?通州區(qū)2022—2023 學(xué)年第二學(xué)期高一年級(jí)期末質(zhì)量檢測(cè)
英語(yǔ)試卷
本試卷共10頁(yè), 共100分?？荚嚂r(shí)長(zhǎng)90 分鐘, 考生務(wù)必將答案答在答題卡上在試卷上作答無(wú)效?？荚嚱Y(jié)束后, 請(qǐng)將答題卡交回。
第一部分: 知識(shí)運(yùn)用 (共三節(jié), 37分)
第一節(jié)完形填空 (共10小題; 每小題1.5分, 共15分)
閱讀下面短文, 掌握其大意, 從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中, 選出最佳選項(xiàng), 并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。
Boyce is a farmer’s son and he can’t see the world. But today, compared with him, even a large number of normal people have fallen behind.
Boyce was born ___1___ and his family was very poor. His father used to do farm work to support his family. When he was born, the neighbors even advised Boyce’s parents to give him up because they thought that he would grow up to become a burden to them. Luckily his parents ___2___ him and decided to take good care of him. As Boyce grew older, his father began to worry about his son’s ___3___. There was no school in their village, so his father tried his best to let his son attend a special school for the blind in the nearby city. After years of hard work, Boyce graduated with ___4___ grades, which surprised everyone. His parents were also very happy with his performance. The boy was then encouraged to work harder at his studies.
However, Boyce was again faced with ___5___ when he applied for entrance exams of colleges. He was not allowed to take the exams because of his physical disability. His request was ___6___ by many local colleges. Even then. Boyce didn’t give up. He applied for some foreign universities online and ___7___ became the first international blind student in a world-famous university.
After graduation, Boyce received many job offers, but he ___8___ to return to his motherland to start his career. He set up Boycy Industries, which accepted and trained disabled people to produce eco-friendly products. He really brought ___9___ changes to both the disabled and the environment.
Boyce is a great ___10___ for all of us. He has inspired many disadvantaged people to overcome difficulties and follow their dreams bravely.
1. A. deaf B. blind C. healthy D. lame
2. A. accepted B. received C. refused D. forgave
3. A. courage B. work C. luck D. education
4. A. complete B. excellent C. usual D. terrible
5. A. support B. protection C. difficulty D. competition
6. A. cared about B. turned down C. called on D. handed in
7. A. likely B. commonly C. hardly D. successfully
8. A. chose B. afforded C. forgot D. refused
9. A. traditional B. positive C. limited D. natural
10. A. researcher B. partner C. example D. talent
【答案】1. B 2. A 3. D 4. B 5. C 6. B 7. D 8. A 9. B 10. C
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇記敘文。本文講述了一個(gè)名叫Boyce的盲人青年，他在貧困的家庭中長(zhǎng)大，但是通過自己的努力和家人的支持，他成功地完成了學(xué)業(yè)，并成為了世界著名大學(xué)的第一位國(guó)際盲人學(xué)生。畢業(yè)后，他回到自己的祖國(guó)，創(chuàng)立了一個(gè)公司，為殘疾人提供培訓(xùn)和工作機(jī)會(huì)，生產(chǎn)環(huán)保產(chǎn)品，為殘疾人和環(huán)境帶來了積極的變化。他的故事鼓舞了許多弱勢(shì)群體，激勵(lì)他們勇敢地克服困難，追求自己的夢(mèng)想。
【1題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：Boyce天生失明，家境貧寒。A. deaf聾的；B. blind瞎的；C. healthy健康的；D. lame瘸的。根據(jù)前文“Boyce is a farmer’s son and he can’t see the world.”可知，Boyce天生失明。故選B。
【2題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：幸運(yùn)的是，他的父母接受了他，決定好好照顧他。A. accepted接受；B. received收到；C. refused拒絕；D. forgave原諒。根據(jù)后文“decided to take good care of him”可知，他的父母接受他，并且好好照顧他。故選A。
【3題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：隨著他漸漸長(zhǎng)大，他的父親開始擔(dān)心兒子的教育問題。A. courage勇氣；B. work工作；C. luck運(yùn)氣；D. education教育。根據(jù)后文“There was no school in their village, so his father tried his best to let his son attend a special school for the blind in the nearby city.”可知，因?yàn)樗麄兊拇遄永餂]有學(xué)校，所以Boyce的父親想盡辦法讓他在附近城市的一所特殊的盲人學(xué)校上學(xué)，由此Boyce的父親擔(dān)心的是他的教育問題。故選D。
【4題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：經(jīng)過多年的努力，Boyce以優(yōu)異的成績(jī)畢業(yè)了，這讓每個(gè)人都感到驚訝。A. complete完全的；B. excellent極好的；C. usual通常的；D. terrible糟糕的。根據(jù)后文“which surprised everyone”可知，Boyce以優(yōu)異的成績(jī)畢業(yè)，這才能讓所有人驚訝。故選B。
【5題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，Boyce在申請(qǐng)大學(xué)入學(xué)考試時(shí)再次遇到了困難。A. support支持；B. protection保護(hù)；C. difficulty困難；D. competition競(jìng)賽。根據(jù)后文“He was not allowed to take the exams because of his physical disability.”可知，他在申請(qǐng)大學(xué)的時(shí)候，遇到了困難，由于眼睛失明他不被允許參加考試。故選C。
【6題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：他的請(qǐng)求被當(dāng)?shù)卦S多大學(xué)拒絕了。A. cared about擔(dān)心；B. turned down拒絕；C. called on呼吁；D. handed in上交。根據(jù)前文“He was not allowed to take the exams”可知，由于失明，他被許多大學(xué)拒絕了。故選B。
【7題詳解】
考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：他在網(wǎng)上申請(qǐng)了一些國(guó)外大學(xué)，并成功成為世界著名大學(xué)的第一位國(guó)際盲人學(xué)生。A. likely可能地；B. commonly常見地；C. hardly幾乎不；D. successfully成功地。根據(jù)后文“After graduation”可知，他是成功地申請(qǐng)了一些國(guó)外大學(xué)。故選D。
【8題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：畢業(yè)后，Boyce得到了許多工作機(jī)會(huì)，但他選擇回到祖國(guó)開始自己的事業(yè)。A. chose選擇；B. afforded負(fù)擔(dān)得起；C. forgot忘記；D. refused拒絕。根據(jù)前文的“Boyce received many job offers”以及后文的“but”可知，前后兩個(gè)句子構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，即雖然畢業(yè)后，Boyce得到了許多工作機(jī)會(huì)，但他選擇回到祖國(guó)開始自己的事業(yè)。故選A。
【9題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：他確實(shí)為殘疾人和環(huán)境帶來了積極的變化。A. traditional傳統(tǒng)的；B. positive積極的；C. limited有限的；D. natural自然的。根據(jù)后文“He has inspired many disadvantaged people to overcome difficulties and follow their dreams bravely.”可知，他激勵(lì)了許多弱勢(shì)群體克服困難，勇敢地追隨夢(mèng)想，由此他帶來的是積極的影響。故選B。
10題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：Boyce是我們所有人的好榜樣。A. researcher研究者；B. partner合作者；C. example例子，榜樣；D. talent天賦。根據(jù)后文“He has inspired many disadvantaged people to overcome difficulties and follow their dreams bravely.”可知，他激勵(lì)了許多弱勢(shì)群體克服困難，勇敢地追隨夢(mèng)想，他為我們樹立了一個(gè)良好的榜樣。故選C。
第二節(jié)語(yǔ)法填空 (共10小題; 每小題1.5分, 共15分)
A
閱讀下面短文, 根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。
Eight years later, Lin graduated from Peking Union Medical College (PUMC) with the Wenhai Scholarship, the highest prize ___11___ (give) to graduates. She immediately became the first woman ever to be hired as a resident physician in the OB-GYN department of the PUMC Hospital. Within six months, she ___12___ (name) a chief resident physician, a position that usually took four years to achieve. After working for a few years, she was sent to study in Europe and then, in 1939, in the US. She greatly ___13___ (impress) her American colleagues, who invited her to stay. Dr Lin, however, rejected the offer. She wanted to serve the women and children at home.
【答案】11. given
12. was named
13. impressed
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇記敘文。主要講述了林醫(yī)生的工作經(jīng)歷以及為祖國(guó)醫(yī)學(xué)做出貢獻(xiàn)的故事。
【11題詳解】
考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：八年后，林以文海獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金畢業(yè)于北京協(xié)和醫(yī)學(xué)院(PUMC)，這是給畢業(yè)生的最高獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)。分析句子可知，此處為非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作后置定語(yǔ)修飾prize，prize和give為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以為過去分詞形式。故填given。
【12題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意：在六個(gè)月內(nèi)，她被任命為總住院醫(yī)師，通常需要四年才能獲得這個(gè)職位。分析句子可知，空處為主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，she和動(dòng)詞name為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，結(jié)合上下文時(shí)態(tài)可知，該句應(yīng)為一般過去時(shí)，所以為一般過去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。故填was named。
【13題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。句意：她給她的美國(guó)同事留下了深刻的印象，他們邀請(qǐng)她留下來。分析句子可知，此處為主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，結(jié)合上下文時(shí)態(tài)可知，該句應(yīng)為一般過去時(shí)。故填impressed。
B
閱讀下面短文, 根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~, 在給出提示詞的空白處用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。
In the afternoon, I headed to a local museum ___14___ showed the historical changes in California. I learnt that America got California from Mexico in 1848. In the same year, gold was discovered near San Francisco, which started a gold rush. Over 300, 000 people came from all over the world ___15___ (seek) their fortune, and San Francisco quickly became a big city. Many Chinese arrived during this period. To earn a living, some opened up shops and restaurants in Chinatown. Many others found jobs on farms, joined the gold rush, or went to build the railway that joined California to the eastern region of the country. The museum did a really good job of ___16___ (show) how America was built by immigrants from different countries and cultures. ___17___ these immigrants left their countries, they carried a bit of home in their hearts and built a new home here.
【答案】14. that##which
15. to seek

16. showing
17. When
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了作者去了當(dāng)?shù)氐牟┪镳^，了解了加利福尼亞州的歷史變遷。
【14題詳解】
考查定語(yǔ)從句。句意：下午，我去了當(dāng)?shù)匾患艺故炯又輾v史變遷的博物館。分析句子，設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)的是定語(yǔ)從句，引導(dǎo)詞在從句中作主語(yǔ)，修飾先行詞museum，為物。故填that或which。
【15題詳解】
考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：超過30萬(wàn)人從世界各地來到這里尋找財(cái)富，舊金山很快成為了一個(gè)大城市。分析句子，句中came為謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，設(shè)空處使用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，此處表示目的作狀語(yǔ)，故使用不定式結(jié)構(gòu)。故填to seek。
【16題詳解】
考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：這個(gè)博物館很好地展示了來自不同國(guó)家和文化的移民是如何建設(shè)美國(guó)的。句中of為介詞，后使用動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)。故填showing。
【17題詳解】
考查狀語(yǔ)從句。句意：當(dāng)這些移民離開自己的國(guó)家時(shí)，他們心中帶著一點(diǎn)家鄉(xiāng)的感覺，在這里建立了新的家園。分析句子，設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)的是時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，表示“當(dāng)……時(shí)候”用引導(dǎo)詞when。同時(shí)該空置于句首，首字母大寫。故填When。
C
閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。
China’s space programme started later than those of Russia and the US, ___18___ it has made great progress in a short time. China became the third country in the world to independently send humans into space in 2003, when Yang Liwei ___19___ (successful) orbited Earth in the Shenzhou 5 spacecraft. Then Shenzhou 6 and 7 completed a second manned orbit and the first Chinese spacewalk, followed by the vehicle Jade Rabbit being sent to the moon to study its surface. After that, China launched the Tiangong 2 space lab into space and Tianzhou 1 to dock with it. This signaled one step further in China’s plan to establish a space station in the future. More recently, China ___20___ (send) Chang’e 4 to explore the surface of the far side of the moon to make measurements and observations.
【答案】18. but
19. successfully
20. has sent
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說明文。主要介紹了中國(guó)的太空計(jì)劃起步晚于俄羅斯和美國(guó)，但在短時(shí)間內(nèi)取得了巨大進(jìn)展。
【18題詳解】
考查連詞。句意：中國(guó)的太空計(jì)劃起步晚于俄羅斯和美國(guó)，但在短時(shí)間內(nèi)取得了巨大進(jìn)展。根據(jù)上下句意可知，上下文為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，此處用連詞but表示“但是”。故填but。
【19題詳解】
考查副詞。句意：2003年，楊利偉乘坐神舟5號(hào)飛船成功地繞地球軌道飛行，中國(guó)成為世界上第三個(gè)獨(dú)立將人類送入太空的國(guó)家。由副詞修飾動(dòng)詞可知，此處為副詞successfully修飾動(dòng)詞orbited。故填successfully。
【20題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。句意：最近，中國(guó)發(fā)射了嫦娥四號(hào)探測(cè)月球背面的表面，進(jìn)行測(cè)量和觀測(cè)。由該句recently可知，此處應(yīng)為現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，China為單數(shù)意義名詞，所以助動(dòng)詞為has。故填has sent。
第三節(jié)從方框中選擇合適的詞語(yǔ)并用其適當(dāng)?shù)男问酵瓿上铝芯渥印?(共7小題; 每小題1分, 共7 分)
從方框中選擇合適的詞語(yǔ)并用其適當(dāng)?shù)男问酵瓿上铝芯渥印?br /> run out, make an attempt to, crash into, bring about, earn a living, carry on, figure out

21. I think we should ________ some ways to stop people from polluting the river and call on them to fight against pollution.
22. Don’t brake suddenly, the car behind might ________ you.
23. First you should consider how to equip yourself to ________.
24. Only actions can ________ changes.
25. Her bravery has given him the will to ________ with his life and his work.
26. You should ________ resolve this problem, otherwise you would regret.
27. Soon, the money began to ________ and they couldn’t afford the lessons anymore.
【答案】21. figure out
22. crash into
23. earn a living
24. bring about
25. carry on
26. make an attempt to
27. run out
【解析】
【21題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)。句意：我認(rèn)為我們應(yīng)該想出一些方法來阻止人們污染河流，并呼吁他們與污染作斗爭(zhēng)。根據(jù)句意可知，此處為動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)figure out“想出來”，滿足句意要求，結(jié)合空前should為情態(tài)動(dòng)詞可知，為動(dòng)詞原形。故填figure out。
【22題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)。句意：不要突然剎車，后面那輛車可能會(huì)撞到你。根據(jù)句意可知，此處動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)crash into“撞到”，滿足句意要求，結(jié)合空前might情態(tài)動(dòng)詞可知，為動(dòng)詞原形。故填crash into。
【23題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)。句意：首先，你應(yīng)該考慮如何使自己具備謀生的能力。根據(jù)句意可知，此處為動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)earn a living“謀生”，滿足句意要求，結(jié)合空前to不定式可知，為動(dòng)詞原形。故填earn a living。
【24題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)。句意：只有行動(dòng)才能帶來改變。根據(jù)句意可知，此處為動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)bring about“帶來，引起”，滿足句意要求，結(jié)合空前can為情態(tài)動(dòng)詞可知，為動(dòng)詞原形。故填bring about。
【25題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)。句意：她的勇敢給了他繼續(xù)生活和工作的意志。根據(jù)句意可知，此處為動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)carry on“繼續(xù)”，滿足句意要求，結(jié)合空前to不定式可知，為動(dòng)詞原形。故填carry on。
【26題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)。句意：你應(yīng)該試著解決這個(gè)問題，否則你會(huì)后悔的。根據(jù)句意可知，此處為動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)make an attempt to“嘗試做”，滿足句意要求，結(jié)合空前should情態(tài)動(dòng)詞可知，為動(dòng)詞原形。故填make an attempt to。
【27題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)。句意：很快，錢就花光了，他們?cè)僖哺恫黄饘W(xué)費(fèi)了。根據(jù)句意可知，此處為動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)run out“用完，耗盡”，滿足句意要求，結(jié)合空前to不定式可知，為動(dòng)詞原形。故填run out。
第二部分: 閱讀理解 (共兩節(jié), 32分)
第一節(jié) (共11小題; 每小題2分, 共22分)
閱讀下列短文, 從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中, 選出最佳選項(xiàng), 并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。
A
Arbeia Roman Fort (城堡) and Museum
Location and History
Arbeia Roman Fort is situated on Hadrian’s Wall. It was the most important structure built by the Romans in Britain, and now it has been a World Heritage (遺產(chǎn)) Site. Built around AD 160, Arbeia Roman Fort was the military supply base for the soldiers who were stationed along Hadrian’s Wall. The fort has been gradually uncovered and some original parts have been revealed. There are reconstructions that show how Arbeia Roman Fort would have looked.
The Reconstructions
The reconstructions of the Commanding Officer’s house and soldiers’ quarters are strikingly different. The accommodation for soldiers is dark and uncomfortable, while the Commanding Officer’s house is spacious and luxurious, with courtyards with fountains for him and his family to enjoy.
The Museum
Visit the museum and see many objects that were found at Arbeia. They are historically important and show what daily life was really like at that time. You will see weapons, tools, jewellery, and so on. You can also discover how the Romans buried their dead and see tombstones (墓碑) which survive to this day. There is a “hands-on” area allowing visitors to dig on a certain site and study their findings with the help of museum staff. You can piece together pottery (陶器), or try writing just as the Romans would have done. For children, they can build this ancient Roman fort with building blocks by themselves.
Opening Times and Getting There
April 1-October 31:
Monday to Saturday 10:00am-5:00pm, Sunday 2:00pm-5:00pm.
November 1-March 31:
Monday to Saturday 11:00am-4:00pm, closed Sunday. (Closed
December 25-26 and January 1)
Entry is free.
Arbeia is only a ten-minute walk from the bus station at South Shields. Free car park nearby.
Website:
www.twmuseums.org.uk/arbeia
28. According to the passage, Arbeia Roman Fort ________.
A was related to the military
B. got reconstructions around AD 160
C. was built in a small area in Rome
D. provided a comfortable life for soldiers
29. What can visitors do in the museum?
A. See historical objects. B. Build tombstones for the dead.
C. Write to ancient Romans. D. Try using old tools and weapons.
30. What time does Arbeia Roman Fort close?
A. On April 1. B. On October 31.
C. On November 1. D. On December 26.
【答案】28. A 29. A 30. D
【解析】
【分析】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了旅游景點(diǎn)Arbeia Roman Fort and Museum的位置、歷史、重建以及開放時(shí)間等信息。
【28題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Built around AD 160, Arbeia Roman Fort was the military supply base for the soldiers who were stationed along Hadrian’s Wall.（阿比亞羅馬要塞建于公元160年左右，是駐扎在哈德良長(zhǎng)城沿線的士兵的軍事補(bǔ)給基地。）”可知，Arbeia Roman Fort與軍事有關(guān)。故選A。
【29題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Visit the museum and see many objects that were found at Arbeia. They are historically important and show what daily life was really like at that time.（參觀博物館，看到許多在Arbeia發(fā)現(xiàn)的物品。它們?cè)跉v史上很重要，展示了當(dāng)時(shí)日常生活的真實(shí)情況。）”可知，游客在博物館內(nèi)可以看見歷史物品。故選A。
【30題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)參觀時(shí)間介紹的最后一句“Closed
December 25-26 and January 1（12月25日至26日和1月1日關(guān)閉）”可知，Arbeia Roman Fort在12月26日是關(guān)閉的。故選D。
B
Recycling Electronic Waste
When Alex Lin was 11 years old, he read an alarming article in the newspaper which said that people were burying old computers in backyards, throwing TVs into streams, and dumping (丟棄) cell phones in the garbage. This was dangerous because e-waste contains harmful chemicals that can leak into the environment, getting into crops, animals, water supplies—and people.
Alex was really worried and decided to make it next project for WIN—the Westerly Innovations Network. Alex and six of his friends had formed this organization to help solve community problems two years before.
But what could they do about this project with e-waste? The team spent several weeks gathering information about the harmful chemicals in e-waste and their effects on humans. They learned how to dispose (處置) of e-waste properly and how it could be recycled. Then, they sent out a survey and found only one in eight knew what e-waste was, let alone how to properly dispose of it.
Alex and his friends went into action. They advertised in the local newspaper and distributed notices to students, asking residents to bring their unwanted electronics to the school parking lot. The drive lasted two days, and they collected over 9, 500 kilograms of e-waste.
The next step was to set up a long-term e-waste drop-off center for the town. After some research, they’d learned that reusing is the best way to deal with electronic devices and it is seven times more efficient than recycling. So, they began learning to refurbish (翻新) computers themselves and distributed them to students who didn’t have their own. In this way, they could help students in the area and protect the environment at the same time.
For a lasting solution to e-waste, the drop-off center wasn’t enough. Laws would have to be passed. In 2016, WIN helped push for an e-waste bill in their town, which required companies that manufactured or sold electronics to take back e-waste. The bill clearly forbids the dumping of e-waste.
Because of the work of WIN, more and more people, like Alex and his team, are getting the message about safe disposal of e-waste. As Alex says, “Today’s technology should not become tomorrow’s harmful garbage.”
31. What was Alex’s worry after he read the article?
A. The littering of e-waste. B. The recycling of plastic.
C The change of environment. D. The overuse of old computers.
32. What did Alex do to start the project?
A. Set up WIN. B. Collect information.
C. Ask friends for help. D. Carry out a survey.
33. Which can best describe the way Alex and his team did their work?
A. Traditional. B. Competitive.
C. Scientific. D. Convenient.
34. What message does the story convey?
A. There is no end to perfection.
B. Success comes through failure.
C. Every positive attitude has a reward.
D. Young people can make a big difference.
【答案】31. A 32. B 33. C 34. D
【解析】
【分析】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了幾個(gè)十幾歲的年輕人為了避免電子垃圾對(duì)環(huán)境造成的影響，想辦法循環(huán)利用電子垃圾的事情。
【31題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段內(nèi)容“When Alex Lin was 11 years old, he read an alarming article in the newspaper which said that people were burying old computers in backyards, throwing TVs into streams, and dumping (丟棄) cell phones in the garbage. This was dangerous because e-waste contains harmful chemicals that can leak into the environment, getting into crops, animals, water supplies—and people.”（當(dāng)Alex Lin 11歲時(shí)，他在報(bào)紙上讀到一篇令人震驚的文章，人們把舊電腦埋在后院，把電視扔到河里，把手機(jī)扔到垃圾堆里。這是危險(xiǎn)的，因?yàn)殡娮永泻杏泻Φ幕瘜W(xué)物質(zhì)，可能會(huì)泄漏到環(huán)境中，進(jìn)入農(nóng)作物、動(dòng)物、水源和人類。）和第二段第一句話“Alex was really worried”（Alex真的很擔(dān)心）可知，Alex看到報(bào)紙上的文章，得知隨意丟棄電子垃圾是危險(xiǎn)的，會(huì)危害環(huán)境、農(nóng)作物、動(dòng)物、水源和人類，這讓他很擔(dān)心。由此可知，Alex看完這篇文章后擔(dān)心的是亂扔電子垃圾的現(xiàn)象。故選A項(xiàng)。
【32題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段關(guān)鍵句“But what could they do about this project with e-waste? The team spent several weeks gathering information about the harmful chemicals in e-waste and their effects on humans.”（但是他們能對(duì)這個(gè)電子垃圾項(xiàng)目做些什么呢？小組花了幾周時(shí)間收集有關(guān)電子垃圾中有害化學(xué)物質(zhì)及其對(duì)人類影響的信息。）可知，為了開展這個(gè)項(xiàng)目，小組首先花了幾周時(shí)間收集有關(guān)電子垃圾中有害化學(xué)物質(zhì)及其對(duì)人類影響的信息。由此可知，Alex通過收集信息的方式來開始這個(gè)項(xiàng)目。故選B項(xiàng)。
【33題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段關(guān)鍵句“But what could they do about this project with e-waste? The team spent several weeks gathering information about the harmful chemicals in e-waste and their effects on humans.”（但是他們能對(duì)這個(gè)電子垃圾項(xiàng)目做些什么呢？小組花了幾周時(shí)間收集有關(guān)電子垃圾中有害化學(xué)物質(zhì)及其對(duì)人類影響的信息。）、第四段關(guān)鍵句“Alex and his friends went into action. They advertised in the local newspaper and distributed notices to students, asking residents to bring their unwanted electronics to the school parking lot.”（Alex和他的朋友們開始行動(dòng)了。他們?cè)诋?dāng)?shù)貓?bào)紙上登廣告，向?qū)W生們分發(fā)通知，要求居民們把不需要的電子產(chǎn)品帶到學(xué)校停車場(chǎng)。）和第五段關(guān)鍵句“The next step was to set up a long-term e-waste drop-off center for the town.”（下一步是為該鎮(zhèn)建立一個(gè)長(zhǎng)期的電子垃圾投放中心。）可知，Alex和他的朋友們?yōu)榱碎_展這個(gè)項(xiàng)目，首先收集信息，然后通過登報(bào)和分發(fā)通知等方式進(jìn)行宣傳，接下來建立一個(gè)長(zhǎng)期的電子垃圾投放中心，這種做法是科學(xué)的，再結(jié)合最后一段關(guān)鍵句“Because of the work of WIN, more and more people, like Alex and his team, are getting the message about safe disposal of e-waste.”（由于WIN的工作，越來越多的人，像Alex和他的團(tuán)隊(duì)一樣，正在得到關(guān)于安全處理電子垃圾的信息。）可知，他們的工作獲得了成功。由此可推斷出，Alex和他的團(tuán)隊(duì)的工作方式是科學(xué)的。故選C項(xiàng)。
【34題詳解】
主旨大意題。分析文章內(nèi)容，結(jié)合最后一段關(guān)鍵句“Because of the work of WIN, more and more people, like Alex and his team, are getting the message about safe disposal of e-waste.”（由于WIN的工作，越來越多的人，像Alex和他的團(tuán)隊(duì)一樣，正在得到關(guān)于安全處理電子垃圾的信息。）可知，文章主要講述了幾個(gè)十幾歲的年輕人為了避免電子垃圾對(duì)環(huán)境造成的影響，想辦法循環(huán)利用電子垃圾的事情，并最終獲得了成功，越來越多的人知道了關(guān)于安全處理電子垃圾的信息?！癥oung people can make a big difference.”意為“年輕人可以有所作為。”能夠概括這個(gè)故事傳達(dá)的信息。故選D項(xiàng)。
C
Is Space Exploration Necessary?
We see space exploration updates in the news almost every week now. This is great for those who want a future like in science fiction movies. On the other hand, some believe space exploration is not necessary because there are a few reasonable cons to it. So, read further to see what the space exploration pros and cons are.
It’s true that space exploration technologies are costly and consume many resources. Only launching space exploration satellites takes at least $ 40 million per launch and can go for as much as $ 400 million. Analyzing some space exploration facts, we are aware that space exploring costs a lot. While the UN says $ 30 billion could end world hunger, NASA is being offered a lot every year. And this is a good argument for those who are against space exploration.
While space exploration is highly important for learning about who we are, some are worried about what it can do to humanity. Countries can use their space crafts and satellites to collect information about other countries they’re in conflict with. Obviously, this can lead to tensions between countries and eventually to wars.
Another issue that space exploration brings is that it poses a great danger for astronauts involved in it. Nasa mentions in an article how damaging cosmic (外太空的) radiation is for the human body because it can damage the nervous system both severely and in the long run. Besides, cosmic radiation sickness causes extreme tiredness, nausea (嘔吐感), anorexia, and vomiting. From this point of view, space exploration does put our astronauts at great risks. However, preventive measures are taken, and their health is kept in check through intensive training and daily checkups.
While all previously mentioned observations are very good and make great points, space exploration still has more benefits than negative effects. It allows us to develop our technologies, which are already advanced thanks to space exploration. Moreover, by exploring space, we can discover new resources that we could use to better our lives here on Earth. And another thing is certain as well: we couldn’t build a better future for our children without space exploration.
35. Why does the author show the amount of money spent on Space exploration in Paragraph 2?
A. To show the disadvantage of space exploration.
B. To prove space exploration is highly important.
C. To criticize NASA for spending too much money.
D. To call on more money to be spent to stop world hunger.
36. What does the underlined word “poses” in Paragraph 4 mean?
A. Avoids. B. Provides. C. Causes. D. Prevents.
37. What is the writer’s attitude towards “space exploration”?
A. Doubtful. B. Supportive. C. Opposed. D. Neutral.
38. What is the purpose of the passage?
A. To stress the importance of space exploration.
B. To argue against the advance of space exploration.
C. To show people’s concern about the astronauts’ health.
D. To introduce the problems that space exploration brings to people.
【答案】35. A 36. C 37. B 38. D
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說明文。文章討論了太空探索的利弊，包括成本高、可能引發(fā)國(guó)際沖突、對(duì)宇航員健康的危害等。盡管存在一些負(fù)面影響，但太空探索仍然有更多的好處，可以促進(jìn)技術(shù)發(fā)展、發(fā)現(xiàn)新資源等，對(duì)人類的未來也有重要意義。
【35題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中“It’s true that space exploration technologies are costly and consume many resources.(誠(chéng)然，太空探索技術(shù)成本高昂，消耗大量資源。)”以及“Only launching space exploration satellites takes at least $ 40 million per launch and can go for as much as $ 400 million. (僅發(fā)射太空探索衛(wèi)星，每次發(fā)射至少需要4000萬(wàn)美元，最高可達(dá)4億美元。)”可知，本段主要講述的是太空技術(shù)成本高昂，消耗大量資源，由此后文通過具體事例即發(fā)射太空探索衛(wèi)星至少需要4000萬(wàn)美元，最高可達(dá)4億美元來對(duì)此問題進(jìn)行說明。故舉出該例子的目的是為了展示太空探索的缺點(diǎn)。故選A。
【36題詳解】
詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線詞前面的內(nèi)容“Another issue that space exploration brings(太空探索帶來的另一個(gè)問題)”以及劃線詞后面的內(nèi)容“ a great danger for astronauts involved in it(這對(duì)參與其中的宇航員來說是極大的危險(xiǎn))”可知，太空探索帶來另外的一個(gè)問題，劃線詞所在的表語(yǔ)從句是對(duì)該問題進(jìn)行解釋說明，即太空探索所導(dǎo)致的問題對(duì)宇航員來說是極大的危險(xiǎn)。故推斷劃線詞pose的意思為“產(chǎn)生，帶來”與C選項(xiàng)為同義詞。故選C。
【37題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“space exploration still has more benefits than negative effects. It allows us to develop our technologies, which are already advanced thanks to space exploration. Moreover, by exploring space, we can discover new resources that we could use to better our lives here on Earth.(太空探索仍然利大于弊。它使我們能夠發(fā)展我們的技術(shù)，這些技術(shù)由于太空探索而已經(jīng)很先進(jìn)了。此外，通過探索太空，我們可以發(fā)現(xiàn)新的資源，我們可以用來改善我們?cè)诘厍蛏系纳睢?”可知，作者認(rèn)為太空探索利大于弊。故作者對(duì)太空探索的態(tài)度是積極和支持的。故選B。
【38題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)本文的標(biāo)題“Is Space Exploration Necessary?(太空探索是必要的嗎？)”以及第一段的內(nèi)容“So, read further to see what the space exploration pros and cons are.(所以，請(qǐng)繼續(xù)閱讀，看看太空探索的利弊。)”以及通讀全文可知，文章討論了太空探索的利和弊（弊占文章篇幅三分之二），包括成本高、可能引發(fā)國(guó)際沖突、對(duì)宇航員健康的危害等。盡管存在一些負(fù)面影響，但太空探索仍然有更多的好處，可以促進(jìn)技術(shù)發(fā)展、發(fā)現(xiàn)新資源等，對(duì)人類的未來也有重要意義。故文章的目的介紹太空探索中給人們帶來的問題。故選D。
第二節(jié) (共5小題; 每小題2分, 共10分)
根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容, 從短文后的七個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。
How to Make Sure Your Idea Doesn’t Die
Getting great ideas? It’s Easy. Following up on them is hard! ____39____.
Ask “Why doesn’t this work”.
Although he might have had the idea for it Steve Jobs didn’t just have the iPhone’s unique touch screen in a single night. Instead, he thought about the present situation of smart phones and continually asked a single question: “Why don’t they work?” ____40____.
___41___.
A good routine often helps you put your ideas into action. Toni Morrison, an outstanding writer, has a more special routine centered on daylight. She rises at around 5:00 each morning to watch the dawn. For her, it’s important to wake before the light and observe the transition(轉(zhuǎn)變) into day. ____42____. Whatever you choose as your morning routine, consider it as the reliable framework that gives you the best idea.
Don’t fly alone.
When ideas meet in a shared physical or mental space, creative ideas are bound to happen—which is great. Working in a shared physical space just might help you find your ideal creative partners. ____43____. Besides, they may provide detailed focus that might not be your strong suit. Of course, partners needn’t pursue everything together. A creative conversation is more useful, which can set up a series of goals toward which the individual team members are free to work on their own.
A. Make full use of your spare time
B. Never ignore the power of routine
C. They can strengthen your confidence and give some valuable suggestions
D. This one little question helped him get from an idea to a practical solution
E. He makes a great contribution to “the look and feel of the product”
F. Here are some tips to make sure your great idea becomes a reality
G. She considers it a special moment that inspires her to write
【答案】39. F 40. D 41. B 42. G 43. C
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇議論文。文章主要就如何讓自己的想法變成現(xiàn)實(shí)提供了可行的方法。
【39題詳解】
根據(jù)下文給出的三種方法可知，此處應(yīng)該是一個(gè)過渡句，起承上啟下的作用。故選F項(xiàng)。
【40題詳解】
根據(jù)該空前面“Why don’t they work?”可推出“This one little question helped him get from an idea to a practical solution”就是這個(gè)小問題幫他把想法變成了實(shí)際的解決方案，這樣搭配符合上下文邏輯。故選D項(xiàng)。
【41題詳解】
分析文章可知，此處是選起總結(jié)性作用的小標(biāo)題。通過分析下面自然段的大意可知，該段主要講好的日常生活模式也會(huì)有助于把想法變成現(xiàn)實(shí)。故選B項(xiàng)。
【42題詳解】
聯(lián)系前文“For her, it’s important to wake before the light and observe the transition(轉(zhuǎn)變) into day”對(duì)于她來說在天亮以前起床觀察一整天的變化是很重要的，接下句“She considers it a special moment that inspires her to write”她把這個(gè)時(shí)刻看作是啟發(fā)寫作的特殊時(shí)刻，此句中的special moment就是指天亮以前，這樣上下句切合緊密且符合邏輯。故選G項(xiàng)。
【43題詳解】
根據(jù)此空的上下文可知，此處講關(guān)于找搭檔的話題。找到理想的且有創(chuàng)造力的搭檔會(huì)讓你更加自信而且也可以給你有價(jià)值的建議，這樣前后句符合邏輯。Partners是復(fù)數(shù)形式，后文用they來代指，語(yǔ)法上也符合。故選C項(xiàng)。
【點(diǎn)睛】選擇小標(biāo)題這類題，我們可以用排除法來做。因?yàn)闃?biāo)題一般較短，所以我們可以只看句子結(jié)構(gòu)較短的選項(xiàng)，這樣就可以縮小選擇范圍。例如第3題，當(dāng)分析出是選擇標(biāo)題時(shí)，我們可以只看AB兩個(gè)選項(xiàng)，因?yàn)樗鼈冚^短。然后看AB選項(xiàng)中，哪個(gè)能總結(jié)下面的一個(gè)自然段就可以了。
第三部分: 書面表達(dá) (共兩節(jié), 31分)
第一節(jié) (共4小題; 第44、45 題各2分, 第46 題3分, 第47題4分, 共11分)
閱讀下面的短文和問題, 根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容, 在相應(yīng)題號(hào)后的橫線上寫下相關(guān)信息, 完成對(duì)該問題的回答。答語(yǔ)要結(jié)構(gòu)正確，書寫工整，字跡清楚。
The Land of Smiles: A Beginners Guide to Etiquette (禮儀) in Thailand
To: JohnnyBoy0303@hotmail.com
Sender: Farang555@gmail.com
Subject: RE: I’m coming to Thailand! ! !
Hey Johnny!
Great news about your visit to Thailand. I shall roll out the red carpet for your arrival! I’m still having a great time here. It’s difficult to work in this heat, but the people here are so kind, and life is generally quite relaxed, so it beats another rainy winter in Scotland. About your questions:
1. Yes, you should learn a little bit of Thai if you can! It’s not an easy language to speak or read, but a little effort will go a long way. Thais are really respectful people. When they greet you, they’ll usually put both of their hands together, and bow their head a little bit. If anyone does it to you, it’s very important that you do it back.
2. Yes, the food is spicy! But it’s so delicious. Thais use a lot of exotic ingredients like coconut, lemongrass, and lime leaves when they’re cooking, so you get some really rich flavours. Actually, I think I never want to eat British food again after living here! Don’t worry—you’re going to love it, and it’s cheap too!
3. Yes, there are a few things to be aware of. Firstly, Thais look at the head as being sacred, so don’t go around patting people on the head, not even kids. The head is the highest part of the body, and the feet are the lowest, so guess what? Don’t do things with your feet. I know it sounds stupid, but just be careful that you’re not pointing your feet at people or kicking them to get their attention or anything like that, and definitely do not put your feet up on tables or chairs—it will be considered very rude.
I think it’s very important to remember that Thais love their royal family too, so you should be respectful towards that. Once, my friend and I were visiting Bangkok, and he dropped a coin, I stamped on it to stop it rolling, and some people seemed quite angry, and we couldn’t work out why. A hotel staff explained to us: Putting my foot on the coin was like stamping on a picture of the king! We told the hotel staff how sorry we were. I think it’s really important to be aware of these things that might mean a lot to other people even though you would never think of them yourself.
Anyway, don’t worry too much. Just be polite and respectful. You’ll have a great time here.
Looking forward to seeing you in the Land of Smiles!
Archie
44. What does the writer feel about Thailand?
________________________________________________________________________
45. According to the third answer in Archie’s email, please write down the question that Johnny might ask.
________________________________________________________________________
46. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why.
Some Thais seemed quite angry when seeing the writer use his foot to stop the coin rolling because it wouldn’t work.
________________________________________________________________________
47. Suppose Johnny is coming to China. He is curious about etiquette in China and asks you for help. Please write 1 or 2 tips for him. (In about 40 words)
________________________________________________________________________
【答案】44. He feels that the people are friendly and life is relaxed there.
45. Are there any items that require special attention in Thailand? What are they?
46. Some Thais seemed quite angry when seeing the writer use his foot to stop the coin rolling because it wouldn’t work.
The underlined part is false, because putting one’s foot on the coin was like stamping on a picture of the king, and they love their royal family.
47. Now let me tell you something about etiquette in China. When eating, everyone should move their chopsticks together. Don’t pick up your chopsticks first and eat on your own. Don’t babble or make strange noises when eating and don’t speak with your mouth full of food.
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。作者在信中為朋友本文為朋友介紹了有關(guān)泰國(guó)的語(yǔ)言、飲食和習(xí)俗的一些問題。
【44題詳解】
考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第一段中“I’m still having a great time here. It’s difficult to work in this heat, but the people here are so kind, and life is generally quite relaxed, so it beats another rainy winter in Scotland. (我在這里仍然過得很愉快。在這么熱的天氣里工作很困難，但這里的人很友善，生活一般都很輕松，所以這比蘇格蘭又一個(gè)多雨的冬天要好。)”可知，作者感覺泰國(guó)人民友善，生活輕松。故答案為He feels that the people are friendly and life is relaxed there.
【45題詳解】
考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第三個(gè)回答中“Yes, there are a few things to be aware of. (是的，有幾件事需要注意。)”可知，Johnny可能會(huì)問的問題是：在泰國(guó)是不是有些需要特別注意的，都有哪些？故答案為Are there any items that require special attention in Thailand? What are they?
【46題詳解】
考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段中“I think it’s very important to remember that Thais love their royal family too, so you should be respectful towards that. (我認(rèn)為重要的是要記住泰國(guó)人也愛他們的王室，所以你應(yīng)該尊重他們。)”和“Once, my friend and I were visiting Bangkok, and he dropped a coin, I stamped on it to stop it rolling, and some people seemed quite angry, and we couldn’t work out why. A hotel staff explained to us: Putting my foot on the coin was like stamping on a picture of the king! (有一次，我和朋友去曼谷旅游，他掉了一枚硬幣，我踩著它不讓它滾，一些人看起來很生氣，我們不知道為什么。一位酒店工作人員向我們解釋說：把我的腳踩在硬幣上就像踩在國(guó)王的畫像上一樣！我們向酒店員工表示了歉意。)”可知，當(dāng)看到作者用腳阻止硬幣滾動(dòng)時(shí)，一些泰國(guó)人似乎很生氣，是因?yàn)槟_踩在硬幣上就像踩在國(guó)王的畫像上一樣，他們愛他們的王室。故答案為Some Thais seemed quite angry when seeing the writer use his foot to stop the coin rolling because it wouldn’t work. The underlined part is false, because putting one’s foot on the coin was like stamping on a picture of the king, and they love their royal family.
【47題詳解】
考查閱讀寫作。閱讀可知，本文為朋友介紹了有關(guān)泰國(guó)的語(yǔ)言、飲食和習(xí)俗。按要求給Johnny寫1 - 2條有關(guān)中國(guó)禮儀的建議。故答案為Now let me tell you something about etiquette in China. When eating, everyone should move their chopsticks together. Don’t pick up your chopsticks first and eat on your own. Don’t babble or make strange noises when eating and don’t speak with your mouth full of food.
第二節(jié) (20分)
48. 假設(shè)你是紅星中學(xué)高一學(xué)生李華。上周末你和你的英國(guó)朋友 Jim 約好了去看電影， 但因在路上幫助了一位老人而錯(cuò)過了看電影， 請(qǐng)你用英文給Jin寫一封電子郵件。內(nèi)容包括：
1. 表達(dá)歉意；
2. 陳述原因；
3. 另約時(shí)間。
注意：1. 詞數(shù)100 左右。
2. 開頭和結(jié)尾已給出，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)。
Dear Jim,
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Jim,
I hope this email finds you well. I wanted to apologize for missing our movie date last weekend. I feel terrible for letting you down.
The reason why I missed the movie was that I stopped to help an elderly person on my way to meet you. They needed assistance crossing the street, and I couldn't just leave them there. I hope you can understand. Are you free next weekend? We can pick a new movie and time that works for both of us.
Again, I'm really sorry for missing our plans. I value our friendship and don’t want to let you down again.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本篇書面表達(dá)屬于應(yīng)用文。要求考生給英國(guó)朋友Jim寫一封電子郵件，對(duì)上周末因幫助一位老人而錯(cuò)過看電影的事向Jim道歉，陳述原因并另約時(shí)間。
【詳解】1.詞匯積累
希望：hope→expect/wish
道歉：apologize →make an apology
讓某人沮喪：let sb down→ make sb disappointed
珍惜：value→ treasure
2.句式拓展
簡(jiǎn)單句變復(fù)合句
原句： I wanted to apologize for missing our movie date last weekend.
拓展句： I wanted to apologize for missing our movie date last weekend, which made me very embarrassed.
【點(diǎn)睛】【高分句型1】The reason why I missed the movie was that I stopped to help an elderly person on my way to meet you. （運(yùn)用了why引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句以及that引導(dǎo)的表語(yǔ)從句）
【高分句型2】We can pick a new movie and time that works for both of us.（運(yùn)用了that引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句）

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