?2023北京懷柔高一（上）期末
英 語
本試卷共7頁，100分。考試時長90分鐘?？忌鷦毡貙⒋鸢复鹪诖痤}紙上，在試卷上作答無效。考試結束后，將本試卷和答題紙一并交回。
第一部分：知識運用（共兩節(jié)，30分）
第一節(jié) 完形填空（共10小題；每小題1.5分，共15分）
閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。
When I look back at the first half of the year, I am amazed by how many challenges I have been through. But the biggest one was definitely my high school graduation ___1___.
When I first arrived in the Czech Republic (捷克) four years ago, I was just a normal exchange ___2___ who spoke only English. Then at the end of the year-long exchange program, I came up with the idea of ___3___ my high school studies there.
At that time, I was only sixteen and delighted by my new future. But I didn’t realize the ___4___ of completing school in the Czech language, which is considered to be one of the most popular ___5___ in the world. As I lacked (缺少) ___6___ of certain subjects, I received the worst marks and people around doubted whether I could graduate. However, I practiced all the time. Gradually, I could communicate with others fluently and my ___7___ grew.
The final exam day came. Thinking about everyone who had helped and supported me along my journey, I felt ___8___ and confident.
In May, I received notice that I had ___9___ the exam. At my graduation ceremony, my Czech teacher said very proudly in front of everyone. “One student, she is from China with only three years of learning Czech, she ____10____.”
My journey through high school was finally finished. Though the journey of university is just about to begin, I think I am ready.
1. A. speech B. exam C. present D. custom
2. A. teacher B. expert C. engineer D. student
3. A. finishing B. canceling C. examining D. preparing
4. A. value B. ability C. challenge D. benefit
5. A. places B. music C. songs D. languages
6. A. knowledge B. letter C. luck D. magazine
7. A. money B. fear C. confidence D. worry
8. A. sad B. troubled C. terrible D. encouraged
9. A. passed B. failed C. avoided D. missed
10. A. got away B. broke down C. made it D. calmed down
第二節(jié) 語法填空（共10小題；每小題1.5分，共15分）
A
閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個適當?shù)膯卧~。在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。
My husband was looking___11___our two little nieces. They started crying when my husband cooked lunch. He ran into the room and___12___(see) a small scorpion(蝎子), so my husband picked it up. The older girl said, "Girls can't deal with it." My husband told her, "you never have to be afraid of something only because you’re a gin. You are as smart and strong as any boy.” He held the scorpion's tail with his___13___(finger). The girl asked to hold it. So my husband put it on her hands while he held the tail. She was so proud of___14___(her) that she talked about it until she went to sleep.
B
閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個適當?shù)膯卧~。在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。
Yoga makes you feel___15___( relax) and you feel all “at one" with your body. Smith Farm is now offering people the chance ___16___(do) their daily yoga with goats. In fact, the goats don't actually take part in the yoga. They are more for moral support(精神支持), preventing you from getting bred. "It is a wonderful experience,” says Smith, “It may sound silly but it's truly getting outside in nature with beautiful scenery and lovely animals around you. Animals can ___17___(real) help humans deal with stress, illness or sadness.”
C
閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個適當?shù)膯卧~。在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。
It is easy and very powerful to be kind to those who are kind to you. Yet, to experience the full power of your sincere kindness, offer it to people ___18___ are careless and rude to you. Sure, it is difficult to forgive those who are hurtful lo you. But the way to stop the hurt is by refusing to participate in it. Forgiveness gives you the upper hand. Be the one who is strong, who ___19___(stop) the rudeness. Put the power of kindness ___20___ forgiveness to work for you and your world.
第二部分：閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，38分）
第一節(jié)（共14小題；每小題2分，共28分）
閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。
A
For some of us, the excitement of seeing a performance at a European opera house is just not enough. Fortunately, opera houses throughout Europe open their backstage doors to the public. Take advantage of these opportunities to look behind the scenes of some of the world's great opera houses.
Teatro alla Scala Opera House Tours—Milan
Discover the activities within the opera house on a backstage tour of the La Scala theater in Milan. The tour also includes an overview of the history of the theater and guides you through the auditorium(觀眾席) and the theater boxes.
Paris Opera House Tours—Paris
While it is possible to walk around the public areas of the beautiful Paris Opera House on your own, guided tours are also offered and are led by an English-speaking guide. During the 90- minute tour, you will learn about the theater's history and its architecture. You will also have an opportunity to visit the grand staircase.
Royal Opera House Tours—London
It is one of the most comprehensive of the opera house tours in Europe. The guide at the Royal Opera House takes you through sections of the backstage area to the props (道具) room, where workers build the sets, the costume shop and the ballet studios. There's a chance that you will even catch the ballet dancers backstage in practice in their big ballet studio.
La Fenice Opera House Tours—Venice
Teatro La Fenice in Venice offers a couple of options for visitors. A self-guided tour of the beautiful halls and grounds with a voice guide is available at the box office. Guided tours are also available with an expert that will explain the history of the opera house from its origins to its rebuilding.
21. In which opera house might you be able to see a costume shop backstage?
A. The Teatro alla Scala Opera House B. The Paris Opera House
C. The Royal Opera House D. The La Fenice Opera House
22. What do the above four opera houses have in common?
A. They all offer free guided tours.
B. They all open their backstage areas to the public.
C. They are all free to the public.
D. They are all located in France.
23. Where can we most probably find this text?
A. In a sports magazine B. In an adventure novel
C. In a history book D. On a culture website
B
My family lives in Texas. I was born and brought up in Texas and I am a graduate of the University of Texas. However around my second year in law school, I wanted to make a great change, which was almost unheard of for Texans: I wanted to leave!
I realized this after completing my first-year internship(實習期). I knew I wanted something different and my chance came during the 2011 Super Bowl(橄欖球超級大賽) in Dallas. A snowstorm blanketed the entire city in snow and thousands of people were gathered. I overheard that StubHub, a big company from a great city, San Francisco, was throwing a party next door to my hotel. I thought if I could get an internship, I could leave for the summer and at least see what it was like. Yes, it was a huge leap. I told myself I was ready.
There was just one problem: I wasn’t invited to the StubHub party. But you know I’m the type of person who goes for something she wants. Needless to say, I crashed the party and found my way to the president. I kindly introduced myself and then asked if they had a legal internship program. Guess what? They accepted my request to be a legal intern, even though no such program existed.
The legal department didn’t have a permanent position for me. However, I got many other chances to be a legal intern in other companies. That experience has shaped my life. Working for a great company in San Francisco, I’m incredibly happy for making my decision to leave Texas.
By leaving Texas, I learned that it is so much more rewarding to try the unfamiliar than to stay in the comfort zone. Exploring the unfamiliar is how you’ll understand what fits your life. I say, dive in headfirst.
24. The author was able to leave Texas because__________.
A. she dropped out of the University of Texas
B. she watched the 2011 Super Bowl in Dallas
C. a snowstorm blanketed the entire city in snow
D. she introduced herself to the president of StubHub
25. In the fourth paragraph, what does the underlined word “permanent” mean?
A. suitable B. important
C. long-lasting D. high-respected
26. Which of the following words best describe the author?
A. Patient and honest. B. Smart and humorous.
C. Determined and positive. D. Supportive and energetic.
27. What does the author want to tell us through her experience?
A. You must choose a career that you like.
B. Jumping out of your comfort zone is rewarding.
C. Accepting who you are makes you realize your strengths.
D. You should listen to your family to learn about your potential.
C
A few weeks ago, I sat with a California farmer named Dave Ribeiro. I asked him what he wished to know about farmers. He smiled and said, “That we walk among you. We look like you and talk like you. We have advanced degrees and hobbies, just like you.”
Take Dave for example: He's a young man with a music degree. And if you walked past him on the street, you'd never think, “There goes a farmer.”
Is someone like Dave who you picture when you think of a farmer? Probably not. I think that most people would picture a man in his overalls(工作服). I can tell you, that does not represent Dave or any of the many other farmers I have gotten to know.
Not only do we have to throw out our previous impression of farmers, but farming as a whole doesn't look much like it used to either. We recently sent a team out to see what modern farming looks like, and they found farmers to be completely different from our usual ideas about them and also came across them in some unexpected places.
In a parking lot in a neighborhood of Brooklyn, they met a new crop of young farmers who were trying to bring fresh greens closer to eaters in the city by growing them in high-tech indoor vertical(垂直的) farms. In a Florida field under the fight path of an airport, they discovered farmers with university degrees growing plants that might someday fuel our cars. And in a modern farm in California, they observed how farmers were using technology to take the best possible care of their animals.
These farmers all spend their days in very different ways—none of them looks like the previous farmer we have in our mind—but they're all working on new ways to feed our planet. Not only do we need to change our idea of what farming looks like, but we also need to change our view of where solutions can come from. Feeding all of us is going to take all of us working together.
28. How does Dave describe today's farmers?
A. They often walk on the street. B. They are leading a very busy life.
C. They are similar to ordinary people. D. They have little time to make friends.
29. How does the author think most people see farmers?
A. They usually wear overalls. B. They have interesting hobbies.
C. They are skilled at growing crops. D. They know modern farming practices.
30. What was the purpose of the team?
A. To deepen connections among farmers.
B. To study different technologies in farming.
C. To find the new developments of modern farming.
D. To encourage farmers to use new farming method.
31. What do the farmers mentioned in Paragraph 5 have in common?
A. They all work in the city.
B. They all use high technology.
C. They all do hard physical work.
D. They all work with universities.
D
Enjoy the challenge of a new term
The new term is finally here, which means, of course, it’s time to return to school.
For many students across China, that also means having to leave home for the next several months and move into a school dormitory.
Being away from our family for a long time, however, often leads to homesickness, a feeling that most students have experienced at some point.
A study by the UK’s National Union of Students found that up to 70 percent of UK students living away from home experience homesickness within their first few weeks of being away.
But homesickness isn’t just a feeling of sadness that happens in our mind; it can also affect us physically.
“You feel homesickness in your stomach—it’s an unease in which you feel uncomfortable, nervous, stressed because you’re in a place or situation that’s not familiar,” Joshua Klapow, a professor of public heath at the University of Alabama, us, told HuffPost.
According to Klapow, the body reacts physically when it’s placed in an unknown situation such as being separated from one’s familiar surroundings for a long time.
“It’s an evolutionary (進化) thing that makes us protect ourselves from danger when something is unknown,” he told the HuffPost.
“When we think about home, we know that the sense of unknown … is not happening there, so we want to return.”
So, how can we overcome these physical reactions?
Ruth Hardy of the Guardian offered advice for students who are feeling the effects of being away from the safety of home.
“Try and establish routines (常規(guī)) quickly. This can make your new environment feel more stable and will hopefully make you feel more settled,” she wrote.
Making friends with others who are in your situation is also a great way to feel less homesick, according to Hardy.
The most important thing to remember, however, is that homesickness is completely normal and is nothing to be ashamed of.
And once it’s gone, you’re free to enjoy the adventures and challenges of a brand new school year.
32. The study by the UK’s National Union of Students is mentioned to ________.
A. show how homesickness causes harm to students
B. prove it’s common for students to feel homesick
C. introduce some causes of homesickness
D. show how all young people are troubled by homesickness
33. What can we learn about homesickness?
A. It’s only a feeling in our mind.
B. It usually disappears after a few weeks.
C. It has a physical influence on our body.
D. It always happens once we visit an unfamiliar place.
34. How does Hardy suggest people deal with homesickness?
A. Take part in as many activities as possible.
B. Talk about your problems with your friends.
C. Get into a routine as early as possible.
D. Avoid seeing things related to your home life.
第二節(jié)（共 5小題；每小題2分，共10分）
根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的七個選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。選項中有兩項為多余選項。
How old is “old”?
How old is “old”? ___35___ More than two hundred years ago, you were old at 35. That was the average life then. At the turn of the 20th century, as medical knowledge advanced, the average life span (長度) increased to 45. In 1950, 70-year-olds were really old. Today, a healthy 70-year-old is looking forward to many more active years.
So, how old is old? The answer is one you’ve heard many times, from all sorts of people. “You are as old or young as you feel!” The calendar (日歷) simply tells you how many years you have lived. ___36___
Once an unknown author wrote, “Youth is not a time of life but it is a state of mind. Nobody grows old by living a number of years. ___37___”
___38___ Alice Brophy, when she was with the New York City commission for the Aging, said, “It upsets me when people say, ‘Gee, you look young for your age!’ What does that mean? Is there some model that you’re supposed to look a certain way at 65 and 75 and 85? You know you can die old at 30 and live young at 80.”
There are many wrong ideas about aging. ___39___ Here are some of the more common ones. For example, most older people are in poor health, or older people are unable to change.
A. Old is a point of view.
B. It’s extremely terrible to be grown old.
C. The answer has changed over the years.
D. Your body tells you how well you’ve lived.
E. Older people are stubborn, unable to change.
F. People grow old by giving up their goals.
G. These ideas stereotype (固化) people on the basis of age.
第三部分：書面表達（共兩節(jié)，32分）
第一節(jié)（共4小題，每小題3分，共12分）
閱讀下面短文并按要求完成閱讀任務。請將答案書寫在答題紙相應位置。
Most cultures have a festival of light. Each culture celebrates this festival in a different way. There is one thing that is the same, however, and this is the wish for peace and happiness in the world.
The Jewish Festival of Light is called Hanukkah. Hanukkah usually takes place in December. The story of why Hanukkah is celebrated is very old. It is told that a very long time ago, Jewish people called the Macabees were at war with a country called Syria. On the day that the Macabees won the war, they cleaned up their holy place, which is called a temple, because the Syrian people had been living there. They wanted to light their holy lamps to say thank you for the end of the war, but found only a very small amount of oil left over to do that. The Macabees lit the lamps anyway, thinking that they would soon go out. The lamps kept burning for eight days! The Jewish people celebrate Hanukkah every year by lighting a candlestick that has eight candleholders. Every night a new candle is lit so that on the eighth night, all eight candles stand together. Presents are given at this time and money is given to the poor.
Lanterns are another form of light. In China, lanterns are famous works of art. The Lantern Festival goes back more than 2,000 years to the Qin Dynasty. It takes place on the 15th day of the Chinese New Year, bringing the New Year season to a close. During the festival, parks become a sea of lanterns. Sometimes streets are blocked off and lanterns are put down on each side to make a hallway of lanterns. People also hang lanterns in their gardens, outside their houses or on boats. The lanterns are made in many shapes, sizes and colours. They are usually made from silk, paper and plastic. Some are even made from ice. It is believed that these lanterns will guide visitors and the spirits of ancestors to the celebrations. The Lantern Festival is a time for families, young and old to spend together. Every New Year the wish is the same—peace and happiness to all.
40. What’s the same with the festivals of light in different cultures? (不超過11個單詞)
41. Why do the Jewish light a new candle every night during the festival? (不超過12個單詞)
42. What festival brings an end to the new year season? (不超過5個單詞)
43 What is the purpose of this article? (不超過8個單詞)
第二節(jié)(20分)
44. 假設你是紅星中學高一學生李華，你的英國筆友Jim計劃今年來中國過春節(jié)，發(fā)郵件向你詢問有關春節(jié)的習俗。請你給他回復郵件，內(nèi)容包括：
1．表示歡迎；
2．介紹春節(jié)的習俗（大掃除、看春晚、吃餃子、收紅包等）；
3．建議他準備保暖衣物。
注意：
1．詞數(shù)100左右；
2．開頭和結尾已給出，不計入總詞數(shù)。
Dear Jim,
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua

參考答案
第一部分：知識運用（共兩節(jié)，30分）
第一節(jié) 完形填空（共10小題；每小題1.5分，共15分）
【答案】1. B 2. D 3. A 4. C 5. D 6. A 7. C 8. D 9. A 10. C
【解析】
【導語】這是一篇記敘文。文章介紹了作者在捷克努力學習，最終通過考試的故事。
【1題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：但最大的一次考試肯定是我的高中畢業(yè)考試。A. speech演講；B. exam考試；C. present禮物；D. custom習俗。根據(jù)上文“I am amazed by how many challenges I have been through”和下文“In May, I received notice that I had ___9___ the exam.”可知，作者最大的挑戰(zhàn)是畢業(yè)考試。故選B。
【2題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：四年前，當我第一次來到捷克共和國時，我只是一個只會說英語的普通交換生。A. teacher老師；B. expert專家；C. engineer工程師；D. student學生。根據(jù)“I came up with the idea of ___3___ my high school studies there.”可知，作者是個學生。故選D。
【3題詳解】
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：在為期一年的交換項目結束時，我萌生了在那里完成高中學業(yè)的想法。A. finishing完成；B. canceling取消；C. examining檢查；D. preparing準備。根據(jù)下文“But I didn’t realize the ___4___ of completing school in the Czech language”可知，作者想要在那里完成高中學業(yè)。故選A。
【4題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：但我沒有意識到用捷克語完成學業(yè)的挑戰(zhàn)，捷克語被認為是世界上最流行的語言之一。A. value價值；B. ability能力；C. challenge挑戰(zhàn)；D. benefit益處。根據(jù)上文“I am amazed by how many challenges I have been through.”可知，此處是信息詞challenge的詞匯復現(xiàn)。故選C。
【5題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A. places地點；B. music音樂；C. songs歌曲；D. languages語言。which引導非限制性定語從句，指代Czech language，此處表示捷克語被認為是世界上最流行的語言之一。故選D。
【6題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：由于我缺乏某些學科的知識，我得到了最差的分數(shù)，周圍的人懷疑我是否能畢業(yè)。A. knowledge知識；B. letter信；C. luck運氣；D. magazine雜志。根據(jù)下文“I received the worst marks and people around doubted whether I could graduate.”可知，作者由于缺乏某些學科知識，導致成績差，不知能否畢業(yè)。故選A。
【7題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：漸漸地，我可以流利地與人交流，我的信心也增加了。A. money錢；B. fear害怕；C. confidence自信；D. worry擔心。根據(jù)上文“However, I practiced all the time.”和下文“Gradually, I could communicate with others fluently”可知，作者的自信心加強了。故選C。
【8題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：想到一路上幫助和支持我的每一個人，我感到鼓舞和自信。A. sad難過的；B. troubled麻煩的；C. terrible可怕的；D. encouraged感到鼓舞的。根據(jù)“Thinking about everyone who had helped and supported me along my journey”可知，作者受到許多支持者、幫助者的鼓舞。故選D。
【9題詳解】
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：在五月，我收到通知，我已經(jīng)通過了考試。A. passed通過；B. failed失敗；C. avoided避免；D. missed錯過，思念。根據(jù)下文“At my graduation ceremony, my Czech teacher said very proudly in front of everyone.”可知，作者收到考試通過的通知。故選A。
【10題詳解】
考查動詞短語辨析。句意：“有一個學生，她來自中國，只學了三年捷克語，她成功了?！盇. got away離開；B. broke down分解，出故障；C. made it獲得成功；D. calmed down冷靜。根據(jù)“In May, I received notice that I had ___9___ the exam.”可知，作者最終通過了考試，獲得了成功。故選C。
第二節(jié) 語法填空（共10小題；每小題1.5分，共15分）
【答案】11. after
12. saw 13. fingers
14. herself
【解析】
【分析】這是一篇記敘文。本文主要講的是“我”丈夫在照看兩個小侄女時，因為一只小蝎子兩個女孩哭叫起來，在丈夫的鼓勵下，大侄女勇敢地嘗試拿一下這只蝎子，她為自己感到驕傲，一直談論到睡覺。
【11題詳解】
考查固定短語。句意：我丈夫正在照顧我們的兩個小侄女。根據(jù)后文，我的丈夫跑進屋內(nèi)查看發(fā)生了什么事情，可知丈夫是在照顧兩個小侄女。look after照顧，是固定短語，故填after。
【12題詳解】
考查時態(tài)。句意：他跑進房間，看見一只小蝎子，所以我丈夫把它撿了起來。see和ran into是并列的謂語動詞，因此應該使用一般過去時，故填saw。
【13題詳解】
考查名詞的數(shù)。句意：他用手指握住蝎子的尾巴。根據(jù)常識判斷，丈夫用手握住蝎子的尾巴，應該是使用不止一只手指，因此finger要使用復數(shù)形式，故填fingers。
【14題詳解】
考查反身代詞。句意：她為自己感到自豪，一直談論到睡覺。侄女對“自己”感到很自豪，因此使用反身代詞，故填herself。
【答案】15. relaxed
16. to do 17. really
【解析】
【分析】這是一篇說明文。本文主要講的是每天與山羊一起做瑜伽，實際上是讓你在自然環(huán)境中到處走走，欣賞周圍美麗的風景和可愛的動物，以幫助人類應對壓力，疾病或悲傷。
【15題詳解】
考查形容詞。句意：瑜伽會讓你感覺到放松。feel是聯(lián)系動詞，后面應該接形容詞作表語，relax（放松）是動詞，它的形容詞是relaxed（放松的），故填relaxed。
【16題詳解】
考查不定式。句意：這個農(nóng)場現(xiàn)在提供人們和山羊一起做瑜伽的機會。chance（機會）后面用不定式短語作后置定語，chance to do表示“做某事的機會”，故填to do。
【17題詳解】
考查副詞。句意：動物真正地可以幫助人類處理壓力、疾病或者是悲傷的情感。此處應該使用副詞修飾動詞help作狀語，real（真的）是形容詞，它的副詞是really，故填really。
【答案】18. who/that
19. stops 20. and
【解析】
【分析】這是一篇說明文。本文主要講的是友善的力量，發(fā)揮善意的力量為每個人服務。
【18題詳解】
考查定語從句。句意：但是，要體驗你真誠的善意的全部力量，請將善意提供給對你粗心和無禮的人。people是定語從句的先行詞，此處應該填入關系代詞代替people在從句中作主語，故填who或that。
【19題詳解】
考查主謂一致。句意：做一個堅強，阻止粗魯?shù)娜?。根?jù)第一個who引導的定語從句，可知第二個定語從句中的時態(tài)為一般現(xiàn)在時，并且who指代先行詞the one在從句中作主語，謂語動詞應為單數(shù)，故填stops。
【20題詳解】
考查連詞。句意：用善良和寬恕的力量為你服務。kindness（善良）和forgiveness（原諒）是并列的兩個名詞，故填and。
第二部分：閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，38分）
第一節(jié)（共14小題；每小題2分，共28分）
【答案】21. C 22. B 23. D
【解析】
【分析】這是一篇應用文。文章介紹了四個歌劇院為觀眾開放后臺區(qū)域，觀眾可以利用這些機會來了解世界上一些偉大歌劇院的幕后故事。
21題詳解】
細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段The guide at the Royal Opera House takes you through sections of the backstage area to the props (道具) room, where workers build the sets, the costume shop and the ballet studios.可知，皇家歌劇院的導游帶您穿越后臺區(qū)域的各個部分進入道具室，在那里工作人員會制作布景，在后臺設置服裝店和芭蕾舞工作室。因此根據(jù)第四段的標題可知，你可能在Royal Opera House看到布置在后臺的服裝店。故選C。
【22題詳解】
細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段Fortunately, opera houses throughout Europe open their backstage doors to the public.可知，整個歐洲的歌劇院向公眾敞開了歌劇院后臺的大門。因此，這四個歌劇院的共同點是它們都向公眾開放后臺區(qū)域。故選B。
【23題詳解】
推理判斷題。文章介紹了四個歌劇院為觀眾開放后臺區(qū)域，觀眾可以利用這些機會來了解世界上一些偉大歌劇院的幕后故事，這是與文化藝術有關的話題。因此，我們最可能在一個有關文化方面的網(wǎng)站上找到這樣的文章。故選D。
【答案】24. D 25. C 26. C 27. B
【解析】
【分析】這是一篇記敘文。作者想要離開出生和長大的地方——德克薩斯州，想做出一個巨大的改變，文章講述了作者是如何得到離開的機會的。她用親身經(jīng)歷告知我們：跳出你的舒適區(qū)是值得的。
【24題詳解】
細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中Needless to say, I crashed the party and found my way to the president. I kindly introduced myself and then asked if they had a legal internship program. Guess what? They accepted my request to be a legal intern, even though no such program existed.不用說，我混進了聚會，找到了見總裁的路。我熱情地介紹了自己，然后問他們是否有法律實習項目。你猜怎么著？他們接受了我成為一名法律實習生的請求，盡管當時還沒有這樣的項目。可知，作者能夠離開德克薩斯是因為作者自己向StubHub的總裁做了自我介紹，得到了一個工作。故選D項。
【25題詳解】
詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第三段最后一句They accepted my request to be a legal intern, even though no such program existed.他們接受了我成為一名法律實習生的請求，盡管當時還沒有這樣的項目。以及第四段中劃線詞所在句The legal department didn’t have a permanent position for me. 法律部沒有給我________職位。由實習生可推斷作者沒有得到一個長期的職位，因此可猜測劃線詞permanent意為“長期的，永久的”。故選C項。
【26題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中However, around my second year in law school, I wanted to make a great change, which was almost unheard of for Texans: I wanted to leave!然而，在我法學院的第二年，我想做一個巨大的改變，這對德州人來說幾乎是聞所未聞的：我想離開德克薩斯州！可知，作者是一個有決心的人；以及第三段中But you know I'm the type of person who goes for something she wants. 但你知道我是那種追求自己想要的東西的人。 可知，作者是那種努力追求自己想要的東西的人，積極向上。因此，可以判斷作者是一個有決心果斷而又積極向上的人。故選C項。
【27題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段By leaving Texas, I learned that it is so much more rewarding to try the unfamiliar than to stay in the comfort zone. Exploring the unfamiliar is how you’ll understand what fits your life. I say, dive in headfirst. 離開德克薩斯后，我認識到，嘗試不熟悉的東西比呆在舒適的地方更有意義。探索不熟悉的事物是你如何理解什么適合你的生活。我說，一頭扎進去?？芍髡哂米约旱慕?jīng)歷中告知我們：跳出你的舒適區(qū)是值得的。故選B項。
【答案】28. C 29. A 30. C 31. B
【解析】
【分析】這是一篇說明文。文章講述了現(xiàn)代的農(nóng)民采用高科技從事農(nóng)業(yè)活動，農(nóng)民的形象已經(jīng)不再是人們過去認為的樣子了。
【28題詳解】
細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段中He smiled and said, “That we walk among you. We look like you and talk like you. We have advanced degrees and hobbies, just like you.”可知，他說：“我們在你們中間行走。我們看起來像你，說話像你。就像您一樣，我們擁有高級的學位和愛好，因此Dave認為今天的農(nóng)民和普通人一樣，C 項符合題意。故選C。
【29題詳解】
細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段中Is someone like Dave who you picture when you think of a farmer? Probably not. I think that most people would picture a man in his overalls(工作服)可知，當您想到一個農(nóng)民時，您會想到他們會是像戴夫（Dave）這樣的人嗎？可能不會。我認為大多數(shù)人會通過工作服來想象一個人，因此在作者看來大多數(shù)人會認為農(nóng)民常穿工作服，A 項符合題意。故選A。
【30題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段We recently sent a team out to see what modern farming looks like可知，我們派出了一個小組來考察現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)的面貌，這與C項（尋找現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)的新發(fā)展）的描述相符。故選C。
【31題詳解】
細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第五段中a new crop of young farmers who were trying to bring fresh greens closer to eaters in the city by growing them in high-tech indoor vertical(垂直的) farms; farmers with university degrees growing plants that might someday fuel our cars; farmers were using technology to take the best possible care of their animals.可知，調查小組發(fā)現(xiàn)農(nóng)民在高科技的室內(nèi)垂直農(nóng)場中種植新鮮蔬菜；農(nóng)民擁有大學學位，種植的植物有朝一日可以為我們的汽車加油。一個現(xiàn)代化農(nóng)場中，農(nóng)民利用技術來盡可能地照顧好動物，因此這些農(nóng)民的共同點在于他們都使用了高科技來從事現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)工作，B 項符合題意。故選B。
【點睛】如何回答細節(jié)理解題？
提問文章細節(jié)的選擇題一般針對文章中某個特定細節(jié)或涉及若干細節(jié)。一般來說，圍繞文章細節(jié)的命題大部分題目都可以在原文中找到答案，或者需要稍微變通一下，尋找文中關鍵詞的同義詞或釋意，這是表層理解。有的則需要加以分析、推斷、計算；具備一定的背景知識；通過某種暗示、語法關系或人物關系來判斷，這是深層理解。例如小題4，通過第五段中a new crop of young farmers who were trying to bring fresh greens closer to eaters in the city by growing them in high-tech indoor vertical(垂直的) farms; farmers with university degrees growing plants that might someday fuel our cars; farmers were using technology to take the best possible care of their animals. 這幾句對于農(nóng)民的描述，可總結出農(nóng)民的共同特點是在從事現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)工作時使用高科技，這需要考生進行總結歸納。
【答案】32. B 33. C 34. C
【解析】
【導語】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了大多數(shù)學生在離開家一段時間后會有想家的感覺，但是想家是完全正常的，不要感到羞恥?？朔诉@種感受，你就可以自由地享受全新的學年。
【32題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“A study by the UK’s National Union of Students found that up to 70 percent of UK students living away from home experience homesickness within their first few weeks of being away.(英國全國學生聯(lián)合會(National Union of Students)的一項研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，高達70%的離家在外的英國學生在離家的前幾周會想家。)”可知，提到英國全國學生聯(lián)合會的研究是為了證明學生想家是很正常的，故選B。
【33題詳解】
細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段“But homesickness isn’t just a feeling of sadness that happens in our mind; it can also affect us physically.(但是想家不僅僅是一種發(fā)生在我們腦海中的悲傷的感覺；它還會影響我們的身體。)”可知，想家對我們的身體有影響。故選C。
【34題詳解】
細節(jié)判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第四段“Try and establish routines (常規(guī)) quickly. This can make your new environment feel more stable and will hopefully make you feel more settled(試著快速建立日常常規(guī)。這會讓你的新環(huán)境感覺更穩(wěn)定，也有希望讓你感覺更安定)”可知，Hardy建議人們盡早建立日常常規(guī)來應對思鄉(xiāng)之情。故選C。
第二節(jié)（共 5小題；每小題2分，共10分）
【答案】35. C 36. D 37. F 38. A 39. G
【解析】
【導語】本文是一篇議論文，主要論述的是到底多少歲算老，其實這和心態(tài)有關。
【35題詳解】
空格前的“How old is “old”?（“老”是多少歲？）”是一個問題，因此空格處給出回答，C選項“The answer has changed over the years.（多年來，答案一直在變化。）”中的“The answer”和前面的問題相承接，因此C選項承接上文，符合語境，故選C。
【36題詳解】
空格前說““You are as old or young as you feel!” The calendar (日歷) simply tells you how many years you have lived.（“你覺得自己年輕還是老，你就有多年輕!”日歷只是告訴你你活了多少年。）”，接下來應說到自己是年輕還是老是由除了日歷以外的東西來告訴你的，D選項“Your body tells you how well you’ve lived.（你的身體告訴你你過得有多好。）”說明了身體狀況會告訴你你是年輕還是老，因此D選項承接上文，符合語境，故選D。
【37題詳解】
空格前說“Nobody grows old by living a number of years.（沒有人會因為活了幾年而變老。）”，F(xiàn)選項“People grow old by giving up their goals.（人因放棄目標而變老。）”在句式上和前面一致，形成句式上的重復，且在語義上和上文相互承接，因此F選項符合語境，故選F。
【38題詳解】
空格后說“Alice Brophy, when she was with the New York City commission for the Aging, said, “It upsets me when people say, ‘Gee, you look young for your age!’（愛麗絲·布羅菲(Alice Brophy)在紐約市老齡化委員會工作時表示，“當人們說，‘哎呀，你看起來比實際年齡年輕!）”，這說明老只是人們的一種觀點，A選項“Old is a point of view.（老是一種觀點。）”正好說明了這一點，因此A選項符合語境，故選A。
【39題詳解】
空格前說“There are many wrong ideas about aging.（關于衰老有許多錯誤的觀點。）”，G選項“These ideas stereotype (固化) people on the basis of age.（這些觀念因年齡而使人產(chǎn)生成見。）”中的“These ideas”指代前面的“wrong ideas”，因此G選項承接上文，符合語境，故選G。
第三部分：書面表達（共兩節(jié)，32分）
第一節(jié)（共4小題，每小題3分，共12分）
【答案】40. The wish for peace and happiness in the world
41. To ensure all eight candles stand together on the eighth night
42. The Lantern Festival
43. To introduce festivals of light from two cultures
【解析】
【分析】這是一篇記敘文。許多文化中都有慶祝光明的節(jié)日，文章中介紹了猶太人的光明節(jié)和中國的元宵節(jié)。
【40題詳解】
根據(jù)第一段最后一句“There is one thing that is the same, however, and this is the wish for peace and happiness in the world.”可知，各個文化中慶祝光明的節(jié)日有一點是相同的，也就是對于世界和平和福祉的祈愿?？梢該?jù)此回答為：The wish for peace and happiness in the world。
【41題詳解】
根據(jù)第二段倒數(shù)第二句“Every night a new candle is lit so that on the eighth night, all eight candles stand together.”可知，每晚點亮一支新蠟燭是為了保證在第八天晚上，全部八支蠟燭能齊亮?？梢該?jù)此回答為：To ensure all eight candles stand together on the eighth night。
【42題詳解】
根據(jù)第三段第二、三句“The Lantern Festival goes back more than 2,000 years to the Qin Dynasty. It takes place on the 15thday of the Chinese New Year, bringing the New Year season to a close.”可知，正是元宵節(jié)宣告了中國新年的結束。可以據(jù)此回答為：The Lantern Festival。
【43題詳解】
根據(jù)文章首句“Most cultures have a festival of light.”并結合全文內(nèi)容可知，該篇文章就是在以猶太人的光明節(jié)和中國的元宵節(jié)為例，介紹不同文化中的慶祝光明的節(jié)日?？梢該?jù)此回答為：To introduce festivals of light from two cultures
第二節(jié)(20分)
44. 【答案】參考答案：
Dear Jim
I am so delighted to hear from you. Welcome to spend the Spring Festival in China!
There are some interesting customs during the Spring Festival. We do a thorough cleaning before the festival and put paper cutting on windows to decorate the room. Usually, we stay up to watch the Spring Festival Gala. Children will receive red-bags and family will eat dumplings together. There are also some other activities, such as dancing or setting off fireworks.
Normally, the weather during the festival is rather cold, so you’d better take some warm clothes.
I’m sure you will have a good time and spend a wonderful festival. Looking forward to your coming.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【分析】本篇書面表達屬于告知信。要求考生給英國筆友Jim回信，給他介紹與春節(jié)有關的習俗。
【詳解】1.詞匯積累
高興的：delighted → pleased/glad
在……期間：during → in
全面的：thorough → complete
極好的：wonderful → excellent/super
2.句式拓展
原句：Usually, we stay up to watch the Spring Festival Gala.
拓展句：Usually, we stay up to watch the Spring Festival Gala, which is usually a feast for our eyes.
【點睛】[高分句型1] Usually, we stay up to watch the Spring Festival Gala.(運用了動詞不定式作目的狀語)
[高分句型2] I’m sure you will have a good time and spend a wonderful festival. (運用了省略連詞的賓語從句)

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2023北京密云高一（上）期末英語（教師版）
2022-2023學年北京市懷柔區(qū)高一（上）期末英語試卷(含答案解析)

2022-2023學年北京市懷柔區(qū)高一（上）期末英語試卷(含答案解析)
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