2024年7月
本試卷共10頁，共100分?？荚嚂r(shí)長90分鐘?？忌鷦?wù)必將答案答在答題卡上，在試卷上作答無效?？荚嚱Y(jié)束后，請(qǐng)將答題卡交回。
第一部分：知識(shí)運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，30分)
第一節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分，共15分)
閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。
Reagan, a bk lver, lked up frm his reading as the bell rang ver the entrance t the bkstre. Puzzled, he watched fr a minute as Darya ___1___ tward the cunter (柜臺(tái)) as if t ask a questin. It didn’t make sense that Darya, ne f the schl’s tp athletes, was in a bkstre. Nt wanting t be nticed, Reagan ___2___ fund anther vlume t read. He wuldn’t knw what t say if she tried t start a cnversatin because he thught they tw were t different t have anything t ___3___.
“Hey, Reagan.” Her greeting ___4___ him, and his breath caught in his thrat as it became apparent he hadn’t escaped after all. “Maybe yu can help me.” He dubted it, but he managed t chke ut a reply. “Me?” “I’m trying t ___5___ a bk n sccer skills. I wn’t be able t g t camp ver spring break, and I need t imprve my game befre the next seasn begins.”
Reagan swallwed, then mtined randmly with his hands befre he fund his vice. “Sure. Over here.” He thught it wuld save cnfusin if he just ___6___ the way rather than try t pint her in the right directin. As she fllwed him thrugh the shelves, he dared t imagine they might nt be s ___7___ after all. He felt a brief flash f hpe, the sun shining suddenly where all had been gray. ___8___, ne f Darya’s teammates appeared as if ut f nwhere, urging her t finish any purchases, r they wuld be late fr practice. Sighing, Reagan realized nthing had really changed; the differences wuld never let them break dwn thse barriers, even if they s chse.
Instead, she turned t Reagan with a ___9___ smile, “Thanks fr yur help, and hey, maybe we culd play sccer smetime?” Surprised but pleased, Reagan’s heart leapt at the unexpected ____10____, a sign that perhaps the barriers were nt as insurmuntable (跨越) as he’d thught.
1. A. rushedB. walkedC. drveD. turned
2. A. apparentlyB. bviuslyC. quicklyD. finally
3. A. talk abutB. deal withC. carry utD. settle in
4. A. inspiredB. remindedC. attackedD. surprised
5 A. lcateB. figureC. gatherD. deliver
6. A. cntrlledB. ledC. designedD. made
7. A. particularB. uniqueC. differentD. determined
8. A. LuckilyB. ActuallyC. SlwlyD. Immediately
9. A. warmB. frcedC. crazyD. determined
10. A. cngratulatinB. invitatinC. electinD. frtune
第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分，共15分)
A
閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個(gè)恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。
As a five-year-ld girl, Lin Qiazhi was deeply affected by her mther’s death. At age 18, instead f fllwing the traditinal path f marriage like the majrity f girls, she ___11___ (chse) t study medicine. “Why shuld girls learn s much? ___12___ (find) a gd husband shuld be their final gal!” her brther cmplained, thinking f the high tuitin fees. She respnded, “I’d rather stay a single ___13___ (study) all my life!”
B
閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個(gè)恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。
In the afternn, I headed t a lcal museum that shwed the histrical changes in Califrnia. In 1848, gld was discvered near San Francisc, ___14___ started a gld rush. Over 300,000 peple came frm all ver the wrld t seek ___15___ (they) frtune, and San Francisc quickly became a big city. Many Chinese arrived during this perid. ___16___ (earn) a living, sme pened up shps and restaurants ___17___ Chinatwn. Many thers fund jbs n farms, jined the gld rush, r went t build the railway.
C
閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個(gè)恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。
Space explratin has already prmted technlgical imprvements that benefit us all. High-end prducts arund the wrld ___18___ (make) t a higher standard nw because f advanced technlgy. Fr example, space technlgies ___19___ (help) the research and develpment f different types f new material. They have als helped cmpanies make better heart mnitrs and ther machines that dctrs regularly use. Tday, space technlgies are ___20___ (wide) used in all kinds f industries.
第二部分：閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，38分)
第一節(jié)(共14小題;每小題2分，共28分)
閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。
A
British Science Week is happening in March. “Time” is this year’s theme. The mvement f planet Earth explains why we have different seasns ver the year and why we need time znes. Micrsecnd accuracy keeps ur cmputer systems ticking and helps glbal psitining satellites t prvide us with precise lcatin infrmatin. In fact, time is very necessary fr us and is key t s many STEM discveries. The week hpes t raise awareness and stimulate enthusiasm fr STEM subjects. There will be lts f events acrss the UK and many different ways fr yu t experience time.
Astrnmical Time
At The Ryal Observatry in Greenwich, Lndn, yu can explre the rigins f telling the time, and hw time-telling instruments have evlved. We’ll als find ut what slutins inventrs and innvatrs f the past came up with t measure time, help sailrs at sea, and standardize time—ensuring peple in and acrss cmmunities were using the same r similar time.
Making Time
The Museum f Timekeeping is hme t a fascinating cllectin f clcks, watches, and timepieces. Yu can have a guided tur f the museum galleries and listen t sme f the stries behind the artifacts. Yu can see the watch wrn by Captain Sctt n his ill-fated Antarctic expeditin f 1912 and get t hear the vice f the first Speaking Clck (a phne number yu culd call t find ut what time it was).
Passing f Time
Frmed ver ne millin years ag, Cheddar Grge is Britain’s biggest grge (deep, narrw valley). It is 137 meters deep and three miles lng. It was carved by meltwater flds, leaving behind mysterius caves. The mst famus is Gugh’s Cave, where Britain’s ldest cmplete skeletn, knwn as the Cheddar Man, which dates back ver 10,000 years and was discvered in 1903. Yu can fcus n hw ur ancestrs lived and understand the past.
21. Where can yu explre what methds have been prpsed t measure time?
A. The Ryal Observatry.B. Greenwich Park.C. Museum f Timekeeping.D. Cheddar Grge.
22. What can yu discver at the Museum f Timekeeping?
A. Instruments fr sea explratin.B. Clcks watches, and timepieces.
C. Sme music abut Antarctic expeditin.D. The Cheddar Man’s cllectin f artifacts.
23. What is the significance f Cheddar Grge?
A. It is the deepest grge in the wrld.B. It tells hw the caves were destryed.
C. It shws where the meltwater flds came frm.D. It prvides insight int hw ur ancestrs lived.
24. What is the main purpse f British Science Week?
A. T prvide turs at the Museum f Timekeeping.
B. T explre the histry f timekeeping instruments.
C. T highlight the gelgical histry f Cheddar Grge.
D. T prmte STEM subjects thrugh events related t the theme f “Time.”
B
It was the day f the big crss-cuntry run. Students frm seven different primary schls in and arund the small twn were warming up and walking the rute thrugh thick evergreen frest. I lked arund and finally sptted David, wh was standing by himself ff t the side by a fence. He was small fr ten years ld. His usual big tthy smile was absent tday. I walked ver and asked him why he wasn’t with the ther children. He hesitated and then said he had decided nt t run. What was wrng? He had wrked s hard fr this event!
I quickly searched the crwd fr the schl’s cach and asked him what had happened. “I was afraid that kids frm ther schls wuld laugh at him,” he explained uncmfrtably. “I gave him the chice t run r nt, and let him decide.” I bit back my frustratin (懊惱). I knew the cach meant well—he thught he was ding the right thing. After making sure that David culd run if he wanted, I turned t find him cming twards me, his small bdy rcking frm side t side as he swung his feet frward.
David had a brain disease which prevented him frm walking r running like ther children, but at schl his classmates thught f him as a regular kid. He always participated t the best f his ability in whatever they were ding. That was why nne f the children thught it unusual that David had decided t jin the crss-cuntry team. It just tk him lnger—that’s all. David had nt missed a single practice, and althugh he always finished his run lng after the ther children, he did always finish. As a special educatin teacher at the schl, I was familiar with the challenges David faced and was prud f his strng determinatin.
David mved up t the starting line with the ther runners. The race started. The rute seemed lng, especially fr a child with a brain disease. David insisted n running as if he had frgtten all his weaknesses. He tripped within the first few kilmeters but quickly picked himself up and cntinued. Classmates cheered, “Cme n! Yu can make it! We’re prud f yu!”
T everyne’s jy, he reached the finish line and ranked 20th. It wasn’t imprtant whether he wn first place. It was his brave heart and strng faith that made smething unusual happen.
25. Why did the cach ask David t make the decisin?
A The cach didn’t want David t get injured.B. The cach thught David was t weak t run.
C. The cach feared David wuld be made fun f.D. The cach believed David shuld fcus n his studies.
26. Hw did David’s classmates view him at schl?
A. They felt srry fr him.B. They saw him as a nrmal kid.
C. They ften played tricks n him.D. They prevented him frm activities.
27. What can we learn frm David’s stry?
A. He wn first place with ther’s help.
B. He was the mst mdest amng all the children.
C. His behavrs prved his heart disease was a prblem.
D. His determinatin and faith made the achievement special.
C
Space explratin has prduced valuable insights abut Earth, the slar system and beynd. Hwever, massive space activity ver the past few decades has led t unintended rbital debris (殘骸).
Every launch f satellites r rckets adds t the prblem, increasing the risk that negatively influences nt nly space missins but als future endeavrs. Since the 1957 launch f Sputnik-1, human activity in Earth’s rbit has caused significant distrtins in space, raising serius cncerns abut the debris left behind.
This ever-increasing threat can be best understd thrugh the Kessler syndrme in space. This phenmenn ccurs when bjects in lw Earth rbit (LEO) becme s crwded that they begin t hit each ther, creating mre debris and mre cllisins (碰撞), thus resulting in chain reactins f mergers and fissins. Many experts warn that LEO is mving twards Kessler’s syndrme.
Accidental cllisins in space als increase the rbital verlad, such as the 2009 cllisin between tw satellites, Ksms 2251 and Iridium 33. Such events have wrsened the rbital debris prblem and raised the prspect f disastrus space cnditins.
The need fr sustainable space activities and the reductin f space debris is being emphasized glbally t address the rising space pllutin. Therefre, gvernments have issued many regulatry measures, including active debris remval (ADR) technlgies r pllutin preventin, which are either planned, tested, r already carried ut t prtect bth existing spacecraft and nes set t be launched.
Besides regulatry measures, several mitigating methds are als used t reduce the rbital verlad. One such methd invlves causing a satellite t break dwn naturally by bringing it clser t Earth’s surface s it burns up in the atmsphere. This methd is cnsidered cst-effective because the defunct satellite can be pushed tward the Earth’s surface at a lwer altitude using a physical tl like a net r an air-bursting tl. Anther similar technlgy uses a harpn that is fired in the directin f the targeted spacecraft t capture it and direct it twards Earth in an active manner, causing the debris t derbit and plan atmspheric incineratin.
T reduce the lng-term risk f cllisins, the fcus needs t be n reducing the amunt f debris in the rbit. Internatinal cperatin and cntinued investment in debris reductin technlgies are carried ut t reduce the ptentially disastrus cnsequences f an vercrwded rbit.
28. What is the parimary cncern regarding rbital debris?
A. Its impact n weather patterns.B. Its impact n future space missins.
C. Its impact n satellite cmmunicatin.D. Its impact n natural atmspheric prcesses.
29. What des the underlined wrd “mitigating” in Paragraph 6 mst prbably mean?
A. Lessening.B. Wrsening.C. Curing.D. Strengthening.
30. What are sme regulatry and mitigatin measures t address space debris?
A. Frequent satellite launches.B. Mre space turism fr tax.
C. Active debris remval technlgies.D. Mre space telescpes fr mnitring.
31. What can we learn frm this passage?
A. There are n existing methds t reduce space debris.
B. Reducing space debris calls fr jint and further effrts.
C. The kessler syndrme is a minr cncern fr space missins.
D. Active debris remval (ADR) technlgies are the nly slutin t space debris.
D
An internatinal team f fssil (化石) hunters has discvered the remains f a “nursery” f prehistric sea creatures in China. The fssils date back t arund 518 millin years ag—a time knwn as the Cambrian Perid, when all life n Earth lived in the ceans. It is very rare t find s many fssils frm the Cambrian Perid in ne place.
The scientists, led by Xianfeng Yang frm Yunnan University, fund 2,846 fssils frm 118 different species at the site, near the city f Kunming. They include ancient ancestrs f mdern-day insects, shellfish and wrms, as well as extinct trilbites (三葉蟲). Seventeen f the species discvered are new t science, and mre than half f the fssils are yung animals.
This has led researchers t the cnclusin that the site was a srt f deep-sea nursery where cnditins were well suited fr yung creatures t grw. When the sea bed was cvered by sft mud (泥) these creatures’ remains were perfectly preserved, eventually creating a layer f fssil-rich rck.
Alngside hard bdy parts, like bnes and teeth, sft tissue was als preserved, which is especially imprtant when lking back t a perid when mst animals had sft bdies. Sme f the fssils are s well preserved that researchers have been able t spt bdy parts they’ve never seen befre.
One benefit f all the yung creatures fssils is that scientists will be able t learn hw the creatures changed as they aged. “We’ll see hw different bdy parts grew ver time,” explained researcher Julien Kimmig, frm Penn State University in the US, “which is smething we currently d nt knw abut fr mst f these grups.” What’s mre, Kimmig and his clleagues will be able t cmpare the creatures with living things tday. “We will see if hw these animals develp tday is similar t hw they develped 500 millin years ag, r if smething has changed thrughut time.”
32. What can we learn abut the fssils fund?
A. Half f them are extinct sea creatures.B. They are spread ut ver different sites.
C. Sme f them are previusly unknwn species.D. They belng t rare animals living in the ceans.
33 What kept the creatures’ remains frm being damaged?
A. They were prtected in rcks.B. They were buried in the deep sea.
C. The seaflr was cated with mud.D. The sea bed was in gd cnditin.
34. What d scientists want t learn frm the fssils?
A. The creatures’ age.B. Changes in the creatures’ grwth.
C. Similarities between these species grups.D. The creatures’ impact n living things tday.
第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2分，共10分)
根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的七個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。
Culture shck is the feeling f uncertainty, cnfusin, r anxiety that peple may get when they live in r visit anther cuntry that differs frm their wn. ______35______ It can undubtedly affect peple’s lives. The fllwing are sme ways t deal with culture shck.
Have a gd understanding f culture and culture shck. There are many factrs that make up a culture, including shared beliefs, traditins and mrals.______36______ It’s because they are surrunded by peple with the same beliefs and values, and cultural differences are nly clear when yu meet smene else’s culture.
Keep a jurnal(日記) f yur thughts._____37_____And yu are feeling a bit verwhelmed (不知所措的) with the culture there. Rather than giving in t yur anxiety, write it ut. Write dwn hw yu felt at the mment and what trubled yu r made yu happy that day. Yu can als put smething dwn if yu’re missing anyne frm yur hmetwn. ______38______Dn’t allw yurself t becme a recluse (隱居者) during this experience. Yu can share yur feelings and experiences with yur relatives and friends. If yu are studying abrad and have ther classmates wh have similar feelings, cnnect with them as well as with thse wh are adjusting a bit mre easily.
D sme things yu usually like. Dn’t allw the culture shck t ccupy yur mind. And try t d smething interesting t replace a range f negative emtins, including anxiety, sadness, anger, hmesickness, and smetimes even depressin._____39_____Or practice yur hbbies like reading and dancing.
A. Share yur culture.
B. Talk t thers abut yur experiences.
C. Try t step utside f yur wn culture.
D. Smetimes such a feeling can be very strng.
E. Yu can watch mvies r listen t music that yu enjy.
F. Many peple dn’t realize hw culture influences them.
G. Perhaps yu have recently mved t a new city r cuntry.
第三部分：書面表達(dá)(共兩節(jié)，32分)
第一節(jié)(共6小題;每小題2分，共12分)
根據(jù)中文和給出的英文提示詞語，完成下列英文句子。將答案寫在答題卡指定區(qū)域內(nèi)。
40. 唐人街是多元文化的一個(gè)重要組成部分。(Chinatwns, diverse culture)(漢譯英)
____________________________________________________________________________________________
41. 在那時(shí)候，來自中國的移民定居在這個(gè)地區(qū)。（immigrants, settle）（漢譯英）
____________________________________________________________________________________________
42. 作為醫(yī)生，我們必須對(duì)患者負(fù)責(zé)。(respnsible, patients)(漢譯英)
____________________________________________________________________________________________
43. 工作了幾年之后，林醫(yī)生被派往歐洲學(xué)習(xí)。(send, Eurpe)(漢譯英)
____________________________________________________________________________________________
44. 太空探索給世界帶來了種種好處。(explre space, benefits)(漢譯英)
____________________________________________________________________________________________
45. 在此之前，大部分人認(rèn)為在太空旅行是一個(gè)無法實(shí)現(xiàn)的夢(mèng)。(travelling int space, impssible dream)(漢譯英)
____________________________________________________________________________________________
第二節(jié)(20分)
46. 假設(shè)你是紅星中學(xué)李華，你的英國朋友Jim暑期想要來中國旅游，了解中國少數(shù)民族文化。請(qǐng)你給他寫一封電子郵件，幫他推薦一座城市，內(nèi)容包括：
1．你建議及理由;
2．你的祝愿。
注意：1．詞數(shù)100左右，開頭和結(jié)尾已經(jīng)給出，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù);
2．可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。
Dear Jim,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua
通州區(qū)2023—2024學(xué)年第二學(xué)期高一年級(jí)期末質(zhì)量檢測(cè)
英語試卷
2024年7月
本試卷共10頁，共100分。考試時(shí)長90分鐘?？忌鷦?wù)必將答案答在答題卡上，在試卷上作答無效?？荚嚱Y(jié)束后，請(qǐng)將答題卡交回。
第一部分：知識(shí)運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，30分)
第一節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分，共15分)
閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。
Reagan, a bk lver, lked up frm his reading as the bell rang ver the entrance t the bkstre. Puzzled, he watched fr a minute as Darya ___1___ tward the cunter (柜臺(tái)) as if t ask a questin. It didn’t make sense that Darya, ne f the schl’s tp athletes, was in a bkstre. Nt wanting t be nticed, Reagan ___2___ fund anther vlume t read. He wuldn’t knw what t say if she tried t start a cnversatin because he thught they tw were t different t have anything t ___3___.
“Hey, Reagan.” Her greeting ___4___ him, and his breath caught in his thrat as it became apparent he hadn’t escaped after all. “Maybe yu can help me.” He dubted it, but he managed t chke ut a reply. “Me?” “I’m trying t ___5___ a bk n sccer skills. I wn’t be able t g t camp ver spring break, and I need t imprve my game befre the next seasn begins.”
Reagan swallwed, then mtined randmly with his hands befre he fund his vice. “Sure. Over here.” He thught it wuld save cnfusin if he just ___6___ the way rather than try t pint her in the right directin. As she fllwed him thrugh the shelves, he dared t imagine they might nt be s ___7___ after all. He felt a brief flash f hpe, the sun shining suddenly where all had been gray. ___8___, ne f Darya’s teammates appeared as if ut f nwhere, urging her t finish any purchases, r they wuld be late fr practice. Sighing, Reagan realized nthing had really changed; the differences wuld never let them break dwn thse barriers, even if they s chse.
Instead, she turned t Reagan with a ___9___ smile, “Thanks fr yur help, and hey, maybe we culd play sccer smetime?” Surprised but pleased, Reagan’s heart leapt at the unexpected ____10____, a sign that perhaps the barriers were nt as insurmuntable (跨越) as he’d thught.
1. A. rushedB. walkedC. drveD. turned
2. A. apparentlyB. bviuslyC. quicklyD. finally
3. A. talk abutB. deal withC. carry utD. settle in
4. A. inspiredB. remindedC. attackedD. surprised
5. A. lcateB. figureC. gatherD. deliver
6. A. cntrlledB. ledC. designedD. made
7. A. particularB. uniqueC. differentD. determined
8. A. LuckilyB. ActuallyC. SlwlyD. Immediately
9. A. warmB. frcedC. crazyD. determined
10. A. cngratulatinB. invitatinC. electinD. frtune
【答案】1. B 2. C 3. A 4. D 5. A 6. B 7. C 8. D 9. A 10. B
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文，講述了Reagan在書店遇到學(xué)校頂尖運(yùn)動(dòng)員Darya，并幫助她找到一本關(guān)于足球技巧的書的故事。在這個(gè)過程中，Reagan意識(shí)到他們之間的差異并不是不可逾越的，Darya的邀請(qǐng)讓他感到驚喜，也讓他看到了打破壁壘的希望。
【1題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：他困惑地看著Darya走向柜臺(tái)，Darya好像要問一個(gè)問題。A. rushed匆忙；B. walked走；C. drve駕駛；D. turned轉(zhuǎn)身。根據(jù)下文“tward the cunter”可知，Darya走向柜臺(tái)，表示她在書店里走動(dòng)，故選B。
【2題詳解】
考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：Reagan不想被注意到，迅速找到了另一本書來讀。A. apparently顯然地；B. bviusly明顯地；C. quickly迅速地；D. finally最后。根據(jù)上文“Nt wanting t be nticed”可知，Reagan不想被注意到，所以他迅速找到了另一本書來讀，故選C。
【3題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：他不會(huì)知道該說什么，如果她試圖開始一個(gè)對(duì)話，因?yàn)樗J(rèn)為他們兩個(gè)太不同，沒有什么可談的。A. talk abut談?wù)?；B. deal with處理；C. carry ut執(zhí)行；D. settle in適應(yīng)（新工作、新學(xué)校等）。根據(jù)上文“he thught they tw were t different t have anything t”可知，Reagan認(rèn)為他和Darya太不同，沒有什么可談?wù)摰?，故選A。
【4題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：她的問候讓他感到驚訝，當(dāng)他意識(shí)到自己終究沒能逃脫時(shí)，他的呼吸卡在喉嚨里。A. inspired激勵(lì)；B. reminded提醒；C. attacked攻擊；D. surprised使驚訝。根據(jù)下文“as it became apparent he hadn’t escaped after all”可知，Darya的問候讓Reagan感到驚訝，因?yàn)樗詾樽约禾用摿?，沒想到會(huì)被注意到，故選D。
【5題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我正在找一本關(guān)于足球技巧書。A. lcate定位、找出……的準(zhǔn)確地點(diǎn)；B. figure計(jì)算；C. gather收集；D. deliver遞送。根據(jù)下文“a bk n sccer skills”可知，Darya在找一本關(guān)于足球技巧的書，所以需要找到這本書，故選A。
【6題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：他認(rèn)為如果他自己帶路，而不是試圖指引她正確的方向，這樣可以避免混淆。A. cntrlled控制；B. led帶領(lǐng)；C. designed設(shè)計(jì)；D. made制造。根據(jù)下文“rather than try t pint her in the right directin”可知，Reagan決定親自帶路，而不是僅僅指引方向，故選B。
【7題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)她跟著他穿過書架時(shí)，他敢想象他們可能并沒有那么不同。A. particular特別的；B. unique獨(dú)特的；C. different不同的；D. determined堅(jiān)定的。根據(jù)上文“because he thught they tw were t different”“he dared t imagine they might nt be s”以及下文“He felt a brief flash f hpe”可知，Reagan開始意識(shí)到他和Darya可能并沒有那么不同，故選C。
【8題詳解】
考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：立刻，Darya的一個(gè)隊(duì)友不知從哪里冒出來，催促她趕快結(jié)賬，否則他們會(huì)遲到練習(xí)。A. Luckily幸運(yùn)地；B. Actually實(shí)際上；C. Slwly慢慢地；D. Immediately立刻。根據(jù)下文“ne f Darya’s teammates appeared as if ut f nwhere”可知，Darya的隊(duì)友突然出現(xiàn)，催促她趕快結(jié)賬，所以是立刻出現(xiàn)的，故選D。
【9題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：相反，她轉(zhuǎn)過身來，帶著友好的微笑對(duì)Reagan說：“謝謝你的幫助，嘿，也許我們可以找個(gè)時(shí)間踢足球？”A. warm友好的、溫暖的；B. frced勉強(qiáng)的；C. crazy瘋狂的；D. determined堅(jiān)定的。根據(jù)下文“Thanks fr yur help, and hey, maybe we culd play sccer smetime?”可知，Darya帶著友好的微笑感謝Reagan，并提出一起踢足球的邀請(qǐng)，故選A。
【10題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：Reagan感到驚訝但高興，他的心因?yàn)橐馔獾难?qǐng)而跳動(dòng)，這是一個(gè)跡象，表明那些壁壘可能并不像他想象的那么不可逾越。A. cngratulatin祝賀；B. invitatin邀請(qǐng)；C. electin選舉；D. frtune財(cái)富。根據(jù)上文“Thanks fr yur help, and hey, maybe we culd play sccer smetime?”可知，此處說的是Darya的邀請(qǐng)，故選B。
第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分，共15分)
A
閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個(gè)恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。
As a five-year-ld girl, Lin Qiazhi was deeply affected by her mther’s death. At age 18, instead f fllwing the traditinal path f marriage like the majrity f girls, she ___11___ (chse) t study medicine. “Why shuld girls learn s much? ___12___ (find) a gd husband shuld be their final gal!” her brther cmplained, thinking f the high tuitin fees. She respnded, “I’d rather stay a single ___13___ (study) all my life!”
【答案】11. chse
12. Finding
13. t study
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章簡(jiǎn)要講述了著名醫(yī)生林巧稚受到母親的影響，沒有選擇走傳統(tǒng)的婚姻道路，而是不顧哥哥的反對(duì)，選擇了學(xué)醫(yī)的故事。
【11題詳解】
考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：18歲時(shí)，她沒有像大多數(shù)女孩一樣走傳統(tǒng)的婚姻道路，而是選擇了學(xué)醫(yī)。根據(jù)“At age 18”可知，本句為一般過去時(shí)。故填chse。
【12題詳解】
考查非謂語。句意：“為什么女孩要學(xué)這么多？”找到一個(gè)好丈夫應(yīng)該是她們的最終目標(biāo)!。動(dòng)名詞做主語，首字母大寫。故填Finding。
【13題詳解】
考查非謂語。句意：我寧愿一輩子單身也要學(xué)習(xí)！。不定式作目的狀語。故填t study。
B
閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個(gè)恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。
In the afternn, I headed t a lcal museum that shwed the histrical changes in Califrnia. In 1848, gld was discvered near San Francisc, ___14___ started a gld rush. Over 300,000 peple came frm all ver the wrld t seek ___15___ (they) frtune, and San Francisc quickly became a big city. Many Chinese arrived during this perid. ___16___ (earn) a living, sme pened up shps and restaurants ___17___ Chinatwn. Many thers fund jbs n farms, jined the gld rush, r went t build the railway.
【答案】14. which 15. their 16. T 17. in
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者去了當(dāng)?shù)氐牟┪镳^，了解了加利福尼亞州的歷史變遷。
【14題詳解】
考查定語從句。句意：1848年，在舊金山附近發(fā)現(xiàn)了黃金，開始了淘金熱。分析句式結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處是定語從句，先行詞是整個(gè)主句指物，且從句中缺少主語，所以用關(guān)系代詞which來引導(dǎo)。故填which。
【15題詳解】
考查物主代詞。句意：超過30萬人從世界各地來到這里尋求財(cái)富，舊金山迅速成為一個(gè)大城市。根據(jù)空格后的名詞frtune可知，修飾名詞應(yīng)該用形容詞性物主代詞，所以空格處應(yīng)該用提示詞的形容詞性物主代詞their作定語。故填their。
【16題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞不定式。句意：為了謀生，一些人在唐人街開了商店和餐館。分析句意可知，此處應(yīng)該用提示詞的動(dòng)詞不定式形式作目的狀語表示“為了謀生”。故填T。
【17題詳解】
考查介詞。句意：同上。根據(jù)空格后的Chinatwn可知，此處用介詞in表示“在”唐人街。故填in。
C
閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個(gè)恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。
Space explratin has already prmted technlgical imprvements that benefit us all. High-end prducts arund the wrld ___18___ (make) t a higher standard nw because f advanced technlgy. Fr example, space technlgies ___19___ (help) the research and develpment f different types f new material. They have als helped cmpanies make better heart mnitrs and ther machines that dctrs regularly use. Tday, space technlgies are ___20___ (wide) used in all kinds f industries.
【答案】18. are made
19. have helped
20. widely
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了太空探索對(duì)技術(shù)進(jìn)步的推動(dòng)作用，以及這些技術(shù)在各個(gè)行業(yè)的廣泛應(yīng)用。
【18題詳解】
考查被動(dòng)語態(tài)。句意：由于先進(jìn)的技術(shù)，世界各地的高端產(chǎn)品現(xiàn)在都以更高的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)制造。根據(jù)句意，高端產(chǎn)品是被制造出來的，所以應(yīng)該使用被動(dòng)語態(tài)。同時(shí)，根據(jù)上下文的時(shí)間狀語“nw”可知，此處應(yīng)該使用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)，主語是復(fù)數(shù)，be動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用are。故填are made。
【19題詳解】
考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：例如，太空技術(shù)已經(jīng)幫助研究和開發(fā)了不同類型的新材料。根據(jù)下文“They have als helped cmpanies make better heart mnitrs and ther machines that dctrs regularly use(他們也幫助公司制造了更好的心臟監(jiān)測(cè)器和其他醫(yī)生經(jīng)常使用的機(jī)器)”可知，太空技術(shù)對(duì)新材料的研究和開發(fā)起到了幫助作用，且這種幫助作用是從過去開始，一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的，所以應(yīng)該使用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，主語是復(fù)數(shù)，助動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用have。故填have helped。
【20題詳解】
考查副詞。句意：今天，太空技術(shù)廣泛應(yīng)用于各種行業(yè)。根據(jù)句意，此處需要一個(gè)副詞作狀語來修飾動(dòng)詞used，表示“廣泛地”。故填widely。
第二部分：閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，38分)
第一節(jié)(共14小題;每小題2分，共28分)
閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。
A
British Science Week is happening in March. “Time” is this year’s theme. The mvement f planet Earth explains why we have different seasns ver the year and why we need time znes. Micrsecnd accuracy keeps ur cmputer systems ticking and helps glbal psitining satellites t prvide us with precise lcatin infrmatin. In fact, time is very necessary fr us and is key t s many STEM discveries. The week hpes t raise awareness and stimulate enthusiasm fr STEM subjects. There will be lts f events acrss the UK and many different ways fr yu t experience time.
Astrnmical Time
At The Ryal Observatry in Greenwich, Lndn, yu can explre the rigins f telling the time, and hw time-telling instruments have evlved. We’ll als find ut what slutins inventrs and innvatrs f the past came up with t measure time, help sailrs at sea, and standardize time—ensuring peple in and acrss cmmunities were using the same r similar time.
Making Time
The Museum f Timekeeping is hme t a fascinating cllectin f clcks, watches, and timepieces. Yu can have a guided tur f the museum galleries and listen t sme f the stries behind the artifacts. Yu can see the watch wrn by Captain Sctt n his ill-fated Antarctic expeditin f 1912 and get t hear the vice f the first Speaking Clck (a phne number yu culd call t find ut what time it was).
Passing f Time
Frmed ver ne millin years ag, Cheddar Grge is Britain’s biggest grge (deep, narrw valley). It is 137 meters deep and three miles lng. It was carved by meltwater flds, leaving behind mysterius caves. The mst famus is Gugh’s Cave, where Britain’s ldest cmplete skeletn, knwn as the Cheddar Man, which dates back ver 10,000 years and was discvered in 1903. Yu can fcus n hw ur ancestrs lived and understand the past.
21. Where can yu explre what methds have been prpsed t measure time?
A. The Ryal Observatry.B. Greenwich Park.C. Museum f Timekeeping.D. Cheddar Grge.
22. What can yu discver at the Museum f Timekeeping?
A. Instruments fr sea explratin.B. Clcks, watches, and timepieces.
C. Sme music abut Antarctic expeditin.D. The Cheddar Man’s cllectin f artifacts.
23. What is the significance f Cheddar Grge?
A. It is the deepest grge in the wrld.B. It tells hw the caves were destryed.
C. It shws where the meltwater flds came frm.D. It prvides insight int hw ur ancestrs lived.
24. What is the main purpse f British Science Week?
A. T prvide turs at the Museum f Timekeeping.
B. T explre the histry f timekeeping instruments.
C. T highlight the gelgical histry f Cheddar Grge.
D. T prmte STEM subjects thrugh events related t the theme f “Time.”
【答案】21. A 22. B 23. D 24. D
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文，主要介紹了英國科學(xué)周的主題為“時(shí)間”，并介紹了一些相關(guān)的活動(dòng)和地點(diǎn)，以及這些地點(diǎn)的特色和意義。
【21題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“At The Ryal Observatry in Greenwich, Lndn, yu can explre the rigins f telling the time, and hw time-telling instruments have evlved.”（在倫敦的格林威治皇家天文臺(tái)，你可以探索計(jì)時(shí)的起源，以及計(jì)時(shí)工具是如何發(fā)展的。）可知，你可以在皇家天文臺(tái)探索如何測(cè)量時(shí)間的方法，故選A。
【22題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段“The Museum f Timekeeping is hme t a fascinating cllectin f clcks, watches, and timepieces.”（時(shí)間博物館收藏了許多引人入勝的鐘表和計(jì)時(shí)器。）可知，你可以在時(shí)間博物館發(fā)現(xiàn)鐘表和計(jì)時(shí)器，故選B。
【23題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段“Yu can fcus n hw ur ancestrs lived and understand the past.”（你可以關(guān)注我們的祖先是如何生活的，理解過去。）可知，切達(dá)峽谷能讓我們了解我們祖先的生活方式，故選D。
【24題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段“The week hpes t raise awareness and stimulate enthusiasm fr STEM subjects.”（這個(gè)星期希望提高人們對(duì)STEM科目的認(rèn)識(shí)，激發(fā)他們對(duì)STEM科目的熱情。）可知，英國科學(xué)周的主要目的是通過與“時(shí)間”主題相關(guān)的活動(dòng)來推廣STEM科目，故選D。
B
It was the day f the big crss-cuntry run. Students frm seven different primary schls in and arund the small twn were warming up and walking the rute thrugh thick evergreen frest. I lked arund and finally sptted David, wh was standing by himself ff t the side by a fence. He was small fr ten years ld. His usual big tthy smile was absent tday. I walked ver and asked him why he wasn’t with the ther children. He hesitated and then said he had decided nt t run. What was wrng? He had wrked s hard fr this event!
I quickly searched the crwd fr the schl’s cach and asked him what had happened. “I was afraid that kids frm ther schls wuld laugh at him,” he explained uncmfrtably. “I gave him the chice t run r nt, and let him decide.” I bit back my frustratin (懊惱). I knew the cach meant well—he thught he was ding the right thing. After making sure that David culd run if he wanted, I turned t find him cming twards me, his small bdy rcking frm side t side as he swung his feet frward.
David had a brain disease which prevented him frm walking r running like ther children, but at schl his classmates thught f him as a regular kid. He always participated t the best f his ability in whatever they were ding. That was why nne f the children thught it unusual that David had decided t jin the crss-cuntry team. It just tk him lnger—that’s all. David had nt missed a single practice, and althugh he always finished his run lng after the ther children, he did always finish. As a special educatin teacher at the schl, I was familiar with the challenges David faced and was prud f his strng determinatin.
David mved up t the starting line with the ther runners. The race started. The rute seemed lng, especially fr a child with a brain disease. David insisted n running as if he had frgtten all his weaknesses. He tripped within the first few kilmeters but quickly picked himself up and cntinued. Classmates cheered, “Cme n! Yu can make it! We’re prud f yu!”
T everyne’s jy, he reached the finish line and ranked 20th. It wasn’t imprtant whether he wn first place. It was his brave heart and strng faith that made smething unusual happen.
25. Why did the cach ask David t make the decisin?
A. The cach didn’t want David t get injured.B. The cach thught David was t weak t run.
C. The cach feared David wuld be made fun f.D. The cach believed David shuld fcus n his studies.
26. Hw did David’s classmates view him at schl?
A. They felt srry fr him.B. They saw him as a nrmal kid.
C. They ften played tricks n him.D. They prevented him frm activities.
27. What can we learn frm David’s stry?
A. He wn first place with ther’s help.
B. He was the mst mdest amng all the children.
C. His behavrs prved his heart disease was a prblem.
D. His determinatin and faith made the achievement special.
【答案】25. C 26. B 27. D
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文，講述了患有腦疾的大衛(wèi)參加越野跑比賽的故事。盡管大衛(wèi)的身體狀況不佳，但他的決心和信念使他完成了比賽，贏得了同學(xué)們的尊重和贊揚(yáng)。
【25題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段““I was afraid that kids frm ther schls wuld laugh at him,” he explained uncmfrtably. “I gave him the chice t run r nt, and let him decide.”(他不舒服地解釋說：“我擔(dān)心其他學(xué)校的孩子會(huì)嘲笑他。我給了他選擇是否跑步的機(jī)會(huì)，讓他自己決定)”可知，教練讓大衛(wèi)自己做決定是因?yàn)樗麚?dān)心大衛(wèi)會(huì)受到其他孩子的嘲笑，故選C。
【26題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“David had a brain disease which prevented him frm walking r running like ther children, but at schl his classmates thught f him as a regular kid.(大衛(wèi)患有腦疾，這使他無法像其他孩子一樣走路或跑步，但在學(xué)校，他的同學(xué)們把他當(dāng)作一個(gè)普通的孩子)”可知，大衛(wèi)的同學(xué)們?cè)趯W(xué)校把他看作一個(gè)正常的孩子，故選B。
【27題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“It wasn’t imprtant whether he wn first place. It was his brave heart and strng faith that made smething unusual happen.(他是否贏得第一名并不重要。是他勇敢的心和堅(jiān)定的信念讓一些不尋常的事情發(fā)生了)”可知，大衛(wèi)的決心和信念使他的成就變得特別，故選D。
C
Space explratin has prduced valuable insights abut Earth, the slar system and beynd. Hwever, massive space activity ver the past few decades has led t unintended rbital debris (殘骸).
Every launch f satellites r rckets adds t the prblem, increasing the risk that negatively influences nt nly space missins but als future endeavrs. Since the 1957 launch f Sputnik-1, human activity in Earth’s rbit has caused significant distrtins in space, raising serius cncerns abut the debris left behind.
This ever-increasing threat can be best understd thrugh the Kessler syndrme in space. This phenmenn ccurs when bjects in lw Earth rbit (LEO) becme s crwded that they begin t hit each ther, creating mre debris and mre cllisins (碰撞), thus resulting in chain reactins f mergers and fissins. Many experts warn that LEO is mving twards Kessler’s syndrme.
Accidental cllisins in space als increase the rbital verlad, such as the 2009 cllisin between tw satellites, Ksms 2251 and Iridium 33. Such events have wrsened the rbital debris prblem and raised the prspect f disastrus space cnditins.
The need fr sustainable space activities and the reductin f space debris is being emphasized glbally t address the rising space pllutin. Therefre, gvernments have issued many regulatry measures, including active debris remval (ADR) technlgies r pllutin preventin, which are either planned, tested, r already carried ut t prtect bth existing spacecraft and nes set t be launched.
Besides regulatry measures, several mitigating methds are als used t reduce the rbital verlad. One such methd invlves causing a satellite t break dwn naturally by bringing it clser t Earth’s surface s it burns up in the atmsphere. This methd is cnsidered cst-effective because the defunct satellite can be pushed tward the Earth’s surface at a lwer altitude using a physical tl like a net r an air-bursting tl. Anther similar technlgy uses a harpn that is fired in the directin f the targeted spacecraft t capture it and direct it twards Earth in an active manner, causing the debris t derbit and plan atmspheric incineratin.
T reduce the lng-term risk f cllisins, the fcus needs t be n reducing the amunt f debris in the rbit. Internatinal cperatin and cntinued investment in debris reductin technlgies are carried ut t reduce the ptentially disastrus cnsequences f an vercrwded rbit.
28. What is the parimary cncern regarding rbital debris?
A. Its impact n weather patterns.B. Its impact n future space missins.
C. Its impact n satellite cmmunicatin.D. Its impact n natural atmspheric prcesses.
29. What des the underlined wrd “mitigating” in Paragraph 6 mst prbably mean?
A. Lessening.B. Wrsening.C. Curing.D. Strengthening.
30. What are sme regulatry and mitigatin measures t address space debris?
A. Frequent satellite launches.B. Mre space turism fr tax.
C. Active debris remval technlgies.D. Mre space telescpes fr mnitring.
31. What can we learn frm this passage?
A. There are n existing methds t reduce space debris.
B. Reducing space debris calls fr jint and further effrts.
C. The kessler syndrme is a minr cncern fr space missins.
D. Active debris remval (ADR) technlgies are the nly slutin t space debris.
【答案】28. B 29. A 30. C 31. B
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文，主要講述了太空活動(dòng)產(chǎn)生的軌道碎片問題，以及如何通過各種方法和技術(shù)來減少和處理這些碎片。
【28題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Every launch f satellites r rckets adds t the prblem, increasing the risk that negatively influences nt nly space missins but als future endeavrs.”（每次衛(wèi)星或火箭的發(fā)射都會(huì)加劇這個(gè)問題，增加的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)不僅影響太空任務(wù)，也影響未來的努力。）可推知軌道碎片的主要問題是對(duì)未來太空任務(wù)的影響。故選B。
【29題詳解】
詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)文章第六段“One such methd invlves causing a satellite t break dwn naturally by bringing it clser t Earth’s surface s it burns up in the atmsphere.”（其中一種方法是通過使衛(wèi)星更接近地球表面，使其在大氣中燃燒，從而使衛(wèi)星自然解體。）“Anther similar technlgy uses a harpn that is fired in the directin f the targeted spacecraft t capture it and direct it twards Earth in an active manner, causing the debris t derbit and plan atmspheric incineratin.”（另一種類似的技術(shù)是使用一個(gè)魚叉向目標(biāo)航天器的方向發(fā)射，以捕獲它，并以主動(dòng)的方式將其引導(dǎo)到地球上，使碎片脫離軌道，并計(jì)劃在大氣中焚燒。）可知，除了監(jiān)管措施外，還使用了幾種減輕的方法來減少軌道過載。“mitigating”在這里的意思是減輕。故選A。
【30題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第五段“Therefre, gvernments have issued many regulatry measures, including active debris remval (ADR) technlgies r pllutin preventin, which are either planned, tested, r already carried ut t prtect bth existing spacecraft and nes set t be launched.”（因此，各國政府已經(jīng)出臺(tái)了許多監(jiān)管措施，包括主動(dòng)清除碎片（ADR）技術(shù)或污染預(yù)防，這些措施已經(jīng)被計(jì)劃、測(cè)試或已經(jīng)實(shí)施，以保護(hù)現(xiàn)有的航天器和即將發(fā)射的航天器。）可推知，處理太空碎片的措施包括主動(dòng)清除碎片技術(shù)。故選C。
【31題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“T reduce the lng-term risk f cllisins, the fcus needs t be n reducing the amunt f debris in the rbit. Internatinal cperatin and cntinued investment in debris reductin technlgies are carried ut t reduce the ptentially disastrus cnsequences f an vercrwded rbit.”（為了減少長期碰撞的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，需要關(guān)注減少軌道上的碎片數(shù)量。進(jìn)行國際合作并持續(xù)投資于減少碎片的技術(shù)，以減少軌道過度擁擠可能帶來的災(zāi)難性后果。）可推知，減少太空碎片需要共同和進(jìn)一步的努力。故選B。
D
An internatinal team f fssil (化石) hunters has discvered the remains f a “nursery” f prehistric sea creatures in China. The fssils date back t arund 518 millin years ag—a time knwn as the Cambrian Perid, when all life n Earth lived in the ceans. It is very rare t find s many fssils frm the Cambrian Perid in ne place.
The scientists, led by Xianfeng Yang frm Yunnan University, fund 2,846 fssils frm 118 different species at the site, near the city f Kunming. They include ancient ancestrs f mdern-day insects, shellfish and wrms, as well as extinct trilbites (三葉蟲). Seventeen f the species discvered are new t science, and mre than half f the fssils are yung animals.
This has led researchers t the cnclusin that the site was a srt f deep-sea nursery where cnditins were well suited fr yung creatures t grw. When the sea bed was cvered by sft mud (泥) these creatures’ remains were perfectly preserved, eventually creating a layer f fssil-rich rck.
Alngside hard bdy parts, like bnes and teeth, sft tissue was als preserved, which is especially imprtant when lking back t a perid when mst animals had sft bdies. Sme f the fssils are s well preserved that researchers have been able t spt bdy parts they’ve never seen befre.
One benefit f all the yung creatures fssils is that scientists will be able t learn hw the creatures changed as they aged. “We’ll see hw different bdy parts grew ver time,” explained researcher Julien Kimmig, frm Penn State University in the US, “which is smething we currently d nt knw abut fr mst f these grups.” What’s mre, Kimmig and his clleagues will be able t cmpare the creatures with living things tday. “We will see if hw these animals develp tday is similar t hw they develped 500 millin years ag, r if smething has changed thrughut time.”
32. What can we learn abut the fssils fund?
A. Half f them are extinct sea creatures.B. They are spread ut ver different sites.
C. Sme f them are previusly unknwn species.D. They belng t rare animals living in the ceans.
33. What kept the creatures’ remains frm being damaged?
A. They were prtected in rcks.B. They were buried in the deep sea.
C. The seaflr was cated with mud.D. The sea bed was in gd cnditin.
34. What d scientists want t learn frm the fssils?
A. The creatures’ age.B. Changes in the creatures’ grwth.
C. Similarities between these species grups.D. The creatures’ impact n living things tday.
【答案】32. C 33. D 34. B
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了一個(gè)國際化石獵人小組在中國發(fā)現(xiàn)了一個(gè)史前海洋生物“托兒所”的遺跡。這些化石可以追溯到大約5.18億年前——一個(gè)被稱為寒武紀(jì)的時(shí)期，當(dāng)時(shí)地球上所有的生命都生活在海洋中。在一個(gè)地方發(fā)現(xiàn)這么多寒武紀(jì)的化石是非常罕見的。
【32題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Seventeen f the species discvered are new t science, and mre than half f the fssils are yung animals.(發(fā)現(xiàn)的物種中有17個(gè)是科學(xué)上的新物種，超過一半的化石是年輕的動(dòng)物)”可知，發(fā)現(xiàn)的化石中一些是以前不為人知的物種。故選C。
【33題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“When the sea bed was cvered by sft mud (泥) these creatures’ remains were perfectly preserved, eventually creating a layer f fssil-rich rck.(當(dāng)海床被軟泥覆蓋時(shí)，這些生物的遺骸被完好地保存了下來，最終形成了一層富含化石的巖石)”可知，海床狀況良好讓這些生物的遺骸不被破壞。故選D。
34題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“One benefit f all the yung creatures fssils is that scientists will be able t learn hw the creatures changed as they aged.(所有這些年輕生物化石的一個(gè)好處是，科學(xué)家將能夠了解這些生物隨著年齡的增長是如何變化的)”可知，科學(xué)家們想從這些化石中了解生物生長的變化。故選B。
第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2分，共10分)
根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的七個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。
Culture shck is the feeling f uncertainty, cnfusin, r anxiety that peple may get when they live in r visit anther cuntry that differs frm their wn. ______35______ It can undubtedly affect peple’s lives. The fllwing are sme ways t deal with culture shck.
Have a gd understanding f culture and culture shck. There are many factrs that make up a culture, including shared beliefs, traditins and mrals.______36______ It’s because they are surrunded by peple with the same beliefs and values, and cultural differences are nly clear when yu meet smene else’s culture.
Keep a jurnal(日記) f yur thughts._____37_____And yu are feeling a bit verwhelmed (不知所措的) with the culture there. Rather than giving in t yur anxiety, write it ut. Write dwn hw yu felt at the mment and what trubled yu r made yu happy that day. Yu can als put smething dwn if yu’re missing anyne frm yur hmetwn. ______38______Dn’t allw yurself t becme a recluse (隱居者) during this experience. Yu can share yur feelings and experiences with yur relatives and friends. If yu are studying abrad and have ther classmates wh have similar feelings, cnnect with them as well as with thse wh are adjusting a bit mre easily.
D sme things yu usually like. Dn’t allw the culture shck t ccupy yur mind. And try t d smething interesting t replace a range f negative emtins, including anxiety, sadness, anger, hmesickness, and smetimes even depressin._____39_____Or practice yur hbbies like reading and dancing.
A. Share yur culture.
B. Talk t thers abut yur experiences.
C. Try t step utside f yur wn culture.
D. Smetimes such a feeling can be very strng.
E. Yu can watch mvies r listen t music that yu enjy.
F. Many peple dn’t realize hw culture influences them.
G. Perhaps yu have recently mved t a new city r cuntry.
【答案】35. D 36. F 37. G 38. B 39. E
【解析】
【分析】這是一篇說明文。文章主要講述了四種應(yīng)對(duì)文化沖擊帶來的影響的方法，幫助人們克服或者緩解文化沖擊帶來的不適和感受。
【35題詳解】
根據(jù)前句“Culture shck is the feeling f uncertainty,cnfusin,r anxiety”（文化沖擊是一種不確定、困惑或焦慮的感覺。）前文提出來文化沖擊這個(gè)概念，這個(gè)空應(yīng)該也是關(guān)于文化沖擊帶來的感覺，D項(xiàng)“Smetimes such a feeling can be very strng.”其中a feeling與前文feeling相呼應(yīng)。故選D項(xiàng)。
【36題詳解】
根據(jù)后句“It's because they are surrunded by peple with the same beliefs and values，and cultural differences are nly clear when yu meet smene else’s culture.”（這是因?yàn)樗麄冎車娜硕加邢嗤男叛龊蛢r(jià)值觀，只有當(dāng)你遇到別人的文化時(shí)，文化差異才會(huì)明顯。）可知，F(xiàn)項(xiàng)“Many peple dn’t realize hw culture influences them.”其中culture與后句中cultural differences形成呼應(yīng)結(jié)構(gòu)，符合本段語境。故選F項(xiàng)。
【37題詳解】
根據(jù)下文“Yu can als put smething dwn if yu're missing anyne frm yur hmetwn”（意思是如果你想念家鄉(xiāng)的人，你也可以寫下一些東西。）可知，這段話是在介紹遠(yuǎn)離故鄉(xiāng)在外的時(shí)候的情況。G項(xiàng)“Perhaps yu have recently mved t a new city r cuntry.”其中mved t a new city r cuntry與后句中missing anyne frm yur hmetwn相呼應(yīng)，表示關(guān)于遠(yuǎn)離故鄉(xiāng)，離開故鄉(xiāng)的事情。故選G項(xiàng)。
【38題詳解】
根據(jù)下文“Yu can share yur feelings and experiences with yur relatives and friends”（你可以和你的親戚朋友分享你的感受和經(jīng)歷。）可知，B項(xiàng)“Talk t thers abut yur experiences.”中experiences與后文中feelings and experiences形成呼應(yīng)結(jié)構(gòu)，符合本段語境，因此這個(gè)空作為這段話的主題句，說和別人談?wù)撃愕慕?jīng)歷。故選B項(xiàng)。
【39題詳解】
根據(jù)上文“D sme things yu usually like”（做一些你平時(shí)喜歡做的事情。）可知E項(xiàng)“Yu can watch mvies r listen t music that yu enjy.”其中yu enjy與前文yu usually like相呼應(yīng)，表示聽一些你喜歡聽的音樂或者看你喜歡看的電影。故選E項(xiàng)。
【點(diǎn)睛】
第三部分：書面表達(dá)(共兩節(jié)，32分)
第一節(jié)(共6小題;每小題2分，共12分)
根據(jù)中文和給出的英文提示詞語，完成下列英文句子。將答案寫在答題卡指定區(qū)域內(nèi)。
40. 唐人街是多元文化的一個(gè)重要組成部分。(Chinatwns, diverse culture)(漢譯英)
____________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Chinatwns are an imprtant part f diverse culture.
【解析】
【詳解】考查句子結(jié)構(gòu)和時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)漢語提示可知，本句在陳述事實(shí)，為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，句子為主系表結(jié)構(gòu)。唐人街為Chinatwns，是為are，多元文化的一個(gè)重要組成部分為an imprtant part f diverse culture。故翻譯為：Chinatwns are an imprtant part f diverse culture.
41. 在那時(shí)候，來自中國移民定居在這個(gè)地區(qū)。（immigrants, settle）（漢譯英）
____________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】In thse days, the immigrants frm China settled in the area.
【解析】
【詳解】考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)和名詞。表示“移民”應(yīng)用名詞immigrant，此處表復(fù)數(shù)概念，用復(fù)數(shù)形式；表示“定居”應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞settle；表示“在這個(gè)地區(qū)”介詞短語為in the area作地點(diǎn)狀語；表示“在那時(shí)候”應(yīng)用介詞短語in thse days作時(shí)間狀語；表示“來自中國”應(yīng)用介詞短語frm China作后置定語。根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語“在那時(shí)候”可知，動(dòng)詞應(yīng)使用一般過去時(shí)settled。故翻譯為：In thse days, the immigrants frm China settled in the area。
42. 作為醫(yī)生，我們必須對(duì)患者負(fù)責(zé)。(respnsible, patients)(漢譯英)
____________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】As dctrs, we must be respnsible fr ur patients.
【解析】
【詳解】考查形容詞、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞、固定短語?！白鳛獒t(yī)生”可表述為“As dctrs”；“必須”用情態(tài)動(dòng)詞must，后跟動(dòng)詞原形；“對(duì)……負(fù)責(zé)”短語為“be respnsible fr”；“患者”是“patients”。整體翻譯為：As dctrs, we must be respnsible fr ur patients.
43. 工作了幾年之后，林醫(yī)生被派往歐洲學(xué)習(xí)。(send, Eurpe)(漢譯英)
____________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】After wrking fr several years, Dr. Lin was sent t Eurpe t study.
【解析】
【詳解】考查短語和時(shí)態(tài)。“工作了幾年之后”可翻譯為“After wrking fr several years”，其中After是介詞，其后接動(dòng)名詞作賓語；“被派往歐洲”可翻譯為“be sent t Eurpe”，句子描述過去的事情，用一般過去時(shí)，主語是 Dr. Lin，be 動(dòng)詞用 was；“學(xué)習(xí)”用動(dòng)詞study，“被派往歐洲學(xué)習(xí)”翻譯為was sent t Eurpe t study。整體翻譯為“After wrking fr several years, Dr. Lin was sent t Eurpe t study.”
44. 太空探索給世界帶來了種種好處。(explre space, benefits)(漢譯英)
____________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Explring space has brught varius benefits t the wrld.
【解析】
分析】
【詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語、名詞、時(shí)態(tài)。表示“太空探索”應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞短語explre space；表示“種種好處”應(yīng)用名詞短語varius benefits；表示“給世界帶來”應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞短語bring t the wrld，因句子表示的是過去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響，謂語動(dòng)詞使用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。因此，整句話翻譯為Explring space has brught varius benefits t the wrld。
【點(diǎn)睛】
45. 在此之前，大部分人認(rèn)為在太空旅行是一個(gè)無法實(shí)現(xiàn)的夢(mèng)。(travelling int space, impssible dream)(漢譯英)
____________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Befre that, mst peple thught that travelling int space was an impssible dream.
【解析】
【詳解】考查從句、時(shí)態(tài)和非謂語。根據(jù)漢語提示可知，本句在陳述過去的事情，為一般過去時(shí)?！霸诖酥啊睘榻樵~短語“Befre that”，“大部分人認(rèn)為”為“mst peple thught that”，其中that引導(dǎo)賓語從句，“在太空旅行是一個(gè)無法實(shí)現(xiàn)的夢(mèng)”為“travelling int space was an impssible dream.”，動(dòng)名詞作主語。故翻譯為：Befre that, mst peple thught that travelling int space was an impssible dream.
第二節(jié)(20分)
46. 假設(shè)你是紅星中學(xué)李華，你的英國朋友Jim暑期想要來中國旅游，了解中國少數(shù)民族文化。請(qǐng)你給他寫一封電子郵件，幫他推薦一座城市，內(nèi)容包括：
1．你的建議及理由;
2．你祝愿。
注意：1．詞數(shù)100左右，開頭和結(jié)尾已經(jīng)給出，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù);
2．可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。
Dear Jim,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Jim,
I’m thrilled t hear abut yur upcming visit t China and yur interest in explring ur rich ethnic diversity. I’d highly recmmend yu t visit Guilin, a city nt nly famus fr its breathtaking landscapes but als fr its vibrant Mia and Zhuang cultures. The Lngji Rice Terraces ffer a stunning view while giving insights int the agricultural practices f these cmmunities. Additinally, attending a lcal festival, such as the Mia New Year, will immerse yu in traditinal music, dance, and cuisine.
Wishing yu an unfrgettable jurney filled with discvery and jy. May this trip enrich yur understanding f Chinese culture and leave yu with cherished memries.
Lking frward t hearing all abut yur adventures when yu return.
Yurs,
Li Hua
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】本篇書面表達(dá)屬于應(yīng)用文。要求考生給英國朋友Jim寫一封電子郵件，推薦一座能體現(xiàn)少數(shù)民族文化的城市。
【詳解】
1.詞匯積累
多樣性：diversity→variety
建議：recmmend→ advise
生氣勃勃的：vibrant→lively
令人震驚的：stunning→ shcking
2.句式拓展
簡(jiǎn)單句變復(fù)合句
原句：I’d highly recmmend yu t visit Guilin, a city nt nly famus fr its breathtaking landscapes but als fr its vibrant Mia and Zhuang cultures.
拓展句：I’d highly recmmend yu t visit Guilin, which is nt nly famus fr its breathtaking landscapes but als fr its vibrant Mia and Zhuang cultures.
【點(diǎn)睛】
【高分句型1】The Lngji Rice Terraces ffer a stunning view while giving insights int the agricultural practices f these cmmunities. （運(yùn)用了狀語從句的省略結(jié)構(gòu)）
【高分句型2】 Additinally, attending a lcal festival, such as the Mia New Year, will immerse yu in traditinal music, dance, and cuisine.（運(yùn)用了動(dòng)名詞作主語）

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