But why des this happen? Experiments fund that the 5. f music n the heart is based n the functining f the brain. When we hear music, the sund waves are translated int electrical impulses(神經(jīng)沖動(dòng)) by the 6. . As it is related t the increasing and decreasing f the heart rate, the related effect is prduced. Nw, is it that nly 7. music brings ut this effect? Well, listening t sft r relaxing music is surely mre 8. . Hwever, listening t any type f music yu like can be 9. , rather than nt listening t any music at all.
It is believed that peple wh have a slwer heart rate have a lnger life. 10. , peple having a faster heart rate are at a greater 11. f suffering frm cardivascular(心血管的) diseases. Therefre, having a slwer heart rate makes yu live a lnger and healthier life. When 12. slws dwn the heart rate, it brings abut a feeling f 13. . Therefre, it is used as a 14. technique. We can cnclude by saying that the phrase "Music heals(治療) the heart" is nt just a saying, but a(n) 15. !
()33. A. selflessness B. helplessness C. calmness D. sadness
1.A.btainsB.evaluatesC.measuresD.increases
2.A.natureB.a(chǎn)nxietyC.respectD.security
3.A.integratedB.changedC.linkedD.marked
4.A.cmparedB.a(chǎn)daptedC.expsedD.ppsed
5.A.styleB.effectC.fantasyD.beauty
6.A.structureB.musicC.brainD.equipment
7.A.nrmalB.flkC.mdernD.sft
8.A.a(chǎn)bnrmalB.unbearableC.unfrgettableD.beneficial
9.A.helpfulB.jyfulC.gratefulD.dubtful
10.A.InterestinglyB.SimilarlyC.AbslutelyD.Unbelievably
11.A.limitB.cmpetitinC.riskD.fame
12.A.temperatureB.medicineC.danceD.music
13.A.learningB.relaxatinC.permissinD.cperatin
14.A.learningB.relaxatinC.permissinD.cperatin
15.A.factB.resurceC.a(chǎn)dviceD.intentin
閱讀下面短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。
In many ways, Gitanjali Ra is an rdinary 11-year-ld, lively and chatty, yet her scientific spirit makes a huge difference. Last mnth, she 16. the tp prize at the Discvery Educatin 3M Yung Scientist Challenge fr her inventin.
What 17. Gitanjali's wrk was that her city faced a water emergency with t much lead in its water. "The idea didn't 18. t me until I saw my parents try t d water tests. The test strips may shw inaccurate results, which weren't very 19. ."
She recalls. She then searched fr suitable materials with cntinued effrts and 20. fund that carbn nantube(納米管) sensrs can be used t sense chemicals. Gitanjali 21. t build a small blue husing using the 3-D printer at her schl with cmputer chips and a battery inside. A free app, which Gitanjali designed under 22. frm her cmputer science teacher, gives instant 23. and sends the data t a linked phne thrugh an attached device.
The prcess f designing her prject wasn't always 24. , thugh. Kathleen Shafer, a scientist paired with Gitanjali as her teacher in summer, 25. alng the way. In the award ceremny, Gitanjali als 26. her parents with cnstant supprt and 27. t try "crazy ideas". Gitanjali received $25, 000 t further develp her prgram alng with the great 28. f winning the cntest. Accrding t Shafer, wh 29. Gitanjali, "she shws a lt f mtivatin t slve 30. issues thrugh science".
16.A.earnedB.designedC.fferedD.made
17.A.expsedB.imprvedC.definedD.inspired
18.A.stickB.belngC.ccurD.a(chǎn)pply
19.A.simpleB.reliableC.predictableD.creative
20.A.initiallyB.immediatelyC.temprarilyD.eventually
21.A.managedB.prmisedC.pretendedD.happened
22.A.bservatinB.cmmandC.instructinD.cntrl
23.A.a(chǎn)ccessB.resultsC.decisinsD.a(chǎn)pprval
24.A.ptinalB.cmpleteC.cntinuusD.smth
25.A.changedB.riskedC.helpedD.fllwed
26.A.stressesB.creditsC.impressesD.prvides
27.A.encuragementB.requestC.struggleD.pressure
28.A.frtuneB.intentinC.hnrD.ptential
29.A.keeps up withB.gets alng with
C.takes care fD.speaks highly f
30.A.cmmercialB.practicalC.a(chǎn)cademicD.systematic
完形填空
Scientists in Nrway have sme gd news fr cffee drinkers. Researchers have already fund evidence that the drink r the beans can help with weight lss, 31. ne's risk f develping sme diseases, prmte muscle grwth, prtect against certain types f cancers and can even reduce ne's risk f premature(早于預(yù)期的) death, amng many ther 32. . Nw it is said that a cup f 33. reduces physical pain.
The surprising finding is 34. a study invlving 48 vlunteers wh agreed t spend 90 minutes perfrming cmputer tasks meant t finish ffice wrk. The tasks were knwn t 35. pain in the shulders, neck, frearms and wrists. The researchers wanted t 36. hw peple with pain and thse wh were pain-free tlerated(忍受) the pain f such tasks. "As a matter f cnvenience, the scientists allwed peple t drink cffee befre taking the test t avid 37. effects f caffeine lack, e. g. decreased vigr, sleepiness, and exhaustin, " they reprted.
When it came time t analyze the data, the researchers frm Nrway's Natinal Institute f Occupatinal Health and Osl University Hspital nticed that the 19 peple wh drank cffee reprted a 38. intensity(強(qiáng)度) f pain than the 29 peple wh didn't. In the shulders and neck, 39. , the average pain was rated 41 (n a 100-pint scale) amng the cffee drinkers and 55 fr the nn-cffee drinkers. Similar gaps were fund fr all pain sites measured, and cffee's bvius pain-reductin effect 40. .
Hwever, the authrs f the study, which was published this week in the jurnal, BMCResearchNtes, warn that the results f the study cme with many 41. . Fr starters, the researchers dn't knw hw much cffee the cffee drinkers cnsumed(消耗) befre taking the cmputer tests. 42. , they dubt whether the cffee drinkers and nn-cffee drinkers were 43. in all aspects except fr their cffee cnsumptin. Prblems like these tend t 44. the imprtance f the findings. But thse dubts are 45. t truble the cffee drinkers lking fr any reasn nt t cut back n their daily caffeine habit.
31.A.takeB.reduceC.increaseD.face
32.A.trendsB.a(chǎn)dviceC.benefitsD.prmtins
33.A.milkB.waterC.ckeD.cffee
34.A.based nB.fnd fC.different frmD.regarded as
35.A.causeB.indicateC.easeD.relieve
36.A.warnB.cmpareC.cureD.treat
37.A.unpleasantB.mdestC.significantD.psitive
38.A.lwerB.higherC.shrterD.lnger
39.A.in additinB.a(chǎn)s a resultC.fr exampleD.in ne wrd
40.A.turned upB.tk upC.put upD.gave up
41.A.satisfactinB.uncertaintiesC.a(chǎn)ttentinD.respnses
42.A.MreverB.HweverC.OtherwiseD.Nevertheless
43.A.guiltyB.similarC.differentD.prper
44.A.realizeB.ObserveC.measureD.weaken
45.A.unlikelyB.rderlyC.jealusD.Capable
Fr each blank in the fllwing passage there are fur wrds r phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the wrd r phrase that best fits the cntext.
Fr the cuntry that invented railways, Britain has shwn remarkably little interest in them lately. New netwrks have been built arund Eurpe in the past few decades, but the nly significant stretch f 46. laid in Britain in a century is the 67-mile HS1 railway that links Lndn t the Channel Tunnel. 47. , the cuntry has half as much track as it had in 1963. Yet while Britain has an almst American 48. t invest in railways, its cmmuting patterns are Eurpean; 10% f jurneys are by rail, cmpared with 9% in Germany and less than 1% in America.
Britain's big 49. is that, because it has built n new high-speed lines, it runs fast intercity trains n the same track as slw cmmuter nes. Lng 50. have t be left between slw and express trains. The need t make way fr high-speed trains thus 51. the number f cmmuter services, and vice versa.
Eight years ag, the gvernment decided t change this by building a new 345-mile railway frm Lndn t the nrth f England. Thugh branded as High Speed 2, its principal jb was t bst capacity rather than 52. .
Rail is an increasingly significant part f the transprt mix. Climate change is making carbn-efficiency even mre imprtant. At the same time, passenger numbers have gne beynd 53. . The gvernment had expected passenger vlumes t increase by 17%- 21% in the decade frm 2011; actually, they were up by 24% within just seven years and are expected t g n 54. at a similar rate.
The benefit-t-cst rati (BCR) calculated fr HS2, at arund ne, is hardly acknwledged. But just as the csts f big transprt prjects are ften 55. , s are their lng-term benefits. The extensin t Lndn's Jubilee tube line, 56. , was apprved with a BCR f less than ne, but recent analysis suggests that it has been mre like 1.75. And that includes nly the prfits that g directly t the railway, nt the 57. cnsequences f the recvery f Lndn's Dcklands area, which the tube line made pssible.
The main pint f HS2, similarly, is its impact n the cities and twns alng its 58. and beynd. Bris Jhnsn, the prime minister, is n a missin t bst grwth in nrthern and western areas 59. by the cuntry's Lndn-centred pattern f grwth. On its wn HS2 wn't make that happen, but ding s withut a new railway wuld be 60. . The success f the "Nrthern Pwerhuse" rail scheme, t link the nrth's big twns, depends n it.
46.A.landB.trackC.highwayD.water
47.A.BesidesB.IndeedC.FrtunatelyD.Likewise
48.A.qualificatinB.eagernessC.reluctanceD.ptential
49.A.theryB.a(chǎn)mbitinC.prblemD.slutin
50.A.gapsB.listsC.linesD.days
51.A.highlightsB.increasesC.cuntsD.limits
52.A.speedB.lengthC.quantityD.quality
53.A.recrdsB.frecastsC.a(chǎn)veragesD.scpes
54.A.varyingB.decliningC.grwingD.remaining
55.A.sharedB.underestimatedC.verlkedD.realized
56.A.fr instanceB.a(chǎn)s a result
C.in additinD.ut f prblem
57.A.pliticalB.culturalC.ecnmicD.histric
58.A.backB.brderC.surfaceD.rute
59.A.settled dwnB.put frwardC.taken verD.left behind
60.A.tughB.flexibleC.innvativeD.vacant
閱讀下面短文,從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中,選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。
Fr thusands f years, peple have knwn that the best way t understand a cncept is t explain it t thers. "While we teach, we 61. , "said Rman philspher Seneca. Nw scientists are bringing this ancient wisdm up-t-date. They're 62. why teaching is such a fruitful way t learn.
Researchers have fund that students wh teach thers wrk harder t 63. the material, and apply it mre 64. . Student teachers scre higher n tests than pupils wh're learning nly fr themselves. But hw can children, 65. learning themselves, teach thers? One answer: They can teach yunger kids. Sme studies have fund that first-brn children are mre 66. than their later-brn siblings (兄弟姐妹). This suggests their higher IQs result frm the time they spend teaching their siblings.
Nw educatrs are experimenting with ways t 67. this mdel t schlwrk. They engage cllege undergraduates t teach cmputer science t high schl students, wh then 68. instruct middle schl students n the tpic. But the mst cutting-edge tl is the "teachable agent"—a cmputerized character wh learns, tries, makes mistakes and asks questins just like a real-wrld 69. . Cmputer scientists have created an animated (動(dòng)畫(huà)的)figure called Betty's Brain, wh has been "taught" abut science by middle schl students. Student teachers are mtivated t help Betty 70. certain materials. While preparing t teach, they rganize their knwledge and imprve their understanding. And as they explain the infrmatin t it, they identify prblems in their wn 71. .
Feedback frm the teachable agent 72. imprves the teachers' learning. The agents' questins drive student teachers t think and explain the materials in different 73. , and watching the agent slve prblems allws the emtins ne experiences int actin. 74. , it's the emtins ne experiences in teaching that help learning. Student teachers feel 75. when their teachable agents fail, but happy when these pupils succeed as they gain pride and satisfactin frm smene else's achievement.
61.A.learnB.dubtC.grwD.practice
62.A.valuingB.prvingC.questiningD.a(chǎn)ssuming
63.A.prepareB.PreserveC.exchangeD.understand
64.A.fficiallyB.effectivelyC.fluentlyD.carefully
65.A.stillB.evenC.thughD.nce
66.A.curiusB.energeticC.independentD.a(chǎn)cademic
67.A.a(chǎn)ddB.a(chǎn)pplyC.fferD.shw
68.A.a(chǎn)s wellB.a(chǎn)t nceC.in turnD.f curse
69.A.teacherB.parentC.siblingD.pupil
70.A.a(chǎn)rrangeB.markC.masterD.link
71.A.thinkingB.readingC.inspiratinD.guidance
72.A.shrtlyB.hardlyC.ratherD.further
73.A.waysB.casesC.placesD.rders
74.A.In allB.After allC.Abve allD.Fr all
75.A.satisfiedB.sickC.pleasedD.upset
閱讀下面短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。
Yu may have nticed sme changes in yur grandparents. As they get ld, they start 76. things. And the lder they get, the 77. things they will frget. Fr example, they may nt be able t 78. where they left their glasses, r they may frget the names f their clse friends. If yu dn't want t 79. memries very early, put dwn yur sandwiches. A new study published in a science magazine shws that cutting calries can 80. peple's (especially the ld peple's) memry.
Calrie restrictin (熱量限制) let lab animals live lnger. And these 81. animals seemed t be 82. . But it wasn't clear 83. it was the same with peple.
In the latest 84. , scientists asked 50 elderly wmen t 85. the number f calries they cnsumed (吃,喝) by a third. After three mnths, the 86. fund that the wmen were nt nly 87. , but they were better than they had been at 88. wrds — they remembered mre wrds than ever, which suggested that keeping calries under 89. culd help keep the brain 90. .
In a wrd, the less yu eat, the mre yu will remember.
76.A.missingB.understandingC.frgettingD.lving
77.A.lessB.mreC.fartherD.deeper
78.A.rememberB.leaveC.findD.believe
79.A.getB.clseC.practiceD.lse
80.A.reduceB.imprveC.testD.damage
81.A.littleB.happyC.dangerusD.hungry
82.A.healthierB.weakerC.higherD.better
83.A.whatB.whyC.whetherD.hw
84.A.magazineB.matchC.studyD.exercise
85.A.putB.cutC.increaseD.take
86.A.researchersB.farmersC.teachersD.pstmen
87.A.fatterB.higherC.shrterD.thinner
88.A.writingB.memrizingC.recgnizingD.drawing
89.A.cntrlB.limitC.reductinD.repair
90.A.weakB.tiredC.fitD.hard
閱讀下面短文,從每題所給的 A、B、C、D 四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。
Rckets were prbably invented by accident abut 2000 years ag. The Chinese had a frm f gunpwder which was put in bamb tubes and thrwn int fires t make 91. ·during festivals. Perhaps sme f the tubes jumped ut f the fire instead f explding in it. The Chinese discvered that the gunpwder 92. frm the tube culd lift it int the air. The idea f the rcket was 93. .
The first 94. use f rckets was in 1232. The Sng Dynasty was at war with the Mngls. During the 95. f Kaifeng, the Sng army 96. "arrws f flying fire". The tubes were 97. t a lng stick which helped keep the rcket mving in a straight directin. 98. the Mngls learned hw t make rckets themselves and it is pssible that they 99. them t Eurpe. Between the 13th and 15th century there were many rcket 100. in England, France and Italy. They were used fr military purpses. One Italian scientist even invented a rcket which culd travel ver the surface f water and hit a(an) 101. ship.
Nt everybdy wanted t use rckets in battles. Wan Hu, a Chinese gvernment fficial, invented a 102. chair. He fixed tw big kites t the chair, and 47 rckets t the kites. The rckets were lit, there was a huge explsin and 103. f thick smke. When the smke 104. Wan Hu and his chair had disappeared, n ne knws what happened. Did Wan Hu die in the explsin? Or was he carried miles int space, becming the wrld's first 105. ?
91.A.cuisinesB.decratinsC.explsinsD.differences
92.A.flyingB.escapingC.firingD.ging
93.A.brnB.burstC.fundD.imprved
94.A.pliticalB.fficialC.militaryD.scientific
95.A.ccupatinB.a(chǎn)ttackC.searchD.battle
96.A.sentB.shtC.drveD.set
97.A.tiedB.shakenC.wrappedD.blwn
98.A.FinallyB.SuddenlyC.SnD.Thus
99.A.deliveredB.threwC.passedD.intrduced
100.A.transfrmatinsB.perfrmances
C.experimentsD.exhibitins
101.A.businessB.fficialC.transprtatinD.enemy
102.A.flyingB.divingC.surfingD.blwing
103.A.packsB.cludsC.massesD.piles
104.A.fadedB.cmpletedC.liftedD.reflected
105.A.scientistB.researcherC.a(chǎn)strnautD.explrer
完形填空
Next week, as millins f families gather fr their Thanksgiving feasts(大餐), many ther Americans will g withut. Accrding t the United States Department f Agriculture, mre than 12 millin husehlds 106. enugh fd fr everyne in their family at sme time during the year — including 107. .
Hunger is surprisingly widespread in ur cuntry — ne f the wrld's wealthiest — yet the gvernment estimates that we waste almst 100 billin punds f fd each year, mre than ne-quarter f ur ttal supply.
Reducing this imprper distributin f 108. is a gal f America's Secnd Harvest, the natin's largest dmestic hunger-relief rganizatin. Last year, it 109. nearly 2 billin punds f fd t mre than 23 millin peple in need.
America's Secnd Harvest is a netwrk f 214 inter-cnnected fd banks and ther rganizatins that 110. fd frm grwers, prcessrs, grcery stres and restaurants. 111. , the netwrk distributes fd t sme 50,000 sup kitchens (施食處), hmeless 112. and ld peple's centers in every cunty f every state.
A great deal f wrk is invlved in distributing tns f fd frm thusands f 113. t thusands f small, nn-prfit rganizatins. Until a few years ag, America's Secnd Harvest lacked any 114. way t manage their inventry (存貨). Withut accurate and timely infrmatin, sup kitchens were smetimes empty while fd was left t 115. in lading places.
In 2000, America's Secnd Harvest began t use a new inventry and financial-management system — Ceres. It is a 116. designed specifically fr hunger-relief peratins. It is used by mre than 100 America's Secnd Harvest rganizatins t 117. fd frm dnatin t distributin.
Ceres has helped 118. the spiling f fd and imprve distributin. An evaluatin fund that the sftware streamlined (精簡(jiǎn)) fd banks' peratins by 23 percent in the first year alne.
With mre accurate and timely reprts, Ceres saves time, frees staff members t fcus n finding new dnrs, and 119. mre efficient use f dnatins.
Hunger in America remains a(n) 120. scial prblem. Technlgy alne cannt slve it. But in the hands f rganizatins such as America's Secnd Harvest, it is a pwerful tl that is helping t make a difference — and helping mre Americans t jin in the feast.
106.A.serveB.lackC.reserveD.rder
107.A.wrkdaysB.birthdaysC.hlidaysD.paydays
108.A.resurcesB.incmesC.missinsD.services
109.A.expsedB.intrducedC.distributedD.a(chǎn)ddicted
110.A.harvestB.prepareC.recmmendD.gather
111.A.Fr exampleB.In cntrastC.Abve allD.In turn
112.A.backyardsB.sheltersC.garagesD.cabins
113.A.dnrsB.survivrsC.farmersD.victims
114.A.innvativeB.impressiveC.effectiveD.prductive
115.A.grwB.recycleC.spilD.stir
116.A.theryB.a(chǎn)ctinC.remedyD.sftware
117.A.a(chǎn)dvertiseB.relieveC.trackD.migrate
118.A.prduceB.reduceC.shiftD.simplify
119.A.prmisesB.ceasesC.a(chǎn)dmitsD.lcates
120.A.trublingB.demandingC.tuchingD.impsing
閱讀下面短文,從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中,選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。
Children knw the difference between right and wrng befre they reach the age f tw, accrding t new research 121. recently.
Scientists have 122. that babies aged between 19 and 21 mnths understand fairness and can 123. it in different situatins. They say it is the first time that having a 124. f fairness has been identified in children at such a yung 125. .
Researchers say babies will watch a 126. fr lnger if they think it cntains smething unfair, s in tw experiments the babies were 127. n hw lng they watched a live scenari(情景)abut fairness.
In the first, 19-mnth-lds 128. tw giraffe puppets(玩偶) given either a ty each r bth tys t ne f the giraffes. Lnger lking times 129. that smething was unusual r 130. t the baby. In this experiment, three-quarters f the babies lked lnger when ne giraffe gt 131. tys.
In a secnd experiment, tw wmen 132. each ther with a pile f small 133. between them and an empty plastic bx in frnt f each f them In ne scenari, ne wman 134. put the tys away, while the ther kept playing, but bth wmen were given 135. . In anther scenari, bth wmen put the tys away and bth gt a reward. The 136. 21-mnth-ld babies lked reliably 137. when the wrker and the slacker(偷懶的人) were rewarded equally.
Psychlgist Stephanie Slane, wh led the study at Illinis University, said:" We discvered that 19 and 21-mnth-ld babies have a general 138. f faimess, and they can apply it 139. t different situatins. "
The 140. appear in Psychlgical Science, a jurnal published by the Assciatin fr Psychlgical Science.
121.A.cnductedB.reviewedC.publishedD.prcessed
122.A.hpedB.fundC.warnedD.a(chǎn)greed
123.A.a(chǎn)pplyB.feelC.prveD.a(chǎn)ccess
124.A.rangeB.matterC.senseD.cmbinatin
125.A.lifeB.marketC.a(chǎn)geD.class
126.A.perfrmanceB.tapeC.sceneD.play
127.A.timedB.testedC.educatedD.placed
128.A.receivedB.includedC.tkD.saw
129.A.recmmendedB.ntedC.statedD.indicated
130.A.uniqueB.unexpectedC.difficultD.unknwn
131.A.severalB.therC.bthD.n
132.A.facedB.helpedC.treatedD.tuched
133.A.bksB.stnesC.clthesD.tys
134.A.dutifullyB.simplyC.quicklyD.eventually
135.A.instructinsB.ptinsC.creditsD.rewards
136.A.grwingB.watchingC.cryingD.sleeping
137.A.fartherB.lngerC.clserD.deeper
138.A.patternB.descriptinC.expectatinD.explanatin
139.A.directlyB.earlyC.creativelyD.a(chǎn)pprpriately
140.A.limitatinsB.requirementsC.theriesD.findings
Fr each blank in the fllwing passage there are fur wrds r phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the wrd r phrase that best fits the cntext.
I've been fascinated by happiness mst f my life. When I was a small by, I nticed that thugh many f the adults arund me were wealthy and educated, they were nt always happy and this smetimes led them t behave in ways which l, as a child, thught strange. 141. , I decided t understand what happiness was and hw best t achieve it. It was nt surprising, then, that I decided t study 142. .
On arrival at the University f Chicag fifty years ag, I was 143. t find that academic psychlgists were trying t understand human behavir by studying rats in a labratry. I felt that there must be ther mre useful ways f learning hw we think and feel. Althugh my riginal aim had been t achieve happiness fr myself, I became mre 144. _. I decided t build my career n trying t discver what made thers happy als. I 145. by studying creative peple such as musicians, artists and athletes because they were peple wh devted their lives t ding what they wanted t d, 146. things that just brught them financial rewards.
Later, I 147. the study by inventing a system called" the experience sampling methd". Ordinary peple were asked t keep an electrnic pager fr a week which gave ut a beeping sund eight times a day. Every time it did s, they 148. _where they were, what they were ding, hw they felt and hw much they were cncentrating. This system has nw been used n mre than 10,000 peple and the answers are 149. as with creative peple, rdinary peple are happiest when cncentrating hard.
After carrying ut thirty years f research and writing eighteen bks, I believe I have 150. _that happiness is quite different frm what mst peple imagine. Peple need mre than just wealth and cmfrt in rder t lead happy lives. I fund that the mst bvius cause f happiness is intense 151. _. This must be the main reasn why activities such as music, art, literature and sprts have survived. In rder t stay fcused, whether yu're reading a pem r building a sandcastle, what yu need is a challenge that 152. yur ability. The way t remain cntinually 153. therefre, is t keep finding new pprtunities t imprve yur skills. This may mean learning t d yur jb better r faster, r ding ther mre difficult jbs. As yu grw lder yu have t find new challenges, which are mre apprpriate t yur age.
I have spent my life studying happiness and nw, as I lk back, I wnder if I have 154. it. Overall, I think I have and my belief that l have fund the 155. t its secret has increased my happiness immeasurably.
141.A.On the whleB.As a result
C.T sme degreeD.In the meantime
142.A.physilgyB.a(chǎn)ctingC.medicineD.psychlgy
143.A.disappintedB.a(chǎn)mazedC.relievedD.a(chǎn)nnyed
144.A.sympatheticB.a(chǎn)mbitiusC.idealisticD.dubtful
145.A.tk ffB.std upC.started utD.brke thrugh
146.A.nt t mentinB.a(chǎn)s well asC.rather thanD.in favr f
147.A.expandedB.interpretedC.defendedD.evaluated
148.A.made upB.bjected tC.depended nD.nted dwn
149.A.cnsistentB.a(chǎn)mbiguusC.cmmnD.ridiculus
150.A.impliedB.prvedC.prmisedD.questined
151.A.a(chǎn)warenessB.pressureC.cncentratinD.desire
152.A.a(chǎn)ffrdsB.bservesC.underratesD.matches
153.A.cautiusB.healthyC.riginalD.happy
154.A.a(chǎn)chievedB.deservedC.cnsideredD.struck
155.A.referencesB.extensinsC.keysD.links
答案解析部分
【答案】1.D;2.B;3.C;4.A;5.B;6.C;7.D;8.D;9.A;10.B;11.C;12.D;13.C;14.B;15.A
【知識(shí)點(diǎn)】科普環(huán)保類(lèi);說(shuō)明文;其他類(lèi)
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文,介紹了不同節(jié)奏和音量大小不同的音樂(lè)對(duì)我們的心率、乃至生命有很大影響。
【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考查完形填空。答題時(shí)首先要跳過(guò)空格,通讀文章掌握大意。然后細(xì)讀文章,字斟句酌逐一作答,注意考慮句型、語(yǔ)法、搭配、語(yǔ)境等因素。最后通讀一遍檢查驗(yàn)證。
1.句意:根據(jù)這一經(jīng)驗(yàn),我們可以得出這樣的結(jié)論:響亮而快速的音樂(lè)能加快心率。A. btains獲得;B. evaluates評(píng)價(jià);C. measures測(cè)量;D. increases增加。根據(jù)上文"Have yu experienced a cnditin when listening t a very lud music makes yur heartbeat s fast that yu can actually feel the heavy beating?(你是否經(jīng)歷過(guò)這樣的情況:聽(tīng)非常大聲的音樂(lè)會(huì)讓你的心跳非??欤灾劣谀隳苷媲械馗惺艿匠林氐牟珓?dòng)?)"可知,快速而大聲的音樂(lè)會(huì)加快心率。故選D。
2.句意:因此,當(dāng)我們聽(tīng)聲音大、速度快的音樂(lè)時(shí),我們會(huì)感到高度焦慮和壓力。A. nature自然;B. anxiety焦慮;C. respect尊重;D. security安全。根據(jù)下文"and stress"可知,聲音大、速度快的音樂(lè)令人感到高度焦慮和壓力。故選B。
3.句意:相反,輕柔的音樂(lè)與較慢的心率有關(guān)。A. integrated合并;B. changed改變;C. linked連接;D. marked標(biāo)記。根據(jù)下文"t a slwer heart rate"可知,輕柔的音樂(lè)與較慢的心率有關(guān),短語(yǔ)be linked t表示"與……有關(guān)"。故選C。
4.句意:與那些聽(tīng)聲音大、節(jié)奏快的音樂(lè)或根本不聽(tīng)音樂(lè)的人相比,聽(tīng)輕松音樂(lè)的人心率較慢。A. cmpared比較;B. adapted改編;C. expsed接觸;D. ppsed反對(duì)。根據(jù)下文"t thse listening t lud and fast music, r thse nt listening t music at all"可知,此處將聽(tīng)輕松音樂(lè)的人和那些聽(tīng)聲音大、節(jié)奏快的音樂(lè)或根本不聽(tīng)音樂(lè)的人進(jìn)行比較。故選A。
5.句意:實(shí)驗(yàn)發(fā)現(xiàn),音樂(lè)對(duì)心臟的影響基于大腦的功能。A. style風(fēng)格;B. effect影響;C. fantasy幻想;D. beauty美麗。根據(jù)下文"f music n the heart"以及上文提到音樂(lè)快慢與心率有關(guān)可知,音樂(lè)對(duì)心臟有影響。故選B。
6.句意:當(dāng)我們聽(tīng)到音樂(lè)時(shí),聲波被大腦轉(zhuǎn)化為電脈沖。A. structure結(jié)構(gòu);B. music音樂(lè);C. brain大腦;D. equipment裝備。根據(jù)上文"n the functining f the brain"可知,此處是在說(shuō)明聽(tīng)音樂(lè)時(shí),聲波被大腦轉(zhuǎn)化為電脈沖。故選C。
7.句意:那么,是不是只有輕柔的音樂(lè)才能產(chǎn)生這種效果呢?A. nrmal正常的;B. flk傳統(tǒng)的;C. mdern現(xiàn)代的;D. sft柔軟的。根據(jù)下文"Well, listening t sft r relaxing music"可知,此處指輕柔的音樂(lè)。故選D。
8.句意:嗯,聽(tīng)柔和或放松的音樂(lè)肯定更有益。A. abnrmal反常的;B. unbearable難以忍受的;C. unfrgettable難忘的;D. beneficial有益的。根據(jù)上文可知,聽(tīng)柔和的音樂(lè)可以減慢心率,即更有益。故選D。
9.句意:然而,聽(tīng)你喜歡的任何類(lèi)型的音樂(lè)都是有幫助的,而不是什么音樂(lè)都不聽(tīng)。A. helpful有幫助的;B. jyful快樂(lè)的;C. grateful感謝的;D. dubtful懷疑的。上文hwever表示轉(zhuǎn)折,根據(jù)下文"rather than nt listening t any music at all"可知,這里指聽(tīng)你喜歡的任何類(lèi)型的音樂(lè)都是有幫助的,而不是什么音樂(lè)都不聽(tīng)。故選A。
10.句意:類(lèi)似地,心率較快的人患心血管疾病的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)也更大。A. Interestingly有趣地;B. Similarly相似地;C. Abslutely絕對(duì);D. Unbelievably難以置信地。根據(jù)上文"It is believed that peple wh have a slwer heart rate have a lnger life. (人們認(rèn)為心率較慢的人壽命更長(zhǎng))"可知,心率較慢的人壽命更長(zhǎng),類(lèi)似地,心率較快的人患心血管疾病的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)也更大。故選B。
11.句意:類(lèi)似地,心率較快的人患心血管疾病的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)也更大。A. limit限制;B. cmpetitin比賽;C. risk風(fēng)險(xiǎn);D. fame名譽(yù)。根據(jù)下文"f suffering frm cardivascular diseases"可知,此處指患心血管疾病的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。故選C。
12.句意:當(dāng)音樂(lè)減慢心率時(shí),它會(huì)帶來(lái)一種平靜的感覺(jué)。A. temperature溫度;B. medicine藥物;C. dance舞蹈;D. music音樂(lè)。根據(jù)上文可知,全文都在說(shuō)明慢速音樂(lè)對(duì)心臟的影響,此處指當(dāng)音樂(lè)減慢心率時(shí),它會(huì)帶來(lái)一種平靜的感覺(jué)。故選D。
13.句意:當(dāng)音樂(lè)減慢心率時(shí),它會(huì)帶來(lái)一種平靜的感覺(jué)。A. selflessness無(wú)私;B. helplessness無(wú)助;C. calmness平靜;D. sadness悲傷。根據(jù)上文"slws dwn the heart rate, it brings abut a feeling f"可知,音樂(lè)減慢心率時(shí)會(huì)帶來(lái)一種平靜的感覺(jué)。故選C。
14.句意:因此,它被用作一種放松技巧。A. learning學(xué)習(xí);B. relaxatin放松;C. permissin允許;D. cperatin合作。根據(jù)上文"Well, listening t sft r relaxing music"可知,慢速音樂(lè)可以是一種放松技巧。故選B。
15.句意:我們可以這樣總結(jié):"音樂(lè)治愈心靈"這句話不僅僅是一句諺語(yǔ),而是一個(gè)事實(shí)!A. fact事實(shí);B. resurce資源;C. advice建議;D. intentin意圖。上文通過(guò)科學(xué)研究證實(shí)了"音樂(lè)治愈心靈"這句話,所以這句話不僅僅是一句諺語(yǔ),而是一個(gè)事實(shí)。故選A。
【答案】16.A;17.D;18.C;19.B;20.D;21.A;22.C;23.B;24.D;25.C;26.B;27.A;28.C;29.D;30.B
【知識(shí)點(diǎn)】人物故事類(lèi);科普環(huán)保類(lèi);記敘文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講的是11歲女生Gitanjali Ra研發(fā)出一款免費(fèi)程序,可以靈敏探測(cè)水中的鉛含量,贏得少年科學(xué)家挑戰(zhàn)賽一等獎(jiǎng)的故事。
【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考查完形填空。答題時(shí)首先要跳過(guò)空格,通讀文章掌握大意。然后細(xì)讀文章,字斟句酌逐一作答,注意考慮句型、語(yǔ)法、搭配、語(yǔ)境等因素。最后通讀一遍檢查驗(yàn)證。
16.句意:上個(gè)月,她因其發(fā)明創(chuàng)造贏得了少年科學(xué)家獎(jiǎng)。A. earned 贏得;B. designed 設(shè)計(jì);C. ffered 提供;D.made 制作。由上文的"her scientific spirit makes a huge difference"和后文 "award ceremny",可知她的發(fā)明獲得了獎(jiǎng)勵(lì),所以是贏得獎(jiǎng)項(xiàng),故選A。
17.句意:激發(fā) Gitanjali 工作的緣由是城市面臨水中含有過(guò)量鉛的危機(jī)。A. expsed 暴露,顯示;B. imprved 提升;C. defined 定義;D. inspired 激發(fā),啟示。從后文的"the idea",可知此處強(qiáng)調(diào)發(fā)明創(chuàng)造的緣由,故選D。
18.句意:直到我看到父母嘗試去做水質(zhì)測(cè)試,我才想到這個(gè)主意。A. stick 堅(jiān)持;B. belng 屬于;C. ccur 出現(xiàn),發(fā)生;D. apply 適用于。ccur t sb是固定短語(yǔ),意"某人突然想起……",故選C。
19.句意:測(cè)試條可能顯示不準(zhǔn)確的結(jié)果,因此不可靠。A. simple 簡(jiǎn)單的;B. reliable 可靠的;C. predictable 可預(yù)測(cè)的;D. creative 有創(chuàng)意的。根據(jù)上文中的"inaccurate",可知結(jié)構(gòu)不可靠,故選B。
20.句意:她隨后堅(jiān)持不懈地尋找合適的材料,終于發(fā)現(xiàn)碳納米管可以被用來(lái)探測(cè)化學(xué)物質(zhì)。A. initially 最初地;B. immediately 立刻地;C. temprarily 暫時(shí)地;D. eventually 最終地。根據(jù)上文中的"with cntinued effrts",可知過(guò)程并不容易,故選D。
21.句意:她設(shè)法在學(xué)校使用 3D 打印機(jī)建造了一個(gè)小藍(lán)箱,里面有計(jì)算機(jī)芯片和電池。A. managed 設(shè)法做成;B. prmised 承諾;C. pretended 假裝;D. happened 碰巧。根據(jù)文意,此處介紹發(fā)明的具體形式,經(jīng)過(guò)努力,最終"設(shè)法manage"完成了設(shè)計(jì),故選A。
22.句意:在電腦科學(xué)老師的指導(dǎo)下,她設(shè)計(jì)了一款免費(fèi) 的程序。A. bservatin 觀察;B. cmmand 命令;C. instructin 指導(dǎo);D. cntrl 控制。根據(jù)下一段中的"Kathleen Shafer, a scientist paired with Gitanjali as her teacher in summer",可知她的科學(xué)項(xiàng)目是在老師的指導(dǎo)下完成的,故選 C。
23.句意:這款程序可以給出瞬時(shí)的結(jié)果,并傳送數(shù)據(jù)到相連接的手機(jī)上。A. access 通道;B. results 結(jié)果;C. decisins 決定;D. apprval 同意。根據(jù)文意和此空后面的data可知,本句介紹程序的具體使用方法,此處指測(cè)試的數(shù)據(jù)結(jié)果,故選B。
24.句意:然而,設(shè)計(jì)項(xiàng)目的過(guò)程并不總是順利的。A. ptinal 選擇性的;B. cmplete 完整的;C. cntinuus 持續(xù)的;D. smth 順利的。根據(jù)下文內(nèi)容可知,老師的指導(dǎo)和父母的鼓勵(lì)給她提供了支持,同時(shí) "thugh"表示轉(zhuǎn)折,強(qiáng)調(diào)過(guò)程的不"順利smth",故選D。
25.句意:Kathleen Shafer,與她組隊(duì)擔(dān)任她暑期教師的科學(xué)家,全程幫助了她。A .changed 改變;B. risked 冒險(xiǎn);C. helped 幫助;D. fllwed 跟隨。根據(jù)上文"under instructin frm her cmputer science teacher",可知老師給了她很大的幫助,此處選 C。
26.句意:在頒獎(jiǎng)典禮上,她也感謝了父母親不斷的支持。A. stresses 給……壓力;B. credits 把……歸功于;C. impresses 使……印象深刻;D. prvides 為……提供。上句話提到老師的幫助,此處是多虧了家長(zhǎng)的的支持,故選B。
27.句意:她感謝父母持續(xù)的鼓勵(lì),去嘗試"瘋狂的想法"。A. encuragement 鼓勵(lì);B. request 請(qǐng)求;C. struggle 掙扎;D. pressure 壓力。與空格前的"supprt支持"可以并列的只有選項(xiàng)中的"encuragement鼓勵(lì)",故選 A。
28.句意:她獲得了獎(jiǎng)金去進(jìn)一步研發(fā)程序,同時(shí)獲得了贏得比賽的榮譽(yù)。A. frtune 運(yùn)氣;B. intentin 意圖;C. hnr 榮譽(yù);D. ptential 潛力。根據(jù)空格后" winning the cntest贏得比賽,這是一項(xiàng)"榮譽(yù)hnr,故選C。
29.句意:Shafer對(duì)她高度贊揚(yáng)。A. keeps up with 與…… 齊頭并進(jìn);B. gets alng with 與……相處融洽;C. takes care f 照顧;D. speaks highly f 高度贊揚(yáng)。根據(jù)下文的"she shws a lt f mtivatin她表現(xiàn)得很有動(dòng)力",可知 Shafer對(duì)Gitanjali評(píng)價(jià)很高,故選D。
30.句意:她展示出了極大的動(dòng)力去通過(guò)科學(xué)的方式解決實(shí)際的問(wèn)題。A. cmmercial 商業(yè)的;B. practical 實(shí)際的;C. academic 學(xué)術(shù)的;D. systematic 系統(tǒng)的。根據(jù)上文, Gitanjali 運(yùn)用科學(xué)知識(shí)解決的是自己生活中飲用水鉛元素超標(biāo)的實(shí)際檢測(cè)問(wèn)題,故選B。
【答案】31.B;32.C;33.D;34.A;35.A;36.B;37.A;38.A;39.C;40.A;41.B;42.A;43.B;44.D;45.A
【知識(shí)點(diǎn)】科普環(huán)保類(lèi);說(shuō)明文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文,研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)咖啡這種飲料或咖啡豆有助于減肥,降低患某些疾病的風(fēng)險(xiǎn),促進(jìn)肌肉生長(zhǎng),預(yù)防某些類(lèi)型的癌癥,甚至可以降低過(guò)早死亡的風(fēng)險(xiǎn),還有許多其他好處。同時(shí)文章說(shuō)明了這項(xiàng)研究的過(guò)程以及研究結(jié)果,然而這項(xiàng)研究的作者警告說(shuō)研究仍有許多不確定性。
【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考查完形填空,本題考點(diǎn)涉及動(dòng)詞,名詞,形容詞,副詞,固定短語(yǔ)等多個(gè)知識(shí)點(diǎn)的考查,是一篇科研類(lèi)閱讀,要求考生在理解細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上,進(jìn)一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系,進(jìn)行分析推理,從而選出正確答案。
31.句意:研究人員已經(jīng)發(fā)現(xiàn)證據(jù)表明,這種飲料或豆類(lèi)有助于減肥,減少患某些疾病的風(fēng)險(xiǎn),促進(jìn)肌肉生長(zhǎng),預(yù)防某些類(lèi)型的癌癥,甚至可以降低過(guò)早死亡的風(fēng)險(xiǎn),還有許多其他好處。A. take"帶走";B. reduce"減少";C. increase"增加";D. face"面對(duì)"。根據(jù)空后"prmte muscle grwth, prtect against certain types f cancers and can even reduce ne's risk f premature death"可知,此處講述咖啡飲料的優(yōu)點(diǎn),故此處指減少患某些疾病的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。故選B。
32.句意:研究人員已經(jīng)發(fā)現(xiàn)證據(jù)表明,這種飲料或豆類(lèi)有助于減肥,降低患某些疾病的風(fēng)險(xiǎn),促進(jìn)肌肉生長(zhǎng),預(yù)防某些類(lèi)型的癌癥,甚至可以降低過(guò)早死亡的風(fēng)險(xiǎn),還有許多其他好處。A. trends"趨勢(shì)";B. advice"建議";C. benefits"好處";D. prmtins"升職"。根據(jù)空前"prmte muscle grwth, prtect against certain types f cancers and can even reduce ne's risk f premature death"講述咖啡飲料的優(yōu)點(diǎn)可知,這些都是這種飲料的優(yōu)點(diǎn)好處,故選C。
33.句意:現(xiàn)在據(jù)說(shuō)一杯咖啡可以減輕身體的疼痛。A. milk"牛奶";B. water"水";C. cke"可樂(lè)";D. cffee"咖啡"。根據(jù)上文"Scientists in Nrway have sme gd news fr cffee drinkers."可知此處說(shuō)的是咖啡。故選D。
34.句意:這一驚人的發(fā)現(xiàn)是基于一項(xiàng)涉及48名志愿者的研究,他們同意花90分鐘執(zhí)行電腦任務(wù)來(lái)完成辦公室工作。A. based n"基于";B. fnd f"喜歡";C. different frm"不同于";D. regarded as"被認(rèn)為是"。根據(jù)空后"a study invlving 48 vlunteers wh agreed t spend 90 minutes perfrming cmputer tasks meant t finish ffice wrk."可知此處指這項(xiàng)發(fā)現(xiàn)是基于一項(xiàng)研究。故選A。
35.句意:這些任務(wù)會(huì)造成肩膀、脖子、前臂和手腕疼痛。A. cause"造成";B. indicate"表明";C. ease"緩解";D. relieve"解除"。結(jié)合常識(shí)和空后"pain in the shulders, neck, frearms and wrists"可知這些任務(wù)會(huì)造成肩膀、脖子、前臂和手腕疼痛。故選A。
36.句意:研究人員想要比較有疼痛感的人和那些沒(méi)有疼痛感的人是如何忍受這類(lèi)任務(wù)的疼痛的。A. warn"警告";B. cmpare"比較";C. cure"治愈";D. treat"對(duì)待"。根據(jù)空后"hw peple with pain and thse wh were pain-free tlerated the pain f such tasks"可知,研究人員比較了有疼痛感的人和那些沒(méi)有疼痛感的人。故選B。
37.句意:為了方便起見(jiàn),科學(xué)家們?cè)试S人們?cè)跍y(cè)試前喝咖啡,"以避免咖啡因缺乏的不良影響,如活力下降、嗜睡和疲憊。"A. unpleasant"不愉快的";B. mdest"謙虛的";C. significant"意義重大的";D. psitive"積極的"。根據(jù)空后"decreased vigr, sleepiness, and exhaustin"可知活力下降、嗜睡和疲憊都是不良影響。unpleasant effects"不良影響"。故選A。
38.句意:到了分析數(shù)據(jù)時(shí),來(lái)自挪威國(guó)家職業(yè)健康研究所和奧斯陸大學(xué)醫(yī)院的研究人員注意到,喝咖啡的19名受試者報(bào)告的疼痛強(qiáng)度低于不喝咖啡的29名受試者。A. lwer"更低的";B. higher"更高的";C. shrter"更短的";D. lnger"更長(zhǎng)的"。根據(jù)下文"average pain was rated 41 (n a 100-pint scale) amng the cffee drinkers and 55 fr the nn-cffee drinkers"可知喝咖啡的19名受試者報(bào)告的疼痛強(qiáng)度低于不喝咖啡的29名受試者。故選A。
39.句意:例如,在肩部和頸部,喝咖啡的人的平均疼痛程度為41分(滿分100分),而不喝咖啡的人為55分。A. in additin"此外";B. as a result"結(jié)果";C. fr example"例如";D. in ne wrd"總之"。根據(jù)上文"pain in the shulders, neck, frearms and wrists."可知測(cè)試的身體部位有肩膀、脖子等,此處列舉了肩部和頸部作為例子,故選C。
40.句意:在所有測(cè)量的痛覺(jué)部位都發(fā)現(xiàn)了類(lèi)似的差異,結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)咖啡有明顯的止痛效果。A. turned up"出現(xiàn)";B. tk up"接受,占據(jù)";C. put up"舉起,張貼";D. gave up"放棄"。根據(jù)空前"Similar gaps were fund fr all pain sites measured,"可知測(cè)試中都表現(xiàn)出了咖啡的止痛效果,故選A。
41.句意:然而,本周發(fā)表在BMC Research Ntes雜志上的這項(xiàng)研究的作者警告說(shuō),這項(xiàng)研究的結(jié)果存在許多不確定性。A. preparatins"準(zhǔn)備";B. uncertainties"不確定性";C. centers"中心";D. respnses"響應(yīng)"。根據(jù)下文"Fr starters, the researchers dn't knw hw much cffee the cffee drinkers cnsumed befre taking the cmputer tests."可知研究人員不知道喝咖啡的人在接受電腦測(cè)試前喝了多少咖啡,故這項(xiàng)研究的結(jié)果存在許多不確定性。故選B。
42.句意:此外,他們懷疑喝咖啡的人和不喝咖啡的人除了喝咖啡外,其他各方面是否相似。A. Mrever"此外";B. Hwever"然而";C. Otherwise"否則";D. Nevertheless"然而"。根據(jù)上文"Fr starters, the researchers dn't knw hw much cffee the cffee drinkers cnsumed befre taking the cmputer tests."表示進(jìn)一步說(shuō)明,故選A。
43.句意:此外,他們懷疑喝咖啡的人和不喝咖啡的人除了喝咖啡外,其他各方面是否相似。A. guilty"內(nèi)疚的";B. similar"相似的";C. different"不同的";D. prper"適當(dāng)?shù)?。根據(jù)空后"in all aspects except fr their cffee cnsumptin"可知,喝咖啡的人和不喝咖啡的人除了喝咖啡外,其他各方面是否相似對(duì)研究結(jié)果也會(huì)有影響。故選B。
44.句意:這類(lèi)問(wèn)題往往會(huì)削弱研究結(jié)果的重要性。A. realize"意識(shí)到";B. bserve"觀察";C. measure"測(cè)量";D. weaken"削弱"。根據(jù)空前"Prblems like these tend t"和空后"the imprtance f the findings"可知這些類(lèi)似的問(wèn)題往往會(huì)削弱研究結(jié)果的可信度,故選D。
45.句意:但這些疑慮不太可能困擾那些尋找任何理由不減少日常咖啡因習(xí)慣的咖啡飲用者。A. unlikely"不可能的";B. rderly"有序的";C. jealus"嫉妒的";D. capable"有能力的"。根據(jù)空后"truble the cffee drinkers lking fr any reasn nt t cut back n their daily caffeine habit"可知這些疑慮不太可能困擾那些尋找任何理由不減少日常咖啡因習(xí)慣的咖啡飲用者。故選A。
【答案】46.B;47.B;48.A;49.C;50.A;51.D;52.A;53.B;54.C;55.B;56.A;57.C;58.D;59.D;60.A
【知識(shí)點(diǎn)】科普環(huán)保類(lèi);說(shuō)明文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文,解釋了英國(guó)為什么要實(shí)施HS2計(jì)劃的原因。
【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考查完形填空,本題考點(diǎn)涉及動(dòng)詞,名詞,形容詞,副詞,固定短語(yǔ)等多個(gè)知識(shí)點(diǎn)的考查,是一篇科技類(lèi)閱讀,要求考生在理解細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上,進(jìn)一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系,進(jìn)行分析推理,從而選出正確答案。
46.句意:在過(guò)去的幾十年里,歐洲各地都修建了新的鐵路網(wǎng)絡(luò),但英國(guó)在一個(gè)世紀(jì)里鋪設(shè)的唯一一段重要的鐵軌是連接倫敦和英吉利海峽隧道的67英里長(zhǎng)的HS1鐵路。A. land"陸地";B. track"軌道";C. highway"公路";D. water"水"。根據(jù)空后"the 67-mile HS1 railway"可知此處指英國(guó)在一個(gè)世紀(jì)里鋪設(shè)的唯一一段重要的鐵軌是連接倫敦和英吉利海峽隧道的67英里長(zhǎng)的HS1鐵路。故選B。
47.句意:事實(shí)上,這個(gè)國(guó)家現(xiàn)在的鐵軌只有1963年的一半。A. Besides"此外";B. Indeed|"確實(shí),事實(shí)上";C. Frtunately"幸運(yùn)地";D. Likewise"同樣地"。根據(jù)空后"the cuntry has half as much track as it had in 1963"是在陳述英國(guó)鐵軌長(zhǎng)度的事實(shí)。故選B。
48.句意:然而,盡管英國(guó)像美國(guó)人一樣不愿投資鐵路,但其通勤模式卻是歐洲人的:10%的出行是乘火車(chē),相比之下,德國(guó)是9%,美國(guó)是不到1%。A. qualificatin"資格";B. eagerness"渴望";C. reluctance"不情愿";D. ptential"潛能"。根據(jù)上文"the cuntry has half as much track as it had in 1963"可知英國(guó)現(xiàn)在的鐵軌只有1963年的一半,說(shuō)明不愿意投資鐵路建設(shè)。故選C。
49.句意:英國(guó)的大問(wèn)題是,由于沒(méi)有修建新的高速鐵路,它在高速城際列車(chē)和慢速通勤列車(chē)的同一軌道上運(yùn)行。A. thery"理論";B. ambitin"抱負(fù)";C. prblem"問(wèn)題";D. slutin"解決方案"。根據(jù)空后"it runs fast intercity trains n the same track as slw cmmuter nes"是在描述英國(guó)鐵路的問(wèn)題。故選C。
50.句意:慢車(chē)和快車(chē)之間必須有很長(zhǎng)的間隔。A. gaps"缺口,間隔";B. lists"清單";C. lines"隊(duì)伍";D. perids"時(shí)期"。根據(jù)上文"it runs fast intercity trains n the same track as slw cmmuter nes"以及后文"The need t make way fr high-speed trains"可知,慢車(chē)和快車(chē)之間必須有很長(zhǎng)的間隔。故選A。
51.句意:為高速列車(chē)讓路的需要限制了通勤服務(wù)的數(shù)量,反之亦然。A. highlights"強(qiáng)調(diào)";B. increases"增加";C. cunts"計(jì)數(shù)";D. limits"限制"。根據(jù)空前"The need t make way fr high-speed trains"可知,為高速列車(chē)讓路的需要限制了通勤服務(wù)的數(shù)量。故選D。
52.句意:盡管被冠以"高速2號(hào)"的稱(chēng)號(hào),但它的主要工作是提高容量,而不是速度。A. speed"速度";B. length"長(zhǎng)度";C. quantity"數(shù)量";D. quality"質(zhì)量"。根據(jù)空前"its principal jb was t imprve capacity rather than"可知"高速2號(hào)"鐵路的主要工作是提高容量,而不是速度。故選A。
53.句意:與此同時(shí),乘客數(shù)量也超出了預(yù)期。A. recrds"記錄";B. frecasts"預(yù)言";C. averages"平均";D. scpes"范圍"。根據(jù)下文"The gvernment had expected passenger vlumes t increase by 17-21% in the decade frm 2011; actually, they were up by 24% within just seven years"可知乘客數(shù)量在增加,超出了預(yù)期。故選B。
54.句意:政府曾預(yù)計(jì),在2011年之后的十年里,客運(yùn)量將增長(zhǎng)17到21%;實(shí)際上,在短短7年時(shí)間里,他們?cè)鲩L(zhǎng)了24%,并預(yù)計(jì)將繼續(xù)以類(lèi)似的速度增長(zhǎng)。A. varying"變化";B. declining"下降";C. grwing"成長(zhǎng)";D. remaining"保持"。根據(jù)空前"The gvernment had expected passenger vlumes t increase by 17-21% in the decade frm 2011; actually, they were up by 24% within just seven years"可知乘客數(shù)量在增加,并且預(yù)計(jì)將繼續(xù)以類(lèi)似的速度增長(zhǎng)。故選C。
55.句意:但是,正如大型運(yùn)輸項(xiàng)目的成本經(jīng)常被低估一樣,它們的長(zhǎng)期利益也是如此。A. shared"分享";B. underestimated"低估";C. verlked"忽略";D. realized "認(rèn)識(shí)到,實(shí)現(xiàn)"。根據(jù)空前"The benefit-t-cst rati (BCR) calculated fr HS2, at arund ne, is hardly acknwledged. But just as the csts f big transprt prjects are ften"可知,HS2的效益成本比率約為1,這幾乎不為人知,說(shuō)明成本經(jīng)常被低估。故選B。
56.句意:例如,倫敦朱比里地鐵線的擴(kuò)建工程獲得批準(zhǔn)時(shí),BCR低于1,但最近的分析顯示,BCR更接近1.75。A. fr instance"例如";B. as a result"結(jié)果";C. in additin"此外";D. ut f prblem"毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)"。此處是在就上文提到的大型運(yùn)輸項(xiàng)目長(zhǎng)期利益被低估而進(jìn)行舉例,故選A。
57.句意:而且,這只包括直接流向鐵路的利潤(rùn),而不包括倫敦碼頭區(qū)復(fù)蘇的經(jīng)濟(jì)后果,而這正是地鐵線路所帶來(lái)的。A. plitical"政治的";B. cultural"文化的";C. ecnmic"經(jīng)濟(jì)的";D. histric"歷史的"。根據(jù)空后"cnsequences f the recvery f Lndn's Dcklands area"指地鐵線路為倫敦碼頭區(qū)的經(jīng)濟(jì)帶來(lái)復(fù)蘇。故選C。
58.句意:同樣,HS2項(xiàng)目的重點(diǎn)在于其對(duì)沿線及周邊城鎮(zhèn)的影響。A. back "后面,后背";B. brder"邊界";C. surface"表面";D. rute"路線"。根據(jù)空前"twns alng its"指鐵路沿線,應(yīng)用rute。故選D。
59.句意:英國(guó)首相鮑里斯?約翰遜的使命是促進(jìn)北部和西部地區(qū)的增長(zhǎng),這兩個(gè)地區(qū)被英國(guó)以倫敦為中心的增長(zhǎng)模式拋在了后面。A. settled dwn"定居";B. put frward"提出";C. taken ver"接管";D. left behind"遺留"。根據(jù)空前"Bris Jhnsn, the prime minister, is n a missin t prmte grwth in nrthern and western areas"可知,促進(jìn)北部和西部地區(qū)是被英國(guó)以倫敦為中心的增長(zhǎng)模式拋在后面的區(qū)域,故選D。
60.句意:HS2單靠自己無(wú)法實(shí)現(xiàn)這一點(diǎn),但如果沒(méi)有一條新的鐵路,實(shí)現(xiàn)這一目標(biāo)將會(huì)非常困難。A. tugh"艱難的";B. flexible"靈活的";C. innvative"革新的";D. vacant"空著的"。根據(jù)空前"On its wn HS2 wn't make that happen, but ding s withut a new railway wuld be"可知,HS2單靠自己無(wú)法實(shí)現(xiàn)這一點(diǎn),但如果沒(méi)有一條新的鐵路,實(shí)現(xiàn)這一目標(biāo)將會(huì)非常困難。故選A。
【答案】61.A;62.B;63.D;64.B;65.A;66.D;67.B;68.C;69.D;70.C;71.A;72.D;73.A;74.C;75.D
【知識(shí)點(diǎn)】科普環(huán)保類(lèi);說(shuō)明文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文,通過(guò)研究者的研究以及教育家的實(shí)驗(yàn)證明了教別人是一種有效的學(xué)習(xí)方式。
【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考查完形填空,本題考點(diǎn)涉及動(dòng)詞,名詞,形容詞,副詞,固定短語(yǔ)等多個(gè)知識(shí)點(diǎn)的考查,是一篇科研類(lèi)閱讀,要求考生在理解細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上,進(jìn)一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系,進(jìn)行分析推理,從而選出正確答案。
61.句意:羅馬哲學(xué)家塞內(nèi)加說(shuō)過(guò):“我們一邊教書(shū),一邊學(xué)習(xí)?!盇. learn“學(xué)習(xí)”;B. dubt“懷疑”;C. grw“生長(zhǎng)”;D. practice“練習(xí)”。根據(jù)上文“the best way t understand a cncept is t explain it t thers”可知,此處表示“我們一邊教書(shū),一邊學(xué)習(xí)”。故選A。
62.句意:他們?cè)谧C明為什么教學(xué)是一種卓有成效的學(xué)習(xí)方式。A. valuing“評(píng)價(jià)”;B. prving“證明”;C. questining“質(zhì)疑”;D. assuming“假設(shè)”。根據(jù)上文“Nw scientists are bringing this ancient wisdm up-t-date”可知,他們?cè)谧C明為什么教學(xué)是一種卓有成效的學(xué)習(xí)方式。故選B。
63.句意:研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn),教別人的學(xué)生更努力地理解材料,并更有效地應(yīng)用它。A. prepare“準(zhǔn)備”;B. preserve“保存”;C. exchange“交換”;D. understand“理解”。根據(jù)上文“the best way t understand a cncept”和下文“the material”可知,句子表示“教別人的學(xué)生更努力地理解材料”。故選D。
64.句意:研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn),教別人的學(xué)生更努力地理解材料,并更有效地應(yīng)用它。A. fficially“官方地”;B. effectively“有效地”;C. fluently“流利地”;D. carefully“仔細(xì)地”。根據(jù)下文“Student teachers scre higher n tests than pupils wh're learning nly fr themselves”可知,教別人的學(xué)生更努力地理解材料,并更有效地應(yīng)用它。故選B。
65.句意:但是,那些仍在學(xué)習(xí)的孩子怎么能教別人呢?A. still“仍然”;B. even“甚至”;C. thugh“然而”;D. nce“曾經(jīng)”。根據(jù)空前“children”和空后“l(fā)earning themselves”可知,句子表示“那些仍在學(xué)習(xí)的孩子怎么能教別人”。故選A。
66.句意:一些研究發(fā)現(xiàn),頭胎的孩子比后生的兄弟姐妹學(xué)習(xí)能力更強(qiáng)。A. curius“好奇的”;B. energetic“精力充沛的”;C. independent“獨(dú)立的”;D. academic“善于學(xué)習(xí)的”。根據(jù)下文“This suggests their higher IQs result frm the time they spend teaching their siblings”可知,頭胎的孩子比后生的兄弟姐妹學(xué)習(xí)能力更強(qiáng)。故選D。
67.句意:現(xiàn)在,教育家們正在試驗(yàn)將這種模式應(yīng)用到學(xué)校作業(yè)中的方法。A. add“加”;B. apply“應(yīng)用”;C. ffer“主動(dòng)提供”;D. shw“展示”。根據(jù)空后“this mdel t schlwrk”可知,教育家們正在試驗(yàn)將這種模式應(yīng)用到學(xué)校作業(yè)中的方法。故選B。
68.句意:他們聘請(qǐng)大學(xué)本科生向高中生教授計(jì)算機(jī)科學(xué),高中生則轉(zhuǎn)而指導(dǎo)中學(xué)生。A. as well“同樣地”;B. at nce“立刻”;C. in turn“轉(zhuǎn)而”;D. f curse“當(dāng)然”。根據(jù)空前“teach cmputer science t high schl students”和空后“instruct middle schl students n the tpic”可知,他們聘請(qǐng)大學(xué)本科生向高中生教授計(jì)算機(jī)科學(xué),高中生則轉(zhuǎn)而指導(dǎo)中學(xué)生。故選C。
69.句意:但最先進(jìn)的工具是可教的“代理”——一個(gè)計(jì)算機(jī)化的角色,它像現(xiàn)實(shí)世界的學(xué)生一樣學(xué)習(xí)、嘗試、犯錯(cuò)誤并提出問(wèn)題。A. teacher“老師”;B. parent“父母”;C. sibling“兄弟姊妹”;D. pupil“學(xué)生”。根據(jù)空前“a cmputerized character wh learns, tries, makes mistakes and asks questins just like a real-wrld”可知,句子表示“它像現(xiàn)實(shí)世界的學(xué)生一樣學(xué)習(xí)、嘗試、犯錯(cuò)誤并提出問(wèn)題”。故選D。
70.句意:實(shí)習(xí)老師有動(dòng)力幫助貝蒂掌握某些材料。A. arrange“安排”;B. mark“標(biāo)記”;C. master“掌握”;D. link“連接”。根據(jù)上文“students wh teach thers wrk harder t 3 the material”和下文“certain materials”可知,句子表示“實(shí)習(xí)老師有動(dòng)力幫助貝蒂掌握某些材料”。故選C。
71.句意:當(dāng)他們向它解釋信息時(shí),他們發(fā)現(xiàn)了自己思維中的問(wèn)題。A. thinking“思維”;B. reading“閱讀”;C. inspiratin“靈感”;D. guidance“指引”。根據(jù)空前“they identify prblems in their wn”可知,句子表示“當(dāng)他們向它解釋信息時(shí),他們發(fā)現(xiàn)了自己思維中的問(wèn)題”。故選A。
72.句意:可教代理的反饋進(jìn)一步提高了教師的學(xué)習(xí)效果。A. shrtly“立刻”;B. hardly“幾乎不”;C. rather“相當(dāng)”;D. further“進(jìn)一步地”。根據(jù)空前“Feedback frm the teachable agent”和空后“imprves the teachers' learning”可知,句子表示“可教代理的反饋進(jìn)一步提高了教師的學(xué)習(xí)效果”。故選D。
73.句意:代理的問(wèn)題驅(qū)使學(xué)生教師以不同的方式思考和解釋材料,觀看代理解決問(wèn)題可以讓一個(gè)人的情感體驗(yàn)轉(zhuǎn)化為行動(dòng)。A. ways“方式”;B. cases“例子”;C. places“地方”;D. rders“命令”。根據(jù)空前“explain the materials in different”可知,句子表示“代理的問(wèn)題驅(qū)使學(xué)生教師以不同的方式思考和解釋材料”。故選A。
74.句意:首先,一個(gè)人在教學(xué)中經(jīng)歷的情緒有助于學(xué)習(xí)。A. In all“總共”;B. After all“畢竟”;C. Abve all“首先”;D. Fr all“對(duì)所有人來(lái)說(shuō)”。根據(jù)空前“watching the agent slve prblems allws the emtins ne experiences int actin”可知,句子表示“首先,一個(gè)人在教學(xué)中經(jīng)歷的情緒有助于學(xué)習(xí)”。故選C。
75.句意:當(dāng)他們的可教的學(xué)生失敗時(shí),實(shí)習(xí)老師會(huì)感到沮喪,但當(dāng)這些學(xué)生成功時(shí),他們會(huì)從別人的成就中獲得驕傲和滿足,他們會(huì)感到高興。A. satisfied“滿意的”;B. sick“生病的”;C. pleased“愉快的”;D. upset“沮喪的”。根據(jù)空后“when their teachable agents fail”可知,當(dāng)他們的可教的學(xué)生失敗時(shí),實(shí)習(xí)老師會(huì)感到沮喪。故選D。
【答案】76.C;77.B;78.A;79.D;80.B;81.D;82.A;83.C;84.C;85.B;86.A;87.D;88.B;89.A;90.C
【知識(shí)點(diǎn)】科普環(huán)保類(lèi);說(shuō)明文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文,研究表明,控制飲食有助于保持良好的記憶力。
【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考查完形填空,本題考點(diǎn)涉及動(dòng)詞,名詞,形容詞,主語(yǔ)從句,固定短語(yǔ)等多個(gè)知識(shí)點(diǎn)的考查,是一篇科研類(lèi)閱讀,要求考生在理解細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上,進(jìn)一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系,進(jìn)行分析推理,從而選出正確答案。
76.句意:隨著年齡的增長(zhǎng),他們開(kāi)始忘記事情。A:missing“丟失的”;B:understanding“理解人的”;C:frgetting“忘記”;D:lving“有愛(ài)心的”。 根據(jù)常識(shí)及語(yǔ)境可知,人老了就開(kāi)始忘事情。故選C。
77.句意:他們年紀(jì)越大,忘記的事情就越多。A:less“更少的”;B:mre“更多的”;C:farther“更遠(yuǎn)的”;D:deeper “更深的”。根據(jù)常識(shí)可知年紀(jì)越大,忘記的事情就越多。故選B。
78.句意:例如,他們可能記不起眼鏡落在哪里,或者他們可能忘記了密友的名字。A:remember“記住”;B:leave“離開(kāi)”;C:find“發(fā)現(xiàn)”;D:believe“相信”。 此處是舉的例子,"忘記了"即"想不起來(lái)",故選A。
79.句意:如果你不想很早失去記憶,就放下三明治。A:get“得到”;B:clse“關(guān)閉”;C:practice“練習(xí)”;D:lse“失去,丟失”。 "忘記了一些事情"相當(dāng)于說(shuō)"失去了一些記憶",故選D。
80.句意:一項(xiàng)發(fā)表在科學(xué)雜志上的新研究表明,減少熱量可以提高人們(尤其是老年人)的記憶力。A:reduce“減少”;B:imprve“提高,改善”;C:test“測(cè)試”;D:damage“損害”。 根據(jù)下文可知,研究者發(fā)現(xiàn),這些研究對(duì)象記住了比以前多的單詞,也就是說(shuō),她們的記憶力提高了,即,限制熱量的攝取有助于改善人們的記憶力。故選B。
81.句意:這些饑餓的動(dòng)物似乎更健康。A:little“小的”;B:happy“高興的”;C:dangerus“危險(xiǎn)的”;D:hungry “饑餓的”。根據(jù)上文“ Calrie restrictin (熱量限制) let lab animals live lnger. ”可知,研究者限制了這些動(dòng)物的熱量攝取,這會(huì)使它們產(chǎn)生饑餓感。故選D。
82.句意:這些饑餓的動(dòng)物似乎更健康。A:healthier“更健康的”;B:weaker“更虛弱的”;C:higher“更高的”;D:better “更好的”。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知,此處指這些饑餓的動(dòng)物似乎更健康,故選A。
83.句意:但目前還不清楚人們是否也如此。A:what“什么”;B:why“為什么”;C:whether“是否”;D:hw “怎樣”。此處是whether引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句,故選C。
84.句意:在最新的研究中,科學(xué)家要求50名老年女性將她們消耗的熱量減少三分之一。A:magazine“雜志”;B:match“比賽”;C:study“研究”;D:exercise“練習(xí)”。 根據(jù)下文可知,科學(xué)家們?cè)谶M(jìn)行研究。故選C。
85.句意:在最新的研究中,科學(xué)家要求50名老年女性將她們消耗的熱量減少三分之一。A:put“放置”;B:cut“割,切”;C:increase“增加”;D:take “帶走”。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知,科學(xué)家們讓五十個(gè)老年婦女減少卡路里的攝入。故選B。
86.句意:三個(gè)月后,研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn),這些女性不僅瘦了,而且在記憶單詞方面也比以前更好——她們記住的單詞比以往任何時(shí)候都多,這表明控制熱量有助于保持大腦健康。A:researchers“研究者”;B:farmers“農(nóng)民”;C:teachers“教師”;D:pstmen“郵遞員”。根據(jù)上下文邏輯可知,此處應(yīng)該填進(jìn)行研究的人,即,研究者。故選A。
87.句意:三個(gè)月后,研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn),這些女性不僅瘦了,而且在記憶單詞方面也比以前更好——她們記住的單詞比以往任何時(shí)候都多,這表明控制熱量有助于保持大腦健康。A:fatter“更胖的”;B:higher“更高的”;C:shrter“更短的”;D:thinner“更瘦的”。 根據(jù)上文" asked 50 elderly wmen t 10 _the number f calries they cnsumed by a third. After three mnths, ..."可推知,減少熱量的攝入,三個(gè)月后必然會(huì)變瘦。故選D。
88.句意:三個(gè)月后,研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn),這些女性不僅瘦了,而且在記憶單詞方面也比以前更好——她們記住的單詞比以往任何時(shí)候都多,這表明控制熱量有助于保持大腦健康。A:writing“寫(xiě)”;B:memrizing“記憶”;C:recgnizing“認(rèn)識(shí)到”;D:drawing“繪畫(huà)”。 根據(jù)空后"... they remembered mre wrds than ever."可知,她們更擅長(zhǎng)記單詞了。故選D。
89.句意:三個(gè)月后,研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn),這些女性不僅瘦了,而且在記憶單詞方面也比以前更好——她們記住的單詞比以往任何時(shí)候都多,這表明控制熱量有助于保持大腦健康。A:cntrl“控制”;B:limit“限制”;C:reductin“減少”;D:repair“修理” 。under cntrl固定短語(yǔ),"被控制",故選A。
90.句意:三個(gè)月后,研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn),這些女性不僅瘦了,而且在記憶單詞方面也比以前更好——她們記住的單詞比以往任何時(shí)候都多,這表明控制熱量有助于保持大腦健康。A:weak“虛弱”;B:tired“累的”;C:fit“適合的”;D:hard “艱難的”。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知,全文都在講控制熱量攝入量可以幫助提高記憶力,也就是說(shuō)控制熱量攝取可以幫助保持大腦健康。故選C。
【答案】91.C;92.B;93.A;94.C;95.D;96.B;97.A;98.C;99.D;100.C;101.D;102.A;103.B;104.C;105.C
【知識(shí)點(diǎn)】科普環(huán)保類(lèi);說(shuō)明文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文,介紹了火箭的發(fā)明和傳播過(guò)程。
【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考查完形填空,本題考點(diǎn)涉及動(dòng)詞,名詞,形容詞,副詞,固定短語(yǔ)等多個(gè)知識(shí)點(diǎn)的考查,是一篇科技類(lèi)閱讀,要求考生在理解細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上,進(jìn)一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系,進(jìn)行分析推理,從而選出正確答案。
91.句意:中國(guó)人有一種裝在竹筒里的火藥,在節(jié)日期間被扔進(jìn)火里去制造爆炸。A. cuisines“烹飪”;B. decratins“裝飾”;C. explsins“爆炸”;D. differences“差異”。根據(jù)空前“The Chinese had a frm f gunpwder which was put in bamb tubes and thrwn int fires t…”和下文“Perhaps sme f the tubes jumped ut f the fire instead f explding in it.”可推知,把裝了火藥的竹筒扔進(jìn)火里是為制造爆炸。故選C。
92.句意:中國(guó)人發(fā)現(xiàn),從管子中逸出的火藥可能會(huì)把它送到空中。A. flying“飛行”;B. escaping“逃跑,逃逸”;C. firing“開(kāi)火”;D. ging“離開(kāi)”。 根據(jù)上文“Chinese had a frm f gunpwder which was put in bamb tubes”和空后“frm the tube culd lift it int the air.”,并結(jié)合常識(shí)可以推知,從竹筒里逃逸的火藥把竹筒送入空中。故選B。
93.句意:火箭的想法就誕生了。A. brn“誕生”;B. burst“爆發(fā)”;C. fund“發(fā)現(xiàn)”;D. imprved“改善”。根據(jù)上文“Rckets were prbably invented by accident abut 2000 years ag.”可知第一段介紹了如何偶然發(fā)明火箭的想法,所以應(yīng)該是表達(dá)“火箭的想法就誕生了。”。故選A。
94.句意:火箭第一次在軍事上的使用是在1232年。A. plitical“政治的”;B. fficial“官方的”;C. military“軍事的”;D. scientific“科學(xué)的”。根據(jù)下文“The Sng Dynasty was at war with the Mngls.”,可知這句應(yīng)該表達(dá)的是“火箭在軍事上的使用”。故選C。
95.句意:在開(kāi)封戰(zhàn)役中,宋軍射出了“飛火之箭”。A. ccupatin“占領(lǐng)”;B. attack“攻擊';C. search"搜尋";D. battle"戰(zhàn)斗"。根據(jù)上文“The Sng Dynasty was at war with the Mngls.”和空后“the Sng army”推斷這里講述的應(yīng)該是開(kāi)封戰(zhàn)役。故選D。
96.句意:在開(kāi)封戰(zhàn)役中,宋軍射出了“飛火之箭”。A. sent“郵寄”;B. sht“發(fā)射,射擊”;C. drve“駕駛”;D. set“設(shè)置”。根據(jù)空后“arrws f flying fire” 可知宋軍發(fā)射了火箭。故選B。
97.句意:這些管子連接在一根長(zhǎng)桿上,這根長(zhǎng)桿幫助火箭沿直線移動(dòng)。A. tied“系”;B. shaken“搖晃”;C. wrapped“包裹”;D. blwn“吹”。根據(jù)空前“The tubes” 和空后“t a lng stick which helped keep the rcket mving in a straight directin.”可推斷是“被連接到一根長(zhǎng)桿上”,故選A。
98.句意:很快,蒙古人學(xué)會(huì)了如何自己制造火箭,很可能他們把火箭引進(jìn)到歐洲。A. Finally“最后”;B. Suddenly“突然地”;C. Sn“很快”;D. Thus“因此”。根據(jù)空后“the Mngls learned hw t make rckets themselves”可知,經(jīng)過(guò)與宋軍交戰(zhàn),蒙古人很快學(xué)會(huì)了制造火箭。故選C。
99.句意:很快,蒙古人學(xué)會(huì)了如何自己制造火箭,很可能他們把火箭引進(jìn)到歐洲。A. delivered“遞送”;B. threw“扔”;C. passed“通過(guò)”;D. intrduced“介紹,引進(jìn)”。根據(jù)空后“them t Eurpe.”和下文“England, France and Italy”英國(guó)、法國(guó)和意大利,可知,蒙古人把火箭引入歐洲。故選D。
100.句意:在13世紀(jì)到15世紀(jì)之間,英國(guó)、法國(guó)和意大利進(jìn)行了許多火箭實(shí)驗(yàn)。A. transfrmatins“轉(zhuǎn)變”;B. perfrmances“表演”;C. experiments“實(shí)驗(yàn)”;D. exhibitins“展覽”。根據(jù)下文“They were used fr military purpses.” 和“ One Italian scientist even invented a rcket which culd travel ver the surface f water ”一位意大利科學(xué)家甚至發(fā)明了一種可以在水面上飛行的火箭,可推斷是“進(jìn)行了許多火箭實(shí)驗(yàn)”。故選C。
101.句意:一位意大利科學(xué)家甚至發(fā)明了一種可以在水面上飛行并擊中敵艦的火箭。A. business“商業(yè),買(mǎi)賣(mài)”;B. fficial“官員,高級(jí)職員”;C. transprtatin“運(yùn)輸”;D. enemy“敵人”。根據(jù)上文“They were used fr military purpses”推斷這里應(yīng)該是“發(fā)明了一種可以在水面上飛行并擊中敵艦的火箭?!?,enemy ship“敵艦”。故選D。
102.句意:中國(guó)政府官員萬(wàn)虎發(fā)明了一把飛天椅。A. flying“飛行”;B. diving“潛水”;C. surfing“沖浪”;D. blwing“吹風(fēng)”。根據(jù)上文“Nt everybdy wanted t use rckets in battles.”和下文“Or was he carried miles int space, becming the wrld's first 15 ?”,可推斷,萬(wàn)虎想要的不是武器,而是飛天的工具——飛天椅。故選A。
103.句意:火箭被點(diǎn)燃,發(fā)生了巨大的爆炸,濃煙滾滾。A. packs“包”;B. cluds“云,云狀物”;C. masses“大量,許多”;D. piles“一堆”。結(jié)合常識(shí),火箭被點(diǎn)燃,出現(xiàn)大量的濃煙,像云朵一樣,cluds f thick smke“濃煙滾滾”。故選B。
104.句意:當(dāng)煙霧消散時(shí),萬(wàn)虎和他的椅子消失了,沒(méi)人知道發(fā)生了什么。A. faded“褪色”;B. cmpleted“完成”;C. lifted“提起”;D. reflected“反射,反思”。根據(jù)空后“Wan Hu and his chair had disappeared, n ne knws what happened.”,可推斷是煙霧消散后的場(chǎng)景。故選C。
105.句意:還是他被帶到了數(shù)英里外的太空,成為了世界上第一位宇航員?A. scientist“科學(xué)家”;B. researcher“研究員”;C. astrnaut“宇航員”;D. explrer“探險(xiǎn)家”。結(jié)合本段敘述的萬(wàn)虎發(fā)明飛天椅和空前“miles int space”可推斷,他可能“成為了世界上第一位宇航員”。故選C。
【答案】106.B;107.C;108.A;109.C;110.D;111.D;112.B;113.A;114.C;115.C;116.D;117.C;118.B;119.A;120.A
【知識(shí)點(diǎn)】科普環(huán)保類(lèi);說(shuō)明文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文,介紹了美國(guó)第二豐收組織為了優(yōu)化社會(huì)捐贈(zèng)食物的合理分配,使用一種叫做Ceres的軟件,從而有效地解決捐贈(zèng)食物的處理問(wèn)題。
【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考查完形填空,本題考點(diǎn)涉及動(dòng)詞,名詞,形容詞,固定短語(yǔ)等多個(gè)知識(shí)點(diǎn)的考查,是一篇科技類(lèi)閱讀,要求考生在理解細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上,進(jìn)一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系,進(jìn)行分析推理,從而選出正確答案。
106.句意:根據(jù)美國(guó)農(nóng)業(yè)部的數(shù)據(jù),超過(guò)1200萬(wàn)戶家庭在一年中的某個(gè)時(shí)候,包括節(jié)假日,缺少足夠的食物供每個(gè)家庭成員食用。A. serve“為……服務(wù)”;B. lack“缺乏”;C. reserve“保留,預(yù)定”;D. rder“命令”。根據(jù)下文"Hunger"可知,1200萬(wàn)戶家庭應(yīng)該是缺乏食物。故選B。
107.句意:根據(jù)美國(guó)農(nóng)業(yè)部的數(shù)據(jù),超過(guò)1200萬(wàn)戶家庭在一年中的某個(gè)時(shí)候,包括節(jié)假日,缺少足夠的食物供每個(gè)家庭成員食用。A. wrkdays“工作日”;B. birthdays“生日”;C. hlidays“節(jié)假日”;D. paydays“發(fā)薪日”。根據(jù)空前"at sme time during the year"和"including"可知,此處表示包括節(jié)假日。故選C。
108.句意:減少這種不合理的資源分配是美國(guó)第二豐收組織的目標(biāo)之一,該組織是美國(guó)國(guó)內(nèi)最大的饑餓救濟(jì)組織。A. resurces“資源”;B. incmes“收入”;C. missins“使命”;D. services“服務(wù)”。根據(jù)空后"the natin's largest dmestic hunger-relief rganizatin"可知,該組織的目的是減少不合理的資源分配。故選A。
109.句意:去年,該組織向2300多萬(wàn)需要幫助的人分發(fā)了近20億磅糧食。A. expsed“暴露”;B. intrduced“介紹,引進(jìn)”;C. distributed“分發(fā)”;D. addicted“使……上癮”。根據(jù)上文"distributin"可知,此處指該組織向2300多萬(wàn)需要幫助的人分發(fā)了近20億磅糧食。故選C。
110.句意:美國(guó)第二豐收組織是一個(gè)由214個(gè)相互聯(lián)系的食品銀行和其他組織組成的網(wǎng)絡(luò),從種植者、加工商、雜貨店和餐館處收集食品。A. harvest“收獲”;B. prepare“準(zhǔn)備”;C. recmmend“推薦”;D. gather“收集”。根據(jù)空后"frm grwers, prcessrs, grcery stres and restaurants"可知,此處表示收集食物。故選D。
111.句意:反過(guò)來(lái),該網(wǎng)絡(luò)向每州每縣的約5萬(wàn)個(gè)施食處、無(wú)家可歸者收容所和老年人中心分發(fā)食物。A. Fr example“舉例”;B. In cntrast“與此相反”;C. Abve all“首先”;D. In turn“反過(guò)來(lái)”。根據(jù)上文"gather fd frm"和本句"distributes fd t"推測(cè),此句中的行為與上文的行為正好反過(guò)來(lái)。故選D。
112.句意:反過(guò)來(lái),該網(wǎng)絡(luò)向每州每縣的約5萬(wàn)個(gè)施食處、無(wú)家可歸者收容所和老年人中心分發(fā)食物。A. backyards“后院”;B. shelters“庇護(hù)所”;C. garages“車(chē)庫(kù)”;D. cabins“小屋”。根據(jù)空前"hmeless"推測(cè),此處是指庇護(hù)所、收容所。故選B。
113.句意:大量的工作涉及從成千上萬(wàn)捐助者向成千上萬(wàn)的小型非營(yíng)利組織分發(fā)的成噸的食品。A. dnrs“捐助者”;B. survivrs“幸存者”;C. farmers“農(nóng)民”;D. victims“受害者”。根據(jù)上文"frm grwers, prcessrs, grcery stres and restaurants"可知,此處的食物是社會(huì)各部分捐贈(zèng)而來(lái)的。故選A。
114.句意:直到幾年前,美國(guó)的第二豐收組織還沒(méi)有任何有效的方法來(lái)管理他們的庫(kù)存。A. innvative“創(chuàng)新的”;B. impressive“令人印象深刻的”;C. effective“有效的”;D. prductive“高產(chǎn)的”。根據(jù)下文"Withut accurate and timely infrmatin, sup kitchens were smetimes empty while fd was left t 10 in lading places."可知,此處表示沒(méi)有管理食物的有效方法。故選C。
115.句意:由于沒(méi)有準(zhǔn)確和及時(shí)的信息,施食處有時(shí)會(huì)空無(wú)一人,而食物則被留在裝運(yùn)地點(diǎn)變質(zhì)。A. grw“成長(zhǎng)”;B. recycle“循環(huán)”;C. spil“腐敗,變質(zhì)”;D. stir“攪拌”。根據(jù)空前"sup kitchens were smetimes empty"及"white"可知,此處的食物應(yīng)該是留在裝運(yùn)地點(diǎn)變質(zhì)腐敗。故選C。
116.句意:這是一款專(zhuān)門(mén)為救濟(jì)饑餓而設(shè)計(jì)的軟件。A. thery“原理”;B. actin“行動(dòng)”;C. remedy“補(bǔ)救”;D. sftware“軟件”。根據(jù)空前"In 2000, America's Secnd Harvest began t use a new inventry and financial-management system — Ceres."可知,Ceres是一種軟件系統(tǒng)。故選D。
117.句意:它被100多個(gè)美國(guó)第二豐收組織用來(lái)追蹤食物從捐贈(zèng)到分發(fā)的全過(guò)程。A. advertise“廣告”;B. relieve“解除,減輕”;C. track“追蹤”;D. migrate“移居”。根據(jù)空后"fd frm dnatin t distributin"可知,此處應(yīng)該是用Ceres系統(tǒng)來(lái)追蹤食物的捐贈(zèng)到分發(fā)的過(guò)程。故選C。
118.句意:Ceres幫助食物減少腐爛并改善分配。A. prduce“生產(chǎn)”;B. reduce“減少”;C. shift“轉(zhuǎn)移,變換”;D. simplify“簡(jiǎn)化”。根據(jù)空后"imprve the situatin"可知,此處應(yīng)該是幫助減少食物腐敗。故選B。
119.句意:由于報(bào)告更加準(zhǔn)確和及時(shí),Ceres節(jié)省了時(shí)間,使工作人員有時(shí)間專(zhuān)注于尋找新的捐助者,并承諾更有效地利用捐贈(zèng)物。A. prmises“承諾”;B. ceases“停止”;C. admits“承認(rèn)”;D. lcates“定位”。此句表示Ceres的優(yōu)點(diǎn),根據(jù)空后"mre efficient use f dnatins"可知,此處應(yīng)該是指Ceres承諾更高效的捐贈(zèng)物利用率。故選A。
120.句意:饑餓在美國(guó)仍然是一個(gè)令人不安的社會(huì)問(wèn)題。A. trubling“令人不安的”;B. demanding“要求高的”;C. tuching“令人感動(dòng)的”;D. impsing“壯觀的”。根據(jù)下文"Technlgy alne cannt slve it."可知,此處表示饑餓在美國(guó)仍然是一個(gè)令人不安的問(wèn)題。故選A。
【答案】121.C;122.B;123.A;124.C;125.C;126.C;127.A;128.D;129.D;130.B;131.C;132.A;133.D;134.A;135.D;136.B;137.B;138.C;139.D;140.D
【知識(shí)點(diǎn)】科普環(huán)保類(lèi);說(shuō)明文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文,最新研究表明,孩子在兩歲之前就知道對(duì)與錯(cuò)的區(qū)別。
【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考查完形填空,本題考點(diǎn)涉及動(dòng)詞,名詞,形容詞,代詞,副詞,固定短語(yǔ)等多個(gè)知識(shí)點(diǎn)的考查,是一篇科研類(lèi)閱讀,要求考生在理解細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上,進(jìn)一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系,進(jìn)行分析推理,從而選出正確答案。
121.句意:最近發(fā)表的一項(xiàng)最新研究表明,孩子在兩歲之前就知道對(duì)與錯(cuò)的區(qū)別。A:cnducted“指揮,從事”;B:reviewed“回顧”;C:published“出版,發(fā)表”;D:prcessed“加工”。根據(jù)空前“ Children knw the difference between right and wrng befre they reach the age f tw”孩子在兩歲之前就知道對(duì)與錯(cuò)的區(qū)別,是最新研究公布的內(nèi)容,下文“ a jurnal published by the Assciatin fr Psychlgical Science. ”也有提示,故選C。
122.句意:科學(xué)家發(fā)現(xiàn),19至21個(gè)月的嬰兒懂得公平,并能在不同的情況下應(yīng)用公平。A:hped“希望”;B:fund“發(fā)現(xiàn)”;C:warned“警告”;D:agreed“同意”。根據(jù)空后“ babies aged between 19 and 21 mnths understand fairness ”19至21個(gè)月的嬰兒懂得公平,是科學(xué)家的研究發(fā)現(xiàn),故選B。
123.句意:科學(xué)家發(fā)現(xiàn),19至21個(gè)月的嬰兒懂得公平,并能在不同的情況下應(yīng)用公平。A:apply“應(yīng)用”;B:feel“感覺(jué)”;C:prve“證明”;D:access“獲得”。根據(jù)空前“ babies aged between 19 and 21 mnths understand fairness ”19至21個(gè)月的嬰兒懂得公平,可知此處指嬰兒會(huì)應(yīng)用公平,故選A。
124.句意:他們說(shuō),這是第一次在這么小的年紀(jì)就發(fā)現(xiàn)孩子有公平感。A:range“在范圍內(nèi)變動(dòng)”;B:matter“有關(guān)系,重要”;C:sense“意識(shí)到”;D:cmbinatin“結(jié)合”。根據(jù)上文“ babies aged between 19 and 21 mnths understand fairness ”19至21個(gè)月的嬰兒懂得公平,可知此處指公平感,故選C。
125.句意:他們說(shuō),這是第一次在這么小的年紀(jì)就發(fā)現(xiàn)孩子有公平感。A:life“生活”;B:market“市場(chǎng)”;C:age“年紀(jì)”;D:class“班級(jí)”。根據(jù)上文根據(jù)上文“ babies aged between 19 and 21 mnths understand fairness ”19至21個(gè)月的嬰兒懂得公平,可知此處指年紀(jì)小,故選C。
126.句意:研究人員表示,如果嬰兒認(rèn)為某個(gè)場(chǎng)景包含不公平的東西,他們會(huì)看更長(zhǎng)的時(shí)間,所以在兩個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)中,嬰兒們被安排了觀看關(guān)于公平的現(xiàn)場(chǎng)場(chǎng)景的時(shí)間。A:perfrmance“表演,表現(xiàn)”;B:tape“布帶,磁帶”;C:scene“場(chǎng)景”;D:play“戲劇”。根據(jù)空后“ hw lng they watched a live scenari(情景)abut fairness ”他們觀看關(guān)于公平的現(xiàn)場(chǎng)場(chǎng)景有多長(zhǎng),故選C。
127.句意:研究人員表示,如果嬰兒認(rèn)為某個(gè)場(chǎng)景包含不公平的東西,他們會(huì)看更長(zhǎng)的時(shí)間,所以在兩個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)中,嬰兒們被安排了觀看關(guān)于公平的現(xiàn)場(chǎng)場(chǎng)景的時(shí)間。A:timed“計(jì)時(shí)”;B:tested“測(cè)試”;C:educated“教育”;D:placed“放置”。根據(jù)空后 hw lng they watched a live scenari(情景)abut fairness ”他們觀看關(guān)于公平的現(xiàn)場(chǎng)場(chǎng)景有多長(zhǎng),可知此處是進(jìn)行計(jì)時(shí),故選A。
128.句意:在第一個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)中,19個(gè)月大的孩子看到兩只長(zhǎng)頸鹿玩偶,別給其中一只長(zhǎng)頸鹿一個(gè)玩具或兩個(gè)玩具。A:received“接收,收到”;B:included“包括”;C:tk“帶走,花費(fèi)”;D:saw“看見(jiàn)”。根據(jù)下文“In this experiment, three-quarters f the babies lked lnger”在這項(xiàng)實(shí)驗(yàn)中,四分之三的嬰兒看起來(lái)更長(zhǎng)??芍颂幹负⒆涌匆?jiàn)兩只長(zhǎng)頸鹿玩偶,故選D。
129.句意:長(zhǎng)時(shí)間的觀察表明嬰兒不尋?;蛞馔?。A:recmmended“推薦”;B:nted“注意到”;C:stated“陳述”;D:indicated“表明”。根據(jù)上文“Researchers say babies will watch a 6 fr lnger if they think it cntains smething unfair,”研究人員表示,如果嬰兒認(rèn)為某個(gè)場(chǎng)景包含不公平的東西,他們會(huì)看更長(zhǎng)的時(shí)間,可知此處指長(zhǎng)時(shí)間的觀察表明孩子的判斷,故選D。
130.句意:長(zhǎng)時(shí)間的觀察表明嬰兒不尋?;蛞馔?。A:unique“獨(dú)特的”;B:unexpected“出乎意料的”;C:difficult“困難的”;D:unknwn“不知道的”根據(jù)空前 unusual ,可推知此處指意料之外的,故選B。
131.句意:在這項(xiàng)實(shí)驗(yàn)中,當(dāng)一只長(zhǎng)頸鹿同時(shí)得到兩個(gè)玩具時(shí),四分之三的嬰兒看起來(lái)更長(zhǎng)。A:several“幾個(gè)”;B:ther“其他的”;C:bth“兩個(gè)”;D:n“沒(méi)有”。根據(jù)上文“Researchers say babies will watch a 6 fr lnger if they think it cntains smething unfair,”研究人員表示,如果嬰兒認(rèn)為某個(gè)場(chǎng)景包含不公平的東西,他們會(huì)看更長(zhǎng)的時(shí)間;以及“In the first, 19-mnth-lds 8 tw giraffe puppets(玩偶) given either a ty each r bth tys t ne f the giraffes. ”在第一個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)中,19個(gè)月大的孩子看到兩只長(zhǎng)頸鹿玩偶,別給其中一只長(zhǎng)頸鹿一個(gè)玩具或兩個(gè)玩具??赏浦?dāng)一只長(zhǎng)頸鹿同時(shí)得到兩個(gè)玩具,孩子們會(huì)認(rèn)為不公平,故選C。
132.句意:在第二個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)中,兩名女性面對(duì)面,中間放著一堆小玩具,面前放著一個(gè)空塑料盒。A:faced“面對(duì)”;B:helped“幫助”;C:treated“對(duì)待,治療”;D:tuched“接觸”。根據(jù)空后“ an empty plastic bx in frnt f each f them ”每個(gè)人面前放著一個(gè)空塑料盒,可知她們面對(duì)面,故選A。
133.句意:在第二個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)中,兩名女性面對(duì)面,中間放著一堆小玩具,面前放著一個(gè)空塑料盒。A:bks“書(shū)”;B:stnes“石頭”;C:clthes“衣服”;D:tys“玩具”。根據(jù)下文“ put the tys away ”把玩具放好,故選D。
134.句意:在一個(gè)場(chǎng)景中,一名女士盡職盡責(zé)地把玩具放好,另一名女士繼續(xù)玩,但兩位女士都得到了獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)。A:dutifully“盡職盡責(zé)地”;B:simply“僅僅”;C:quickly“快地,迅速地”;D:eventually“最后”。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知,此處指一名女士盡職盡責(zé)地把玩具放好,故選A。
135.句意:在一個(gè)場(chǎng)景中,一名女士盡職盡責(zé)地把玩具放好,另一名女士繼續(xù)玩,但兩位女士都得到了獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)。A:instructins“說(shuō)明”;B:ptins“選擇”;C:credits“信用”;D:rewards“獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)”。根據(jù)下文“ when the wrker and the slacker(偷懶的人) were rewarded equally. ”當(dāng)工人和懶漢得到同等獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)時(shí),故選D。
136.句意:當(dāng)工人和懶漢得到同等獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)時(shí),正在觀察的21個(gè)月大的嬰兒看起來(lái)確實(shí)更長(zhǎng)。A:grwing“生長(zhǎng)的,增加的”;B:watching“觀察的”;C:crying“哭的”;D:sleeping“睡覺(jué)的”。根據(jù)上文“Researchers say babies will watch a 6 fr lnger if they think it cntains smething unfair,”研究人員表示,如果嬰兒認(rèn)為某個(gè)場(chǎng)景包含不公平的東西,他們會(huì)看更長(zhǎng)的時(shí)間,可知指正在進(jìn)行觀察的嬰兒,故選B。
137.句意:當(dāng)工人和懶漢得到同等獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)時(shí),正在觀察的21個(gè)月大的嬰兒看起來(lái)確實(shí)更長(zhǎng)。A:farther“更遠(yuǎn)”;B:lnger“更長(zhǎng)”;C:clser“更近”;D:deeper“更深”。根據(jù)上文“Researchers say babies will watch a 6 fr lnger if they think it cntains smething unfair,”研究人員表示,如果嬰兒認(rèn)為某個(gè)場(chǎng)景包含不公平的東西,他們會(huì)看更長(zhǎng)的時(shí)間,故選B。
138.句意:我們發(fā)現(xiàn),19個(gè)月和21個(gè)月大的嬰兒對(duì)公平有著普遍的期望,他們可以在不同的情況下適當(dāng)?shù)剡\(yùn)用它。A:pattern“圖案”;B:descriptin“描述”;C:expectatin“期待”;D:explanatin“解釋”。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知,此處指嬰兒對(duì)公平有著普遍的期望,故選C。
139.句意:我們發(fā)現(xiàn),19個(gè)月和21個(gè)月大的嬰兒對(duì)公平有著普遍的期望,他們可以在不同的情況下適當(dāng)?shù)剡\(yùn)用它。A:directly“直接”;B:early“早”;C:creatively“有創(chuàng)造力地”;D:apprpriately“適當(dāng)?shù)亍?。根?jù)語(yǔ)境可知,此處指他們可以在不同的情況下適當(dāng)?shù)剡\(yùn)用它,故選D。
140.句意:這一發(fā)現(xiàn)發(fā)表在心理科學(xué)協(xié)會(huì)出版的《心理科學(xué)》雜志上。A:limitatins“限制”;B:requirements“需要”;C:theries“理論”;D:findings“發(fā)現(xiàn)”。根據(jù)上文“We discvered that 19 and 21-mnth-ld babies have a general 18 f fairness, and they can apply it 19 t different situatins. ”我們發(fā)現(xiàn),19個(gè)月和21個(gè)月大的嬰兒對(duì)公平有著普遍的期望,他們可以在不同的情況下適當(dāng)?shù)剡\(yùn)用它??芍颂幹赴l(fā)現(xiàn)結(jié)果,故選D。
【答案】141.B;142.D;143.A;144.B;145.C;146.C;147.A;148.D;149.A;150.B;151.C;152.D;153.D;154.A;155.C
【知識(shí)點(diǎn)】科普環(huán)保類(lèi);說(shuō)明文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文,作者通過(guò)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)高度的集中會(huì)保持快樂(lè)。
【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考查完形填空,本題考點(diǎn)涉及動(dòng)詞,名詞,形容詞,固定短語(yǔ)等多個(gè)知識(shí)點(diǎn)的考查,是一篇科研類(lèi)閱讀,要求考生在理解細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上,進(jìn)一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系,進(jìn)行分析推理,從而選出正確答案。
141.句意:因此,我決定了解什么是幸福,以及如何最好地實(shí)現(xiàn)幸福。A:On the whle“總的來(lái)說(shuō)”;B:As a result“因此”;C:T sme degree“在某種程度”;D:In the meantime“同時(shí)”。前后是因果關(guān)系,故選B。
142.句意:因此,我決定學(xué)習(xí)心理學(xué)并不奇怪。A:physilgy“生理學(xué),生理”;B:acting“表演”;C:medicine“醫(yī)學(xué),醫(yī)藥”;D:psychlgy“心理學(xué)”。根據(jù)上文“ I nticed that thugh many f the adults arund me were wealthy and educated, they were nt always happy ”我注意到,盡管我周?chē)脑S多成年人都很富有,受過(guò)教育,但他們并不總是快樂(lè)的。屬于心理學(xué)的范疇,故選D。
143.句意:50年前,當(dāng)我來(lái)到芝加哥大學(xué)時(shí),我失望地發(fā)現(xiàn),學(xué)術(shù)心理學(xué)家正努力通過(guò)在實(shí)驗(yàn)室研究老鼠來(lái)理解人類(lèi)行為。A:disappinted“失望的”;B:amazed“驚訝的”;C:relieved“寬慰的”;D:annyed“惱火的”。根據(jù)下文“ I felt that there must be ther mre useful ways f learning hw we think and feel. ”我覺(jué)得必須有其他更有用的方法來(lái)學(xué)習(xí)我們的思維和感受??赏浦髡邔?duì)學(xué)術(shù)心理學(xué)家用老鼠做研究感到失望,故選A。
144.句意:雖然我最初的目標(biāo)是為自己實(shí)現(xiàn)幸福,但我變得更加雄心勃勃。A:sympathetic“同情的”;B:ambitius“有雄心的,有野心的”;C:idealistic“理想主義的”;D:dubtful“充滿懷疑的”。根據(jù)下文“ I decided t build my career n trying t discver what made thers happy als ”我決定把我的職業(yè)生涯建立在努力發(fā)現(xiàn)是什么讓別人也快樂(lè)的基礎(chǔ)上,可知作者對(duì)研究心理學(xué)更加雄心勃勃,故選B。
145.句意:我開(kāi)始研究有創(chuàng)造力的人,比如音樂(lè)家、藝術(shù)家和運(yùn)動(dòng)員,因?yàn)樗麄儼岩簧挤瞰I(xiàn)給做自己想做的事情,而不是僅僅給他們帶來(lái)經(jīng)濟(jì)回報(bào)的事情。A:tk ff“成功,脫掉”;B:std up“站起來(lái)”;C:started ut“開(kāi)始”;D:brke thrugh“突破”。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知,作者開(kāi)始研究有創(chuàng)造力的人,故選C。
146.句意:我開(kāi)始研究有創(chuàng)造力的人,比如音樂(lè)家、藝術(shù)家和運(yùn)動(dòng)員,因?yàn)樗麄儼岩簧挤瞰I(xiàn)給做自己想做的事情,而不是僅僅給他們帶來(lái)經(jīng)濟(jì)回報(bào)的事情。A:nt t mentin“更不用說(shuō)”;B:as well as“也,除了還”;C:rather than“而不是”;D:in favr f“支持”。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境此處指他們把一生都奉獻(xiàn)給做自己想做的事情,而不是僅僅給他們帶來(lái)經(jīng)濟(jì)回報(bào)的事情,故選C。
147.句意:后來(lái),我發(fā)明了一個(gè)名為“經(jīng)驗(yàn)抽樣法”的系統(tǒng),擴(kuò)展了這項(xiàng)研究。A:expanded“擴(kuò)大”;B:interpreted“解釋”;C:defended“保衛(wèi)”;D:evaluated“評(píng)估”。根據(jù)上文研究有創(chuàng)造力的人,以及下文“ Ordinary peple were asked t keep an electrnic pager fr a week which gave ut a beeping sund eight times a day. ”普通人被要求保存一個(gè)電子尋呼機(jī)一周,每天發(fā)出八次嗶嗶聲。可知作者擴(kuò)大了研究對(duì)象,故選A。
148.句意:每次這樣做時(shí),他們都會(huì)記下自己在哪里、在做什么、感覺(jué)如何以及注意力集中程度。A:made up“組成,編造”;B:bjected t“反對(duì)”;C:depended n“依靠”;D:nted dwn“記下,寫(xiě)下”。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知,此處表達(dá)記錄研究的相關(guān)信息,故選D。
149.句意:這個(gè)系統(tǒng)現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)在超過(guò)10000人身上使用,答案是一致的,因?yàn)閷?duì)于有創(chuàng)造力的人來(lái)說(shuō),普通人在集中精力時(shí)最快樂(lè)。A:cnsistent“始終如一的,持續(xù)的,一致的”;B:ambiguus“模棱兩可的”;C:cmmn“常見(jiàn)的,共同的”;D:ridiculus“可笑的,荒唐的”。根據(jù)空后“as with creative peple, rdinary peple are happiest when cncentrating hard”可知答案是一致的,故選A。
150.句意:經(jīng)過(guò)三十年的研究和十八本書(shū)的寫(xiě)作,我相信我已經(jīng)證明了幸福與大多數(shù)人想象的完全不同。A:implied“暗示”;B:prved“證明”;C:prmised“承諾”;D:questined“提問(wèn)”。根據(jù)空前“After carrying ut thirty years f research and writing eighteen bks”經(jīng)過(guò)三十年的研究和十八本書(shū)的寫(xiě)作,可知作者已經(jīng)證明幸福與大多數(shù)人想象的完全不同,故選B。
151.句意:我發(fā)現(xiàn)快樂(lè)最明顯的原因是集中注意力。A:awareness“意識(shí)”;B:pressure“壓力”;C:cncentratin“集中精力”;D:desire“欲望”。根據(jù)下文“In rder t stay fcused, whether yu're reading a pem r building a sandcastle, what yu need is a challenge that 12 yur ability. ”為了保持專(zhuān)注,無(wú)論你是在讀詩(shī)還是在建沙堡,你需要的是一個(gè)與你能力相匹配的挑戰(zhàn)??赏浦鞓?lè)的原因是集中注意力,故選C。
152.句意:為了保持專(zhuān)注,無(wú)論你是在讀詩(shī)還是在建沙堡,你需要的是一個(gè)與你能力相匹配的挑戰(zhàn)。A:affrds“承擔(dān)得起,買(mǎi)得起”;B:bserves“觀察,遵守”;C:underrates“低估,看輕”;D:matches“匹配”。根據(jù)下文“ As yu grw lder yu have t find new challenges, which are mre apprpriate t yur age.”隨著年齡的增長(zhǎng),你必須找到更適合你年齡的新挑戰(zhàn)??赏浦颂幹概c能力相匹配的挑戰(zhàn),故選D。
153.句意:因此,保持快樂(lè)的方法是不斷尋找新的機(jī)會(huì)來(lái)提高你的技能。A:cautius“謹(jǐn)慎的”;B:healthy“健康的”;C:riginal“原來(lái)的”;D:happy“快樂(lè)的”。根據(jù)上文“ I decided t build my career n trying t discver what made thers happy als. ”我決定把我的職業(yè)生涯建立在努力發(fā)現(xiàn)是什么讓別人也快樂(lè)的基礎(chǔ)上??芍颂幹副3挚鞓?lè)的方法,故選D。
154.句意:我一生都在研究幸福,現(xiàn)在回首往事,我想知道我是否獲得了。A:achieved“獲得”;B:deserved“值得,應(yīng)受”;C:cnsidered“考慮”;D:struck“打,擊打”。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知,此處指作者想知道自己是否獲得幸福,故選A。
155.句意:總的來(lái)說(shuō),我認(rèn)為我已經(jīng)找到了,而且我相信我找到了它的秘密的鑰匙,這大大增加了我的幸福感。A:references“參考”;B:extensins“擴(kuò)展,延長(zhǎng)”;C:keys“鑰匙,關(guān)鍵”;D:links“聯(lián)系”。根據(jù)空后“ has increased my happiness immeasurably ”這大大增加了我的幸福感,可推知此處指作者找到的幸福的秘訣,故選C。

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高考英語(yǔ)完形填空專(zhuān)項(xiàng)訓(xùn)練

高考英語(yǔ)完形填空專(zhuān)項(xiàng)訓(xùn)練

高考英語(yǔ)完形填空專(zhuān)項(xiàng)訓(xùn)練

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