第06講非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之動(dòng)名詞（講義）-備戰(zhàn)2024中考英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí)精品課件+講義+練習(xí)（全國(guó)通用）-課件下載-教習(xí)網(wǎng)

?第07講非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之動(dòng)名詞（講義）【復(fù)習(xí)目標(biāo)】【考情分析】從近三年中考卷可以看出，對(duì)非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞中動(dòng)名詞的考查是必考點(diǎn)，主要是考查動(dòng)名詞作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)和定語(yǔ)等。但是題目的設(shè)置更加注重語(yǔ)境以及情景化和結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)雜化，加大了考生對(duì)題干的理解難度。因此，2024年中考備考要掌握動(dòng)名詞相關(guān)用法，熟悉動(dòng)名詞的常用搭配。動(dòng)名詞題型命題規(guī)律非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)詞動(dòng)名詞是歷年中考常考知識(shí)點(diǎn)。從考查形式看，一般有單項(xiàng)選擇、完形填空、詞語(yǔ)運(yùn)用等。所占分值通常為2～3分。從命題意圖看，側(cè)重考查考生的具體語(yǔ)言環(huán)境中使用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的能力。【網(wǎng)絡(luò)構(gòu)建】構(gòu)成：（to）+動(dòng)詞原形動(dòng)詞不定在句中的作用（主、賓、表、賓補(bǔ)、定、狀）非謂構(gòu)成：V.-ing 語(yǔ) 動(dòng)名詞動(dòng) 用法（主、賓、表、定）詞構(gòu)成：現(xiàn)在分詞 doing 過去分詞 done 分詞用法（表、補(bǔ)、定、狀）考向一動(dòng)名詞的形式和特征動(dòng)名詞是非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的一種，它由動(dòng)詞原形加-ing構(gòu)成，形式上與現(xiàn)在分詞相同。動(dòng)名詞既具有動(dòng)詞的特征，可以有自己的賓語(yǔ)或狀語(yǔ)，并與其一起構(gòu)成動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)，又具有名詞、形容詞及副詞的特征，在句中可作句子的主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、同位語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)等成分，但不能作謂語(yǔ)，因此稱動(dòng)名詞為非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。動(dòng)名詞的構(gòu)成：動(dòng)名詞一般由“動(dòng)詞原形+ing”構(gòu)成考向二動(dòng)名詞的句法功能（1）作主語(yǔ) 動(dòng)名詞作主語(yǔ)，放在句子的前面，但當(dāng)動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)較長(zhǎng)時(shí)，為了使句子保持平衡，常用it作形式主語(yǔ)，而將真正的主語(yǔ)放到句子的末尾。如： Reading makes a man perfect.閱讀使人完美。 Finding work is difficult these days.現(xiàn)在找工作很困難。 It's no use waiting for another hour.再等一個(gè)小時(shí)也沒用。注意： ①it作形式主語(yǔ)，動(dòng)名詞作真正的主語(yǔ)的常用句型： It is a waste of time doing sth ...做……是浪費(fèi)時(shí)間。 It is no good/no use doing ...做……是不好的/沒用的。 It is hardly/scarcely worth doing ...做……不值得。 It is worth/worthwhile doing ...做……是值得的。如： It is no good reading in the sun.在陽(yáng)光下看書是不好的。 It is useless remembering words only.只記單詞是沒有用的。 It is a waste of time doing such a thing.做這種事情是浪費(fèi)時(shí)間。 It is worth discussing the problem.討論這個(gè)問題是值得的。 ②動(dòng)名詞作主語(yǔ)常用于there be句型。如： There is no point doing such a silly thing.做這樣一件傻事毫無(wú)意義。 There is no stopping him.無(wú)法阻止他。 ③動(dòng)名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用第三人稱單數(shù)形式。如： Talking mends no holes.空談無(wú)濟(jì)于事。 Nodding the head means agreement.點(diǎn)頭意味著同意。（2）作賓語(yǔ) 動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)，既可用于及物動(dòng)詞和短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞后作賓語(yǔ)，也可用于介詞后作介詞的賓語(yǔ)。如： He enjoys reading stories.他喜歡讀故事。 I dislike playing cards.我不喜歡打牌。 Have you finished reading the book？你看完這本書了嗎？ They are practicing singing the new song.他們正在練習(xí)唱新歌。 He got down to working as soon as he got to the office.他一進(jìn)入辦公室就開始工作。 He hurried to school without having breakfast.他沒吃早飯就匆匆去了學(xué)校。 How about going for a picnic？去野餐怎么樣？注意： ①并不是所有的及物動(dòng)詞都可以用動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)，動(dòng)名詞只能做某些及物動(dòng)詞及短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ)。可以用動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞常用的有：enjoy，finish，spend，mind，keep，practice，stop，admit，advise，allow，avoid，dislike，miss，suggest 可以用動(dòng)名稱作賓語(yǔ)的短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞有：can't help，give up，keep on，feel like，carry on，put off，insist on，get down to，look forwards to，be/get used to等。 ②下列動(dòng)詞或形容詞want，require，need，worth后跟動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，主動(dòng)形式表被動(dòng)意義。如： The book is worth reading.這本書值得讀。 The house requires repairing at once.這座房子需要馬上維修。 ③除介詞besides，but，except后跟不定式作介詞賓語(yǔ)外，其他介詞一般都須跟動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)。如： You must finish your work before going to the concert.你必須在去聽音樂會(huì)之前把工作完成。 On seeing her mother，the little girl began to cry out.這個(gè)小女孩一看見她的母親就大哭了起來(lái)。（3）作表語(yǔ) 動(dòng)名詞作表語(yǔ)，有兩種情況：①當(dāng)動(dòng)名詞具有名詞性質(zhì)時(shí)，動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)說明主語(yǔ)的內(nèi)容；②當(dāng)動(dòng)名詞具有形容詞性質(zhì)時(shí)，動(dòng)名詞說明主語(yǔ)的性質(zhì)或特征。如： His job is teaching English.他的工作是教英語(yǔ)。（說明工作的內(nèi)容） His job is interesting.他的工作很有趣。（說明工作的特征）注意：當(dāng)動(dòng)詞-ing的動(dòng)作是主語(yǔ)所發(fā)出時(shí)，句子不是系表結(jié)構(gòu)，而是現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)。如： He is teaching Japanese at that school.他在那所學(xué)校教日語(yǔ)。（現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)）（4）作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ) 動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，放在賓語(yǔ)的后面。如： I watched them playing volleyball on the playground.我看他們?cè)诓賵?chǎng)上打排球了。 Don't have your guest standing there.不要讓客人站在那里。注意：用動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的常用動(dòng)詞有： ①表示感覺、知覺的動(dòng)詞：hear，see，watch，notice，feel，look at，listen to等。如： I heard her singing in the next door.我聽見她在隔壁唱歌。 ②動(dòng)詞find，get，have，keep，leave，send，suggest等。如： I found the missing boy playing by the river.我發(fā)現(xiàn)那個(gè)失蹤的男孩在河邊玩。（5）作定語(yǔ) 動(dòng)名詞或動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)，有的放在它所修飾的名詞之前，有的放在它所修飾的名詞之后。 ①單個(gè)的動(dòng)名詞作定語(yǔ)時(shí)，總是位于被修飾的名詞之前，說明被修飾名詞的目的、用途或特征。如： China is a developing country.中國(guó)是一個(gè)發(fā)展中國(guó)家。 Would you please give me some writing paper？請(qǐng)給一些書寫紙好嗎？ ②動(dòng)名詞后接名詞、代詞或副詞構(gòu)成的短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)時(shí)，總是位于所修飾的名詞之后，說明名詞所處的狀態(tài)或進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。如： The boy studying in the classroom is Li Lei.在教室里學(xué)習(xí)的那個(gè)男孩是李雷。 Don't trouble the dog sleeping over there .不要惹是生非。（6）作同位語(yǔ) 動(dòng)名詞作同位語(yǔ)，位于同位的名詞之后，且跟前面的名詞用逗號(hào)隔開，表示前面名詞的內(nèi)容。如： His idea，helping farmers get in their crops，interested us very much.我們對(duì)他那幫助農(nóng)民收割莊稼的想法很感興趣。 The goal，making two thousand cars this month，excites the workers.本月生產(chǎn)兩千輛小汽車的目標(biāo)使工人們很興奮。考向三常見跟動(dòng)詞的ing形式的情況總結(jié)歸納 ?動(dòng)詞： finish doing sth.完成做某事；enjoy doing sth. 喜歡做某事； practice doing sth. 練習(xí)做某事；imagine doing,想象做某事； avoid doing sth.避免做某事；consider doing sth.考慮做某事； suggest doing sth.建議做某事；mind doing sth.介意做某事；keep doing sth.持續(xù)做我們可按下面的順口溜記憶這些詞。完成實(shí)踐值得忙（finish, practice, be worth, be busy）繼續(xù)習(xí)慣別放棄（keep on, be used to, give up）考慮建議不禁想（consider, suggest, can't help, feel like）喜歡思念要介意（enjoy, miss, mind） ②固定短語(yǔ)： feel like doing sth.喜歡做某事； be busy doing sth.忙于做某事 be worth doing 值得做某事； spend time (in) doing sth.花費(fèi)時(shí)間（金錢）做某事； have difficulty/trouble/problems (in) doing sth做某事有困難； have fun doing.做某事高興 = 3 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ③介詞后(on, in, of, about, at, with, without, for, from, up, by等) 如：be good at doing sth= do well in doing sth..； thank you for doing sth.； give up doing sth.； stop/keep/prevent sb. from doing sth.； be afraid of doing sth.； be interested in doing sth.； be proud of； instead of； be fond of = 4 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ④to作介詞+doing 1. look forward to doing sth （盼望） 2. pay attention to doing sth.（注意） 3.be used to doing sth. （習(xí)慣于） 4.prefer doing sth to doing sth.（更喜歡） 5.devote...... to doing sth （致力于） 6. make a contribution to doing （做貢獻(xiàn)）一、用所給單詞適當(dāng)形式填空 1．（2023·浙江·模擬預(yù)測(cè)）Nowadays the volunteers from the charity are busy money for the children who have infantile autism (自閉癥). (collect) 2．（2023·甘肅張掖·校考模擬預(yù)測(cè)）Seeing Linda arrive at the finishing line, her classmates couldn’t help (cheer) for her loudly. 3．（2023·甘肅武威·?？寄M預(yù)測(cè)）After (finish) doing your homework, you can have a good rest. 4．（2023·甘肅隴南·模擬預(yù)測(cè)）Thanks a lot for (invite) me to your house. 5．（2023·甘肅定西·校考模擬預(yù)測(cè)）Jack hasn’t taken his piano lessons for a long time. He is considering ( give ) them up. 6．（2023·遼寧盤錦·校聯(lián)考三模）To avoid （hit）the truck, he ran into the wall and his arm was badly hurt. 7．（2023·甘肅白銀·統(tǒng)考二模）Would you mind (close) the windows? It’s too cold. 8．（2023·甘肅定西·統(tǒng)考三模）He stopped his son from (play) games on the mobile phone. 9．（2023·西藏日喀則·統(tǒng)考二模）Please stop (cry), little man! I haven’t touched your tooth yet. 10．（2023·甘肅平?jīng)觥そy(tǒng)考一模）All of the students stopped (talk) when the teacher came into the classroom. 11．（2023·甘肅定西·統(tǒng)考二模）All the students are looking forward to (meet) the famous singer. 12．（2023·甘肅白銀·統(tǒng)考三模）Amy practices (play) the piano twice a week. 13．（2023·黑龍江雞西·統(tǒng)考一模）I’ll spend as much time as I can （help）in an old people’s home. 14．（2023·甘肅定西·統(tǒng)考一模）Li Yi is interested in art and she practices （ paint） every day. 15．（2023·云南昭通·統(tǒng)考二模）Everyone plays an important role in the environment. (protect) 二、單項(xiàng)選擇 16．（2023·浙江·模擬預(yù)測(cè)）—The window is broken and needs ________. —I think so. They can hardly keep out the cold now. A．repairing B．to repair C．repaired D．be repaired 17．（2023·吉林長(zhǎng)春·模擬預(yù)測(cè)）—Have you finished ________ the picture? —Not yet. I am busy these days. A．draw B．to draw C．drawing D．drew 18．（2023·甘肅武威·?？寄M預(yù)測(cè)）—What do you remember about Grade Seven, Jane? —I remember ________ the Old People’s Home. A．visit B．to visit C．visiting D．visited 19．（2023·四川瀘州·統(tǒng)考一模）Nobody can avoid ________ mistakes. A．makes B．making C．to make D．made 20．（2023·江蘇徐州·?？级＃㏕here is no doubt ________ Harry Potter is worth ________. A．whether; reading B．if; to read C．that; reading D．that; being read 21．（2023·上海黃浦·統(tǒng)考三模）I’m really looking forward ________ with you on the project. A．work B．to work C．working D．to working 22．（2023·海南海口·統(tǒng)考一模）—I feel really tired after working for a long time. —Why not consider ________ a break? A．have B．to have C．having 23．（2023·吉林長(zhǎng)春·統(tǒng)考二模）I think ________ not difficult ________ English every morning. A．that; keep reading B．it’s; to keep reading C．that; to keep read D．it; to keep to read 24．（2023·江蘇宿遷·統(tǒng)考一模）—Mr. Lee is an animal-lover. He spends as much time as he can ________ animals. —He is a true friend of animals. A．protect B．protects C．to protect D．protecting 25．（2023·江蘇連云港·統(tǒng)考二模）Many students have difficulty ________ with their parents, which causes trouble in their life. A．communicate B．to communicate C．communicating D．communicated 26．（2023·云南昆明·統(tǒng)考二模）—Would you mind my ________ here? —Better not. If you do that, you will be fined (罰款). A．smoke B．to smoke C．smoking D．smokeing 27．（2023·遼寧阜新·統(tǒng)考二模）I asked Uncle Tom to stop ________ because he didn’t feel well. A．smoke B．smoked C．to smoke D．smoking 28．（2023·四川攀枝花·統(tǒng)考二模）I’m sleepy. I prefer ________ at home to ________ out for a walk. A．sleeping; going B．to sleep; go C．slept; go D．sleep; going 29．（2023·四川廣元·統(tǒng)考模擬預(yù)測(cè)）Recently, ________ in public places is forbidden. A．smoke B．to smoke C．smoked D．smoking 30．（2023·湖南湘西·統(tǒng)考一模）I often practice ________ the piano in the morning, but my neighbors don’t mind ________ the sound. A．play; hearing B．playing; hearing C．playing; to hear 31．（2023·江蘇南京·統(tǒng)考一模）Look at the picture. What great fun the children are having ________ now! A．catching fish B．to catch fish C．feeding fish D．to feed fish 32．（2023·廣西柳州·統(tǒng)考二模）—Jim, do you often shop online? —Seldom. I think ________ over the Internet isn’t always safe. A．paying B．pays C．pay 33．（2023·湖北襄陽(yáng)·統(tǒng)考一模）— What would you like to drink, tea or coffee? — Well, I used to drink coffee. But now I ________ tea. I think tea is healthier. A．used to B．a(chǎn)m used to drink C．a(chǎn)m used to drinking D．used to drinking 34．（2023·江蘇宿遷·統(tǒng)考二模）I think we should spend as much time as we can ________ in our spare time. A．read B．to read C．reading D．to reading 35．（2022·江蘇蘇州·?？家荒＃〩e devoted what he paid attention ________ it possible for women ________ better education. A．to making; to receive B．to making; to receiving C．to to making; to receive D．to to making; receive 三、語(yǔ)法選擇（2023·廣東梅州·統(tǒng)考一模） Recently, a Yunnan girl dancing in front of her mother’s pork shop became popular online. The girl’s name is Wu Gangyun. She showed great 36 in dancing when she was very young. She always dreamed to be a dancer when growing up. 37 Wu’s mother knew nothing about dancing, she supported her daughter. But Wu’s family wasn’t very 38 . Her parents didn’t have enough money to send her to 39 professional dancing school. However, Wu Gangyun never gave up her love for dancing. She began to watch videos about dancing online and then taught 40 how to dance. She was not only talented but also hard-working. She practiced 41 whenever she was free. The neighbors often saw Wu dance 42 when her mother was working in the small pork shop. Luckily, Wu’s talent attracted the attention of Zhang Ping and her husband. The warm-hearted couple 43 their best to help poor girls in Yunnan to continue their dancing education for many years. Later, with the help of the couple, Wu Gangyun made great progress. With several 44 children from her hometown, Wu even performed “The Wizard of Oz” on the CCTV stage. The performance was a huge success. We all have the chance to make our dream 45 true as long as we never give up. 36．A．interest B．interesting C．interested D．interestingly 37．A．But B．Although C．Or D．Because 38．A．rich B．richer C．richest D．the richest 39．A．a(chǎn) B．a(chǎn)n C．the D．/ 40．A．her B．hers C．she D．herself 41．A．dance B．to dance C．dancing D．danced 42．A．happy B．unhappy C．happiness D．happily 43．A．try B．have tried C．a(chǎn)re trying D．will try 44．A．others B．the others C．other D．the other 45．A．came B．come C．coming D．to come 一、單項(xiàng)選擇 1．（2022·青?！そy(tǒng)考中考真題）—The doctors are busy ________ how to deal with this disease these days. —So they are. They’re really hard-working. A．discuss B．to discuss C．discussing 2．（2022·西藏·統(tǒng)考中考真題）________ too much sweet food will make people get fat. A．Eating B．Eats C．Eat D．Ate 3．（2022·內(nèi)蒙古呼和浩特·中考真題）—Most teenagers like humorous TV shows. —Me too. I can’t help ________ when I watch them. A．laughing B．to laugh C．laughed D．laugh 4．（2022·上?！そy(tǒng)考中考真題）The young player spends four hours _______ volleyball every day. A．practise B．practising C．to practise D．practised 5．（2022·貴州黔西·統(tǒng)考中考真題）Most of the students are looking forward to ________ themselves after the exams. A．work B．working C．relax D．relaxing 6．（2022·廣西玉林·統(tǒng)考中考真題）—Safety comes first! Everyone should stop the kids from ________ in the lake or river. —Life is valuable. Kids must remember ________ the school rules.　　 A．swim; to follow B．swim; following C．swimming; following D．swimming; to follow 7．（2022·廣西河池·統(tǒng)考中考真題）I usually spend time ________ in the library on weekends. A．read B．reading C．reads D．to read 8．（2022·黑龍江綏化·統(tǒng)考中考真題）If you have difficulty ________ out the problem, you can ask the teacher for help. A．work B．working C．to work 9．（2022·黑龍江綏化·統(tǒng)考中考真題）What about ________ the song Together for a Shared Future? Its name is the slogan (口號(hào)) of Beijing 2022 Olympic Winter Games. A．sing B．singing C．to sing 10．（2022·黑龍江綏化·統(tǒng)考中考真題）Holly prefers playing the piano to ________ the violin. Listen! She ________ the piano in her room. A．play; is playing B．playing; plays C．playing; is playing 二、用所給單詞適當(dāng)形式填空 11．（2023·江蘇淮安·統(tǒng)考中考真題）—Professor Wang will give us a talk on the history of Huai’an tomorrow. —Really? I look forward to (attend) it. 12．（2023·黑龍江·統(tǒng)考中考真題）When we learn English, we must pay attention to (pronounce) the words correctly. 13．（2023·內(nèi)蒙古包頭·統(tǒng)考中考真題）To many Chinese people, the process of the Spring Festival dinner together is more important than the dinner itself. (prepare) 14．（2023·四川達(dá)州·統(tǒng)考中考真題）The old saying “A fall into a pit, a gain in your wit.” means we should learn from mistakes and avoid (make) the same mistakes again. 15．（2022·內(nèi)蒙古·中考真題）Most of the Chinese chose to stay at home to prevent the COVID-19 from (spread) around. 16．（2022·西藏·統(tǒng)考中考真題）As for me, I usually practice (play) badminton to keep fit. 17．（2022·貴州六盤水·統(tǒng)考中考真題）Look! Jim is having fun (skate) in the snow. He thinks it’s good exercise. 18．（2019·江蘇揚(yáng)州·中考真題）If the golden sun should stop its light, just one smile from you would make my whole world bright. (shine) 19．（2022·內(nèi)蒙古包頭·統(tǒng)考中考真題）I remember my key into my bag, but now it’s not there! （put） 20．（2022·江蘇無(wú)錫·統(tǒng)考中考真題）— Lily, I have difficulty (read) comic strips in English. — Don’t worry. Let’s read some together. 21．（2022·江蘇泰州·統(tǒng)考中考真題）Gu Ailing has a gift for (ski) and won high praise in Beijing 2022 Olympic Winter Games. 22．（2022·甘肅武威·統(tǒng)考中考真題）More and more young people enjoy (read) poems. 23．Mr. Black has been in China for three years and now he is used to (eat) Chinese food. 24．（2022·湖南永州·統(tǒng)考中考真題）When playing in the hallways students should avoid (push) each other. 25．（2021·江蘇淮安·統(tǒng)考中考真題）Volunteers in our community are busy (get) ready for the coming charity show. 目錄一復(fù)習(xí)目標(biāo)掌握目標(biāo)及備考方向二考情分析2023年中考名詞考情分析三網(wǎng)絡(luò)構(gòu)建知識(shí)點(diǎn)頭腦風(fēng)暴五動(dòng)名詞考向動(dòng)名詞的形式及特征動(dòng)名詞的句法功能常見跟動(dòng)詞的ing形式的情況總結(jié)歸納提升必考題型歸納六真題感悟中考動(dòng)名詞經(jīng)典考題

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