美麗。）”符合語境，解釋了重要的原因，承接前文。雖然A項“It is nt smething that shuld be taken lightly.（它不是可以掉以輕心的東西。）”語義上可以承接前文，但是其中的“It”無法指代前文的“Garden lights”，因此不合語境。故選E。
47. 前文“It wuld als help reduce the attractin t flies r insects.（這也有助于減少對蒼蠅或昆蟲的吸引力。）”提到用LED等可以減少蒼蠅或昆蟲，C項“It can be frustrating t see them taking ver the lighting.（看到它們借用照明是令人沮喪的。）”符合語境，說明燈下有蒼蠅或昆蟲的壞處，承接前文，其中的“them”指代前文的“flies r insects”。故選C。
48. 前文“By getting light shields, yu get t increase the prtectin f yur expensive utdr lights.（通過獲得遮光罩，你可以增加對昂貴的戶外燈的保護(hù)。）”指出用遮光罩的好處，G項“They als help ensure the lights d nt shine t bright in just ne spt.（它們還有助于確保燈光不會在一個地方太亮。）”符合語境，進(jìn)一步指出用遮光罩的好處，承接前文，其中的“They”指代前文的“l(fā)ight shields”。故選G。
49. 前文“When it cmes t using garden lights, lcatin is everything.（使用庭院燈時，位置就是一切。）”指出位置的重要性，D項“Place them in the crrect psitin t wrk and last a lng time.（放置在正確的位置才能工作，延長使用壽命。）”符合語境，解釋位置重要的原因，承接前文，其中的“them”指代前文的“garden lights”。故選D。
50. 后文“Yu have n excuse nt t get them serviced.（你沒有理由不去保養(yǎng)它們。）”指出有理由保養(yǎng)庭院燈，B項“Unexpected elements will cause damage t the lights.（意想不到的因素會損壞燈。）”符合語境，指出庭院燈可能會損壞，自然引出后文的保養(yǎng)，后文的“them”指代其中的“the lights”。故選B。
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51. G 52. E 53. F 54. B 55. D
【解析】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了什么是食物過敏、過敏的癥狀以及如何預(yù)防食物過敏。
51. 空后說“That’s because they accunt fr arund 90 per cent f fd allergies in the cuntry. And they are the nes mst likely t cause a severe reactin. This grup cnsists f eggs, milk, peanuts, fish, tree nuts and wheat.(這是因為它們占了全國食物過敏的90%左右。它們是最有可能引起嚴(yán)重反應(yīng)的。這類食物包括雞蛋、牛奶、花生、魚、堅果和小麥。)”，這介紹的是一些過敏原，G選項“Certain fds are cnsidered pririty allergens by Health Canada(加拿大衛(wèi)生部認(rèn)為某些食物是優(yōu)先過敏原)”說明某些食物是優(yōu)先過敏原，因此引起下文，符合語境，故選G。
52. 空后說“If yu experience an extreme reactin, seek medical help immediately.(如果你經(jīng)歷了極端的反應(yīng)，立即尋求醫(yī)療幫助。)”，這說明的是如何應(yīng)對食物過敏，E選項“The best way t handle a fd allergy is t avid such fds(應(yīng)對食物過敏的最好方法就是避免吃這些食物)”說明應(yīng)對食物過敏的最好方法就是避免吃這些食物，因此引起下文，符合語境，故選E。
53. 空前說“Symptms can include: a skin rash r hives, swelling f the face r lips, r feeling lightheaded r dizzy.(癥狀可能包括：皮疹或蕁麻疹，面部或嘴唇腫脹，或感到頭暈或頭暈。)”，這說明的是食物過敏的一些癥狀，空后說“That can send the bdy int shck r make it difficult t breathe.(這會使身體休克或呼吸困難。)”，說明空格處也應(yīng)該介紹某種癥狀，且是會使身體休克或呼吸困難的癥狀，F(xiàn)選項“Fr sme peple, certain allergens can bring a severe reactin(對一些人來說，某些過敏原會帶來嚴(yán)重的反應(yīng))”說明了過敏原會帶來嚴(yán)重的反應(yīng)，和后文它會使身體休克或呼吸困難相呼應(yīng)，因此承上啟下，符合語境，故選F。
54. 空后說“The nly sure way t prevent an allergic reactin t fd is t carefully avid the allergens.(防止食物過敏反應(yīng)的唯一可靠方法是小心避免接觸過敏原。)”，因此本段主要講的是怎么避免食物過敏，B選項“Preventing an allergic reactin(預(yù)防過敏反應(yīng))”概括了本段主要內(nèi)容，可作為主題句，故選B。
55. 空后說“S it’s necessary t infrm family r friends f the fd that can cause a fd allergy.(因此，有必要告訴家人或朋友可能導(dǎo)致食物過敏的食物。)”，說明有人可能不知道食物過敏是很嚴(yán)重的，D選項“Many peple d nt understand the severity f the issue(許多人不了解這個問題的嚴(yán)重性)”說明許多人不了解這個問題的嚴(yán)重性，因此引起下文，符合語境，故選D。
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56. D 57. A 58. E 59. G 60. B
【解析】本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹的是一些關(guān)于如何利用水的治療力量的建議
56. 根據(jù)空前的“Nwadays, many f us are finding urselves tired ut, struggling t build balance back int ur lives.(如今，我們中的許多人都發(fā)現(xiàn)自己疲憊不堪，努力恢復(fù)生活的平衡)”可知，當(dāng)前，很多人處于疲憊狀態(tài)，在努力地建立生活中的平衡，根據(jù)空后的“Spending time near ceans, lakes, rivers and ther bule spaces can prvide a range f benefits including reducing anxiety, easing mental tiredness and refreshing us.(在海洋、湖泊、河流和其他藍(lán)色空間附近度過一段時間可以帶來一系列好處，包括減少焦慮、緩解精神疲勞和讓我們精神煥發(fā))”可知，與水相關(guān)的環(huán)境在一起一段時間會有很大幫助，由此可推斷，此空處應(yīng)是承上啟下的作用，指出水可以幫助我們緩解疲憊。D選項“Accrding t researchers, water can help us.(據(jù)研究人員稱，水可以幫助我們)”符合題意。故選D項。
57. 根據(jù)分析語篇可知，此處應(yīng)為本段的主題句，應(yīng)為祈使句，根據(jù)空后的“Yu likely have sme water clse by, even if it is just a pnd alngside the rad. Start there. Then get ut t water yu can visit n the weekend r a vacatin. Urban water cunts—rivers, canals and funtains.(你附近可能有一些水，即使它只是路邊的一個池塘。從這里開始。然后到你可以在周末或假期參觀的水里去。城市用水——河流、運河和噴泉)”可知，該段講述的只要是有水的地方就可以，無論是哪里的水，A選項“Remember that all water cunts.(記住，所有的水都可以)”符合題意，概括了本段的主題。故選A項。
58. 根據(jù)上題分析的內(nèi)容，本段講述的是無論哪里的水都很重要，由此可知，此空處講述的內(nèi)容與此相關(guān)，根據(jù)空前的“Then get ut t water yu can visit n the weekend r a vacatin. Urban water cunts—rivers, canals and funtains.(然后到你可以在周末或假期參觀的水里去。城市用水——河流、運河和噴泉)”可知，此處講述的是在周末時間去接觸外界的水，E選項“S des dmestic water-in pls, bathtubs, even by fish tanks.(家庭水池、浴缸，甚至魚缸也是如此)”講述的內(nèi)容是家里的水也很重要，與本段主題相符，且內(nèi)容一致。故選E項。
59. 根據(jù)本段主題句“G ften.”可知，該段建議人們經(jīng)常接觸水，與時間相關(guān)，根據(jù)空后的“But an envirnmental psychlgist fund that spending a similar amunt f time near water has the same benefits.(但一位環(huán)境心理學(xué)家發(fā)現(xiàn)，在水附近呆同樣長的時間也有同樣的好處)”可知，在水附近花費類似的時間有一樣的好處，根據(jù)but可知，此空處的內(nèi)容與空后內(nèi)容為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，G選項“It takes at least tw hurs a week in nature t imprve ur well-being.(我們每周至少要花兩個小時在大自然中才能改善我們的健康)”可知，每周在大自然中待至少兩個小時會改善健康，與空后的“在水邊花費相似的時間”以及“起到一樣的效果”意義相符。故選G項。
60. 根據(jù)本段的主題句“Listen.”以及空前的“Make an audi recrding f yur favrite water.(錄制您最喜歡的水的錄音)”可知，本段講述的是聽水聲對身體健康是有用的，空前講述的是錄制一段最喜歡的水的錄音，由此可知，此空處應(yīng)是這樣做的效果，B選項“It will bring back happy memries.(它會帶回快樂的回憶)”符合題意，承接空前內(nèi)容。故選B項。
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61. B 62. F 63. D 64. G 65. E
【解析】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了成為一名科學(xué)家的一些注意事項。
61. 前文“T becme a scientist, yu need a cllege degree and varius prfessinal skills.（要成為一名科學(xué)家，你需要一個大學(xué)學(xué)位和各種專業(yè)技能。）”提到成為科學(xué)家需要學(xué)位和技能，后文的段落具體介紹成為一名科學(xué)家需要注意的詳細(xì)情況，B項“Next, yu will have detailed infrmatin.（接下來，您將獲得詳細(xì)信息。）”符合語境，引出詳細(xì)信息，承上啟下。故選B。
62. 后文“Of curse, they als have different specific wrk respnsibilities. If yu want t be a scientist in a certain field, yu need t cntinue t have a deep understanding f prfessinal wrk respnsibilities.（當(dāng)然，他們也有不同的具體工作職責(zé)。如果你想成為某一領(lǐng)域的科學(xué)家，你需要繼續(xù)對專業(yè)工作職責(zé)有深刻的理解。）”提到不同領(lǐng)域的科學(xué)家的職責(zé)，建議對這些職責(zé)有深刻理解，F(xiàn)項“Scientists in different fields may specialize in different subjects.（不同領(lǐng)域的科學(xué)家可能專攻不同的學(xué)科。）”符合語境，說明科學(xué)家專攻不同的學(xué)科，引出后文的不同工作職責(zé)，后文的“als”是對選項內(nèi)容的延伸。故選F。
63. 空處位于段首，是段落主旨句，需概括段落內(nèi)容。后文“The influence f every prfessin is duble-sided. As a scientist, it may bring yu sme achievements and benefits, but it als has sme prfessinal disadvantages. S befre yu want t be a scientist, yu shuld have a detailed understanding f the advantages and disadvantages f scientists.（任何職業(yè)的影響都是雙面的。作為一名科學(xué)家，它可能會給你帶來一些成就和好處，但它也有一些專業(yè)上的缺點。所以在你想成為一名科學(xué)家之前，你應(yīng)該對科學(xué)家的優(yōu)點和缺點有一個詳細(xì)的了解。）”說明科學(xué)家的職業(yè)有利有弊，建議要考慮利弊，D項“Think abut whether it is wrthwhile t be a scientist.（想想當(dāng)科學(xué)家是否值得。）”符合語境，建議思考是否值得，可統(tǒng)領(lǐng)段落內(nèi)容。故選D。
64. 前文“G thrugh cllege.（讀完大學(xué)。）”建議讀完大學(xué)，后文“Overall studying is imprtant t becme a prfessinal scientist.（全面學(xué)習(xí)對成為一名專業(yè)科學(xué)家很重要。）”說明大學(xué)的全面學(xué)習(xí)的重要性，G項“Systematic learning in university is the basis f becming a scientist.（大學(xué)里系統(tǒng)的學(xué)習(xí)是成為科學(xué)家的基礎(chǔ)。）”符合語境，承上啟下。故選G。
65. 前文“Try t find part-time jbs during the university perid. In this way, yu can btain real wrk experience while studying, which is very valuable fr yu and will definitely be helpful fr yur real career in the future.（在大學(xué)期間盡量找些兼職工作。這樣，你可以在學(xué)習(xí)的同時獲得真正的工作經(jīng)驗，這對你來說是非常寶貴的，對你未來的真正的職業(yè)生涯肯定會有幫助。）”說明要去找兼職工作，積累經(jīng)驗，E項“Yu can find such chances thrugh special part-time websites.（你可以通過專門的兼職網(wǎng)站找到這樣的機會。）”符合語境，介紹找兼職工作的途徑，承接前文。故選E。
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66. F 67. C 68. D 69. B 70. E
【解析】本文是一篇說明文。文章從管理者的角度介紹了能讓求職者輕松找到工作應(yīng)具備的5種素質(zhì)。
66. 根據(jù)本段小標(biāo)題Dependability (要可靠)及空前“Emplyees that can be relied n arrive at the ffice n time and put up cnsistent effrt in all tasks. (星的員工會準(zhǔn)時達(dá)辦公至,并在所有的開務(wù)中做土-的努力)”，并結(jié)合空后“A dependable emplyee is given these tasks when an emplyer has a prject r jb that must be finished in a certain perid f time and t a certain standard. (當(dāng)雇主有一個項目或工作,必須在一定的時間內(nèi)完成并達(dá)到一定的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)時，一個可靠的員工就會被賦予這些任務(wù)。)”可知，關(guān)鍵詞these tasks應(yīng)在前文有所指示，F(xiàn)選項“Emplyers have faith in their ability t cmplete the duties arranged fr them(雇主相信他們有能力完成安排給他們的任務(wù))”符合上下文語境，故選F項。
67. 根據(jù)空前“Any rganizatin can benefit frm having emplyees wh can make their wn decisins and act quickly.(任何組織都可以從擁有能夠做出自己的決定并迅速采取行動的員工中受益。)”及空后“Therefre, they need candidates wh are nt hesitant t take decisive actin. (因此，他們需要毫不猶豫地采取果斷行動的候選人。)”中的therefre可知本句應(yīng)與空處構(gòu)成因果關(guān)系，選項C“Emplyers cannt take part in every small decisin(雇主不能參與每一個小決定)”與上下文一致，且為因果關(guān)系，故選C項。
68. 本段小標(biāo)題為“Adaptability(適應(yīng)能力)”，根據(jù)行文要求，應(yīng)能概括后文展開的內(nèi)容。根據(jù)空后三句“Being adaptable fcuses mre n lng-term changes that culd have a large impact n a wrkplace. Yu are able t rapidly adapt t any changes, even when psitins are ruled ut r a firm significantly changes its visin. Adaptable emplyees wrk mre effectively with custmers, clients and their team members.(適應(yīng)性強更側(cè)重于可能對工作場所產(chǎn)生重大影響的長期變化。您能夠快速適應(yīng)任何變化，即使頭寸被排除或公司的愿景發(fā)生了重大變化。適應(yīng)性強的員工可以更有效地與客戶、客戶及其團隊成員合作。)”，D項“Yur ability fr adaptatin is hw well yu handle changes(你的適應(yīng)能力是你處理變化的能力)”最能概括本段大意，與山下文一致，故選D項。
69. 根據(jù)設(shè)空位置可知為小標(biāo)題，結(jié)合本段內(nèi)容“Management can trust independent wrkers t accmplish their respnsibilities well and can be left alne t d s. Althugh many emplyers want wrkers wh can wrk tgether well and cmmunicate effectively, being independent enables an individual t d tasks n his/her wn withut relying n thers. The value f independent wrk depends n hw well the persn manages their time, jins in critical thught and slves prblems.( (管理層可以信任獨立的工人能夠很好地完成他們的職責(zé)，并且可以讓他們獨自完成。盡管許多雇主希望工人能夠很好地合作和有效地溝通，但獨立使一個人能夠不依賴他人而自己完成任務(wù)。獨立工作的價值取決于這個人如何管理自己的時間，加入批判性思考，并解決問題)”可知本段主旨為獨立工作，與B項“Independent Thinker(獨立思考者)”上下文一致，故選B項。
70. 本段小標(biāo)題為“Team Plaver (團隊精神)”，根據(jù)空前“The ability t wrk tgether effectively with thers is a basic cmpnent f almst any emplyment. (與他人有效合作的能力是幾乎所有就業(yè)的基本組成部分)”與空后“Even if sme jbs need yu t wrk alne, a team-riented attitude shws that yu are wrking tward a greater gal and value the grup effrts f yur c-wrkers. (即使有些工作需要你獨自工作，以團隊為導(dǎo)向的態(tài)度表明你正在朝著更大的目標(biāo)努力，并重視同事的團隊努力。)”可知團隊合作非常重要，并且是找工作必備的能力之一，與E項“Emplyers place a high value n the ability t perate well in a team(雇主高度重視在團隊中良好運作的能力)”上下文一致，故選E項。
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71. F 72. A 73. B 74. E 75. G
【解析】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講的是作者從事廣告行業(yè)8年了，加班熬夜做了無數(shù)項目，但他一直沒有時間做自己真正想做的個人項目。有一天他受到一個演講的啟發(fā)，開始自己的項目“每天一秒鐘”來記錄每一天的生活。
71. 根據(jù)上文的“I’ve been in advertising fr eight years and used t wrk a lt f late nights and weekends fr numerus prjects.(我在廣告業(yè)干了8年，曾經(jīng)為了很多項目工作到深夜和周末)”和下文的“I need t take time t start my wn creative ideas.(我需要時間來開始我自己的創(chuàng)意)”可知，作者在工作中加班熬夜做了無數(shù)項目，看到一個演講后決定開始做屬于自己的項目，故空處內(nèi)容應(yīng)與沒有做過個人想做的項目有關(guān)。F項“But I never had time fr ne I wanted t wrk n n my wn.(但我從來沒有時間做一個我想自己做的項目)”與上文構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折，選項中的ne表示“ne prject”，因此F選項承上啟下，符合語境。故選F。
72. 上文“One day I watched a talk called “The pwer f time ff”. It’s abut hw every seven years, the speaker takes a year ff frm wrk s he can d his wn creative prjects.(有一天，我看了一個名為“休息時間的力量”的演講。這是關(guān)于每七年，演講者如何從工作中請假一年，這樣他就可以做自己的創(chuàng)意項目)”提到作者看到一個演講，介紹了演講者每過七年，就拿出一年時間來做自己的富有創(chuàng)造力的項目，下文“I decided I had t d that. I need t take time t start my wn creative ideas.(我決定我必須這么做。我需要時間來開始我自己的創(chuàng)意)”講到作者決定也要這么做，開始自己的富有創(chuàng)造力的想法，說明這個演講啟發(fā)了作者，A項“It instantly inspired me.(它立刻啟發(fā)了我)”中的It指代前面的那個演講，說明了那個演講啟發(fā)了作者，因此承上啟下，符合語境。故選A。
73. 上文“Basically I recrd ne secnd f every day fr the rest f my life, cmbining these mments int ne single cntinuus vide until I can’t recrd them anymre.(基本上，在我的余生中，我每天都會錄下一秒鐘，把這些時刻組合成一個連續(xù)的視頻，直到我再也錄不下來。)”提到作者每天錄一秒鐘的視頻，將這些一秒鐘的視頻拼接成一段連續(xù)的視頻，直到他沒有能力再錄制為止，下文“There’re many things I have n recllectin f unless smene brings them up(有很多事我都不記得了，除非有人提起)”講到有很多作者之前做過的事情，他都想不起來了，故空處內(nèi)容應(yīng)仍與作者錄制視頻有關(guān)，且涉及記住過去的事。B項“The purpse is t remember what I’ve dne.(目的是幫助我記住做過的事)”說明了這個項目幫助作者記住做過的事情，因此承上啟下，符合語境。故選B。
74. 下文“On a gd day, I’ll have maybe fur secnds I want t chse. I’ll just have t narrw them dwn t ne, but even narrw them dwn t that ne allws me t remember the ther three anyway.(在美好的一天，我大概有四秒鐘的時間可以選擇。我只需要把它們縮小到一個，但即使縮小到一個也能讓我記住其他三個)”講到在美好的一天里，作者想要多錄制三秒鐘，他只是把它們壓縮到一秒鐘，但是即使壓縮到了只有一秒鐘，也足以讓他記住其他三秒鐘，說明作者有時只能選擇一秒鐘，E項“It’s difficult, smetimes, t pick that ne secnd.(有時候只能選擇一秒鐘很難)”是對下文內(nèi)容的總結(jié)，說明只能選擇一秒很難，因此引起下文，符合語境。故選E。
75. 空前說“I dn’t use any filters (濾鏡), just trying t catch the mment as much as pssible as it is. I started a rule f the first persn view. Early n, I thught I shuld have a cuple f vides where peple wuld see me, but I realized that wasn’t the way t g.(我沒有使用任何濾鏡，只是盡可能地捕捉那一刻。我開始了第一人稱視角的規(guī)則。早些時候，我想我應(yīng)該有幾個視頻，讓人們看到我，但我意識到這不是我要走的路)”，說明這不是作者想要的，因此空格處應(yīng)該說作者真正想要的是什么，G項“The essence f my prject shuld be recrding the thing as I actually see it.(我的項目的本質(zhì)應(yīng)該是記錄我實際看到的東西)”說明了作者的項目的本質(zhì)，因此承接上文，符合語境。故選G。

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