2019新人教高中英語(yǔ)必修一Unit 4 Natural Disasters詞匯句型教案Teaching aims:By the end of the period, students will be able to:1.Master the usage of such important words and expressions as ruin,shock,trap,bury,effort,as if,etc.;learn to express yourself by using them.2.Learn the method of constructing knowledge trees through self-study &cooperative exploration.3.Enjoy the fun of expressing yourself in English and participate in class with passion.Teaching key and difficult points:Help students to learn the following key words and expressions: ruin,shock, trap, bury, effort, as if, etc.Exercises are expected to assist students to express themselves freely in English.How to use the words and phrases in real situations.Teaching procedures:StepⅠSelf-directed studyHave students observe the example sentences in the worksheet and try to figure out the meaning or usage of the underlined words or phrases through the context. Mark the puzzles and refer to the dictionary if necessary.StepⅡPresentation（紅色為學(xué)生填寫(xiě)）1.【教材原句】For several days,the water in the village wells rose and fell,rose and fell.一連幾天,村里的井水升升降降,起起伏伏。【單詞】rise vi.升起 過(guò)去式rose 過(guò)去分詞risen觀察思考The sun rises in the east.太陽(yáng)從東邊升。He raised his hand to answer the question.他舉手要回答問(wèn)題。歸納總結(jié)rise與 raise:rise vi.上升　無(wú)被動(dòng),也可指價(jià)格上漲,水平面上升。raise vt.舉起,撫養(yǎng),籌集區(qū)分兩者的關(guān)鍵是看有沒(méi)有賓語(yǔ),有賓語(yǔ)用raise。 即學(xué)活用選詞填空(rise,raise)(1)Price rises every day in this country. (2)She raised her voice so that she could be heard. (3)Money will be raised to help the poor children. 2.【教材原句】Chickens and even pigs were too nervous to eat,and dogs refused to go inside buildings.雞甚至豬都緊張得不能吃東西,狗也拒絕進(jìn)入建筑物內(nèi)。 【句型】too...to...太……而不能……觀察思考We had intended to take a two-day trip,but we were too busy to afford it.我們本打算去旅游兩天,但是太忙了,抽不出時(shí)間。He is too young to join the army.他年齡太小,不能參軍。歸納總結(jié)在too...to...句型中,too的后面接形容詞或副詞的原級(jí),to的后面接動(dòng)詞原形。 聯(lián)系拓展(1)too后面接happy,ready,easy,glad,willing,surprised,eager等表示情感態(tài)度的詞時(shí),too相當(dāng)于very,意為“非常”。為加強(qiáng)語(yǔ)氣,too 前面可以加上“but,all,just,only,simply”等詞修飾。例如:I’m (just) too glad to help you.我非常樂(lè)意幫助你。(2)與表示否定意義的詞如never,not,can’t等連用時(shí),構(gòu)成雙重否定,表示肯定意義。例如:You can’t be too careful to cross the road.過(guò)馬路時(shí),你越小心越好。即學(xué)活用翻譯句子。(1)這房子太小了,容納不了這么多人。The house is too small to hold so many people.(2)知道這個(gè)真相,我太震驚了。I am too shocked to know the truth.3.【教材原句】It seemed as if the world were coming to an end! 仿佛世界末日即將來(lái)臨!【句型】It seems as if...看上去仿佛……【詞塊】come to an end 結(jié)束觀察思考Hurry up!It looks as if the train is going to move.快點(diǎn)!看起來(lái)火車要開(kāi)了。They completely ignore these facts as if they never existed.他們完全忽略了這些事實(shí),就仿佛它們不存在似的。It was John who broke the window.Why are you talking to me as if I had done it?打破窗戶的是約翰。為什么你說(shuō)得好像是我打破的似的?He opens his mouth as if he would say something.他張開(kāi)嘴好像要說(shuō)些什么。歸納總結(jié)(1)as if (= as though)“仿佛;好像”,可用來(lái)引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句。(2)as if還可引導(dǎo)狀語(yǔ)從句。當(dāng)說(shuō)話人認(rèn)為從句所陳述的是不真實(shí)的或不可能發(fā)生(存在)的情況時(shí),從句謂語(yǔ)常用虛擬語(yǔ)氣。與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用過(guò)去時(shí)(be 動(dòng)詞用were) 與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用過(guò)去完成時(shí)(had done) 與將來(lái)事實(shí)相反從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用would/could/might do 聯(lián)系拓展與end有關(guān)的短語(yǔ):in the end最后at the end of在……盡頭put an end to使……終止ended up with...以……告終即學(xué)活用(1)He treats me as if I were(be) his own daughter. (2)They talked as if/though they had been(be) friends for years. (3)It seems as if the noise comes from downstairs(噪音似乎是從樓下傳來(lái)的). 4.【教材原句】Eleven kilometres directly below the city,one of the most deadly earthquakes of the 20th century had begun,a quake that even caused damage more than 150 kilometres away in Beijing. 在城市正下方的11千米處,20世紀(jì)傷亡最嚴(yán)重之一的一場(chǎng)地震爆發(fā)了,遠(yuǎn)在150多千米以外的北京都遭受了這場(chǎng)地震的破壞。【句型】...a quake that...中that引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句,指代先行詞a quake,在從句中作主語(yǔ) 。 【詞塊】one of the most deadly earthquakes 最嚴(yán)重的一場(chǎng)地震之一【單詞】damage n.損害,損失觀察思考China is one of the largest countries in the world.中國(guó)是世界上最大的國(guó)家之一。Lion King is one of the most popular cartoons around the world.《獅子王》是全球最受歡迎的卡通片之一。歸納總結(jié)“one of +形容詞最高級(jí)+名詞復(fù)數(shù)”表示“最……之一”。 即學(xué)活用戴口罩是預(yù)防感染的最有效的方法之一。Wearing a mask is one of the most effective ways to protect yourself from getting infected.5.【教材原句】In less than one minute,a large city lay in ruins. 在不到一分鐘的時(shí)間里,一座大城市淪為廢墟。【詞塊】lie in ruins淪為廢墟【單詞】ruin n.廢墟;遺跡(常用復(fù)數(shù)) vt.毀壞觀察思考We visited the ruins of a Norman castle.我們參觀了一座諾曼式城堡的遺跡。A telephone call ruined his day.一個(gè)電話破壞了他一天的好心情。Their plan came to ruins.他們的計(jì)劃落空了。歸納總結(jié)come to ruins 毀滅聯(lián)系拓展ruin one’s hope使某人的希望破滅ruin one’s health損害某人的健康ruin oneself自我毀滅辨析:ruin,destroy,damageruin一般是指對(duì)物體或生命的徹底破壞,也常指對(duì)美好的或希望中的事物的破壞。destroy表示徹底摧毀,使之無(wú)法復(fù)原,也表示粉碎希望或計(jì)劃。名詞形式為destruction。damage指對(duì)物體或生命的局部損傷,造成降低價(jià)值、破壞功能等后果。do/cause damage to...對(duì)……造成損害。即學(xué)活用(ruin,destroy,damage)(1)The works of art were destroyed in the earthquake. (2)His hands were damaged because of long exposure in the cold. (3)You will ruin the chance of the job if you wear that shirt to the interview. 6.【教材原句】The number of people who were killed or badly injured in the quake was more than 400,000. 在地震中喪生或重傷的人數(shù)超過(guò)40萬(wàn)。【句型】who引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句,指代先行詞people。 【詞塊】the number of...……的數(shù)目;be badly injured受傷嚴(yán)重觀察思考The number of college graduates in a country reflects its cultural standard.一個(gè)國(guó)家大學(xué)畢業(yè)生的數(shù)量反映出這個(gè)國(guó)家的文化水平。A great number of new factories have been set up in my hometown.我的家鄉(xiāng)建立了許多新工廠。歸納總結(jié)a number of很多;許多 在number之前可加large,small,great,good等表示程度的詞;只修飾可數(shù)名詞,作主語(yǔ)時(shí)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式 the number of……的數(shù)目修飾可數(shù)名詞,作主語(yǔ)時(shí)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式  即學(xué)活用Ⅰ.選詞填空(a number of,the number of)(1)A number of students were absent from the meeting. (2)As a consequence,the number of polar bears is becoming smaller and smaller. Ⅱ.用所給詞的正確形式填空(3)The number of undergraduates has increased(increase) over the years. (4)A good number of books in the market are(be) still examination-oriented (以考試為中心的). 7.【教材原句】People were in shock—and then,later that afternoon,another big quake shook Tangshan again. 人們都很震驚,然后那天下午晚些時(shí)候,唐山又發(fā)生了一次大地震。【詞塊】in shock震驚觀察思考The news of his sudden death is so shocking that everyone is shocked at it very much.他突然死亡的消息如此令人吃驚,以至于每個(gè)人聽(tīng)到時(shí)都感到很震驚。I was shocked to hear that our factory would have to be forced to close.聽(tīng)說(shuō)我們的工廠將被迫關(guān)閉,我非常震驚。歸納總結(jié)(1)be shocked at對(duì)……吃驚(2)be shocked to do sth.做某事很吃驚(3)shocked adj.“感到震驚的”,表示人的心理狀態(tài)和心理感受(4)shocking adj.“令人震驚的”,說(shuō)明事物的性質(zhì)、特征、特點(diǎn)等即學(xué)活用完成下面小語(yǔ)段。People (1)were shocked that the UFO was flying over the city.The (2)shocking news (3)shocked all the people around,which was also a great shock to people all over the country.人們十分吃驚地發(fā)現(xiàn)不明飛行物正在這座城市的上空飛行。這個(gè)讓人震驚的消息震驚了周圍的人們,也震驚了全國(guó)各地的人們。 8.【教材原句】Soon after the quakes,the army sent 150,000 soldiers to Tangshan to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead.地震發(fā)生后不久,部隊(duì)派出了15萬(wàn)名士兵奔赴唐山將受困群眾從廢墟中搶救出來(lái),并掩埋死者。【單詞】trap vt.使落入險(xiǎn)境;使陷入圈套 n.險(xiǎn)境;陷阱bury vt.埋葬,安葬觀察思考When travelling they were trapped in the mountain,waiting to be rescued.旅行時(shí),他們被困在了山里,等待救援。We trapped him into telling the truth.我們?cè)O(shè)圈套使他講出實(shí)情。If you choose this way,you’re likely to fall into a trap.如果你選擇這條路,你很有可能會(huì)落入圈套。She buried her face in her hands and wept.她掩面而泣。Since his wife left,he’s burying himself in his work.自從妻子離開(kāi)以后,他一直埋頭于工作。Buried in his study,he didn’t know that all the others had left.他埋頭學(xué)習(xí),不知道其他人都早已離開(kāi)了。歸納總結(jié)(1)be trapped in困在……中;陷在……中trap sb.into (doing) sth.誘使某人做某事fall into a trap落入圈套/陷阱(2)bury...in...把……埋到……里(3)be buried in.../bury oneself in...埋頭于;專心于;沉浸于即學(xué)活用Ⅰ.完成句子(1)They have been trapped(被困) here for three days. (2)That big boy always traps other children into doing things(哄騙其他孩子做事) for him. Ⅱ.一句多譯他專心致志地學(xué)習(xí)。(3)He buries/buried himself in his study.(bury oneself) (4)He is/was buried in his study.(be buried in) 由于埋頭讀書(shū),他不知道外面下雨了。(5)Burying himself in the book,he didn’t know it was raining outside.(使用現(xiàn)在分詞burying作狀語(yǔ)) (6)Buried in the book,he didn’t know it was raining outside.(使用過(guò)去分詞buried作狀語(yǔ)) 9.【教材原句】Slowly,the city began to breathe again.慢慢地,這座城市又開(kāi)始恢復(fù)了生機(jī)。【單詞】breathe v.呼吸　breath n.呼吸觀察思考He held his breath at the thrilling story.他聽(tīng)著驚險(xiǎn)故事屏住了呼吸。By the time I got to the top of the hill,I was quite out of breath.等我爬到山頂?shù)臅r(shí)候,已經(jīng)是上氣不接下氣了。Her lips parted as if she were about to take a deep breath.她張開(kāi)嘴,好像要深呼吸。The story is full of surprises which cause the reader to catch his breath.這個(gè)故事充滿了驚險(xiǎn)情節(jié),使讀者緊張得透不過(guò)氣來(lái)。歸納總結(jié)(1)hold one’s breath屏住呼吸(2)out of breath 氣喘吁吁,上氣不接下氣(3)take a deep breath=breathe deeply深呼吸(4)catch one’s breath喘口氣即學(xué)活用翻譯句子(1)空氣非常寒冷,我們難以呼吸。The air was so cold,and we could hardly breathe.(2)宣讀結(jié)果時(shí),他屏住了呼吸。He held his breath while the results were read out.(3)僅僅五分鐘之后我們便氣喘吁吁了。We were out of breath after only five minutes.10.【教材原句】With strong support from the government and the tireless efforts of the city’s people,a new Tangshan was built upon the earthquake ruins. 在政府的大力支持和唐山人民的不懈努力下,一座新的唐山在廢墟中建立起來(lái)。【單詞】effort n.努力觀察思考He is making an effort to catch up with others in study.他在學(xué)習(xí)上正在努力趕上別人。Let’s start right now and spare no effort to do a little bit every day,every hour,and every minute!讓我們馬上開(kāi)始,不遺余力地每天每時(shí)每分做一點(diǎn)!She took a deep breath and sat up slowly with great effort.她深吸一口氣,費(fèi)力地慢慢坐起身來(lái)。It will take a lot of time and efforts to master a foreign language.掌握一門外語(yǔ)要花很多時(shí)間和精力。歸納總結(jié)(1)make an effort to do sth.努力做某事(2)spare no effort to do sth.不遺余力地做某事(3)with great effort 努力(4)It takes effort to do sth.做某事需要努力聯(lián)系拓展effortless adj.不需要費(fèi)力的;effortlessly adv.不需要費(fèi)力地即學(xué)活用翻譯句子(1)The local clubs are making an effort to interest more young people.地方俱樂(lè)部正在努力吸引更多的年輕人。(2)她好不容易才忍住了笑。 With great effort she managed to stop herself laughing.StepⅢ Practice:（學(xué)生作答）Ⅰ.用所給單詞的正確形式填空1.A number of people　　　　　(be) learning English nowadays,and the number of people who are learning English　　　　　(be) increasing. 2.Yao Ming is one of the most popular sports　　　　　(star) in China. 3.A great number of　　　　　(survive) managed to get into the shelters. 4.She is too poor　　　　　 go to college. 5.He 　　　　　(raise) in a village where he spent his childhood.Ⅱ.選短語(yǔ)填空do damage to;(be) shocked at;(be) buried in;in ruinsmake an effort;as if;suffer from;rescue...from1.This country was once proud of its education system.Now it seems to be　　　　　. 2.It is obvious that humans　　　　　 the nature over years. 3.　　　　　the news,she couldn’t imagine what had just happened. 4.　　　　　 the novel,I didn’t notice the teacher’s coming. 5.Firefighters　　　　　 a child 　　　　　a burning building yesterday evening. 6.It seemed 　　　　　　　　　　　the building were going down! 7.So I 　　　　　　　　　　　　to be on time when I met my friends. 8.Some were found alive,though they were 　　　　　　terrible injuries. Ⅲ.翻譯句子1.The company has laid off 150 workers in an effort to save money.2.When we feel angry,we bury the emotion and feel guilty instead.3.好像她已經(jīng)永遠(yuǎn)地離開(kāi)了。4.我們此刻被困在大雪中。5.做深呼吸對(duì)身體有益。(breathe)6.地震給這所房子造成了嚴(yán)重的損壞。(cause damage to sb./sth.)7.寫(xiě)這篇文章的時(shí)候,我依然心有余悸。(in shock)8.有些工人被困在廢墟中。(be trapped in...Suggested answers:Ⅰ.1.are;is　2.stars 3.survivors　4.to　5.was raisedⅡ.1.in ruins　2.have done damage to　3.Shocked at4.Buried in 5.rescued ;from　6.as if  7.made an effort　8.suffering fromⅢ.1.公司為節(jié)省資金遣散了150名工人。2.當(dāng)我們感到憤怒時(shí),壓抑這種情緒反而會(huì)覺(jué)得內(nèi)疚。3.It seemed as if she’d been gone forever.4.We are trapped in the heavy snow at the moment.5.It’s good for the body to breathe deeply.6.The earthquake caused serious damage to the house.7.I was still in shock when I wrote this article.8.Some of the workers were trapped in the ruins.   

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