
考點分析
一、數(shù)詞
中考對數(shù)詞的考查主要圍繞基數(shù)詞和序數(shù)詞的用法、時刻表達法、年、月、日表達法、電話號碼及編號、分數(shù)的表達法、百分數(shù)的表達法、加減乘除表示法、hundred、thusand、millin、billin的用法。卷面中數(shù)詞所占分值約為 2-3分左右,一般分布在單選、完形填空、翻譯中。
二、主謂一致
主謂一致是中考英語的重要語法項目之一,從近年來中考的試題來看,中考主謂一致方面的考題主要考知識的記憶情況??疾橹髦^一致的常見題型有單項選擇,完型填空等。做這類題時,必須找出句子的真正主語,然后根據(jù)記憶的知識作出判斷。同時,要遵循三個原則:語法一致、意義一致和就近原則。
知識梳理
一、數(shù)詞
一、基數(shù)詞和序數(shù)詞的構(gòu)成規(guī)則
思維導(dǎo)圖記知識點
主要掌握1-13及20、21等的序數(shù)詞的形式,其它序數(shù)詞都是在基數(shù)詞末尾加-th,是有規(guī)律可循的。
ne—firstsix—sixtheleven—eleventh
tw—secndseven—seventhtwelve—twelfth
three—thirdeight—eighththirteen—thirteenth
fur—furthnine—ninthtwenty—twentieth
five—fifthten—tenthtwenty-ne—twenty-first
thirty—thirtieth
另外,序數(shù)詞的縮略形式是由阿拉伯?dāng)?shù)字加序數(shù)詞的最后兩個字母構(gòu)成。例如:1st, 25th。
基數(shù)詞記憶口訣:
基數(shù)詞很容易,0至12詞各異,單獨記。13至19,以teen結(jié)尾不要丟;20至90,整十后面有個ty;幾十幾,也容易:先說幾十,再說幾,中間短杠“-”加上去。hundred是一百,
百內(nèi)數(shù)字記心懷。幾百幾,挺容易:先說幾百,再說幾,中間and加上去。thusand是一千,
千內(nèi)數(shù)字記心間。
序數(shù)詞記憶口訣:
基變序,很容易,基后th跟上去,第一、二、三要牢記,因為它們是特殊的(first、secnd、third)。8去t,9去e;ve要用f替,5 和12記心里;y尾單詞變ie,此類詞都是整十的;上述變化要牢記,th后面跟上去。要變幾十幾,也是很容易:只變個位就可以。
二、時刻表達法。
思維導(dǎo)圖記知識點
表示時刻有兩種說法:
1) 先說分鐘,后說鐘點。幾點過幾分,分鐘不超過三十分鐘時用past。例如:
It’s five past eight nw. 現(xiàn)在是八點(過)五分。
幾點差幾分或差幾分幾點,差的分鐘數(shù)不超過二十九分鐘時,用t。例如:
It’s twenty-nine t eight. 八點差二十九分。
It’s a quarter t eight. 差一刻八點。
2)先說鐘點,后說分鐘。在日常生活中,為了簡便,常用這種說法。例如:
It’s eight thirty. 八點三十分。
三、年、月、日表達法
思維導(dǎo)圖記知識點
年份用基數(shù)詞表示,一般寫為阿拉伯?dāng)?shù)字,讀時可以以hundred為單位,也可以以世紀(jì)、年代為單位分別來讀。如:1949 讀作 nineteen hundred and frty-nine 或 nineteen frty-nine;2000讀作twenty hundred,或tw thusand。
表示在哪一年,一般在年份前加介詞in,使用year時,year放在數(shù)詞之前。如:in the year tw fifty-three B.C. 在公元前253年。但是,通常采用in加表示年份的阿拉伯?dāng)?shù)字。
2)在哪個月用介詞in加月份詞表示。例如:in May在五月。
3)日期用定冠詞the加序數(shù)詞表示。在哪一天要用介詞n。例如:
Natinal Day is n Oct. 1. (=Natinal Day is n the 1st f Octber.) 國慶節(jié)是十月一日。
4)美國英語的月份在日期前面, 如:2008年8月3日表達為August 3, 2008;英國英語的習(xí)慣是日在月前, 如:3 August 2008或3rd August 2008.
四、電話號碼及編號。
編號既可以用序數(shù)詞,也可用基數(shù)詞。例如: the first lessn -- Lessn One 第一課
the fiftieth page -- page 50第五十頁
有的編號習(xí)慣上常用基數(shù)詞。例如: Rm 829 (讀作eight tw nine) 829號房間
Tel. N. 2793586 (讀作Telephne number tw seven nine three five eight six)
五、分數(shù)的表達法
分數(shù)由基數(shù)詞和序數(shù)詞合成。分子用基數(shù)詞,分母用序數(shù)詞。分子是1 時,分母用單數(shù)形式;分子大于1時,分母用復(fù)數(shù)形式。例如:1/3 → ne third;2/3 → tw thirds
六、加減乘除表示法。
思維導(dǎo)圖記知識點
1)“加”用plus,and或add表示;“等于”用is,make,equal等詞表示。
1+2=? 可表示為:Hw much is ne plus tw?
If we add ne t/and tw, we get three.一加二等于三。
2)“減”用 minus表示。
10-6=? Hw much is ten minus six?
Take six frm ten and the remainder is fur. 十減去六等于四。
3) “乘”用time(動詞)或multiply表示。
3X7=? Hw much is three times seven?
Three multiplied by seven makes twenty-ne.三乘以七等于二十一。
4) “除”用divide的過去分詞形式表示。
12 ÷ 4=? Hw much is twelve divided by fur?
Twelve divided by fur equals/gives/makes three.十二除以四等于三。
二、主謂一致
思維導(dǎo)圖記知識
主謂一致概述:
謂語受主語支配,須和主語在人稱和數(shù)上保持一致,這叫做主謂一致。主謂一致一般遵循三條原則:語法一致原則,意義一致原則和就近一致原則。
1. 語法一致的原則
(1)以單數(shù)名詞或代詞,動詞不定式短語作主語時,謂語動詞要用單數(shù);主語為復(fù)數(shù)時,謂語用復(fù)數(shù),例如:
He ges t schl early every mrning.
The children are playing utside.
T wrk hard is necessary fr a student.
(2)由and或bth……and連接的并列成分作主語時,謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)。例如:
Bth he and I are right.
Mr Black and Mrs Black have a sn called Tm.
但并列主語如果指的是同一人,同一事物或同一概念,謂語動詞用單數(shù)。例如:
His teacher and friend is a beautiful girl.
The pet and writer has cme.
(3)由and連接的并列單數(shù)主語之前如果分別由each, every修飾時,其謂語動詞要用單數(shù)形式。例如:
In ur cuntry every by and every girl has the right t receive educatin.
Each man and each wman is asked t help.
(4)主語是單數(shù)時,盡管后面跟有 but ,except, besides, with 等介詞短語,謂語動詞仍用單數(shù)。例如:
The teacher with his students is ging t visit the museum.
Nbdy but tw bys was late fr class.
Bread and butter is a daily fd in the west.
(5) 一些只有復(fù)數(shù)形式的名詞,如peple, plice, cattle, clthes等作主語時,謂語動詞要用復(fù)數(shù)。例如:
A lt f peple are dancing utside.
The plice are lking fr lst by.
(6)由each, sme, any, n, every 構(gòu)成的復(fù)合代詞作主語時,謂語動詞都用單數(shù)。例如:
Is everybdy ready?
Smebdy is using the phne.
(7)有兩部分構(gòu)成的物體的名詞,如glasses, shes, trusers, chpsticks, scissrs 等作主語時,謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)。例如:
Where are my shes? I can’t find them.
Yur trusers are dirty. Yu’d better change them.
如果這類名詞前用了a pair f等,則往往用作單數(shù),謂語動詞的單復(fù)數(shù)形式往往取決于pair的單復(fù)數(shù)形式。例如:
Here are sme new pairs f shes.
My new pair f scks is n the bed.
2. 意義一致的原則
(1)表時間、距離、價格、度量衡等的名詞作主語時,謂語動詞通常用單數(shù)。例如:
Twenty years is nt a lng time.
Ten dllars is t dear.
(2)有些集合名詞,如family, team等作主語時,如作為一個整體看待,謂語動詞用單數(shù);如指其中每個成員,則用復(fù)數(shù)。例如:
My family is big ne.
My family are watching TV.
(3)不定代詞由all, mst, mre, sme, any, nne作主語時,也要依這些代詞表示的意義來決定謂語動詞的單復(fù)數(shù)形式。如果代詞代表復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞,謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù);如果代詞代表單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞或不可數(shù)名詞,謂語動詞用單數(shù)。例如:
All f the wrk has been finished.
All f the peple have gne.
(4)疑問代詞作主語時,其謂語動詞也有兩種情況:主語表示復(fù)數(shù)意義,謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù);主語表示單數(shù)意義,則謂語動詞用單數(shù)。例如:
Wh is yur brther?
Wh are League members?
(5)“分數(shù)或百分數(shù)+f+名詞”構(gòu)成的詞組作主語時,其謂語動詞要以f后面的名詞而定。名詞是復(fù)數(shù),謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù):名詞是單數(shù),謂語動詞用單數(shù)。例如:
It is said that 35 per cent f the dctrs are wmen.
Three -furths f the surface f the earth is sea.
(6)half, the rest等表示不定數(shù)量的名詞作主語時,如果所指為復(fù)數(shù)意義,動詞用復(fù)數(shù);如果所指為單數(shù)意義,動詞用單數(shù)。例如:
I have read a large part f the bk, the rest is mre difficult.
Only ten students attended the class because all the rest were ff sick.
(7)由what 引導(dǎo)地主于從句作主語時,通常謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。但如果所指內(nèi)容為復(fù)數(shù)意義時,謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。例如:
What she said is crrect.
What she left me are a few ld bks.
(8)凡是以“定冠詞+形容詞(或分詞)”作主語,往往根據(jù)意義一致的原則決定謂語動詞的單復(fù)數(shù)形式。如果這種主語指的是一類人,謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù);如果指的是一個人或抽象概念,謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。例如:
The sick have been cured and the lst have been fund.
The dead is a famus persn.
3. 鄰近一致的原則
(1)由連詞r, either……r, neither……nr, nt nly…but als,等連接的并列主語,如果一個是單數(shù),一個是復(fù)數(shù),則謂語動詞按就近一致原則,與最靠近它的主語一致。例如:
Either yu r I am right.
Neither the children nr the teacher knws anything abut it.
(2)在“There be” 句型中,謂語動詞和靠近的主語一致。
There are tw apples and ne egg in it.
(3)as well as 和名詞連用時,謂語動詞和第一個名詞相一致。
He as well as I is respnsible fr it.
不但是我,他對這件事也有責(zé)任。
(4)以here開頭的句子,其謂語動詞和靠近的主語一致。
Here is a letter and sme bks fr yu.
三年中考真題
1.(2020·四川資陽·中考真題)The Yangtze River is ________ lngest river in the wrld.
A.threeB.thirdC.the threeD.the third
2.(2020·遼寧朝陽·中考真題)— Hw ld is yur daughter, Mr. Brwn?
— ________. We had a special party fr her ________ birthday last Friday.
A.Twelve; twelfthB.Twelfth; twelveC.Twelve; twelveD.Twelfth; twelfth
3.(2020·廣西河池·中考真題)—I have three sft tys in the living rm and twelve in my bedrm.
—Oh dear! S yu have________ sft tys!
A.threeB.nineC.fifteenD.thirty-six
4.(2020·西藏·中考真題)The new bridge is ________ metres lng.
A.six hundred, fifty and fiveB.six hundreds and fifty-five
C.six hundred, fifty-fiveD.six hundred and fifty-five
5.(2021·西藏·中考真題)Qmlangma is the highest muntain in the wrld. It is ver eight ________ meters high.
A.thusands fB.thusand fC.thusandsD.thusand
6.(2021·內(nèi)蒙古內(nèi)蒙古·中考真題)The Cmmunist Party f China is 100 years ld this year. We will celebrate her ________ birthday n July 1st.
A.hundredB.the hundredC.hundredthD.the hundredth
7.(2021·青海西寧·中考真題)—I like number “9” best, because I think it stands fr “l(fā)ng lasting”.
—Me t. S I chse ________ flr t live n.
A.nineB.ninthC.the ninthD.nineteen
8.(2022·西藏·中考真題)The ________ day f Octber is Natinal Day.
A.neB.twC.firstD.secnd
9.(2022·山東東營·中考真題)Dentist: Madam, twenty-five dllars fr pulling yur sn’s tth, please.
Madam: Twenty-five dllars! But yu tld me five dllars each patient.
Dentist: Yes. But yur sn cried s lud. He scared away (嚇跑)________ ther patients.
A.furB.fiveC.twentyD.twenty-five
10.(2022·遼寧鞍山·中考真題)—Did yu watch the secnd “Tiangng lecture” (天宮課堂) n March 23, 2022?
—Yes, abut tw ________ students in ur schl watched it.
A.thusandB.thusands fC.millinD.millins f
11.(2022·山東濟南·中考真題)The cuple have tw kids. They are happy that they’ll have the ________ ne sn.
A.firstB.secndC.thirdD.furth
12.(2022·廣西河池·中考真題)Nwadays, ________ birds fly t the warm suth in winter.
A.millinB.millinsC.tw millinsD.millins f
13.(2020·甘肅蘭州·中考真題)Be quiet, please. They _________ a meeting nw.
A.haveB.hadC.a(chǎn)re havingD.were having
14.(2020·內(nèi)蒙古內(nèi)蒙古·中考真題)The pht________ taken by my classmate last week is very nice.
A.which wereB.that isC.that wereD.which was
15.(2020·廣西賀州·中考真題)—Wh can take part in ur schl singing cmpetitin?
—________ Lucy ________ Lily are OK. They’re gd at singing.
A.Either; rB.Neither; nrC.Nt nly; but alsD.Bth; and
16.(2020·廣西河池·中考真題)—Where is Mr. Smith?
—He isn't here. He ________Shanghai.
A.has gne tB.has been t
C.have gne tD.have been t
17.(2021·四川巴中·中考真題)—Amazing! Tm gt the best grade in the test last week.
—Nthing ________ impssible. He studies really hard this term.
A.isB.a(chǎn)reC.haveD.has
18.(2021·貴州黔西·中考真題) A number f wild elephants are mving twards the nrth in Yunnan Prvince.
A.FewB.SeveralC.LittleD.Much
19.(2021·西藏·中考真題)Sme peple think ne f the mst useful inventins ________ the smartphne.
A.a(chǎn)reB.isC.wereD.be
20.(2021·江蘇淮安·中考真題)Bth Sandy and Millie ________ interested in cking. They ften learn t ck at weekends.
A.a(chǎn)mB.isC.a(chǎn)reD.be
21.(2022·西藏·中考真題)The number f the students in ur class ________ fifty-fur.
A.beB.isC.a(chǎn)reD.a(chǎn)m
22.(2022·貴州黔東南·中考真題)In ur schl library, there _________ a number f bks n art. The number f the bks _________ still grwing larger and larger.
A.is; isB.a(chǎn)re; isC.is; areD.a(chǎn)re; are
23.(2022·貴州黔西·中考真題)Neither Saturday nr Sunday________ OK because I will be quite busy these tw days.
A.a(chǎn)reB.isC.a(chǎn)mD.be
24.(2022·貴州銅仁·中考真題)—Using public chpsticks ______ necessary when eating with thers.
—That’s right.
A.isB.a(chǎn)reC.wasD.were
兩年模擬演練
25.(2021·廣西·都安瑤族自治縣教學(xué)研究室三模)________ f the wrld’s bks and newspapers are written in English.
A.Thirds furB.Threes furthC.Three quarterD.Three quarters
26.(2021·遼寧沈陽·二模)—There are sixty students in ur class. And _________ f us are bys.
—Ww! Yu have thirty-six girls.
A.tw thirdsB.tw fifthsC.ne thirdD.ne furth
27.(2021·廣西·平樂縣教育局教研室二模)The envirnment here becmes better and better. ________ birds are cming back.
A.Thusands fB.Thusand fC.Thusands
28.(2021·黑龍江齊齊哈爾·二模)— The Cmmunist Party f China will celebrate her ________ birthday this year.
— That’s really exciting.
A.ne hundredsB.ne hundredthC.ne hundred
29.(2021·遼寧·丹東市第十七中學(xué)二模)—Dad, Culd yu tell me ________?
—Well, it’s large and full f water. It cvers abut ________ f the earth.
A.hw the sea is; ne thirdB.what the sea is like; three quarters
C.hw’s the sea; three-furthD.what the sea is like; three quarter
30.(2022·青?!ぶ味嗫h第二民族寄宿中學(xué)模擬預(yù)測)In her ________, she wrte many famus nvels and wn a big prize.
A.thirtyB.thirtiesC.thirtieth
31.(2022·江蘇連云港·模擬預(yù)測)Ten years later, China’s Qieyang Shijie finally gt the Olympic gld medal(獎牌). She came ________ in the wmen’s 20km race walk at the Lndn 2012 Olympics.
A.the thirdsB.thirdC.threeD.the three
32.(2022·山東·無棣縣教育科學(xué)研究中心二模)—________ peple prefer HUAWEI phnes, and abut ________ f them are adults.
—Yes. HUAWEI is very ppular nwadays.
A.The number f; fur-fifthsB.A number f; fur-fifth
C.A number f; fur-fifthsD.The number f; fur-five
33.(2022·山東·陽信縣教育科學(xué)研究中心一模)The cake is delicius. Culd yu give me ________ ne?
A.therB.the therC.a(chǎn)ntherD.thers
34.(2022·湖北咸寧·模擬預(yù)測)The number f the cars in ur neighburhd ________ abut eight ________.
A.is; hundredB.a(chǎn)re; hundredC.is; hundredsD.a(chǎn)re; hundreds
35.(2021·廣西·都安瑤族自治縣教學(xué)研究室三模)Nt nly Jenny’s parents but als her brther ________ Lndn. They will cme back in a mnth.
A.has been tB.have been tC.has gne tD.have gne t
36.(2021·廣西·都安瑤族自治縣教學(xué)研究室二模)________ the yung ________ the ld are getting interested in WeChat.
A.Nt nly; but alsB.Neither; nrC.Nt; butD.Either; r
37.(2021·山東青島·一模)Tea ________ in many different areas in China.
A.is plantingB.a(chǎn)re grwnC.is prducedD.a(chǎn)re picking
38.(2021·山東青島·一模)Jhn ________ phts with his classmates when it began t rain heavily.
A.were readingB.was takingC.is buyingD.a(chǎn)re cleaning
39.(2021·貴州畢節(jié)·二模)I hear there ________ a new middle schl in Guiyang next year.
A.will haveB.is ging t be
C.is ging t haveD.a(chǎn)re ging t be
40.(2022·陜西·無一模)________ the teachers in ur schl is mre than ne hundred, and ________ f them are wmen teachers.
A.A number f; three furthB.A number f; three furths
C.The number f; three quarterD.The number f; three quarters
41.(2022·重慶江津·一模)The mvie THE BATTLE AT LAKE CHANGJIN is ________ a dcumentary ________ a cmedy. It’s a war mvie.
A.neither; nrB.either; r
C.nt nly; but alsD.bth; and
42.(2022·江蘇·常州市武進區(qū)星辰實驗學(xué)校二模)—In fact, everyne has a lamp in himself.
—We shuld light it actively ________ fr thers, ________ fr urselves!
A.either; rB.neither; nrC.nt nly; but alsD.nt; but
43.(2022·甘肅平?jīng)觥ざ#㎝y sister with my parents ________ dumplings frm seven t nine last night.
A.was makingB.a(chǎn)re making
C.is makingD.were making
44.(2022·江蘇連云港·模擬預(yù)測)—Ww, hw clean and tidy ur streets are nw.
—Dn’t yu knw that Mr. Zhang, tgether with ther cleaners ________?
A.tidies them upB.tidied them up
C.have tidied them upD.has tidied them up
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