?第06講 非謂語動詞之動詞不定式（講義） 【復(fù)習(xí)目標(biāo)】 1.掌握動詞不定式的結(jié)構(gòu)和句法功能，重點復(fù)習(xí)不定式作狀語、賓語和補語 2.動詞不定式的時態(tài)和語態(tài) 3. 不定式的特殊用法 4.不定式符號to的省略 5.跟動詞不定式的情況總結(jié)歸納 6.練透近年中考真題中關(guān)于非謂語動詞的題目，感悟高考命題規(guī)律和特點，實現(xiàn)高效備考。 【考情分析】 從近三年中考卷可以看出，對非謂語動詞中不定式的考查是必考點，主要是考查非謂語動詞作補語、定語和目的狀語以及不定式作形式主語?？疾榈亩际遣欢ㄊ降幕居梅?，但是題目的設(shè)置更加注重語境以及情景化和結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)雜化，加大了考生對題干的理解難度。因此，2024年中考備考要掌握不定式相關(guān)用法，熟悉動詞不定式常用搭配。 名詞題型命題規(guī)律 非謂語動詞的動詞不定式是歷年中考必考知識點。從考查形式看，一般有單項選擇、完形填空、詞語運用等。所占分值通常為2～4分。從命題意圖看，側(cè)重考查考生的具體語言環(huán)境中使用非謂語動詞的能力。 【網(wǎng)絡(luò)構(gòu)建】 非謂語動詞指不能單獨作謂語，但同時仍保留動詞某些特征的動詞形式。非謂語動詞主要包括不定式、動名詞和分詞（現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞）。 構(gòu)成：（to）+動詞原形 動詞不定 在句中的作用（主、賓、表、賓補、定、狀） 非 謂 構(gòu)成：V.-ing 語 動名詞 動 用法（主、賓、表、定） 詞 構(gòu)成：現(xiàn)在分詞 doing 過去分詞 done 分詞 用法（表、補、定、狀） 考向一動詞不定式的結(jié)構(gòu)和句法功能 動詞不定式的結(jié)構(gòu) 動詞不定時的構(gòu)成：不定式的基本形式為：to+動詞原形，有時可以不用to，這里的to 是不定式符號，本身無詞義，動詞不定式的否定形式是not+（to+）動詞原形。 肯定式：to + 動詞原形 It’s nice to meet you. (2)否定式：not to + 動詞原形 He told me not to leave this room (to是不定式符號，無意義，有時可以不帶) 動詞不定式的句法功能 不定式作主語 動詞不定式作主語時，常用it作形式主語，而將真正的主語放在句末其結(jié)構(gòu)為： ①It is +adj.+for/of sb.+(not)to do sth.意為＂做某事對某人來說是……＂。 ②It takes sb.+some time+to do sth.意為＂做某事花費某人多長時間＂ 如：To learn English well is useful.→ It is useful to learn English well. It’s important for us to protect the environment. 注意：在kind，good，nice，clever等表示人的品質(zhì)的形容詞后，不用for而用of。如： It's very kind of you to help me. 你幫助我真是太好啦。 不定式作賓語 ?有些謂語動詞后只能用不定式作賓語，常見的這類詞是表示命令、打算或希望的，如： would like, like, want, wish, hope, decide, plan, expect等。 如： Would you like to see a film this evening? 你今晚想去看電影嗎？ ②在find, think后跟不定式作賓語時，常用it代替，而將真正的賓語放在后面。如： I find it easy to read English every day. 3.不定式作賓語補足語 tell, ask, want, allow, warn, advise, invite, get, encourage后常跟動詞不定式作賓語補足語。 如：Lucy asked him to turn down the radio. My mother encourages me to learn Japanese. 我媽媽鼓勵我學(xué)日語。 4.不定式作定語 不定式作定語時，應(yīng)放在名詞之后。它與名詞有邏輯上的動賓關(guān)系。 注意：如果是不及物動詞，且與所修飾的詞之間有動賓關(guān)系，要在不定式后加上適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~。 There is nothing to worry about. 沒有什么可擔(dān)心的。 The room is big enough for 10 people to live in . 表示一般的概念時，不定式、動詞-ing形式可以互換，而表示具體的、個 別的動作或有將來含義時，一般用不定式。 What she likes is watching/to watch children play. 她喜歡的事情就是看孩子們玩耍。 My wish is to become a good teacher. 我的愿望就是要當(dāng)個好老師。 注意：下列情況下不定式作表語通常省略to： （1）主語是all其后有that引導(dǎo)的定語從句或what引導(dǎo)的從句，且從句中含有do的某種形式時。 （2）主語是the only，the first，the last，形容詞最高級或被這些詞修飾，主語后有定語從句，且定語從句中含有do的某種形式時。 All you need to do now is complete the form. 你現(xiàn)在要做的是把這張表填好。 What I want to do most in senior high school is improve my English. 我在高中最想做的事就是提高我的英語水平。 The only thing to do now is go on. 前進(jìn)是現(xiàn)在唯一的出路。 不定式作狀語 不定式?？捎米鳡钫Z，修飾動詞，表示行為的目的、結(jié)果和原因。 To get there on time, we set out at five in the morning. He goes there to enjoy the fresh air. He worked day and night to get the money. 考向二 動詞不定式的特殊用法 不定式的特殊用法 ①使役動詞和感官動詞后跟動詞不定式作賓語補足語，須省略to。此類動詞有：一感(feel)、二聽(hear, listen to)、三讓(let, make, have)、四看(look at, see, watch, notice)、五幫(help)。變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)時，省略的to則要加上。 ②動詞不定式的否定形式是not to do，其被動形式為to be done。 ?Our teacher asked us not to swim in the river alone. 我們老師要求我們不要獨自一人在河里游泳。 ③常接＂疑問詞+帶to的不定式＂的動詞有teach, show, tell, learn, find out, decide, know, forget等。 ?My mother taught me how to cook yesterday. 昨天我媽媽教我如何做飯。 考向二 跟動詞不定式的情況總結(jié)歸納 跟動詞不定式的情況總結(jié)歸納：（加強(qiáng)記憶）  = 1 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ①動詞：agree to do同意去做； afford to do買得起；decide to do決定去做某事；hope to do希望去做；wish to do希望去做； fail to do做某事失敗去；plan to do打算去做；pretend to do假裝去做； refuse to do拒絕去做；would like to do=want to do想要去做某事；learn to do 學(xué)做； prefer to do sth. 喜歡（愛）做某事；sb. seem to do sth好像做某事； used to do sth. 過去常做某事  = 2 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ②句型. allow sb. to do sth. 允許某人去做某事 ask/tell sb. (not) to do sth. 叫某人做事某事（叫某人不要去做某事） follow sb. to do sth. 跟隨某人去做某事 get sb. to do sth. 讓某人做某事 warn sb. (not) to do sth. 警告某人做某事（或不要做某事） encourage sb. to do sth. 鼓勵某人做某事 be afraid to do sth. 害怕做某事 be excited/glad/happy/sorry/ frightened/amazed/surprised to do sth. be/get ready to do sth.準(zhǔn)備做某事 can’t wait to do sth. 迫不急待地去做某事 get/have a chance to do sth. 得到一個做某事的機(jī)會 It’s + adj.+(for sb.) to do sth. / It’s +adj. +(of sb.) to do sth. It takes sb. some time to do sth. 花費某人多長時間做某事（?？迹?It’s time for sb. to do sth. 是某人做某事的時候了 too…(for sb.) to …太……以致不能…… ==not… enough to do （?？迹?prefer to do sth. rather than do sth. 寧愿……而不愿……（?？迹?something to eat/drink 一些吃/喝的東西 Sth. is hard/difficult/easy to do 做好某事很難/容易 take turns to do sth. 輪流做…… There is no time (for sb. ) to do sth. 對（某人來說）沒時間做某事了 There is no need (for sb.) to do sth. 對某人來說沒必要做某事 try/do one’s best to do sth. 盡力去做某事 have no choice but to do sth 別無選擇只能做某事 have something/nothing to do with sb 與......有關(guān)/無關(guān) 一、單項選擇 1．（2023·浙江·模擬預(yù)測）—Can I help you, sir? —I’d like to have someone ________ this letter. A．e-mailed B．to e-mail C．e-mailing D．e-mail 2．（2023·浙江·模擬預(yù)測）The naughty boys were made ________ their maths homework the next day. A．handing up B．hand out C．to hand in D．to handing off 3．（2023·吉林長春·模擬預(yù)測）________ a bright future, we teenagers should study hard and keep in good health. A．Get B．To get C．Getting D．Got 4．（2023·福建福州·模擬預(yù)測）________ hurting yourself, you should stay away from the boiling water. A．Avoiding B．Avoid C．To avoid 5．（2023·四川自貢·一模）Mr. Wang is such a great teacher that he always does what he can ________ us. A．help B．to help C．helping 6．（2023·四川涼山·模擬預(yù)測）When the mother heard her baby daughter say her first word, she felt so excited that she made a short video on Tik Tok (抖音) ________ her joy. A．shared B．share C．to share D．sharing 7．（2023·湖北武漢·統(tǒng)考模擬預(yù)測）—We won’t allow ________ in the supermarket. —But we are allowed ________ in the restroom. A．smoking; smoking B．to smoke; smoking C．to smoke; to smoke D．smoking; to smoke 8．（2023·重慶沙坪壩·三模）Ms. Chou, I will tell you my little secret if you promise ________ anyone else. A．to tell B．tell C．not to tell D．not tell 9．（2023·江蘇鎮(zhèn)江·統(tǒng)考一模）I’m happy that Judy has become the first one ________ five books during the Reading Week. A．finished B．to finish C．finishing D．finishes 10．（2023·江蘇宿遷·統(tǒng)考二模）Mr Wang often encourages us ________ close to nature and enjoy its beauty. A．get B．getting C．to get D．gets 11．（2023·重慶九龍坡·三模）To my surprise, my parents agreed__________ to the concert with me. A．go B．going C．to go D．went 12．（2023·江蘇淮安·?？家荒＃㏕he willow catkins(柳絮) are often seen ________ in Huaian in May. A．swim B．to swim C．swimming D．swam 13．（2023·重慶永川·統(tǒng)考一模）The teacher often tells us ________ others’ homework because it’s bad for us. A．not to copy B．to not copy C．not to copying D．to not copying 14．（2023·福建福州·三模）Cole made a survey ________ how many cities have hosted the Olympic Games. A．find out B．to find out C．found out 15．（2023·甘肅定西·統(tǒng)考三模）My father often tells me ________ too much time ________ computer games. A．not to spend; play B．to spend; play C．not to cost; playing D．not to spend; playing 16．（2023·吉林長春·統(tǒng)考一模）Wang Hui gets up early every morning ________ running. A．practice B．to practice C．practices D．practicing 17．（2023·內(nèi)蒙古呼倫貝爾·統(tǒng)考一模）It’s important for us ________ hard in order to have a better life. A．worked B．working C．work D．to work 18．（2023·黑龍江綏化·統(tǒng)考二模）Mr. Brown asked us to stop ________ and we stopped ________ to him at once. A．talking; to listen B．to talk; to listen C．talking; listening 19．（2023·黑龍江綏化·統(tǒng)考二模）—Jim, what makes you ________ so excited? —I will visit a Chinese family tomorrow. A．to feel B．feel C．feeling 20．（2023·西藏日喀則·統(tǒng)考二模）We found ________ very interesting ________ English. A．it; learning B．it; to learn C．that; to learn D．this; learning 二、用所給單詞適當(dāng)形式填空 21．（2023·云南昆明·模擬預(yù)測）Pang Meng wanted the magic medicine from Change’e. (steal) 22．（2023·甘肅隴南·模擬預(yù)測）He’s made a decision (give up) the chance to go abroad. 23．（2023·甘肅張掖·模擬預(yù)測）We should make a right plan for ourselves and try our best (reach) our goals. 24．（2023·甘肅臨夏·統(tǒng)考模擬預(yù)測）We are supposed (do) some housework for our parents when we have free time. 25．（2023·甘肅定西·模擬預(yù)測）Tom wants to invite me (play) basketball. 26．（2023·甘肅白銀·統(tǒng)考二模）His mother told him (wait) for her at home. 27．（2023·甘肅白銀·統(tǒng)考三模）Her mother told her (take) out the rubbish after lunch. 28．（2023·甘肅定西·統(tǒng)考一模）Miss White always tells us (read) the text aloud. 29．（2023·甘肅慶陽·統(tǒng)考一模）Our English teacher often encourages us （study） hard. 30．（2023·湖南永州·統(tǒng)考二模）Everyone needs (avoid) making the same mistakes. 31．（2023·湖北武漢·一模）The teacher’s help made it possible for me (make) so much progress. 32．（2023·江蘇南京·統(tǒng)考二模）As animal-lovers, they do everything they can (save) wild animals. 33．（2023·江蘇淮安·統(tǒng)考二模）My English teacher often advises us (practice) speaking more often. 34．（2023·江蘇淮安·三模）It is easy for people (travel) around Huai’an by tram (有軌電車). 35．（2023·江蘇無錫·統(tǒng)考二模）The bus was late. The poor old man had no choice but (wait) in the rain. 三、語法填空 （2023·陜西西安·模擬預(yù)測） Thursday??????July 3rd????????Sunny Today was the third day of our trip. My parents and I walked fifteen miles to reach a faraway village. We wanted to rent（租賃） 36 house there. There was only one empty house.We found out the owner. He told us not 37 it.No one liked to live there for there was a ghost（鬼）. But dad said it could be one of our exciting 38 in our trip and we had that house at last. At night, we quickly fell asleep 39 we were too tired after a day’s walk. Suddenly, I felt I 40 by a cold hand. I got up and felt scared. No, it was no ghost but mom. But she was shaking. I asked 41 . She said nothing but pointed to the window. Yes, somebody seemed to be moving about. The sound was sometimes on the top of the house and 42 on the ground. Even it seemed to fly through the air. We were all too scared to move. After some time, dad and I made up our mind to go out and 43 . But when dad opened the door. I felt even 44 . I heard the sound as before, but saw no one. And then suddenly all was clear. There was an owl flying about. Someone had tied bells 45 its legs, which made a sound whenever it moved. We had a good laugh and went to sleep. What an unforgettable experience it was! 36．A．a(chǎn) B．a(chǎn)n C．the D．/ 37．A．buy B．to buy C．take D．to take 38．A．secret B．secrets C．experience D．experiences 39．A．a(chǎn)lthough B．before C．because D．unless 40．A．touch B．a(chǎn)m touched C．touched D．was touched 41．A．why did she touch me B．why she touched me C．how did she touch me D．how she touched me 42．A．hardly B．usually C．a(chǎn)lways D．sometimes 43．A．see B．saw C．hear D．heard 44．A．scared B．more scared C．interested D．more interested 45．A．to B．for C．from D．with 一、用所給單詞適當(dāng)填空 1．（2023·江蘇淮安·統(tǒng)考中考真題）Our government has taken action (make) life in the countryside better. 2．The spirit of Lei Feng tells us （help） people in need. 3．（2023·湖南永州·統(tǒng)考中考真題）I’ve decided （stay）away from fried food and soft drinks since I had my medical exam. 二、完成句子 4．（2023·湖北十堰·統(tǒng)考中考真題）多吃蔬菜和水果有助于人們保持健康。 Eating more vegetables and fruits helps people . 5．（2023·陜西·統(tǒng)考中考真題）喝水對我們的身體有好處。 It’s good for us to . 6．（2023·甘肅武威·統(tǒng)考中考真題）每日練習(xí)對學(xué)習(xí)英語來說很重要。 It’s to English every day. 三、單項選擇 7．（2023·內(nèi)蒙古·統(tǒng)考中考真題）—Do you always get up so early? —Yes. ________ the first bus. My home is far away from school. A．To catch B．Catching C．Caught D．Catches 8．（2023·西藏·統(tǒng)考中考真題）Our art teacher encourages us ________ colorful things in life. A．look for B．looks for C．looking for D．to look for 9．（2023·內(nèi)蒙古呼和浩特·統(tǒng)考中考真題）________the quality of PE classes, some schools put smart technology into use. A．Improving B．To improve C．Improve D．Improved 四、語法填空 （2023·廣東·統(tǒng)考中考真題） 請通讀下面短文，掌握其大意，根據(jù)語法和上下文連貫的要求，從每小題所給的三個選項中選出一個最佳答案，并將答題卡上對應(yīng)題目所選的選項涂黑。 David is a 15-year-old boy and he is crazy about space. He always wonders how space stations work. For him, a space camp is 10 than any other camp in the world. At the age of seven, David had 11 first astronaut (宇航員) training experience. He and his parents 12 to a Family Space Camp. They had a taste of what it was like to travel 13 space. Everything was magical. 14 excited David was! David has been to many space camps over the last eight years. Last month, he went to 15 new space camp. It had a lot of fun training programs, 16 he enjoyed all of them. There he was often asked 17 he liked space camps so much. “I feel like a real astronaut in the space camp, and I don’t even need 18 the earth,” he said. These experiences have influenced his life. Now David 19 space science. He has made up his mind to be a space engineer in the future. 10．A．great B．greater C．the greatest 11．A．he B．him C．his 12．A．invited B．a(chǎn)re invited C．were invited 13．A．on B．in C．for 14．A．How B．What C．What an 15．A．a(chǎn) B．a(chǎn)n C．the 16．A．or B．but C．a(chǎn)nd 17．A．why B．when C．where 18．A．leave B．leaving C．to leave 19．A．study B．is studying C．was studying 功能例句說明主語To speak English is not easy for us =It is not easy for us to speak English. 作主語用的不定式，常常用it作形式主語，而把不定式放在后面。表語My work is to clean the room everyday. =To clean the room every day is my work. 多數(shù)情況下，不定式作表語，可轉(zhuǎn)換作為主語。賓語—What sports does he like to play? —He likes to play basketball.只能做某些動詞的賓語，一般不作介詞的賓語。賓補My mother made me play the piano all the time. 在make，let，see，hear，watch等使役、感官動詞后，不定式省略to。定語Have you got anything to say? 不定式作定語，要放在所修飾詞的后面。狀語I'm sorry to trouble you.（表原因）。 I went to the library to study English.（表目的）不定式作狀語，其邏輯主語要和句子的主語一致。

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這是一份第06講 非謂語動詞之分詞（課件）-2024年備戰(zhàn)2024中考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)精品課件+講義+練習(xí)（全國通用），共57頁。PPT課件主要包含了內(nèi)容索引，PART ONE，網(wǎng)絡(luò)構(gòu)建，真題感悟等內(nèi)容，歡迎下載使用。

第06講 非謂語動詞之分詞（講義）-備戰(zhàn)2024中考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)精品課件+講義+練習(xí)（全國通用）：

這是一份第06講 非謂語動詞之分詞（講義）-備戰(zhàn)2024中考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)精品課件+講義+練習(xí)（全國通用），文件包含第06講非謂語動詞之分詞講義-中考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)講練測全國通用解析版docx、第06講非謂語動詞之分詞講義-中考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)講練測全國通用學(xué)生版docx等2份課件配套教學(xué)資源，其中PPT共0頁， 歡迎下載使用。

第06講 非謂語動詞之動名詞和分詞（練習(xí)）-備戰(zhàn)2024中考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)精品課件+講義+練習(xí)（全國通用）：

這是一份第06講 非謂語動詞之動名詞和分詞（練習(xí)）-備戰(zhàn)2024中考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)精品課件+講義+練習(xí)（全國通用），文件包含第06講非謂語動詞之動名詞和分詞練習(xí)-中考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)講練測全國通用原卷版docx、第06講非謂語動詞之動名詞和分詞練習(xí)-中考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)講練測全國通用解析版docx等2份課件配套教學(xué)資源，其中PPT共0頁， 歡迎下載使用。

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第06講 非謂語動詞之動名詞（課件）-2024年備戰(zhàn)2024中考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)精品課件+講義+練習(xí)（全國通用）

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第06講 非謂語動詞之動詞不定式（課件）-2024年備戰(zhàn)2024中考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)精品課件+講義+練習(xí)（全國通用）
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