【命題意圖】 閱讀理解從能力的角度來講，考查學(xué)生運(yùn)用英語的能力，具體地說，就是通過閱讀有關(guān)文章提取有用信息的能力。
【考試方向】社會生活類閱讀文章在高考中的出現(xiàn)頻率較高。它涉及人們衣、食、住、行等方面的社會萬象、生活經(jīng)歷、飲食、飲食與健康、休閑與娛樂、旅游、生態(tài)旅游、服裝、住房等等內(nèi)容。這類文章同學(xué)們讀起來感覺輕松，試題做起來也比較得心應(yīng)手。在高考閱讀理解題中，這類文章屬搭配類材料，所以，它的命題多數(shù)屬于中低等難度的送分題，如事實細(xì)節(jié)題、計算題、識堅題等。遇到這類文章時，我們一定要抓住得分機(jī)遇，盡量不要失分。
【得分要點】讀這類文章要特別注意做好事實細(xì)節(jié)題。對于細(xì)節(jié)試題，同學(xué)們要先從題干中找到關(guān)鍵性詞語，然后采用略讀或跳讀，快速在文章中尋找相關(guān)細(xì)節(jié)，找到后再把這一部分內(nèi)容仔細(xì)閱讀一遍，細(xì)心比較所給選項與文中細(xì)節(jié)的區(qū)別，在準(zhǔn)確理解了細(xì)節(jié)的前提下，最終確定最佳答案。具體解題步驟如下：
1.讀題干：閱讀題干，發(fā)現(xiàn)關(guān)鍵詞和起主導(dǎo)作用的內(nèi)容。一般情況下，問題出現(xiàn)的前后順序與文章中細(xì)節(jié)和事實出現(xiàn)的先后順序是一致的。
2.找細(xì)節(jié)：閱讀文章內(nèi)容，尋找與題干相符合的具體細(xì)節(jié)。要注意的是，對作者使用的同義詞或與之相關(guān)的詞語和句子千萬不能忽略。
3.巧答題：根據(jù)前兩步所得到的信息回答問題。閱讀問題所給的四個選項，檢查文中的細(xì)節(jié)與哪一項相符。當(dāng)題干中有諸如“NOT”或“except”時，同學(xué)們一定要特別小心，力求在文章中找到相關(guān)的有力證據(jù)。
【真題再現(xiàn)1】【2020·新高考全國卷I（山東），C】
In the mid-1990s, Tm Bissell taught English as a vlunteer in Uzbekistan. He left after seven mnths, physically brken and having lst his mind. A few years later, still attracted t the cuntry, he returned t Uzbekistan t write an article abut the disappearance f the Aral Sea.
His visit, hwever, ended up invlving a lt mre than that. Hence this bk, Chasing the Sea: Lst Amng the Ghsts f Empire in Central Asia, which talks abut a rad trip frm Tashkent t Karakalpakstan, where millins f lives have been destryed by the slw drying up f the sea. It is the stry f an American travelling t a strange land, and f the peple he meets n his way: Rustam, his translatr, a lvely 24-year-ld wh picked up his clrful English in Califrnia, Oleg and Natasha, his hsts in Tashkent, and a string f freign aid wrkers.
This is a quick lk at life in Uzbekistan, made f friendliness and warmth, but als its darker side f sciety. In Samarkand, Mr Bissell admires the architectural wnders, while n his way t Bukhara he gets a taste f plice methds when suspected f drug dealing. In Ferghana, he attends a muntain funeral(葬禮)fllwed by a strange drinking party. And in Karakalpakstan, he is saddened by the dust strms, diseases and fishing bats stuck miles frm the sea.
Mr Bissell skillfully rganizes histrical insights and cultural references, making his tale a well-runded picture f Uzbekistan, seen frm Western eyes. His judgment and references are decidedly American, as well as his delicate stmach. As the authr explains, this is neither a travel nr a histry bk, r even a piece f reprtage. Whatever it is, the result is a fine and vivid descriptin f the purest f Central Asian traditins.
8. What made Mr Bissell return t Uzbekistan?
A. His friends' invitatin.B. His interest in the cuntry.
C. His lve fr teaching.D. His desire t regain health.
9. What des the underlined wrd “that” in paragraph 2 refer t?
A. Develping a serius mental disease.
B. Taking a guided tur in Central Asia.
C. Wrking as a vlunteer in Uzbekistan.
D Writing an article abut the Aral Sea.
10. Which f the fllwing best describes Mr Bissell's rad trip in Uzbekistan?
A. Rmantic.B. Eventful.C. Pleasant.D. Dangerus.
11. What is the purpse f this text?
A. T intrduce a bk.B. T explain a cultural phenmenn.
C. T remember a writer.D. T recmmend a travel destinatin.
【答案】8. B 9. D 10. B 11. A
【解析】文章講述了Bissell寫的《追逐大海:迷失在中亞帝國的幽靈》這本書。這本書是Bissell在烏茲別克斯坦做志愿者后寫的，是對烏茲別克斯坦人生活的一個快速觀察。
8.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段的”A few years later, still attracted t the cuntry. he returned t Uzbekistan t write an article abut the disappearance f the Ara Sea”可知，幾年后，Bissell仍然被這個國家所吸引。他回到烏茲別克斯坦寫了一篇關(guān)于咸海消失的文章。因此推斷出對這個國家的興趣讓Bissell先生再次返回烏茲別克斯坦。故選B。
9.詞句猜測題。劃線句是第二段首句，that用來指代上文提的事情，因此推斷that指代第一段的內(nèi)容，根據(jù)第一段最后一句”A few years later, still attracted t the cuntry, he returned t Uzbekistan t write an article abut the disappearance f the Aral Sea(幾年后，仍然被這個國家所吸引。他回到烏茲別克斯坦寫了一篇關(guān)于咸海消失的文章)”可知，that指代寫了一篇關(guān)于死海消失的文章這件事，故選D。
10.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段”This is a quick lk at life in Uzbekistan, made f friendliness and warmth, but als its darker side f sciety. In Samarkand, Mr Bissell admires the architectural wnders, while n his way t Bukhara he gets a taste f plice methds when suspected f drug dealing. In Ferghana, he attends a muntain funeral(葬禮)fllwed by a strange drinking party. And in Karakalpakstan, he is saddened by the dust strms, diseases and fishing bats stuck miles frm the sea.”可知，在烏茲別克斯坦的旅途中，Mr Bissell既體會到了友善和溫暖，也看到了社會的黑暗面。在撒馬爾罕，Mr Bissell欣賞到了的建筑奇觀。在前往布哈拉的路上，他因為被懷疑進(jìn)行毒品交易，他嘗到了警察的伎倆。在費(fèi)爾干納，他參加了一個山區(qū)葬禮，然后參加了一個奇怪的酒會。在卡拉卡爾帕克斯坦，他為沙塵暴、疾病和被困在數(shù)英里外的漁船而難過。由此可知，在旅途中，他經(jīng)歷了很多事情。結(jié)合選項，B選項(充滿事件的，多事的)可以表達(dá)此意。故選B。
11.推理判斷題。文章第一段提到書的作者的烏茲別克斯坦之行，引出他寫的書，接下來三段講述了他的書《追逐大海:迷失在中亞帝國的幽靈》的故事內(nèi)容，是烏茲別克斯坦生活的一個快速觀察。因此推斷本文的寫作目的是介紹一本書。故選A。
【真題再現(xiàn)2】【2020年7月·浙江卷，A】
I am an active playger and play-reader, and perhaps my best reasn fr editing this bk is a hpe f sharing my enthusiasm fr the theater with thers. T d this I have searched thrugh dzens f plays t find the nes that I think best shw the pwer and purpse f the shrt play.
Each play has a theme r central idea which the playwright(劇作家) hpes t get acrss thrugh dialgue and actin. A few characters are used t create a single impressin grwing ut f the theme. It is nt my intentin t pint ut the central theme f each f the plays in this cllectin, fr that wuld, indeed, ruin the pleasure f reading, discussing, and thinking abut the plays and the effectiveness f the playwright. Hwever, a variety f types is represented here. These include cmedy, satire, pignant drama, histrical and reginal drama. T shw the versatility(多面性) f the shrt play, I have included a guidance play, a radi play and a televisin play.
Amng the writers f the plays in this cllectin, Paul Green, Susan Glaspell, Maxwell Andersn, Thrntn Wilder, William Saryan, and Tennessee Williams have all received Pulitzer Prizes fr their cntributins t the theater. Mre infrmatin abut the playwrights will be fund at the end f this bk.
T get the mst ut f reading these plays, try t picture the play n stage, with yu, the reader, in the audience. The huselights dim(變暗). The curtains are abut t pen, and in a few minutes the actin and dialgue will tell yu the stry.
21. What d we knw abut the authr frm the first paragraph?
A. He has written dzens f plays.B. He has a deep lve fr the theater.
C. He is a prfessinal stage actr.D. He likes reading shrt plays t thers.
22. What des the authr avid ding in his wrk?
A. Stating the plays’ central ideas.B. Selecting wrks by famus playwrights.
C. Including varius types f plays.D. Offering infrmatin n the playwrights.
23. What des the authr suggest readers d while reading the plays?
A. Cntrl their feelings.B. Apply their acting skills.
C. Use their imaginatin.D. Keep their audience in mind.
24. What is this text?
A. A shrt stry.B. An intrductin t a bk.
C. A play review.D. An advertisement fr a theater.
【答案】21. B 22. A 23. C 24. B
【解析】文章主要介紹了作者的書籍的序言部分，包括其編寫目的，書籍內(nèi)容主體，以及如何實現(xiàn)有樂趣的閱讀本書的建議。
21.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段內(nèi)容“…and perhaps my best reasn fr editing this bk is a hpe f sharing my enthusiasm fr the theater with thers”可知，作者編輯這本書的最好的原因是希望與他人分享對戲劇的熱情，因此可知作者對于戲劇飽含熱情。故選B項。
22.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段內(nèi)容“It is nt my intentin t pint ut the central theme f each f the plays in this cllectin, fr that wuld, indeed, ruin the pleasure f reading, discussing, and thinking abut the plays and the effectiveness f the playwright.”可知，作者并不想指出這本書中每一部戲劇的中心主題，因為那樣確實會破壞閱讀、討論和思考戲劇以及劇作家的有效性的樂趣。A項“Stating the plays’ central ideas(陳述戲劇的中心思想)”與原文表達(dá)信息一致。故選A項。
23.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章末尾段內(nèi)容“T get the mst ut f the reading these plays, try t picture the play n stage, with yu, the reader, in the audience.”可知，作者建議讀者試著想象戲劇在舞臺上上演，不再是讀者而是成為觀眾，才能實現(xiàn)最佳的閱讀樂趣。C項“Use their imaginatin”與原文“try t picture the play n the stage”表達(dá)信息一致。故選C項。
24.推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章首段內(nèi)容“I am an active playger and play-reader, and perhaps my best reasn fr editing this bk is a hpe f sharing my enthusiasm fr the theater with thers”可知，該句內(nèi)容應(yīng)是書籍的“自序”內(nèi)容，且結(jié)合末尾“T get the mst ut f the reading these plays, try t picture the play n stage, with yu, the reader, in the audience.”可知，在講述如何更好地實現(xiàn)閱讀樂趣，再結(jié)合全文內(nèi)容可推知，作者通過該文章介紹自己的一本書。故選B項。
【題型演練】
1
Ant Frest, a green initiative by the wrld’s leading payment and lifestyle platfrm Alipay, received the “U.N. Champins f the Earth” award, the UN’s highest envirnmental hnr. It was given t Ant Frest fr mtivating half a billin peple t adpt an ec-friendly and greener lifestyle, greatly cntributing t eclgical prtectin with the help f digital technlgy.
Alipay achieved this by inspiring its users t d envirnmentally-friendly things, such as walking, using public transprtatin, ging paperless in the ffice and mre t earn “green energy pints”. These pints can then be used t water and grw their wn virtual yung trees. After the virtual yung trees have grwn up n line, Ant Frest will plant real trees smewhere in China.
The number f Ant Frest users has reached 350 millin, reducing 3 millin tns f carbn dixide. “Such prgrams are quite attractive t me. I feel satisfied t see a real tree planted just by ding sme simple things such as riding bicycles and buying tickets nline,” said an interviewee.
This initiative f Ant Frest is in line with the Chinese gvernment’s strategy f a “Green Ecnmy”. The cuntry is taking aggressive actins in expanding its green cverage. Nw, its effrts are paying ff, with imprved bidiversity and a healthier ecnmic grwth. Rare animal species have been sptted and frest parks are nw ppular attractins f turism.
The planet is at a critical pint which culd result in natural disasters. It seems clear that unless gvernments, businesses and peple frm a fcused team, it’s difficult t stp glbal warming. Frtunately, Ant Frest shws that it is pssible t make jint effrts while relying n digital technlgy. And mre initiatives are using technlgy t cntribute t a sustainable future f the planet.
1. What was Ant Frest given the award fr?
A. It brings cnvenience t peple’s lives.
B. It is run by the wrld’s leading payment platfrm.
C. It technically assists many peple t prtect eclgy.
D. It has made the greatest cntributin t glbal develpment.
2. What is paragraph 2 mainly abut?
A. Hw Alipay makes prfits.
B. Hw Ant Frest is carried ut.
C. What a lw-carbn life is like.
D. Why Alipay takes up the initiative.
3. What can we infer frm the text?
A. 350 millin peple have planted real trees.
B. Prmting turism can help save animals.
C. China keeps a balance between ecnmy and eclgy.
D. The expansin f green cverage mainly results frm Ant Frest.
4. Hw dcs Ant Frest cntribute t the sustainable future?
A. By criticizing natural disasters.
B. By stpping the glbal warming.
C. By prviding a platfrm t make jint effrts.
D. By encuraging peple t dnate mney t plant trees.
【答案】1. C 2. B 3. C 4. C
【解析】這是一篇新聞報道。全球領(lǐng)先支付平臺支付寶的綠色倡議“螞蟻森林”因?qū)ⅰ?億人的綠色善舉”轉(zhuǎn)化為種植實木而榮獲聯(lián)合國“地球冠軍獎”，這是聯(lián)合國最高環(huán)境榮譽(yù)。中國加快綠色轉(zhuǎn)型，有望為協(xié)調(diào)經(jīng)濟(jì)與自然環(huán)境提供有益的借鑒。
1. 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“It was given t Ant Frest fr mtivating half a billin peple t adpt an ec-friendly and greener lifestyle, greatly cntributing t eclgical prtectin with the help f digital technlgy. (“螞蟻森林”項目旨在激勵5億人過上環(huán)保、綠色的生活方式，為數(shù)字技術(shù)促進(jìn)生態(tài)保護(hù)做出了巨大貢獻(xiàn)。)”可知，螞蟻森林因為從技術(shù)上幫助許多人保護(hù)生態(tài)被授予獎項。故選C項。
2. 主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段中“Alipay achieved this by inspiring its users t d envirnmentally-friendly things, such as walking, using public transprtatin, ging paperless in the ffice and mre t earn “green energy pints”. (支付寶通過鼓勵用戶做一些環(huán)保的事情來實現(xiàn)這一目標(biāo)，比如步行、使用公共交通工具、在辦公室實現(xiàn)無紙化辦公，以及更多來獲得“綠色能源積分”。)”以及下文描述可知，本段主要講了螞蟻森林是如何實施目標(biāo)的。故選B項。
3. 推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中“The cuntry is taking aggressive actins in expanding its green cverage. Nw, its effrts are paying ff, with imprved bidiversity and a healthier ecnmic grwth. (中國正在積極采取行動擴(kuò)大綠色覆蓋范圍?，F(xiàn)在，隨著生物多樣性的改善和更健康的經(jīng)濟(jì)增長，它的努力得到了回報。)”可推知，中國保持經(jīng)濟(jì)與生態(tài)的平衡。故選C項。
4. 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Frtunately, Ant Frest shws that it is pssible t make jint effrts while relying n digital technlgy. And mre initiatives are using technlgy t cntribute t a sustainable future f the planet. (幸運(yùn)的是，螞蟻森林向我們展示了依靠數(shù)字技術(shù)，共同努力是完全有可能的。更多的計劃正在利用技術(shù)為地球的可持續(xù)未來做出貢獻(xiàn)。)”可知，螞蟻森林通過提供一個共同努力的平臺對可持續(xù)發(fā)展的未來做出了貢獻(xiàn)。故選C項。
2
One night in 1966, Michael Chapman rushed int a flk-music club in Crnwall, England t get ut f the rain, and sn fund himself nstage playing the guitar.
“They ffered me a jb t play fr the rest f the summer. And I’ve been playing ever since,” Chapman says. “I’ve tld that stry s many times, but it’s abslutely true. If it hadn’t been raining that night, I wuldn’t be talking t yu.”
The British guitar player has spent the 50 years since then n the rad. He released sme praised albums in the 1970s, but his health went dwnhill in the 80s and 90s. Like a lt f British artists in the 1960s, Chapman taught himself t play the guitar by listening t American jazz and blues recrds.
Chapman actually taught phtgraphy, but quit when he was 26 t play music full time. When he was starting ut, he was ften cmpared t ther British acustic guitar heres f the time, like Jhn Martyn and Bert Jansch.
“The fascinating thing abut Michael Chapman is that he desn’t fit in with thse guys f his generatin,” says Andrew Male, a music jurnalist. “He’s always been an utsider. He never mved t Lndn. ”
And while he never became part f the Lndn music scene, Chapman was nticed by thse musicians. “The 70s caught up with him in the 80s,” Male says. “He had a huge heart attack at the end f the 80s that nearly finished him ff. When he made his way back int the wrld in the early 90s, peple had frgtten abut him.” But nt everyne. A yunger generatin f musicians in America, including Thurstn Mre f Snic Yuth and a yunger singer and guitarist named Steve Gunn, recently rediscvered Chapman.
“We wanted t capture Michael’s vice and character where he is nw. Yu knw, it’s a little rad-weary, but he still has it,” Gunn says. “Fr me, it was really imprtant t get that right.” “He’s the right ld musician fr present times,” Male says. “I think the music he makes seems quite in tune with where we’re at.”
5. Which can best describe Michael Chapman’s first invlvement in music?
A. Untrue.B. Accidental.C. Unfrtunate.D. Reasnable.
6. What can we learn abut Michael Chapman frm the text?
A. He has taught phtgraphy fr 26 years.
B. He taught himself t play the guitar and did far better than Jhn Martyn.
C. T sme degree, he is nt accepted by ther peple f his generatin.
D. He is ne f the best guitar players in the early 90s.
7. Why did Michael Chapman quit his music career nce?
A. He lst his special vice.B. He suffered frm a severe heart attack.
C. He gt tired f cmpeting with thers.D. He was almst frgtten by everyne.
8. Which f the fllwing can be the best title fr the text?
A. The Rise and Fall f Guitar MusicB. The Sad Stry f a Guitar Musician
C. A New Generatin Helps an Old Guitar MusicianD. A Brief Intrductin t a Guitar Musician
【答案】5. B6. C7. B8. D
【解析】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了一位吉他演奏老藝術(shù)家Michael Chapman的演藝經(jīng)歷和成就，雖然如今他已被許多人遺忘，但新一代吉他演奏家Steve Gumi認(rèn)為Chapman創(chuàng)作的音樂和他們現(xiàn)在所處的環(huán)境很協(xié)調(diào)，所以他讓老藝術(shù)家重新攀登音樂事業(yè)的高峰。
5. 推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中“If it hadn’t been raining that night, I wuldn’t be talking t yu.(如果那天晚上沒有下雨，我就不會和你說話了)”可推斷，Michael Chapman走上音樂之路純屬偶然。故選B。
6. 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段““The fascinating thing abut Michael Chapman is that he desn’t fit in with thse guys f his generatin,” says Andrew Male, a music jurnalist. “He’s always been an utsider. He never mved t Lndn. ”(音樂記者Andrew Male說：“Michael Chapman的迷人之處在于，他與他那一代的人格格不入。他一直是個局外人。他從未搬到倫敦?！?”可知，在某種程度上，Michael Chapman不被他這一代的人所接受。故選C。
7. 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中“He had a huge heart attack at the end f the 80s that nearly finished him ff. When he made his way back int the wrld in the early 90s, peple had frgtten abut him. (80年代末，他突發(fā)嚴(yán)重的心臟病，差點要了他的命。90年代初，當(dāng)他重返音樂界時，人們已經(jīng)忘記了他)”可知，Michael Chapman中斷他的音樂職業(yè)生涯是因為一次嚴(yán)重的心臟病發(fā)作。故選B。
8. 主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“One night in 1966, Michael Chapman rushed int a flk-music club in Crnwall, England t get ut f the rain, and sn fund himself nstage playing the guitar.(1966年的一個晚上，Michael Chapman為了避雨沖進(jìn)英格蘭康沃爾的一家民間音樂俱樂部，很快就發(fā)現(xiàn)自己在舞臺上彈吉他)”結(jié)合文章講述了一位吉他演奏老藝術(shù)家Michael Chapman的演藝經(jīng)歷和成就，雖然如今他已被許多人遺忘，但新一代吉他演奏家Steve Gumi認(rèn)為Chapman創(chuàng)作的音樂和他們現(xiàn)在所處的環(huán)境很協(xié)調(diào)，所以他讓老藝術(shù)家重新攀登音樂事業(yè)的高峰。故D選項“對一個吉他音樂家的簡要介紹”最符合文章標(biāo)題。故選D。
3
China is ne f the first cuntries t breed a medical culture. In cmparisn with Western methds, traditinal Chinese medicine (TCM) adpts a vastly different apprach. Fr thusands f years, Chinese peple have accumulated rich experience in fighting all srts f diseases, therefre frming a unique medical thery under the guidance f ancient Chinese philsphies (哲學(xué)).
The cre behind TCM is that the human bdy's life is the cnsequence (結(jié)果) f the balance between Yin and Yang. Yang functins t safeguard us against uter harm, and Yin is the inner base t stre and prvide energy. When the balance between the tw aspects is disturbed, peple fall ill.
One f the traditinal techniques f TCM, acupuncture (針刺療法) means insertin f needles int superficial (表面的) structures f the bdy—usually at acupints (穴位)—t restre the Yin Yang balance. It is ften accmpanied by mxibustin (艾灸療法), which invlves burning mugwrt n r near the skin at an acupint.
The first knwn text that clearly talks abut smething like acupuncture and mxibustin as it is practiced tday is The Yellw Emperr's Inner Cann. It is the earliest and mst imprtant written wrk f TCM and is cnsidered the fundamental and mst representative medical text in China.
Acupuncture and mxibustin have arused the interest f internatinal medical science circles. And TCM is gradually gaining wrldwide recgnitin. The WHO issued a dcument in 2002 that appealed t mre than 180 cuntries t adpt TCM as an alternative in their medical plicies. In 2010, acupuncture and mxibustin f traditinal Chinese medicine were added t the Representative List f the Intangible Cultural Heritage f Humanity by the UNESCO. Presently, TCM has been back in the news fr its effectiveness in imprving the cure rate f the COVID-19 since its utbreak in January 2020.
9. What is the key feature f TCM?
A. It adpts different medical appraches.
B. It's based n ancient Chinese philsphies.
C. It helps t restre bdy's self-balance.
D. It's gained experience thrugh rich practice.
10. What can we learn abut The Yellw Emperr's Inner Cann frm the text?
A. It distinguishes acupuncture frm mxibustin.
B. It's a fundatin f wrld medical research.
C. it stresses the imprtance f using acupints.
D. It greatly cntributes t the develpment f TCM.
11. Why des the writer write this text?
A. T review the develpment f TCM.
B. T intrduce TCM t the wrld.
C. T tell TCM and Western medicine apart.
D. T argue fr TCM in fighting COVID-19.
12. What might be talked abut in the paragraph fllwing the text?
A. Hw TCM helps in the current situatin.
B. Why TCM is gaining ppularity.
C. Why TCM gets recgnitin frm WHO.
D. Hw ther cuntries adpt TCM.
【答案】9. C 10. D 11. B 12. A
【解析】這是一篇說明文。文章講述了，中國傳統(tǒng)的中醫(yī)文化，它與西醫(yī)不同，有著獨(dú)特的理論和治療體系，針灸引起了國際醫(yī)學(xué)界的關(guān)注。
9. 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第二段“The cre behind TCM is that the human bdy's life is the cnsequence (結(jié)果) f the balance between Yin and Yang. Yang functins t safeguard us against uter harm, and Yin is the inner base t stre and prvide energy. When the balance between the tw aspects is disturbed, peple fall ill.”（中醫(yī)學(xué)的核心是人體的生命是陰陽平衡的結(jié)果。陽的功能是保護(hù)我們免受外界的傷害，而陰是儲存和提供能量的內(nèi)在基礎(chǔ)。當(dāng)這兩方面的平衡被打破時，人們就會生病。）和第三段中的“One f the traditinal techniques f TCM, acupuncture (針刺療法) means insertin f needles int superficial (表面的) structures f the bdy—usually at acupints (穴位)—t restre the Yin Yang balance.”（針灸是中醫(yī)傳統(tǒng)技術(shù)之一，是指將針頭插入身體的淺表結(jié)構(gòu)，通常在穴位處恢復(fù)陰陽平衡。），可知身體陰陽平衡被打破時，人們就會生病，而中醫(yī)（例如針灸）的核心就是通過中醫(yī)技巧恢復(fù)身體的自我平衡，達(dá)到陰陽平衡。故選C項。
10. 推理判斷題。由第四段“The first knwn text that clearly talks abut smething like acupuncture and mxibustin as it is practiced tday is The Yellw Emperr's Inner Cann. It is the earliest and mst imprtant written wrk f TCM and is cnsidered the fundamental and mst representative medical text in China.”（已知的第一個明確提到針灸之類的東西的著作是《黃帝內(nèi)經(jīng)》。它是中醫(yī)學(xué)最早、最重要的著作，被認(rèn)為是我國最基本、最具代表性的醫(yī)學(xué)著作。），可知《黃帝內(nèi)經(jīng)》是我國最基本、最具代表性的醫(yī)學(xué)著作，說明《黃帝內(nèi)經(jīng)》在中國醫(yī)學(xué)史上占有重要地位，肯定也為后來中醫(yī)的發(fā)展提供了基礎(chǔ)，為中醫(yī)藥的發(fā)展做出了巨大的貢獻(xiàn)。故選D項。
11. 推理判斷題。第一段引入“不同于西醫(yī)的中國醫(yī)學(xué)——中醫(yī)學(xué)”，第二段講“中醫(yī)的核心就是通過中醫(yī)技巧恢復(fù)身體的陰陽平衡”，第三段講“中醫(yī)傳統(tǒng)技藝——針灸”，第四段講“為中醫(yī)藥發(fā)展做出了巨大貢獻(xiàn)的著作《黃帝內(nèi)經(jīng)》”，第五段講“針灸已引起國際醫(yī)學(xué)界的興趣，中醫(yī)藥正逐漸得到世界的認(rèn)可”，可知文章主要向讀者介紹了中醫(yī)，因此作者寫這篇文章的目的是向世界介紹中醫(yī)藥。故選B項。
12. 推理判斷題。由最后一段中的“Acupuncture and mxibustin have arused the interest f internatinal medical science circles.The WHO issued a dcument in 2002 that appealed t mre than 180 cuntries t adpt TCM as an alternative in their medical plicies.”（針灸已引起國際醫(yī)學(xué)界的興趣。中醫(yī)藥正逐漸得到世界的認(rèn)可。世衛(wèi)組織在2002年發(fā)布了一份文件，呼吁180多個國家在其醫(yī)療政策中采用中醫(yī)藥作為替代品。）和“Presently, TCM has been back in the news fr its effectiveness in imprving the cure rate f the COVID-19 since its utbreak in January 2020.”（目前，中醫(yī)藥因其在提高COVID-19治愈率方面的有效性而重新成為新聞，自從COVID-19在2020年1月爆發(fā)。），可知中醫(yī)藥的價值正逐漸得到世界的認(rèn)可，而中醫(yī)藥在提高COVID-19治愈率方面的有效性更佐證了它的價值，文章接下來可能就中醫(yī)如何幫助解決目前的情況來展開。故選A項。
4
It ges withut saying that many Western wedding custms are cmpletely different frm thse f Asian cultures. Sme are s rted in histry that many Westerners have n idea whether they even exist.
Traditinally,June has been the mst ppular mnth fr peple t get married. One reasn is that June 1 was the date f an ancient Rman festival celebrating the marriage f the gd Jupiter and his wife Jun.Anther reasn will likely. astnish yu. Centuries ag, taking a bath was nt as cmmn as it is tday. Sme peple tk a bath nly nce a year, typically in May. Since June was a time mst wedding guests wuld nt be t smelly, that mnth was preferred.
Anther wedding custm is fr the bride t "wear smething ld, smething new,smething brrwed,and smething blue."Having smething ld is said t prtect the newlyweds' future baby, while the new item shws ptimism fr the future. Meanwhile, smething brrwed is meant t bring gd luck, and smething blue is a prmise f being faithful. Lesser knwn is the fact that the bride is als suppsed t have a sixpence in her she fr prsperity(興旺)。 Interestingly,in Sweden, brides are given tw cins befre getting married-ne gld frm her mther and the ther silver frm her father-als t put in her shes. These fascinating custms shw just hw imprtant certain wedding traditins are in Western cultures.
The cncept f the “white wedding”， in which the bride wears a white wedding dress, is a familiar ne. It is thught, mistakenly thugh, that this is a traditin that develped in ancient times and riginates frm the belief f white being a symbl f purity. Actually, the custm f brides wearing this clr dates back less than 200 years and is attributed t the wedding f Queen Victria. The queen's chice f white fr her wedding was unusual fr the time as ther clrs, especially red, were much mre cmmn.
After news f Victria's highly publicized wedding t Prince Albert spread, nt just arund the United Kingdm,but t ther natins including the United States,wmen began fllwing in her ftsteps and wearing white dresses at their wedding ceremnies. With white being the chice f a pwerful ryal figure like Queen Victria, the clr became assciated with wealth. nbility. and the fashin-cnscius.
13. Based n the text, June has been a ppular mnth t get married prbably because
A. Queen Victria married Prince Albert in June f 1840
B. June is the mnth in which Rmans recall the sul f gds
C. sme peple didn't take a bath befre May in ancient times
D. it is cnsidered t be the luckiest time f year t get married
14. Which f the fllwing wedding custms is said t prtect an unbrn child?
A. Wearing smething ld.
B. Wearing smething blue.
C. Wearing a she with a cin in it.
D. Wearing smething brrwed.
15. What can we learn frm the "white wedding" mentined in the passage?
A. The white wedding dress is a symbl f purity and nbility.
B. Red rather than white was nce ppular in English weddings.
C. Queen Victria wre white in the hpe f breaking ld custms.
D. The custm f the white wedding started thusands f years ag.
16. What might be the best title fr the text?
A. Rutines f marriage ceremnies.
B. Highlights f traditinal weddings.
C. Reflecting n ld traditins.
D. Explring western wedding custms.
【答案】13. C 14. A 15. B 16. D
【解析】這是一篇說明文。文章主要講的是西方傳統(tǒng)婚禮的舊俗。
13. 推理判斷題。由第二段“Centuries ag , taking a bath was nt as cmmn as it is tday. Sme peple tk a bath nly nce a year, typically in May. Since June was a time mst wedding guests wuld nt be t smelly, that mnth was preferred”（幾世紀(jì)前，洗澡不像今天一樣普遍。一些人一年只一次澡，通常是在5月洗澡。因為6月大多數(shù)的賓客身上并不太難聞，所以那個月份是完美的。）可知，6月份的客人身上沒有太多異味，所以6月是結(jié)婚的流行月，故選C項。
14. 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第三段“ ld is said t prtect the newlyweds’ future baby. ”(穿舊衣服可以保護(hù)一對新人將來的孩子)可知，要保護(hù)新生兒，新娘得穿舊衣服，故選A項。
15. 推理判斷題。由第四段“The queen's chice f white fr her wedding was unusual fr the time as ther clrs, especially red, were much mre cmmn.”（女王婚禮選擇的白色相較于其他顏色是不常見的。紅色是更普遍的。）可知，傳統(tǒng)婚禮紅色更受歡迎，故選B項。
16. 主旨大意題。由文章第一段“It ges withut saying that many Western wedding custms are cmpletely different frm thse f Asian cultures. Sme are s rted in histry that many Westerners have n idea whether they even exist.”（不用說，許多西方的婚禮習(xí)俗與亞洲文化是完全不同的。有些是根植于歷史的，許多西方人甚至不知道它們是否存在。）引出下文：結(jié)婚的流行月，結(jié)婚時的著裝，婚禮的顏色。所以文章主要圍繞的是西方婚禮的習(xí)俗，所以短文的最佳標(biāo)題為“ 探索西方婚禮的習(xí)俗”。故選D項。
5
British beer and pubs are famus arund the wrld. Things are changing, hwever. Is this the end f a great British traditin?
Fr thusands f years, a very imprtant building in any British village has been the pub. In fact, until a place has a pub, it is nt really cnsidered a cmmunity wrthy f a name. Traditinally, the pub is at the heart f any village r twn, since it is where peple gather t scialize and exchange news. It is an institutin at the heart f British sciety. After all, the wrd “pub” is actually shrt fr “public huse”.
As a result, British pubs are ften ld and well preserved. Many f them have becme histric sites that turists visit. Many British pubs have names referring t mnarchs, such as The King's Head r The Queen Victria, but f curse this desn't mean they are nly fr kings and queens. Pubs have always welcmed peple frm all classes and parts f sciety. On a cld night, the pub bss can always find a warm place fr custmers by the fire. There is always hnest and hearty fd and plenty f drink available at an affrdable price.
That's hw it used t be, but there are wrrying signs that things are beginning t change. Ecnmic dwnturns, gvernmental austerity measures and cultural changes are causing many pubs t g ut f business. Peple d nt have a lt f spare mney t spend n beer. On tp f that, in 2007 smking was banned in all public indr spaces, including pubs, which may als have affected the number f custmers ging t pubs since then. This decline is happening despite the fact that pubs are nw allwed by law t stay pen after 11p.m..
In rder t save their businesses, pubs are trying t diversify t attract new custmers. And with varius “save the pub” campaigns, there are signs that peple are gathering arund pubs t supprt this great British institutin with pride.
17. Why are British pubs ften ld?
A. Because the British want t attract turists.
B. Because the birth f a cmmunity ften results frm a pub in it.
C. Because they are where peple scialize and exchange news.
D. Because they fllw in the traditin f British kings and queens.
18. What des the underlined wrd “mnarchs” in paragraph 3 prbably mean?
A. Emperrs.B. Bsses.C. Special turists.D. Ordinary peple.
19. What causes many pubs t clse dwn?
A. Cultural differences.B. Ecnmic decline.
C. Changes in pening hurs.D. Regulatins against drinking.
20. What is the authr's attitude twards the future f British pubs?
A. Cnservative.B. Skeptical.C. Hpeless.D. Objective.
【答案】17. B 18. A 19. B 20. D
【解析】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了英國的酒吧文化，介紹了英國酒吧興起的原因，酒吧的特色，酒吧如今面臨的困境以及人們?yōu)檎染瓢伤冻龅囊恍┡Α?br>17. 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“In fact, until a place has a pub, it is nt really cnsidered a cmmunity wrthy f a name. Traditinally, the pub is at the heart f any village r twn, since it is where peple gather t scialize and exchange news. It is an institutin at the heart f British sciety. After all, the wrd “pub” is actually shrt fr “public huse”.(事實上，直到一個地方有了酒吧，它才被認(rèn)為是一個名副其實的社區(qū)。傳統(tǒng)上，小酒吧位于任何村莊或城鎮(zhèn)的中心，因為人們聚集在這里進(jìn)行社交和交流新聞。它是英國社會核心的一種機(jī)構(gòu)。畢竟，“pub”這個詞實際上是“public huse”的縮寫)”以及第三段中“As a result, British pubs are ften ld and well preserved.(因此，英國的酒吧往往歷史悠久，保存完好)”可知，英國酒吧總是很老，是因為一個社區(qū)的誕生往往源于其中的酒吧。故選B。
18. 詞義猜測題。根據(jù)畫線詞后文“such as The King's Head r The Queen Victria, but f curse this desn't mean they are nly fr kings and queens”可知，比如“國王頭”或“維多利亞女王”，但當(dāng)然這并不意味著只有國王和女王才能光顧酒吧，這說明很多英國酒吧的名字都與君主有關(guān)，故畫線詞意思為“君主”。A. Emperrs.君主；B. Bsses.老板；C. Special turists. 特殊的游客；D. Ordinary peple.普通人。故選A。
19. 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中“Ecnmic dwnturns, gvernmental austerity measures and cultural changes are causing many pubs t g ut f business.(經(jīng)濟(jì)衰退、政府緊縮措施和文化變革正導(dǎo)致許多酒吧倒閉)”可知，導(dǎo)致許多酒吧關(guān)門的原因是經(jīng)濟(jì)衰退。故選B。
20. 推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“In rder t save their businesses, pubs are trying t diversify t attract new custmers. And with varius “save the pub” campaigns, there are signs that peple are gathering arund pubs t supprt this great British institutin with pride.(為了挽救他們的生意，酒吧正試圖通過多樣化來吸引新的顧客。在各種各樣的“拯救酒吧”運(yùn)動中，有跡象表明人們正聚集在酒吧周圍，自豪地支持酒吧這一英國機(jī)構(gòu))”可推知，作者在最后一段中客觀陳述了人們?yōu)檎染瓢蛇M(jìn)行的努力，沒有提到個人對英國酒吧未來的看法，即對英國酒吧的未來持客觀態(tài)度。故選D。
6
Fr many years, schl children in the US have been taken n “field trips” t cultural institutins such as museums f art. Educatrs arrange them in the belief that schls exist nt nly t teach ecnmically useful skills, but als t prduce civilized yung peple wh appreciate the art and culture. While there are parents wh will take their children t cultural places in their free time, there are plenty f ther children wh will never have this kind f pprtunity unless schls ffer it. S yu culd say that taking schl students n field trips is a means f giving everyne equal access t their cultural heritage.
Hwever, the attitude twards field trips in recent years is changing, with the number f turs rganized fr schl grups falling significantly in museums all arund the cuntry. The mst bvius reasn is the issue f finance. Because there are increasing demands n their funds, after all, cmputers and sprts facilities aren’t cheap, schls are frced t make a difficult chice abut hw t spend the limited mney they have. Faced with this dilemma, field trips are an bvius thing t cut since they are seen by many as a luxury.
Additinally, the nature f these field days is als changing. Schls increasingly use trips t amusement parks r sprting events as a treat fr students rather than an pprtunity fr cultural learning. This shift culd have a basis in generatinal differences between teachers’ reasns fr rganizing days ut f schl. A recent survey cnducted amng 500 Arkansas teachers shwed that lder teachers were significantly mre likely t take the primary purpse f a field trip as a learning experience than yunger teachers, wh view it as fun.
Sme evidence shws the trend f fewer trips may have a negative effect n children’s develpment. A research led by Jay Greene at Arkansas University fund that students wh received a tur f an art museum greatly imprved their knwledge f and the ability t think critically abut art. They als display strnger histrical interest and were mre likely t visit cultural places in the future. The researchers warn that if schls cut field trips r switch t less educatinal destinatins, valuable pprtunities t braden and enrich children’s learning experiences are lst.
21. What is the initial purpse f field trips t cultural institutins?
A. T teach students useful skills in ecnmics.
B. T make every student expsed t art and culture.
C. T educate students t preserve cultural heritage.
D. T encurage parents t take their children there.
22. Which factr mst prbably leads t the trend f fewer field trips?
A. The drp in schl funds.B. Students’ demand fr fun.
C. The dilemma f schl finance.D. Teachers’ generatinal differences.
23. What des the underlined phrase “This shift” in Paragraph 3 refer t?
A. The switch frm ld generatins t yung generatins.
B. The switch frm sprting events t cultural experiences.
C. The change frm an pprtunity t learn t a treat t entertain.
D. The change frm educatinal destinatins t luxurius attractins.
24. What can be inferred abut field trips frm the research by Jay Greene?
A. Students are rewarded with mre cultural awareness.
B. Amusement parks enrich children’s learning experiences.
C. Cutting field trips is critical t the future f the museum.
D. Field trips guarantee better future academic perfrmance.
【答案】21. B 22. C 23. C 24. A
【解析】這是一篇說明文。短文介紹了美國的學(xué)生都被帶到藝術(shù)博物館等文化機(jī)構(gòu)進(jìn)行“實地考察”給學(xué)生帶來的好處及其這些活動減少的原因。
21. 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段第二句“Educatrs arrange them in the belief that schls exist nt nly t teach ecnmically useful skills, but als t prduce civilized yung peple wh appreciate the art and culture.” 可知，教育工作者之所以安排這些課程，是因為他們相信，學(xué)校的存在不僅是為了教授經(jīng)濟(jì)上有用的技能，而且也是為了培養(yǎng)能欣賞藝術(shù)和文化的文明年輕人。所以到文化機(jī)構(gòu)實地考察的最初目的是讓每個學(xué)生都能接觸到藝術(shù)和文化。故選B項。
22. 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第二句“The mst bvius reasn is the issue f finance. ”可知，學(xué)校組織的考察團(tuán)數(shù)量大幅降低的最主要原因是學(xué)校財務(wù)的困境。故選C項。
23. 詞句猜測題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Additinally, the nature f these field days is als changing. Schls increasingly use trips t amusement parks r sprting events as a treat fr students rather than an pprtunity fr cultural learning. ”可知，此外，這些實地考察日的性質(zhì)也在改變。學(xué)校越來越多地把游樂園或體育賽事作為對學(xué)生的款待，而不是文化學(xué)習(xí)的機(jī)會。由此可知，This shift指的是從一個學(xué)習(xí)的機(jī)會變成一個款待學(xué)生的機(jī)會。故選C項。
24. 推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段第二句、第三句“A research led by Jay Greene at Arkansas University fund that students wh received a tur f an art museum greatly imprved their knwledge f and the ability t think critically abut art. They als display strnger histrical interest and were mre likely t visit cultural places in the future. ”可知，阿肯色大學(xué)的杰伊·格林領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的一項研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，參觀藝術(shù)博物館的學(xué)生極大地提高了他們對藝術(shù)的知識和批判性思考的能力。他們還表現(xiàn)出更強(qiáng)烈的歷史興趣，未來更有可能參觀文化場所。由此可推知，學(xué)生們得到的回報是更多的文化意識。故選A項。

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