Unit 10 語法篇 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________熟練掌握本章重點語法知識。There be句型There be句型的基本用法是表示“某地（或某時）有某人（或某物）”，其形式為“Therebe＋代詞或名詞（短語）＋地點／時間狀語”。這里there是引導(dǎo)詞，沒有詞義，be是謂語動詞，代詞或名詞（短語）是主語。be要與主語保持人稱和數(shù)的一致。否定句是在be后加not；一般疑問句是將be放在句首；反意疑問句中的簡短問句是由“be（或其否定式）＋there”構(gòu)成。例如：1．There is a desk and two chairs in the room．（緊挨著be動詞的主語是a desk，是單數(shù)，故be的形式要用is）2．There aren't two chairs and a desk in the room．（否定句）3．Is there anything wrong with your ears？（Yes，there is．／No，there isn't．）4．There wasn't a meeting yesterday，was there？（反意疑問句）除此之外，還有一個重要句式“有某人在做某事”，要用“There be ＋sb．＋doing sth．＋地點／時間狀語”。
例如：There are several children swimming in the river．河里有幾個孩子在游泳。There be 結(jié)構(gòu)中常見的時態(tài)有如下幾種情況：通過上表可知：各種時態(tài)的變化是通過 be動詞的變化來體現(xiàn)的。至于你提到的兩個句子我們先不考慮對錯，首要的問題是弄清楚There be與have所表示的意義。There be句型表示“存在”關(guān)系，have表示“所屬”關(guān)系，兩者不能混合在一個句子中。例如，要說“明天有一個班會。”（1）There will have a class meeting tomorrow．（×）（2）There is going to／will be a class meeting tomorrow．（√）有時候既表示“存在”又表示“所屬”時兩種都可以用。例如：Class Three have a map of China on the wall．（“地圖”為三班學(xué)生所有）There is a map of China on the wall in Class Three．（“地圖”存在于三班）由此看來，There will have是錯誤的。復(fù)習There be句型時除了掌握基礎(chǔ)知識外，還應(yīng)注意以下問題：1．There be句型的考查更多的是將be動詞與主語結(jié)合在一起進行的，即主謂的一致性。例如：（1）There is _____ on the floor．（2）There are _____ on the floor．選項：A．cat B．water C．boxes D．football解析：（1）由is可知主語應(yīng)是可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞，而A、D項中都缺少冠詞a，故選B，同理可知（2）應(yīng)選C。2．如果作主語的是一個短語，則常常考查短語中的修飾語。可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式前可以用any，som e，few，a few，m any或用數(shù)詞 ＋hundred／thousand／million，hundreds／ thousands／millions of，no等修飾；不可數(shù)名詞可以受any，some，no，little，a little，much等詞的修飾。例如：（1）There were _____ students in our school．A．hundreds B．eight hundred C．eight hundreds of（2）There is _____ water．You needn't get some more．A．few B．little C．much解析：（1）由數(shù)詞與名詞的搭配關(guān)系可知選B，（2）由water可知排除A項，再由后一句意思便知選C。3．注意不定代詞的用法。（1）不定代詞在句中作主語，謂語動詞要用單數(shù)形式。例如：There is nothing in the fridge．（2）不定代詞受形容詞修飾時要放在形容詞的前面。例如：There is something interesting in today's newspaper．4．There be句型的反意疑問句，要注意陳述部分的形式。如果陳述部分含有little，few，no，nobody，none等否定詞時，后面的簡短問句中要用肯定形式。例如：There is nobody in the room，is there？但有的含有否定意義的形容詞修飾不定代詞時則仍看作肯定句式。例如：There is something unusual in the room，isn't there？5．要注意句子前后意思的一致性。    有的句子單獨看其意義時，可能不止一個選項適合于它，但如果聯(lián)系上下句的意思則只能有一個恰當?shù)倪x項。例如：（1）There is _____ food．You needn't buy any．（2） There is _____ food．You have to buy some．（A．any B．some C．no）從這兩題中的第一個句子來看均可選用some和no，但與后面的句意結(jié)合看，答案則是唯一的：（1）B，（2）C。There be句型命題趨向有兩個方面：一是進一步加強對知識的理解與運用方面的考查。例如be動詞與主語的一致性、名詞或代詞的修飾語、搭配關(guān)系、含否定詞的反意疑問句等。二是有可能出現(xiàn)“有某人在做某事”這一句型，即“There be ＋sb．＋doing sth．＋地點／時間狀語”。  1．There are few _____ in the fridge．Let's go and buy some peas，carrots and cabbages．A．vegetables   B．fruit     C．meat    D．eggs2．Look！There are some _____ on the floor．A．child    B．water    C．boxes    D．girl3．There _____ an English Evening next Tuesday．A．was     B．will be    C．will have    D．are going to be4．There _____ a football game in our school．A．has     B．will have    C．will be5．There is _____ food here．We'll have to buy some．A．any     B．some    C．no 基礎(chǔ)演練一、單項選擇（共5小題；共5.0分） 1. --- Could you give me                  money?--- Sorry. I don't have                  with me. A. some; anyB. little; someC. any; someD. little; any 2. Do you know how many                  a horse has and how many                  a bee (蜜蜂) has? A. teeth; feetB. tooth; footC. tooth; feetD. teeth; foot 3. How many                  can you see in the picture? A. sheepsB. sheepC. treeD. child 4.                  some juice and milk in our fridge(冰箱). A. There haveB. There areC. There hasD. There is 5. --- Would you like to come to my birthday party?---                 . A. Yes, I'd likeB. Yes, I'd love to C. No, I'd not likeD. I don't like to二、按要求轉(zhuǎn)換句型（共5小題；共10.0分） 6. People would like to eat long noodles on their birthday. (對劃線部分提問)                                  people                                   eat on their birthday? 7. Here is a sandwich for you. (改為復(fù)數(shù)形式)Here                                   for you. 8. There are some trees in front of the library. (改為一般疑問句，并作否定回答)---                                                    trees in front of the library?---                 ,                                  . 9. I want a medium bowl of noodles, please. (對劃線部分提問)                                  bowl of noodles                  you                 , please?10. I would like to listen to music. (改為一般疑問句)                 you                                   listen to music?  鞏固提高三、翻譯(根據(jù)中文提示完成句子)（共5小題；共5.0分）11. 你想要哪種面條？                                                   noodles would you like?12. 我想要中碗的牛肉西紅柿面。I would like a                                   of noodles                  beef and                 .13. --- 你在學(xué)校有些朋友嗎？--- 是的，我有一些外國朋友。 --- Do you have                  friends at school? --- Yes, I have                  foreign friends.14. 你聽什么種類的音樂？                                                                    do you listen to?15. --- 你愿意加入我們嗎？--- 是的，我愿意。---                                                                     join us?--- Yes,                                                   . 一、單項選擇（共5小題；共5.0分） 1. Would you like some                 ? A. noodleB. porridgesC. potatoD. juice 2. I often eat some                  and                  for breakfast. A. eggs; breadB. egg; breadC. eggs; breadsD. egg; breads 3. I would like to have                 . A. two glasses of juiceB. two glass of juice C. two glasses of juicesD. two glass of juices 4. --- What can you see in the bowl?---                 . A. Much meatsB. Some meatC. Some meatsD. Meats 5. I have twelve                  and thirteen                 . A. potato; tomatoB. potatos; tomatos C. potatoes; tomatoesD. potatoes; tomato二、完形填空（共10小題；共15.0分）    How many         6         of Chinese food do you know? I'd like         7         you some specials.            8        1 is noodles. There are many kinds of noodles in China, like rolled noodles, pulled noodles, knife-cut noodles and fried noodles. All of them         9         great.    Special 2 is         10        . I think you must know         11        . Do you know the famous Kung Fu Panda cartoon movie? There are         12         kinds of Chinese specials in the movie: noodles and fried(油煎的) dumplings.         13         we also have another dumplings—boiled(水煮的) dumplings. We often eat boiled dumplings         14         the Spring Festival.    I like Chinese food very much. I hope you         15         like it. 6.A. kindB. kindsC. sizeD. sizes 7.A. tellB. tellsC. to tellD. telling 8.A. FoodB. DrinkC. FruitD. Special 9.A. isB. amC. beD. are10.A. dumplingB. dumplingsC. hamburgersD. cakes11.A. themB. theyC. itD. me12.A. someB. manyC. twoD. second13.A. AsB. OrC. SoD. But14.A. duringB. underC. onD. of15.A. tooB. alsoC. eitherD. very __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________三、閱讀理解（共10小題；共20.0分）A Dessert House    We have three kinds of desserts: small, medium and large. A small dessert with strawberries, bananas and ice-cream is 10 RMB. A medium dessert with apples, tomatoes and cheese is 12 RMB. A large dessert with pears, potatoes and ice-cream is fifteen RMB.    Welcome to our house.Noodle House    We have some great specials. Special 1 is chicken and cabbage noodles, and the large bowl is just 4 RMB and the small 2 RMB. Special 2 is mutton and carrot noodles, and the large bowl is only 5 RMB and the small 2.5 RMB. Special 3 is beef and potato noodles. The large bowl is 4 RMB and the small 2 RMB. Special 4 is tomato and egg noodles. The large bowl is only 3 RMB and the small 1.5 RMB. Large drink is only 5 RMB. And all the fruits are free.    Come and get your noodles today!16. If you have 30 RMB, you can buy                  kind(s) of desserts. A. threeB. twoC. oneD. four17. Today we order a large dessert, two small bowls of mutton and carrot noodles and a large bowl of tomato and egg noodles. We need to pay                  RMB. A. 26B. 20C. 23D. 2418. Nancy likes desserts very much but she doesn't eat tomatoes or potatoes. She can eat                 . A. a large dessertB. a medium dessert C. a small dessertD. A and C19. Paul and his sister Emma go to Noodle House. Paul wants a large bowl and Emma wants a small bowl. They only have 6 RMB and Emma doesn't eat eggs or beef. They can eat a large bowl of                  noodles and a small bowl of                  noodles. A. mutton and carrot, tomato and egg B. chicken and cabbage, mutton and carrot C. tomato and egg, beef and potato D. beef and potato, chicken and cabbage20. The two ads are mainly about different                 . A. foodsB. drinksC. fruitsD. snacksB KFCTel: 62550011Address: 28 Bridge StreetOpen: 9:00 a.m.-11:00 p.m.Food: fried chicken, French fries, hamburgers, porridgeDrink: coke, coffee, milk, juiceDessert: ice-creamSoup: vegetable soups  Big Pizza (比薩餅)Tel: 88819056Address: 102 Ting StreetOpen: 9:30 a.m.-12:00 p.m.Food: beef pizza, mutton pizza, fruit pizza, vegetable pizzaDrink: coffee, milk, fruit juiceDessert: ice-creamSoup: Italy(意大利) soups21. If you'd like hamburgers, you can                 . A. go to Big PizzaB. call 62550011 C. call 88819056D. go to 102 Ting Street22. What can't you have in Big Pizza? A. French fries.B. Milk.C. Juice.D. Soups.23. What can you have at 11:30 p.m.? A. French fries.B. Porridge.C. Pizza.D. Hamburgers.24. Where can you eat ice-cream? A. In KFC.B. In Big Pizza.C. In Italy.D. A & B25. What is KFC's address? A. 102 Ting Street.B. 28 Ting Street. C. 28 Bridge Street.D. 102 Bridge Street.

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