?福建省莆田第十五中學2022-2023學年高一下學期期中測試英語試題
學校:___________姓名：___________班級：___________考號：___________

一、閱讀理解
Artificial intelligence (AI) is practically everywhere today. There are so many products out there which use Al. Some are being developed, some are already in use, and some failed and are being improved so it’s very difficult to name a few of them and regard them as the best.
Vi Personal Trainer
It tracks your daily activities, understands your workout routines (常規(guī)) and coaches you to achieve your fitness goals. The AI human voice living inside its bio-sensing headphones is one of the best conversational voice assistants (助手) and is super easy to talk to. You can also enjoy your favorite music while you work out or talk on the phone without having to press a button.
Deep Text
Do you ever wonder how an ad appears suddenly just when you are looking for something similar? This is because of Deep Text. It uses real-time consumer (消費者) information to produce data which in turn is used to target consumers. Thus, if you search online for flight tickets from Bangalore to Delhi, it is very likely that an ad relating to hotels in Delhi will soon follow.
Hello Egg
If you live alone and miss your mother because you always miss your breakfast or don’t know what to eat for dinner, then Hello Egg is exactly what you are looking for. A very healthy choice of the 2-minute noodles and oats, Hello Egg provides you with a detailed weekly meal plan about the needs of your body. It is truly a modern AI-powered home cooking tool for the young.
Wordsmith
You can put Mr. Smith into your Microsoft Excel using their free API, and let it write up detailed analysis (分析) of the stories behind your numbers. It can produce detailed reports on thousands of pages of spreadsheets in seconds.
1．What can we learn about Vi Personal Trainer?
A．It has a phone button. B．It is an AI music player.
C．It functions as a fitness lest tool. D．It helps improve exercise results.
2．What can Wordsmith do for us?
A．Collect numbers. B．Produce a report.
C．Write the stories. D．Update Microsoft Excel.
3．Which favors people in need of healthy diets?
A．Vi Personal Trainer. B．Deep Text. C．Hello Egg D．Wordsmith.

Wherever we go, we are surrounded by history. Across the globe, cultural heritage is passed down through the generations. It is in the buildings and structures around us. It is in the arts and artifacts (手工藝品) we treasure. It lives in the languages we speak and the stories we tell. But today, it is under attack as never before. Not only are the damages of time threatening our cultural heritage, but climate change, globalization and tourism are all exacting a heavy price. Technology is now the most important weapon in the battle. Here’s how technology is preserving our cultural heritage.
As you can imagine, creating the replicas (復制品) by 2D images is extremely time-consuming. Increasingly, artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms (算法) allow millions of images to be stored in a matter of hours. AI will also make restoration and preservation of existing cultural heritage far easier and better than previous methods.
Virtual reality (VR) technology will play a leading role in preserving our cultural heritage in the coming years. Many of the most important sites and architecture are easily damaged. Human interaction with these locations is doing a great deal of harm. Wastes pile up everywhere, causing serious problems. As more cultural heritage sites and objects are digitally mapped and recorded, VR technology will increasingly become the way that people experience them. We’ll all finally be able to walk through places, look at (and touch) artifacts and works of art without ever seeing them with our own eyes.
Finally, our cultural heritage will be preserved by technology. Efforts in research, data sharing and project work will help promote and preserve the cultural heritage of countries all across the world.
4．What does the underlined word “exacting” in paragraph 1 mean?
A．demanding B．cutting C．receiving D．paying
5．What is the advantage of AI in preserving cultural heritage?
A．It makes preservation safer. B．It produces 2D images.
C．It makes restoration easier. D．It creates replicas in seconds.
6．How does VR help to preserve cultural heritage?
A．By reducing human impact on the site.
B．By recycling huge amounts of waste.
C．By forbidding visitors from touching artifacts.
D．By educating people about the sites’ importance.
7．What is the author’s attitude towards AI in cultural protection?
A．Ignoring. B．Supportive. C．Objective. D．Disagreeing.

Birds that dive underwater — such as penguins, gannets and pelicans — may be more likely to go extinct than their nondiving relatives, a new study reported in Proceedings of the Royal Society finds.
Many waterbirds have evolved highly specialized bodies and behaviors that facilitate diving. Now, an analysis of the evolutionary history of more than 700 waterbird species shows that once a bird group gains the ability to dive, the change is irreversible, which could help explain why diving birds have a higher extinction rate compared with nondiving birds.
“There are considerable morphological(形態(tài)學的) adaptations for diving.” says Catherine Sheard, an evolutionary biologist at the University of Bristol in England. For instance, gannets and some pelicans that dive into the water from the air have twists to the neck muscles and the bones in the chest. It’s possible that some diving birds are evolving under an evolutionary “ratchet,” where adaptations to use a certain food source or habitat encourage specialized evolution. These birds may become trapped in their ways, increasing their risk of extinction.
Evolutionary biologists Josh Tyler and Jane Younger investigated the evolution of diving in a collection of 727 waterbird species across 11 bird groups. They explored the link between diving and the development of new species, or their extinction, in various bird lineages(家族). Among 236 diving bird species, 75, or 32 percent, were part of lineages that are experiencing 0.02 more species extinctions per million years than the generation of new species. Bird lineages that don't dive, on the other hand, generated 0.1more new species per million years than the rate of species dying out.
“The more specialized you become, the more reliant you are on a particular diet, foraging(覓食) strategy or environment.” says Tyler. “The range of environments available for foraging is much larger for the nondiving birds than for the specialist divers, and this may play into their ability to adapt and thrive.”
8．What does the underlined word “irreversible” in paragraph 2 probably mean?
A．Unexpected. B．Unchangeable. C．Unreal. D．Unwelcome.
9．Why are “gannets and pelicans” mentioned in Paragraph 3?
A．To present a fact. B．To illustrate a concept.
C．To give a definition. D．To explain a phenomenon.
10．What do we know about Josh Tyler and Jane Younger’s study?
A．Biologists got the results by comparison.
B．Data were collected by observing waterbirds.
C．32 diving bird species went extinct during the process.
D．The aim is to build connection between diving and nondiving birds.
11．Which of the following factors plays a role in nondiving birds’ lower extinction rate?
A．Wider habitat range. B．Quicker foraging speed.
C．More food options. D．Stronger reproduction ability.


二、七選五
On April 20, people around the world celebrated the United Nations Chinese Language Day. To mark the occasion, the UN Office organized the first Chinese Language Video Festival.
People from 27 countries took part in the one-hour special event. 12 Over 340 videos told touching stories about a civilized, modern and youthful China through their personal experiences in the country.
Though some people find the language difficult to learn, most find it’s worth it. Learning Chinese gave them a better understanding of the culture. “ 13 If you know this language, you know the culture and mind of the people.”
14 Tones are important because a lot of Chinese characters sound similar or even the same. And the tone changes their meaning. It’s the variety that sets Chinese apart from others.
To remember Chinese characters, you can connect them with pictures and make some short stories, 15 For example, the Chinese character for “tea” has some lines of grass, the roof of a house and people drinking tea.
Learning any language comes with benefits, particularly for those who are always looking to learn more. There are some languages that have “l(fā)oan-words” from Chinese. 16
A．Learning Chinese is not just learning a language.
B．Language is the bridge that connects people everywhere.
C．There is no doubt that Chinese characters are beautiful.
D．Some people find imagination important when learning Chinese.
E．So it may be easier for one to pick them up after studying Chinese.
F．They share their love for the Chinese language and culture through short videos.
G．The language itself is unique, especially considering its pronunciation features.


三、完形填空
One of the most popular forms of modern music is country music, which was developed from the folk music of the rural southern U.S.A and was first known as hillbilly (鄉(xiāng)巴佬) music.
Country music 17 in the early 1920s in the more than ninety years of country music 18 , its sound and style have changed 19 . In its early years, bars throughout Oklahoma and Texas were filled with country music 20 every Friday and Saturday evening. They 21 listening to the special sound of guitars and drums. In 1933, the prohibition of alcohol (禁酒) (1920 — 1933) made those bars even more 22 . People could enjoy their favorite music and alcohol at the same time.
Another 23 of country music was based on the music of cowboys in the American West, which was 24 to the American public 25 “singing cowboy” films of the 1930s and 1940s. Theatres 26 fans of cowboy films which 27 made cowboy songs popular.
Country music 28 once again in the 1950s with a sound that became known as rockabilly — a 29 of the southern hillbilly music and the blues. During the 1960s, the Nashville sound brought country music to a 30 audience.
Today, country music has 31 all parts of the United States, with singers not only from the US, but also from the whole world.
17．A．started B．returned C．continued D．disappeared
18．A．hall B．box C．history D．scene
19．A．fully B．slowly C．seriously D．greatly
20．A．fans B．teachers C．lessons D．videos
21．A．minded B．hated C．considered D．enjoyed
22．A．generous B．frustrating C．ordinary D．popular
23．A．function B．effect C．form D．image
24．A．played B．brought C．outlined D．compared
25．A．through B．in C．with D．without
26．A．belonged to B．were filled with C．served as D．were fed up with
27．A．at first B．by mistake C．in advance D．in turn
28．A．worked B．spread C．changed D．disappeared
29．A．mix B．map C．collection D．celebration
30．A．smarter B．better C．bigger D．smaller
31．A．divided B．reached C．comforted D．destroyed


四、用單詞的適當形式完成短文
閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當?shù)膬热荩?個單詞）或括號內單詞的正確形式。
Sarah and Janet have been friends ever since they 32 (start) school. They do everything together: study, read, watch TV, surf the Internet, play sports and listen to music. Anyone 33 has a problem can ask the other 34 help. When Sarah was in the third grade, some of the other students made fun of her 35 she was shy. Janet told the other students to stop 36 (make) fun of Sarah, and she helped Sarah overcome her shyness. In the 37 (five) grade, Janet had 38 (difficult) in doing her maths exercises. She studied hard, 39 she just couldn’t understand the homework. Sarah helped Janet with her homework and 40 (patient) explained every exercise to Janet. After six months, Jane did much better and even got 41 “A” in the maths exam.


五、完成句子
42．新舊更替的時代已經到來，在走向未來的過程中，我們不可能將過去的一切都保存下來。
There comes a time when the old must ________ the new, and it is not possible to preserve everything from our past as we move towards the future.
43．這些國家不僅找到了一條不以犧牲古跡為代價的未來發(fā)展之路，而且明白了多個國家合作創(chuàng)造美好未來的可能性。
Not only had the countries found a path to the future that did not ________ the relics of the past, but they had also learnt that it was possible for countries to work together to build a better tomorrow.
44．放眼平原，我們隱約看到一群體形優(yōu)美的動物。
On the plain, in front of us, we can just ________________a herd of graceful animals.
45．網(wǎng)絡惡霸使用互聯(lián)網(wǎng)來欺負別人。
A cyberbully uses the Internet to be ________ to others.
46．50歲時，她發(fā)覺自己失業(yè)了，困在家里，只有電腦相伴。
At age 50, she found herself out of work and stuck at home with only her computer to ________ ________ ________.
47．It spoke words of encouragement to the deepest part of my ________.
它（使）我的內心深受鼓舞。
48．總共有來自80個國家的2292名青年參與者演唱惠塔克的歌曲《假如》。
________, 2,292 young people from 80 countries joined in to sing Whitacre’s song “What If”.
49．他被這段音樂打動了，他說：“那種（興奮）感覺就如同第一次看見色彩一樣。”
______by this music, he said, “It was like seeing color for the first time.”
50．“綠寶石（愛爾蘭）島”風光寧靜秀美，郡縣草木蔥蘢，青山連綿起伏，牛羊點綴其中，堪稱一場名副其實的視覺盛宴。
The peaceful landscape of the “Emerald Isle” and its many green counties is a true feast for the eyes, with its rolling green hills ________ sheep and cattle.
51．她認為，消除數(shù)字鴻溝、確保每人都能使用互聯(lián)網(wǎng)并且知曉如何運用新技術，是非常重要的。
She believes that it is highly important to ________ the digital divide and make sure that everyone has access to the Internet and knows how to use new technology.
52．他1995年大學畢業(yè)，隨后于1997年獲紐約茱莉亞音樂學院音樂創(chuàng)作碩士學位。
He graduated from university in 1995, and then received a master’s degree in musical ________ from the Julliard School in New York in 1997.
53．像擁有同樣的貨幣和國防一樣，他們也使用同一面被稱為聯(lián)合杰克的國旗。
They use the same flag, known as the Union Jack, as well as share the same currency and ________.
54．她意識到互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的最大好處之一就是能夠消除通常存在于人和人之間的距離感。
She realised that one of the greatest benefits of the Internet was its ability to ________ that usually exists between people.
55．這些科學家和研究者在網(wǎng)絡上分享了大量（有關莫高窟的）電子照片，希望在世界范圍內促使人們對中國古代歷史和文化習俗產生更廣泛的興趣。
By sharing so many digital photos over the Internet, the group hopes to promote even wider interest around the world in China’s ________, culture, and traditions.
56．大量工作正在進行中來保護野生動物。
Much ________ to protect wildlife.
57．只有學會和大自然和諧共處，我們才不會成為野生生物和地球的威脅。
Only when we learn to exist ______ ______ ______ nature can we stop being a threat to wildlife and to our planet.
58．她受到網(wǎng)友的啟發(fā)，決定成立一個IT俱樂部來教年長一些的人們學習使用電腦和互聯(lián)網(wǎng)。
She was so ________ the people she met online that she decided to start an IT club to teach older people how to use computers and the Internet.
59．惠塔克的第二個壯舉是打造聯(lián)合國兒童基金會“虛擬青年合唱團”，該團于2014年7月23日在英國首次登臺演出。
Whitacre’s ________ was the Virtual Youth Choir for UNICEF, which was first seen on stage on 23 July 2014 in the UK.
60．非常榮幸來到這里與大家分享音樂是如何影響了我的人生的。
It’s an honour to be here and to share with you the story of how music has had ______ ______ ______ my life.
61．然而，政府并沒有打算停止這些保護項目，因為對藏羚羊的威脅依然存在。
The government, however, does not ______ ______ stop the protection programmes, since the threats to the Tibetan antelope have not yet disappeared.

六、開放性作文
62．最近，你班將舉行以How to live a healthy lifestyle 為主題的英語班會，請你準備一篇100詞左右的演講稿，談談在日常生活中我們應該如何養(yǎng)成健康的生活方式。
注意：開頭和結尾已給出，不計入總詞數(shù)。
Dear fellow students, _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
That’s all. Thank you!

七、讀后續(xù)寫
63．閱讀下面材料, 根據(jù)其內容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段, 使之構成一篇完整的短文。
Several years ago I had given some cash to a girl I met by chance because she needed some work done to her car. About a month later she sent me a card thanking me for helping out and repaid me, which I had never expected from her. The $ 200 she gave me was nice to have, but honestly was not needed.
About a week after I had been given this cash, I ate out. Then I noticed a homeless man sitting at a table next to me. He was taking shelter from the terrible weather we were having at the time, but was warned by the waitress that he couldn’t be there if he didn’t order anything. He asked how much a cup of coffee was, counted the few dollars he had in his pocket, and unwillingly ordered coffee so that he could stay inside.
Hearing all of this, I thought of the $ 200 cash and felt this could be someone I could help. I went up to sit beside him and told him that if he felt comfortable accepting my offer, I would buy him whatever food on the menu he wanted. He refused because he didn’t want to trouble me and put me out of money.
注意：
1. 續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應為150左右；
2. 請按如下格式在答題卡的相應位置作答。
I strongly suggested he accept my offer.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
When I stood up to leave, he thanked me for the meal and the conversation.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

參考答案：
1．D 2．B 3．C

【導語】本文是一篇應用文。主要介紹了幾款人工智能產品。
1．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Vi Personal Trainer部分中的“It tracks your daily activities, understands your workout routines(常規(guī)) and coaches you to achieve your fitness goals(它跟蹤你的日?；顒?，了解你的鍛煉計劃，并指導你實現(xiàn)你的健身目標)”可知，Vi Personal Trainer可以用來幫助人們鍛煉，提高鍛煉效果。故選D。
2．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Wordsmith 部分中的“It can produce detailed reports on thousands of pages of spreadsheets in seconds(它可以在幾秒鐘內生成數(shù)千頁電子表格的詳細報告)”可知，Wordsmith 能產生一份詳細的分析報告。故選B。
3．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Hello Egg部分中的“Hello Egg provides you with a detailed weekly meal plan about the needs of your body. (Hello Egg為您提供關于您身體需求的詳細每周飲食計劃)”可知，Hello Egg可以給你提供詳細的關于需要吃什么的周計劃。故選C。
4．A 5．C 6．A 7．B

【導語】本文為一篇說明文。因為時間、氣候變化、全球化和旅游業(yè)，歷史文化遺產正在遭受著前所未有的破壞，文章主要介紹現(xiàn)代技術（AI和VR）在文化遺產的保護方面的應用。
4．詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第一段第一句“Wherever we go, we are surrounded by history. (無論我們走到哪里，我們都被歷史包圍著。)”，以及劃線詞所在句“But today, it is under attack as never before. Not only are the damages of time threatening our cultural heritage, but climate change, globalization and tourism are all exacting a heavy price. (但今天，（遺址）受到了前所未有的攻擊。不僅時間的破壞正在威脅著我們的文化遺產，而且氣候變化、全球化和旅游業(yè)都在exacting沉重的代價。)”，根據(jù)連詞“Not only ...,but...”可知，此處闡述歷史文化遺產被破壞，歷史遺產正在遭受來自歲月的威脅，而且全球變暖、經濟全球化、旅游業(yè)也正壓榨文化遺產，向文化遺產中索要巨大的代價。此處考查動詞短語exact sth (from...)，exacting為“要求……付出……”，故劃線詞與demanding同義。故選A項。
5． 細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句“AI will also make restoration and preservation of existing cultural heritage far easier and vastly superior to previous methods. (人工智能還將使現(xiàn)有文化遺產的修復和保護比以往的方法更容易和更勝一籌。)”可知，人工智能使現(xiàn)有文化遺產的修復變得更容易，修復得更好。故選C項。
6．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“As more cultural heritage sites and objects are digitally mapped and recorded, VR technology will increasingly become the way that people experience them. We'll all eventually be able to walk through places, look at (and touch!) artifacts and works of art without ever seeing them with our own eyes. (隨著越來越多的文化遺產和文物被數(shù)字化測繪和記錄，VR技術將越來越多地成為人們體驗它們的方式。我們最終都將能夠在不用親眼去看它們的情況下穿行于各個地方，觀看（和觸摸?。┪奈锖退囆g品。)”可知，VR技術使我們不用親臨遺址現(xiàn)場，卻依舊能感受歷史，從而減少人類對文化遺址地的影響以及破壞。故選A項。
7．推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Finally, our cultural heritage will be preserved via technology. Efforts in research, data sharing and project work will help promote and preserve the cultural heritage of countries all across the world. (最后，我們的文化遺產將通過技術來保存。在研究、數(shù)據(jù)共享和項目工作方面的努力將有助于促進和保護世界各國的文化遺產)”可推知，作者對科技在保護文化遺產方面的應用持支持態(tài)度。故選B項。
8．B 9．A 10．A 11．A

【導語】這是一篇說明文，文章主要介紹了一項新研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，在水下潛水的鳥類可能比不潛水的鳥類更容易滅絕。
8．詞義猜測題。結合語境及畫線詞后“which could help explain why diving birds have a higher extinction rate compared with nondiving birds(這可能有助于解釋為什么潛水鳥比非潛水鳥有更高的滅絕率)”可知，潛水鳥比非潛水鳥有更高的滅絕率，是因為潛水鳥一旦獲得了潛水能力，這種變化是不可逆轉的，irreversible意為“不可逆轉的”。故選B。
9．推理判斷題。第三段首句“There are considerable morphological(形態(tài)學的) adaptations for diving.(潛水有相當大的形態(tài)學適應)”提到潛水有相當大的形態(tài)學適應，接著下文“For instance, gannets and some pelicans that dive into the water from the air have twists to the neck muscles and the bones in the chest.(例如，塘鵝和一些鵜鶘從空中跳入水中時，頸部肌肉和胸部骨骼都有扭曲)”提到塘鵝和一些鵜鶘從空中跳入水中時，頸部肌肉和胸部骨骼都有扭曲，是呈現(xiàn)一個事實證明上述觀點。故選A。
10．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中“They explored the link between diving and the development of new species, or their extinction, in various bird lineages(家族). Among 236 diving bird species, 75, or 32 percent, were part of lineages that are experiencing 0.02 more species extinctions per million years than the generation of new species. Bird lineages that don't dive, on the other hand, generated 0.1more new species per million years than the rate of species dying out.(他們在不同的鳥類譜系中探索了潛水與新物種發(fā)展或滅絕之間的聯(lián)系。在236種潛水鳥中，有75種（32%）是每百萬年滅絕的物種數(shù)量比新物種數(shù)量多0.02種的世系。另一方面，不潛水的鳥類譜系每百萬年產生的新物種比物種滅絕的速度多0.1個)”可知，生物學家是通過比較潛水鳥和非潛水鳥與新物種發(fā)展或滅絕之間的聯(lián)系而得出研究結果的。故選A。
11．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中“The range of environments available for foraging is much larger for the nondiving birds than for the specialist divers, and this may play into their ability to adapt and thrive.(對于不潛水的鳥類來說，覓食環(huán)境的范圍比專業(yè)潛水員大得多，這可能有助于它們適應和茁壯成長的能力)”可知，不潛水的鳥類覓食環(huán)境更廣泛，這有助于它們適應和茁壯成長的能力，因此更不容易滅絕。故選A。
12．F 13．A 14．G 15．D 16．E

【導語】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了聯(lián)合國組織了首屆漢語視頻節(jié)來慶祝聯(lián)合國漢語日，來自27個國家的人們參加了這個特殊的活動，并通過視頻的方式展現(xiàn)了他們學漢語的經歷和想法。
12．上文“People from 27 countries took part in the one-hour special event.(來自27個國家的人們參加了為期一小時的特別活動)”和下文“Over 340 videos told touching stories about a civilized, modern and youthful China through their personal experiences in the country.(340多個視頻通過他們在中國的親身經歷講述了一個文明、現(xiàn)代、年輕的中國的感人故事)”可知，上下文在講外國人用視頻分享自己的中國故事。由此可知，F(xiàn)選項“他們通過短視頻分享對中國語言和文化的熱愛”能夠承上啟下，故選F。
13．下文“If you know this language, you know the culture and mind of the people.(如果你懂這門語言，你就了解人民的文化和思想)”表明，學習漢語有好處，不僅是學到了語言，還能幫助你理解當?shù)匚幕腿藗兊睦砟睢Ｓ纱丝芍?，我們學的不僅僅是語言，A選項“學習漢語不僅僅是學習一門語言”切題，故選A。
14．下文“Tones are important because a lot of Chinese characters sound similar or even the same.(聲調很重要，因為許多漢字發(fā)音相似甚至相同)”可知，下文突然說到發(fā)音。由此可知，前面一句說的是發(fā)音，G選項“漢語本身很獨特，尤其考慮到其發(fā)音特點”可以引出下文，故選G。
15．下文“For example, the Chinese character for ‘tea’ has some lines of grass, the roof of a house and people drinking tea.(例如，“茶”的漢字有幾行草、屋頂和喝茶的人)”舉的例子說明了有些人在學習漢字的時候使用了想象的方法。由此可知，D選項“有些人發(fā)現(xiàn)學習漢語時運用想象力很重要”切題，故選D。
16．上文“There are some languages that have ‘loan-words’ from Chinese.(有些語言有漢語的“外來詞”)”可知，有些語言里有來自漢語的“外來詞”，E選項“因此，學習中文后，可能更容易學會它們”與前一句有邏輯上的因果關系，能夠承接上文。故選E。

17．A 18．C 19．D 20．A 21．D 22．D 23．C 24．B 25．A 26．B 27．D 28．C 29．A 30．C 31．B

【導語】這是一篇說明文。鄉(xiāng)村音樂是現(xiàn)代音樂中最流行的形式之一，它是從美國南部農村的民間音樂發(fā)展而來的，最初被稱為鄉(xiāng)村音樂。文章主要介紹了美國鄉(xiāng)村音樂的發(fā)展以及演變。
17．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：鄉(xiāng)村音樂始于20世紀20年代初，在鄉(xiāng)村音樂90多年的歷史中，其聲音和風格都發(fā)生了很大的變化。A. started開始；B. returned返回；C. continued繼續(xù)；D. disappeared消失。根據(jù)后文“In the early 1920s in the more than ninety years of country music”可知，此處是在說明鄉(xiāng)村音樂的歷史，即開始于20世紀20年代初。故選A。
18．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：鄉(xiāng)村音樂始于20世紀20年代初，在鄉(xiāng)村音樂90多年的歷史中，其聲音和風格都發(fā)生了很大的變化。A. hall大廳；B. box盒子；C. history歷史；D. scene場景。根據(jù)上文“in the early 1920s in the more than ninety years of country music”可知，鄉(xiāng)村音樂有90多年的歷史。故選C。
19．考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：鄉(xiāng)村音樂始于20世紀20年代初，在鄉(xiāng)村音樂90多年的歷史中，其聲音和風格都發(fā)生了很大的變化。A. fully完全地；B. slowly緩慢地；C. seriously嚴肅地；D. greatly極大地。根據(jù)上文“its sound and style have changed”以及后文的描述，可知鄉(xiāng)村音樂發(fā)生了很大的變化。故選D。
20．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：早年，俄克拉荷馬州和得克薩斯州的酒吧每周五和周六晚上都擠滿了鄉(xiāng)村音樂迷。A. fans愛好者；B. teachers老師；C. lessons課程；D. videos視頻。根據(jù)后文“l(fā)istening to the special sound of guitars and drums”可知去的都是喜歡鄉(xiāng)村音樂的，即愛好者。故選A。
21．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：他們喜歡聽吉他和鼓的特殊聲音。A. minded介意；B. hated討厭；C. considered考慮；D. enjoyed欣賞，喜歡。根據(jù)后文“l(fā)istening to the special sound of guitars and drums”指喜歡聽吉他和鼓的特殊聲音，enjoy doing sth.“喜歡做某事”。且下文的“People could enjoy their favorite music and alcohol at the same time.”也是提示。故選D。
22．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：1933年，禁酒令（1920—1933年）使這些酒吧更受歡迎。A. generous慷慨的；B. frustrating令人沮喪的；C. ordinary普通的；D. popular流行的。根據(jù)后文“People could enjoy their favorite music and alcohol at the same time.(人們可以同時欣賞自己喜愛的音樂和酒精)”可知，禁酒令使這些酒吧更受歡迎了。故選D。
23．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：鄉(xiāng)村音樂的另一種形式是基于美國西部牛仔的音樂，這種音樂是通過20世紀30年代和40年代的“歌唱牛仔”電影傳播給美國公眾的。A. function功能；B. effect影響；C. form形式；D. image圖像。結合后文“of country music was based on the music of cowboys in the American West”可知本段介紹的是鄉(xiāng)村音樂的另一種形式。故選C。
24．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：鄉(xiāng)村音樂的另一種形式是基于美國西部牛仔的音樂，這種音樂是通過20世紀30年代和40年代的“歌唱牛仔”電影傳播給美國公眾的。A. played玩耍；B. brought帶來；C. outlined概述；D. compared比較。根據(jù)后文“to the American public”可知，指這種音樂是通過20世紀30年代和40年代的“歌唱牛仔”電影帶給美國公眾的，故選B。
25．考查介詞詞義辨析。句意：鄉(xiāng)村音樂的另一種形式是基于美國西部牛仔的音樂，這種音樂是通過20世紀30年代和40年代的“歌唱牛仔”電影傳播給美國公眾的。A. through通過；B. in在里面；C. with和；D. without沒有。根據(jù)后文““singing cowboy” films of the 1930s and 1940s”可知這種音樂形式主要是通過“歌唱牛仔”進行傳播。故選A。
26．考查動詞短語辨析。句意：電影院里擠滿了牛仔電影迷，這反過來又使牛仔歌曲流行起來。A. belonged to屬于；B. were filled with充滿；C. served as擔任；D. were fed up with忍受。根據(jù)后文“fans of cowboy films”指電影院里擠滿了牛仔電影迷，故選B。
27．考查介詞短語辨析。句意：電影院里擠滿了牛仔電影迷，這反過來又使牛仔歌曲流行起來。A. at first首先；B. by mistake錯誤地；C. in advance提前；D. in turn反過來，輪流。根據(jù)后文“made cowboy songs popular”可知，電影院里擠滿了牛仔電影迷，這反過來又使牛仔歌曲流行起來。故選D。
28．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：鄉(xiāng)村音樂在20世紀50年代再次發(fā)生變化，一種被稱為搖滾樂的聲音——混合了南方鄉(xiāng)村音樂和布魯斯音樂。A. worked工作；B. spread傳播；C. changed改變；D. disappeared消失。根據(jù)上文“Another 　　7　 of country music was based on the music of cowboys in the American West”和后文“of the southern hillbilly music and the blues”可知，鄉(xiāng)村音樂在20世紀50年代再次發(fā)生變化，出現(xiàn)了一種被稱為搖滾樂的音樂。故選C。
29．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：鄉(xiāng)村音樂在20世紀50年代再次發(fā)生變化，一種被稱為搖滾樂的聲音——混合了南方鄉(xiāng)村音樂和布魯斯音樂。A. mix混合體，混音；B. map地圖；C. collection收藏；D. celebration慶祝。根據(jù)后文“of the southern hillbilly music and the blues”可知，搖滾樂混合了南方鄉(xiāng)村音樂和布魯斯音樂。故選A。
30．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：20世紀60年代，納什維爾之聲為更多的觀眾帶來了鄉(xiāng)村音樂。A. smarter更聰明的；B. better更好的；C. bigger更大的；D. smaller更小的。此處指更大更多的觀眾群體，應用bigger。故選C。
31．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：今天，鄉(xiāng)村音樂已經傳播到美國各地，歌手不僅來自美國，而且來自全世界。A. divided分開；B. reached到達；C. comforted安慰；D. destroyed破壞。根據(jù)后文“all parts of the United States”指鄉(xiāng)村音樂已經傳播到美國各地，故選B。

32．started 33．who 34．for 35．because 36．making 37．fifth 38．difficulty 39．but 40．patiently 41．an

【分析】本文是記敘文。文章介紹了一對好朋友的情況。Sarah害羞，常受同學欺負，Janet經常幫助她，但Janet學習成績不好，在Sarah的幫助下取得了優(yōu)異的成績。
32．考查一般過去時。句意：Sarah和Janet自開始上學起就是好朋友。根據(jù)since判斷從句用一般過去時。故填started。
33．考查定語從句關系詞。句意：任何一方有困難都可以向對方求助。分析句子結構可知，空格處是定語從句關系詞，先行詞anyone在從句中充當主語，故用關系代詞who或者that。故填who/that。
34．考查介詞。句意：任何一方有困難都可以向對方求助。此處考查固定短語ask sb for help向某人求助。故填for。
35．考查連詞。句意：當Sarah讀三年級時，一些同學常常捉弄她，因為她很害羞。分析句子結構可知，空格處應填連詞，再結合句意，前后句為因果關系，故填because。
36．考查短語。句意：Janet告訴其他同學不要捉弄Sarah，并且?guī)椭朔撕π?。此處考查短語stop doing sth停止做某事。故填making。
37．考查序數(shù)詞。句意：五年級時，Janet在數(shù)學練習上有困難。此處考查用序數(shù)詞表達年級，故填fifth。
38．考查名詞。句意：五年級時，Janet在數(shù)學練習上有困難。此處考查固定短語have difficulty in doing sth做某事有困難。故填difficulty。
39．考查連詞。句意：她很努力地學習，但還是不懂家庭作業(yè)。分析句子結構可知，空格處應填連詞，又前后句是轉折意義，故填but。
40．考查副詞。句意：Sarah幫助Janet弄懂家庭作業(yè)，并耐心地給她解釋每個練習。修飾動詞explain要用副詞形式，故填patiently。
41．考查冠詞。句意：6個月之后，Janet比以前好多了，甚至在數(shù)學考試中得了一個A。聯(lián)系句意，此處應譯為“得了一個A”，故用不定冠詞，又A是元音音素開頭，故填an。
42．give way to
【詳解】考查動詞短語。根據(jù)句意和中文提示，設空處缺“更替”，表達為give way to，空前為情態(tài)動詞must，后接動詞原形，作謂語。故填give way to。
43．run over
【詳解】考查動詞短語。根據(jù)中文可知，空處表達“犧牲”，和“the relics of the past”搭配，作that引導的限制性定語從句的謂語，可用固定短語run over，意為“撞倒并碾壓過……”，且空前有did not，run用原形。故填run over。
44．make out
【詳解】考查固定短語。結合句意表示“隱約看到，勉強辨認”可知短語為make out，且can后跟動詞原形。故填make out。
45．mean
【詳解】考查形容詞。根據(jù)中文可知，空處表達“欺負”，作be的表語，結合空后的to可知，應用形容詞mean，構成固定短語be mean to sb.，意為“對……殘忍，對……刻薄”。故填mean。
46． keep her company
【詳解】考查動詞短語。根據(jù)漢語句子提示可知，keep sb. company陪伴，不定式to后接動詞原形，主語為she，應用賓格代詞her。故填keep her company。
47．being
【詳解】考查名詞。形容詞物主代詞my后接名詞形式。being作名詞，為“身心，思想感情”之意。結合句意，故填being。
48．Altogether
【詳解】考查副詞。根據(jù)中文可知，空處表達“總共”，用于強調共有這么多名青年，作狀語，可用副詞altogether，且空處位于句首，首字母需大寫。故填Altogether。
49．Moved
【詳解】考查非謂語動詞。對比中英文句意可知，空處需表示“打動”之意，move打動，動詞，符合題意；分析英語句子結構可知，本句已有謂語動詞said，且空處沒有連詞，所以空處需用非謂語動詞作狀語，結合中文句意和空后介詞by可知，空處動詞move與主句主語he之間是被動關系，所以空處需用過去分詞moved作狀語，句首單詞首字母需大寫。故填Moved。
50．dotted with
【詳解】考查動詞短語。根據(jù)中文可知，空處表達“點綴”，可用固定短語dot sth. with sth.。分析句子可知，此處用了with復合結構，dot和邏輯主語its rolling green hills之間是動賓關系，dot需用過去分詞形式dotted。故填dotted with。
51．bridge
【詳解】考查動詞。根據(jù)中文可知，空處表達“消除”，和空前的to構成不定式短語，作that引導的賓語從句的真正的主語，且“消除”的賓語是the digital divide，可用動詞bridge，意為“彌合（差距），消除（分歧）”。故填bridge。
52．composition
【詳解】考查名詞。根據(jù)中文可知，空處表達“創(chuàng)作”，被musical修飾，作介詞in的賓語，應用名詞composition，是不可數(shù)名詞。故填composition。
53．military defense
【詳解】考查名詞短語。根據(jù)中文可知，空處表達“國防”，作share的賓語，可用固定短語military defense，military意為“軍事的”，defense意為“防御”，是不可數(shù)名詞。故填military defense。
54．remove the distance
【詳解】考查動詞和名詞。根據(jù)中文可知，空處表示“消除距離感”，是動詞短語，和空前的to構成不定式，作ability的賓語?！跋笨捎脛釉~remove，用原形，“距離感”可用名詞distance，且此處特指“人和人之間的距離感”，需加定冠詞the。故填remove the distance。
55．ancient history
【詳解】考查形容詞和名詞。根據(jù)中文可知，空處表達“古代歷史”，作介詞in的賓語，“古代”用形容詞ancient表達，“歷史”用名詞history，是不可數(shù)名詞。故填ancient history。
56．is being done
【詳解】考查動詞的時態(tài)和語態(tài)。根據(jù)中文可知，空處表達“正在進行中”，作句子的謂語，強調正在發(fā)生，時態(tài)用現(xiàn)在進行時，且和主語Much之間是被動關系，需用現(xiàn)在進行時的被動語態(tài)，即be being done的形式，Much作主語，be動詞用is，“進行”用實義動詞done。故填is being done。
57． in harmony with
【詳解】考查介詞與其它詞類的搭配。對比中英文句意可知，空處需表示“和……和諧共處”之意，in harmony with…(與……和諧共處)，固定短語，符合題意。故填①in ②harmony ③with。
58．inspired by
【詳解】考查動詞的語態(tài)。根據(jù)中文可知，空處表達“受到……的啟發(fā)”，“啟發(fā)”是inspire，作主句的謂語，和主語She之間是被動關系，需用被動語態(tài)，空前已有was，應用inspired ，空后the people是動作的發(fā)起者，需用by連接。故填inspired by。
59．next effort
【詳解】考查名詞短語。根據(jù)中文可知，空處表達“第二個壯舉”，作主句的主語，“壯舉”可理解為“成就”，用名詞effort表達，且謂語是was，effort用單數(shù)形式，“第二個”可用形容詞next表達。故填next effort。
60． an impact/effect/influence on
【詳解】考查名詞。對比中英文句意可知，空處需表示“影響”之意，have an impact/effect/influence on…(對……有影響)，固定短語，符合題意，an impact/effect/influence作賓語。故填①an ②impact/effect/influence ③on。
61． intend/plan to
【詳解】考查固定搭配。對比中英文句意可知，空處需表示“打算”之意，intend/plan to do sth.打算做某事，固定搭配，符合題意，助動詞does后需接動詞原形。故填①intend/plan ②to。
62．Dear fellow students,
As we all know, good health is very essential to the our daily life and lay the foundation for our future development.
However, in modern times many people don’t live a healthy lifestyle due to different reasons. In my judgement, we should have a balanced diet and play sports regularly to keep physically healthy. Besides, we should take a positive attitude towards people around us so that we can keep mentally healthy. Furthermore, I strongly advise that we should never sit too long in front of a computer beacuse it is bad for our health.
I hope all of us can live healthily and happily.
That’s all. Thank you!
【分析】本篇書面表達屬于應用文，最近，你班將舉行以How to live a healthy lifestyle 為主題的英語班會，請你準備一篇100詞左右的演講稿，談談在日常生活中我們應該如何養(yǎng)成健康的生活方式。
【詳解】詞匯積累
眾所周知：As we all know→ as is known to all
對......必不可少：be necessary for→be essential to
對......有害：healthy→fit
一瞬間：be bad for=be harmful to
2.句式拓展
簡單句變復合句
原句：As we all know, good health is very essential to the our daily life and lay the foundation for our future development.
拓展句：As we all know, good health is very essential to the our daily life , which lays the foundation for our future development.
【點睛】[高分句型1] Besides, we should take a positive attitude towards people around us so that we can keep mentally healthy.??(運用了so that引導的目的狀語從句)
[高分句型2] I hope all of us can live healthily and happily.(運用了省略了that的賓語從句)
63．I strongly suggested he accept my offer. I told him everyone deserves a warm meal. He eventually accepted it but just ordered something simple. During the meal, we had a conversation—I learned he was 45 and had previously worked as a driver. Unfortunately, about a year earlier he fell while working and badly hurt his back. He was no longer able to work until his back recovered.
When I stood up to leave, he thanked me for the meal and the conversation. I shook his hand, looked him in the eye, and handed him the $ 200. I told him he was a good man who had had some terrible luck and nothing more. He burst into tears and asked for my address or phone number so he could repay me some day. I told him that I was once in a bad spot and someone helped me, and that if he wanted to repay me, just try to do as much as possible to help someone else who needed help.
【分析】這是一篇記敘文。文章以人物為線索展開，講述了作者幫助過的一個女孩給她寄了200美元表示感謝。一天作者出去吃飯，看到一個無家可歸的人因為買不起一杯咖啡而不能到咖啡館里躲避寒冷天氣時，作者想到了那200美元，決定幫這個人，但他拒絕了。
【詳解】1.段落續(xù)寫
①根據(jù)本段首句內容“我強烈建議他接受我的幫助”可知，下文可描寫無家可歸者接受了幫助，作者從和他的談話中了解了他的過去。
②根據(jù)本段首句內容“當我起身準備離開時，他感謝我請他吃飯以及和他聊天”可知，下文可描述作者告訴無家可歸者自己的經歷，以及可以通過幫助其他人來報答這份善意。
2.續(xù)寫線索：建議接受幫助——最終接受——兩人聊天——了解無家可歸者的情況——準備離開——表示感謝——講述自己的經歷——希望他傳遞善意
3.詞類激活
行為類
①交流：have a conversation with sb./communicate with sb.
②幫助：help/assist
③了解：know/learn
情感類
①不幸地：unfortunately/unluckily
②流淚：burst into tears/burst out crying
【點睛】[高分句型1]He was no longer able to work until his back recovered.（運用了until引導的時間狀語從句）
[高分句型2]I told him he was a good man who had had some terrible luck and nothing more. （運用了who引導定語從句）
[高分句型3] I told him that I was once in a bad spot and someone helped me, and that if he wanted to repay me, just try to do as much as possible to help someone else who needed help.（運用了that引導的賓語從句，if引導的條件狀語從句和who引導的定語從句）

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