高中北師大版 (2019)Unit 7 ArtLesson 1 Masterpieces獲獎(jiǎng)ppt課件

這是一份高中北師大版 (2019)Unit 7 ArtLesson 1 Masterpieces獲獎(jiǎng)ppt課件，共60頁(yè)。
UNIT 7 ARTLESSON 1　MASTERPIECES　
LESSON 1　MASTERPIECES
ACTIVATE AND SHARE
1 What do you see in the following paintings? Use the phrases below to help you. Do you like them? What are the names of the three paintings?
a thin figure a lonely treea house lit by lights from inside
white and yellow circlesa sleeping village
an amazing sky a dark stormy sea
The Starry Night The Scream The Empire of Light
READ AND EXPLORE
2 Read the descriptions of the three paintings. Underline the name of each painting and its artist. Find out what each painting is about.
3 Read the three descriptions again. Use the diagram below to help you take notes. Then talk about each painting.
The Starry Night : The night sky with clouds，stars and a moon. What he saw from the window He thought it was a failure.
The Scream:A thin figure with an expression of fear. His experience of walking with friends
The Empire of Light:A beautiful house lit by lights from inside，surrounded by the darkness of night. His thoughts and ideas. The change between day and night in the paintngs was surprising.
4 Pair Work Sort the expressions into the correct columns. Use them to practise introducing the paintings.
3，6，10 1，2，4，9 5，7，8
5 Look at the three paintings and read the first paragraph of each description. Do they have anything in common? If so，underline the words and expressions in the descriptions that show their common features. Explain your opinions.
The words and expressions in the descriptions? the massive circles of white and yellow racing across the sky? a burning orange-red sky? a daytime sky full of brightness? a dark，lonely tree? a dark，stormy sea? the darkness of nightEach painting is focused on the artist’s interpretation of nature，especially the aspects of the sky. All three paintings paint the sky with bright colours and the darkness in each one manifests a typical feature.
6 What’s your opinion of the three paintings after reading the descriptions? Do you like or dislike them more? Give your reasons. 7 Group Work Suppose you are a volunteer at an art exhibition. Introduce one of the three paintings to the visitors.
FOCUS ON LANGUAGE:NOUN CLAUSES
8 Pair Work Read the sentences. Answer the questions. 1 Van Gogh painted what he saw from his window. 2 What makes it striking is that it shows a thin figure with an expression of fear. 3 What is strange is that above the house and the tree，we see a daytime sky full of brightness and soft white clouds. 4 Some feel that the paintings look dark and troubling. Which sentence is an example of： a a subject clause，or a noun clause that acts as the subject of the sentence b an object clause，or a noun clause that acts as the object of the sentence c a predicative clause，or a noun clause that acts as the predicative of the sentence
1 b 2 a & c 3 a & c 4 b
9 Combine the two expressions using a subject clause，an object clause or a predicative clause. Then write a complete sentence.
Example It is hard to believe　　 Van Gogh only sold one painting during his lifetime It is hard to believe that Van Gogh only sold one painting during his lifetime.1 The reason why Magritte painted this way 　　 He wanted to challenge how people see the world2 Looking at the painting，we don’t know 　　 It is night or day3 The fact remains 　　 Munch’s The Scream is one of the best-known paintings ever made4 It is unclear 　　 Van Gogh wanted to paint yellow spots or that was what he really saw
It is unclear whether Van Gogh wanted to paint yellow spots or that was what he really saw.
The reason why Magritte painted this way was that he wanted to challenge how people see the world.
Looking at the painting，we don’t know whether it is night or day.
The fact remains that Munch’s The Scream is one of the best known paintings ever made.
10 Rewrite the underlined sentences in the following paragraph using noun clauses.
1 What made Xu Beihong important in modern Chinese art was that he developed the Tradition of combining poetry with painting. （主語(yǔ)從句、表語(yǔ)從句）2 The reason why he held several exhibitions in Asia and Europe was that he wanted to promote Chinese art.（表語(yǔ)從句）3 The reason why it is a favourite of many art lovers is that it was painted so skilfully with dark and light colours. （表語(yǔ)從句）
EXPRESS YOURSELF
11 Group Work Read the quotes. Discuss the features of good paintings. A man paints with his brain and not with his hands. —Michelangelo，an Italian painter Painting is silent poetry，and poetry is painting that speaks. —Simonides of Ceos，a Greek poet Good painting is like good cooking；it can be tasted ，but not explained. —Maurice de Vlaminck，a French painter
課文結(jié)構(gòu)圖解
課文結(jié)構(gòu)圖解
Ⅰ 閱讀理解 （根據(jù)課文內(nèi)容選擇正確答案）1. What can’t be found in Van Gogh’s The Starry Night? A. Clouds. B. Circles. C. Stars. D. Bridges.2. According to the experts，what leads to Van Gogh’s unusual use of colour? A. His sense of sight. B. Drugs. C. His unusual talent. D. His life experience.3. In Edvard Munch’s opinion，what was the inspiration for him to create The Scream? A. A shocking disaster. B. One journey with his friends. C. His mental health. D. The beautiful scene in the country.4. Which of the following words can’t be used to describe The Empire of Light when people enjoy it? A. Dark. B. Troubling. C. Convincing. D. Calming.
○
○
○
○
課堂整體閱讀習(xí)題
課堂整體閱讀習(xí)題
Ⅱ 語(yǔ)法填空（根據(jù)課文內(nèi)容和語(yǔ)法規(guī)則完成短文）　　The Starry Night was painted by Van Gogh when he was 1　　　　（mental） ill. He painted clouds，stars as well as the 2　　　　（mass） circles of white and yellow 3　　　?。╮ace） across the sky. The Starry Night is now one of the world’s most famous 4 　　　　 （painting）.　　What makes The Scream striking is that it shows a thin figure 5　　　　 an expression of fear. The figure 6　　　?。╯et） on a bridge above a dark，7　　　?。╯torm） sea. Many experts say the painting is connected to Munch’s mental health problems，8　　　　 caused him a lot of pain.　　The Empire of Light is a series of paintings by René Magritte. It shows a house 9　　?。╨ight） by lights from inside，10　 　　?。╯urround） by the darkness of night. Viewers have different reactions towards the paintings.
mentally
massive
racing
paintings
with
is set
stormy
which
lit
surrounded
Language points
核心詞匯教材原句 p.8 a thin figure 一個(gè)瘦弱的人形1 figure n. & vt.（1）n. 人像，人形；人物；人影；身材；（常用復(fù)數(shù)）數(shù)字；圖形the figure in the background背景中的人物a historical figure 歷史人物a leading/key/central figure 領(lǐng)軍 / 關(guān)鍵 / 核心人物a tall figure in a hat 一個(gè)戴帽子的高個(gè)子人影have a good figure 身材好keep/lose one’s figure 保持身材 / 身材走樣watch one’s figure 注意保持身材unemployment/sales/trade figures失業(yè) / 銷(xiāo)售 / 貿(mào)易數(shù)字a six-figure salary 六位數(shù)的薪水a(chǎn) five-sided figure 五邊形
題組練·領(lǐng)悟方法
題組練·領(lǐng)悟方法
題組練·領(lǐng)悟方法
（2）vt. 認(rèn)為，以為；計(jì)算 figure（that）... 認(rèn)為……搭配 figure out 弄清楚；弄明白；計(jì)算出 figure in 把……算在內(nèi)/ 包括在內(nèi)I figure（that）Anna is a good girl. 我認(rèn)為安娜是個(gè)好女孩。I can’t figure out why he refused the job offer.我不明白他為什么拒絕了這份工作邀請(qǐng)。Have you figured in the cost of the hotel?你把酒店的費(fèi)用算進(jìn)去了嗎？
◆單句語(yǔ)法填空（1） Could you help me figure 　　　　　 the difficult problem?（2） It is difficult to figure 　　　　　 why she let out the information to our competitor.（3）We didn’t figure 　　　　　 so many people at the party last night.◆寫(xiě)出下列句中figure 的含義（4） The latest figures show that women make up around 8% of the engineers in the UK. ________（5） Susan has a good figure and I envy her very much. ________ 　　　?。?） Last night he saw two dark figures enter the building. 　　　　 ________（7） He is one of the most beloved public figures in China. 　　　　 ________（8） I figure that your father will be back before Mid-Autumn Festival. 　　　　 ________◆完成句子（9） If you don’t understand anything，you may research，study，and talk to other people until you 　　　　　　　（把它弄清楚）.
out
out
in
數(shù)字
身材
人影
人物
認(rèn)為
figure it out　
教材原句p.8 His unusual use of colour has led experts to think... 他對(duì)色彩的運(yùn)用很不尋常致使專(zhuān)家們認(rèn)為……2 lead sb to do sth 致使/ 引導(dǎo)某人做某事His actions lead us to distrust him. 他的行為使我們不相信他。I was led to think that he lied to me. 我被引導(dǎo)認(rèn)為他對(duì)我撒了謊?！練w納拓展】lead to 引起，導(dǎo)致；通向，通往（to 是介詞，后接名詞、代詞或動(dòng)名詞）lead sb in doing sth 帶領(lǐng)某人做某事lead up to 是……的先導(dǎo)；是導(dǎo)致……的原因Eating too much sugar can lead to health problems. 吃太多糖會(huì)導(dǎo)致健康問(wèn)題。They carefully studied those events leading up to the First World War.他們仔細(xì)地研究了導(dǎo)致第一次世界大戰(zhàn)的那些事件。
◆單句語(yǔ)法填空（1） What was it that led you 　　　　?。╰hink）that I had taken the money away?（2） Failure often lies in laziness while hard work　　　　?。╨ead）to success.◆完成句子（3） She 　　 　　　　　　　　?。◣ьI(lǐng)她的團(tuán)隊(duì)研制）the anti-cancer drug.（4） Climate change is warming the oceans and melting polar ice，　　　　?。▽?dǎo)致） rises in sea levels.　
to think
leads
led her team to develop/in developing
leading to
教材原句 p.8 ...Van Gogh’s mental illness may have affected his sense of sight. ……凡·高的精神疾病可能影響了他的視力。3 affect vt. 影響；（感情上）深深打動(dòng)，使悲傷；（疾?。┣忠u，使感染affect his sense of hearing 影響他的聽(tīng)力affect one’s heath/work/life 影響某人的健康 / 工作/生活be affected by heat/cold 中暑 / 著涼The crops were seriously affected by the bad weather. 莊稼受到了糟糕天氣的嚴(yán)重影響。We were deeply affected by his story. 我們被他的故事深深打動(dòng)了。His left lung was affected. 他的左肺被感染了。
◆詞語(yǔ)積累effect n. 影響；結(jié)果；效應(yīng)have an effect on（=affect）對(duì)……有影響in effect 實(shí)際上，事實(shí)上bring/put...into effect 使生效，實(shí)施take effect 開(kāi)始起作用；生效，開(kāi)始實(shí)施come into effect 生效，開(kāi)始實(shí)施Smoking has a bad effect on health. 吸煙對(duì)健康有不好的影響。The new law takes effect from tomorrow. 新法令明日起生效。
◆單句語(yǔ)法填空（1）With the government’s aid，those 　　　　?。?affect） by the earthquake have moved to the new settlements.（2） If one wants to stay healthy，he should exercise instead of taking medicine，which actually 　　　　　 （affect） people’s health.（3） Good books have had an effect 　　　　　 me since my childhood.◆完成句子（4） All the students 　　　　　　　　　?。ㄉ钌罡袆?dòng)）by his speech and were determined to study hard to serve our motherland. （5） These developments　　　　　　 （對(duì)……有持久的影響）a child’s ability to learn and to succeed in school and life.（6） The medicine was starting to 　　　　　?。?起作用） and the pain eased.
affected
affects
on
were deeply affected
have a lasting effect on　
take effect
教材原句p.8 He also took a drug that can make people see yellow spots... 他還服用過(guò)一種藥物，可以讓人看到黃色斑點(diǎn)……4 spot n. & vt.（1）n. （圓）點(diǎn)；斑點(diǎn)；污漬；地點(diǎn)，場(chǎng)所 on the spot 當(dāng)場(chǎng)，馬上；在現(xiàn)場(chǎng) put sb on the spot（提出難題）使某人尷尬a black skirt with white spots 一條黑底白點(diǎn)的裙子a few spots of blood 一些血漬He answered the question on the spot. 他當(dāng)場(chǎng)回答了那個(gè)問(wèn)題。Reporters were on the spot within a few minutes.幾分鐘后記者就趕到了現(xiàn)場(chǎng)。The interviewer’s questions really put him on the spot.采訪(fǎng)者的問(wèn)題使他很下不來(lái)臺(tái)。（
搭配
（2）vt. 發(fā)現(xiàn)；注意到；看出 spot sb doing sth 發(fā)現(xiàn)某人正在做某事搭配 spot that... 發(fā)現(xiàn)…… be spotted with 滿(mǎn)是……斑點(diǎn)The teacher spotted him cheating in the examination.老師發(fā)現(xiàn)他考試作弊。His shirt was spotted with oil.他的襯衣上滿(mǎn)是油點(diǎn)。【誤區(qū)警示】spot 用作動(dòng)詞時(shí)，其過(guò)去式、過(guò)去分詞均為 spotted。spotted 也可作形容詞，意為“有花點(diǎn)的，有斑點(diǎn)的”。如：a spotted dog 一條斑點(diǎn)狗。
◆單句語(yǔ)法填空（1）We will go to Mount Tai，one of the most famous tourists 　　　　　（spot） in China.（2） The travellers finally spotted smoke　　　　?。╟ome） out of the houses in the distance， which made them very excited.（3） When the man was trying to break into the bank，he was caught by the police 　　　the spot.（4） Mira rather put the boss 　　　 the spot by asking him when he was going to give us a pay rise.◆完成句子（5） He 　　　　　　　　（ 被發(fā)現(xiàn)躺在）under the shade of a tree.（6） The police were 　　　　　?。ㄔ诂F(xiàn)場(chǎng)）within a few minutes after the old man’s phone call.（7） When he was running in the rain，his shoes　　　　　　　　（滿(mǎn)是……斑點(diǎn)）mud.
spots
coming
on
on
was spotted lying
on the spot
were spotted with
教材原句p.8 He also thought The Starry Night was a failure.他還認(rèn)為《星空》是一幅失敗的作品。5 failure n. ［C］失敗的人或事物；［U］失??；故障；衰竭 end/result in failure 以失敗告終搭配 admit/accept failure 承認(rèn)/ 接受失敗 failure to do sth 未能做某事He was a failure as a teacher. 他當(dāng)教師并不成功。The whole thing was a complete failure. 整個(gè)事情徹底失敗了。The launch ended in failure. 發(fā)射以失敗告終。Bob was too proud to admit failure. 鮑勃很驕傲，不肯認(rèn)輸。a power failure 停電；電力故障Failure to keep the chemical at the right temperature could lead to an explosion. 這種化學(xué)品保存在不合適的溫度下有可能會(huì)發(fā)生爆炸。
◆詞語(yǔ)積累fail v. 失敗；未做到；不及格；（健康、視力、記憶等）衰退fail to do sth 未能做某事 fail in sth 在某事中失敗【學(xué)法點(diǎn)撥】failure 作“失敗”講時(shí)為抽象名詞，是不可數(shù)名詞，但作“失敗的人或事物”講時(shí)，是可數(shù)名詞，這種用法叫抽象名詞具體化。再如：a success 一個(gè)成功的人或一件成功的事，a surprise 一件令人驚奇的事，a pleasure 一件樂(lè)事，a pity 一件遺憾的事。
◆單句語(yǔ)法填空（1） The success or 　　　?。╢ail）of the plan depends on you.（2） I don’t think the experiment is 　　 failure，because it has provided us with valuable experience for future tests.（3） Her failure 　　　　?。╮eturn） her phone call made her realise that something was wrong.（4） Alice failed 　　　　?。╬ass） the driving test last weekend.（5） I failed in 　　　　 ?。╬ersuade） her to change her mind.◆完成句子（6）In the film，Jackson was considered to be 　　　　　　　?。ㄒ粋€(gè)社會(huì)失敗者）.（7） I don’t think I’m a failure, for 　 　　　　　　　　（失敗是成功之母）.　
failure
a
to return
to pass
persuading
a social failure
failure is the mother of success
教材原句p.9 The Scream was painted by Edvard Munch in 1893.《吶喊》是愛(ài)德華·蒙克于1893 年創(chuàng)作的。6 scream n. & v.（1）n. 尖叫，尖叫聲搭配：let out a scream發(fā)出尖叫聲a scream of laughter/terror/rage/pain 歡笑/ 驚恐/ 憤怒/ 痛苦的尖叫聲Why did she let out a scream of pain? 她為何發(fā)出了痛苦的尖叫聲？（2）vi. & vt. 高聲喊出scream in terror 嚇得尖叫一聲 scream with laughter 尖聲歡笑scream with excitement 興奮地喊叫 scream out her name 高聲呼喊她的名字scream for help 高聲呼救 scream at sb to go away 大聲叫喊讓某人走開(kāi)a screaming baby 尖聲哭叫的嬰兒
◆單句語(yǔ)法填空（1）People scream 　　　 fright，in anger and in sudden pain.（2） Little Johnson let out 　　 scream of excitement.（3） The students had their arms in the air and were screaming 　　　 joy.（4） As soon as I saw Jane in the crowd，I screamed 　　 her name.◆完成句子（5） They 　　　 　　　　　　?。饴暁g笑）at her jokes.（6） He was having dinner when he heard someone　　　　　　　　?。ǜ呗暫艟龋?
in
a
with
out
screamed with laughter
screaming for help
教材原句p.9 ...the gure’s mouth is wide open and letting out a powerful scream. ……這個(gè)人像的嘴巴大張，正發(fā)出強(qiáng)烈的尖叫聲。7 let out 發(fā)出（叫聲等）；放走，放掉；把（衣服）放寬，放大let out a scream of terror發(fā)出驚恐的尖叫聲 let me out讓我出去let out the bird 釋放那只鳥(niǎo) let the dress out 把衣服放大【歸納拓展】let alone 更不用說(shuō)，更談不上（用于否定句之后） let sb alone（=leave sb alone）不打擾某人let sb/sth in 允許……進(jìn)入 let sth down 把某物放下來(lái)let sb down 使某人失望let...go（=let go of ...）放開(kāi)，松手；放棄，摒棄（想法、態(tài)度或控制）I don’t want to let my parents down. 我不想讓我的父母失望。Don’t let the rope go. = Don’t let go of the rope. 別松開(kāi)繩子。
◆寫(xiě)出下列句中l(wèi)et out 的含義（1） The girl was frightened to see the snake and she let out a sharp cry. __________________　　　?。?） Please let the bird out，Grandpa. 　　　　 __________________（3） He grows quickly，so his mother has to let out all his clothes. 　 __________________　　　◆單句語(yǔ)法填空（4） Henry got first prize in the exam，and he didn’t let his parents 　　　　　.（5） Let him 　　　??；your brother is going over his lessons for tomorrow’s test.（6）Would you mind me opening the window to let the fresh air 　　　?（7） The baby can’t even sit up yet，let 　　　　　 walk.
發(fā)出（叫聲等）
放走，放掉
把（衣服）放寬，放大
down
alone
in
alone
教材原句 p.9 ...which caused him a lot of pain. ……這給他帶來(lái)了很多痛苦。8 cause vt. & n.（1）vt. 導(dǎo)致，引起；使發(fā)生 cause sb sth（=cause sth to sb）給某人帶來(lái)某事 cause sb/sth to do sth 導(dǎo)致某人/ 某物做某事Do they know what caused the fire?他們知道引起這場(chǎng)火災(zāi)的原因嗎？deaths caused by dangerous driving 危險(xiǎn)駕駛造成的死亡I’m afraid I’m causing you too much trouble.我擔(dān)心會(huì)給你帶來(lái)太多麻煩。The poor harvest caused prices to rise sharply.收成不好導(dǎo)致物價(jià)急劇上漲。
搭配
（2）n. 原因；事業(yè)；理由 cause and effect 因果關(guān)系搭配 the cause of... ……的原因 have（good） cause to do sth 有（充分的）理由做某事They are looking into the cause of the fire. 他們正在調(diào)查起火的原因。His father has good cause to be proud of him. 他的父親有充分的理由為他感到驕傲。a good/common cause崇高的 / 共同的事業(yè)【詞語(yǔ)辨析】cause，reason 與 excuse cause 指某事發(fā)生的原因，常與of 連用 reason 指做某事的原因、理由，常與for 連用 excuse 指為自己的行為所作的辯護(hù)或給出的借口、理由，常與for 連用
◆單句語(yǔ)法填空（1）Your behaviour caused a lot of trouble　　　　 your family.（2）Greenhouse gases are widely believed to be causing the Earth’s atmosphere　　 　 （heat）up.（3） It rained heavily in the south，　　　?。╟ause）serious flooding in several provinces.（4） Listening to loud music at rock concerts　　　　　（cause）hearing loss in many teenagers in the past years.（5） The lack of eco-friendly habits among the public is thought to be a major cause 　　　global climate change.（6）The reason 　　　 the disaster was engine failure，not human error.（7） What’s your excuse 　　　　being late this time?◆完成句子（8） In effect，loss of sleep can make you look tired，and even 　　　　 　?。ㄊ鼓? 增加體重）.（9） 　　　　　　　?。ㄒ蚬P(guān)系）is one way to explain things that happen around us.
to
to heat
causing
has caused
of
for
for
cause you to gain weight
Cause and effect
教材原句 p.9 Between 1953 and 1954，he painted the same scene 27 times. 1953 年至 1954 年間，同樣的場(chǎng)景他畫(huà)了27 次。9 scene n. 景色，景象；（戲劇中的）一場(chǎng)；場(chǎng)景，場(chǎng)面；發(fā)生地點(diǎn)，現(xiàn)場(chǎng) behind the scenes 秘密地，在幕后搭配 on the scene 到現(xiàn)場(chǎng) at the scene 在現(xiàn)場(chǎng)a delightful rural scene賞心悅目的鄉(xiāng)村景色scenes of everyday life日常生活的情景the scene of the accident/crime事故 / 犯罪現(xiàn)場(chǎng)Two policemen were on the scene within ten minutes.兩名警察10 分鐘內(nèi)就到了現(xiàn)場(chǎng)。
【詞語(yǔ)辨析】scene，scenery，view 與 sight 易混詞 辨析 例句scene 是scenery 的一部分， We saw a happy scene of children playing in the park. 多包括其中的人物及 我們看到了孩子們?cè)诠珗@玩耍的快樂(lè)場(chǎng)景。 活動(dòng)，是可數(shù)名詞scenery 指某一地區(qū)的總的自然 They stopped at the top of the hill to admire the scenery. 景色，是不可數(shù)名詞 他們?cè)谏巾斏贤Ａ讼聛?lái)，欣賞風(fēng)景。view 指從某個(gè)角度，尤其是 You will get a better view of the town from the top of the hill. 從遠(yuǎn)處或高處看到的景色 從山頂上你會(huì)看到更好的城鎮(zhèn)景色。sight 指“風(fēng)景，名勝”，常用 We visited the sights of Beijing. 復(fù)數(shù)形式，多指人文景觀 我們參觀了北京的名勝。
◆單句語(yǔ)法填空（1） I called the police and they were 　　　the scene within ten minutes.（2） If you had been 　　 the scene，what would you have dealt with the incident?（3） Mr Yang supported us behind the 　　　　?。?scene）.◆選詞填空（scene/scenery/view/sight）（4）We spent a week in Rome looking at all the 　　　　.（5） He photographed a wide range of street 　　　　.（6） The beautiful 　　　　 in the mountain attracted all of us.（7） One of the advantages of living on the top floor of a high building is that you can get a good 　　　　.（8） The seaside reminds me of many joyful　　 　 of my vacation.（9） Switzerland is well-known for its impressive mountain 　　　　.
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教材原句p.9 The Empire of Light has produced different reactions in viewers. 觀看者對(duì)《燈之王國(guó)》的反應(yīng)不同。10 reaction n. 反應(yīng) produce/bring a reaction 產(chǎn)生/ 帶來(lái)一種反應(yīng)搭配 a reaction to 對(duì)……的反應(yīng) in reaction to 作為對(duì)……的反應(yīng)When it rains，plants have a reaction similar to panic. 當(dāng)下雨時(shí)，植物有類(lèi)似于恐慌的反應(yīng)。What was his reaction to the news? 他對(duì)這個(gè)消息有何反應(yīng)？A spokesman said the changes were not in reaction to the company’s recent losses. 一位發(fā)言人說(shuō)，這些變動(dòng)不是針對(duì)公司最近的損失而作出的反應(yīng)?！粼~語(yǔ)積累react vi. 作出反應(yīng)；起化學(xué)反應(yīng) react to 對(duì)……作出反應(yīng)（to 是介詞）react against 反對(duì)，反抗 react with 與……起化學(xué)反應(yīng)
◆單句語(yǔ)法填空（1） Most film directors can have a proper　　　　?。╮eact）to public opinion on their films.（2） Shock is a natural reaction 　　　　such bad news.（3） Local residents have reacted angrily　　　 the news.（4） Children tend to react 　　　　　 their parents by going against their wishes.（5） Iron reacts 　　　 water and air to produce rust.（6） How do you react 　　 the paintings in the exhibition?
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教材原句p.9 As for Magritte himself，he thought that the change between day and night in the paintings was surprising. 就馬格利特本人而言，他認(rèn)為畫(huà)作中白天和黑夜之間的變化令人驚訝。11 as for 至于，就……而言As for Helen herself，love is the most important.就海倫本人而言，愛(ài)是最重要的。As for the cost，you don’t have to care about it.至于費(fèi)用問(wèn)題，你不必在意?！練w納拓展】“至于，關(guān)于”的多種表達(dá)：as for/to as regards in/with regard to in respect of with respect to
◆單句語(yǔ)法填空（1） You have a bed；as 　　　　　 him，he’ll have to sleep on the floor.（2） 　　　　 for you，I never want to see you here again.（3） There is no problem 　　　　 regards the financial arrangements.（4） In respect 　　　　 your request，I am not able to agree.（5） 　　　　 respect to your other proposals，I am not yet able to tell you our decision.
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教材原句 p.10 Do they have anything in common? 它們有任何共同點(diǎn)嗎？12 have...in common（with）（與……）有……共同之處have 的賓語(yǔ)通常有以下幾種形式：have much/a lot in common （with）（與……）有許多共同之處have something/little/nothing in common（with）（與……）有一些/ 幾乎沒(méi)有/ 沒(méi)有共同之處Helen has a lot in common with Susan. 海倫與蘇珊有很多共同之處。They have little in common，but they get along well with each other.他們幾乎沒(méi)有共同之處，但他們彼此相處得很好?！練w納拓展】in common with 與……一樣 have something/nothing to do with 與……有關(guān)/ 無(wú)關(guān)Martin，in common with most people，believed that the story was true.馬丁和大多數(shù)人一樣，相信這個(gè)故事是真實(shí)的。In the evening he likes to read books that have nothing to do with his work. 在晚上，他喜歡讀與工作無(wú)關(guān)的書(shū)。
◆單句語(yǔ)法填空（1） My views have a lot in common 　　　　hers.（2） They refuse to communicate because they simply don’t have much 　　　 common.（3） In common 　　　 his brother，her Tom is into playing basketball.◆完成句子（4） 我和蒂姆毫無(wú)共同之處。 Tim and I________________________ . =I____________________________ Tim.（5） I think my job 　　　　 　　　　　　　（和你無(wú)關(guān)），so you’d better keep silent.　
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重點(diǎn)句式教材原句p.8 ...Van Gogh’s mental illness may have affected his sense of sight. ……凡·高的精神疾病可能影響了他的視力。【句式分析】句中的may have affected是對(duì)過(guò)去情況的不肯定推測(cè)，may 也可換成might，主要用于肯定句和否定句中。1 may/might have done 可能做過(guò)某事He may have forgotten the party. 他可能忘了這次聚會(huì)。Lucy might have gone to China. 露西可能已經(jīng)去了中國(guó)。He may not have finished the work，because the light is still on in his office. 他或許還沒(méi)有完成工作，因?yàn)樗k公室里的燈還亮著?！練w納拓展】（1） 其他“情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+ have done”表示推測(cè)的情況：must have done 表示對(duì)過(guò)去情況的肯定推測(cè)，只用于肯定句中；can/could have done 表示推測(cè)時(shí)，常用于否定句和疑問(wèn)句中。Peter looks excited. He must have passed the examination. 彼得看起來(lái)很興奮。他一定通過(guò)了考試。Where could you have put the key? 你能把鑰匙放在哪里呢？
（2）“情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+have done”表示“本來(lái)……而實(shí)際上……”。could have done 過(guò)去本來(lái)能夠做某事而實(shí)際上未做might have done 本來(lái)可能做某事而實(shí)際上未做（其程度比could ?。﹏eedn’t have done 本來(lái)沒(méi)必要做某事而實(shí)際上做了should/ought to have done 本來(lái)應(yīng)該做某事而實(shí)際上未做You could have won first prize in this competition，but you were too nervous. 你本來(lái)能在這次競(jìng)賽中獲得第一名的，但你太緊張了。As it turned out to be a small house party，we needn’t have dressed up so formally. 結(jié)果只是個(gè)小型的家庭聚會(huì)，我們本沒(méi)必要穿得那么正式。There was much fun at yesterday’s party. You ought to have come，but why didn’t you? 昨天的宴會(huì)很有趣。你本應(yīng)該來(lái)的，但你為什么沒(méi)來(lái)呢？
◆用適當(dāng)?shù)那閼B(tài)動(dòng)詞填空（1） Alice looks very happy. She 　　　　have passed the driving test.（2） He did not regret saying what he did but felt that he 　　　　 have expressed it differently.（3） He 　　　　 have left his cellphone at home，but I am not sure.（4） — I didn’t watch the final match for the World Cup between Italy and France. — You 　　 　　　 have watched it. It was so wonderful.◆完成句子（5） Mr Smith 　　　 　　　?。ú豢赡苋チ耍﹖o Beijing，for I saw him in the library just now.（6） You 　　　　　 　　　　?。ū緫?yīng)該到達(dá)）there on time，but you were late again.（7） —What has happened to George? — I don’t know. He 　　 　　　　　?。?可能受傷了） in a traffic accident.（8） You 　 　　　　　　　?。ū静恍枰I(mǎi)）so much wine—only five people came.（9） She 　　　　　　　　　　?。ū究赡芩愠觯﹖he maths problem，if you had given her more time.　　　
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教材原句p.9 It shows a beautiful house lit by lights from inside，surrounded by the darkness of night. 畫(huà)中有一座美麗的房子，房子里面被光照亮，外面被夜晚的黑暗包圍?！揪涫椒治觥勘揪渲械?lit by... 以及 surrounded by... 是過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)作后置定語(yǔ)，修飾名詞house。2 過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)（1）單個(gè)的過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)時(shí)，常放在被修飾詞之前；過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)時(shí)，常放在被修飾 詞之后。 the polluted water 被污染的水 the proposal put forward at the meeting在會(huì)議上提出來(lái)的那個(gè)建議（2）及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)，表示被動(dòng)和完成；不及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)，不表示被 動(dòng)，只表示完成。 ① 表示被動(dòng)和完成。 a furnished room 有家具的房間　　cooked food 熟食 ② 不表示被動(dòng)，只表示完成。a retired teacher退休教師　　the fallen leaves落葉 ③ 過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)作后置定語(yǔ)時(shí)，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句。 I have read the book written （=that/which is written） by J.K. Rowling. 我讀過(guò)J. K. 羅琳寫(xiě)的那本書(shū)。 She likes the painting very much，painted（=which was painted）byXu Beihong. 她很喜歡徐悲鴻畫(huà)的那幅畫(huà)。
◆單句語(yǔ)法填空（1） They are cleaning the 　　　　?。╢all）leaves in the yard.（2） All the 　　　　　（damage）tools will be fully repaired.（3） The book　　　　?。╳rite）by Mo Yan is popular with us students.（4） As a child，I lived in a yard 　 　　　　（surround）by tall trees.（5）The exhibition 　　　?。╤old）by the three young artists is a success.（6） The products 　　　　　（produce） by his company are of high quality.◆完成句子（7） 昨天舉行的會(huì)議非常重要。 The meeting 　　　　　　 　is of great importance. （過(guò)去分詞） =The meeting 　　　　　　 　　　　　　is of great importance. （定語(yǔ)從句）　
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教材原句 p.11 It is hard to believe that Van Gogh only sold one painting during his lifetime. 很難相信凡·高在有生之年僅僅賣(mài)出了一幅畫(huà)。3 It is+adj. + to do sth.該句式中it 作形式主語(yǔ)，真正的主語(yǔ)是后面的不定式短語(yǔ)。It’s impossible to get there within one hour. 一個(gè)小時(shí)之內(nèi)到達(dá)那里是不可能的?！練w納拓展】it 作形式主語(yǔ)時(shí)，真正的主語(yǔ)可以是不定式、動(dòng)名詞或從句。常見(jiàn)的it 作形式主語(yǔ)的句式：（1） It is + adj. /n. + to do sth. 做某事是……（2） It is + adj. + for/of sb to do sth. 做某事對(duì)于某人來(lái)說(shuō)是……的。（3） It is no use/no good/a waste of time doing sth. 做某事是沒(méi)有用的/ 沒(méi)有好處的/ 浪費(fèi)時(shí)間的。（4） It is + adj. /n. + 從句. ……是……（5） It is said/reported/believed that... 據(jù)說(shuō)/ 據(jù)報(bào)道/ 人們認(rèn)為……
It is our duty to defend our motherland. 保衛(wèi)祖國(guó)是我們的職責(zé)。It is no use crying for your mistakes. 為你的錯(cuò)誤哭泣是沒(méi)有用的。It is a great pity that you missed the football match. 你錯(cuò)過(guò)了那場(chǎng)足球賽，真是太遺憾了。It is said that she lived to be over 100. 據(jù)說(shuō)她活了100 多歲。【學(xué)法點(diǎn)撥】① “It is + adj. +for sb to do sth.” 中的形容詞表示事物或行為的特點(diǎn)或性質(zhì)，如good，easy， difficult，possible，necessary 等。 It is important for you to study English well. 學(xué)好英語(yǔ)對(duì)你來(lái)說(shuō)很重要。②“It is + adj. +of sb to do sth.”中的形容詞表示人的品格或特點(diǎn)，如kind，polite，impolite， rude，foolish 等。 It is too impolite of you to speak to the teacher like this. 你這樣對(duì)老師說(shuō)話(huà)太沒(méi)有禮貌了。
◆單句語(yǔ)法填空（1）　　　 is difficult to figure out a global population of polar bears as much of the range has been poorly studied...（2） It is good for people 　　　?。╣o）for a walk after supper.（3） It was thoughtful 　　　 her to come to see me when I was ill.（4） It is important 　　　 us to get plenty of exercise.（5） It is clear 　　　 the chosen pattern is not the correct one.（6） It is uncertain 　　　　　 he can attend this conference or not.（7） It is obvious 　　　 the manager is satisfied with the result.（8） It is not clear 　　　 the company will do to improve the sales.（9） It is no use 　　　　 （argue）with Bill because he will never change his mind.（10）It was reported 　　　 several people had been arrested.
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◆完成句子（11）你不能來(lái)參加聯(lián)歡會(huì)，真是太遺憾了?！　　　　　　　　　　　? you can’t come to the get-together.（12）在這么短的時(shí)間內(nèi)完成這個(gè)項(xiàng)目不容易?！　　　　　　　　　　　　　? the project in such a short time.
It is a great pity that
It is not easy to complete
單元語(yǔ)法 名詞性從句1 名詞性從句概述在句子中起名詞作用的句子叫名詞性從句。名詞性從句可分為主語(yǔ)從句、賓語(yǔ)從句、表語(yǔ)從句和同位語(yǔ)從句。四種從句有下列相同之處： （1）連接詞大抵相同。 連詞：that，whether，if 等連接代詞：who，whom，whose，what，which，whoever，whatever， whichever 等連接副詞：when，where，why，how，whenever，wherever，however 等（2）從句需用陳述語(yǔ)序。
（3）從句一般不用逗號(hào)與主句分開(kāi)。That colours influence our moods has been proved.顏色能影響我們的情緒已經(jīng)得到了證明。（主語(yǔ)從句）What they are looking for is their missing dog.他們正在尋找的是他們失蹤的狗。（主語(yǔ)從句）He said that he had already known the news.他說(shuō)他已經(jīng)知道這個(gè)消息了。（賓語(yǔ)從句）This school is where my mother worked forty years ago.這所學(xué)校是我母親40 年前工作過(guò)的地方。（表語(yǔ)從句）There is no doubt that human activity has caused global warming.毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)人類(lèi)活動(dòng)已經(jīng)引起了全球變暖。（同位語(yǔ)從句）I have no idea what is happening outside.我不知道外面正在發(fā)生什么事。（同位語(yǔ)從句）
◆單句語(yǔ)法填空（1） Sometimes，　　　we show our gratitude to a person is reflected in the kind of food we serve him or her.（2） After a day’s exhausting climb we arrived at　　　 we had been told was Garden in the Air．（3） The problem is 　　　 sometimes when we are given something on a constant basis， we start to take it for granted and forget to be thankful for what we already have．（4） People began looking across to see 　　　　　the noise was coming from.（5） They are discussing the problem 　　　　　they should stop investing money in that project.（6） 　　　 we used to see as something impossible is now becoming a reality.（7） The problem is 　　 　　　 we can improve our reading skills in such a short time.（8） 　　　 was responsible for the accident is not yet clear.
how
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2 主語(yǔ)從句（ 1）從屬連詞 that 在主語(yǔ)從句中不作任何成分，也沒(méi)有實(shí)際意義，只起連接作用，但不能省略。That the famous singer didn’t appear made his fans very disappointed.那位著名的歌手沒(méi)有出現(xiàn)，這使他的粉絲們非常失望。（2）從屬連詞whether 在主語(yǔ)從句中不作任何成分，只起連接作用，意為“是否”。Whether he will attend the party hasn’t been decided. 他是否會(huì)參加聚會(huì)還沒(méi)決定。（ 3）連接代詞 who，whom，whose，what，which，whoever，whatever，whichever 等在從句中常作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)或定語(yǔ)，起連接作用且有實(shí)際意義。What interested her most was its unique colour. 最讓她感興趣的是它獨(dú)特的顏色。（4）連接副詞when，where，why，how 等在從句中常作狀語(yǔ)，起連接作用且有實(shí)際意義。How they managed to finish the task is unknown to me.我不知道他們是怎樣設(shè)法完成這項(xiàng)任務(wù)的。
（ 5）當(dāng)主語(yǔ)從句太長(zhǎng)時(shí)，為了平衡句子結(jié)構(gòu)，經(jīng)常用 it 作形式主語(yǔ)置于句首，而將主語(yǔ)從句后置。常見(jiàn)的it 作形式主語(yǔ)的句式：① It + be + 形容詞+ 主語(yǔ)從句. 常用于這種句式的形容詞有important（重要的），necessary（必要的），right（正確的），wrong（錯(cuò)誤的），strange（奇怪的），likely（可能的），unlikely（不可能的），certain（明確的），clear（清楚的），obvious（明顯的），natural（自然的）等。It is obvious that the owner of the coffee shop is waiting for him to leave. 很明顯，咖啡館的主人正在等著他離開(kāi)。② It + be + 名詞+ 主語(yǔ)從句. 常用于這種句式的名詞有a pity（遺憾），a shame（遺憾；恥辱），a fact（事實(shí)），an honour（榮譽(yù)），a wonder（ 奇跡）等。It is a great pity that you can’t go to the party with us.你不能和我們一起去那個(gè)聚會(huì)真是太遺憾了。③ It + be + 過(guò)去分詞+ that 從句. 常用于這種句式的過(guò)去分詞有said，believed，reported，hoped，decided，suggested/advised，ordered，thought，announced/declared 等。It is said that the boy has a great gift for languages.據(jù)說(shuō)這個(gè)男孩在語(yǔ)言方面很有天賦。④ It + 不及物動(dòng)詞（短語(yǔ)）+ 主語(yǔ)從句. 常用于這種句式的不及物動(dòng)詞（短語(yǔ)）有seem，appear，happen，turn out 等。It seemed that he didn’t care about fame and money.他似乎不在乎名利。
◆單句語(yǔ)法填空（1） 　　 he won the first gold medal in the Second Youth Olympic Games made us excited.（2） 　　 there are living creatures in outer space as those on Earth hasn’t been proved until now.（3）　　　 city will host the next Asian Games is under discussion.（4） 　　　 the sports meet will be held tomorrow mainly depends on the weather.（5）　　　 the famous singer offered her fans were love and kindness.（6）　　　 we understand things has a lot to do with what we feel.（7） 　　　 Li Bai，a great Chinese poet, was born is known to the public，but some won’t accept it.（8）　　　 the manager will come back is unknown，but I will check the time later.
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（9） 　　　 will take the place of Mr Yang is still unknown.（10）　　　 is known to us all is that Zhang Weili successfully defended her title in the match.（11）Suddenly it occurred to me 　　　 difficult it was for a single father to bring up five children on his own.（12）It is a great pity 　　　 you had no time to visit the Forbidden City while you were in Beijing.（13）It is by no means clear 　　　 the local government will do to solve the problem.（14）It is obvious 　　　 the coach was satisfied with the result of the match.（15）It is likely 　　　 they will arrive in Beijing this weekend.　
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3 賓語(yǔ)從句（1）動(dòng)詞（短語(yǔ)）后的賓語(yǔ)從句大多數(shù)動(dòng)詞后可以接賓語(yǔ)從句，有些動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)如find out，point out，work out，turn out，make sure，keep in mind 等后也可以接賓語(yǔ)從句。I just wonder how he got the important information.我只是想知道他是怎樣得到這個(gè)重要信息的。Have you found out when the next train to Beijing will leave?你弄明白下一趟去北京的火車(chē)什么時(shí)候會(huì)離開(kāi)了嗎？（2）介詞后的賓語(yǔ)從句介詞后多用wh- 類(lèi)連接詞引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句，但介詞except，but 后可接that 引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句。We are talking about whether we will take part in the contest.我們正在討論是否會(huì)參加比賽。I know nothing about him except that he is a teacher.除了知道他是一位老師外，我對(duì)他一無(wú)所知。（3）形容詞后的賓語(yǔ)從句某些形容詞如sure，certain，glad，pleased，happy，afraid，surprised，satisfied，sorry 等后可接賓語(yǔ)從句。I am sorry that I can’t meet you at the station this afternoon.我很遺憾今天下午不能去車(chē)站接你。
（4）it 作形式賓語(yǔ)而將賓語(yǔ)從句后置的情形如果賓語(yǔ)后還有賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，常用it 作形式賓語(yǔ)，而將賓語(yǔ)從句后置。這種結(jié)構(gòu)中的that 不可省略。常用的句型有：①主語(yǔ)+find/feel/think/believe/consider/make + it + adj./n.+ that 從句The Internet makes it possible that we can work from home. 因特網(wǎng)使我們?cè)诩依锕ぷ鞒蔀榭赡堋 have made it a rule that I keep diaries. 寫(xiě)日記成了我的一個(gè)慣例。②動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)see to/rely on/depend on... + it + that 從句Can you see to it that the fax goes this afternoon? 你能保證今天下午就把傳真發(fā)出去嗎？You may depend on it that I shall keep my word. 你可以相信我，我會(huì)守信用的。③喜好類(lèi)動(dòng)詞hate/like/love/dislike/appreciate... + it + when/if 從句I like it when it is sunny. 我喜歡晴朗的天氣。I would appreciate it if you lend me a hand. 如果你能幫我一把，我將不勝感激。
（5）使用賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)的注意事項(xiàng)①that 引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)不可省略的情形： A 賓語(yǔ)從句和主句之間有插入語(yǔ)時(shí)。 We don’t doubt，in any case，that he keeps his promise. 我們相信在任何情況下他都遵守自己的諾言。 B 當(dāng)有兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，第一個(gè)that 可以省略，但后面的that 不能省略。 Scientists find（that） the number of wild goats has increased and that a new species has appeared. 科學(xué)家們發(fā)現(xiàn)野山羊的數(shù)目增加了，而且還出現(xiàn)了一個(gè)新種群。②一般情況下介詞后只能用wh- 類(lèi)連接詞引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句。介詞后的賓語(yǔ)從句連接詞表示“是否” 時(shí)，用whether，不用if。 There has been no news about whether they have finished their work. 沒(méi)有關(guān)于他們是否完成了工作的消息。
◆單句語(yǔ)法填空（1） She asked me 　　　　　 I had returned the books to the library，and I admitted _________　　　　　 I hadn’t. （2） The organisers promise 　　　　　 wins first prize a chance to go abroad.（3） The ninety-year-old mother did 　　　　　she could to save her son.（4） Mrs Taylor went around the shops，ordering　　　 she thought was necessary.（5） My experience tells me 　　　 it’s not what you are given but how you make use of it that determines who you are.（6） Her parents were proud of 　　　 Jane had done at school.（7） Johnson never forgets 　　　　 he comes from，so he has done a lot for his hometown.（8） Scientists say they have unearthed details of　　　 the dinosaurs disappeared 65 million years ago. ?。?） They are very pleased 　　　 Professor Li and his wife are visiting their city next week.（10）He was told 　　　 the party would begin，but he forgot about the exact time.
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（11）No one knows for sure 　　　 the life will be like in 100 years.（12）I think it necessary 　　　 we drink plenty of water every day.（13）I have made it a rule 　　　 I read something before going to bed every night.（14）I took it for granted 　　　 Zhang Han would be sent to study abroad.（15）I dislike it 　　　 I am disturbed by someone.（16）We would appreciate it 　 　 you could give us some advice on how to solve the problem.（17）I believe you have done your best and　　　 things will get better.◆完成句子（18）Three months later，they arrived in 　　　　　　　（被稱(chēng)為） India.（19）I think it necessary 　　　　　　　　　　　　　 ?。愣嘧⒁猓﹜our pronunciation.（20）We should believe in what we do and 　　　　　　（我們是誰(shuí)）if we are to succeed.　
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4 表語(yǔ)從句（1）表語(yǔ)從句通常放在連系動(dòng)詞 be，seem，look，appear，sound， taste，feel，remain 等后面，構(gòu)成“主語(yǔ)+ 連系動(dòng)詞+ 表語(yǔ)從句”句式。The problem is that so many people don’t have enough water to drink in Africa. 問(wèn)題是在非洲有那么多的人沒(méi)有足夠的水喝。The point is whether we should lend him the money.關(guān)鍵在于我們是否應(yīng)該借錢(qián)給他。The most exciting moment was when I won first place in the exam.最激動(dòng)人心的時(shí)刻是我在考試中得第一名的時(shí)候。The black clouds are gathering. It looks as if it is going to rain.烏云密布，看起來(lái)天要下雨了。
（2）使用表語(yǔ)從句時(shí)的注意事項(xiàng)在It/This/That is because/why... 句式中，because 后接原因，why 后接結(jié)果。當(dāng)主句的主語(yǔ)是the reason 時(shí)，后面的表語(yǔ)從句用that 引導(dǎo)。He didn’t go by bike with me. That’s because there was something wrong with his bike. 他沒(méi)和我一起騎自行車(chē)去，那是因?yàn)樗淖孕熊?chē)壞了。（前果后因）His right foot was injured. That’s why he had to drop out of the match.他的右腳受了傷，這就是他不得不退出比賽的原因。（前因后果）The reason why he wasn’t chosen captain of the team was that he lacked the spirit of teamwork. 他沒(méi)有被選中當(dāng)隊(duì)長(zhǎng)是因?yàn)樗狈F(tuán)隊(duì)精神。
◆單句語(yǔ)法填空（1） The reality is 　　　　　 the majority of the relationships we experience throughout our lives are actually non-romantic.（2） The nearby Quebec village of St Pamphile is 　　　　　 they shop，eat and go to church.（3） However，most of the universe is 　　　　　we think of as empty space.（4） One of the most unforgettable moments in my life was 　　　　 my daughter was born.（5） It is reported that a huge percentage of bird species are in danger. It’s 　　　　　 their habitats or homelands are disappearing.（6） Mary is a humorous and warm-hearted woman and that is 　　　　　 she is a most popular person in her community.（7） The real reason why I don’t have a hobby is　　　　　 I don’t have time.　
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5 同位語(yǔ)從句在句子中作同位語(yǔ)的從句稱(chēng)為同位語(yǔ)從句。它一般放在某些名詞的后面，用于解釋說(shuō)明前面名詞的具體內(nèi)容。（1）常接同位語(yǔ)從句的名詞 belief 信念 fact 事實(shí) doubt 懷疑 explanation 解釋 hope 希望 idea 主意 wish 愿望 dream夢(mèng)想 news 消息 truth 事實(shí) possibility 可能性 statement 論斷 thought 想法 promise 承諾 question/problem 問(wèn)題 suggestion 建議 order 命令 fear 恐懼 warning 警告（2）不同連接詞引導(dǎo)的同位語(yǔ)從句① that 引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句時(shí)在從句中不作任何成分，只起連接作用，不可省略。The news excited us that our football team won the game.我們的足球隊(duì)贏得比賽的消息使我們激動(dòng)。There is no possibility that he can finish the task on time.他不可能按時(shí)完成這項(xiàng)工作。② whether 引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句時(shí)不充當(dāng)句子成分，表示“是否”，不可以用if 替換。We have some doubt whether they can complete the task on time.我們懷疑他們是否能按時(shí)完成任務(wù)。
③連接代詞who，what，which 引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，既起連接作用，又在從句中作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)等。The question who will take over the company requires careful consideration. 誰(shuí)將接管公司這個(gè)問(wèn)題需要仔細(xì)考慮。④連接副詞when，where，why，how 引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，既起連接作用，又在從句中作狀語(yǔ)等。I have no idea why he refused the job offer from that company.我不知道他為什么拒絕了來(lái)自那家公司的工作邀請(qǐng)?！菊`區(qū)警示】that 引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句與引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的區(qū)別（1） that 引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，在從句中不充當(dāng)任何句子成分，但不能省略。（2） that 引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，既起引導(dǎo)詞的作用，又在從句中作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)等，在定語(yǔ)從句中作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)that 常可省略，先行詞指物時(shí)可用which 替換。Do you believe the news that Peter was missing? （同位語(yǔ)從句）你相信彼得失蹤了這個(gè)消息嗎？Do you believe the news that（=which） he told you? （定語(yǔ)從句）你相信他告訴你的這個(gè)消息嗎？
◆單句語(yǔ)法填空（1） The news 　　　 we are having a holiday tomorrow is not true.（2） The notice came around two in the afternoon　　　 the meeting would be put off.（3） The question 　　 　 should do the work requires consideration.（4） My question 　　 　 I shall get in touch with him has not been answered.（5）We haven’t solved the problem 　　　 we are going to spend our summer vacation this year.（6） The news 　　 　 we won the game pleased us all.（7） There is solid evidence 　　　　 sitting for a long time does harm to our health.（8） Many scholars share the belief 　　　 interest is as vital to learning as the ability to understand.（9） Do I have your promise 　　　 you won’t tell anyone about this?
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（10）The question was put forward 　　　　　we had the ability to face the crisis.（11）Mr Wu and I did not know each other，and I had no idea 　　　　 he invited me for lunch.（12）He gave an answer 　　　　 he knew nothing about the accident.（13）The question 　　　　　 the gas is harmful to people’s health is not clear.（14）Is there any possibility 　　　 you could pick me up from the station? 　　
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Thank you.