魯教版八年級英語上冊第四單元學案-學案下載-教習網(wǎng)

?Unit4 An old man tried to move the mountains.

1. 能認讀并能背誦本單元單詞；
2. 能熟記本單元重點短語和句型；
3. 鞏固一般過去時，能學以致用；牢記狀語從句引導詞詞義。

單詞回顧
1、射擊____________（過去式________）2、石頭__________3、虛弱的；無力的_____________
4、神；上帝_________5、提醒；使想起____________ 6、有點兒；稍微________________
7、愚蠢的；不明事理的__________ 8、代替；反而______________9、變成_________________
10、物品；物體____________11、隱藏；隱蔽__________ 12、尾巴_________
13、有魔力的____________14、棍；條_________15、使激動_____________
16、西方的；歐美的_____________17、繼姐__________
18、王子_____________19、愛上；喜歡上________________ 20、適合；合身________
21、微笑________22、夫妻；兩人；兩件事____________
23、結(jié)婚____________/________________ 24、金子；金色的_______25、皇帝____________
26、絲綢__________27、內(nèi)衣______________ 28、沒有人；小人物_____________
29、愚蠢的___________ 30、欺騙；騙子__________31、繼母_________________
32、妻子_____________33、丈夫_____________34、全部的；整體的_____________
35、場景____________36、月光______________37、發(fā)光；照耀____________
（過去式__________）38、明亮的（地）________________39、地面______________
40、帶路；領(lǐng)路___________（過去式_________）41、聲音_______42、勇敢的_______

引導狀語從句的連詞unless, as soon as, so...that...的用法
狀語從句在主從復(fù)合句中修飾主句中的動詞，形容詞或副詞等。狀語從句由從屬連詞引導，與主句連接，位于句首時，常與主句用逗號分開，位于句末時，一般不用逗號。狀語從句根據(jù)其用途可分為時間狀語從句，原因狀語從句，結(jié)果狀語從句，條件狀語從句，讓步狀語從句，方式狀語從句，目的狀語從句等。我們主要講時間狀語從句，結(jié)果狀語從句和條件狀語從句。
分類
引導詞
例句
時間狀語從句
when/while/as(當......時);
before(在......之前);
after(在......之后);
since(自從);
until/till(直到......);
as soon as(一......就......)
I was doing my homework when my mother came in.
He didn’t go to bed until his father came back.
條件狀語從句
if(如果);
as long as(只要);
unless(除非)
If it doesn’t rain tomorrow, I will go to the park.
Unless bad weather stops me, I go for a walk every day.
結(jié)果狀語從句
so that(結(jié)果是);
so...that.../such...that...
(如此......以至于......)
It’s so hot outside that nobody wants to go out.
漢譯英：
1. 在我從大學畢業(yè)之后，我成了一名教師。
_________________________________________________________________________________
2. 我一到達北京就會給你打電話。
_________________________________________________________________________________
3. 除非你更努力地學習，否則你是趕不上他的。
_________________________________________________________________________________
4. 她是一個如此善良的女孩以至于每個人都喜歡她。
_________________________________________________________________________________

Section A
1. How does the story begin?
【解析】begin → began → begun v 開始
→ beginning n 開始
at the beginning of 在......開始
【拓展】begin to do sth/ doing sth 開始做某事
【練習】漢譯英
她開始向小組解釋她的行動計劃。
_______________________________________
2. A man told Yu Gong that he could never do it.
【辨析】speak/talk/say/tell
【解析1】say “講，說”，強調(diào)說話內(nèi)容
say to sb 對某人說（強調(diào)說的內(nèi)容和結(jié)果）
It is said that... “據(jù)說......” 　　　　
【練習1】漢譯英
(1) 請用英語講它。
_________________________
(2) 跟任何人道別都是我最討厭的事。
____________________________________________
(3) 據(jù)說他能在水下呆很長時間。
__________________________________________
【解析2】speak “說，講”，其賓語常是某種語言
speak + 語言　　　　　　
speak to sb（注重說的對象，常常用于電話中）
【練習2】漢譯英
(1) 我過去說法語。
_______________________
(2) 能讓Tom接電話嗎？
__________________________
【解析3】talk “談?wù)摚勗挕?，不及物動詞
talk about/of 談?wù)?.....
talk to/with 和......交談
【練習3】漢譯英
(1) 他們正在談?wù)撾娪啊?br /> ______________________
(2) 老師正在跟Mike談話。
___________________________
【解析4】tell “講，告訴，對......說”，作及物動詞
tell the truth tell a lie tell the time tell?a?story
tell?sb.?sth./tell?sth.?to?sb.
tell?sb.?to?do?sth.
【擴展】tell：辨別，說出區(qū)別
tell A from B
【練習4】填空
(1)他們會給你講故事并且你可以交朋友。
They can ________ ________ stories and you can ________ ________.
(2)說出A與B之間的區(qū)別。Tell the differences between A and B.
__________________________________
3. A man saw Yu Gong and his (children/family) when they were working on moving the mountains.
【解析】work on 忙于；從事
【拓展】work 短語總結(jié)：work on 從事 work out 解決；算出
【練習】漢譯英
(1) 他正在忙于一本新小說。
______________________________
(2) 我算出了這個數(shù)學問題。
________________________________
4. As soon as the man finished (talking/speaking) , Yu Gong said that his family could continue to move the mountains after he died.
【解析1】as soon as 一......就......（引導時間狀語從句，從句用一般現(xiàn)在時，主句用一般將來時，即主將從現(xiàn)）
【練習1】填空
雨一停我們就回家。
We _____ ______ home as ______ as the rain ______.
【解析2】 continue doing sth = go on doing sth 繼續(xù)做某事(前后做同一件事)
continue to do sth = go on to do sth 繼續(xù)做某事(前后不是同一件事)
【練習2】填空
他想繼續(xù)工作到六十歲。
She wants to continue ______ ______ she ______ 60.
5. This story reminds us that you can never know what’s possible unless you try to make it happen.
【解析】remind 提醒；使想起
(1) remind of 提醒，使記起 (2) remind sb of sth 使某人記起某事
(3) remind sb to do sth 提醒某人去做某事 (4) remind sb + that從句
【練習】填空
(1) 提醒我出去之前給艾倫打電話。
Remind me _______ phone Alan _______ I go out.
(2) 這股氣味讓我想起了法國。
The smell _______ me _______ France.
6. So what do you think about the story of Yu Gong?
【解析】“你認為……怎么樣？” What do you think about …? = What do you think of …? = How do you like …? （用來詢問對方對某人或某事的看法和觀點）
【練習】漢譯英
你認為這個新電影怎么樣？
__________________________
【擴展】think短語
短語
含義
接代詞時位置
例句
think about
考慮、思考
代詞放在其后
I’ll think about it and call you back soon.
think over
仔細思考
代詞放在中間
I have to think it over carefully before I make a decision.
think of
想起；認為

I can’t think of his name right now.
7. Yu Gong found a good way to solve his problem.
【解析1】a good way to do sth 一個做某事的好辦法
【解析2】solve v 解決 → solution n 解決辦法
【辨析】
(1)solve 常與problem搭配，表示“解決問題”，且問題難度大，這里的問題更有“麻煩”的含義。
(2)answer 常與question搭配，表示“回答問題”，問題難度小，更多指類似于“1+1=2”的具體學術(shù)問題。
【練習】
填空：輪到你回答我的問題了。
It’s your _______ to ______ my question.
漢譯英：你能幫我解決這個麻煩嗎？
____________________________________
8. Well, I still don’t agree with you.
【解析】agree v → (反) disagree → agreement n同意
(1) agree with sb 同意某人 (表示同意某人或某人的意見、想法)
(2) agree on 主要指雙方通過協(xié)商而取得一致意見或達成協(xié)議
(3) agree to do sth 同意做某事
【練習】填空
(1) 我同意你。
I ________ ________ you.
(2) 我們認同這個價格。
We ________ ________ the price.
(3) 他同意跟我們一起去。
He ________ ________ go with us.

9. I think we should try to find other ways to solve a problem.
【解析】⑴ another “另一個；另外的” , 泛指三種或三種以上的另一個。
⑵ others “另一些” , 和some對比使用時，無“其他”之意。另：others=other+n
⑶ the others “其余的” , 指在一個范圍內(nèi)的其他全部。
⑷ the other “另一個” , 指兩者中的另一個。

【練習】填空
(1) 這件襯衫太小了，請給我看看另一件。
This shirt is too small, please show me ___________ ________.
(2) 一些學生正在唱歌；一些學生正在跳舞。
Some students are singing; _________ are dancing.
=Some students are singing; _________ _________ are dancing.
(3) 麗莎比我們班上的其他學生都高。
Lisa is ________ than ________ ________ in our class.
(4) 我有兩個姐姐，一個是老師，一個是醫(yī)生。
I have two sisters, ________ is a teacher, _________ _________ is a doctor.
10. It doesn’t seem very possible to move a mountain.
【解析】seem 似乎，好像
(1) seem+adj/n (2)seem to do
(3)seem to be + adj.(說明主語的特征或狀態(tài)) (4)It seems + that 從句
【練習】填空
(1) 格林先生似乎很開心。
Mr. Green seemed to _________ quite happy.=Mr. Green ________ ________ happy.
(2) 他似乎是一個誠實的男人。
He seems __________ __________ man.
(3) 似乎他在撒謊。
It seemed that he __________ __________.
11. But what could Yu Gong do instead of moving the mountains?
【解析】instead of 代替；反而
(1) instead 副詞，“代替” 放在句末，或者放在句首用逗號隔開。
(2) instead of +n/doing/代詞 “代替，而不是”，放在句中。
【練習】填空
(1) 我代替杰克去。
I’ll go __________ ___________ Jack.
(2) 現(xiàn)在我可以步行去上班，而不必開車了。
Now I can _________ to work __________ __________ _________ by car.
(3) 咱們還是待在家里吧。
Let's stay at home __________.
12. You have different opinions about the story, and neither of you is wrong.
【解析】neither 兩者都不；反義詞：both兩者都
“neither of +名詞復(fù)數(shù)” 作主語時，謂語動詞常用單數(shù)形式。
neither… nor … “既不......也不......”，連接兩個詞做主語，謂語動詞遵循就近原則。
若要表達“......也不......”，則用 “Neither /Nor + be / V助/ V情 + 主”。
【練習】漢譯英
我和她都不知道他的名字。
______________________________
填空
—我沒完成作業(yè)。
—我也沒完成。
—I didn't finish my homework.
—________ ________ I.
13. In November 1979, pupils in England were able to watch a new TV program called Monkey.
【解析1】be able to “能夠”，后接動詞原形，強調(diào)通過努力而獲得的能力，用于各種時態(tài)。
can “能，會”，強調(diào)自身的能力，只有一般現(xiàn)在時或一般過去時。
【練習1】填空
(1) 昨晚我能幫你，但是你沒來。
I ________ help you last night, but you ________ come.
(2) 他明天能幫你。
He _______ _______ _______ _______ help you tomorrow.
【解析2】called “被稱為”，后面常加名詞作后置定語 called=named=with the name of叫做
【練習2】填空
你認識一個叫哈利的男孩嗎？
Do you know a boy __________ _________?
14. But unless he can hide his tail, he cannot turn himself into a person.
【解析】 turn … into … 把……變成……；把……譯成……
turn on 打開 turn off 關(guān)掉（煤氣，水，電，收音機，電視機等）
turn down 關(guān)小　　turn up 調(diào)高
turn to 翻到（第幾頁）；轉(zhuǎn)向（某人）
It’s one’s turn to do sth 輪到某人做某事?????
【練習】漢譯英
(1) 請翻到第十頁。
____________________
(2) 該你看醫(yī)生了。
______________________________
15. Sometimes he can make the stick so small that he can keep it in his ear.
【解析1】some time /sometime/some times/sometimes
口訣：分開是一段，合起是某時；分開s 是倍次，合起s是有時。
(1) some time 一段時間，做時間狀語 It takes sb. some time to do sth.
(2) sometime adv. 在某個時候
(3) some times 名詞詞組，“幾次，幾倍”
(4) sometimes=at times 有時（一般現(xiàn)在時的標志詞）
【練習1】填空
(1) 開車回家花費了我一些時間。
It took me some _________ _________ _________ to home.
(2) 格林先生上個夏天去了幾次三亞。
Mr. Green _________ to Sanya __________ __________ last summer.
【解析2】so… that… “如此......以致......”，引導結(jié)果狀語從句
【練習2】填空
(1) 他跑的如此快以至于我不能抓住他。
He ran _____ fast that I ________ ________ him.
(2) 他如此生氣以至于他不能說一個字。
He _____ so _________ _________ _________ couldn’t say a word.
16. And as soon as the TV program came out more than 30 years ago, Western children became interested in reading this story because the clever Monkey King keeps fighting to help the weak and never gives up.
【解析】(1) as soon as “一......就......”，引導時間狀語從句，遵循主將從現(xiàn)原則。
(2) come out ①出版；發(fā)行 ②開花；出來；出現(xiàn)；披露
(3) more than = over 超過；多于反義詞：less than 少于
【練習】漢譯英
(1) 這個新書什么時候出版？
______________________________
(2) 雨一停我們就回家。
___________________________________
填空
(1) 一些花朵在早春開始開花。
Some flowers ________ to ________ ________ ________ early spring.
(2) 超過500個學生不喜歡穿校服。
More than five _________ students ________ ________ ________ school uniforms.

Section B
1. Gretel heard this, and Hansel made a plan to save himself and his sister.
【解析】 make a plan to do sth 制定計劃去做某事 make a plan for sth 為了某事而制定計劃
【拓展】①plan v → planning → planned ②n 計劃
plan to do sth 計劃做某事 = plan on doing sth
【練習】
(1) 為了期末考試做計劃是必要的。
______ a plan ______ the final examination ______ necessary.
(2) 我們昨天打算走路回家。
We ________ ______ walk to home yesterday.
2. Did you hear our stepmother planning to kill us?
【解析】hear sb. doing sth 聽到某人正在做某事
hear sb. do sth 聽見某人做某事，表示聽到的全過程
be heard to do sth 被聽到做某事
【練習】填空
他昨天被聽到練習英語口語。
He ______ heard to practice ________ ________ yesterday.
3. It’s leading us to that wonderful house made of bread , cake and sugar.
【解析1】lead 帶路；領(lǐng)路
lead to 導致......，通向...... lead sb. to do sth 帶領(lǐng)某人做某事
【解析2】be made of 由......制成（看得出原材料）
be made from 由......制成（看不出原材料）
【拓展】make →made→ made v 制作，做
(1) make v制作，做
make sentence 造句 make noise 制作噪音 make a mistake 犯錯
make money 賺錢 make friends with 與……交朋友
(2) make v使役動詞：迫使，導致，讓
①make sb do sth 讓某人做某事 make sb laugh 使某人發(fā)笑
②make sb/sth + adj. 使某人、某物處于某種狀態(tài) ③be made to do sth 被迫做某事
【練習】填空
(1) 雨天經(jīng)常讓我悲傷。
Rainy days often ________ me ________.
(2) 條條大路通羅馬。
All roads _________ _________ Rome.
(3) 老師帶領(lǐng)我們努力學習。
The teachers _________ _________ _________ study hard.
(4) 這個男孩被迫站在教室外十分鐘。
The boy _____ made _____ stand out of the classroom _____ ten minutes.
4. The next day , the wife sent the children to the forest.
【解析】send sb. to +地點將某人送到某地 send→ sent → sent v 發(fā)送
【短語】send away 趕走 send for 派人去請 send off 寄出
send out 分發(fā) send up 發(fā)射 send sb sth = send sth to sb 送給某人某物
【練習】填空
這家俱樂部將會寄給我一個免費禮物。
The club ________ ________ ________ a free gift.

Have you ever heard of?The Legend of White Snake? It is a very famous traditional Chinese story. 1.???? ??It has a connection (聯(lián)系) to the Dragon Boat Festival.
Once upon a time, there lived two snakes, White Snake and Green Snake. They had magical power and became two beautiful young ladies. At the West Lake of Hangzhou, they met a men named Xu Xian. White Snake quickly fell in love with him. 2.???? ?
The Dragon Boat Festival came. In those days, people drink realgar wine (雄黃酒). 3.??? ???If she drank the wine, she would turn into the snake again.
Xu Xian didn't know this. So he asked his wife to drink realgar wine. Soon White Snake became very ill and went into her room. When Xu Xian entered the room, he couldn't find his wife. 4.??? ???He was frightened to death. Later, White Snake recovered (恢復(fù)). In order to save her husband, she went to steal a magical herb (藥草) from a god. In the end, the god was moved by her true love and save Xu Xian.
根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從方框內(nèi)的選項中能填入空白處的最佳選項（有一項多余）。
A. They got married soon.
B. Xu Xian ran outside to ask someone to save his wife.
C. He saw a huge white snake on the bed.
D. It is a love story between the White Snake and Xu Xian.
E. But it was dangerous for White Snake.?

Not long ago, there was a story in Russia about ZHUOYA and SHULA. They were sister and brother. They were in 1 same class of a middle school. They studied hard. They were 2 strict?3 themselves. Their homework was given the day before. SHULA was clever. He had done his homework earlier. But ZHUOYA hadn’t yet. The next afternoon she went on doing hers.
SHULA thought his sister maybe couldn’t finish some of the exercises. So he put his exercise-book with answers on his sister’s desk before ZHUOYA came in the classroom, and went out quietly to play. A few minutes later, ZHUOYA came in and saw her brother’s exercise-book on her desk. But she had never looked at it all. She sat on her seat, thinking and thinking. Five minutes, ten minutes, half an hour had?4?. An hour and a half?5?, she worked out all problems at last and handed it in on time that afternoon. How happy she was!
“Why not copy my key down in?6?, sister?” asked SHULA with a smile. “No, I didn’t. I must use my head and try my?7?to?8?all by myself. I’m sure, I can?9?a way. I don’t like to be lazy in?10 homework,” answered ZHUOYA.
(　 ) 1. A. a　　　　　　 B. an　　　　　　C. the　　　　　　 D. /
(　 ) 2. A. both　　　　　 B. either　　　　　 C. neither　　　　 D. all
(　 ) 3. A. on　　　　　　 B. with　　　　　 C. in　　　　　　 D. at
(　 ) 4. A. past　　　　　 B. pass　　　　　 C. passed　　　　 D. pasted
(　 ) 5. A. later　　　　　 B. late　　　　　 C. latterly　　　　 D. lately
(　 ) 6. A. you　　　　　 B. yours　　　　 C. your　　　　　 D. mine
(　 ) 7. A. good　　　　　 B. better　　　　 C. best　　　　　 D. well
(　 ) 8. A. work them out　 B. work out them　 C. work them off　 D. work off them
(　 ) 9. A. look for　　　 B. find　　　　　 C. found　　　　 D. looked for
(　 ) 10. A. doing　　　　 B. to do　　　　　 C. done　　　　　 D. do

請大家反思總結(jié)本單元所學重點語法：
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一、單選題
1.— The radio ______ that there will be another heavy rain in Guangdong.
— Too bad. It has rained for the whole week.
A. tells B. talks C. says D. speaks
2.Our teacher often tells us _____ in the river. It’s dangerous.
A. don’t swim B. not swim C. not to swim D. not swimming
3.--- Do you often go to the gym? --- No, ______. I don’t like sports at all.
A. always B. never C. sometimes D. usually
4.— Could I borrow your computer, Bob? — Sorry, I am ______it.
A. taking out B. turning on C. working on
5.The builders are working ______ building a great building although it’s so hot today.
A. on B. to C. as D. out
6.I’ll go to visit my aunt in England ______ the summer holidays start.
A. while B. since C. until D. as soon as
7.—What smells terrible? —Sorry, I’ll ______ my shoes and wash them at once.
A. put away B. take away C. move away D. get away
8.Action movies ___me of Jackie Chan.
A. remind B. think C. hear D. miss
9.I won't watch basketball matches ______ James is playing. He pays much attention to teamwork.
A. unless B. if C. although D. since
二、完形填空
An interesting thing happened to me last Sunday. The weather was so fine that I decided to 21 in the country. On my way home, my car stopped. It ran out of gasoline(汽油). I decided to walk along the road until I found someone who could sell me some gasoline. I had walked a long way before I found a big 22 near the road. I was 23 to see it because it was getting dark. I knocked at the door and an old lady came out. She said, “I’ve been waiting for you for a long time. Come in, please. I got 24 ready for you.” I was very surprised.
“Oh, Tony! You used to love tea.”
I told her my car ran out of gasoline, 25 she didn’t seem to hear me. She was talking so strangely that I wanted to 26. As soon as she went to get the tea, I went out of the house as quickly as possible.
I was so happy when I saw 27 house by the road. When I told the man about the old lady, he said, “Oh, that’s Helen. She lives by 28 in that big house. She’s strange, but she wouldn’t hurt anyone. She is still 29 for the man whom she was going to marry 25 years ago. The man was named Tony. The day before they got married, he went away and 30 came back.”
( )21.A.walk B. drive C. run D. ride
( )22.A.house B. tree C. hospital D. car
( )23.A.sad B. angry C. happy D. surprised
( )24.A.coffee B. milk C. water D. tea
( )25.A.and B. or C. but D. so
( )26.A.stay B. leave C. sit down D. have a rest
( )27.A.others B. the other C. other D. another
( )28.A.themselves B. myself C. herself D. himself
( )29.A.keeping B. talking C. working D. waiting
( )30.A.never B. usually C. often D. sometimes
三、詞匯填空
1. Li Yundi ______________(begin) to play the piano at the age of 4.
2. Let’s continue____________(read) the text.
3. Many students hope to continue ____________ (study) after _______(finish) school.
4. Don’t worry, I’ll remind you_________(get) up early.
5. That’s the girl named/called Lily.= That’s the girl _________ _________ _________ Lily.
6. I like to listen to the song _________(call) Yu Gong Moves a Mountain.
7. We are ___________ about the ____________news. (excite)
8. — Do you agree with him? — No, I ___________ (agree) with him.
9. She wants to finish a job in ____________China. (east)
10.The students are _____________in these _______________books.( interest)