
學(xué)好時(shí)態(tài),讓人不再misunderstand yu.
確定以下句型的時(shí)態(tài),并與以下描述進(jìn)行匹配。
a. Grandfather and Father, seated at the table, are playing chess.b. Lawyers help peple and are respected by thers.c. said that yu wanted t be a prfessinal ftball player.d. have fund the career that suits yur talents.e. will have tw ptins fr yur future.
Descriptins:
1. Smething that started in the past and is affecting the present.2. Smething that is currently taking place.3. Smething that is certain t take place in the future.4. Smething that was cmpleted in the past.5. Smething that happens regularly in the present.
請(qǐng)將時(shí)態(tài)與正確的時(shí)間軸配對(duì)。
如何準(zhǔn)確使用英語時(shí)態(tài)?
“時(shí)”就是這個(gè)動(dòng)作發(fā)生的“時(shí)間”;
“態(tài)”就是這個(gè)動(dòng)作在某個(gè)時(shí)刻的“狀態(tài)”。
現(xiàn)在(present)
一般狀態(tài)進(jìn)行狀態(tài)完成狀態(tài)
時(shí)態(tài)只與 有關(guān)
主語+am/is are+表語
主語+動(dòng)詞原形/動(dòng)詞三單
always, usually, ften,every day(week, mnth, year)nce a week(day, year, mnth) n Sundays等。
(1)表示經(jīng)常性、習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)
I leave hme fr schl at 7 ’clck every mrning. 我每天早晨七點(diǎn)鐘離開家去學(xué)校。
He ften reads bks in his spare time. 業(yè)余時(shí)間他經(jīng)??磿?br/>(2)表示客觀存在或普遍真理
Pride ges befre a fall. 驕者必?cái) ?br/>The sun rises early and sets late in summer. 太陽(yáng)在夏季升得早、落得晚。
(3)在條件狀語從句中代替一般將來時(shí)。從句一般由 if, as lng as等引導(dǎo)。
1. If he cmes, I will tell him abut the matter.
2. As lng as it desn't rain tmrrw, we will g n a trip n schedule.
主將從現(xiàn)主句用一般將來時(shí),從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。
語法填空(1)He always ______ (sleep) with the windws pen. (2)(2020·全國(guó)Ⅱ卷)This is why decrating with plants, fruits and flwers ______ (carry) special significance. (3)I learned that the earth ____ (g) arund the sun when I was in primary schl. (4)They will cme if he ______ (invite)them.
主語+was/were+表語
主語+實(shí)義動(dòng)詞的過去式
ag, yesterdaythe day befre yesterdaylast week/year/mnthin 1989just nwnce upn a time等。
不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的過去式hldwritefallgivebeginbreakbringbuychse
held wrte fell gave began brke brught bughtchse
(1)表示過去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)
The unmanned Chang’e-4 prbe (探測(cè)器) — the name was inspired by an ancient Chinese mn gddess — tuched dwn last week in the Suth Ple-Aitken basin. 無人駕駛的嫦娥四號(hào)探測(cè)器——這個(gè)名字的靈感來源于一個(gè)中國(guó)古代的月亮女神——上周在南極艾特肯盆地著陸。
(2)表示過去經(jīng)?;蚍磸?fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作
He ften went t the library with his dad when he was yung. 他小時(shí)候經(jīng)常和爸爸一起去圖書館。
(1)(2020·新高考全國(guó)Ⅰ卷)The 80, 000 bjects cllected by Sir Hans Slane, fr example, _______ (frm) the cre (主要的) cllectin f the British Museum which pened in 1759. (2)(2019·全國(guó)卷Ⅱ)And the ther was that I _______ (want)t help peple in need. (3)(2019·全國(guó)卷Ⅲ)Our hsts shared many f their experiences and _____________ (recmmend) wnderful places t eat.
1. will/shall +d 2. be ging t+d 3. be abut t d sth.
next time (day/ week/ mnth/ year)the day after tmrrwin the future等。
表示將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)
They will prbably g t Shanghai fr their hliday. 他們可能要去上海度假。
be abut t d... 指最近的將來,表示動(dòng)作馬上就要發(fā)生
be ging t d
The gvernment is ging t cut the budgets.
①表示先有準(zhǔn)備、有計(jì)劃或有打算做某事
②預(yù)計(jì)要發(fā)生或不可避免要發(fā)生的事
It’s ging t rain tmrrw.
Dn’t g, we are but t have dinner.別走,我們馬上就吃晚飯了。
(1)We __________________(leave) fr Lndn next Mnday. ?(2)I am afraid there _______________(be) a meeting this afternn. I can’t jin yu. ?(3)If yu ask him, he ____________(help)yu. ?(4)I feel terrible. I think ____________________. ?我感覺很難受。我想我要生病了。
will/ shall leave
I am ging t be ill
be (am/is/are) +ding
nw, right nwat this time, at the mment, at presentthese dayslk, listen
(1)此刻正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。
We are waiting fr yu at the mment.我們現(xiàn)在正在等你。
We are making mdel planes these days.我們這段時(shí)間正在做飛機(jī)模型。
We are ging t have the graduatin ceremny next Friday.我們下周五要舉辦畢業(yè)典禮。
(2)當(dāng)前一段時(shí)間正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。
(3)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表將來。
(1)Lk! They __________________(play) ftball. ?(2)Mther ______________ (clean)the kitchen nw. ?(3)Mr Smith ____________ (leave) fr Nanjing tnight.
are playing
is cleaning
is leaving
has/have + dnehas/have+ nt +dne
already(肯定句), yet(否定句、疑問句)ever(肯定句、疑問句,曾經(jīng)),never(否定句,從來沒有)just(剛剛),befre(句末,以前), s far, in the last. . . years since+時(shí)間點(diǎn), fr+時(shí)間段等。
不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的過去式和過去分詞hldwritefallgivebeginbreakbringbuychse
held heldwrte writtenfell fallengave givenbegan begunbrke brkenbrught brughtbught bughtchse chsen
(1)表示過去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果, 常與already, yet, never, befre, s far, up t nw等連用。
Have yu heard frm yur brther recently? 你最近收到你兄弟的來信了嗎?
I am t full, I’ve already eaten tw sandwiches and a burger.我太撐了,已經(jīng)吃了2個(gè)三明治和1個(gè)漢堡了。
He has never watched this film.他從來都沒看過這部電影。
(2)表示過去已經(jīng)開始, 持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。這時(shí)往往與表示一段時(shí)間的狀語連用。如 lately, recently, these days, in the past few days, since, since tw days ag, fr a lng time等。謂語動(dòng)詞必須是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞
We have learned English fr eight years. 我們學(xué)英語八年了。
He has lived in Lndn since three years ag. 自從三年前他就住在倫敦。
(3)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)中,瞬間動(dòng)詞不能跟時(shí)間段。
I have bught this bk fr tw weeks.
I have had this bk fr tw weeks.
而是要將瞬間動(dòng)詞轉(zhuǎn)化為延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。
(4)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)中,瞬間動(dòng)詞只能在否定句中跟時(shí)間段。
She hasn't heard frm her sister fr tw weeks.
hear frm是“收到…的來信”的意思,是短暫性動(dòng)詞短語,但其否定形式時(shí)則表示一種的狀態(tài),沒有收到信的狀態(tài),因此可以跟表示一段時(shí)間的狀語連用。
瞬間動(dòng)詞與持續(xù)動(dòng)詞的轉(zhuǎn)換
一般過去時(shí)與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的區(qū)別
(1)I’m srry. I _________________(frget) yur name. ?(2)He _____________(teach) in this schl fr 20 years. ?(3)I dn’t see any reasn t give up wrk. I lve cming here and seeing my family and all the friends I ______________(make) ver the years. ?(4)(2018·北京高考)China’s high-speed railways ______________(grw) frm 9, 000 t 25, 000 kilmeters in the past few years. ?
have frgtten
Dad: Adam, Sally, cme here. Mum _____________(have)smething t tell yu.Adam: Cming!Sally: Cming!Mum: I ______________ (call) Grandma yesterday and invited her t ur huse this Sunday.We ______________________(thrw) her a big birthday party! S, we each need t chse a present.Adam:I knw- I________________________(give) her a new tea set.She____________(like) drinking tea!
will thrw/ are ging t
will give / am ging t
Mum: Gd chice. What abut yu, Sally?Sally: I ______________________(think f) making a scarf fr her.Mum: Gd idea. I'm sure Grandma________________(lve)it. Oh, ______________yu______________(finish) the guest list yet, dear?Dad: Yes, I have, and I'm wrking n the invitatins.Mum: OK.S we still need t prepare fd and drinks. I'll make a checklist.
am thinking f
will/ is ging t
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