湖南省衡陽市衡陽縣2023-2024學(xué)年高二下學(xué)期7月期末英語試題（原卷版+解析版）-試卷下載-教習(xí)網(wǎng)

考生注意：
1.本試卷分為聽力、閱讀、語言運(yùn)用和寫作四個(gè)部分，滿分150分，考試時(shí)量120分鐘。
2.試卷分為試題卷和答題卡兩個(gè)部分，答題前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、考號、學(xué)校填在試題卷答題卡上。
3.選擇題部分用2B鉛筆填涂在答題卡上，回答非選擇題部分時(shí)，將答案寫在答題卡上，寫在試題卷上無效。
4.考試結(jié)束后請將答題卡上交。
第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)
第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)
聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。
1. 【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】
What is the man ding?
A. Reading.B. Shuting.C. Whispering.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】W: Culd yu speak up, please? I can’t hear yu.
M: I have t speak very quietly because we are in a library.
W: Just be slightly clearer. After all, we dn’t have t shut t be heard.
2. 【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】
Where are the speakers nw?
A. In a schl.B. At hme.C. On a bus.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】M: Bye, Mm — I’m ff t schl! I wnder hw many peple will be there. Everyne keeps getting ill!
W: It’s the time f year that viruses seem t like. Keep washing yur hands and remember t wear yur mask n the bus! Bye!
3. 【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】
What des the man think f the test tmrrw?
A. It is imprtant.B. It is easy.C. It is unnecessary.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】M: I’m starting t panic! Tmrrw’s test will decide which grup I’ll be in next year. It’s vital that I revise all my chemistry wrk tnight.
W: Take it easy. I knw it means a lt t yu, but all this nervus energy is unnecessary.
4. 【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】
Which party will the man vte fr?
A. The green party.B. The blue party.C. The red party.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】M: I’m nt sure wh t vte fr. The green party aims t help the envirnment, but the blue party puts the ecnmy first.
W: Hw abut the red party? Their fcus is n scial imprvement.
M: The planet’s wildlife is imprtant t me... S, I’ve gt the answer.
5. 【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】
What des the wman suggest the man d?
A. Surprise his grandfather.
B. Find ut his grandfather’s wisdm.
C. Help his grandfather t find his keys.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】M: My grandfather says the lder yu get, the wiser yu get. But he’s always frgetting things, like where he put his keys.
W: Being frgetful desn’t mean he’s nt wise. Talk with him and listen t what he has learned in life. It may surprise yu.
第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)
聽下面5段對話或獨(dú)白。每段對話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。
聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】
6. What is the prbable relatinship between the speakers?
A. Mther and sn.B. Fellw engineers.C. Teacher and student.
7. What happened when the man used the machine?
A. It spread butter n tast.
B. It mixed butter with jam.
C. It drpped butter nt the flr.
【答案】6. A 7. C
【解析】
【原文】M: I’ve always wanted t help yu with the husewrk.
W: Oh, yu’re s sweet, dear.
M: S I’ve invented a machine that will help yu make breakfast.
W: What is it?
M: It’s called the “Butter Spreader”. I designed it in the engineering class. It’s a knife attached t a mtr. It can spread butter n tast. Of curse, it can spread jam t — r butter and jam. My teacher said it was very unique.
W: Sunds interesting!
M: Here it is. Watch hw it is used.
W: Oh dear, is the butter suppsed t be thrwn nt the flr like that?
M: N. Perhaps I need t make sme changes…
聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】
8. Hw lng has the wman been waiting here?
A. 15 minutes.B. 20 minutes.C. 25 minutes.
9. Why is the wman ging t twn?
A. T get t wrk.B. T g shpping.C. T buy cmputer parts.
10. What will the man d later tday?
A. Have his cmputer repaired.
B. G t the medical center.
C. Wrk n a reprt.
【答案】8. A 9. B 10. C
【解析】
【原文】W: This bus is nt very reliable. I’ve been here since 11: 10 a.m. and it still hasn’t shwn up.
M: What time is it suppsed t be here?
W: Twenty past eleven, and nw it’s twenty-five past eleven! It’s really annying because my car brke dwn n the way hme frm wrk yesterday, s the bus is my nly way int twn t d my weekly grcery shpping.
M: I need t get t twn t get a keybard and a muse fr my cmputer. I usually buy things nline with my smartphne. But I have t finish an urgent reprt tday and I need t get back in time fr that. S this bus had better hurry up.
W: Hang n, is that it cming nw just past the medical center?
M: Yes! Thank gdness fr that!
聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】
11. Why did the man travel t England?
A. Fr an exchange prgram.
B. Fr a sprts cmpetitin.
C. Fr a family reunin.
12. What sprt will the man take Jsh t see?
A. Ftball.B. Basketball.C. Table tennis.
13. Hw did the man mainly feel during his trip?
A Tired.B. Excited.C. Scared.
【答案】11. A 12. C 13. B
【解析】
【原文】M: I traveled t England ver the summer and had a great time. I picked up s much f the language.
W: I bet it was tiring. Was it scary staying with smene yu didn’t knw?
M: Nt at all! It was Jsh and his family. I was paired with Jsh n the student exchange prject. He is such a great guy. His likes and interests are similar t mine, s we sn became gd friends.
W: What srts f interests?
M: We’re bth int sprts, particularly ftball and basketball. Plus, his dad tk us t a Premier League match in Lndn, which was incredible. It was Arsenal against Manchester United! It ended 3-1 t Arsenal, s Jsh was really happy as that’s his team.
W: Oh, ww!
M: He said if I cme again, we’ll watch a Liverpl game as they’re my team. But he’s cming t China first! We’re planning t watch a Table Tennis Club Super League match tgether!
W: Sunds like yu’ve made a friend fr life!
聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】
14. Wh is the wman?
A. A writer.B. A publisher.C. A radi hstess.
15. What style f cmic des Jin Oka write?
A. Japanese.B. American.C. Chinese.
16. Which character des Jin Oka like best?
A. Spider-Man.B. Irn Man.C. Batman.
17. What will the speakers d first?
A. Read a cmic bk.B. Rest fr a while.C. Watch a vide.
【答案】14. C 15. B 16. C 17. B
【解析】
【原文】W: Hell, and welcme t “Ask the Writer”, the shw that puts yur questins t members f the writing wrld. Tday’s guest is Jin Oka, wh has been writing cmics fr mre than twenty years. It’s gd t have yu n the shw, Jin.
M: It’s gd t be here.
W: Jin, yu were riginally frm Japan and mved t America when yu were ten years ld. Yu began selling yur stry ideas t Marvel when yu were just thirteen, s yu weren’t in America that lng befre making an impressin.
M: Yes, that’s right. I had grwn up reading Japanese cmics but sn turned t Marvel, which is an American cmic publisher. When my dad gt a jb in New Yrk, I was s excited and gt int writing immediately.
W: Great stuff. Okay, let’s g t ur listeners’ questins. The first ne is frm Chen wh lives in Wuhan, China. She asks, “Wh is yur favrite superher?”
M: Oh, great questin! I fell in lve with characters like Spider-Man, Superman, and the Hulk frm an early age, but the clest superher is Batman.
W: He’s great, thugh Irn Man is my particular favrite! Keep listening, because after the break we’ll ask Jin abut his new YuTube channel fr cmic lvers. Dn’t g away!
聽下面一段獨(dú)白，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】
18. What is the talk mainly abut?
A. An inspiring stry.B. A wrld recrd.C. A family reunin.
19. Why did Jnny nearly fall ver?
A. He gt tired and weak.
B. He was pushed by anther athlete.
C. He was verexcited at nearing the finish line.
20. What place did Jnny get in the race?
A. First.B. Secnd.C. Third.
【答案】18. A 19. A 20. B
【解析】
【原文】M: Befre yu run this marathn tday, let me share smething with yu. In September 2016, a running event that wuld g dwn in sprting histry tk place. It was the Wrld Triathln Series in Mexic and the Brwnlee brthers were bth cmpeting in the final race. With abut 700 meters left, Jnny, the yunger f the tw brthers, was leading by sme distance. But as he neared the finish line, it was bvius smething was wrng. He was mving frm side t side and was abut t fall ver. Weakened frm the ht weather, his bdy culd nt g n. The runner behind him went past him. And then, just when all hpe was lst and he was falling t the grund, he was caught by the third-placed runner.
When Jnny lked up, he culd see that the runner was his lder brther Alistair, wh had stpped t help. Tgether, the brthers ran the rest f the race arm in arm. The brthers crssed the line t the cheers f everyne in the crwd. Alistair pushed Jnny ahead s that his brther culd take secnd place. It was ne f the mst remarkable and mving mments in the histry f wrld sprts.
Nw g ut there and d yur best!
第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)
第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)
閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。
A
Skywalk at the Grand Canyn West Rim
Head t the breathtaking Skywalk at the Grand Canyn West Rim fr an unfrgettable view 4,000 feet abve the Canyn flr. With trust in ur wrld-famus Gray Line blue diamnd, yu can be cnfident f knwing that this will be a truly memrable day!
Please Nte
If a mtr cach with a lift is required, we must have a 72-hur prir ntificatin t the date f travel.
Service dgs are allwed t travel with the crrect and current paperwrk.
All reservatins must be cnfirmed 24 hurs prir t the travel date.
Cameras are nt allwed n the Skywalk.
Tur Overview
Pass by Diamnd Bar Ranch lcated between the grand Canyn and Jshua Tree Frest in the state. This histric ranch cvers an area f arund 106,000 acres.
At the Grand Canyn West Rim, visit the Hualapai Indian Cuntry and take advantage f the many pht pprtunities with yur hsts, The Hualapai Indians. Meet the Hualapai Indians in full tribal (BB) dr ess and frm the traditinal dance.
Visit guan pint. There are relics f a histric tram that stretched 8, 800 feet acrss the grand Canyn t a guan mine.
Visit Eagle Pint. Besides experiencing the latest attractin — the Grand Canyn Skywalk, yu can als dine at the newly pened Skywalk Cafe verlking the grand Canyn fr a truly unique lunch experience
After apprximately 4 hurs at the West Rim, we'll return t the Las Vegas htel—there's n better way t spend yur day!
21. What if a blind man with a guide dg intends t take the tur?
A. He shuld infrm the cmpany ahead
B. He shuld pay extra mney fr the dg
C. He shuld cnfirm his reservatin in advance
D. He shuld prvide related dcuments abut the dg
22. What can turists d in the Hualapai Indian Cuntry?
A. Taste unique lcal cuisine.B. Take pictures with the lcals
C. Dance with the Hualapai IndiansD. Try n the traditinal tribal dress
23. Where can visitrs have a wnderful view ver the grand Canyn?
A. Eagle PintB. Guan pint
C. Jshua Tree FrestD. Diamnd Bar ranch
【答案】21. D 22. B 23. A
【解析】
【分析】本文是應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了大峽谷空中步道旅游信息和注意事項(xiàng)。
【21題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Please Nte部分“Service dgs are allwed t travel with the crrect and current paperwrk.(攜帶當(dāng)前有效證件的服務(wù)犬可以進(jìn)入景區(qū)旅行)”可知，攜帶服務(wù)犬的游客需要提供服務(wù)犬的相關(guān)文件。故選D項(xiàng)。
【22題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Tur Overview部分“At the Grand Canyn West Rim, visit the Hualapai Indian Cuntry and take advantage f the many pht pprtunities with yur hsts, The Hualapai Indians.(在大峽谷西緣，參觀瓦拉派印第安人部落，抓住機(jī)會與您的東道主瓦拉派印第安人拍照) ”可知，在Hualapai Indian Cuntry，游客可以與當(dāng)?shù)赜〉诎踩撕嫌?。故選B項(xiàng)。
【23題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Tur Overview部分“Visit Eagle Pint. Besides experiencing the latest attractin — the Grand Canyn Skywalk, yu can als dine at the newly pened Skywalk Cafe verlking the grand Canyn fr a truly unique lunch experience(老鷹崖。除了體驗(yàn)最新的景點(diǎn)——大峽谷空中步道，您還可以在新開的Skywalk咖啡廳用餐，俯瞰大峽谷，享受真正獨(dú)特的午餐體驗(yàn))”可知，在Eagle Pint，游客可以在Skywalk咖啡廳俯瞰大峽谷。故選A項(xiàng)。
B
Ask bacteria where they’d like t live, and they’ll answer: a kitchen spnge (海綿), please.
Spnges are the best place fr bacteria, capable f husing 54 billin bacteria per cubic centimeter. In additin t being damp, airy and laded with fd remains, spnges prvide a perfect physical envirnment fr bacteria.
Just like humans, bacteria prefer different levels f interactins with their peers. Sme bacteria are mre scial, while thers prefer staying alne. Researchers fund that middling levels f separatin—similar t that fund in a spnge—maximize the diversity f the cmmunity.
Scientists separated different bacterial strains(菌株), which had been engineered t give light, int cmpartments(隔間). The wrk shwed that an envirnment with a middling number f cmpartments prmtes the mst diversity.
Kitchen spnge, with all kinds f large and small hles, nt nly ffer an ideal number f cmpartments fr bacteria, but als prvide a range f varying-sized parties that can suit mre f the bacteria’s needs. In experiments with a kitchen spnge, the researchers fund that the resulting bacterial cmmunity was mre diverse than thse prduced in liquid cultures, a cmmn methd f grwing bacteria in a labratry.
Frtunately, the bacteria partying in yur spnge are mstly nnpathgenic. But if dangerus bacteria d shw up, the spnge’s special structure will prbably help them thrive.
“Spnges are nt really well-suited fr kitchen” says Markus Egert, a micrbilgist, wh did nt take part in the study.“There is hardly any surface withut bacteria at hme, but the kitchen spnge is prbably the mst ppulated item at hme.”
The gd news is that it’s easy t slve the prblem. Brushes are a much safer alternative. And if yu lve yur spnge, dn’t use it fr meat juices. N need t invite bad bacteria t the party.
24. What is the functin f the first paragraph?
A. Intrducing the tpic f the text.
B. Drawing a scientific cnclusin.
C. Cmparing bacteria with human beings.
D. Prviding a better envirnment fr bacteria.
25. What can be inferred frm the experiment?
A. Bacteria can be remved frm hme.
B. Bacteria prefer t reprduce in large spaces.
C. Kitchen spnges will sn be replaced by brushes.
D. Kitchen spnges are ideal items t prduce bacteria.
26. What des the underlined wrd “nnpathgenic” mean in Paragraph 6?
A. DifferentB. SafeC. HealthyD. Destructive
27. Where is the passage mst likely taken frm?
A. A ckbkB. A magazineC. A textbkD. An advertisement
【答案】24. A 25. D 26. B 27. B
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。從科學(xué)角度介紹了廚房的海綿是產(chǎn)生細(xì)菌的理想物。
【24題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)首段“Ask bacteria where they’d like t live, and they’ll answer: a kitchen spnge (海綿), please. (如果你問細(xì)菌它們想生活在哪里，它們會回答：請給我一塊廚房海綿。)”以及第二段首句“Spnges are the best place fr bacteria, capable f husing 54 billin bacteria per cubic centimeter. (海綿是細(xì)菌的最佳棲息地，每立方厘米能容納540億個(gè)細(xì)菌。)”可知，廚房的海綿是細(xì)菌的最佳棲息地。且縱觀全文，都是在介紹這一話題，由此可推知，第一段的作用是引起文章主題。故選A。
【25題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段末句“The wrk shwed that an envirnment with a middling number f cmpartments prmtes the mst diversity. (研究表明，具有中等數(shù)量隔間的環(huán)境促進(jìn)了最大的多樣性。)”以及第五段首句“Kitchen spnge, with all kinds f large and small hles, nt nly ffer an ideal number f cmpartments fr bacteria, but als prvide a range f varying-sized parties that can suit mre f the bacteria’s needs. (廚房海綿，有各種大小的孔，不僅為細(xì)菌提供了理想數(shù)量的隔間，而且還提供了一系列不同大小的聚會，可以滿足更多細(xì)菌的需求。)”可知，廚房海綿是產(chǎn)生細(xì)菌的理想物品。故選D。
【26題詳解】
詞義猜測題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段“Frtunately, the bacteria partying in yur spnge are mstly nnpathgenic. But if dangerus bacteria d shw up, the spnge’s special structure will prbably help them thrive. (幸運(yùn)的是，在海綿里聚會的細(xì)菌大多是。但如果危險(xiǎn)的細(xì)菌真的出現(xiàn)了，海綿的特殊結(jié)構(gòu)可能會幫助它們茁壯成長。)”可知，“But”前后為對照關(guān)系，其后為“dangerus”，故劃線詞應(yīng)為反義詞，故為“安全的”。故選B。
【27題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)首段“Ask bacteria where they’d like t live, and they’ll answer: a kitchen spnge (海綿), please. (如果你問細(xì)菌它們想生活在哪里，它們會回答：請給我一塊廚房海綿。)”以及縱觀全文可知，全篇介紹廚房的海綿是細(xì)菌的最佳棲息地。此話題最有可能出現(xiàn)在雜志上。故選B。
C
Eugene Newman Parker, a leading figure in helispheric(日球?qū)拥? physics fr the past half century, passed away peacefully at his hme in Chicag n Mar. 15. He was 94.
Hailed(譽(yù)為) as a visinary in the field f heliphysics, Parker revlutinized ur understanding f the sun and its effects n Earth and ther bdies within the slar system. NASA even stated that “the field f heliphysics exists in large part because f Dr. Eugene Parker. In 2018, Parker became the first living scientist t witness the launch f a spacecraft that was named in his hnr.
Parker is best knwn fr his grundbreaking thery n the existence f a phenmenn called “slar wind”, a cntinuus stream f charged particles that flw ff the sun. It can becme vilent, causing space weather that impacts the Earth. When Parker’s research was published in 1958, his thery was initially met with skepticism(懷疑) and ridicule by the scientific cmmunity. The general view at the time was that the space between planets was an abslute vacuum(真空), and was thus cmpletely empty f any matter. But, there were n errrs in his study r his calculatins, and the thery was later prven t be crrect in 1962, when a NASA spacecraft missin t Venus revealed the cnstant presence f a supersnic wind—exactly as Parker had predicted.
That experience likely led t the advice Parker ften gave yung researchers: “If yu d smething new r innvative, expect truble. But think critically abut it because if yu’re wrng, yu want t be the first ne t knw that.” Parker never c-authred a paper with his students, thus urging them t be independent.
Parker was humble, straightfrward, and wise. His sn Eric said, “My sister Jyce and I didn’t get a real feel fr what a ‘big dg’ ur dad was in the field.” They gt an even better sense when a mnth after Parker’s death, they traveled t Lund, Sweden, t accept n his behalf the Crafrd Prize in Astrnmy.
28. What can we learn frm the secnd paragraph?
A. A spacecraft was named in memry f Parker.
B. The sun has less effects n Earth than expected.
C. Parker deserved credit fr his great cntributins.
D. NASA prvided new insights int the lunar effect.
29. Why did peple view Parker’s thery f “slar wind” skeptically at first?
A. It went against the ppular pinin at that time.
B. Sme mistakes were fund in his calculatins.
C. The presence f a supersnic wind was prven by NASA.
D. Matter was believed t exist in the space between planets.
30. What did Parker suggest yung researchers d?
A. seek clse cperatinB. avid high expectatins
C. learn by trial and errrD. cmpete against thers
31. What wrds can be used t describe Parker accrding t the passage?
A. straightfrward and generusB. respnsible and accessible
C. intelligent yet cnservativeD. distinguished yet mdest
【答案】28. C 29. A 30. C 31. D
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章介紹了日球物理學(xué)的領(lǐng)軍人物，尤金·紐曼·帕克的貢獻(xiàn)以及他對年輕人的影響。
【28題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中“Parker revlutinized ur understanding f the sun and its effects n Earth and ther bdies within the slar system. (帕克徹底改變了我們對太陽及其對地球和太陽系內(nèi)其他天體的影響的認(rèn)識。)”以及“NASA even stated that “the field f heliphysics exists in large part because f Dr. Eugene Parker. (美國宇航局甚至表示，“太陽物理學(xué)領(lǐng)域的存在在很大程度上要?dú)w功于尤金·帕克博士?！?”可知，帕克對整個(gè)日球物理學(xué)領(lǐng)域做出了極大的貢獻(xiàn)，他是值得贊揚(yáng)的。故選C。
【29題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“ When Parker’s research was published in 1958, his thery was initially met with skepticism(懷疑) and ridicule by the scientific cmmunity.(當(dāng)帕克的研究成果于1958年發(fā)表時(shí)，他的理論最初遭到了科學(xué)界的質(zhì)疑和嘲笑。)”以及“The general view at the time was that the space between planets was an abslute vacuum(真空), and was thus cmpletely empty f any matter. (當(dāng)時(shí)的普遍觀點(diǎn)是，行星之間的空間是絕對真空的，因此完全沒有任何物質(zhì)。)”可知，人們起初對帕克的“太陽風(fēng)”理論持懷疑態(tài)度，因?yàn)樗`背了當(dāng)時(shí)的流行觀點(diǎn)。故選A。
【30題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中“That experience likely led t the advice Parker ften gave yung researchers: “If yu d smething new r innvative, expect truble. But think critically abut it because if yu’re wrng, yu want t be the first ne t knw that.” (這段經(jīng)歷可能導(dǎo)致了帕克經(jīng)常給年輕研究人員的建議：“如果你做了一些新的或創(chuàng)新的事情，預(yù)計(jì)會有麻煩。但要批判性地思考，因?yàn)槿绻沐e了，你想成為第一個(gè)知道這一點(diǎn)的人?！?”可知，帕克給年輕人的建議是從錯誤和嘗試中學(xué)習(xí)。故選C。
【31題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中“Hailed(譽(yù)為) as a visinary in the field f heliphysics, Parker revlutinized ur understanding f the sun and its effects n Earth and ther bdies within the slar system. (被譽(yù)為作為太陽物理學(xué)領(lǐng)域的夢想家，帕克徹底改變了我們對太陽及其對地球和太陽系內(nèi)其他天體影響的理解。)”以及根據(jù)最后一段中“Parker was humble, straightfrward, and wise.( 帕克謙遜、直率、睿智。)”可知，帕克是杰出但謙遜的。故選D。
D
Zlgists studied the nervus systems f insects t investigate principles f bilgical brain cmputatin and pssible effects n machine learning and artificial intelligence. Specifically, they analysed hw insects learn t assciate sensry infrmatin in their envirnment with a fd reward, and hw they can recall this infrmatin later in rder t slve cmplex tasks such as the search fr fd.
Living rganisms shw remarkable abilities in cping with prblems psed by cmplex and dynamic envirnments. They are able t generalize their experiences in rder t rapidly adapt their behaviur when the envirnment changes. The zlgists investigated hw the nervus system f the fruit fly cntrls its behaviur when searching fr fd.
Using a cmputer mdel, they simulated(模擬) and analysed the cmputatins in the fruit fly’s nervus system in respnse t scents cming frm the fd surce. They initially trained their mdel f the fly brain in exactly the same way as insects are trained in experiments. They presented a specific scent in the simulatin tgether with a reward and a secnd scent withut a reward.
“The mdel rapidly learns a strng representatin f the rewarded scent after just a few scent presentatins and is then able t find the surce f this scent in a cmplex envirnment,” said cmputer scientist Dr Hannes Rapp, wh created the mdel.
The mdel created is thus capable f generalizing frm its memry and t apply what it has learned previusly in a cmpletely new and cmplex envirnment, while learning required nly a very small database f training samples.
The results suggest that the transfrmatin f sensry infrmatin int memries in the brain can inspire future machine learning and artificial intelligence applicatins t slving cmplex tasks.
32. What is the aim f the research?
A. T analyse the applicatin f bilgical brain cmputatin principles.
B. T seek prmtin f machine learning and artificial intelligence.
C. T shed light n hw the nervus systems f insects wrk.
D. T uncver hw insects apply sensry infrmatin in search f fd.
33. Which statement abut the research methd is NOT TRUE?
A. The researchers cllected the data by using a cmputer mdel.
B. The researchers fcused n hw the fruit fly’s nervus system reacts t scents.
C. The researchers trained the mdel in the same way as training fruit flies.
D. The researchers presented tw different scents t carry ut a cntrl experiment.
34. What d the results f the research imply?
A. Insects’ nervus systems are mre sensitive t particular scents.
B. Artificial intelligence is significant t bilgical brain research.
C. Sensry infrmatin is widely applied in machine learning.
D. Research n insect brain can cntribute t AI develpment.
35. What is the main purpse f the text?
A. T present predictins abut the future f machine learning.
B. T illustrate the methd and findings f a scientific study.
C. T call n mre research n insect brain and behavir.
D. T intrduce a practical methd f insect research.
【答案】32. B 33. D 34. D 35. B
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。昆蟲的神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)能獲取并將感官性信息轉(zhuǎn)換為記憶，控制其行為來完成如覓食這樣的復(fù)雜任務(wù)，動物學(xué)家通過研究這一過程，尋求其對未來機(jī)器學(xué)習(xí)和人工智能的啟發(fā)。
【32題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。文章第一段講到“Zlgists studied the nervus systems f insects t investigate principles f bilgical brain cmputatin and pssible effects n machine learning and artificial intelligence (動物學(xué)家研究了昆蟲的神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)，以研究生物大腦計(jì)算的原理以及對機(jī)器學(xué)習(xí)和人工智能的可能影響)”最后一段“The results suggest that the transfrmatin f sensry infrmatin int memries in the brain can inspire future machine learning and artificial intelligence applicatins t slving cmplex tasks. (研究結(jié)果表明，將感覺信息轉(zhuǎn)化為大腦中的記憶可以激勵未來的機(jī)器學(xué)習(xí)和人工智能應(yīng)用于解決復(fù)雜任務(wù)。)可知，動物學(xué)家研究昆蟲神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)的目的是研究生物大腦計(jì)算的原理和對機(jī)器學(xué)習(xí)及人工智能的可能影響。故選B。
【33題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。文章第三段講到“They presented a specific scent in the simulatin tgether with a reward and a secnd scent withut a reward. (他們在模擬中呈現(xiàn)了一種特定的氣味以及獎勵，而第二種氣味則沒有獎勵。)”可知，研究過程中確實(shí)使用了兩種氣味，但研究方法并非對照實(shí)驗(yàn)，而只是測試該模型對于有獎勵的氣味的反應(yīng)。因此，關(guān)于研究方法的說法是不正確的是D項(xiàng)“研究人員提出了兩種不同的氣味來進(jìn)行對照實(shí)驗(yàn)”。故選D。
【34題詳解】
推理判斷題。文章最后一段講到“The results suggest that the transfrmatin f sensry infrmatin int memries in the brain can inspire future machine learning and artificial intelligence applicatins t slving cmplex tasks. (研究結(jié)果表明，將感覺信息轉(zhuǎn)化為大腦中的記憶可以激勵未來的機(jī)器學(xué)習(xí)和人工智能應(yīng)用于解決復(fù)雜任務(wù)。)”可知，研究的結(jié)果表明，大腦中感官性信息轉(zhuǎn)換為記憶能夠啟示未來機(jī)器學(xué)習(xí)和人工智能在解決復(fù)雜任務(wù)中的運(yùn)用，因此，對昆蟲大腦的研究能促進(jìn)人工智能的發(fā)展，故選D。
【35題詳解】
推理判斷題。本文全文皆在介紹一項(xiàng)研究，從研究目的到研究方法，再到研究結(jié)果，文章第三段講到“Using a cmputer mdel, they simulated(模擬) and analysed the cmputatins in the fruit fly’s nervus system in respnse t scents cming frm the fd surce. (他們使用計(jì)算機(jī)模型模擬和分析了果蠅神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)對食物來源氣味的反應(yīng)。)”以及最后一段“The results suggest that the transfrmatin f sensry infrmatin int memries in the brain can inspire future machine learning and artificial intelligence applicatins t slving cmplex tasks. (研究結(jié)果表明，將感覺信息轉(zhuǎn)化為大腦中的記憶可以激勵未來的機(jī)器學(xué)習(xí)和人工智能應(yīng)用于解決復(fù)雜任務(wù)。)”可知，這篇文章的主要目的是說明科學(xué)研究的方法和發(fā)現(xiàn)。故選B。
第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)
閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。
The infrmatin age has reached a critical pint, with AI’s superir cmputatin ability surpassing that f humans. A reprt released by Gldman Sachs in March 2023 estimated that AI is capable f ding a quarter f all the wrk currently dne by humans. ___36___ It wuld nt just happen t individuals, but it culd be pretty systematic. Acrss the Eurpean Unin and US, the reprt further ntes, 300 millin jbs are expected t be lst t autmatin.
___37___ Accrding t Martin Frd, authr f Rule f the Rbts: Hw Artificial Intelligence Will Transfrm Everything, three categries are ging t be relatively secure in the freseeable future. ___38___ That means yu’re nt ding frmulaic (程式化的) wrk r just rearranging things, but generating new ideas. Fr example, in the field f science, where yur jb is cming up with a nvel strategy r slutin, there’s ging t be a place fr human beings.
The secnd categry is jbs that require sphisticated interpersnal relatinships like nurses, business cnsultants and investigative jurnalists. These are jbs where yu need a very deep understanding f peple. ___39___
The third safe zne includes jbs that really require lts f mbility and prblem-slving ability in unpredictable envirnments. Electricians, plumbers, welders (焊工) and the like all fall under this umbrella, where yu’re dealing with different situatins all the time.
In shrt, seeking rles in dynamic, shifting envirnments that include unpredictable tasks is gd way t avid jb lss t AI, at least, fr a while. It’s imprtant t nte that an advanced educatin is nt a defense against AI takever. In many cases, mre educated wrkers are ging t be mre threatened than even the least educated wrkers. ___40___ It’s really hard t autmate that jb.
A. That culd be terrible.
B. Hwever, they are nt cming fr all jbs.
C. Thankfully, there are still things AI isn’t capable f.
D. The first wuld be jbs that are genuinely creative.
E. Think f the persn that cleans htel rms.
F. That desn’t necessarily mean all jbs that are cnsidered “creative” are safe.
G. It’ll be a lng time befre AI has the ability t really build relatinships and interact.
【答案】36. A 37. C 38. D 39. G 40. E
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹了一些人工智能無法做到的工作。
【36題詳解】
上文“A reprt released by Gldman Sachs in March 2023 estimated that AI is capable f ding a quarter f all the wrk currently dne by humans. (Gldman Sachs于2023年3月發(fā)布的一份報(bào)告估計(jì)，人工智能能夠完成目前人類所做工作的四分之一。)”以及下文“It wuld nt just happen t individuals, but it culd be pretty systematic. (這不僅會發(fā)生在個(gè)人身上，而且可能是相當(dāng)系統(tǒng)的。)”說明這個(gè)現(xiàn)象很可怕，因此A項(xiàng)“這太可怕了”符合語境，故選A。
【37題詳解】
下文“Accrding t Martin Frd, authr f Rule f the Rbts: Hw Artificial Intelligence Will Transfrm Everything, three categries are ging t be relatively secure in the freseeable future. (《機(jī)器人規(guī)則：人工智能將如何改變一切》一書的作者馬丁·福特表示，在可預(yù)見的未來，三類機(jī)器人將相對安全。)”說明的是仍然有人工智能無法做到的三大類工作，因此C項(xiàng)“謝天謝地，還有一些事情是人工智能無法做到的”概括段意，故選C。
【38題詳解】
上文“three categries are ging t be relatively secure in the freseeable future. (在可預(yù)見的未來，這三個(gè)類別將相對安全。)”以及下文“The secnd categry is jbs that require sphisticated interpersnal relatinships like nurses, business cnsultants and investigative jurnalists. (第二類是需要復(fù)雜人際關(guān)系的工作，如護(hù)士、商業(yè)顧問和調(diào)查記者。)”說明此處需要承接上文，并引出之后兩段的另外兩種工作，因此D項(xiàng)“首先是真正有創(chuàng)造力的工作”符合語境，故選D。
【39題詳解】
上文“The secnd categry is jbs that require sphisticated interpersnal relatinships like nurses, business cnsultants and investigative jurnalists. These are jbs where yu need a very deep understanding f peple. (第二類是需要復(fù)雜人際關(guān)系的工作，如護(hù)士、商業(yè)顧問和調(diào)查記者。在這些工作中，你需要對人有非常深入的了解。)” 說明第二類工作相對安全是因?yàn)樗鼈冃枰獙θ擞猩钊氲牧私?，G項(xiàng)“人工智能還需要很長時(shí)間才能真正建立關(guān)系和互動?！边M(jìn)一步解釋第二類工作可能不受人工智能威脅的原因，故選G。
【40題詳解】
上文“In many cases, mre educated wrkers are ging t be mre threatened than even the least educated wrkers. (在許多情況下，受教育程度更高的工人將比受教育程度最低的工人受到更大的威脅。)”以及下文“It’s really hard t autmate that jb. (要使那項(xiàng)工作自動化真的很難)” 中it指代空處提及的工作，說明使酒店打掃工作自動化很難，即受到人工智能的威脅小，因此E項(xiàng)“想想那個(gè)打掃酒店房間的人吧?！迸e例說明具體的不需要高學(xué)歷的工作，故選E。
第三部分語言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)
第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)
閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。
It was 4 ’clck in the mrning when I received the phne call.
“This is the emergency rm calling and yur sn was just____41____in with serius burns n his face, neck and arms.” The dctr described the____42____, which caused the burns. At 6 a.m., my sn and his friends decided t barbecue hamburgers in the curtyard f their apartment. Unfrtunately, the charcal burst int flames because they had sprayed t much petrl. The flames____43____my sn’s shirt tail and sht frm his waist t well ver his head.
Frtunately, ne f the bys was quick- minded, grasped my sn, and____44____him n the grass. While it saved his life, there was nt enugh____45____t save him frm fearful burns and the terrible scars (傷疤).
After he recvered frm the treatments, the dctrs tld him they wuld nt d plastic surgery (整形手術(shù)) fr 6 mnths ____46____ it tk that lng fr the skin t stp shrinking and wrinkling. S he had t return t cllege with typical scars f burns.
When I was a child my mther tld my sister wh had a very____47____10-inch scar n her arm, “Nancy, if yu ignre the scar, ther peple will ignre it. It des nt mean they will nt____48____it, but it means it will nt matter t them if it desn’t matter t yu.”
I____49____this wisdm n t my sn. He tk my advice t his_____50_____and returned t schl with his head held high-glad he was alive. By the end f the six-mnth waiting perid, he felt that the scars did nt_____51_____, s he made the_____52_____t give up any plastic surgery.
We all have “scars” that we believe will_____53_____peple t keep away frm us. And we spend a lt f time thinking that if we lked different, r dressed differently, peple wuld like us better. But yu see, peple will nly judge yu by yur lks, r yur clthes, if yu are judging yurself by these_____54_____standards. Put yur imperfectins ut f yur mind and cncentrate n what yu value_____55_____yurself, and yur beauty will shine thrugh.
41. A. turnedB. givenC. brughtD. shwn
42. A. eventB. accidentC. reasnD. prcess
43. A. burnedB. heldC. tkD. attracted
44. A. pushedB. rlledC. drppedD. threw
45. A. spaceB. timeC. rmD. place
46. A. ifB. whileC. becauseD. althugh
47. A. specificB. vilentC. bviusD. cruel
48. A. mentinB. nticeC. rejectD. blame
49. A. passedB. keptC. handledD. sent
50. A. bkB. lifeC. spiritD. heart
51. A. grwB. existC. matterD. appear
52. A. attemptB. effrtC. decisinD. cnclusin
53. A. inviteB. causeC. allwD. remind
54. A. casualB. tughC. falseD. general
55. A. byB. verC. beyndD. within
【答案】41. C 42. B 43. A 44. B 45. B 46. C 47. C 48. B 49. A 50. D 51. C 52. C 53. B 54. C 55. D
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。講述作者的兒子由于一場意外，燒傷了自己留下了疤痕。在作者的鼓勵下，作者更專注于內(nèi)心的美麗，不在意身上的傷疤，而放棄做整容手術(shù)的故事。
【41題詳解】
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：“這里是急診室，你的兒子剛剛被送來，他的臉、脖子和手臂都嚴(yán)重?zé)齻??！盇. turned轉(zhuǎn)動；B. given給；C. brught帶來；D. shwn展示。根據(jù)后文的“serius burns n his face, neck and arms”可知，作者的兒子受傷嚴(yán)重，可推知被送進(jìn)急診室。故選C。
【42題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：醫(yī)生描述了造成燒傷的事故。A. event事件；B. accident 意外事故；C. reasn 理由；D. prcess過程。根據(jù)前文的“serius burns n his face, neck and arms”可知，醫(yī)生描述了事故。故選B。
【43題詳解】
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：火焰燒著了我兒子的襯衫尾巴，從他的腰部一直燒到他的頭頂。A. burned燒；B. held拿??；C. tk拿走；D. attracted吸引。根據(jù)前文的“serius burns n his face, neck and arms”和后文“my sn’s shirt tail and sht frm his waist t well ver his head”可知，火焰燒到了作者的兒子。故選A。
【44題詳解】
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：幸運(yùn)是，其中一個(gè)男孩反應(yīng)敏捷，抓住了我的兒子，把他滾到草地上。A. pushed推；B. rlled使……轉(zhuǎn)動，滾動；C. drpped掉下；D. threw拋。根據(jù)后文的“While it saved his life”可知，一個(gè)男孩的行為救了作者兒子的命，根據(jù)常識可知，身上著火時(shí)，在地上滾動可以滅火。故選B。
【45題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：雖然它救了他的命，但沒有足夠的時(shí)間把他從可怕的燒傷和可怕的傷疤中拯救出來。A. space空間；B. time時(shí)間；C. rm房間；D. place地方。根據(jù)后文的“frm fearful burns and the terrible scars”可推知，沒有足夠的時(shí)間把作者的兒子從燒傷中救出來。故選B。
【46題詳解】
考查連詞詞義辨析。句意：在他從治療中恢復(fù)過來后，醫(yī)生告訴他，他們將在6個(gè)月內(nèi)不做整形手術(shù)，因?yàn)槠つw需要很長時(shí)間才能停止萎縮和起皺紋。A. if如果；B. while當(dāng)……時(shí)候；C. because因?yàn)椋籇. althugh盡管。根據(jù)后文的“it tk that lng fr the skin t stp shrinking and wrinkling”可推知，皮膚需要很長時(shí)間才能停止萎縮和起皺紋是前面不能在6個(gè)月內(nèi)做整形手術(shù)的原因。故選C。
【47題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)我還是個(gè)孩子的時(shí)候，我媽媽告訴我妹妹，她的手臂上有一個(gè)非常明顯的10英寸的傷疤。A. specific特定的；B. vilent暴力的；C. bvius明顯的；D. cruel殘酷的。根據(jù)后文的“10-inch scar n her arm”可知，10英寸的傷疤很明顯。故選C。
【48題詳解】
考查動詞辨析。句意：這并不意味著他們不會注意到，而是意味著如果你不留意，他們也不在乎。A. mentin提到；B. ntice留意；C. reject拒絕；D. blame責(zé)怪。根據(jù)后文的“but it means it will nt matter t them if it desn’t matter t yu”可知，如果你不留意，別人也不在意。故選B。
【49題詳解】
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我把這個(gè)智慧傳給了我的兒子。A. passed傳遞；B. kept保持；C. handled解決；D. sent發(fā)送。根據(jù)后文的“t my sn”可知，作者將這個(gè)智慧傳遞給自己兒子。故選A。
【50題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他把我的建議牢記于心，昂首挺胸地回到學(xué)校，慶幸自己還活著。A. bk書；B. life生活；C. spirit精神；D. heart心。根據(jù)后文的“returned t schl with his head held high-glad he was alive”可推知，作者兒子將作者的話牢記于心，才能在身上有傷疤的情況下昂首挺胸地回到學(xué)校。故選D。
【51題詳解】
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：在六個(gè)月的等待期結(jié)束時(shí)，他覺得傷疤并不要緊，所以他決定放棄任何整形手術(shù)。A. grw長大；B. exist存在；C. matter要緊；D. appear出現(xiàn)。根據(jù)后文的“give up any plastic surgery”可知，作者的兒子覺得傷疤并不要緊，所以放棄整形手術(shù)。故選C。
【52題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在六個(gè)月的等待期結(jié)束時(shí)，他覺得傷疤并不重要，所以他決定放棄任何整形手術(shù)。A. attempt嘗試；B. effrt努力；C. decisin決定；D. cnclusin結(jié)論。根據(jù)后文的“give up any plastic surgery”可知，作者的兒子覺得傷疤并不要緊，所以放棄整形手術(shù)。故選C。
【53題詳解】
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我們都有“傷疤”，我們相信這些傷疤會導(dǎo)致別人遠(yuǎn)離我們。A. invite邀請；B. cause導(dǎo)致；C. allw允許；D. remind提醒。根據(jù)后文的“keep away frm us”可知，傷疤會導(dǎo)致別人遠(yuǎn)離我們。故選B。
【54題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：但是你看，如果你用這些錯誤的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)來評判自己，人們只會用你的外表或衣服來評判你。A. casual隨便的；B. tugh艱苦的；C. false錯誤的；D. general普遍的。根據(jù)前文的“ judge yu by yur lks, r yur clthes”可知，如果用這些錯誤的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)來批判自己，人們只會用你的外表或衣服來評判你。故選C。
【55題詳解】
考查介詞詞義辨析。句意：把你的不完美拋諸腦后，專注于你所看重的自己的內(nèi)心深處，你的美麗就會閃耀。A. by由；B. ver超過；C. beynd超出；D. within在……里。根據(jù)前文的“Put yur imperfectins ut f yur mind”和后文的“and yur beauty will shine thrugh”可知，把不完美拋諸腦后，專注于看重自己的內(nèi)心深處，美麗就會閃耀。故選D。
第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分，滿分15分)
閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。
Being a prtective parent culd set yur kids up fr a healthier life as an adult, accrding t new research frm the University f Gergia.
The natinal survey fllwed thusands f ____56____(individual) frm adlescence thrugh their mid-30s. It fund that letting yur kids knw yu have set limits and are keeping an eye n them ____57____(reduce) the risk f physical and mental health in adulthd. “This isn’t just the direct ‘knw where yur kids are’ type f parenting, and it’s nt helicpter parenting ____58____ makes a difference,” said Katherine Ehrlich, c-authr f the study.
The researchers fund a cnnectin between grwing up in a ____59____(little) safe envirnment and physical health limitatins in adulthd. “____60____ is a lt f research t shw that stressful experiences — fr example, feeling unsafe, nt getting the basic resurces that yu need in life r ____61____(expse) t neglect r abuse —____62____(literal) change hw yur bdy functins,” said Crall, a research assciate at Gergia State University.
The study participants wh grew up in unsafe envirnments ____63____ had parents wh were very invlved with their lives didn’t experience the same health prblems ____64____ their peers withut prtective parents. It is likely that the children whse parents gave them curfews (宵禁) and mnitred their friend grups ____65____(prtect) better frm harmful behavirs that wuld have lifelng effects, like smking r drinking, the researchers said.
【答案】56. individuals
57. reduces
58. that 59. less
60. There 61. being expsed
62. literally
63. but 64. as
65. were prtected
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】本文是篇說明文。文章主要講述了根據(jù)佐治亞大學(xué)的一項(xiàng)新研究，做一個(gè)保護(hù)孩子的父母可以讓你的孩子長大后過上更健康的生活。
【56題詳解】
考查名詞復(fù)數(shù)。句意：這項(xiàng)全國性調(diào)查追蹤了數(shù)千名從青春期到35歲左右的人。根據(jù)“thusands f”可知，空處應(yīng)為名詞復(fù)數(shù)，作賓語；individual表示“個(gè)人、個(gè)體”，為可數(shù)名詞，符合句意。故填individuals。
【57題詳解】
考查動詞時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致。句意：研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，讓你的孩子知道你已經(jīng)設(shè)定了限制，并時(shí)刻關(guān)注著這些限制，可以降低他們成年后身心健康的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。空處為謂語動詞，由句意可知，應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，表示客觀事實(shí)；主語是動名詞短語“l(fā)etting yur kids knw...”，故謂語為單數(shù)，與動詞reduce之間為主動關(guān)系。故填reduces。
【58題詳解】
考查強(qiáng)調(diào)句。句意：“這不是直接的‘知道你的孩子在哪里’式的教育，也不是直升機(jī)式育兒帶來改變，”這項(xiàng)研究的合著者Katherine Ehrlich說。本句為it 強(qiáng)調(diào)句型，強(qiáng)調(diào)主語“helicpter parenting”，故應(yīng)用that。故填that。
【59題詳解】
考查副詞比較級。句意：研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，在不太安全的環(huán)境中長大與成年后身體健康受限之間存在聯(lián)系?？仗帒?yīng)用副詞，修飾形容詞“safe”；根據(jù)下文“fr example, feeling unsafe, ”（例如，感到不安全），這里表示“不安全”，little的比較級less可作副詞，less safe意為“更不安全、不太安全”，符合句意。故填less。
【60題詳解】
考查固定句型。句意：“有很多研究表明，壓力經(jīng)歷——例如，感覺不安全，無法獲得生活所需的基本資源，或者受到忽視或虐待——確實(shí)會改變你的身體功能，”佐治亞州立大學(xué)的研究助理Crall說。根據(jù)句意，本句應(yīng)為固定句型there be...，表示“有……”；句首字母大寫。故填There。
【61題詳解】
考查動名詞。句意：同上。根據(jù)“r”可知，空處應(yīng)與“feeling”和“nt getting”為并列成分，故應(yīng)用動名詞形式；expse為及物動詞，表示“暴露、使顯露”，固定短語be expsed t意為“暴露于、遭受”，符合句意，故應(yīng)用being expsed t；故填being expsed。
【62題詳解】
考查副詞。句意：同上?？仗帒?yīng)為副詞，修飾動詞“change”，作狀語；literally為副詞，表示“真正地、確實(shí)地”，符合句意。故填literally。
【63題詳解】
考查并列連詞。句意：在不安全的環(huán)境中長大，但父母對他們的生活非常關(guān)心的研究參與者，與沒有父母保護(hù)的同齡人相比，不會經(jīng)歷同樣的健康問題。空處應(yīng)為并列連詞，連接兩個(gè)并列謂語“grew up”和“had”；根據(jù)句意，兩者之間應(yīng)為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，故應(yīng)用but。故填but。
【64題詳解】
考查介詞。句意：在不安全的環(huán)境中長大，但父母對他們的生活非常關(guān)心的研究參與者，與沒有父母保護(hù)的同齡人相比，不會經(jīng)歷同樣的健康問題?？仗帒?yīng)為介詞，后接名詞短語“their peers”作賓語；固定短語the 表示“和……一樣……”，符合句意。故填as。
【65題詳解】
考查動詞時(shí)態(tài)、語態(tài)和主謂一致。句意：研究人員說，父母讓孩子宵禁并監(jiān)督他們的朋友群的孩子很可能受到更好的保護(hù)，免受吸煙或飲酒等終身影響的有害行為的影響?？仗帒?yīng)為謂語，根據(jù)“gave”、“mnitred”和句意可知，應(yīng)為一般過去時(shí)，表示過去發(fā)生的動作；主語“the children”和動詞prtect之間應(yīng)為被動關(guān)系，表示“孩子被保護(hù)得更好”，謂語動詞為復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填were prtected。
第四部分寫作(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)
第一節(jié) 應(yīng)用文寫作(滿分15分)
66. 假定你是李華，你校英語俱樂部開展主題為“The beauty f China”的短視頻(shrt vide)征集活動，請寫信給留學(xué)生朋友 Chris告知他相關(guān)信息。內(nèi)容包括：
1.活動介紹；
2.視頻要求；
3.鼓勵參加。
注意：
1.寫作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80個(gè)左右；
2.請按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。
Dear Jn,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua
【答案】
Dear Chris,
I hpe this letter finds yu well. I am writing t infrm yu abut the “The Beauty f China” shrt vide cntest being rganized by ur schl’s English club and I strngly recmmend yu give it a sht.
Participants are required t create a shrt vide that captures the essence f the cuntry’s beauty, highlighting its rich cultures and inspiring thers t appreciate its charm. The vide must be n lnger than three minutes and the deadline fr the vide submissin is March 29th. I strngly encurage yu t participate in this cntest as it prvides an excellent pprtunity t shwcase yur creativity, learn mre abut Chinese culture, and ptentially win a prize. Mrever, it will be a great chance fr yu t cnnect with ther students and share yur experiences.
I’m lking frward t yur excellent perfrmance in the cntest!
Yurs,
Li Hua
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】本篇書面表達(dá)屬于應(yīng)用文。要求考生寫信給留學(xué)生朋友Chris，告知他校英語俱樂部開展的主題為“The beauty f China”的短視頻(shrt vide)征集活動的相關(guān)信息。
【詳解】1.詞匯積累
希望：hpe→wish
競賽：cntest→cmpetitin
激勵：inspire→mtivate
欣賞：appreciate→admire
2.句式拓展
句型轉(zhuǎn)換
原句：Participants are required t create a shrt vide that captures the essence f the cuntry’s beauty, highlighting its rich cultures and inspiring thers t appreciate its charm.
拓展句：Participants are required t create a shrt vide that captures the essence f the cuntry’s beauty, which highlights its rich cultures and inspires thers t appreciate its charm.
【高分句型1】Participants are required t create a shrt vide that captures the essence f the cuntry’s beauty, highlighting its rich cultures and inspiring thers t appreciate its charm. (運(yùn)用了that引導(dǎo)的限制性定語從句)
【高分句型2】I strngly encurage yu t participate in this cntest as it prvides an excellent pprtunity t shwcase yur creativity, learn mre abut Chinese culture, and ptentially win a prize. (運(yùn)用了as引導(dǎo)的原因狀語從句)
第二節(jié) 讀后續(xù)寫(滿分25分)
67. 閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)所給情節(jié)進(jìn)行續(xù)寫，使之構(gòu)成一個(gè)完整的故事。
An A fr Mrs. B
I was sitting next t Missy in my ninth-grade wrld histry class when Mrs. Bartlett annunced a new prject. In grups, we were t create a newspaper arund the culture we were studying.
On a piece f paper, we wrte the names f three friends we wanted in ur grup. After cllecting all the requests, Mrs. B. infrmed us that she wuld take int cnsideratin the names we chse and wuld let us knw the results the next day. I had n dubt I wuld get the grup f my chice. Only a few peple behaved nrmally in the class, and Missy was ne f them. I knew we had chsen each ther.
The next day, I anxiusly waited fr the class. After the bell rang, Missy and I stpped talking as Mrs. B called fr ur attentin. She started t call ut names. When she reached grup three, Missy’s name was called. S, I’m in grup three,I thught. The secnd, third and furth members f the grup were called. My name was nt included. There had t be sme mistake!
Then I heard it. The last grup: “Maur, Juliette, Rachel, Karina.” I culd feel the tears well in my eyes. Hw culd I face being in that grup—the by wh rarely spke English, the ne girl wh was always cvered by skirts that went dwn t her ankles, and the ther girl wh wre weird clthes. Oh, hw badly I wanted t be with my friends.
I fught back tears as I walked up t Mrs. B. She lked at me and knew what I was there fr. I was determined t cnvince her I shuld be in the “gd” grup. “Why. . . ?” I started.
She gently placed a hand n my shulder. “I knw what yu want, Karina,” she said, “but yur grup needs yu. I need yu t help them get a passing grade n this assignment. Only yu can help them.”
I was stunned. I was cnfused. I was amazed. She had seen smething in me I hadn’t seen.
“Will yu help them?” she asked.
I std straighter. “Yes,” I replied. I culdn’t believe it came ut f my muth, but it did. I had cmmitted.
注意：
1. 續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右;
2. 請按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。
Para1:
I bravely walked t where the thers in my grup sat.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Para2:
In the end, Mrs. B gave us an A n that assignment.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Pssible versin 1:
I bravely walked t where the thers in my grup sat. Encuraged by their big smiles, I sat dwn and led the prject. Accrding t persnal interests and what they were gd at, I assigned them with different clumns f the newspaper. Halfway thrugh it, I felt myself enjying the cmpany f these three peple. Gradually, I learned that Maur had few friends because he was struggling with the English language; Juliette wre lng skirts r dresses every day because f her religin; Rachel had a burning desire t be a fashin designer s she had a whle barrel f unique ideas. Finally, with ur cperatin, ur assignment was successfully finished.
In the end, Mrs. B gave us an A n that assignment. She annunced t the whle class that the newspaper designed by ur grup was elabrately laid ut and carefully edited, with rich cultural knwledge. Our jy and happiness were beynd descriptin. After that semester ended, I always received a friendly hell frm my grup. Many years later, I didn’t recall anything abut the newspaper, but I did feel frtunate t be given the pprtunity t see in myself a ptential that inspired my actins. It is Mrs B’s insight, visin and thughtfulness that bring ut the ptential in fur f her students. She is the ne wh truly deserves the grade A.
Pssible versin 2:
I bravely walked t where the thers in my grup sat. Resilient student as I was, I knew that in all my academic years, this seminar gt t be the hardest nut t crack. Even s, I felt relieved when I saw them beaming with delight at me. The very natural and heart-warming smiles culd hardly be ignred. Fllwing a few greetings, we plunged right int the task at hand. Sme were brainstrming a string f brilliant ideas while thers were investigating cultures n the Internet in an energy-draining yet wrthwhile manner. Teaming up with ne anther, everyne shared their passin and wisdm individually and cllectively.
In the end, Mrs B gave us an A n that assignment. It was thrilling t see ur painstaking effrts finally paid ff. We hugged tightly, sheer excitement radiating frm ur lightened cheeks. This cheerful episde lingered lng after the prject was cmpleted, serving as a sweet reminder f my new friends. Additinally, the whle rdealals set me reflecting n hw cnceited I had been t allw unreasnable grievances t dminate me in the first place. Thanks t Mrs. B, I’ve learned t appreciate thers’ inner strengths as well as enlightening minds. As such, I believe grade A shuld ultimately belng t Mrs. B, a real mentr with a keen understanding f what educatin is meant fr.
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】本文以人物為線索展開，講述了在完成小組任務(wù)時(shí)，老師有意地把作者分到一個(gè)較差的小組去帶領(lǐng)他們完成任務(wù)，作者一開始并不情愿，但為了不辜負(fù)老師的信任，最終帶領(lǐng)小組很好地完成了任務(wù)。期間，作者也對這些自己原來持有偏見的同學(xué)有了更深的認(rèn)識，并由衷地感謝老師的安排。
【詳解】1.段落續(xù)寫：
①由第一段首句內(nèi)容“我勇敢地走向我的組員的位置”可知，第一段可描寫通過作者和其他成員的共同合作，最終完成了任務(wù)。
②由第二段首句內(nèi)容“最后，Mrs. B給我們的作業(yè)評了A?！笨芍?，第二段可描寫作者的喜悅及感悟。
2續(xù)寫線索：了解組員——消除疑惑——共同合作——完成任務(wù)——喜悅——感悟
3.詞匯激活
行為類
①鼓勵：encurage/inspire/mtivate
②完成：finish/accmplish/cmplete
③想起：recall/remember/recllect
情緒類
①喜悅：jy/happiness/delight/enjyment
②友好：friendly/crdial/amicable
[高分句型1] Gradually, I learned that Maur had few friends because he was struggling with the English language（運(yùn)用了that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句及because引導(dǎo)的原因狀語從句。）
[高分句型2]It is Mrs B’s insight, visin and thughtfulness that bring ut the ptential in fur f her students.（運(yùn)用了it 強(qiáng)調(diào)句的句型。）

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