第2講　形容詞、副詞和比較等級考點1　形容詞和副詞的基本用法1. 形容詞的基本用法(1)形容詞在句中可作定語、表語、賓語補(bǔ)足語、主語補(bǔ)足語、狀語等。As a unique part of Chinese culture，Chinese characters have a long history and various ways of creating new characters and expressing plentiful meanings.作為中國文化獨一無二的部分，中國漢字歷史悠久，以各種方式創(chuàng)造新的漢字，表達(dá)豐富的內(nèi)涵。Although it doesn't taste of anything special, it's still worth a try.盡管它嘗起來沒有任何特殊的地方，但是還是值得一試。Conditions were so bad that it was impossible for the police to find the trail again.天氣狀況太差，警察想再找到蹤跡是不可能的。(2)形容詞作狀語主要表示原因、結(jié)果或伴隨等，其邏輯主語必須與句子主語保持一致。Flushed and breathless, she bounded in through the gate.她滿臉通紅，氣喘吁吁，從大門口蹦蹦跳跳地跑了進(jìn)來。常見的以-ly結(jié)尾的形容詞：friendly, lovely, lively, lonely, elderly, deadly 等。2. 副詞的基本用法(1)副詞主要用來修飾動詞、形容詞、其他副詞或修飾整個句子，表示時間、地點、程度、方式等。In China, it is a virtue and tradition to respect our teachers, who unselfishly help us to gain much knowledge.在中國，尊敬我們的老師是一種美德和傳統(tǒng)，他們無私地幫助我們獲得了很多知識。Live as though you intended to live forever, and work as though your strength were limitless.要這樣生活，仿佛你壽命永恒，要這樣工作，仿佛你精力無窮。(2)?？嫉倪B接性副詞：though“然而，可是”(用于句末); meanwhile“在此期間”； therefore/thus/consequently“因此，所以”； moreover/furthermore“而且，此外”； besides“另外，還有”； however“然而”； instead“相反，代替”； anyway/anyhow“盡管，即使這樣”； otherwise“否則”。The young man couldn't afford a new car. Instead, he bought a used one.那個年輕人買不起新車，便買了一輛二手的。The house was too expensive and too big. Besides, I'd grown fond of our little rented house.這個房子太貴、太大了。而且，我已經(jīng)越來越喜歡我們租的這間小屋了。易用錯的幾類副詞(1)意義有別的同根副詞。如：free(免費地)/freely(自由地), hard(努力地)/hardly(幾乎不), late(晚，遲)/lately(最近), most(很，最)/mostly(主要地), fair(公平地)/fairly(相當(dāng)?shù)?/span>), near(臨近)/nearly(幾乎)等。(2)有些副詞有兩種形式：以-ly結(jié)尾時表示抽象意義；與形容詞同形的表示具體意義。如：close接近/closely密切地； wide寬地/widely廣泛地； high高地/highly高度地； deep深地/deeply深深地。考點2　形容詞和副詞的比較等級1. 比較級和最高級的構(gòu)成(1)規(guī)則變化變化規(guī)則例詞單音節(jié)的詞一般在后面加-er和-esttall→taller→tallestquick→quicker→quickest以“輔音字母＋e”結(jié)尾的詞，在后面加-r和-stlate→later→latestpale→paler→palest以“輔音字母＋y”結(jié)尾的詞，將y改為i，再加-er和-estearly→earlier→earliestheavy→heavier→heaviest以一個輔音字母結(jié)尾的重讀閉音節(jié)詞，要雙寫這個輔音字母，再加-er和-estthin→thinner→thinnesthot→hotter→hottest其他雙音節(jié)和多音節(jié)的詞都在前面加more和mostcareful→more careful→most careful 有少數(shù)幾個雙音節(jié)以及-ow, -er, -le結(jié)尾的詞，既可以加-er和-est，又可以加more和most構(gòu)成比較級和最高級。?？嫉脑~：narrow, common, clever, simple, quiet, stupid等。(2)不規(guī)則變化good/well→better→best; bad/ill→worse→worst; many/much→ more→most; far→farther/further→farthest/furthest; little→less→least; old→older/elder→oldest/eldest2. 比較等級的用法(1)同級比較①as＋adj./adv. (原形)＋as ... “和……一樣”；not as/so＋adj./adv. (原形)＋as ... “和……不一樣”Since people are fond of humour, it is as welcome in conversation as anywhere else.因為人們喜歡幽默，所以在談話中或其他任何地方它都是受歡迎的。②當(dāng)as ... as結(jié)構(gòu)中有名詞時，可用以下結(jié)構(gòu)：as＋形容詞原級＋a(n)＋n.＋as ...as＋many＋可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)＋as ...as＋much＋不可數(shù)名詞＋as ...I'm not a little tired today after giving the room a thorough cleaning and I have never had as tiring a day as today.今天對房間進(jìn)行了大掃除之后我很累，我從來沒有過比今天更累的一天了。(2)比較級“形容詞/副詞比較級＋than”表示“兩者中一方比另一方更……”?！?/span>less＋形容詞/副詞原級＋than”結(jié)構(gòu)，表示“一方不及另一方……”。I know my elder sister better than anyone else.我比其他任何人更了解我姐姐。修飾比較等級的副詞：much, even, still, far, yet, a little, a lot, a bit, rather, any等。more, very等副詞不可修飾比較級。(3)最高級①表示三者或三者以上的比較，常見的結(jié)構(gòu)：“the＋最高級＋表示比較范圍的短語或從句”，表示“……是……中最……的”。The voyage was led by Zheng He, the most important Chinese adventurer of all time and one of the greatest sailors the world has ever known.鄭和統(tǒng)帥了這次遠(yuǎn)航，他是中國歷史上最重要的探險家，也是舉世聞名的最偉大的航海家之一。Tom is content with the watch. It is the best gift he has ever got.湯姆對這塊表很滿意。這是他得到的最好的禮物。②最高級的其他表達(dá)法：否定詞＋比較級比較級＋than＋any other＋單數(shù)名詞比較級＋than＋all the other＋復(fù)數(shù)名詞比較級＋than＋any of the other＋復(fù)數(shù)名詞比較級＋than anything/anyone elseYour story is perfect. I've never heard a better one before.你的故事太完美了。我以前從來沒有聽過比這更好聽的故事。The Yangtze River is longer than any other river/than all the other rivers/than any of the other rivers in China.長江比中國的其他任何一條河都長。有些詞本身就有最高級含義，不能再用最高級形式，常見的有：favourite，wonderful，exhausted等；有些詞本身有比較級含義，故不與than連用，如be senior to等。(4)含有比較等級的特殊句型①the＋adj./adv.比較級， the＋adj./adv.比較級 “越……，越……”②adj./adv.比較級＋and＋adj./adv.比較級“越來越……”③the＋adj.比較級＋of the two＋名詞“某人或某物是兩者中較……的那個”④no more than“僅僅”， not more than“至多；不超過”⑤more ... than ... “與其說……不如說……”⑥no＋比較級＋than “和……一樣不……”⑦not＋比較級＋than “不比……更……”⑧倍數(shù)句型A is＋倍數(shù)＋比較級＋than＋BA is＋倍數(shù)＋as＋原級＋as＋BA is＋倍數(shù)＋the＋名詞(size, length, height等)＋of＋BThe more positive an article, the more likely it is to be shared.一篇文章越積極樂觀，就越有可能被分享。The electronic waste is increasing three times faster than traditional garbage as a whole.總的來說，電子廢棄物正以傳統(tǒng)垃圾三倍的速度增加。More and more people realise the importance of learning a foreign language well.越來越多的人認(rèn)識到學(xué)好一門外語的重要性。考點3　形容詞和副詞的詞性轉(zhuǎn)換形容詞和副詞的詞形變化及詞性轉(zhuǎn)換是形容詞和副詞的考查熱點。如果用來修飾名詞或在系動詞后作表語，應(yīng)用形容詞形式；如果用來修飾形容詞、副詞、動詞或整個句子，則應(yīng)用副詞形式。正確分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，判斷設(shè)空處在句中所作的句子成分，并牢記形容詞變副詞的規(guī)則，是解答此類題目的關(guān)鍵。【技巧點撥】語法填空五謹(jǐn)記1. 看到空格處修飾的是名詞，  要想到用形容詞。2. 看到空格處修飾的是動詞、形容詞、副詞或整個句子，  要想到用副詞。3. 看到與than連用，  要想到用形容詞或副詞的比較級。4. 看到and,  or,  but等并列連詞前或后用的比較級，  要想到用比較級。5. 看到語境中暗含比較含義，  要想到用比較級(兩者之間)或最高級(三者及三者以上)。 Ⅰ. 單句語法填空1. (2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)The amazing thing about the spring is that the colder the temperature gets, the hotter (hot) the spring! Strange, isn't it? 2. (2021·全國甲卷)After spending some time looking at all the defensive equipment at the wall, we decided it was time for some action and what better (good) than to ride on a piece of history!3. (2021·浙江卷1月)But 30 years later, the BMI difference between urban and rural people in many countries had narrowed sharply (sharp)．4. (2020·全國Ⅲ卷)One day the emperor wanted to get his portrait (畫像) done so he called all great artists to come and present their finest (fine) work, so that he could choose the best.5. (2020·全國Ⅱ卷)The beautiful (beauty) long branches covered with pink-colored buds (蓓蕾) make fantastic decorations.Ⅱ. 語法填空(2021·河北張家口宣化一中模擬)Travelling abroad is gaining more 1. popularity (popular). Therefore, in order to leave a good impression on foreign people and avoid getting 2. yourself (you) into trouble, it is important to know the things that you should never do when you are visiting another country. In Japan, don't tip anyone. Tipping is just not part of 3. the culture. If you leave the tip on the table, they will come running after you with it. Do not enter some certain places  4. with your shoes on. For example, some 5. traditional (tradition) Japanese restaurants require you to take off shoes before 6. entering/entry (enter). Just follow suit and you won't go wrong. When you're in Russia, never give even number of flowers as a gift. That's for dead people. A proper bouquet (花束) should consist of flowers with the number like 1, 3, 5, 7, etc. In some holy places like temples in India, trousers or dresses 7. that/which show  anything above the ankles are considered unacceptable and therefore 8. officially (official) banned. This 9. applies (apply) to both sexes. If you're in Singapore, don't feed birds, bring pets into public places, or eat or drink on public transport. All of these actions will get you 10. fined (fine)．Ⅲ. 寫作運用根據(jù)漢語提示補(bǔ)全作文， 注意形容詞和副詞的運用。Good morning, dear judges. I'm Candidate No.1. My name is Li Hua and I come from Class 11, Grade Three. I think 1. I am the perfect person (我是最適合的人) for the Young Ambassador for Cultural Exchange.Firstly, 2. I'm fluent in English (我的英語很流利). It 3. will make the communication between our honoured friends and us much easier (會使我們尊敬的朋友和我們之間的交流更容易). Moreover, as a big fan of traditional Chinese culture, 4. I don't think there is anyone who could be more suitable than me (我認(rèn)為沒有人比我更合適了) to introduce our culture to foreign friends. In addition, 5. my outgoing and enthusiastic personality makes me get along well with people quickly and easily (我開朗熱情的性格使我能快速與人融洽相處). So, dear judges, please trust me. I'm the very person you are looking for. 

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這是一份北師大版高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)第2講形容詞、副詞的比較等級課時學(xué)案，共4頁。學(xué)案主要包含了形容詞比較等級的規(guī)則變化，形容詞比較等級的不規(guī)則變化等內(nèi)容，歡迎下載使用。

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譯林版高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)第2講形容詞、副詞的比較等級課時學(xué)案：

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