【命題意圖】 閱讀理解從能力的角度來講，考查學(xué)生運(yùn)用英語的能力，具體地說，就是通過閱讀有關(guān)文章提取有用信息的能力。
【考試方向】記敘文類文章描述的是一件具體事情的發(fā)生、發(fā)展和結(jié)局，通常有時間、地點(diǎn)、人物、事件等。有些文章是按事件發(fā)展的經(jīng)過為主線敘述的，在敘述的過程中有詳有略；有些文章是按時間的順序敘述的，有順敘、倒敘等。從總體上來講，文章的難度通常不大，在閱讀過程中，我們一直在某個線索的引導(dǎo)下，隨著作者的思路去了解一個故事或一件事情的始末，因此會感到比較輕松。命題往往從故事的情節(jié)、人物或事件之間的關(guān)系、作者的意圖和態(tài)度、故事的前因和后果等方面入手，考查學(xué)生對細(xì)節(jié)的辨認(rèn)能力以及推理判斷能力。閱讀此類文章應(yīng)特別注意：（1）若是一般故事性文章，應(yīng)讀懂故事的發(fā)生，發(fā)展，高潮和結(jié)局；（2）若是＂哲理故事＂，要理解故事所蘊(yùn)含的哲理意義；（3）若是 ＂逸聞趣事＂，應(yīng)體會對話的風(fēng)趣性，進(jìn)而才能感受幽默的精髓。
【得分要點(diǎn)】高考閱讀理解體裁紛繁多樣，但每套試卷通常包含一到兩篇記敘文。在所有的閱讀體裁中，記敘文的難度相對是比較低的。如果掌握了閱讀的技巧，多多實(shí)踐，閱讀能力就有可能大大提高。
要熟練掌握記敘文的閱讀技巧，了解記敘文的寫作特點(diǎn)與命題特點(diǎn)也是有必要的。
一、記敘文寫作特點(diǎn)
記敘文是一種記載和敘述事件由來，描繪事物和人物情景狀態(tài)、過程及發(fā)展的文體。消息、通訊、傳記、游記、小說、童話、寓言以及記敘性的散文等文體，都屬于記敘文的范疇。
就寫作順序而言，記敘文要么是按時間順序，要么是按事件的重要性的順序來展開。不管是哪種敘述方法，最后經(jīng)常會有一兩句話抒發(fā)作者的情緒與感悟，這是記敘文的精華所在，也是閱讀的難點(diǎn)所在，可謂＂一篇之妙，在于落句＂。
二、記敘文命題特點(diǎn)
從命題形式上看，常見的有細(xì)節(jié)理解、詞義猜測、主旨大意、推理判斷、作者意圖等題型。除了推論或詞義辨識題，記敘文命題的順序一般都會按照文章的脈絡(luò)和故事發(fā)展的順序?qū)訉油七M(jìn)，否則就會覺得別扭，邏輯不通。同時，記敘文需要事件的發(fā)展過程作支撐，一半以上的題目都會用來檢測考生對故事的了解，因此，我們必須弄明白整件事情的發(fā)展脈絡(luò)。而其余像主旨大意、作者意圖之類的題目，則取決于文章的落句，集中考查對作者所發(fā)的感觸的理解。總之，細(xì)節(jié)題是記敘文命題的主流題型。而寓意之類的題則是高一層次的題，有一定的難度和區(qū)分度，它們是拉開距離的題，答對了這些題，你才有可能成功地躋身高分之列。綜上所述，記敘文的應(yīng)對策略即：不漏細(xì)節(jié)，奠定基礎(chǔ)；把準(zhǔn)寓意，方能成功。
三、記敘文答題技巧
一把鑰匙開一把鎖。要解答好記敘文閱讀理解題，就應(yīng)該有一套針對性強(qiáng)的方法和技巧。下面是我們在閱讀教學(xué)中積累下來的一點(diǎn)心得體會，希望能對大家有所幫助。
N.1 順藤摸瓜
記敘文中有大量的事件發(fā)展過程中的細(xì)節(jié)，包括記敘文的5W（what, wh, when, where, why）要素。因此我們作答細(xì)節(jié)題的時候，就沒有那么復(fù)雜，一般只需要由前到后，從上到下，一題一題地做就可以了。
N.2 左顧右盼
在做題過程中，我們大都不能在文中找到與題干一字不差的詞語或句子。這時我們需要認(rèn)真研究問題，抓住題干中的關(guān)鍵詞語，然后到文中準(zhǔn)確地找到與之相關(guān)的語句，或是疑似語句的位置，接著去左顧，或右盼，在前句或后句尋找線索。
N.3 刨根問底
如前所述，主旨大意題或推理判斷、作者意圖題等實(shí)際上是同一類型的問題，或者說是可用同種方法解答的題型。在解答此類題目的時候，不可被題干的表象所迷惑，要像剝洋蔥一樣，一層一層地剝；在四個可選項中，一個一個地去證實(shí)，去排除。特別是解答推論或暗指類的題目，比如＂What can be inferred frm …?＂或是What des the authr imply in…?＂之類的題目，文中所陳述的往往不是答案。我們要在文前文后去查找，在字里行間里去尋覓。有時還少不了借助自己的生活經(jīng)驗(yàn)和常理來體會這言外之意。
N.4 撥云見日
每年的高考閱讀題中，特別是記敘文的閱讀題，都會出現(xiàn)一至兩道詞義猜測題。而這些詞匯往往是你素昧平生的，或者和你有點(diǎn)頭之交，在文中卻另有新意的，總之，猜的是那些在高考詞匯表要求之外的詞匯。小小的一個詞，一個短語，考核的不是你的語法的熟練程度，也不是你的記憶力，而是你對文章通篇或者一個段落的整體把握和變通能力。
這時，你不僅需要＂左顧右盼＂，還需要在幾句話，一個段落，乃至整篇文章的字里行間中快速搜尋，看看前面、后面都發(fā)生了些什么；反復(fù)琢磨人物、事物，或者人物與事物之間的內(nèi)在聯(lián)系，才可能在最后撥開團(tuán)團(tuán)迷霧，從四個選項中選出正確答案。
【真題再現(xiàn)】 【2020·新高考全國卷I，B】
Jenifer Mauer has needed mre willpwer than the typical cllege student t pursue her gal f earning a nursing degree. That willpwer bre fruit when Jennifer graduated frm University f Wiscnsin-Eau Claire and became the first in her large family t earn a bachelr's degree.
Mauer, f Edgar, Wiscnsin, grew up n a farm in a family f 10 children. Her dad wrked at a jb away frm the farm, and her mther ran the farm with the kids. After high schl, Jennifer attended a lcal technical cllege, wrking t pay her tuitin(學(xué)費(fèi)), because there was n extra mney set aside fr a cllege educatin. After graduatin, she wrked t help her sisters and brthers pay fr their schling.
Jennifer nw is married and has three children f her wn. She decided t g back t cllege t advance her career and t be able t better supprt her family while ding smething she lves: nursing. She chse the UW-Eau Claire prgram at Ministry Saint Jseph's Hspital in Marshfield because she was able t pursue her fur-year degree clse t hme. She culd drive t class and be hme in the evening t help with her kids. Jenifer received great supprt frm her family as she wrked t earn her degree: Her husband wrked tw jbs t cver the bills, and her 68-year-ld mther helped take care f the children at times.
Thrugh it all, she remained in gd academic standing and graduated with hnrs. Jennifer sacrificed(犧牲)t achieve her gal, giving up many nights with her kids and missing imprtant events t study. ''Sme nights my heart was breaking t have t pick between my kids and studying fr exams r papers,'' she says. Hwever, her children have learned an imprtant lessn witnessing their mther earn her degree. Jennifer is a first-generatin graduate and an inspiratin t her family-and that's pretty pwerful.
4. What did Jennifer d after high schl?
A. She helped her dad with his wrk.
B. She ran the family farm n her wn.
C. She supprted herself thrugh cllege.
D. She taught her sisters and brthers at hme.
5. Why did Jennifer chse the prgram at Ministry Saint Jseph's Hspital in Marshfield?
A. T take care f her kids easily.B. T learn frm the best nurses.
C. T save mney fr her parents.D. T find a well-paid jb there.
6. What did Jennifer sacrifice t achieve her gal?
A. Her health.B. Her time with family.
C. Her reputatin.D. Her chance f prmtin.
7. What can we learn frm Jenifer's stry?
A. Time is mney.B. Lve breaks dwn barriers.
C. Hard wrk pays ff.D. Educatin is the key t success.
【答案】4. C 5. A 6. B 7. C
【解析】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了Jennifer在家里不能提供大學(xué)教育的情況下，通過自己的努力，以及家人的幫助完成了四年學(xué)位。她的努力不僅讓自己以優(yōu)異的成績畢業(yè)，還給家人，尤其是她的三個孩子樹立了榜樣，讓他們得到了激勵。
4.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的After high schl, Jennifer attended a lcal technical cllege, wrking t pay her tuitin, because there was n extra mney set aside fr a cllege educatin.(高中畢業(yè)后，Jennifer上了一所當(dāng)?shù)氐募夹g(shù)學(xué)院來支付她的學(xué)費(fèi)，因?yàn)榧依餂]有額外的錢用來支付大學(xué)教育)可知，高中畢業(yè)后Jennifer通過自己掙錢來完成大學(xué)教學(xué)，因?yàn)榧依餂]有額外的錢。C. She supprted herself thrugh cllege.(她自食其力讀完了大學(xué))符合以上說法，故選C項。
5.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的She chse the UW-Eau Claire prgram at Misnistry Saint Jseph’s Hspital in Marshfield because she was able t pursue her fur-year degree clse t hme. She culd drive t class and be hme in the evening t help with her kids.(她選擇了位于馬什菲爾德的圣約瑟夫醫(yī)院的UW-Eau Claire項目，因?yàn)樗梢栽陔x家近的地方攻讀四年的學(xué)位。她可以開車去上課，晚上可以回家照顧孩子)可知，Jennifer選擇位于馬什菲爾德的圣約瑟夫醫(yī)院的UW-Eau Claire項目是因?yàn)殡x家近，這樣便于照顧她的三個孩子。A. T take care f her kids easily.(為了方便照顧她的孩子)符合以上說法，故選A項。
6.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段的Jennifer sacrificed t achieve her gal, giving up many nights with her kids and missing imprtant events t study.(Jennifer為了實(shí)現(xiàn)自己的目標(biāo)犧牲了很多，她放棄了很多個和孩子待在一起的晚上，錯過了很多重要的活動)可知，為了實(shí)現(xiàn)自己的目標(biāo)Jennifer放棄了和家人待在一起的時光。B. Her time with family.(她與家人的時光)符合以上說法，故選B項。
7.推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段的Thrugh it all, she remind in gd academic standing and graduated with hnrs.(雖然經(jīng)歷了這些，但她一直保持著良好的學(xué)術(shù)地位，并以優(yōu)異的成績畢業(yè))和Hwever, her children have learned an imprtant lessn witnessing their mther earn her degree. Jennifer is a first-generatin graduate and an inspiratin t her family-and that’s the pretty pwerful.(然而，她的孩子們在見證母親獲得學(xué)位的過程中得到了重要的一課。Jennifer是第一代畢業(yè)生，這對她的家庭來說是一種激勵--這是非常強(qiáng)大的。)可知，Jennifer在艱苦的環(huán)境中通過自己的努力不僅以優(yōu)異的成績畢業(yè)，還給孩子樹立了榜樣，同時也讓家人得到了激勵。由此推測，我們可以從Jennifer的故事中學(xué)到:努力總會有回報。C. Hard wrk pays ff.(努力會得到回報)符合以上說法，故選C項。
【題型演練】
1
The 2020 Nbel Prize in literature has been awarded t frmer U.S. Pet Laureate（桂冠詩人）Luise Gluck. The prize cmmittee cited “her unique petic vice that with plain beauty makes individual existence universal”. Gluck is the first American wman t win the award since Tni Mrrisn in 1993. Gluck, 77, jins a list f literary giants and previus Nbelists wh include, in this century, Canadian shrt-stry master Alice Munr, Chinese magical-realist M Yan, etc.
Gluck’s wrk includes 12 cllectins f petry and a few vlumes f essays n literary writing. “All are characterized by a striving fr clarity（清晰）. Childhd and family life, the clse relatinship with parents and siblings, is a theme that has remained central t her,” Anders Olssn, the chairman f the Nbel Cmmittee fr Literature, said. “She seeks the universal, and in this she takes inspiratin frm myths and classical mtifs,” Olssn added, citing her 2006 cllectin Avern, which the cmmittee described as “masterly” fr its “visinary interpretatin f the myth f Persephne’s (珀爾塞福涅) fall int hell in the captivity (囚禁) f Hades(哈得斯), the gd f death”.
Being a prfessr at Yale and a resident f Cambridge, Gluck als served as U.S. Pet Laureate frm 2003 t 2004 and is n stranger t awards. She wn the Pulitzer Prize in 1993 fr her cllectin f pems titled The Wild Iris, in which “she describes the incredible return f life after winter in the pem Snwdrps,” the Nbel literature cmmittee said Thursday. She als wn the 2014 Natinal Bk Award fr the pem Faithful and Virtuus Night. In 2016, President Obama awarded the Natinal Humanities Medal t Gluck in a White Huse ceremny.
The publicity-shy Gluck did nt immediately issue any cmment abut the latest hnr fr her bdy f wrk, which spans mre than half a century. In a 2012 interview, she acknwledged that prizes can make “existence in the wrld easier” but did nt amunt t the immrtality(不朽) f a true artist.
1. What can we knw abut Gluck frm Paragraph 1?
A. She is as ppular as the Chinese nvelist M Yan.
B. She wn the Nbel Prize fr her special literary style.
C. She is the first American t win a Nbel Prize in literature.
D. She is the nly Pet Laureate in mdern American histry.
2. What d Gluck’s pems mainly fcus n?
A. Daily life.B. Nature.
C. Careers.D. Classical myths.
3. What is the purpse f Paragraph 3?
A. T shw Gluck’s cntributins t literature.
B. T prve Gluck’s great passin fr writing.
C. T present Gluck’s utstanding achievements.
D. T stress Gluck’s influence n ther pets.
4. What des Gluck think abut the hnr she has received?
A. She is cntent with it.
B. She takes it very seriusly.
C. She deserves a higher hnr.
D. She desn’t attach great imprtance t it.
2
Elizabeth Freeman was brn abut 1742 t African American parents wh were slaves. At the age f six mnths she was acquired, alng with her sister, by Jhn Ashley, a wealthy Massachusetts slavehlder. She became knwn as “Mumbet” r “Mum Bett”.
Fr nearly 30 years Mumbet served the Ashley family. One day, Ashley’s wife tried t strike Mumbet’s sister with a spade. Mumbet prtected her sister and tk the blw instead. Furius, she left the huse and refused t cme back. When the Ashleys tried t make her return, Mumbet cnsulted a lawyer, Thedre Sedgewick. With his help, Mumbet sued（起訴）fr her freedm.
While serving the Ashleys, Mumbet had listened t many discussins f the new Massachusetts cnstitutin. If the cnstitutin said that all peple were free and equal, then she thught it shuld apply t her. Eventually, Mumbet wn her freedm — the first slave in Massachusetts t d s under the new cnstitutin.
Strangely enugh, after the trial, the Ashleys asked Mumbet t cme back and wrk fr them as a paid emplyee. She declined and instead went t wrk fr Sedgewick. Mumbet died in 1829, but her legacy lived n in her many descendant（后裔）. One f her great-grandchildren was W. E. B. Du Bis, ne f the funders f the NAACP, and an imprtant writer and spkespersn fr African American civil rights.
Mumbet’s tmbstne, still stands in the Massachusetts cemetery where she was buried. It reads, in part: “She was brn a slave and remained a slave fr nearly thirty years. She culd neither read nr write, yet in her wn sphere she had n superir r equal. ”
5. What led t Mumbet running away frm the Ashleys?
A. Finding a new emplyer.B. Wanting t be a lawyer.
C. Being abused and angry.D. Attending t her sister.
6. What influence did the discussin f the new cnstitutin have n Mumbet?
A. It helped Mumbet t better serve the Ashleys.
B. It reminded Mumbet t win her equality and freedm.
C. It caused Mumbet t vilate the new cnstitutin.
D. It helped Mumbet t apply fr a jb smthly.
7. What d we knw abut Mumbet after the trial?
A. She chse t wrk fr a lawyer.
B. She became a writer in her wn field.
C. She funded the NAACP fr her grandchildren.
D. She jumped at the chance t be a paid emplyee.
8. What is the text mainly abut?
A. A stry f a famus writer and spkespersn.
B. The friendship between a lawyer and a slave.
C. The life f a brave African American wman.
D. A trial that shcked the whle wrld.
3
Rse McGee bakes sweet ptat pies fr murning cmmunities all ver the cuntry. This year, she fund herself serving sweet relief in her wn backyard. On the first night f the plice curfew in Minneaplis last summer, Rse McGee barely slept. "Peple I knw were ut n the streets, says the 69-year-ld resident f nearby Glden Valley. "I was wrried.” McGee decided t stay up the fllwing night and bake sweet ptat pies.
In the mrning, gds were first sent t murners at Gerge Flyd's memrial site. She delivered her baked gds first t just 14 miles away, and then t prtestrs and vlunteers at the Minneaplis branch f the NAACP. The fllwing weekend, she tk dzens mre t a temprary fd distributin center in St. Paul where many grcery stres had been destryed.
Sadly, McGee has made Sweet Ptat Cmfrt Pies, as she calls them, all t ften in recent years. She baked her first pack in 2014, after news f unrest brke ut in Fergusn, Missuri, fllwing the plice killing f Michael Brwn. McGee drve mre than 500 miles t Fergusn t persnally deliver the 30 pies she had made in the same year. The next year, she shipped mre t Charlestn, Suth Carlina, where nine wrshippers had been sht dead at the Mther Emanuel AME Church. After tw years, McGee's pies cmfrted thse in and arund Minneaplis after plice fficers fatally sht Jamar Clark and Philand Castile. “Lking at thse wh are in suffering, I am in srrw. I'm lking frward t cmfrting them. As peple carry these pies, they're able t have dialgues, able t listen t each ther.” McGee says, “If we dn't start listening mre, I dn't knw hw we'll ever be able t mve frward. The pies are simply what can prmte that.”
9. The reasn why McGee was wrried n that night is that .
A. her neighbrs might stay up t late
B. ptat pies were nt enugh t distribute
C. many neighbrs were arrested by the plice
D. peple hung ut tgether in the night against the curfew
10. What happened in the year f 2015?
A. The plice and residents came int battle.
B. Nine wrshippers were killed by gunsht.
C. The plice murdered Jamar Clark purpsely.
D. McGee baked her first sweet ptat pies successfully.
11. McGee made Sweet Ptat Cmfrt Pie t .
A. warn the plice nt t mistreat citizensB. cmfrt thse wh suffered family abuse
C. mtivate the residents t fight fr fairnessD. teach peple hw t build a gd relatinship
12. What des the underlined wrd "that" in the last paragraph refer t?
A. Peple's helping in suffering.B. The relief frm victims in accidents.
C. The cmfrt given t peple in hardship.D. Peple's being willing t cmmunicate.
4
A histry f vaccinatin
EBOLA, a deadly virus, has becme ne f the wrld’s biggest prblems this summer. Since last December, it has killed ver 1,200 peple, mst f them in West Africa.
Scientists all ver the wrld are acting t stp the “mnster”. They are develping medicines, but mre imprtantly, they are experimenting with vaccines t prevent peple frm getting infected in the first place.
That change happened largely because f the British dctr and scientist Edward Jenner, the pineer f smallpx vaccinatin. Vaccinatin has always been a pwerful shield against diseases. The names f thse diseases used t be frightening husehld names, but nw they are all but frgtten.
Jenner was brn in England in 1749. In his time, smallpx was ne f the greatest killers f the perid, especially amng children. But Jenner nticed that milkmaids seldm caught smallpx.
What was the secret? Jenner had a brave guess: Cws smetimes caught “cwpx”, a disease similar t smallpx but much less dangerus. The pus frm the cw’s bdy gt nt the milkmaids’ hands and prtected them frm smallpx.
In 1796 Jenner carried ut an experiment n an 8-year-ld by, the sn f his gardener. He first made sme scratches n the by’s arm, and then rubbed the pus int them. Later, when the by was expsed t the smallpx virus, he wasn’t infected.
Jenner’s thery was prven: a less dangerus virus makes yur bdy learn t destry it. Yur bdy can then mre easily destry any similar viruses that it later meets.
Hwever, many peple culdn’t accept his idea at the time. T them, it was disgusting t put material frm a diseased animal int smene’s bdy.
An ppnent drew a cartn in 1802 in which peple wh were vaccinated began t grw cw’s heads.
But the bvius effects f vaccinatin wn ut, and vaccinatin sn became widespread.
The terms “vaccine” and “vaccinatin” came frm varilae vaccinae, which Jenner used t call “cwpx”. T hnr Jenner, peple are nw using the terms fr inculatin against any disease.
S, when will Jenner’s legacy save peple frm Ebla?
It wn’t take lng, accrding t the Wrld Health Organizatin. It is expecting t cnsider the emergency use f Ebla vaccines by the end f 2014.
13. What des the article mainly talk abut?
A. Hw vaccinatins prtect us frm dangerus diseases.
B. The cmmn effrts f scientists t find a cure fr Ebla.
C. Hw the first vaccine and vaccinatins came abut.
D. Edward Jenner’s fight against smallpx.
14. Frm the text we can cnclude that Jenner ______.
A. cured peple after they had smallpx
B. interviewed many milkmaids befre he tested his thery
C. fund that the smallpx vaccine wrked better n children than adults
D. came up with a thery based n bservatin and his knwledge f diseases
15. What culd be inferred frm the article?
A. Jenner’s smallpx vaccine culd be used t fight against Ebla.
B. Smallpx vaccinatin was nt widely accepted by the public at first.
C. The way vaccines wrk has changed a lt ver the years.
D. It will nly take mnths befre Ebla vaccines are widely used.
5
On a cld Nvember mrning in Y semite Natinal Park, n the suth-west face f EL Capitan, Alex Hnnld hlds n t the side f the wall with nthing but the tips f his fingers and tw thin edges f shes, attempting t d smething that prfessinals have lng wanted t d--a“free sl” climb f the wrld's mst terrifying cliff (懸崖). That means he is alne and climbing withut a rpe as he makes his way up mre than half a mile f rck.
Paul Preuss, the father f the free sling, stated the key f the climbing was t master a muntain with superir physical and mental skill, nt “artificial aid". Having made sme 150 rpeless climbs by the age f 27, he fell t his death in 1913 while free sling in the Austrian Alps. But Preuss's ideas survived and inspired the “free climbing”mvement f the 1960s, which supprted using rpes and ther safety equipment. The next free slist appeared in 1973, when Henry Barber climbed up the 1,00--feet nrth face f Ysemite's Sentinel Rck withut a rpe. In 1976, Jhn Bachar free sled New Dimensins, a 300-ft cliff in Ysemite and Peter Crft free sled tw f Ysemite's mst celebrated rutes--- Astrman and Rstrum--in the same day.
Crft's achievement std until 2007, when Hnnld, then 22, astnished the wrld by repeating Crft's Astrman--Rstrum masterpiece and free sled tw famusly tugh rutes in Zin Natinal Park and Y semite. Nw, Hnnld is attempting much higher gals and he is well n his way t cmpleting the greatest rck climb in histry.
16. What can yu learn abut Alex Hnnld frm Paragraph 1?
A. He climbed with many ther peple.
B. He attempted t climb with artificial aid.
C. He free sled the suth-west face f EL Capitan with enugh safety equipment.
D. He was the first persn t attempt t free sl the suth -west face f EL Captain.
17. What des the underlined wrd“survived" in Paragraph 2 mean?
A. Lived lnger.B. Cntinued t exist.
C. Escaped.D. Succeeded.
18. What can yu learn frm the passage?
A. Climbers mustn't use aid f any kind in climbing.
B. One' s strength and will matter a lt while free sling.
C. Climbers shuld use any safety devices while free sling.
D. Rpes culd nly be used as an“artificial aid”while free sling.
19. What can best describe Hnnld frm the last Paragraph?
A. Ambitius.B. Encuraged.
C. Stubbrn.D. Disappinted.
6
In 2018, the state f Califrnia was n fire. Alexandria Villasenr, wh was 13 at the time, witnessed the destructin f Nrthern Califrnia’s Camp Fire, which wuld g n t burn mre than 150,000 acres f land. Villasenr was scared. “That’s when I fund ut hw imprtant climate educatin was,” she reflected. “And just hw much we lacked climate educatin these past cuple f years.”
Villasenr, nw 15, is determined t have a bigger cnversatin. She quickly realized the fight requires internatinal, gvernment-level changes. Fr her, what started as lcal cncern turned int a year-lng prtest in frnt f the United Natins’ New Yrk City headquarters and a glbal campaign fr mre cmpulsry climate educatin. She sat n a bench in frnt f the headquarters, pleading fr the wrld's leaders t take climate change seriusly.
Her actin received natinal attentin, with millins f ther students arund the wrld jining in the mvement. “It's cmpletely unacceptable t nt learn anything abut ur planet and ur envirnment in schl, after all the yung peple wuld “inherit” the Earth.” Villasenr said, “That’s why I think that climate educatin is s imprtant, and that's why I fcus a lt n it nw.”
Right nw, Villasenr is wrking with the Biden-Harris administratin n its climate plan, which has prmised t center the needs f yung peple and cmmunities mst impacted by climate change. She even spke at the 2020 Demcratic Natinal Cnventin. “That was definitely a huge mment when I realized that peple were listening t the vices f me and yuth climate activists,” Villasenr said.
When she isn't cnnecting with her fellw yuth activists r hlding elected fficials accuntable t the climate cncerns f their yung vters, Villasenr is like mst ther teens. “My favrite thing t d, f curse, is sleep.” she said. “I like t read a lt. I like fantasy bks, nrmally. I als like t write.”
20. What made Villasenr realize the lack f climate educatin?
A. The state f Califrnia.B. The fire disasters in America.
C. 150,000 acres f land scaring her.D. The severe Camp fire in Califrnia.
21. What des the underlined part “have a bigger cnversatin” mean?
A. T talk with mre lcal peple t change their mind.
B. T cnvey her belief ludly t mre glbal students.
C. T call n lcal peple t fight with the leaders.
D. T prtest t leaders at hme and abrad t make changes.
22. We can infer frm the passage that ______.
A. Villasenr turned her riginal appeal int a lasting and widespread ne
B. Villasenr thinks the wrld’s leaders have taken climate change seriusly
C. Millins f students arund the wrld are jining in the mvement
D. Yung peple shuld d mre things fr the earth s as t inherit it
23. Which f the fllwing facts gives Villasenr a sense f achievement?
A. That she is wrking with the Biden-Harris administratin n 1ts climate plan.
B. That her and ther yuth climate activists’ pinins caught peple’s attentin.
C. That she can sleep and read in her spare time.
D. That mre schls have set up climate curses.
24. What is this passage mainly abut?
A. The 15-year-ld activist fighting fr better climate educatin.
B. Climate educatin deserves everyne’s attentin arund the wrld.
C. A yung girl and her climate educatin.
D. Yung activists make their vices heard.
7
Luise Gluck has been n stranger t awards ver her lng and stried career, since her first publicatin in 1968. In 1993, she wn the Pulitzer Prize fr her cllectin f pems, The Wild Iris. And n Oct 8 she became the 16th wman t win the Nbel Prize in literature with the Nbel prizes first awarded in 1901.
Gluck was hnred “fr her unmistakable petic vice that, with plain beauty, makes individual existence universal”. Often said t be an autbigraphical pet, drawing frm her life, “she is nt t be regarded as a cnfessinal pet (告白派詩人). Gluck seeks the universal,” Nbel Cmmittee Chair Anders Olssn said in a statement.
Gluck, 77, the authr f 12 petry cllectins, has been able t turn her life experiences int universal themes cvering life, lss, and lneliness. Because f this, readers have ften fund her petry t be “dark”. Hwever, there is much mre than darkness in her vice, as nted by Olssn. “It is straightfrward and a vice full f humr and biting wit,” he said.
Fr example, in her pem Snwdrps, she uses the cming f spring after winter t shw rebirth f life after death. She leads readers dwn a depressing path nly t recnnect with the light at the near end. At the cnclusin f the pem, readers are left t feel the “raw wind f the new wrld” as they watch a new spring. This is ften the case in Gluck’s petry, being able t feel jy even after nt having dne s fr a lng time.
When her wrk Faithful Virtuus Night received a Natinal Bk Award fr Petry in 2014, a judge fr the award went n t say, the cllectin cmes frm “a wrld where darkness blurs (使模糊) rdinarily sharp edges arund the ppsitins f ur lives－lss and renewal, male and female, the living and the dead”.
Althugh she’s already a well-knwn writer, experienced in explring pain and healing, Gluck did feel hnred t be given the Nbel award. Hwever, when asked what the prize means t her, the pet respnded by saying, “It’s t new... I dn’t knw really what it means.” Her nly hpe is that she can cntinue her daily life.
25. What can we knw abut Luise Gluck?
A. Her first bk was published in 1993.
B. The Wild Iris wn her the Nbel Prize in literature.
C. She draws frm her life experiences in her writing.
D. She is seen as a successful cnfessinal pet.
26. What des Olssn think f Gluck’s pems?
A. They fcus n individual existence.B. They are t dark fr readers.
C. They are mainly abut human psychlgy.D. They are frank and humrus in style.
27. Why des the authr mentin Snwdrps in paragraph 4?
A. T intrduce the main plts f this pem.
B. T describe Gluck’s creativity in chsing themes.
C. T shw the features f Gluck’s petry.
D. T explain Gluck’s purpse in writing Snwdrps.
28. Hw des Gluck feel abut winning the Nbel Prize in literature?
A. She is nt qualified fr the prize.B. It is nt meaningful fr her.
C. It may influence her daily life.D. The histry f the award isn’t lng.

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