2021-2022學(xué)年重慶實驗中學(xué)高一（下）第二次段考英語試卷（含答案解析）-試卷下載-教習(xí)網(wǎng)

2021-2022學(xué)年重慶實驗中學(xué)高一（下）第二次段考英語試卷 A Travelling is so popular around the world.However，due to the pandemic，we have to put off almost those plans for travelling.But we can make a detailed plan for our wonderful trip in the future in advance.Below is some of the most important information to keep in mind to ensure that you have a splendid trip. Valencia Valencia is in the east part of Spain.It has a port on the sea，two miles away on the coast.It is the capital of a province that is also named Valencia. The city is a market center for what is produced by the land around the city.Most of the city's money is made from farming.It is also a busy business city，with ships，railways，clothes and machine factories. Valencia has an old part with white buildings，coloured roofs，and narrow streets.The modern part has long，wide streets and new buildings.Valencia is well known for its parks and gardens.It has many old churches and museums. Tokyo Tokyo may be one of those places that you love and hate at the same time.In Tokyo，there are always too many people in the places where I want to go.There are also too many cars.Tokyo drivers often spend a long time in the busy street，just like drivers in London，Paris and New York. Tokyo also has a lot of people on foot，and sometimes it is really difficult to walk in the street.The worst time in the street is at 11：30 at night.That is because the nightclubs are closing at that time and everybody wants to go home then.There are 35，000 nightclubs in Tokyo，and usually none of them is empty at night. Toronto Toronto in Canada is one of those cities that people visit and then dream of living in.It's large，but not too large；prosperous，but not expensive.But most importantly，Toronto is very open and tolerant.The city，the capital of Ontario，is one of the world's most multicultural cities. The fact that 140 languages are spoken in the city tells a story.What's more，12.5 percent of the city's population is Chinese. Toronto is a great place to explore if you want to get the most out of it.James mentioned the beaches，which are close to the city and have wonderfully clean sand and water.The good thing is that getting around in Toronto is easy，since it has a very good public transport system.It also has a reputation of being home to many talented computer geniuses.So，if you're hoping to work in the technology industry，Toronto is a place to consider moving to. 1. What can you learn about Valencia？ ______ A. Local people may often go out by sea.B. Its development mainly relies on travelling industry.C. It's the capital of Spain.D. Its development progresses slowly. 2. From the text we can't learn that ______ . A. Valencia may have a long history and attract many ChristiansB. nightclubs in Tokyo are popular and it contributes to traffic jamsC. Toronto's industry is in the leading place in the worldD. we can meet a large number of people who come from China in Toronto 3. In which column will you see the text？ ______ A. The advertising section of a newspaper.B. A geographical journal.C. The official website of the travel agency.D. The lines of a TV programme. B I was a recent graduate of a leading business school and I was to join a big company in Gomia，Bihar.The company chose only the best，and I was full of it. The night train from Calcutta would reach Gomia in the morning.I had a letter that said there would be a car to pick me up from the station and take me to the Guest House.However，I found no person in sight to receive me when I got off the train.I felt let down.I carried the luggage on my shoulder and came to the exit.There I saw a nice car.The driver was walking towards the car.Ah，my driver，there he was! I went up to him and asked him to carry my luggage.He asked me who I was and I introduced myself.The driver opened the back door and had me seated.Along the way，he asked me some questions about me and my family.I was angry with the driver who asked too much and answered him in monosyllables（只言片語）.After reaching the Guest House，we said goodbye. The next day was a big day.I was to meet the boss of the place，Dr.S.K.Kamat，and I was nervous.I knocked on the door and walked into the large office.The big man had his back to me and as he turned，I recognized the man immediately.He was the driver! He gave me a broad smile and said he was S.K.Kamat.I could have died at that moment.I apologized for my behavior and was at a loss for words.He said that he had come to the station to see off a friend.And he had seen me and wanted to be of assistance.He never referred to the incident almost as if it didn't happen.When I walked out of the office，I learned a great lesson. 4. What do we know about the author？ ______ A. He was a little cocky at first.B. He was going to change his job.C. He took the initiative in talking with the driver.D. He saw the driver as soon as he got off the train. 5. How did the author feel when he recognized S.K.Kamat in the office？ ______ A. Confused. B. Warm. C. Embarrassed. D. Anxious. 6. Why didn't S.K.Kamat tell the author that he wasn't his driver？ ______ A. He thought it was impolite to do that.B. He didn't want to make the author sad.C. He was willing to offer help to the author.D. He wanted the author to be grateful to him. 7. What message does the story convey？ ______ A. Love brings hope to the needy. B. Be kind whenever possible.C. Education is the key to success. D. Continuous learning is vital. C In February 2021，the government of Vietnam released a draft of the country's latest national power development plan（PDP 8）for 2021 to 2030.The draft PDP 8 expands wind and solar capacity and improves grid（輸電網(wǎng)）infrastructure to ensure that the stable operation with a higher share of renewable energy. Vietnam increasingly relies on coal imports because coal-fired power plants have been used to meet the rapidly increasing electricity demand.More than half of Vietnam's electricity generation came from coal in 2020.The country also relies heavily on hydroeletric generation（水利發(fā)電）and is home to a number of large rivers.However，hydro's reliability is affected by droughts and water shortages.Non-hydro renewable sources，such as wind and solar，made up 5% of Vietnam's electricity generation in 2020. Expanding non-hydro renewable capacity will likely help Vietnam rely less on coal，reduce carbon emissions（排放），and increases electricity generating capacity.With its strong emphasis on renewables，the draft PDP 8 is quite different from previous plans，which rely heavily on coal，hydropower and natural gas sources. However，Vietnam's underdeveloped grid hampers（阻礙）these capacity additions.Some of the country's transmission lines are operating at a full load or are overloaded，especially in the region where solar capacity in concentrated.Electricity producers have reduced generation from renewables because of grid limitations.The country needs new transmission and distribution infrastructure to accommodate capacity additions and transmit electricity to where it is needed. One major grid development underway is a 461-mile transmission line extension with three 500-kilovolt transmission lines.These transmission lines will connect nine cities and provinces across central and southern Vietnam. 8. Which did Vietnam rely on most for power generation in 2020？ ______ A. Wind. B. Water. C. Coal. D. Sunlight. 9. What's special about the draft PDP 8 compared to previous plans？ ______ A. It is more environmentally friendly.B. It depends more on hydroelectric power.C. It is less expensive and far more efficient.D. It meets the country's growing electricity needs. 10. How will Vietnam keep pace with its capacity growth？ ______ A. By reducing solar capacity.B. By repairing transmission lines.C. By rewarding electricity producers.D. By strengthening power infrastructure. 11. What is the best title for the text？ ______ A. Vietnam's energy structure in the future.B. Vietnam's latest power plan to expand renewables.C. Difficulties in expanding clean energy in Vietnam.D. Measures to develop renewable energy in Vietnam. D The urgency of vaccination against COVID-19 is growing.Some new variants of the virus，spotted in Britain and other countries，are spreading around the world.Although they do not seem to be more deadly，they are a lot more infectious，threatening to overwhelm hospitals with patients too numerous to be treated. Salvation（救助）lies in rapid vaccination.It is a test of public health.When the logistics（后勤）are guaranteed，as eventually they would be，the limiting factor will be how much vaccine is available.Pfizer，Moderna and AstraZeneca could provide a large dose in 2021，enough for around 2.5 billion people.However，much more is needed，including over a billion doses of Sputnik V from Russia，and two vaccines from China. Both countries have offered vaccines widely.However，to fulfill their potential，they need to be licensed by an independent，strict regulator from another country or by the World Health Organization（WHO）.If countries licensing，few people will trust vaccines to stop the virus.If they are licensed without proper trials，vaccination in general may be discredited. Another way to stretch supplies is to administer more first doses by delaying the booster.Critics argued that the vaccine might be less effective，which would weaken confidence in vaccination，and that exposure to partially protected people may help the virus acquire resistance.Supporters said they had evidence that delayed boosters would work and that immunology suggests people would retain plenty of protection against the virus.To resolve this dispute requires real-world trails.Until such evidence has been collected，WHO has rightly discouraged countries from delaying boosters except in the most desperate circumstances. Vaccination is also a test of whether the world can work together to confront common threats.Modelling suggests that an ideal global distribution of vaccine according to need could save one and a half times as many lives as focusing supplies on rich countries alone.The Pfizer and，to a lesser extent，Moderna vaccines require ultra-cold storage that many low-and middle-income countries lack.But by that logic，countries with more vaccines per person should release cheaper vaccines that tolerate higher temperatures. In this they should work through COVAX，a mechanism for pooling the purchasing and fair distribution of vaccines.It hopes to allocate almost 2 billion doses this year.COVAX hopes to inoculate（接種）the world's 100 million or so health-care workers by summer.Then it needs to find ways to distribute vaccines by need，which varies from country to country. 12. What can we infer from the second paragraph？ ______ A. There are not enough vaccines available.B. The production efficiency between countries is different.C. It becomes more urgent to improve the safety of vaccines.D. Medical technologies around the world are not yet guaranteed. 13. What does the underlined word"sidestep"in the third paragraph mean？ ______ A. Stop. B. Avoid. C. Finish. D. Consider. 14. What does WHO think of delaying the booster？ ______ A. It believes this can protect people from the virus.B. It disapproves of delaying boosters in normal cases.C. It thinks this will shake people's faith in vaccination.D. It considers delaying boosters as a mature practice in hospitals. 15. What do we know about COVAX？ ______ A. It gives permission to produce vaccines.B. It's a manufacturer that produces COVID-19 vaccines.C. Its primary task is to give vaccines to health-care workers.D. It's a program to allocate vaccines globally by demand. Learning to Give Praise to Others Words of praise,when used right,can have powerful positive effects on others.They are free,but they're worth so much to the receiving person. (1) Your members didn't follow you because of salaries but for more altruistic（利他的）reasons.Therefore,it is important that you give them the praise that is due for their efforts. (2) Don't say,"You look good today." When you could have said,"You look amazing today!" Don't say,"Thanks for your effort." Instead say "I'm so thankful for your being on this project；we couldn't have finished it without you!" Of course,with all that I have mentioned above,be sure that it's coming from your heart. (3) Don't praise if you don't have a hint of appreciation for the person.Trust me,it will show in your eyes and the other party will feel upset.Insincere praise is flattery（恭維）；you seek to gain something from saying good things about the other person. Besides,praising in public is rather important. (4) When you praise a partner in public,you lift him up and his conduct for everyone in the room to see.Look for opportunities where you can publicly celebrate the hard work of certain people and make them feel they are great. I believe that as you begin using these communication tips and praising people around you,you'll see a change in the atmosphere of your work environment. (5) Eventually,you'll find yourself with a more effective team! A.So you need to be sincere in praise. B.This is more so in voluntary organizations. C.People will become happier and smile more. D.It is much more effective than praise in private. E.Remember that measured praise is no praise at all. F.Words aren't always necessary when praising others. G.The best way to teach kids how to praise others is by being an example. 16. ?A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G 17. ?A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G 18. ?A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G 19. ?A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G 20. ?A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G My mom is about to have a spinal （脊柱的） operation.The operation is (21)minor,but does carry a risk of paralysis （癱瘓）.Friends and family have(22) to this news by talking in such pessimistic terms that Mom has come to(23)this kind of talk as "psychological theft".It occurs when other people increase your anxiety (24)providing comfort. Last week Mom (25) Geoff who works for the local school. "How are you？" he asked. "Not great," she replied, "I have been having some trouble with my back and I'm going to need a（n） (26).""Oh,the back the most (27) place to operate on!My mom had that and she was in terrible pain." He responded.Geoff's(28)had been kind.He'd given his own mother's story to show sympathy, (29)Mom only heard danger and pain. People could have (30) things that would be equally true,but more (31) to patients. "The specialists in our hospitals are among the best in the world."- that's a good one. "You're going to feel much better (32)."- that's another. I'm not suggesting patients should be (33)from the reality of the risks they're taking.But if the decision to have an operation can't really be (34)，what's the purpose of stressing the (35)？It's just common sense to say, "Get well soon,and how can I help？" 21. ?A. definitely B. unusually C. relatively D. typically 22. ?A. listened B. objected C. stuck D. reacted 23. ?A. choose B. label C. employ D. mistake 24. ?A. in need of B. in favor of C. instead of D. regardless of 25. ?A. ran into B. looked for C. heard of D. turned to 26. ?A. cure B. operation C. treatment D. break 27. ?A. secure B. dangerous C. common D. apparent 28. ?A. intention B. assumption C. emotion D. description 29. ?A. because B. as C. when D. yet 30. ?A. alternative B. reliable C. reasonable D. attractive 31. ?A. obvious B. beneficial C. significant D. familiar 32. ?A. occasionally B. permanently C. initially D. ultimately 33. ?A. released B. deleted C. separated D. sheltered 34. ?A. accepted B. made C. avoided D. reached 35. ?A. drawbacks B. strengths C. dimensions D. procedures 36. One day，Vinod Menon，head of the physics department at City College of New York，was going through his office mails.He opened a box，only (1) （find）﹩180，000 with a nameless letter and a return address.Having never seen so much money，he was too shocked to know what to do with it. City College of New York is one of (2) （productive） public university systems in the United States，and the physics department has played a key role.Three Nobel Prize winners in physics received their education there，and in 1921 Albert Einstein gave one of his first lectures (3) campus. " (4) （suppose） that you are a bit curious as to why I am doing this，the reason is simple，" the letter read.It continued to explain that many years before，its generous writer (5) （take） advantage of the excellent educational opportunity，available at City College to study physics，earn a master's degree，and do a long，productive，well-rewarding scientific job.The sender wished to offer the money to poor students learning physics and (6) sciences. The return address was to a house in Pensacola，F(xiàn)lorida (7) owners had no idea of the money.The money (8) （put） aside at first，but after (9) two-month-long research which had found nothing that could link it to (10) （activity） which are not lawful，the leaders of the college decided to keep and make good use of the money. Dr.Menon，who grew up in India，noted that the gift would provide for two fully-funded scholarships（全額獎學(xué)金）every year for ten years，and that he would try to see it go into the hands of the students who had the fewest means-such as immigrants（移民）like him. (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) 37. 假如你是李華，暑假你想去香港旅游，你寫信向香港的筆友Attlee了解具體情況。內(nèi)容包括：1.旅游地點的推薦；2.旅游注意事項。注意：1.寫作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80左右；2.可以適當(dāng)增加細節(jié)，以使行文連貫；3.請按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。Dear Attlee，___________Yours truly，Li Hua 38. Let him learn the hard wayPaul was with me in the kitchen helping me out with the dishes.From his facial expression and his unmistakable body language，I knew he wanted to ask something.Paul is doing his second year in a famous high school.I have always been afraid of spoiling him with my love as he is my only child.We are well placed in life.Both of us—my husband and I—are human Resource executive （主管）.As I was about to switch off the kitchen light，Paul came near me with pleading eyes. "Mom.Our school is organizing a trip to the Yellow Stone National Park this time.They are charging only 200 per student，which covers all expenses—train tickets，food and stay.Mom，please，please let me go.I have more than a month's time to pay the money.And we are going only in our holidays."I did not know what to say.My motherly nature was to say an immediate yes to see a smile on my son's face，But I should not spoil this nice kid.So，I said to him， "Paul，I need to talk to Dad.Can I tell you tomorrow morning？""Thanks.Mom."After talking with my husband，we agreed to let him go but make him earn the money."Paul，Dad and I thought about your trip.Yes，in principle it's okay for us.But you have to earn it.You said that you have more than a month to pay the money.""Thanks a lot，Mom.I shall surely save the money well before the due date.""And Paul，I would like to know the progress you make every day.So，let me know how much you have got on a day-to-day basis.You shall write that on this board，Okay？""Okay.Mom.Thanks once again."注意：1.續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右；2.請按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。Paragraph 1 ：I started keeping track of the money he made every day.________Paragraph 2 ：Despite my concern and anxiety，Paul seemed to enjoy the process.________ 答案和解析 1~3.【答案】A、C、B 【解析】（1）推理判斷題。根據(jù)Valencia部分關(guān)鍵句"Valencia is in the east part of Spain.It has a port on the sea，two miles away on the coast."（巴倫西亞位于西班牙東部。它在海上有一個港口，距離海岸兩英里。）可知，巴倫西亞在海上有一個港口，距離海岸兩英里，由此可推斷出，巴倫西亞的當(dāng)?shù)厝丝赡芙?jīng)常由海路外出。故選A。（2）細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Valencia部分關(guān)鍵句Valencia is well known for its parks and gardens.It has many old churches and museums.（巴倫西亞以其公園和花園而聞名。它有許多古老的教堂和博物館。）可知，巴倫西亞有許多古老的教堂和博物館，由此可知，巴倫西亞可能有著悠久的歷史，古老的教堂吸引了許多基督教徒，與選項A相符；根據(jù)Tokyo部分關(guān)鍵句The worst time in the street is at 11：30 at night.That is because the nightclubs are closing at that time and everybody wants to go home then.There are 35，000 nightclubs in Tokyo，and usually none of them is empty at night.（街上最糟糕的時間是晚上11：30。那是因為那時夜總會關(guān)門了，每個人都想回家。東京有35000家夜總會，通常晚上沒有一家是空的。）可知，東京的夜總會很受歡迎，也會造成交通堵塞，與選項B相符；根據(jù)Toronto部分關(guān)鍵句What's more，12.5 percent of the city's population is Chinese."（此外，該市12.5%的人口是中國人。）可知，多倫多12.5%的人口是中國人，由此可知，我們可以在多倫多見到許多來自中國的人，與選項D相符，選項C內(nèi)容文章沒有提到。故選C。（3）文章出處題。通讀文章，結(jié)合第一段關(guān)鍵句But we can make a detailed plan for our wonderful trip in the future in advance.Below is some of the most important information to keep in mind to ensure that you have a splendid trip.（但我們可以提前為我們未來的精彩旅行做一個詳細的計劃。以下是要記住的一些最重要的信息，以確保你有一次精彩的旅行。）可知，本文主要介紹了旅行可以去的三個城市，分別是巴倫西亞、東京和多倫多，并分別介紹了三個城市的地理環(huán)境和城市特色等，城市介紹屬于地理范疇，由此可知，你可能會在地理雜志上看到這篇文章。A.The?advertising?section?of?a?newspaper報紙的廣告版面；B.A?geographical?journal地理雜志；C.The?official?website?of?the?travel?agency旅行社的官方網(wǎng)站；D.The?lines?of?a?TV?programme電視節(jié)目的臺詞。故選B。這是一篇應(yīng)用文。本文主要介紹了旅行可以去的三個城市，分別是巴倫西亞、東京和多倫多，并分別介紹了三個城市的地理環(huán)境和城市特色等。做這類題材閱讀理解時要求考生對文章通讀一遍，做題時結(jié)合原文和題目有針對性的找出相關(guān)語句進行仔細分析，結(jié)合選項選出正確答案。做題時要在抓住關(guān)鍵句子的基礎(chǔ)上合理的分析才能得出正確答案，切忌胡亂猜測，一定要做到有理有據(jù)。 4~7.【答案】A、C、C、B 【解析】（1）A.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段內(nèi)容I?was?a?recent?graduate?of?a?leading?business?school?and?I?was?to?join?a?big?company?in?Gomia，Bihar.The?company?chose?only?the?best，and?I?was?full?of?it（我剛從一所頂尖商學(xué)院畢業(yè)，即將加入比哈爾邦戈米亞的一家大公司。公司只選擇最好的，我對此充滿信心。）和第三段關(guān)鍵句I?went?up?to?him?and?asked?him?to?carry?my?luggage.（我走到他跟前，請他幫我搬行李。）可知，作者是從一所頂尖商學(xué)院畢業(yè)的，并被一家大公司錄取，他對自己過分自信了，再結(jié)合他不客氣地讓他認為的"司機"幫助他搬行李可知，作者起初有點自大。故選A。（2）C.推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段關(guān)鍵句He?gave?me?a?broad?smile?and?said?he?was?S.K.Kamat.I?could?have?died?at?that?moment.I?apologized?for?my?behavior?and?was?at?a?loss?for?words（他給了我一個燦爛的微笑，說他是S.K.Kamat。我當(dāng)時可能已經(jīng)死了。我為自己的行為道歉，說不出話來。）可知，當(dāng)作者在辦公室認出S.K.Kamat時，他為自己的行為道歉，說不出話來，尷尬得無地自容，由此可知，當(dāng)作者在辦公室認出S.K.Kamat時，他感到尷尬。故選C。（3）C.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段關(guān)鍵句He?said?that?he?had?come?to?the?station?to?see?off?a?friend.And?he?had?seen?me?and?wanted?to?be?of?assistance.?（他說他是來車站為一個朋友送行的。他看到了我，想幫我一把。）可知，S.K.Kamat看到作者一個人拿著行李，想為作者提供幫助，所以他沒有告訴作者他不是他的司機，由此可知，S.K.Kamat沒有告訴作者他不是他的司機是因為他愿意為作者提供幫助。故選C。（4）B.推理判斷題。通讀文章，結(jié)合最后一段關(guān)鍵句He?said?that?he?had?come?to?the?station?to?see?off?a?friend.And?he?had?seen?me?and?wanted?to?be?of?assistance.（他說他是來車站為一個朋友送行的。他看到了我，想幫我一把。）可知，文章主要講述了作者把即將入職的公司的老板誤認為是司機，作者以高傲的態(tài)度對待他，但他卻愿意為作者提供幫助，通過這個故事我們可以學(xué)到，無論何時，我們都要盡可能對人友善，由此可知，這個故事傳達給我們的信息是無論何時都要盡可能對人友善。故選B。這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者把即將入職的公司的老板誤認為是司機，作者以高傲的態(tài)度對待他，但他卻愿意為作者提供幫助，這個故事告訴我們要對人友善，不要過度自負。做這類題材閱讀理解時要求考生對文章通讀一遍，做題時結(jié)合原文和題目有針對性的找出相關(guān)語句進行仔細分析，結(jié)合選項選出正確答案。要在抓住關(guān)鍵句子的基礎(chǔ)上合理的分析才能得出正確答案，切忌胡亂猜測，一定要做到有理有據(jù)。 8~11.【答案】C、A、D、B 【解析】（1）細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段More than half of Vietnam's electricity generation came from coal in 2020.（2020年，越南一半以上的發(fā)電來自煤炭。）可知，2020年越南發(fā)電大部分依靠煤炭。故選C。（2）細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段With its strong emphasis on renewables，the draft PDP8 is quite different from previous plans，which rely heavily on coal，hydropower and natural gas sources.（PDP8草案大力強調(diào)可再生能源，與之前的計劃有很大不同，之前的計劃嚴(yán)重依賴煤炭、水電和天然氣資源。）可知，PDP8草案提倡使用可再生能源，與之前相比，更加環(huán)保。故選A。（3）細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段Some of the country's transmission lines are operating at a full load or are overloaded，especially in the region where solar capacity in concentrated.Electricity producers have reduced generation from renewables because of grid limitations.The country needs new transmission and distribution infrastructure to accommodate capacity additions and transmit electricity to where it is needed.（越南的一些輸電線路正在滿負荷運行或過載，特別是在太陽能使用集中的地區(qū)。由于電網(wǎng)的限制，發(fā)電商減少了可再生能源的發(fā)電量。該國需要新的輸配電基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施，以容納新增容量，并將電力輸送到需要的地方。）可知，為了增加電網(wǎng)容量，越南應(yīng)該加強輸配電基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)。故選D。（4）標(biāo)題概括題。通讀全文，并根據(jù)文章第一段In February 202?l，the government of Vietnam released a draft of the country's latest national power development plan（PDP 8）for 2021 to 2030.The draft PDP 8 expands wind and solar capacity and improves grid infrastructure to ensure that the stable operation with a higher share of renewable energy.（2021年2月，越南政府發(fā)布了2021至2030年越南最新國家電力發(fā)展計劃（PDP8）草案。PDP8草案擴大了風(fēng)能和太陽能電力，并改善了電網(wǎng)基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施，以確保擁有更多可再生能源之后，電網(wǎng)的穩(wěn)定運行。）可知，文章主要介紹了越南提倡使用可再生能源的PDP8提案。故選B.Vietnam's latest power plan to expand renewables.（越南擴大可再生能源的最新電力計劃）可作為文章標(biāo)題。故選B。本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要介紹了越南提倡使用可再生能源的PDP8提案，以及目前越南電網(wǎng)存在的困難和相應(yīng)的解決方法。閱讀理解題測試考生在閱讀基礎(chǔ)上的邏輯推理能力，要求考生根據(jù)文章所述事件的邏輯關(guān)系，對未說明的趨勢或結(jié)局作出合理的推斷；或根據(jù)作者所闡述的觀點理論，對文章未涉及的現(xiàn)象、事例給以解釋。考生首先要仔細閱讀短文，完整了解信息，準(zhǔn)確把握作者觀點。 12~15.【答案】A、B、B、D 【解析】（1）推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段Salvation（救助）lies in rapid vaccination.It is a test of public health.When the logistics（后勤）are guaranteed，as eventually they would be，the limiting factor willbe how much vaccine is available.Pfizer，Moderna and Astra Zeneca could provide a large dose in 2021，enough for around 2.5 billion people.However，much more is needed，including over a billion doses of Sputnik V from Russia，and two vaccines from China.（拯救之道在于快速接種疫苗。這是對公眾健康的考驗。當(dāng)后勤保障得到保證時，最終的限制因素將是有多少疫苗可用。輝瑞、莫德納和阿斯利康可能在2021年提供大劑量疫苗，足以滿足約25億人的需求。然而，還需要更多的疫苗，包括來自俄羅斯的10多億劑SputnikV疫苗，以及來自中國的兩種疫苗。）可知，雖然輝瑞、莫德納和阿斯利康在2021年提供的大劑量疫苗足以滿足約25億人的需求，但還需要更多的疫苗，需要其他國家的支援，由此可知，從第二段我們可以推斷出沒有足夠的疫苗可用。故選A。（2）詞義猜測題。根據(jù)劃線詞上句However，to fulfill their potential，they need to be licensed by an independent，strict regulator from another country or by the World Health Organization（WHO）."（然而，為了發(fā)揮其潛力，它們需要獲得另一個國家或世界衛(wèi)生組織的獨立的、嚴(yán)格的監(jiān)管機構(gòu)的許可。）可知，如果想使用非本國疫苗，這些疫苗需要獲得另一個國家或世界衛(wèi)生組織的獨立的、嚴(yán)格的監(jiān)管機構(gòu)的許可，再結(jié)合畫線單詞所在句中"few people will trust vaccines to stop the virus"（很少有人相信疫苗能阻止病毒）可知，如果提供疫苗的國家回避許可，會導(dǎo)致很少有人相信他們提供的疫苗能阻止病毒，"Avoid"意為回避，避開"。A.Stop停止；B.Avoid避免；C.Finish完成；D.Consider考慮。故選B。（3）細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段Until such evidence has ben collected，WHO has rightly discouraged countries from delaying boosters except in the most desperate circumstances.（在收集到此類證據(jù)之前，世界衛(wèi)生組織正確地勸阻各國，除非在最絕望的情況下，否則不要推遲疫苗加強針。）可知，世界衛(wèi)生組織認為除非在最絕望的情況下，否則不要推遲疫苗加強計量，換句話說，世界衛(wèi)生組織不贊成在正常情況下推遲疫苗加強針。故選B。（4）細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段In this they should work through COVAX，a mechanism for pooling the purchasing and fair distribution of vaccines.（在這方面，他們應(yīng)該通過COVAX進行工作，COVAX是一種負責(zé)疫苗集中購買和公平分配的機制。）和Then it needs to find ways to distribute vaccines by need，which varies from country to country.（然后，它需要找到根據(jù)需要分發(fā)疫苗的方法，這因國家而異。）可知，COVAX是一種負責(zé)疫苗集中購買和公平分配的機制，根據(jù)每個國家的情況，根據(jù)需要在全球范圍分發(fā)疫苗，由此可知，COVAX是一個按需求在全球范圍內(nèi)分配疫苗的計劃。故選D。這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了新型冠狀病毒肺炎疫情下，有的國家面臨疫苗短缺的問題，及解決這一問題的方法。做這類題材閱讀理解時要求考生對文章通讀一遍，做題時結(jié)合原文和題目有針對性的找出相關(guān)語句進行仔細分析，結(jié)合選項選出正確答案。做題時要在抓住關(guān)鍵句子的基礎(chǔ)上合理的分析才能得出正確答案，切忌胡亂猜測，一定要做到有理有據(jù)。 16~20.【答案】B、E、A、D、C 【解析】（1）B.細節(jié)理解題。本段開頭論述Words of praise,when used right,can have powerful positive effects on others??????????夸贊有積極的作用，并且對接受者有很大意義。橫線后的句子Your members didn't follow you because of salaries but for more altruistic（利他的）reasons論述的觀點是：你的成員們跟隨你不是因為薪水更多是因為利他原因，這一句的論述場景很明確是"企業(yè)，組織"，所以作為過渡承接的只有"B.在志愿組織中更是如此。"合適，"voluntary organizations"正好與前面的不是因為薪水照應(yīng)，故選B。（2）E.主旨判斷題。本段通過兩個例子，比較夸贊言語上的不同。例子一，Don't say,"You look good today."?When you could have said,"You look amazing today!"????????????你本可以說"你今天看起來棒極了！"而不要說"你今天看起來很好"；例子二，"I'm so thankful…"相較于前者簡單的"thanks for your effort"在夸贊上表現(xiàn)更豐富，更強烈。所以，這兩個例子的共同點都是在強調(diào)夸贊要夸到位，不要簡簡單單地隨意一句，第二段用了"don't say"可見，作者認為有尺度的贊美根本不是贊美，所以"E.記住，有分寸的表揚根本不是表揚。"符合語境。故選E。（3）A.細節(jié)理解題。本段第一句…be sure that it's coming from your heart（一定要發(fā)自內(nèi)心）以及后面具體描述Don't praise if you don't have a hint of appreciation for the person,????????????不要在你沒有一絲感激的時候去夸贊別人，因為這種虛偽很明顯。并且本段也出現(xiàn)了"insincere praise"作為反面比較，所以可以明確本段強調(diào)的要點是夸贊需要表現(xiàn)真誠，所以"A.所以你需要真誠的贊美。"符合語境。故選A。（4）D.推理判斷題。本段第一句praising in public is rather important表明觀點，公開夸贊是相當(dāng)重要的，并在后面通過舉例When you praise a partner in public,you lift him up and his conduct for everyone in the room to see.Look for opportunities where you can publicly celebrate the hard work of certain people and make them feel they are great???????????????????????????????????????論述了公開表揚帶來的好處，會讓被鼓勵的人即使遇到困難的工作也感覺良好，并指出要尋找機會公開夸贊別人，也就是說，公開夸贊比私下夸贊更有效，所以"D.這比私下表揚有效得多。"符合語境。故選D。（5）C.推理判斷題?？崭袂耙痪鋋s you begin using these communication tips and praising people around you,you'll see a change in the atmosphere of your work environment?????????????????????闡述觀點，通過運用夸贊的技巧可以改善工作氛圍，空格后一句you'll find yourself with a more effective team!（你會發(fā)現(xiàn)自己擁有了一個更有效率的團隊 !）而上一段也論述了夸贊會讓接受者感到感覺良好，換句話說，就是讓人變得開心，所以氛圍才會改善，所以"C.人們會變得更快樂，微笑更多。"符合語境。故選C。本文為說明文。介紹的是夸贊帶給人的積極作用，以及在進行夸贊時需要注意的一些事項。七選五閱讀是完成性閱讀，和完形填空很類似，不同的是一個選詞，一個選句子。解題時，要注意上下文語境，充分考慮信息詞（選項中和空格前后句子中相同或相近的詞），選出最符合語境的句子。 21~35.【答案】C、D、B、C、A、B、B、A、D、A、B、D、D、C、A 【解析】（1）C.考查副詞及語境理解。A.definitely確定地；B.unusually特別地；C.relatively相對地；D.tipically典型地。句意：手術(shù)相對較小，但確實有癱瘓的風(fēng)險。根據(jù)下文"but does carry a risk of paralysis （癱瘓）"可知，手術(shù)小是相對而言，但還是有高風(fēng)險。故選C項。（2）D.考查動詞及語境理解。A.listened聽；B.objected反對；C.stuck粘，貼；D.reated反應(yīng)。句意：朋友和家人對這個消息的反應(yīng)是如此悲觀，以至于媽媽把這種談話稱為"心理盜竊"。根據(jù)下文"by talking in such pessimistic terms"可知，這是朋友和家人的反應(yīng)。故選D項。（3）B.考查動詞及語境理解。A.choose選擇；B.label貼標(biāo)簽，把....稱為；C.employ雇用；D.mistake誤解。句意：朋友和家人對這個消息的反應(yīng)是如此悲觀，以至于媽媽把這種談話稱為"心理盜竊"。根據(jù)下文as?"psychological?theft"可知，這是作者媽媽把這種談話稱為"psychological?theft"。故選B項。（4）C.考查介詞短語及語境理解。A.in need of需要；B.in favor of支持；C.instead of而不是；D.regardless of不顧。句意：當(dāng)別人增加你的焦慮而不是提供安慰時，就會發(fā)生這種情況。根據(jù)上文"increase your anxiety"可知，這種談話帶來的是焦慮而不是安慰。故選C項。（5）A.考查動詞短語及語境理解。A.ran into偶遇；B.looked for尋找；C.heard of聽說；D.turned to轉(zhuǎn)向。句意：上周媽媽遇到了在當(dāng)?shù)貙W(xué)校工作的杰夫。根據(jù)下文作者媽媽和Geoff對話可知，媽媽遇到了Geoff。故選A項。（6）B.考查名詞及語境理解。A.cure治愈；B.operation手術(shù)；C.treatment對待；D.break裂縫。句意：我的背一直有些問題，我需要做個手術(shù)。根據(jù)第一段"My mom is about to have a spinal （脊柱的）operation."可知，媽媽告訴Geoff她需要做手術(shù)。故選B項。（7）B.考查形容詞及語境理解。A.secure安全的；B.dangerous危險的；C.common共同的；D.apparent顯而易見的。句意：背部是最危險的手術(shù)部位。根據(jù)下文"My?mom?had?that?and?she?was?in?terrible?pain.?"可知，Geoff在講背部手術(shù)的危險和帶來的痛苦。故選B項。（8）A.考查名詞及語境理解。A.intention目的；B.assumption假定；C.emotion情緒；D.description描述。句意：杰夫的本意是善良的。根據(jù)下文"He'd given his own mother's story to show sympathy"可知，Geoff的本意是表達同情，所以是善良的。故選A項。（9）D.考查連詞及語境理解。A.because因為；B.as當(dāng)......時候；C.when當(dāng)......時候；D.yet然而。句意：為了表示同情，他講述了自己母親的故事，但母親只聽到了危險和痛苦。根據(jù)下文"Mom only heard danger and pain"可知，Geoff的話讓媽媽感到危險和痛苦，與他的本意不一樣，上下文有轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。故選D項。（10）A.考查形容詞及語境理解。A.alternative可替代的；B.reliable可靠的；C.reasonable合情理的；D.attractive吸引人的。句意：人們可以有其他的選擇，同樣正確，但對病人更有益。根據(jù)下文"that?would?be?equally?true,but?more?（11）to?patients."可知，除了說Geoff一樣的話，我們有還有其它可替代的選擇。故選A項。（11）B.考查形容詞及語境理解。A.obvious明顯的；B.beneficial有益的；C.significant重要的；D.familiar熟悉的。句意：人們可以有其他的選擇，同樣正確，但對病人更有益。根據(jù)下文的舉例"The?specialists?in?our?hospitals?are?among?the?best?in?the?world."和"You're?going?to?feel?much?better?"可知，這種說法更能讓人接受，能給病人帶來好處。故選B項。（12）D.考查副詞及語境理解。A.occasionally偶然；B.permanently永久地；C.initially最初；D.ultimately最終。句意：最終你會感覺好很多。根據(jù)上文"You're going to"可知，說的是將要發(fā)生的事情，所以最終會好起來的。故選D項。（13）D.考查動詞及語境理解。A.released釋放；B.deleted刪除；C.separated分開；D.sheltered躲避，避難。句意：我并不是說病人應(yīng)該躲避他們所承擔(dān)的現(xiàn)實風(fēng)險。根據(jù)上文"I'm?not?suggesting"和下文"from?the?reality?of?the?risks"可推知，作者認為病人不應(yīng)該對風(fēng)險視而不見，不應(yīng)該躲避風(fēng)險。故選D項。（14）C.考查動詞及語境理解。A.accepted接受；B.made制造；C.avoided避免；D.reached抵達。句意：但是，如果真的不能避免手術(shù)的決定，強調(diào)問題又有什么用呢？根據(jù)上文"the?decision?to?have?an?operation?can't?really?be"可知，作者假設(shè)如果手術(shù)不能避免的情況。故選C項。（15）A.考查名詞及語境理解。A.drawbacks不利條件；B.strengths優(yōu)勢；C.dimensions方面；D.procedures程序。句意：但是，如果真的不能避免手術(shù)的決定，強調(diào)問題又有什么用呢？根據(jù)上文可知，作者認為向病人描述疾病的風(fēng)險沒有意義，應(yīng)該換一種更有益的說法，句中說如果手術(shù)不能避免，強調(diào)疾病的問題和風(fēng)險有什么意義呢？drawbacks表示"不利條件"。故選A項。本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。作者通過講述母親手術(shù)的經(jīng)歷來告訴我們，向病人描述疾病的風(fēng)險沒有意義，應(yīng)該換一種更有益的說法。做完形填空首先要通讀全文，了解大意。一篇完形填空的文章有許多空格，所以，必須先通讀一至兩遍，才能大概了解文章的內(nèi)容。千萬不要看一句，做一句。其次要逐句分析，前后一致。選擇答案時，要考慮整個句子的內(nèi)容，包括搭配、時態(tài)、語法等。答案全部填完后，再通讀一遍文章，檢查是否通順流暢了，用詞是否得當(dāng)，意思是否正確。 36.【答案】【小題1】to find 【小題2】the most productive 【小題3】on 【小題4】Supposing 【小題5】had taken 【小題6】other 【小題7】whose 【小題8】was put 【小題9】the 【小題10】activities 【解析】（1）考查動詞不定式。句意：他打開一個盒子，卻發(fā)現(xiàn)里面有18萬美元，上面有一封匿名信和一個回信地址。only to find表示"卻發(fā)現(xiàn)......"，作結(jié)果狀語，表示出乎意料的結(jié)果，故填to find （2）考查最高級。句意：紐約城市學(xué)院是美國最具生產(chǎn)力的公立大學(xué)系統(tǒng)之一，物理系發(fā)揮了關(guān)鍵作用。one of+the 最高級+可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式，表示"最......的其中一個"，故填the most productive。（3）考查介詞。句意：三位諾貝爾物理學(xué)獎獲得者在那里接受了教育，1921年阿爾伯特?愛因斯坦在校園里做了他第一次演講。on campus表示"在校園"，符合句意，故填on。（4）考查現(xiàn)在分詞。句意：假設(shè)你對我為什么這么做有點好奇，原因很簡單。supposing that...表示"假如......"符合句意，且首字母大寫，故填Supposing。（5）考查動詞時態(tài)。句意：它繼續(xù)解釋說，多年前，它慷慨的作者利用了城市學(xué)院提供的良好教育機會，學(xué)習(xí)物理，獲得碩士學(xué)位，并做了一份長期的、富有成效的、回報豐厚的科學(xué)工作。結(jié)合句意可知，動作發(fā)生在continued前面，表示過去的過去，故用過去完成時，故填had taken。（6）考查形容詞。句意：寄件人希望將這筆錢提供給學(xué)習(xí)物理和其他科學(xué)的貧困學(xué)生。other表示"其他的"符合句意，作定語修飾sciences，故填other。（7）考查定語從句。句意：回信地址是佛羅里達州彭薩科拉的一所房子，房子的主人根本不知道這筆錢。此處引導(dǎo)定語從句，先行詞為Florida，在從句中作定語，故填whose。（8）考查動詞時態(tài)、語態(tài)及主謂一致。句意：起初這筆錢被放在一邊，但經(jīng)過兩個月的研究，沒有發(fā)現(xiàn)任何可以將其與不合法活動聯(lián)系起來的東西，學(xué)院領(lǐng)導(dǎo)決定保留并好好利用這筆錢。結(jié)合句意可知，句子在講述過去發(fā)生的事情，故用一般過去時，主語為The?money，謂語動詞用三單形式，且與put之間是被動關(guān)系，故填was put。（9）考查冠詞。句意：起初這筆錢被放在一邊，但經(jīng)過兩個月的研究，沒有發(fā)現(xiàn)任何可以將其與不合法活動聯(lián)系起來的東西，學(xué)院領(lǐng)導(dǎo)決定保留并好好利用這筆錢。結(jié)合句意可知，此處表示特指，故用定冠詞，故填the。（10）考查可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)。句意：起初這筆錢被放在一邊，但經(jīng)過兩個月的研究，沒有發(fā)現(xiàn)任何可以將其與不合法活動聯(lián)系起來的東西，學(xué)院領(lǐng)導(dǎo)決定保留并好好利用這筆錢。結(jié)合句意和are可知，此處用名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式，故填activities。本文為記敘文，主要講述了Vinod?Menon資助學(xué)生的事情。語法填空考查學(xué)生英語綜合知識的運用，做題時要首先明確短文大意，從詞語搭配，固定句型，語法，時態(tài)等方面綜合考慮，結(jié)合上下文語境找出正確答案。 37.【答案】Dear Attlee， How's it going？For the coming summer holiday，I am planning to travel to Hong Kong!I am now writing to ask for your advice.（旅游地點的推薦） First，where do you think I should go？As you know，any place of historic interest fascinates me，not only for its cultural significance but also for its long-lasting appeal to history enthusiasts like me. 【高分句型一】Besides，I am always tempted almost beyond resistance by beautiful scenery，and Hong Kong surely has a great reputation for it.As for travelling in Hong Kong，do you have any other suggestions？（旅游注意事項） I can't wait to see what you are going to recommend! 【高分句型二】Thank you!（感謝） Yours truly，Li Hua 【解析】高分句型一：As you know，any place of historic interest fascinates me，not only for its cultural significance but also for its long-lasting appeal to history enthusiasts like me. 譯文：如你所知，任何歷史名勝都令我著迷，不僅因為它的文化意義，而且因為它對像我這樣的歷史愛好者的持久吸引力。分析：這句話使用了as引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句。高分句型二：I can't wait to see what you are going to recommend! 譯文：我迫不及待地想看看你要推薦什么！分析：這句話使用了what引導(dǎo)的賓語從句。這是一篇提綱類作文，需要寫的內(nèi)容已經(jīng)給出，但是寫作時不要僅僅對要點進行生硬的翻譯，而是要添加些內(nèi)容，使文章看起來更充實，要組成一篇通順連貫的短文，一定要談?wù)勛约旱目捶?。需要注意緊扣文章主題，給出的要點都需要包括，缺一不可。寫作時注意準(zhǔn)確運用時態(tài)，上下文意思連貫，符合邏輯關(guān)系，不能出現(xiàn)文章脫節(jié)問題。盡量使用自己熟悉的單詞句式，同時也要注意使用高級詞匯和高級句型使文章顯得更有檔次。同時注意要求的字?jǐn)?shù)，不要太多也不要太少。 38.【答案】I started keeping track of the money he made every day.When I gave him pocket money two days later，he set aside the entire amount for the trip.He was having lunch with just ＄2 or ＄3 every day and was saving about ＄1 a day.Seeing the amount go up day by day，I felt both relieved and worried.As a matter of fact，many a time did I want to just hand over the money and say "Go and and enjoy" But I told myself that I was doing this only for his good. Despite my concern and anxiety，pal seemed to enjoy the process.Thus，what I did in the following days was just witness him record the amount and give him a high five.Two days before the due date when he arrived home after school，he cried with excitement， "Mom，I made it!" seeing the bright smile in Paul's face and the shaking fist in triumph，I hugged him tightly with grateful tears in my eyes.I was sure that he would enjoy the trip better through making the money himself by a little sacrifice. 【解析】這是一篇讀后續(xù)寫。文章以人物為線索展開，講述了作者的兒子Paul想要參加學(xué)校組織的旅行，為了不慣壞孩子，作者和丈夫商量后同意孩子去參加，但要他自己掙旅行需要的開銷。孩子高興地答應(yīng)了。高分句型一：Seeing the amount go up day by day，I felt both relieved and worried. 翻譯：看到這個數(shù)字一天比一天高，我感到既放心又擔(dān)心。分析：運用了現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語。高分句型二：But I told myself that I was doing this only for his good. 翻譯：但我告訴自己，我這樣做只是為了他好。分析：運用了that引導(dǎo)賓語從句。解題方法點撥 ?（1）品讀原文，確定文章線索 ? ?????每篇文章都有各自獨特的寫作思路，通過精讀文章，找到該篇文章的寫作線索。如是以時間為線索還是以空間為線索等這樣有利于考生"順藤摸瓜（結(jié)尾）"。 ? ?????（2）仔細審題，明確續(xù)寫要求 ? ?????一般短文后面的"注意"都有對此次短文續(xù)寫的具體要求，如詞數(shù)限制使用幾處標(biāo)有下劃線的關(guān)鍵詞語。續(xù)寫段落的首句提示，這樣考生可以做到"心中有數(shù)"。 ? ?????（3）回扣原文，揣摩續(xù)寫思路 ? ?????根據(jù)文章后面的要求，再次快速閱讀短文，抓住文章的思路結(jié)合段首的提示語最終確定續(xù)寫段落的思路。同時結(jié)合文章畫線詞語提示，確定續(xù)寫段落的內(nèi)容。 ? ?????（4）擬寫草稿，修改錯詞病句 ? ?????在確定了思路和內(nèi)容之后，最關(guān)鍵的就是結(jié)合提示語或者文中畫線的關(guān)鍵詞擬寫草稿。擬寫時，注意句子結(jié)構(gòu)的多樣性，語言的豐富性，并通過句與句之間連接詞的正確使用，使上下文連貫。

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