?2022北京房山高二（上）期末
英 語
本試卷共10頁,共100分,時長90分鐘?？忌鷦毡貙⒋鸢复鹪诖痤}卡上,在試卷上作答無效?？荚嚱Y束后, 將答題卡交回,試卷自行保存。
第一部分 知識運用(共兩節(jié), 30分)
第一節(jié)（共10小題;每小題1.5分, 共15分)
閱讀下面短文,掌握其大意,從每題所給的A、B、C、D 四個選項中, 選出最佳選項, 并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。
It was my first time skiing and I had been persuaded to come along with a group of friends. I was wondering whether I had made a ____1____ by joining them, because they all had at least some ____2____ of skiing in the past while I had never even had a single skiing lesson.
We arrived at our destination in the afternoon and my lessons didn’t start until the following morning. There was no way I was going to stay behind and ____3____ everyone else go out to enjoy the skiing without me, so I grabbed my stuff and ____4____ out with them. Harriet, a member of our group, took pity on me and offered to pair up, giving me some ____5____ on how to get started.
For all of about ten metres, I fell to the ground in shame. Again to my feet, again to the floor. And so the situation continued until finally, just once, I caught my ____6____ and I was away. I daren’t move anything for fear that my run would come to an untimely end. From a few feet behind, Harriet was shouting something encouraging, trying not to ski past me and ruin my moment of ____7____. I only covered a tiny distance, but it felt ____8____.
With proper instructions, I improved quickly. Harriet was a really ____9____ teacher and I had a good experience. Winter is coming again. I can’t wait to head ____10____ to the ski resort.
1. A. mistake B. deal C. promise D. contribution
2. A. ambition B. assistance C. pressure D. experience
3. A. suggest B. watch C. help D. order
4. A. broke B. called C. went D. checked
5. A. tips B. reasons C. comments D. gifts
6. A. tear B. balance C. coat D. idea
7. A. accident B. creativity C. victory D. wildness
8. A. amazing B. boring C. disappointing D. relaxing
9. A. confident B. funny C. strange D. patient
10. A. bitterly B. curiously C. excitedly D. nervously
第二節(jié)（共10小題;每小題1.5分, 共15分)
A
閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個恰當?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內所給詞的正確形式填空。
Florentijn Hofman is a Dutch artist, ____11____ large sculptures are on display all over the world. One way for him to find inspiration is thinking about his children’s toys. These ____12____ (object) have given him ideas for his animal sculptures, such as the famous Rubber Duck. A more recent work of his is the huge Floating Fish, ____13____ was set among the beautiful landscape of Wuzhen West Scenic Zone.
B
閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個恰當?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內所給詞的正確形式填空。
The young man in question, Charles Darwin, was a geologist and naturalist, fascinated by rocks, plants and animals. He ____14____ (leave) England on the ship, the Beagle, in 1831. The journey gave him the chance ____15____ (study) various living things in their natural environments. After Darwin had spent some time in South America, his room on the ship was crowded with samples of the plants and animals he ____16____ (collect). As he studied these, he asked ____17____ (he) the question: how did different species come to exist?
C
閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個恰當?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內所給詞的正確形式填空。
In most countries, ____18____ (turn) 18 marks the start of adulthood. But what does reaching this milestone, the age of majority, really mean? Will you be ____19____ (complete) in charge of your own life and able to express yourself in new and exciting ways? What new responsibilities will it bring? Some young people have begun to feel more aware of other people and to develop a ____20____ (strong) sense of social responsibilities than before.
第二部分 閱讀理解(共兩節(jié),38分)
第一節(jié)（共14小題;每小題2分, 共28分)
閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中,選出最佳選項, 并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。
A
Peru is a country on the Pacific coast of South America with three main areas: narrow, dry, flat land running along the coast, the Andes Mountains, and the Amazon rainforest.
Amazon Rainforest Tour
A short flight from Cusco takes you from the Andes into the Amazon rainforest. From there, you’ll spend one day travelling by boat to your accommodation in the middle of the forest. You can then spend three days exploring the rainforest with a local guide and enjoying the plants and animals unique to the rainforest.
Machu Picchu Tour
This four-day walking tour will take you on amazing paths through the Andes Mountains on the way to the city of Machu Picchu. After reaching your destination, you will have a day to explore and be amazed by this ancient city. Especially amazing is the Incas’ dry stone method of building. Inca builders cut stones to exact sizes so that nothing was needed to hold walls together other than the perfect fit of the stones.
Cusco Tour
Spend four days enjoying the unique Spanish and local Indian culture high in the Andes at Cusco, the capital of the Inca Empire from the 13th until the 16th century. Stay in a local hotel, visit the museums, admire the architecture, enjoy the excellent local food, and go shopping at the local markets.
Lake Titicaca Tour
Enjoy the beautiful countryside as you spend a day driving along the new highway connecting Cusco to Lake Titicaca. There, a boat will take you to stay with a local Uros family on an island for three days. Both the island and the Uros homes are made of water plants from the lake.
So come and experience what Peru has to offer: everything from the ancient Inca culture and centuries — old Spanish villages to deep rainforests, high mountains, and a beautiful coastline.
21. What is special about the Machu Picchu Tour?
A. People can explore the rainforest with a local guide.
B. People can stay with a local Uros family on an island.
C. People can enjoy the plants and animals unique to the forest.
D. People can know about the Incas’ dry stone method of building.
22. Which tour would you recommend to people who enjoy local Indian culture?
A. Amazon Rainforest Tour. B. Machu Picchu Tour.
C. Cusco Tour. D. Lake Titicaca Tour.
23. Where can you most probably read the passage?
A. On a science website. B. In a travel brochure.
C. In an environmental report. D. In a biology magazine.
B
The air is thin and we have to rest several times on the short hike from camp. To our left, snow-covered mountains disappear into clouds that seem almost close enough to touch. On the grassland in front of us, we can just make out a herd of graceful animals. This is why we’re here — to observe Tibetan antelopes.
Tibetan antelopes live on the plains of Tibet, Xinjiang, and Qinghai. Watching them move slowly across the green grass. I’m struck by their beauty. I’m also reminded of the danger they are in. They are being hunted, illegally, for their valuable fur.
My guide is Zhaxi, a villager from Changtang. He works at the Changtang National Nature Rcserve. It covers an arca of about 120,000 square miles. The reserve is a shelter for the animals and plants of northwestern Tibet. To Zhaxi, protecting the wildlife is a way of life. “We’re not trying to save the animals,” he says. “Actually, we’re trying to save ourselves.”
The 1980s and 1990s were bad times for the Tibetan antelope. The population dropped by more than 50 percent. Hunters were shooting antelopes to make money. Their habitats were becoming smaller as new roads and railways were built.
In order to save this species from extinction, the Chinese government placed it under national protection. Zhaxi and other volunteers watched over the antelopes day and night to keep them safe from attacks. Bridges and gates were added to let the antelopes move easily and keep them safe from cars and trains.
The measures were effective. The antelope population has recovered and in June 2015, the Tibetan antelope was removed from the endangered species list. The government, however, does not intend to stop the protection programmes, since the threats to the Tibetan antelope have not yet disappeared.
In the evening, I drink a cup of tea and watch the stars. I think about the antelopes and what Zhaxi told me. Much is being done to protect wildlife, but if we really want to save the planet, we must change our way of life. Only when we learn to exist in harmony with nature can we stop being a threat to wildlife and to our planet.
24. Why did the writer visit Tibet?
A. To watch the Tibetan antelopes. B. To go on a short hike from camp.
C. To see the snow-covered mountains. D. To visit their friend Zhaxi in Changtang.
25. What happened to the Tibetan antelopes in the 1980s and 1990s?
A. Their habitats disappeared. B. They were attacked by other animals.
C. They were shot by hunters for money. D. Their population dropped by less than 50 percent.
26. What can we know about the Changtang National Nature Reserve?
A. It was built by volunteers and villagers.
B. Its protection programmes have been stopped.
C. It was founded to protect the wildlife that live there.
D. Its antelopes are on the list of endangered species now.
27. What does the author intend to tell us?
A. The importance of a good lifestyle.
B. Protecting wildlife is protecting ourselves.
C. Changtang is the best place to observe Tibetan antelopes.
D. More volunteers are needed to keep the antelopes from attacks.
C
Bees have been around for over 100 million years, and in that time they have been found in almost every part of the world. There are over 20,000 species of bees. Some bees look very different to the yellow-and-black bees we’re familiar with.
Bees are important to human survival, but due to climate change and habitat destruction, their numbers are in decline. It’s a sad fact that these wonderfully adaptive insects, who’ve survived a whole host of changes since they first appeared on our planet, are now under serious threat. With around one-third of bee species in decline, it’s a critical time for us to do everything we can to support them.
It’s easy to see why the loss of bees would be catastrophic — we couldn’t survive without pollinators (傳粉者) — but their extinction would have an impact well beyond their role in providing the food we eat. If a bee species dies out, the plants and trees that depend on it are affected too; in turn, the creatures who feed or live on those plants are affected and so on up the food chain.
While it may seem that we can’t do much as individuals to deal with some of these bigger issues, we can certainly work together with others to raise awareness about them and bring about change. If you’re passionate about bees, spread love. Share your knowledge — fascinating facts and a few scary statistics — and see if you can encourage your friends and family to become bee-friendly too. You could engage in a little positive bee project: explain that most bees don’t sting people, for example, or that honeybees in a swarm are simply looking for a new place to nest, they’re not out to attack.
Some environmental protection organizations and other charities are working hard to raise awareness of the problems bees are facing. Supporting these groups is one way of helping bees — through raising funds, following them on social media and sharing campaign details. Search information all you can about bees in your area to see what factors are affecting them locally, and look out for action groups to see if a plan is in place to help.
28. What can we learn from the passage?
A. Most bees in a swarm will attack people.
B. About half of the planet’s bee species are declining.
C. There are over 20,000 species of yellow-and-black bees.
D. Some creatures can be affected if a bee species dies out.
29. What does the underlined word “catastrophic” in Paragraph 3 probably mean?
A. Limited. B. Effective. C. Renewable. D. Harmful.
30. What is the author’s purpose in writing this passage?
A. To call on people to help save bees. B. To share knowledge of beekeeping.
C. To introduce a bee-friendly project. D. To stress the impact of climate change.
D
The mangrove tree might not look very impressive, but it is an essential part of our ecosystem. However, more than half of the mangrove forests have been destroyed in the past century. Several World Heritage Sites have been listed largely because of their mangrove ecosystems. Among them are the Sundarbans across India and Bangladesh, the Everglades National Park in the US, and the Great Barrier Reef in Australia.
Being a World Heritage Site requires for the mangroves to be protected. However, one country in Asia has gone further by having a five-year program to protect and conserve all their mangroves. They even have a mangrove museum and observe World Mangrove Day. This country is Sri Lanka. Why are mangrove trees so important to Sri Lanka and to other countries where mangroves grow?
The mangrove tree grows along coastal saltwater shorelines. They have adapted to the harsh coastal weather and have deep roots. This means that they are strong and cannot be easily removed. In countries where natural disasters such as tsunamis and cyclones occur, the forests provide protection. The villages in Sri Lanka with full mangrove forests have suffered less damage when hit by these natural disasters. The reason is that the mangroves break up the force and strength of the waves.
The mangroves also quickly absorb carbon dioxide and send oxygen into the atmosphere. This makes them an important part of the fight against climate change. They absorb far more carbon dioxide than other types of forest, and store it in their structure and even in the soil. This is important as carbon dioxide in the atmosphere is believed to be a cause of detrimental changes in the weather, such as global warming.
The strong roots also provide protection for young fish as they grow. With the oceans around the world being overfished, it is important to maintain the ecological balance in the oceans. For Sri Lanka, one of the threats to the mangrove forests is the shrimp farms being set up. To build saltwater ponds for the shrimps, the mangroves are cut down. This has resulted in fewer fish surviving among the mangrove roots and fewer fish being caught by the fishermen. The local fishing communities noticed that they were losing money and it made them aware of how important the mangroves were. They are now helping to conserve the forests.
Sri Lanka is showing that a nation can preserve all of its mangroves. The conservation model they have can be used by other countries. It might take many years of planning, but the benefits of saving mangroves definitely outweigh the costs.
31. What do we know about the mangrove trees from the passage?
A. They are mainly grown in Australia.
B. They can prevent young fish from growing.
C. They have been damaged by natural disasters.
D. They are less impressive but important to the ecosystem.
32. What has been done in Sri Lanka to protect mangroves?
A. A world mangrove festival has been founded.
B. Saltwater ponds for the shrimps have been set up.
C. A 5-year mangroves protecting program has been started.
D. More mangroves along the coastal areas have been grown.
33. What does Paragraph 4 mainly talk about?
A. The mangroves can keep the ecological balance in the oceans.
B. The mangroves are essential for fighting against climate change.
C. The mangroves have deep roots and hold the soil in place firmly.
D. The mangroves can break up the force and strength of the waves.
34. What is the author’s attitude towards the future conservation of mangroves?
A. Positive. B. Negative. C. Doubtful. D. Unclear.
第二節(jié)（共5小題;每小題2分, 共10分)
根據(jù)短文內容, 從短文后的七個選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項, 并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。選項中有兩項為多余選項。
A lot of people think that they are not good at learning a new language. ____35____
Good language learners look for opportunities to hear and use the new language outside of the classroom on a daily basis and consequently learn the language more quickly. ____36____ For instance, they can talk to salesmen, join sports clubs, or even talk to people in coffee stores. They might read newspapers and magazines in that language, watch movies, listen to podcasts, or join chat rooms. All of these are great opportunities to practice and can also be fun.
In addition, good language learners try different ways to make their message understood. For example, if they do not know the word for “l(fā)aundromat,” they might say “the place where you can wash clothes.” ____37____ The point is that good language learners are creative and do not easily give up.
Finally good language learners are prepared to take risks. ____38____ As a result, instead of being embarrassed by a mistake or getting frustrated when they do not understand, they see it as gaining a learning opportunity. For example, if they do not understand what someone said the first time, they are not afraid to ask them to repeat it again and again until they do understand. Or, if someone corrects their vocabulary or grammar, they try to remember instead of becoming shy about speaking.
____39____ It cannot be done in just a few months. Hopefully, these methods will help you be a good and confident language learner in the long run.
A. Becoming fluent in a language takes time.
B. But we can learn a new language through looking up new words.
C. If that does not work, they might even try drawing it or acting it out.
D. Besides, good language learners use various ways to learn English words.
E. They understand that making mistakes is natural and is necessary to learn.
F. If they’re studying in a country where the language is spoken, this is easy to do.
G. However, we can learn from good language learners to become better at languages.
第三部分 書面表達（共兩節(jié),32分)
第一節(jié)(共4小題;第40、41題各2分,第42題3分,第43題5分,共12分)
閱讀下面短文, 根據(jù)題目要求用英文回答問題。

Chinese Fancy Knots, also called Chinese knots, refer to the traditional decorative knots in Chinese culture. They began as a form of folk art in the Tang and Song Dynasties in China. And they became popular in the Ming Dynasty. Now they are taken as one of the most representative symbols of Chinese culture and regarded as popular gifts for foreign friends.
As for the name itself, it is definitely meaningful. The Chinese character for “knot”, jie, means “connection” “combination”. It is associated with a wide range of cultural concepts — marriage, brotherhood, friendship, unity, reunion, etc. Meanwhile, the pronunciation of the Chinese character jie is very close to that of ji, “good luck”. As a result, Chinese knots perfectly serve as a way to express people’s strong wishes for good things like joy, love and good luck.
Besides, the knots, widely existing in the everyday life of the Chinese, come in various sizes. Small ones are attached to jewellery, clothes, gift-wrapping and furniture in order to attract people’s attention, while large ones are applied like fine paintings or photographs to decorate a living room or study.
In addition to their varied sizes and styles, Chinese knots are famous for their bright colors. Each knot is made of a single string of cotton, silk, gold or silver, and named according to its shape and meaning. But the colors of the strings are rich and have various traditional cultural meanings. Among the most commonly used base colors, red symbolizes good luck and happiness, green means health and harmony, and yellow, which was once known as the emperor’s color, may represent wealth and honour.
In brief, the famous Chinese fancy knots fully reflect the depth of Chinese culture.
40. When did Chinese knots start as a form of folk art?
________________
41. According to the passage, what do Chinese knots express?
________________
42. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why.
Chinese knots come in different sizes, styles, and each knot is made of several strings.
________________
43. Besides Chinese knots, what would you like to choose as a gift representing Chinese culture for a foreign friend? Why? (In about 40 words)
________________
第二節(jié)（20分)
44. 假設你是紅星中學高二學生李華。你校將在3月舉行主題為“My Green Action”的線上英語演講比賽, 請給你校外教老師Jim寫封郵件，邀請他擔任評委。內容包括:
1.演講比賽的時間、舉行方式；
2.介紹活動的主要安排；
3.詢問對方的意向。
注意:1．詞數(shù)80左右；
2．開頭和結尾已給出,不計入總詞數(shù)。
Dear Jim,
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua

參考答案
第一部分 知識運用(共兩節(jié), 30分)
第一節(jié)（共10小題;每小題1.5分, 共15分)
【答案】1. A 2. D 3. B 4. C 5. A 6. B 7. C 8. A 9. D 10. C
【解析】
【導語】這是一篇記敘文。講述了作者第一次滑雪的經歷，在組員Harriet的指導下，得到了很好的體驗，并在冬天到來時，迫不及待想去滑雪勝地。
【1題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我在想我加入他們是不是犯了個錯誤，因為他們過去都至少有一些滑雪的經驗，而我甚至從來沒有上過一節(jié)滑雪課。A. mistake錯誤；B. deal交易；C. promise承諾；D. contribution貢獻。根據(jù)后文“I had never even had a single skiing lesson”可知，作者因為沒有上過滑雪課，開始懷疑自己加入他們是個錯誤。故選A。
【2題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我在想我加入他們是不是犯了個錯誤，因為他們過去都至少有一些滑雪的經驗，而我甚至從來沒有上過一節(jié)滑雪課。A. ambition抱負；B. assistance幫助；C. pressure壓力；D. experience經驗。根據(jù)前后文“because they all had at least some…of skiing”指他們過去都至少有一些滑雪的經驗，故選D。
【3題詳解】
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我不可能看著其他人出去滑雪而留下我自己，所以我拿了我的東西，和他們一起出去了。A. suggest建議；B. watch看；C. help幫助；D. order命令。根據(jù)后文“everyone else go out to enjoy the skiing without me”指作者看著其他人出去滑雪，而自己留下來，故選B。
【4題詳解】
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我不可能看著其他人出去滑雪而留下我自己，所以我拿了我的東西，和他們一起出去了。A. broke打破；B. called打電話；C. went離開、去；D. checked檢查。根據(jù)后文“out with them”可知作者拿了東西和他們一起出去了。故選C。
【5題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我們組的一名成員哈麗特很照顧我，提出要和我結對，并給了我一些如何開始的建議。A. tips建議；B. reasons理由；C. comments評論；D. gifts禮物。根據(jù)后文“on how to get started”可知，哈麗特給了作者滑雪的建議。故選A。
【6題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：就這樣，這種情況一直持續(xù)到最后，只有一次，我恢復了平衡，滑出去了。A. tear淚水；B. balance平衡；C. coat外套；D. idea想法。根據(jù)上文“until finally, just once, I caught my”可知經過幾次失敗的嘗試，作者有那么一次掌握了平衡，故選B。
【7題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：哈麗特就在后面幾英尺的地方喊著什么鼓勵的話，試圖不從我身邊滑過，破壞我勝利的時刻。A. accident事故；B. creativity創(chuàng)造力；C. victory勝利；D. wildness野蠻。根據(jù)后文“I only covered a tiny distance(我只滑了一小段距離)”可知，作者取得了小小的勝利，故選C。
【8題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我只滑了一小段距離，但感覺很棒。A. amazing不可思議的、感覺極好的；B. boring無聊的；C. disappointing令人失望的；D. relaxing令人放松的。根據(jù)上文“I only covered a tiny distance, but it felt”中but表示轉折，可知雖然滑得不遠，但作者仍然感覺很棒。故選A。
【9題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：哈麗特是一個很有耐心的老師，我有一個很好的經歷。A. confident自信的；B. funny有趣的；C. strange奇怪的；D. patient耐心的。結合上文可知哈麗特耐心指導作者，是個有耐心的老師。故選D。
【10題詳解】
考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：我迫不及待地想去滑雪勝地。A. bitterly憤怒地；B. curiously好奇地；C. excitedly興奮地；D. nervously緊張地。根據(jù)上文“I can’t wait to head”可知作者因為好的經歷，喜歡上了滑雪，迫不及待地想去滑雪勝地。故選C。
第二節(jié)（共10小題;每小題1.5分, 共15分)
【答案】11. whose
12. objects
13. which
【解析】
【導語】這是一篇說明文。主要介紹了Florentijn Hofman是一位荷蘭藝術家，他的大型雕塑作品在世界各地展出。對他來說，尋找靈感的一種方式是思考孩子們的玩具。這些物品給了他創(chuàng)作動物雕塑的靈感，比如著名的橡皮鴨。他最近的一個作品是巨大的浮魚，它被設置在烏鎮(zhèn)西風景區(qū)的美麗風景中。
【11題詳解】
考查定語從句。句意：Florentijn Hofman是一位荷蘭藝術家，他的大型雕塑作品在世界各地展出。非限制性定語從句修飾先行詞artist，先行詞在從句中作定語，應關系代詞whose。故填whose。
【12題詳解】
考查名詞的數(shù)。句意：這些物品給了他創(chuàng)作動物雕塑的靈感，比如著名的橡皮鴨。object為可數(shù)名詞，由these修飾應用復數(shù)形式。故填objects。
【13題詳解】
考查定語從句。句意：他最近的一個作品是“巨大的浮魚”，它被設置在烏鎮(zhèn)西風景區(qū)的美麗風景中。此處為非限制性定語從句修飾先行詞the huge Floating Fish，先行詞在從句中作主語，指物，故用關系代詞which。故填which。
【答案】14. left
15. to study
16. had collected
17. himself
【解析】
【導語】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了達爾文年輕時的南美之旅。
【14題詳解】
考查時態(tài)。句意：1831年，他乘坐Beagle號離開英國。分析句子結構可知，設空處缺少謂語，根據(jù)時間狀語in 1831可知，本句時態(tài)為一般過去時。故填left。
【15題詳解】
考查非謂語動詞。句意：這次旅行使他有機會研究自然環(huán)境中的各種生物。分析句子結構可知，設空處需填入動詞不定式作the chance的定語。故填to study。
【16題詳解】
考查時態(tài)。句意：達爾文在南美呆了一段時間后，船上房間里擠滿了他收集的動植物樣本。分析句子結構可知，設空處缺少從句的謂語，主句為一般過去時，從句的動作發(fā)生在主句動作之前，因而需用過去完成時。故填had collected。
【17題詳解】
考查反身代詞。句意：當他研究這些時，他問自己一個問題：不同的物種是如何存在的？分析句子結構可知，設空處缺少賓語，賓語與主語he為同一人，因而用反身代詞。故填himself。
【答案】18. turning
19. completely
20. stronger
【解析】
【導語】這是一篇說明文。主要說明了在大多數(shù)國家，18歲標志著成年的開始。但是，到了成年這一里程碑，究竟意味著什么呢？你能完全掌控自己的生活，并能以新的、令人興奮的方式表達自己嗎？它會帶來什么新的責任？一些年輕人開始比以前更關心他人，培養(yǎng)了更強的社會責任感。
【18題詳解】
考查非謂語動詞。句意：在大多數(shù)國家，18歲標志著成年的開始。作主語，turn應用動名詞形式。故填turning。
【19題詳解】
考查副詞。句意：你能完全掌控自己的生活，并能以新的、令人興奮的方式表達自己嗎？修飾后文介詞短語應用副詞completely，故填completely。
【20題詳解】
考查比較級。句意：一些年輕人開始比以前更關心他人，培養(yǎng)了更強的社會責任感。根據(jù)后文than before可知應用比較級。故填stronger。
第二部分 閱讀理解(共兩節(jié),38分)
【答案】21. D 22. C 23. B
【解析】
【導語】這是一篇應用文。文章介紹了去秘魯旅行的四種旅游套餐。
【21題詳解】
細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Machu Picchu Tour中“Especially amazing is the Incas’ dry stone method of building. (尤其令人驚嘆的是印加人的干石建造法)”可知，馬丘比丘之旅的獨特之處在于人們可以知道印加人的干石建造方法。故選D項。
【22題詳解】
細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Cusco Tour部分中“Spend four days enjoying the unique Spanish and local Indian culture high in the Andes at Cusco, the capital of the Inca Empire from the 13th until the 16th century.(在安第斯山脈高處的庫斯科，花四天時間欣賞獨特的西班牙和當?shù)氐挠《任幕?，庫斯科?3世紀至16世紀印加帝國的首都)”可知，你會向喜歡印度當?shù)匚幕娜送扑]Cusco Tour。故選C。
【23題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Peru is a country on the Pacific coast of South America with three main areas: narrow, dry, flat land running along the coast, the Andes Mountains, and the Amazon rainforest.(秘魯是南美洲太平洋沿岸的一個國家，主要有三個地區(qū)：狹窄、干燥、平坦的海岸、安第斯山脈和亞馬遜雨林)”可知，本文是一篇關于去秘魯旅行包價旅游的廣告宣傳，因此你最可能在旅行手冊上讀到這篇文章。故選B項。
【答案】24. A 25. C 26. C 27. B
【解析】
【導語】本文是一篇記敘文。作者在文中記錄了去西藏觀察藏羚羊的經歷，并且在與導游扎西的溝通中了解到保護藏羚羊，保護自然的重要性。由此感悟：人類應與自然和諧共生。
【24題詳解】
細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“On the grassland in front of us, we can just make out a herd of graceful animals. This is why we’re here — to observe Tibetan antelopes.(在我們面前的草地上，勉強可以辨認出一群姿態(tài)優(yōu)美的動物。這就是我們來這里的原因——觀察藏羚羊)”可知，作者去西藏的目的是為了觀察姿態(tài)優(yōu)美的動物——藏羚羊。故選A。
【25題詳解】
細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中“The 1980s and 1990s were bad times for the Tibetan antelope. The population dropped by more than 50 percent. Hunters were shooting antelopes to make money.(上世紀八九十年代是藏羚羊的艱難時期。數(shù)量下降了50%以上。獵人們獵殺羚羊來賺錢)”可知，在上世紀八九十年代，藏羚羊被獵人為了錢槍殺了。故選C。
【26題詳解】
細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“My guide is Zhaxi, a villager from Changtang. He works at the Changtang National Nature Rcserve. It covers an arca of about 120,000 square miles. The reserve is a shelter for the animals and plants of northwestern Tibet.(我的導游是長塘村民扎西。他在羌塘國家級自然保護區(qū)工作。它占地約12萬平方英里。該保護區(qū)是西藏西北部動植物的避難所)”可知，羌塘國家級自然保護區(qū)的建立是為了保護生活在那里的野生動物。故選C。
【27題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Much is being done to protect wildlife, but if we really want to save the planet, we must change our way of life. Only when we learn to exist in harmony with nature can we stop being a threat to wildlife and to our planet.(保護野生動物已經做了很多工作，但如果我們真的想拯救地球，我們必須改變我們的生活方式。只有當我們學會與自然和諧共處時，我們才能不再威脅野生動物和我們的星球)”可推知，作者想告訴我們保護野生動物就是保護我們自己。故選B。
【答案】28. D 29. D 30. A
【解析】
【導語】本文是一篇說明文。講述由于氣候變化和棲息地的破壞，導致蜜蜂的數(shù)量在減少，并說明了蜜蜂減少給人類和其他生物帶來危害。呼吁人們提高對蜜蜂所面臨問題的認識，并尋找行動小組以查看是否有計劃提供幫助。
【28題詳解】
細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)原文第三段“If a bee species dies out, the plants and trees that depend on it are affected too; in turn, the creatures who feed or live on those plants are affected and so on up the food chain.”（如果一種蜜蜂滅絕了，依賴它生存的植物和樹木也會受到影響；反過來，以這些植物為食或生活的生物也會受到影響，如此循環(huán)往復。）可知如果一種蜜蜂滅絕了，有些生物將會受影響。故選D項。
【29題詳解】
詞義猜測題。根據(jù)原文第三段“we couldn’t survive without pollinators (傳粉者) — but their extinction would have an impact well beyond their role in providing the food we eat.”（沒有傳粉者我們就無法生存——但它們的滅絕將產生的影響遠遠超出它們?yōu)槲覀兲峁┦澄锏淖饔茫┛芍獩]有傳粉者我們無法生存，這是非常具有危害性的。A. Limited 有限的；B Effective 有效的；C. Renewable可再生的；D. Harmful 有害的。故選D項。
【30題詳解】
推理判斷題。文章前面提出蜜蜂的減少和假設某一種類的滅絕將會造成的危害，并由文章最后一段“Some environmental protection organizations and other charities are working hard to raise awareness of the problems bees are facing. Supporting these groups is one way of helping bees — through raising funds, following them on social media and sharing campaign details.”（一些環(huán)保組織和其他慈善機構正在努力提高人們對蜜蜂所面臨問題的認識。支持這些團體是幫助蜜蜂的一種方式——通過籌集資金、在社交媒體上關注它們并分享活動細節(jié)。）可知作者意呼吁人們要提高對蜜蜂所面臨的問題的認識以及這些問題會給人類和其他生物帶來的危害，希望人們要做點事情去拯救蜜蜂。故選A項。
【答案】31. D 32. C 33. B 34. A
【解析】
【導語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了紅樹林對生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的重要作用以及為保護紅樹林斯里蘭卡所采取的一些措施。
【31題詳解】
細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“The mangrove tree might not look very impressive, but it is an essential part of our ecosystem.(紅樹林可能看起來不是很令人印象深刻，但它是我們生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的重要組成部分)”可知，紅樹林不那么令人印象深刻，但對生態(tài)系統(tǒng)很重要。故選D。
【32題詳解】
細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“However, one country in Asia has gone further by having a five-year program to protect and conserve all their mangroves. They even have a mangrove museum and observe World Mangrove Day. This country is Sri Lanka.(然而，亞洲有一個國家走得更遠，制定了一項為期五年的計劃來保護和保護他們所有的紅樹林。他們甚至有一個紅樹林博物館，并慶祝世界紅樹林日。這個國家就是斯里蘭卡)”可知，斯里蘭卡采取啟動一項為期五年的紅樹林保護計劃，來保護紅樹林。故選C。
【33題詳解】
主旨大意題。根據(jù)第四段“The mangroves also quickly absorb carbon dioxide and send oxygen into the atmosphere. This makes them an important part of the fight against climate change. They absorb far more carbon dioxide than other types of forest, and store it in their structure and even in the soil. This is important as carbon dioxide in the atmosphere is believed to be a cause of detrimental changes in the weather, such as global warming.(紅樹林還能迅速吸收二氧化碳，并將氧氣輸送到大氣中。這使它們成為對抗氣候變化的重要組成部分。它們比其他類型的森林吸收更多的二氧化碳，并將其儲存在它們的結構中，甚至儲存在土壤中。這一點很重要，因為大氣中的二氧化碳被認為是造成全球變暖等有害天氣變化的原因)”可知，第四段主要講了紅樹林對應對氣候變化至關重要。故選B。
【34題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Sri Lanka is showing that a nation can preserve all of its mangroves. The conservation model they have can be used by other countries. It might take many years of planning, but the benefits of saving mangroves definitely outweigh the costs.(斯里蘭卡正在展示一個國家可以保護它所有的紅樹林。他們的保護模式可以被其他國家借鑒。這可能需要多年的規(guī)劃，但拯救紅樹林的好處絕對大于成本)”可推知，作者對未來保護紅樹林的態(tài)度是積極的。故選A。
第二節(jié)（共5小題;每小題2分, 共10分)
【答案】35. G 36. F 37. C 38. E 39. A
【解析】
【導語】這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了好的語言學習者是如何學習語言的。
【35題詳解】
根據(jù)前文“A lot of people think that they are not good at learning a new language.(很多人認為他們不擅長學習一門新語言)”及后文“Good language learners look for opportunities to hear and use the new language outside of the classroom on a daily basis and consequently learn the language more quickly.(好的語言學習者每天都在課堂外尋找機會聽和使用新語言，從而更快地學習語言)”可知，空處應該和上文是轉折關系，同時引起下文，指出雖然很多人不認為自己不擅長學習一門語言，但是我們可以向優(yōu)秀的語言者學習，G項“However, we can learn from good language learners to become better at languages.(然而，我們可以從優(yōu)秀的語言學習者那里學習，以提高語言水平)”承上啟下。故選G。
【36題詳解】
根據(jù)后文“For instance, they can talk to salesmen, join sports clubs, or even talk to people in coffee stores. They might read newspapers and magazines in that language, watch movies, listen to podcasts, or join chat rooms.(例如，他們可以與銷售員交談，加入體育俱樂部，甚至與咖啡店的人交談。他們可能會閱讀該種語言的報紙和雜志，看電影，聽播客，或者加入聊天室)”可知，后文列舉的都是在某種語言環(huán)境中學習該種語言的途徑，承接了F項“If they’re studying in a country where the language is spoken, this is easy to do.(如果他們在一個說這種語言的國家學習，這很容易做到)”。故選F。
【37題詳解】
根據(jù)后文“The point is that good language learners are creative and do not easily give up.(關鍵是，好的語言學習者是有創(chuàng)造力的，不會輕易放棄)”可知，好的語言學習者會通過多種途徑去表達自己，C項“If that does not work, they might even try drawing it or acting it out.(如果這不起作用，他們甚至可能嘗試畫出來或表演出來)”中的畫出來或表演出來是創(chuàng)造力的一種體現(xiàn)。故選C。
【38題詳解】
后文“As a result, instead of being embarrassed by a mistake or getting frustrated when they do not understand, they see it as gaining a learning opportunity.(因此，他們不會因為一個錯誤而感到尷尬，也不會因為不理解而感到沮喪，而是將其視為獲得了一個學習機會)”中的mistake與E項“They understand that making mistakes is natural and is necessary to learn.(他們明白犯錯誤是自然的，是學習的必要條件)”呼應，承接E項內容。故選E。
【39題詳解】
根據(jù)后文“It cannot be done in just a few months.(這不可能在幾個月內完成)”可知，這里在說學習語言的時間問題，A項“Becoming fluent in a language takes time.(掌握一門語言需要時間)”引出下文。故選A。
第三部分 書面表達（共兩節(jié),32分)
【答案】40. They started as a form of folk art in the Tang and Song Dynasties in China.
41. Chinese knots perfectly serve as a way to express people’s strong wishes for good things like joy, love and good luck.
42. Chinese knots come in different sizes, styles, and each knot is made of several strings.
Each knot is made of a single string of cotton, silk, gold or silver.
43. I would like to choose paper cuts with the Chinese character “Fu" as a gift. Because it is a Chinese folk art and it can express my best wishes for good luck. What’s more, paper cuts can be used to decorate their rooms.
【解析】
【導語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了中國結的寓意及其在日常生活中的廣泛應用。
【40題詳解】
考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第一段中“They began as a form of folk art in the Tang and Song Dynasties in China.(它們起源于中國唐宋時期的一種民間藝術形式)”可知，中國結起源于中國唐宋時期的一種民間藝術形式。故答案為They started as a form of folk art in the Tang and Song Dynasties in China.
【41題詳解】
考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段中“As a result, Chinese knots perfectly serve as a way to express people’s strong wishes for good things like joy, love and good luck.(因此，中國結完美地表達了人們對快樂、愛情和好運等美好事物的強烈愿望)”可知，中國結完美地表達了人們對快樂、愛情和好運等美好事物的強烈愿望。故答案為Chinese knots perfectly serve as a way to express people’s strong wishes for good things like joy, love and good luck.
【42題詳解】
考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中“Each knot is made of a single string of cotton, silk, gold or silver, and named according to its shape and meaning.(每個結都是由一串棉花，絲綢，金或白銀制成，并根據(jù)其形狀和意義命名)”可知，錯誤的部分是“several strings”，每個結由一串棉花、絲綢、黃金或白銀制成。故答案為Chinese knots come in different sizes, styles, and each knot is made of several strings. Each knot is made of a single string of cotton, silk, gold or silver.
【43題詳解】
開放性題目。題干：除了中國結，你還會選擇什么禮物作為代表中國文化的禮物送給外國朋友呢？為什么？可回答：我想選擇有“?！弊值募艏堊鳛槎Y物。因為它是中國民間藝術，它可以表達我對好運的祝福。更重要的是，剪紙可以用來裝飾他們的房間。故答案為I would like to choose paper cuts with the Chinese character “Fu" as a gift. Because it is a Chinese folk art and it can express my best wishes for good luck. What’s more, paper cuts can be used to decorate their rooms.
第二節(jié)（20分)
44.
【答案】One possible version:
Dear Jim,
I’m Li Hua, a student of Senior Two. I am writing to invite you to be the judge of our English speech competition, which will be held on March 12th online.
It will start at 2 p.m. and last about two hours. The student representative from each class will make a speech on the topic of “My Green Action”. Each student will have 5 minutes to finish the speech. As a judge, you are expected to give scores for each student and make comments according to their presentation online. Would you like to be the judge? We sincerely hope that you will accept our invitation.
Looking forward to your reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【導語】本篇書面表達屬于應用文。要求考生給外教Jim寫封郵件，邀請他擔任線上英語演講比賽的評委。
【詳解】1.詞匯積累
演講：speech → address
比賽：competition→contest
主題：topic→ theme
真誠地：sincerely→genuinely
2.句式拓展
簡單句變復合句
原句：I’m Li Hua, a student of Senior Two.
拓展句：I’m Li Hua, who is a student of Senior Two.
【點睛】【高分句型1】I am writing to invite you to be the judge of our English speech competition, which will be held on March 12th online.（運用了which引導的非限制性定語從句）
【高分句型2】We sincerely hope that you will accept our invitation.（運用了that引導的賓語從句）

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