
動(dòng)詞是歷年高考的必考點(diǎn),對(duì)動(dòng)詞有關(guān)知識(shí)的掌握是考生在語(yǔ)法填空中得高分的關(guān)鍵。動(dòng)詞的變化形式比較多,有謂語(yǔ)形式的變化(如時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)和主謂一致及虛擬語(yǔ)氣)、非謂語(yǔ)形式的變化(如不定式、動(dòng)名詞、現(xiàn)在分詞和過(guò)去分詞)。
如何確定作謂語(yǔ)和作何種謂語(yǔ)
N.1 思維定向——先定向是否作謂語(yǔ)
is designed
N.2 解題規(guī)則——再確定作何種謂語(yǔ)
技法一 提示詞為動(dòng)詞時(shí),確定時(shí)態(tài)的4根據(jù)
1. (2021·江西省九校聯(lián)考)In the first century, many peple in Rman Empire ____________ (wrk) undergrund in mines t supprt their families.考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意:在公元一世紀(jì),羅馬帝國(guó)的許多人為了養(yǎng)家糊口都在地下礦井里工作。結(jié)合上文“In the first century”可知,應(yīng)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。2.(2021·渭南市高三教學(xué)質(zhì)量檢測(cè))At the edge f the Tibetan Plateau, Sichuan ____________ (attract) a large number f travelers ver the years.
has attracted
考查時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致。句意:四川地處青藏高原的邊緣,多年來(lái)吸引了大量游客。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,空處為本句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞,結(jié)合時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)ver the years可知,時(shí)態(tài)應(yīng)為現(xiàn)在完成時(shí),結(jié)構(gòu)為have/has dne,主語(yǔ)Sichuan為第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式,故填has attracted。
3.(2021·江西省紅色七校第二次聯(lián)考)This is fr the seventh natinal ppulatin census (人口普查).China ____________ (cnduct) a natinal survey every 10 years since the 1990s.4.(2021·遼寧省“名校交流”3月聯(lián)考) That prmise may be years away frm realizatin but rapid typing enabled by biprinting at present ____________ (push) medical advances frward at pace.
has cnducted
since the 1990s.
考查時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致。句意:這一前景可能還需要數(shù)年時(shí)間才能實(shí)現(xiàn),但目前生物打印帶來(lái)的快速打印功能正在推動(dòng)醫(yī)學(xué)進(jìn)步的步伐。表示動(dòng)作目前正在進(jìn)行,應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí),主語(yǔ)為rapid typing,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。
at present
5.(2021·河南省高考適應(yīng)性練習(xí))Since December 2001, it ____________(be)n the UNESCO Wrld Cultural Heritage list. 考查時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致。根據(jù)句中的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)“since December 2001”可知,應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí);主語(yǔ)it是單數(shù)概念,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用單數(shù)。6.(2020·浙江7月卷)By abut 6000 BC,peple __________________(discver) the best crps t grw and animals t raise.
考查時(shí)態(tài)。分析句子成分可知,簡(jiǎn)單句中除了提示詞外無(wú)其他謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞,且主語(yǔ)和提示詞之間為主動(dòng)關(guān)系,本句中時(shí)間標(biāo)志詞By abut 6000 BC為“by+過(guò)去時(shí)間點(diǎn)”結(jié)構(gòu),意為“到……為止”,句子應(yīng)該用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。
had discvered
7.became [考查時(shí)態(tài)。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,nt nly與but als連接的是兩個(gè)并列謂語(yǔ),nt nly后用了一般過(guò)去時(shí)(did),but als后也應(yīng)該使用一般過(guò)去時(shí)(became)。]8.pinted [考查時(shí)態(tài)。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,and連接并列謂語(yǔ),根據(jù)上文they smiled,可知此處應(yīng)用一般過(guò)去時(shí),故填pinted。]9.had experienced [考查時(shí)態(tài)。此題為固定句式 “This was the first time that sb had dne sth”因此,從句用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。]
10.was driving [考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意:我正開(kāi)車(chē)去倫敦,這時(shí)突然發(fā)現(xiàn)自己走錯(cuò)了路。此題考查固定句式“be ding sth when...”,表示“正在做某事時(shí)突然……”。]11.will feel [考查時(shí)態(tài)。此題為固定句式:祈使句+and/r+陳述句,陳述句用一般將來(lái)時(shí)。]12.tk/shuld take [考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意:因此,采取一些必要措施來(lái)改善這種情況已經(jīng)是當(dāng)務(wù)之急的時(shí)候了。此處考查固定句式“It’s (high) time d sth”。]
13.meant [考查時(shí)態(tài)。結(jié)合句意可知,New methds與mean是主謂關(guān)系,同時(shí)前兩句的時(shí)態(tài)為一般過(guò)去時(shí),故填meant。]14.increases [考查時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致。句意:因此,隨著量子位的增加,量子計(jì)算機(jī)的計(jì)算能力也隨之提高。根據(jù)句意可知,句子為as引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句,句子陳述的是客觀事實(shí),應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),increase意為“增加”,句中“the number f ”意為“……的數(shù)量”,后接名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù),故應(yīng)填increases。]
確定謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的語(yǔ)態(tài),分析語(yǔ)境,弄明白所給動(dòng)詞與其對(duì)應(yīng)的主語(yǔ)之間的邏輯關(guān)系是確定謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞語(yǔ)態(tài)的關(guān)鍵。如果所給動(dòng)詞的主語(yǔ)是這個(gè)動(dòng)詞動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者,該動(dòng)詞就用主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài);若所給動(dòng)詞的主語(yǔ)是這個(gè)動(dòng)詞動(dòng)作的承受者,該動(dòng)詞就用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。
技法二 提示詞為動(dòng)詞時(shí),明確邏輯關(guān)系定語(yǔ)態(tài)
1.was destryed [考查時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)和主謂一致。句意:他有報(bào)效祖國(guó)的愿望,但755年的安史之亂毀了他的生命。此處缺乏謂語(yǔ),由時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)the An Lushan Rebellin f 755可知,時(shí)態(tài)用一般過(guò)去時(shí),主語(yǔ)his life和謂語(yǔ)destry是被動(dòng)關(guān)系,用一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)(was/were dne),主語(yǔ)his life是單數(shù),謂語(yǔ)也用單數(shù)形式。]2.be placed [考查語(yǔ)態(tài)。由短語(yǔ)place greater attentin n可知,attentin 與place之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系,故用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。]
3.be understd [考查語(yǔ)態(tài)和主謂一致。句意:此外,知識(shí)已經(jīng)變得越來(lái)越復(fù)雜,如果我們不一次又一次地實(shí)踐它,它是不可能被我們理解的。此處主語(yǔ)與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成被動(dòng)關(guān)系,且can’t后跟動(dòng)詞原形。故填be understd。]4.was needed [考查時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)。結(jié)合句意“出生的孩子越多,需要的糧食就越多”可知,mre fd與need構(gòu)成被動(dòng)關(guān)系,且文章的基本時(shí)態(tài)為一般過(guò)去時(shí),故填was needed。]
5.sell [考查語(yǔ)態(tài)和主謂一致。根據(jù)句意可知, sell在此處表示事物所具有的特征,意為“賣(mài)得好, 暢銷(xiāo)” 應(yīng)用主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)含義,同時(shí),本句主語(yǔ)bks是復(fù)數(shù)形式,故填sell。]6.have been sld [考查時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)和主謂一致。根據(jù)句意可知, sell在此處強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作, 指書(shū)“已經(jīng)賣(mài)完”,應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。又因主語(yǔ)bks是復(fù)數(shù)形式,故填have been sld。]
技法三 提示詞為動(dòng)詞時(shí), 確定主謂一致的三原則
1.was given [考查時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)和主謂一致。句意:埃米和她的兄弟們上周回到村里時(shí)受到了熱烈的歡迎。A as well as B作主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的數(shù)由A,也就是本題中的Amy決定;由last week可知give表示的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過(guò)去,且Amy與give是被動(dòng)關(guān)系,故填was given。]2.is [考查時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致。根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)ften可知該句應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),設(shè)空處為謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞,主語(yǔ)為nly a small part f a museum’s cllectin,是單數(shù)形式,故填is。]
3.are [考查時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致。句意:即使在城市里有更多的外出和做有趣的事情的機(jī)會(huì),這可能會(huì)分散你學(xué)習(xí)的注意力。陳述的是客觀事實(shí),用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),根據(jù)there be句型中的主語(yǔ)mre pprtunities可知應(yīng)用are。]4.was mved [考查語(yǔ)態(tài)和主謂一致。句意:不僅學(xué)生,老師也被這個(gè)故事深深地打動(dòng)了。nt als...并列主語(yǔ)時(shí)根據(jù)就近一致原則確定謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù), mve與主語(yǔ)their teacher 是被動(dòng)關(guān)系, 故填was mved。]5.wishes [考查主謂一致。句意:事實(shí)上,不僅僅是學(xué)生,老師也希望有個(gè)放松的假期。根據(jù)就近一致的原則,應(yīng)該填wishes。]
6.is [考查時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致。句意:總之,對(duì)于那些決心學(xué)好知識(shí)的人來(lái)說(shuō),實(shí)踐是最重要的。句子陳述客觀事實(shí)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),主語(yǔ)為Practicing,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)形式。]7.has [考查時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致。句意:我們學(xué)校進(jìn)行教育改革,每個(gè)男孩和女孩都有機(jī)會(huì)使用電腦以及互聯(lián)網(wǎng)。根據(jù)并列句的時(shí)態(tài)可知,此處應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí);根據(jù)意義一致的原則, each by and each girl 作主語(yǔ),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù),故填has。]
A(2021·唐山市二模)Fr much f histry, reading was a fairly nisy activity.Tday, hwever, the majrity f us read the wrds in ur heads as if 1.____________ (sit) in a library.Recent studies prvide ample evidence 2.____________ the ancient art f reading alud has a number f benefits, frm helping imprve ur memries 3.____________ strengthening emtinal bnds between peple.
Accrding t the research n the impacts f reading n memry, peple cnsistently remember wrds and texts 4.____________ (well) if reading them alud than if reading them silently.This phenmenn has been named the “prductin effect”,which means that prducing 5.____________ (write) wrds—namely,reading them ut lud—imprves ur memry f them.Even just silently muthing the wrds makes 6.____________ mre memrable.
One reasn why peple remember the spken wrds better is that it gives us 7.____________ additinal basis fr memry.We are 8.____________ (general) better at recalling events that require active invlvement.Fr instance, prducing a wrd in 9.____________ (respnd) t a questin makes it easier t remember.In a time when ur interactin with thers and the large amunt f infrmatin we take in 10.____________ (be) all t transient (轉(zhuǎn)瞬即逝的), perhaps it is wrth making a bit mre time fr reading ut lud.
【語(yǔ)篇解讀】 本文是說(shuō)明文,介紹了朗讀這一古老的藝術(shù)技巧有改善我們的記憶力和加強(qiáng)人與人之間的情感紐帶等諸多益處及其原因,并建議人們用更多時(shí)間朗讀。1.sitting [考查時(shí)態(tài)。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,空處省略了主語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞;根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知,此處表示,然而,今天,我們大多數(shù)人都像坐在圖書(shū)館里一樣在腦子里讀文字,這里強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作正在發(fā)生,故用現(xiàn)在分詞。]2.that [考查同位語(yǔ)從句。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,空處引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句,補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明名詞evidence的具體內(nèi)容,故用that引導(dǎo)該從句。]
3.t [考查介詞?!啊睘楣潭ù钆?,表示“從……到……”。]4.better [考查比較等級(jí)。根據(jù)空后的than可知,空處應(yīng)用比較級(jí)表示人們朗讀比默讀能更好地記住單詞和文章。]5.written [考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。空處修飾名詞“wrds”,故應(yīng)用形容詞。written意為“書(shū)面的”。]6.them [考查代詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,空處作動(dòng)詞make的賓語(yǔ),指代該句中的“the wrds”,故填them。]
7.an [考查冠詞。此處表示“一種額外的基礎(chǔ)”,故用不定冠詞;且additinal的發(fā)音以元音音素開(kāi)頭,故用an。]8.generally [考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換??仗幮揎椥稳菰~better,故用副詞形式。]9.respnse/respnding [考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。in respnse/respnding t為固定搭配,意為“回應(yīng)……”。故填respnse/respnding。]10.are [考查主謂一致。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,此處為when引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句,從句的主語(yǔ)“ur interactin with thers and the large amunt f infrmatin we take in”為復(fù)數(shù)概念,故謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式,故填are。]
B(2021·綿陽(yáng)市第二次診斷)The educatin authrity in Nrtheast China’s Lianing Prvince has jined a handful f thers in 1.____________ (ban) teachers frm asking parents t grade students’ hmewrk after the practice set ff an utcry n scial media platfrms.Teachers at primary and middle schls 2.____________ d nt grade students’ hmewrk 3.____________ (they) will nt be qualified fr prmtin r awards, accrding t the guideline issued by the prvincial educatin department n Tuesday.Teachers will nt 4.____________ (allw) t use the WeChat r QQ messaging apps t assign hmewrk 5.____________ assign punitive r repetitive hmewrk, the guideline said.
In a vide 6.____________ (pst) n Sina Weib recently, a father in East China’s Jiangsu Prvince sclded teachers fr asking parents t grade children’s hmewrk in a parent-teacher WeChat grup befre exiting the grup.The vide quickly gave rise t an angry reactin tward the teacher and an utpuring f supprt 7.____________ parents, with the heading “All it needs t break a grwn-up 8.____________ (be) a parent-teacher WeChat grup” being viewed mre than 760 millin times.
In fact n the way t grw up, parents, teachers and students shuld take their wn 9.____________ (respnsible) and play their wn rles.Only when parents behave like parents, teachers like teachers..., can the educatin be 10.____________ (succeed).【語(yǔ)篇解讀】 本文是說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了遼寧省教育部門(mén)禁止老師要求家長(zhǎng)批改作業(yè)及新浪微博上一個(gè)家長(zhǎng)因批改作業(yè)一事斥責(zé)老師的視頻的相關(guān)內(nèi)容。
1.banning [考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,介詞in后面的動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞-ing形式,所以空處需要用banning。]2.wh [考查定語(yǔ)從句。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,空處引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句,指代先行詞Teachers,在從句中作主語(yǔ),所以空處需要填關(guān)系代詞wh。]3.themselves [考查代詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)并根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知,此處表示“他們不親自評(píng)閱學(xué)生作業(yè)”,所以空處需要填反身代詞themselves。]4.be allwed [考查語(yǔ)態(tài)。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,空處與will nt一起作本句的謂語(yǔ),又此處表示教師不被允許用微信或QQ來(lái)布置作業(yè),應(yīng)用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài),所以空處需要填be allwed。]
5.r [考查連詞。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知,此處表示教師不被允許通過(guò)微信或QQ來(lái)布置作業(yè)或布置懲罰性或重復(fù)性作業(yè),空處表選擇,所以空處需要填r。]6.psted [考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,本句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為sclded,空處為非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞,與邏輯主語(yǔ)vide之間形成了動(dòng)賓關(guān)系,所以空處需要填psted。]7.frm [考查介詞。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知,此處表示來(lái)自家長(zhǎng)們的支持,故空處需要填frm。]8.is [考查時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致?!皦嚎逡粋€(gè)成年人只需一個(gè)老師家長(zhǎng)微信群”是一個(gè)標(biāo)題,由該標(biāo)題中的“needs”可知,時(shí)態(tài)應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí);根據(jù)意義一致的原則,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞需要用單數(shù),所以空處需要填is。]
這是一份高考英語(yǔ)二輪復(fù)習(xí)專(zhuān)題四第一講提示詞為動(dòng)詞課件,共9頁(yè)。PPT課件主要包含了專(zhuān)題四 語(yǔ)法填空,研高考·辨考向,續(xù)上表,類(lèi)型一 有提示詞類(lèi),第一講 提示詞為動(dòng)詞,答案means,答案said,答案is,答案had,答案sell等內(nèi)容,歡迎下載使用。
這是一份2023屆高考英語(yǔ)二輪復(fù)習(xí)第一講提示詞為動(dòng)詞課件,共60頁(yè)。PPT課件主要包含了專(zhuān)題四 語(yǔ)法填空,研高考·辨考向,續(xù)上表,類(lèi)型一 有提示詞類(lèi),答案did,答案is,答案had,答案sell,答案are,答案am等內(nèi)容,歡迎下載使用。
這是一份2023屆高考英語(yǔ)二輪復(fù)習(xí)語(yǔ)法填空之提示詞為動(dòng)詞作非謂語(yǔ)解題技巧課件,共1頁(yè)。
微信掃碼,快速注冊(cè)
注冊(cè)成功