
?專題05 時態(tài)
精講時態(tài)
一、一般現(xiàn)在時
1. 概念:經(jīng)常、反復(fù)發(fā)生的動作或行為及現(xiàn)在的某種狀況。
2. 用法
(1) 經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性的動作,常與表示頻度的時間狀語連用。
e.g.I leave home for school at 7 every morning。每天早上我七點(diǎn)離開家。
(2) 客觀真理,客觀存在,科學(xué)事實(shí)。
e.g.The earth moves around the sun。地球繞太陽轉(zhuǎn)動。
注意:一般現(xiàn)在時表示客觀真理、科學(xué)事實(shí)及自然現(xiàn)象。此用法即使出現(xiàn)在過去語境中,也用一般現(xiàn)在時。
e.g.The teacher told us that the water boils at 100℃.老師告訴我們水在攝氏100度沸騰。
(3)表示格言或警句。
e.g.Pride goes before a fall。驕者必敗。
注意:此用法如果出現(xiàn)在賓語從句中,即使主句是過去時,從句謂語也要用一般現(xiàn)在時。
e.g.Columbus proved that the earth is round。哥倫布證實(shí)了地球是圓的。
(4) 現(xiàn)在時刻的狀態(tài)、能力、性格、個性。
e.g.I don‘t want so much。我不要那么多。
(5)一般現(xiàn)在時表示將來含義
①.下列動詞come, go, arrive, leave, start, begin, return的一般現(xiàn)在時可以表示將來,主要用來表示在時間上已確定或安排好的事情。
e.g.The train leaves at six tomorrow morning。火車明天上午六點(diǎn)開。
②.在時間或條件句中。
e.g.When Bill comes (不是will come), ask him to wait for me。比爾來后,讓他等我。
(6)用于here, there開頭的倒裝句中,一般現(xiàn)在時表示現(xiàn)在正在發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)。e.g.Here comes the bus.公共汽車來了。
(7)一般現(xiàn)在時可用在由if , unless引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句中,由when, before, until/till, as soon as, the moment , once引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句中,由no matter what/who/which/when/ where/ how或whatever, whoever, whichever, whenever, wherever, however及even if引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句中表將來,這時要求主句是一般將來時或暗指將來。
e.g. I'll go with you as soon as I finish my work.我一完成工作就跟你走。
e.g.Whatever you say, I will not change my mind.無論你說什么,我都不會改變主意。
二、一般過去時
1.概念:過去某個時間里發(fā)生的動作或狀態(tài);過去習(xí)慣性、經(jīng)常性的動作、行為。
2.用法
(1)在確定的過去時間里所發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)。時間狀語有:yesterday, last week, an hour ago, the other day, in 1982等。
e.g.Where did you go just now? 剛才你上哪兒去了?
(2) 表示在過去一段時間內(nèi),經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性的動作。
e.g.When I was a child,I often played football in the street。
(3)used to do“過去常?!北硎具^去習(xí)慣性的動作或狀態(tài),但如今已不存在。
e.g.Mother used not to be so forgetful。老媽過去沒那么健忘。
(4)在虛擬條件句中,對現(xiàn)在或?qū)砬闆r的假想陳述時,條件句一般用過去時。如:
e.g.She would enter a good university if she didn't die.如果她還活著,她會上一所好大學(xué)。
(5)在時間、條件、讓步狀語從句中,用一般過去時代替過去將來時,表示過去將來的動作。
e.g.He told me that he wouldn't go back until his mother promised.他對我說直到他媽媽答應(yīng)他才會回家。(一般過去時代替過去將來時) ?
三、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時
1. 概念:表示現(xiàn)階段或說話時正在進(jìn)行的動作及行為,具有暫時性和未完性的特點(diǎn)
2.時間狀語:now, at this time, these days, etc。
3.用法:
(1) 表示現(xiàn)在(指說話人說話時)正在發(fā)生的事情。
e.g.We are waiting for you。我們正在等你。
(2)習(xí)慣進(jìn)行:表示長期的或重復(fù)性的動作,說話時動作未必正在進(jìn)行。
e.g.Mr。Green is writing another novel。他在寫另一部小說。(說話時并未在寫,只處于寫作的狀態(tài)。)
(3)表示漸變,這樣的動詞有:get, grow, become, turn, run, go, begin等。
e.g.The leaves are turning red。葉子在變紅。
(4)與always, constantly, forever 等詞連用,表示反復(fù)發(fā)生的動作或持續(xù)存在的狀態(tài),往往帶有說話人的主觀色彩。
e.g.You are always changing your mind。你老是改變主意。
(5)用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時表示將來下列動詞come, go, arrive, leave, start, begin, return等瞬時動詞的現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時可以表示將來。
e.g.I’m leaving tomorrow。明天我要走了。
四、過去進(jìn)行時
1.概念:表示過去某段時間或某一時刻正在發(fā)生或進(jìn)行的行為或動作。
2.時間狀語:at this time yesterday, at that time或以when引導(dǎo)的謂語動詞是一般過去時的時間狀語等。
3.用法
(1)過去進(jìn)行時表示過去某段時間內(nèi)持續(xù)進(jìn)行的動作或者事情。
e.g.We were watching TV from seven to nine last night。
昨天晚上七點(diǎn)到九點(diǎn)的時候我們在看電視。
(2) 過去進(jìn)行時可以表示在過去某個時間點(diǎn)發(fā)生的事情。時間點(diǎn)可以用介詞短語、副詞或從句來表示。
e.g.What was she doing at nine o‘clock yesterday?(介詞短語表示時間點(diǎn))
e.g.She was doing her homework then。那個時候她正在寫作業(yè)。(副詞表示時間點(diǎn))
e.g.When I saw him he was decorating his room。當(dāng)我看見他的時候他正在裝飾房間。(when從句表示時間點(diǎn))
(3)在復(fù)合句中,如果主要動作和背景動作都是延續(xù)的或同時發(fā)生的,那么主從句的動詞都可用過去進(jìn)行時。
e.g.When he was waiting for the bus, he was reading a newspaper。他邊等車邊看報。(兩個動作都是延續(xù)的)
e.g.He was cleaning his car while I was cooking。他擦車時我在做飯。(兩個動作同時進(jìn)行)??
(4)表示從過去某一時間將要發(fā)生的動作,僅限于come, go, start, leave, stay, arrive等動詞。
e.g.He told me he was leaving for Shanghai tomorrow.他告訴我他明天將要去上海。
e.g.They were arriving in a few days.他們將在幾天后到達(dá)。
(5)和現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時一樣(只是時間不同),過去進(jìn)行時也可以和always, forever等詞連用,表示說話人的主觀感情,如贊揚(yáng)、不滿、厭煩等。如:
e.g.He was always trying out new ideas.他總是嘗試一些新的設(shè)想。
五、一般將來時
1.概念:表示將要發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)及打算、計(jì)劃或準(zhǔn)備做某事。
2.時間狀語:tomorrow, next day(week, month, year),soon, in a few minutes, by the day after tomorrow, etc
3.用法
(1)will主要用于在以下三個方面:
①表示主觀意愿的將來。
eg:They will go to visit the factory tomorrow。明天他們將去廠參觀工廠。
eg:I‘ll come with Wang Bing, Liu Tao and Yang Ling。我將和王兵、劉濤、楊玲一起來。
②表示不以人的意志為轉(zhuǎn)移的客觀的將來。
eg:Today is Saturday。Tomorrow will be Sunday。今天是星期六。明天是(將)是星期日。
③表示臨時決定,通常用于對話中?!?br />
eg:-Mary has been ill for a week?!‖旣惒×艘恢芰?。
—Oh, I didn‘t know。I will go and see her。 噢,我不知道。我去看看她。
(2)be going to主要用于一下兩個方面:
1) 表示事先經(jīng)過考慮、安排好打算、計(jì)劃要做某事。
e.g.Dad and I are going to watch an opera this afternoon。今天下午我和爸爸打算去看歌劇。
2) 表示根據(jù)目前某種跡象判斷,某事非常有可能發(fā)生,表示推測。
e.g.Look! There come the dark clouds。It is going to rain。瞧!烏云密集。天要下雨了。??
(3)某些動詞的一般現(xiàn)在時可以表示計(jì)劃、安排將要做的事情,此種用法常常用于火車時刻、飛機(jī)時刻、電影開演、上下課等。如:
e.g.We must hurry up. The first class begins at 8 o'clock.我們必須快點(diǎn),第一節(jié)課將在8點(diǎn)開始。
(4) be about to do表示馬上就要發(fā)生的事。一般不再與具體的時間狀語連用。如:
e.g.Don't go out. We're about to have dinner.別出去了,我們很快就要吃飯。
e.g.I was about to start when it began to rain.我剛要出發(fā)就下起雨來了。
(5)be to do表示計(jì)劃中約定的或按職責(zé)、義務(wù)和要求必須去做的事或即將發(fā)生的動作。如:
e.g.The president is to visit China next week.總統(tǒng)下周來訪問中國。
六、過去將來時
1.概念:立足于過去某一時刻,從過去看將來,常用于賓語從句中。
2.時間狀語:the next day(morning, year),the following month(week),etc。
4.用法
(1) “would+動詞原形”常表示主觀意愿的將來。
e.g.He said he would come to see me。他說他要來看我。
e.g.He told me he would go to Beijing。他告訴我他將去北京。
(2)“was/ were + going to + 動詞原形”常表示按計(jì)劃或安排即將發(fā)生的事。
e.g.She said she was going to start off at once。她說她將立即出發(fā)。
e.g.I was told that he was going to return home。有人告訴我他準(zhǔn)備回家。
注意:此結(jié)構(gòu)還可表示根據(jù)某種跡象來看,很可能或即將發(fā)生的事情。
e.g.It seemed as if it was going to rain??磥砗孟褚掠?。
(3)come, go, leave, arrive, start等瞬時動詞動詞可用過去進(jìn)行時表示過去將來的含義。
e.g.He said the train was leaving at six the next morning。他說火車將于第二天早晨六點(diǎn)離開。e.g.She told me she was coming to see me。她告訴我她要來看我?!?
七、現(xiàn)在完成時
1. 概念:過去發(fā)生或已經(jīng)完成的動作對現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果,或從過去已經(jīng)開始,持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在并且有可能繼續(xù)下去的動作或狀態(tài)。
2.時間狀語有:lately, recently, in the last/past few days/years(在過去的幾天/年里),since then, up to now, so far(至今)等
3、 用法
(1)since的三種用法
① since +過去一個時間點(diǎn)(如具體的年、月、日期、鐘點(diǎn)、1980, last month, half past six)。
e.g.I have been here since 1989。1989起,我一直在這兒。
② since +一段時間+ ago。
e.g.I have been here since five months ago。我在這兒,已經(jīng)有五個月了。
③ since +從句(一般過去時)。
e.g.Great changes have taken place since you left。你走后,變化可大了。
注意:比較since和forsince 用來說明動作起始時間,for用來說明動作延續(xù)時間長度。
e.g.I have lived here for more than twenty years。我住在這兒二十多年了。
注意:并非有for 作為時間狀語的句子都用現(xiàn)在完成時。
e.g.I worked here for more than twenty years。(我現(xiàn)在已不在這里工作。)??
(2)表示一個動作開始于過去,持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在(也許還將持續(xù)下去)。表示從過去延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在并包括現(xiàn)在在內(nèi)的一段時間的狀語有:lately, recently, in the last/past few days/years(在過去的幾天/年里),since then, up to now, so far(至今)等。
e.g.Mary has been ill since last Sunday.瑪麗從上個星期天開始就生病了。
e.g. I have lived in Korea for two years.我已經(jīng)在韓國住7兩年了。
(3)表示一件發(fā)生在過去的事情對現(xiàn)在產(chǎn)生的影響,注意這時說話者說話的重心在過去的事情對現(xiàn)在產(chǎn)生的影響。常用的狀語有:already, just(剛剛),yet, never, before等。如:
e.g. He has turned off the light.(=The light is off now.)他關(guān)掉燈了。
e.g. The concert has started. ( =The concert is on now.)音樂會開始了。
注意:現(xiàn)在完成時中要用延續(xù)性動詞,不可用短暫性動詞,但要注意短暫性動詞的否定式具有延續(xù)性。如:他買那輛自行車兩年了。
(誤)H e has bought the bike for two years. (buy為短暫性動詞)
(正)H e has had the bike for two years. (have為延續(xù)性動詞)
八、過去完成時
1. 概念:以過去某個時間為標(biāo)準(zhǔn),在此以前發(fā)生的動作或行為,或在過去某動作之前完成的行為,即“過去的過去”。
2. 時間狀語:before, by the end of last year(term, month),etc。
3.基本結(jié)構(gòu):had + done。否定形式:had + not + done。一般疑問句:had放于句首。
4.用法
(1)在told, said, knew, heard, thought等動詞后的賓語從句種。
e.g.She said (that)she had never been to Paris。她告訴我她曾去過巴黎。
(2)在過去不同時間發(fā)生的兩個動作中,發(fā)生在先,用過去完成時;發(fā)生在后,用一般過去時。
e.g.When the police arrived, the thieves had run away。警察到達(dá)時,小偷們早就跑了。
(3)表示意向的動詞,如hope, wish, expect, think, intend, mean,suppose等,用過去完成時表示“原本…,未能…”。
e.g.We had hoped that you would come, but you didn‘t。那時我們希望你能來,但是你沒有來。
注意:①had hardly… when.....剛....就.....
e.g.I had hardly opened the door when I he hit me。我剛打開門,他就打了我。
②had no sooner…than 剛…… 就……。
e.g.He had no sooner bought the car than he sold it。他剛買了這輛車,轉(zhuǎn)眼又賣了。
(4)一件事情發(fā)生在過去,而另外一件事情先于它發(fā)生(即表“過去的過去”),那么發(fā)生在前的動詞要用過去完成時。
e.g.She had learned some English before she came to the institute.她在來這個機(jī)構(gòu)前已學(xué)過一些英語了。
(5)表示從過去某一時間開始,一直延續(xù)到過去的另一時間的動作,常用的時間狀語有:by /until /before /by the end of+“表過去的某一時間”。
e.g.By then he had learned English for 3 years.到那時,他已學(xué)了3年英語了。
e.g.Until then he had known nothing about it yet.到那時為止,他對此仍一無所知。
(6)復(fù)合句中含有when, before, after, as soon as等引導(dǎo)的從句,如果主句謂語動詞和從句謂語動詞表示的過去的動作是在不同的時間發(fā)生的,那么先發(fā)生的動作通常用過去完成時。
e.g.The film had already begun when we got to the cinema.當(dāng)我們到達(dá)電影院時,電影已經(jīng)開演了。
(7)用于賓語從句中,表示從句的動作或狀態(tài)發(fā)生在主句的謂語動詞的動作之前。
e.g.He told me that he had heard of the good news.他告訴我,他已經(jīng)聽說了那個好消息。
精練時態(tài)
( )1. —Hi, I didn't see you at John's birthday party last night.
—Oh, I ________ the book report at that time.
A. prepared for B. prepare for
C. am preparing for D. was preparing for
( )2. Rainy days make me relaxed. I love drinking tea while it ________.
A. was raining B. is raining C. has rained D. rained
( )3. — Excuse me, when did you leave Jinzhou?
— In August, 2017. I ________ for about two years.
A. have left B. left C. have been away D. was away
( )4. Lucy________ her friends the whole morning, but they didn't show up.
A. expects B. will expect C. is expecting D. was expecting
( )5. —I saw your light still on at 11 o'clock last night.
—Oh, I ________ an interesting talk show at that time.
A. watch B. watched C. am watching D. was watching
( )6. —What are you doing on Saturday morning?
—Well, it's going to be sunny, so I ________ a picnic with my friend.
A. have B. had C. have had D. am having
( )7. —I went to your office at 9:00 yesterday morning, but you were not in.
—Sorry, I________ with the manager in the meeting room at that time.
A. am talking B. was talking C. were talking D. have talked
( )8. It's 9:00 in the morning now. The students from Grade Nine ________ an important exam.
A. have B. had C. are having
( )9. I ________ Game of Thrones(權(quán)力的游戲) with my friends last month. It's amazing.
A. watch B. watched C. watches D. have watched
( )10.Melting ice(融冰)can cause sea levels to rise. Since 1993, sea levels________ at a speed of 3.2 cm every 10 years.
A. rose B. have risen C. rise
( )11. —Have you ever been to Shanghai?
—Of course. Actually, I ________ there for six years but now I live in Taizhou.
A. worked B. was working C. would work D. have worked
( )12. —What is your mother doing, Linda?
—She ________ dinner in the kitchen now.
A. is cooking B. was cooking C. cook D. cooking
( )13. —Where are the teachers now?
—In the meeting room. They ________ the meeting for 10 minutes.
A. have begun B. have been on C. have had D. have been held
( )14.—Mary, I remember you ________ several years ago.
—Yes, I ________ for 3 years.
A. married; have married B. married; married
C. married; have been married D. have married; have been married
( )15. I ________ to school on foot every day.
A. go B. went C. has gone
( )16.He hasn't communicated much with his parents since he ________ a mobile phone last year.
A. got B. get C. gets
( )17. —According to the timetable, the train ________ at 8∶27.
—Don't worry. We can make it.
A. leaves B. is leaving C. is going to leave
( )18.—What great progress Huawei________ in recent years!
—No wonder it is widely known in all parts of the world.
A. is making B. has made C. makes D. made
( )19. —Your father has gone to Shenzhen on business, hasn't he?
—Yes. And he________ in two weeks.
A. will return B. has returned C. returned D. returns
( )20. —You'd better take an umbrella. The weather report says it________ in the afternoon.
—Thank you. I will put one in my bag.
A. will rain B. rains C. is raining
( )21. —The drama series The Thunder(破冰行動) hits screens these days.
—Oh, what a pity! I ________ any of them yet.
A. doesn't watch B. didn't watch C. won't watch D. haven't watched
( )22. —Oh! What's wrong with your finger?
—I hurt it while I ________ a model plane.
A. made B. was making C. am making D. make
( )23. —How many letters ________ you ________ to your mother?
—109 in all, since 2016.
A. has; written B. have; written C. did; write D. are; writing
( )24.﹣﹣﹣What do you think of his speech?
﹣﹣﹣It's good. The only pity is that I______ the first few minutes.
A.miss B.will miss
C.was missing D.missed
( )25.﹣﹣﹣Have you ever visited Russia, Wilson?
﹣﹣﹣Yes, I have. I______there last summer for two weeks.
A.went B.was going C.have gone D.goes
( )26.﹣Is Miss Green in the office?
﹣No.She ______ to the library just now.
A.has gone B.goes C.went D.would go
( )27.﹣Haven't seen you for ages!Where have you been?
﹣I went to Ningxia and there for one year,teaching as a volunteer.
A.stayed B.stay C.has stayed D.a(chǎn)m staying
( )28.It _______ long ______ we know the result of the experiment.
A.will not be,before B.is,since
C.will not be,until D.has been,after
( )29.一You look tired. What's the matter?
一I on a sofa because my grandparents have been here to spend the weekend. I can't have a good sleep.
A.slept B.a(chǎn)m sleeping
C.was sleeping D.have slept
( )30.﹣Amy, can you answer the door? I the room.
﹣I'm coming, Mum.
A.clean B.cleaned
C.a(chǎn)m cleaning D.have cleaned
( )31.Since the shop_____down, all the T﹣shirts are sold at half price.
A.has closed B.closed
C.is closing D.will be closed
( )32.﹣I_____you here, but you didn't come.
﹣I'm terribly sorry. I was so busy that I forgot.
A.would expect B.was expecting
C.a(chǎn)m expecting D.have expected
( )33.﹣Why are you so late today?
﹣Three buses went by without stopping while I at the bus stop.
A.a(chǎn)m waiting B.waited
C.have waited D.was waiting
( )34.﹣﹣Oh, dear! A power(電源) cut!
﹣﹣Sorry, I didn't know you _________the washing machine.
A.used B.a(chǎn)re using C.to use D.were using
( )35.一How can you start playing games so soon, Tom?
一 I ______ my homework, Mom.
A.finished B.have finished
C.will finish D.finish
( )36.Captain Marvel is such a wonderful film that I______it twice.
A.will see B.saw C.see D.have seen
( )37.The novel behind the popular television drama In the Name of People __________ in bookstores, ______ online _______ hard copies, around the nation.
A.has sold out; both; and B.were sold out; both; and
C.has been sold out; neither; nor D.was sold out; either; or
( )38.﹣Haven't I told you that you should be home earlier?
﹣Yes,but I _____ home earlier than I usually do.
A.was coming B.will come C.came D.had come
( )39.—Kevin, you look worried. Anything wrong?
—Well, I a test and I'm waiting for the result.
A. will take B. took
C. had taken D. take
( )40.Stop smoking, Joe! You yourself if you keep on doing it like that!
A. will kill B. have killed
C. kill D. killed
答案解析
1. D 考查動詞的時態(tài)。句意“嗨,我昨晚在約翰的生日聚會上沒有看到你。”“哦,我當(dāng)時 讀書報告?!备鶕?jù)last night和at that time可知是說過去某一個時間點(diǎn)發(fā)生的事,應(yīng)用過去進(jìn)行時。故選D。
2. B 考查現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時。句意為:下雨天讓我很放松。我喜歡在下雨時喝茶。根據(jù)主句中的“l(fā)ove”可知從句也應(yīng)用相應(yīng)的表示現(xiàn)在的某種時態(tài),while引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句多用進(jìn)行時態(tài)。故選B。
3. C 考查動詞的時態(tài)。句意“打擾一下,請問你什么時候離開錦州的?”“在2017年八月,我已經(jīng) 大約兩年了?!备鶕?jù)答語中時間狀語for about two years可知,此處需用現(xiàn)在完成時,表示從過去離開,一直到現(xiàn)在;leave為非延續(xù)性動詞,在完成時中用be away。故選C。
4. D 考查動詞的時態(tài)。句意:露西整個早晨都在 她的朋友們,但是他們沒有出現(xiàn)。根據(jù)空格后的“didn't show up”可知用過去的時態(tài);又根據(jù)“the whole morning”可知強(qiáng)調(diào)一個時間段一直在做的動作。所以用過去進(jìn)行時。故選D。
5. D 考查動詞的時態(tài)。句意“昨晚十一點(diǎn)我看你的燈還亮著?!薄芭?,我那時正在看一個有趣的談話類節(jié)目。”根據(jù)時間狀語“at 11 o'clock last night”以及“at that time”可知用過去進(jìn)行時。故選D。
6. D 考查動詞的時態(tài)。句意“你星期六早上干什么? ”“哦,那天會是晴天,所以我將會和朋友們野餐?!备鶕?jù)上句中的“Saturday morning”可知,空格處用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時表將來。故選D。
7. B 考查動詞的時態(tài)。句意“我昨天早上九點(diǎn)去了你的辦公室,但是你不在。”“抱歉,那時我正在會議室和經(jīng)理談話呢?!备鶕?jù)時間狀語“yesterday morning”以及“at that time”可知是過去某個時刻正在發(fā)生的動作,所以用動詞的時態(tài)。又因?yàn)橹髡Z是I,所以be動詞用was。故選B。
8. C 考查動詞的時態(tài)。句意:現(xiàn)在是早上9點(diǎn)。九年級的學(xué)生們 一次重要的考試。由時間狀語“9:00 in the morning now”可知此處表示正在發(fā)生的動作,應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時,即為“be+動詞的現(xiàn)在分詞”。故選C。
9. B 考查動詞的時態(tài)。句意:上個月我和我的朋友們 《權(quán)力的游戲》。它是如此令人驚嘆。根據(jù)句中的時間狀語last month可知此處應(yīng)用一般過去時,故選B。
10. B 考查動詞的時態(tài)。句意:融冰會導(dǎo)致海平面上升。自1993年以來,海平面 以每10年3.2厘米的速度上升。根據(jù)句中“Since”可知,句子時態(tài)為現(xiàn)在完成時。故選B。
11. D 考查動詞的時態(tài)。句意“你去過上海嗎?”“當(dāng)然了。事實(shí)上我在那里工作了六年,但是我現(xiàn)在生活在泰州。”根據(jù)時間狀語for six years判斷,該句應(yīng)該用現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)。故選D。
12. A 考查動詞的時態(tài)。句意“琳達(dá),你媽媽在干什么?”“她現(xiàn)在在廚房做飯?!备鶕?jù)now可知是正在做飯,故選A。
13. B 考查動詞的時態(tài)。句意“老師們現(xiàn)在在哪里?”“在會議室,他們已經(jīng)開了十分鐘會了。”begin是短暫性動詞,表示持續(xù)性動作時應(yīng)用be on;由時間狀語for 10 minutes可知,應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)。故選B。
14. C 考查動詞的時態(tài)。句意“瑪麗,我記得你幾年前 ?!薄笆堑?,我 三年了?!狈治鼍渥咏Y(jié)構(gòu),由時間狀語“several years ago”可知第一空表示發(fā)生在過去的動作,此處應(yīng)用一般過去時。由“for 3 years”可知此處表示動作從過去延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在,且對現(xiàn)在造成了影響,應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時且動詞用延續(xù)性動詞。結(jié)合句意可知兩處均表示結(jié)婚,marry為瞬間性動詞,應(yīng)轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)檠永m(xù)性動詞結(jié)構(gòu)“be married”。故選C。
15. A 考查動詞的時態(tài)。句意:我每天步行上學(xué)。根據(jù)時間提示詞“every day”可知描述的是經(jīng)常性、習(xí)慣性的動作,時態(tài)應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時,故選A。
16. A 考查動詞的時態(tài)。句意:他自從去年得到一部手機(jī),就很少和父母溝通了。根據(jù)后面的時間狀語“l(fā)ast year”可知,句子的時態(tài)為一般過去時。故選A。
17. C 考查動詞的時態(tài)。句意“根據(jù)時間表,火車 在8:27離開。”“別擔(dān)心,我們可以趕上的?!备鶕?jù)語境及“We can make it.”可知火車將要在8:27離開,應(yīng)用一般將來時。故選C。
18. B 考查動詞的時態(tài)。句意“華為近幾年取得了多么大的進(jìn)步啊!”“難怪它已經(jīng)在世界各地廣為人知?!备鶕?jù)句意可知此處動作已經(jīng)完成,并對現(xiàn)在有影響,應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時,故選B。
19. A 考查動詞的時態(tài)。句意“你爸爸已經(jīng)去深圳出差了,不是嗎?”“是的。他兩周之后回來。” in+一段時間,表示一段時間之后,用于一般將來時。故選A。
20. A 考查動詞的時態(tài)。句意“你最好帶上一把傘。天氣預(yù)報說下午會下雨?!薄爸x謝。我會在包里放一把?!备鶕?jù)時間狀語“in the afternoon”以及下句的“will put”可知事情還沒有發(fā)生,所以應(yīng)用一般將來時。故選A。
21. D 考查動詞的時態(tài)。句意“電視劇《破冰行動》最近正在上映?!薄芭?,真可惜!我一集也沒看?!备鶕?jù)句意及yet可知用現(xiàn)在完成時。故選D。
22. B 考查動詞的時態(tài)。句意“哦!你的手指怎么了?”“我做模型飛機(jī)時弄傷了它?!备鶕?jù)句中的while可知用過去進(jìn)行時。故選B。
23. B 考查動詞的時態(tài)。句意“你給你媽媽寫了多少封信?”“從2016年起,總共109封?!备鶕?jù)since 2016可知用現(xiàn)在完成時,主語是you,所以用have, 故選B。
24.D.考察動詞的時態(tài)。句意“唯一遺憾的是我錯過了開始的幾分鐘”,從the first few minutes判斷時態(tài)為一般過去時,故選D
25.A.考察動詞時態(tài)。句意“去年夏天我去了那里呆了兩個星期”。從last summer判斷句子為一般過去時,故選A
26.C.考察動詞時態(tài)。根據(jù)just now 可知這個動作發(fā)生在過去,應(yīng)該用一般過去時態(tài)。故選擇C
27.A.根據(jù)設(shè)空處前面的went to Niingxia and 判斷設(shè)空處的動詞用一般過去時.答語的句意是"我去了寧夏,在那里待了一年,做志愿老師.",一般過去時的構(gòu)成是:主語+動詞的過去式;stay動詞的過去式是stayed.故答案為A.
28.A.句意“我們不久后就能知道實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果”,before 引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句,主句用一般將來時will+ 動詞原形,這里是否定,要加上not,故選A
29.B.句意“你看上去很累,發(fā)生什么事情了?我睡在沙發(fā)上,因?yàn)槲易娓改竵磉@里過周末,我睡不好覺”,由此判斷是現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行著,所以用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時,故選B
30.C.從can you answer the door判斷后面說的是我正在打掃房間,句子使用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時,故選C
31.D首先根據(jù)題干推測句意是"因?yàn)樯痰昙磳㈥P(guān)閉,所有的商品都在半價出售."表述的是將來的事情,判斷句子中的謂語動詞用一般將來時,主語是動作的承受者,所以用被動語態(tài), 一般將來時被動語態(tài)的構(gòu)成是:主語+will be+動詞的過去分詞.故選:D.
32.B.根據(jù)句意“我一直期望你在這兒,但是你沒來,非常對不起,我如此的忙忘記了。”可知要用過去進(jìn)行時,故選B
33.D.從went判斷句子使用一般過去時,而這里表示在過去某個時間正在進(jìn)行的動作,所以句子使用過去進(jìn)行時,故選D
34.D.結(jié)合語境推測句意是“抱歉,我不知道你正在用洗衣機(jī)?!迸袛嗫仗幍膭幼髟谶^去某個時間段內(nèi)正在進(jìn)行著,且動作在一段時間內(nèi)持續(xù)進(jìn)行,所以用過去進(jìn)行時,故選D
35.B.根據(jù)句意“我已經(jīng)完成了我的作業(yè)”,做作業(yè)的動作已經(jīng)完成,所以用現(xiàn)在完成時,故選B
36.D.根據(jù)句意“《奇跡船長》是一部如此精彩的電影,我看過兩次”可知,要用現(xiàn)在完成時,故選D
37.A根據(jù)The novel behind the popular television drama In the Name of People __________ in bookstores,可知這里敘述過去發(fā)生的事情對現(xiàn)在造成了影響,時態(tài)用現(xiàn)在完成時,構(gòu)成have/has+動詞的過去分詞;這里買完了用sell out,不用被動語態(tài)形式,而這里______ online _______ hard copies, around the nation說的是全國各地在線和硬拷貝.故選:A.
38.C.根據(jù)對話的內(nèi)容,可知我已經(jīng)回來了,與對話發(fā)生時這個時間節(jié)點(diǎn)相比來說,應(yīng)該是對話發(fā)生之前發(fā)生的動作,所以要用一般過去時,故選C
39.B句意:—Kevin,你看起來有些擔(dān)心的樣子。有什么麻煩的事嗎?一嗯,我參加了一個測試,正在等結(jié)果呢。根據(jù)waiting for the result可知考試已結(jié)束了,是完成了的動作,因此排除一般現(xiàn)在時的D項(xiàng)和一般將來時的A項(xiàng)。C項(xiàng)為過去完成時,應(yīng)該表示過去的過去發(fā)生的動作和行為,但本題中并沒有這樣的時間狀語。故選B
40.A.該條件狀語從句中的一般現(xiàn)在時表示將來,故主句應(yīng)用一般將來時。故選A
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