?Part 2　Listening and Talking,Reading for Writing,
Assessing Your Progress


1.主題語境:人與自我——自我身心健康發(fā)展。
2.語篇類型:健康簿。
3.課文內(nèi)容分析:
本文是一篇描述主人公健身前后變化的文章,第一段描述過去的擔(dān)憂和飲食問題,第二段描述觀念和飲食上的改變,第三段描述自己現(xiàn)在的行動(dòng)與之前的做法作對(duì)比。學(xué)生通過學(xué)習(xí)本文可以學(xué)會(huì)正確描述健康方面的問題,并找到解決辦法,形成正確的健康觀。

Going Positive
Beginningwanted to look likethe1.　　　　girls on TV2.　　　　about my3.　　　　andtried every new4.　　　　I read about onlinetried no-fat,low-fat,5∶2,5.　　　　　　　　,no bananasThenread an6.　　　　about fat or fitstartedthinking about7.　　　　ratherthan weightadded8.　　　　foods to my mealsFinallystopped9.　　　　myself withactresses andmodelsby being10.　　　　about myself and my body,I became both11.　　　　and healthier
答案:1.slim　2.worried　3.weight　4.diet　5.only bananas　6.article　7.fitness　8.healthy 9.comparing　10.positive　11.happier


1.An athlete should think about honour and his/her fans if he/she is competing for his/her country.
(教材第41頁)
如果一個(gè)運(yùn)動(dòng)員在為他/她的國(guó)家比賽,他/她應(yīng)該考慮榮譽(yù)和他/她的粉絲。
◆compete vi.競(jìng)爭(zhēng);對(duì)抗
Museums must compete for people’s spare time and money with other amusements.(2020年新高考全國(guó)Ⅰ卷,語法填空)
博物館必須和其他娛樂活動(dòng)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)人們的業(yè)余時(shí)間和金錢。
Only by competing with/against each other can we make great progress in our study.
只有相互競(jìng)爭(zhēng),我們才能在學(xué)習(xí)上取得巨大進(jìn)步。



All the excited competitors are competing for the honour of winning the gold medal in the competition.所有激動(dòng)的參賽者都在為在比賽中贏得金牌的榮譽(yù)而競(jìng)爭(zhēng)。

單句語法填空
①The two players competed with each other 　　　　a gold medal.?
②The young　　　　(compete) won a gold medal in the match.?
③No one can entirely keep away from the　　　　(compete) world.?
④I’m writing to invite you　　　　(compete) in Chinese paper-cutting art exhibition.?
答案:①for?、赾ompetitor?、踓ompetitive ④to compete
2.That doesn’t make any sense!(教材第41頁)
那沒有任何意義!
◆make sense有道理;合乎情理;表述清楚
This sentence just doesn’t make sense,no matter how you read it.
無論你怎樣讀這個(gè)句子,它還是不通。
He doesn’t talk much,but what he says makes sense.
他話不多,但言之有理。
Can you make sense of the poem written by Du Fu?
你能讀懂杜甫寫的這首詩(shī)嗎?



詞語升級(jí)
①There were so many new words in the passage that I could hardly understand them at all.
→There were so many new words in the passage that I could hardly　　　　　　　　　　　　them at all.?
完成句子
②你能理解他在說什么嗎?
Can you 　　　　　　　　　　 what he is saying??
③我沒有很好的方向感,因此我容易迷路。
I haven’t a very good 　　　　　　　　,so I easily get lost.?
答案:①make sense of　②make sense of
③sense of direction
3.A soccer player should not pretend to fall down even if it helps his/her team.(教材第41頁)
一名足球運(yùn)動(dòng)員不應(yīng)該假裝摔倒,即使這對(duì)他/她的球隊(duì)有幫助。
◆pretend vi.&vt.假裝;裝扮
It’s impolite to pretend not to see the teacher.
裝作沒看見老師是不禮貌的。
We must not pretend to know what we don’t know.
我們不能不懂裝懂。



單句語法填空
①When his boss came in,he pretended　　　　　　　　　　　　(do) his work.?
翻譯句子
②他假裝沒注意到。
?
③當(dāng)問到這本書的內(nèi)容時(shí),他假裝已經(jīng)讀過它了。
?
答案:①to be doing?、贖e pretended not to notice.?、踂hen asked about the content of the book,he pretended to have read it.
4.I worried about my weight and tried every new diet I read about online.(教材第42頁)
我十分擔(dān)心我的體重,也嘗試了網(wǎng)上看到的每一種新的減肥飲食方案。
◆diet n.規(guī)定飲食;日常飲食vi.節(jié)食
Eat a balanced diet to stay healthy.
均衡飲食以保持健康。



單句語法填空
①She is　　　　 a diet,hoping to become slimmer.?
②No sugar in my coffee,please.I’m　　　　(diet).?
③During festivals and celebrations,doctors remind people to have　　　　balanced diet.?
完成句子
④脂肪和鹽是日常飲食中很重要的部分。
Fat and salt are very important parts 　　　　　　.?
答案:①on?、赿ieting?、踑?、躱f a diet
5.I had no idea a letter could make such a difference!(教材第42頁)
我沒有料到一詞之差,區(qū)別竟如此之大!
◆make a difference有作用或影響
...two qualities make the difference between men of great achievement and men of average performance—curiosity and discontent.(2020年天津卷,閱讀理解D)
……非凡人和一般人的區(qū)別在于好奇心和不滿足。



完成句子
①Luckily,my teacher often tells me that every small thing can　　　　　　　　　　(有重大影響).?
②Her words　　　　　　　　　　　　(沒作用)to him,for he is quite stubborn.?
③I hope my behaviours will　　　　　　　　　　　(起作用).?
答案:①make a big difference?、趍ake no difference　③make a difference

1.A soccer player should not pretend to fall down even if it helps his/her team.(教材第41頁)
一名足球運(yùn)動(dòng)員不應(yīng)該假裝摔倒,即使這對(duì)他/她的球隊(duì)有幫助。
◆even if/though即使;雖然,引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句。
We know each other very well,even if/though we don’t always agree with each other.
我們彼此非常了解,即使我們不總是意見一致。
He is willing to help us even if/though he is very busy.
雖然他很忙,但是他還是愿意幫我們。

完成句子
　　　　　　　　　　　　(即使這次我失敗了),I will try again.?
答案:Even if/though I fail this time
2.Once I started thinking about fitness rather than weight,things began to change.(教材第42頁)
一旦我開始考慮健康而不是體重,事情就有了變化。
◆once意為“一旦”,引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句。
Once he is determined to do something he is interested in,Mr Wang seldom changes his mind.
一旦王先生決定做一些他感興趣的事,他就很少改變主意。
Once you make a promise,you should keep it.
一旦你許下諾言,你就應(yīng)該遵守承諾。

完成句子
①　　　　　　　　　　　　(一旦你開了頭),you must continue.?
②　　　　　　　　　　　　 (一旦你有了自信),you are more likely to succeed.?
③　　　　　　　　　　　　(一旦出版),this book will be a best-seller.?
答案:①Once you begin?、贠nce you have confidence?、跲nce published

I agree with the idea that a soccer player should never pretend to fall down even if it helps his/her team.(教材第41頁)
我同意這樣的觀點(diǎn),即足球運(yùn)動(dòng)員不應(yīng)該假裝摔倒,即使這對(duì)他/她的球隊(duì)有幫助。
此句為主從復(fù)合句。that引導(dǎo)同位語從句,解釋idea的內(nèi)容;even if引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句。

1.Once I started thinking about fitness rather than weight,things began to change.(教材第42頁)
一旦我開始考慮健康而不是體重,事情就有了變化。
rather than而不是
Rather than getting caught up in how you could have done better,why not offer yourself a compassionate response?(2020年全國(guó)Ⅰ卷,七選五)
不要老是在想自己如何做得更好,為什么不給自己一個(gè)有同情心的回應(yīng)呢?
I think I’ll have a cold drink rather than coffee.
我想要冷飲,不要咖啡。
I’d like to go there by train rather than by air.
我寧愿坐火車而不是乘飛機(jī)去那兒。



完成句子
①When classical,　　　　　　　　pop,music was playing,diners spent more.?
單句語法填空
②I’m more　　　　 glad to receive your letter.?
一句多譯
多數(shù)男士喜歡在家過周末而不愿去購(gòu)物。
③Most men prefer to spend the weekends at home　　　　　　　　　　　　.?
④Most men　　　　　　　　　　　　 the weekends at home than go shopping.?
⑤Most men would spend the weekends at home 　　　　　　　　 go shopping.?
答案:①rather than　②than ?、踨ather than go shopping?、躻ould rather spend?、輗ather than
2.Finally,I stopped comparing myself with actresses and models and looking for things that were wrong with my face or body.(教材第42頁)
最后,我不再拿自己跟女演員和模特相比,不再尋找自己的臉蛋或身材還有哪里不美。
compare...with/to...與……比較
Stop comparing yourself with others.(2020年全國(guó)Ⅰ卷,七選五)
停止把自己和別人進(jìn)行比較。
Young people are often compared to the rising sun.年輕人常被比作冉冉升起的太陽。



單句語法填空
①When compared　　　　the size of the whole earth,the highest mountain does not seem high at all.?
②I’d like to compare　　　　(note)with my parents on how to make friends.?
翻譯句子
③與城市生活相比,農(nóng)村生活寧?kù)o平和。
?
答案:①with?、趎otes?、跧n comparison with city life,the country life is quiet and peaceful.
3.stress(教材第43頁)
n.壓力;緊張;重音　vt.強(qiáng)調(diào);重讀;使焦慮不安　vi.焦慮不安
A good way to reduce stress is to talk about feelings with your best friend.
減少壓力的好方法就是與你的好朋友聊聊感受。
But the sport’s strange form does place considerable stress on the ankles.(2020年全國(guó)Ⅰ卷,閱讀理解C)
但是這項(xiàng)運(yùn)動(dòng)的奇怪形式確實(shí)對(duì)腳踝造成很大的壓力。
He stressed that we should pay more attention to our safety in particular.
他強(qiáng)調(diào)我們尤其要多注意安全。



After a stressful week of examinations,all the students were very stressed and tired,so they often get angry under stress.經(jīng)過一周緊張的考試,所有的學(xué)生都非常緊張和疲憊,所以他們經(jīng)常由于壓力而生氣。

單句語法填空
①It is also a virtue to forgive,especially in such a competitive and　　　　(stress) society.?
②When　　　　stress,even a most gentle person can get angry easily.?
翻譯句子
③他強(qiáng)調(diào)了誠(chéng)實(shí)在社會(huì)中的重要性。
?
答案:①stressful　②under?、跦e stressed the importance of honesty in society.


Write a page in a wellness book

1.文體類型:描述健康方面的今昔對(duì)比,屬于記敘文范疇。
2.要點(diǎn)內(nèi)容:本單元的寫作主題是“健康”。從健康角度探討體育與人們的日常生活的關(guān)系。



首段常用句式:
I was worried about...
Recently I have been concerned about...
What bothers me is that...
中段常用句式:
I tried to do the following things.
I took part in...
The most important thing that I have done is...
尾段常用句式:
Thanks to my effort,I...
I am more than happy to see the improvements in...

　　假設(shè)你是李華。過去由于一些不健康的生活習(xí)慣,你的健康出現(xiàn)了問題。之后你改變了生活方式,現(xiàn)在又恢復(fù)了健康。請(qǐng)你根據(jù)此經(jīng)歷寫一篇英語短文。
內(nèi)容包括:
　　1.之前不健康的生活習(xí)慣:吃垃圾食品,很少鍛煉;
2.導(dǎo)致的問題:肥胖,易生病;
3.解決的辦法:保持均衡飲食,積極鍛煉,早睡早起;
4.給其他同學(xué)的建議:盡快改掉不健康的生活習(xí)慣,以保持身體健康。
注意:寫作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80個(gè)左右。









Ⅰ.對(duì)接單元詞匯
1.　　　　　　n.規(guī)定飲食;日常飲食vi.節(jié)食?
2.　　　　　　vt.決定;影響?
3.　　　　　　adj.均衡的?
4.　　　　　　停止做(或使用、食用)?
5.　　　　　　寧愿?
6.　　　　　　與……相比?
答案:1.diet　2.determine　3.balanced
4.cut out　5.would rather　6.compared to/with
Ⅱ.巧用單元句式、語法
1.以我的飲食為例,我之前喜歡吃垃圾食品。




2.我很少鍛煉,結(jié)果導(dǎo)致肥胖,易生病。




3.首先,我開始均衡飲食。




4.我養(yǎng)成了早睡早起的習(xí)慣。




5.我建議其他學(xué)生改掉不健康的生活習(xí)慣。





答案:1.Take my diet for example,I liked eating junk food before.
2.I did little physical exercise,and as a result,I became too fat and often fell ill.
3.Firstly,I began to have a balanced diet.
4.I developed the habit of going to bed and getting up early.
5.I suggest that other students get rid of unhealthy living habits as soon as possible.

1.第1句可以用名詞性從句進(jìn)行升級(jí)。




2.第2句用現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語進(jìn)行升級(jí)。




答案:1.Take my diet for example,what I liked best before is junk food.
2.I did little physical exercise,resulting in my becoming too fat and falling ill often.

I fell into some unhealthy living habits in the past.Take my diet for example,what I liked most before is junk food.Besides,I did little physical exercise,resulting in my becoming too fat and falling ill often.
Luckily,I became aware of the harm and I determined to get rid of these bad habits.Firstly,I began to have a balanced diet instead of eating junk food.Secondly,I took exercise every day.Last but not least,I developed the habit of going to bed and getting up early.Compared with the former version of myself,I have become healthier.
I suggest that other students get rid of unhealthy living habits as soon as possible,for health is more valuable than anything else.

假設(shè)你是李華,你的外教Mary已經(jīng)完成教學(xué)任務(wù)回國(guó)了。她在教你的時(shí)候,你身體不好。她很擔(dān)心你的身體,寫信問你的身體狀況,請(qǐng)根據(jù)以下內(nèi)容用英語給Mary寫一封回信。
要點(diǎn)如下:
1.所采取的措施和理由;
2.描述自己的身體變化。
注意:寫作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80個(gè)左右。
Dear Mary,





Yours,
Li Hua


　　One possible version:
Dear Mary,
How are you getting along with your life?I’m delighted to have received your letter.
When you were in China,you were concerned about my health.At that time I often stayed up late and had no time for exercise,so that I suffered from obesity and neck pain.I was worried about my fitness and decided to change that.
First,I do exercise actively,such as jogging,swimming and push-ups.Besides,I pay attention to my diet and keep a good state of mind.By being positive about my body,I become happier and healthier.
Thanks again for your concern!Have a nice day!
Yours,
Li Hua
課時(shí)作業(yè)(八)　UNIT 3　Part 2


Ⅰ.語境填詞
1.Jobs can be 　　　　(stress)sometimes,but you can become more powerful with pressure on you.?
2.The athlete missed the early bus,and was late for the 　　　　(compete).?
3.We should take a 　　　　(positively)attitude towards life.?
4.We believe that the young generation can make a 　　　　(different)to the world.?
5.　　　　(compare)to big companies,the smaller ones are faced with more challenges.?
6.Rather than cutting out the foods I enjoyed,I added healthy foods 　　　　my meals.?
7.He pretended 　　　　(read) the newspaper when his mother came in.?
8.According to the research,this restaurant offers 　　　　healthy diet.?
9.I feel highly 　　　　(honour) to be given such a good chance to share my experience with you.?
答案:1.stressful　2.competition　3.positive　4.difference　5.Compared　6.to　7.to be reading　8.a　9.honoured
Ⅱ.單句情境寫作
1.　　　　　　　　　　　　(即使) you exercise for only 30 minutes every day,it will be good for your health.?
2.It was the culture 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(而非語言) that made it hard for him to get used to the new environment abroad.?
3.The story that he told didn’t 　　　　　　　　　　(講得通) to me.?
4.Each of us can 　　　　　　　　　　(起作用) in protecting the wildlife.?
5.We should 　　　　　　　　　　(不再食用)junk food in order to keep fit.?
答案:1.Even if/though　2.rather than the language　3.make sense　4.make a difference　5.cut out eating

　　　　　　　 　　　　　　 　　　　　　
Ⅰ.閱讀理解
A
How often do you exercise?A new study found that most kids aged 12 to 15 weren’t getting enough physical activity.The results were based on about 800 kids.As part of the study,the kids tracked and reported on their own activity levels,and took physical exams.
US fitness guidelines suggest an hour or more of physical activity every day.According to the study,only 1 in 4 US kids get enough physical activity.
“It’s certainly worrying to see that our kids have such a limited amount of physical activity each day,” said Dr Stephen Pont.He is an expert on children’s health.
Few kids in the study met the guidelines on physical activity that raises the heart rate and makes people breathe harder.Overall,about 25% said they got an hour of that kind of exercise every day.Kids also reported on which activities they did most often outside of school gym class—basketball for boys and running for girls.
The study found that fat teenagers were less active than normal-weight girls and boys.Fat girls were slightly less active than normal-weight girls,but levels were similar among overweight and normal-weight boys.The study also said that the percent of fat children aged 2 to 19 was 17%,or about 12.5 million kids.
“There’s always room for improvement,” said Tala Fakhouri,who was the leader of the study.She also said the results provide useful information to help with fitness campaigns such as Let’s Move.To inspire kids to eat right and get in shape,she visits schools and holds exercise events.She also calls on schools to offer regular gym classes.
The study also found kids who get physical education at school may get better grades.
1.What is the result of the new study?
A.800 kids don’t get enough physical activity.
B.Most US kids don’t get enough exercise.
C.Kids should get physical activity every day.
D.It’s important to take physical exams.
2.Which of the following sports do girls like best?
A.Swimming. B.Basketball.
C.Running. D.Gym.
3.What’s the purpose of the campaign Let’s Move?
A.To help kids to keep fit.
B.To provide useful information.
C.To offer regular gym classes.
D.To hold exercise events.
4.According to the study children with enough exercise may 　　　.?
A.be less active than fat children
B.be more willing to help others
C.do better in their studies
D.try their best to get in shape
語篇導(dǎo)讀:本文是一篇說明文,介紹了研究發(fā)現(xiàn),大多數(shù)美國(guó)兒童缺乏足夠的體育鍛煉,還發(fā)現(xiàn)體育鍛煉和學(xué)習(xí)成績(jī)有關(guān)。閱讀本文,有利于提高學(xué)生加強(qiáng)體育鍛煉的意識(shí)。
答案及剖析:
1.B　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。本題考查學(xué)生識(shí)別和理解文本中具體信息的能力。根據(jù)第一段中的“A new study found that most kids aged 12 to 15 weren’t getting enough physical activity.”可知,一項(xiàng)新的研究發(fā)現(xiàn),大多數(shù)12歲到15歲的美國(guó)孩子缺乏足夠的體育鍛煉,故B項(xiàng)正確。
2.C　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。本題考查學(xué)生識(shí)別和理解文本中具體信息的能力。根據(jù)第四段中的“Kids also reported on which activities they did most often outside of school gym class—basketball for boys and running for girls.”可知,男生在體育課之外常做的運(yùn)動(dòng)是打籃球,女生則是跑步,故C項(xiàng)正確。
3.A　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。本題考查學(xué)生識(shí)別和理解文本中具體信息的能力。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的“She also said the results provide useful information to help with fitness campaigns such as Let’s Move.”可知,“動(dòng)起來”活動(dòng)的目的是幫助兒童保持健康,故A項(xiàng)正確。
4.C　推理判斷題。本題考查學(xué)生根據(jù)文本信息進(jìn)行推斷歸納的能力。根據(jù)最后一段的“The study also found kids who get physical education at school may get better grades.”可知,研究還發(fā)現(xiàn),在學(xué)校接受體育教育的兒童可能會(huì)取得更好的成績(jī),由此可知,進(jìn)行足夠鍛煉的兒童學(xué)習(xí)成績(jī)可能會(huì)更好,故C項(xiàng)正確。
B
There are many ways to travel within a city.We can walk,cycle,or take a bus.But no matter which way we travel,we have to stick to the route(線路) the city planners laid down for us.
Parkour practitioners (跑酷愛好者),however,see the city in a completely different way.To them,there are no fixed routes.There are no walls and no stairs—since they jump,climb,roll and crawl to move across,through,over and under anything that they find in their path.The city is their playground.
The International Gymnastics Federation (FIG) has noticed that this activity is drawing more and more people to it—there are 100,000 people taking part in parkour today in the UK alone,according to the Guardian—and how it is helpful for people to be much stronger: It trains coordination and balance.So the organisation is thinking about recognising parkour as a new sport and adding it to the Olympics by 2024.
But parkour practitioners themselves don’t seem to be happy with the idea.They see parkour as “a lifestyle”,wrote the website NextSportStar.“It’s a competition against the conditions rather than just a sport.”
Indeed,many do parkour just to “escape the daily routine and experience the city in different ways”,wrote reporter Oli Mould on The Conversation.They see parkour as a way to express themselves through relaxing moves and creative routes while freeing themselves from the pressure.
It’s great that the FIG wants to develop new sport and stay close to a new cultural form.But it would be greater if they knew that not everything in life is a competition.
5.How do the parkour practitioners do parkour?
A.They move on as they wish.
B.They plan the way themselves.
C.They run faster than others.
D.They stick to certain routes.
6.Why does the FIG want to add parkour to the Olympics?
A.It’s a special way of life.
B.It draws their attention.
C.It’s good for people to keep healthy.
D.It needs some rules and instructions.
7.What is the author’s idea on parkour?
A.It is more formal than other sports.
B.It helps people to be creative.
C.It’s worth adding to the sporting event.
D.It calls on people to work as a team.
8.What is the best title for the passage?
A.A New Sports Competition
B.Parkour Practitioners
C.Training in a Different Way
D.Making the City Their Own
語篇導(dǎo)讀:本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了跑酷這項(xiàng)體育運(yùn)動(dòng),跑酷愛好者將城市作為自己的游樂場(chǎng),按照自己的意愿在城市中移動(dòng)。國(guó)際體操聯(lián)合會(huì)考慮將跑酷加入奧運(yùn)會(huì),因?yàn)樗兄谌藗儽３纸】?。作者認(rèn)為跑酷幫助人們變得有創(chuàng)造力,還可以釋放壓力。閱讀本文,有利于增強(qiáng)學(xué)生對(duì)跑酷這項(xiàng)運(yùn)動(dòng)的了解。
答案及剖析:
5.A　推理判斷題。本題考查學(xué)生根據(jù)文本信息進(jìn)行推斷歸納的能力。根據(jù)第二段中的“To them,there are no fixed routes.There are no walls ... crawl to move across,through,over and under anything that they find in their path.”可知對(duì)他們來說,沒有固定的路線。沒有墻,也沒有樓梯——因?yàn)樗麄兺ㄟ^跳躍、攀爬、翻滾和爬行來穿越、穿過、翻越和從任何他們發(fā)現(xiàn)的東西下面移動(dòng)。由此可推知,跑酷愛好者會(huì)按照自己的意愿移動(dòng)。故選A。
6.C　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。本題考查學(xué)生識(shí)別和理解文本中具體信息的能力。根據(jù)第三段可知,國(guó)際體操聯(lián)合會(huì)已經(jīng)注意到這項(xiàng)運(yùn)動(dòng)正吸引著越來越多的人——據(jù)《衛(wèi)報(bào)》報(bào)道,目前僅在英國(guó)就有10萬人參加跑酷——以及跑酷如何有助于人們變得更強(qiáng)壯:它可以鍛煉協(xié)調(diào)性和平衡性。因此,該組織正在考慮接受跑酷為一項(xiàng)新運(yùn)動(dòng),并在2024年將其加入奧運(yùn)會(huì)。由此可知,國(guó)際體操聯(lián)合會(huì)考慮將跑酷加入奧運(yùn)會(huì),因?yàn)樗兄谌藗儽３纸】?。故選C。
7.B　推理判斷題。本題考查學(xué)生根據(jù)文本信息進(jìn)行推斷歸納的能力。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中“They see parkour as a way to ... while freeing themselves from the pressure.”可知他們把跑酷視為一種表達(dá)自己的方式,通過放松的動(dòng)作和創(chuàng)造性的路線,同時(shí)釋放自己的壓力。由此可推知,作者認(rèn)為跑酷幫助人們變得有創(chuàng)造力。故選B。
8.D　主旨大意題。本題考查學(xué)生理解文本主旨要義的能力。根據(jù)第二段可知,跑酷練習(xí)者對(duì)城市的看法卻完全不同。對(duì)他們來說,沒有固定的路線。沒有墻,也沒有樓梯——因?yàn)樗麄兺ㄟ^跳躍、攀爬、翻滾和爬行來穿越、穿過、翻越和從任何他們發(fā)現(xiàn)的東西下面移動(dòng)。城市就是他們的游樂場(chǎng)。文章主要介紹了跑酷這項(xiàng)體育運(yùn)動(dòng),跑酷愛好者將城市作為自己的游樂場(chǎng),按照自己的意愿在城市中移動(dòng)。由此可知,D選項(xiàng)(將城市歸為他們自己所有)是最合適的文章標(biāo)題。故選D。
Ⅱ.完形填空
No one is born a winner.People make themselves into winners by their own 　1　.?
I learned this lesson from an experience many years ago.I took the head 　2　 job at a school in Baxley,Georgia.It was a small school with a weak football program.?
It was a tradition for the school’s old team to play against the new team at the end of spring practice.The old team had no coach,and they didn’t even practise to 　3　 the game.Being the coach of the new team,I was excited because I knew we were going to win,but to my disappointment we were defeated.I couldn’t believe I had got into such a situation.Thinking hard about it,I came to 　4　 that my team might not be the number one team in Georgia,but they were depending on me.I had to change my 　5　 about their ability and potential.?
I started doing anything I could to help them build a little pride.Most importantly,I began to treat them like 　6　.That summer,when the other teams enjoyed their 　7　,we met every day and 　8　 passing and kicking the football.?
Six months after suffering our 　9　 on the spring practice field,we won our first game and our second,and continued to 　10　.Finally,we faced the number one team in the state.I felt that it would be a 　11　 for us even if we lost the game.But that wasn’t what happened.My boys beat the best team in Georgia,giving me one of the greatest 　12　 of my life!?
From the experience I learnt a lot about how the attitude of the leader can 　13　 the members of a team.Instead of seeing my boys as losers,I pushed and 　14　 them.I helped them to see themselves 　15　,and they built themselves into winners.?
Winners are made,but born.
1.A.luck B.tests
C.efforts D.nature
2.A.operating B.editing
C.consulting D.coaching
3.A.cheer for B.prepare for
C.help with D.finish with
4.A.realise B.claim
C.permit D.demand
5.A.decision B.attitude
C.conclusion D.intention
6.A.leaders B.partners
C.winners D.learners
7.A.rewards B.vacations
C.health D.honour
8.A.risked B.missed
C.considered D.practised
9.A.defeat B.decline
C.accident D.mistake
10.A.relax B.improve
C.expand D.defend
11.A.shame B.burden
C.victory D.favour
12.A.chances B.thrills
C.concerns D.offers
13.A.surprise B.serve
C.interest D.affect
14.A.encouraged B.observed
C.protected D.impressed
15.A.honestly B.individually
C.calmly D.differently
語篇導(dǎo)讀:本文是一篇記敘文。多年前作者擔(dān)任過一個(gè)學(xué)校足球隊(duì)的教練,在一次比賽中輸給了學(xué)校的老隊(duì)。作者開始反思,不停地訓(xùn)練和鼓勵(lì)隊(duì)員,最終不可思議地戰(zhàn)勝州里最強(qiáng)的對(duì)手。從這次經(jīng)歷中,作者感悟到:沒有人天生就是贏家,只有依靠自己的努力才能成為贏家。閱讀本文,有利于培養(yǎng)學(xué)生奮勇拼搏的精神。
[文章脈絡(luò)]

答案及剖析:
1.C　根據(jù)前一句“No one is born a winner.”以及常識(shí)可知,只有依靠自己的努力才能成為贏家。故選C。
2.D　根據(jù)后文“Being the coach of the new team,I was excited because I knew we were going to win,but to my disappointment we were defeated.”可知,作者在一所學(xué)校擔(dān)任主教練工作。故選D。
3.B　老隊(duì)沒有教練,他們甚至從不練習(xí)來準(zhǔn)備比賽。故選B。
4.A　作者開始意識(shí)到失敗的原因是作者的隊(duì)也許不是佐治亞州頭號(hào)隊(duì)伍。故選A。
5.B　因?yàn)槭?作者不得不改變對(duì)隊(duì)員們能力和潛力的態(tài)度。故選B。
6.C　根據(jù)后文“Instead of seeing my boys as losers,I pushed and 　14　 them.”以及文中最后一句提示可知,作者開始像對(duì)待獲勝者一樣對(duì)待他們。故選C。?
7.B　根據(jù)That summer可知,當(dāng)其他隊(duì)隊(duì)員享受著他們假期的時(shí)候,他們?cè)诿χ?xùn)練。故選B。
8.D　根據(jù)上文“The old team had no coach,and they didn’t even practise to 　3　 the game.”提示可推知,這里指練習(xí)傳球和踢球。故選D。?
9.A　根據(jù)上文“but to my disappointment we were defeated.”提示可知,在春季訓(xùn)練賽遭受失敗之后。故選A。
10.B　根據(jù)前句“we won our first game and our second,and continued to”可知,所填詞是褒義詞,因?yàn)槭亲闱蜿?duì),所以水平是“提高”。故選B。
11.C　根據(jù)后文“even if we lost the game”可知,前后文是讓步關(guān)系,所以前文與后文相反,所以此處表達(dá)“即使我們輸?shù)舯荣?我們感覺它會(huì)是一場(chǎng)勝利”。故選C。
12.B　根據(jù)前句“My boys beat the best team in Georgia”可推知,這是作者一生中最激動(dòng)人心的一次!故選B。
13.D　結(jié)合前文內(nèi)容可知,通過這次經(jīng)歷,作者學(xué)到了很多關(guān)于領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者的態(tài)度是如何影響(affect)團(tuán)隊(duì)成員的。故選D。
14.A　根據(jù)“I pushed”可知,作者在推動(dòng)和鼓勵(lì)他們。故選A。
15.D　“我”幫助他們以不同的方式看待自己。故選D。
核心素養(yǎng)提升(Unit 3)
(時(shí)間:120分鐘　滿分:150分)

高考主播音頻
第一部分　聽力(共兩節(jié),滿分30分)
第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分,滿分7.5分)
聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對(duì)話后,你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。
1.What is the cat’s main colour?(　C　)
A.Gray. B.White. C.Black.
2.How does the woman feel?(　B　)
A.Tired. B.Upset. C.Relaxed.
3.What does the woman mean?(　A　)
A.She is too busy to get the opener.
B.She can’t find the opener.
C.She needs the man to help her.
4.What can we learn from the conversation?(　B　)
A.Mary has to rearrange to meet Sam.
B.Sam went to the wrong place at first.
C.Mary told Sam the wrong meeting place.
5.What is the possible relationship between the speakers?(　C　)
A.Family members. B.Classmates.
C.Co-workers.
第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分,滿分22.5分)
聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前,你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題,每小題5秒鐘;聽完后,各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。
聽第6段材料,回答第6、7題。
6.Where has the man been sleeping?(　A　)
A.In the living room. B.In the bedroom.
C.In the study.
7.How does the woman feel about the man?(　B　)
A.Upset. B.Envious. C.Angry.
聽第7段材料,回答第8、9題。
8.What is the man forbidden to do in the game?(　A　)
A.Talk out loud. B.Make gestures.
C.Open his eyes.
9.What is the man’s attitude in the end?(　B　)
A.Confident. B.Uncertain.
C.Satisfied.
聽第8段材料,回答第10至12題。
10.What are the speakers mainly talking about?(　C　)
A.A country. B.A city.
C.A trip.
11.Why does the woman want to go to Mexico City?(　A　)
A.She has relatives there.
B.She likes Mexican pottery.
C.She wants to enjoy Mexican food.
12.What can we learn from the conversation?(　A　)
A.The speakers are on the phone.
B.The woman can’t speak Spanish.
C.It is cold in Mexico City in March.
聽第9段材料,回答第13至16題。
13.How many beds are there in the room?(　B　)
A.Five. B.Six. C.Seven.
14.What does the cupboard look like?(　C　)
A.Tall. B.Big. C.Small.
15.When can people visit Mr Smith?(　B　)
A.At 8:00 a.m. B.At 10:00 a.m.
C.At 1:00 p.m.
16.Where does this conversation take place?(　A　)
A.In a hospital. B.In a school.
C.In a hotel.
聽第10段材料,回答第17至20題。
17.Who is the woman talking to?(　A　)
A.Her audiences.
B.Her parents.
C.Her children.
18.Why was the woman’s mother mad at her?(　B　)
A.She didn’t become a doctor.
B.She painted everywhere in the house.
C.She was crazy about taking photos.
19.What is the woman’s mother?(　C　)
A.A painter. B.A doctor.
C.A teacher.
20.What do we learn about the woman?(　C　)
A.She gave up her dream because of her mother.
B.She feels extremely regretful.
C.She is still good at designing clothes.
聽力原文
第一節(jié)
(Text 1)
W:Have you seen my cat?He’s black with white feet.
M:He was sitting on that gray fence an hour ago.I think he was trying to catch a bird.
(Text 2)
W:What a day!Everything seems to be going wrong.
M:Just take it easy,Mary.You’re killing yourself with such hard work.
(Text 3)
M:Kate,can you do me a favour now?I want an opener.I can’t find one anywhere.
W:I’m afraid I can’t,Peter.I’m dressing the baby.
(Text 4)
M:Mary,did you say you had arranged to meet Sam at the back entrance?
W:Yes,but he waited for me at the main entrance.And about 3:10 he realised that and ran to the back entrance.
(Text 5)
W:Where have you been?It is a long time since I saw you last month at the
company’s dinner party.Have you been away on business?
M:No,I’ve been away on holiday.My uncle and aunt live in London.I visited them.
第二節(jié)
(Text 6)
W:Oh,hi.What’s new?
M:Oh,nothing much.What about you?What have you been doing?
W:Well,we’ve been practising for the school play at the end of the year.
M:That sounds fun.I haven’t been doing much.I can’t use my computer because my mum’s been painting my room,so I’ve been using the living room as my bedroom.
W:Lucky you!
M:What do you mean?I don’t like sleeping on the sofa!
W:But you’ll have a nice room when it’s finished.I’ve been asking my mum to paint my room for ages,but she just says,“Yes,dear,”and never does anything.
M:Maybe my mum will come and do it for you.
(Text 7)
W:Hey,Mark.Do you want to play a game with my friends and me?
M:Sure,games are easy.I always win.
W:Oh,really?Well,then.You can go first.
M:Where’s the ball?
W:It’s not that type of game.
M:Oh,is this one of those table games with all the rules?
W:No,this is really easy.First,close your eyes and take a piece of paper from this bowl.OK,now read what it says.Your goal is to get the other players to guess it,but you can’t say anything.
M:Oh,I get it.So I have to use my hands to make them guess it.
W:Correct.So do you still think you can win?
M:Well,I...because you can’t...I don’t know if I...
W:Just try!One,two,three,go!
(Text 8)
W:I’m glad you want to come.
M:Oh,yeah.Mexico!I can’t wait.
W:Me neither.So,are you free the first week of March?
M:Yeah,that sounds good—the weather there is a lot warmer than it is here in March.
W:Right.And we have to choose...Oh,can you hold on a second?I have another call...Sorry.Where was I?
M:We have to choose...
W:Yeah,we can either go to the beach or to Mexico City.I really want to go to Mexico City.My cousins live there.
M:OK.Just think we can eat Mexican food every day!
W:Yeah.And I want to buy some Mexican pottery.It’s a lot less expensive there.
M:Yeah,I bet.Um,there’s just one problem.I don’t speak Spanish.
W:That’s OK.I can speak for both of us!And don’t worry—my cousins all speak English.
(Text 9)
W:Mr Smith,this is your bed.You can see that there are five other beds in the room.Have you got everything you need?
M:Yes,I think so.I followed the hospital’s advice and I’ve only brought a few belongings with me.
W:Good.You can see the reason why we asked you to do that.The cupboard is really small.
M:Can you tell me what the visiting hours are?
W:Yes,of course.They’re in the morning from 9:00 to 11:00 and in the afternoon from 2:00 to 5:00.
M:How many visitors can I have at the same time?
W:Only two at a time.
M:OK.What other rules are there?
W:Well,you can see the“No Smoking”sign.We don’t allow smoking in the
patients’ room and the same goes for alcohol.However,if you do need to smoke,there are special lounges.
M:Oh,I don’t smoke.
W:Good.If you need help,you can press the button on your bed.We have nurses on duty 24 hours a day.
(Text 10)
W:When I was young I dreamed of being a famous designer.I was so crazy about designing clothes that I painted many pictures everywhere.My mother was often mad at me when she saw my paintings everywhere on the walls in our house.She always hoped that I could be a teacher.I guess she wanted me to follow her footsteps.My father,
however,expected me to become a photographer.He even bought me a camera and all kinds of professional books and encouraged me to attend youth photo contests.However,as you can see,my friends,I finally became a TV host.Life is unpredictable.Sometimes you may not achieve the dreams you once had in your childhood.But it doesn’t matter.And it doesn’t mean you’ll have to give up your dreams.You can always leave your dream in your heart and keep it as a lifetime hobby.As for me,I am still good at designing and choosing beautiful clothes.It’s a great way to relax in my spare time.I also love photography and travelling.All my friends like the photos I take for them.
第二部分　閱讀(共兩節(jié),滿分50分)
第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分,滿分37.5分)
閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。
A
Like all big cities,Paris has a traffic problem:lots of cars,lots of traffic jams (阻塞) and lots of pollution from exhaust fumes (廢氣).So the city began a scheme (計(jì)劃) to improve the situation.
Under the Velib scheme (“Velib” means “bicycle freedom”) people can take a bicycle,use it for as long as they want,and then leave it at the same or another bicycle station.The first half-hour on the bike is free,but if you don’t return it after 30 minutes,you have to pay.But it’s only 1 a day or 29 a year! The bicycles are heavy (25 kg),and they are all grey and have baskets.There are about 20,000 of them in the city,and around 1,450 bicycle stations.So there are a lot more Velib stations than the 298 subway stations!
Paris is not the first city to have a scheme like this.But not everybody thinks it’s a great idea.One Parisian said,“These bicycles are only for short journeys.If people want to travel across the city,they won’t use a bicycle—they’ll still use their cars.”
A city spokesman said,“The bicycle scheme won’t solve all our traffic problems,of course.But it might help reduce air pollution.Traffic,together with factory fumes,is a big problem.There aren’t any simple answers to traffic problems and pollution in cities.But unless we do something now,there will be more traffic jams and temperatures will continue to rise,so the problems in our environment will get worse.The bikes might help people to lead a healthier life,too.”
21.What can we learn about the Velib scheme?
A.Its bikes have no baskets.
B.Its bikes are light and colourful.
C.It aims to make travelling easier.
D.It owns more stations than the subway.
22.If you use a Velib for 1 hour,you should pay 　　　.?
A.1 B.30
C.29 D.no money
23.Why do some people disagree with the Velib scheme?
A.The cost is rather high.
B.It’s hard to find a Velib station.
C.It’s not suitable for a long journey.
D.The distance between two Velib stations is long.
語篇導(dǎo)讀:本文屬于說明文,主要介紹了一種新的自行車騎行方案,鼓勵(lì)人們?yōu)榱谁h(huán)境和自己的身體健康,多騎自行車。閱讀本文,有利于培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的環(huán)保和健康意識(shí)。
答案及剖析:
21.D　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。本題考查學(xué)生識(shí)別和理解文本中具體信息的能力。根據(jù)文章第二段的“So there are a lot more Velib stations than the 298 subway stations!”可知自行車站要比地鐵站多得多。故選D。
22.A　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。本題考查學(xué)生識(shí)別和理解文本中具體信息的能力。根據(jù)文章第二段的“But it’s only 1 a day or 29 a year!”可知騎自行車一個(gè)小時(shí),需要付費(fèi)1,根據(jù)前文,半小時(shí)內(nèi)是免費(fèi)的,超過半小時(shí)需要付費(fèi)。故選A。
23.C　推理判斷題。本題考查學(xué)生根據(jù)文本信息進(jìn)行推斷歸納的能力。根據(jù)文章第三段的“These bicycles are only for short journeys.”這些自行車僅僅適合短途旅行,可推斷自行車不適合長(zhǎng)途旅行。故選C。
B
You can’t imagine how terrible I felt at that time.A month before my first marathon,one of my ankles was injured and that meant not running for two weeks,leaving me only two weeks to train.Yet,I was determined to go ahead.
I remember back to my 7th year in school.In my first P.E.class,the teacher required us to run laps and then hit a softball.I didn’t do either well.He later informed me that I was not athletic.
The idea that I was “not athletic” stuck with me for years.When I started running in my 30s,I realised running was a battle against myself not about competition or whether or not I was athletic.It was all about the battle against my own body and mind.A test of wills!
The night before my marathon,I dreamt that I couldn’t even find the finish line.I woke up sweating and nervous,but ready to prove something to myself.
Shortly after crossing the start line,my shoe laces (鞋帶) became untied.So I stopped to readjust.Not the start I wanted!
At mile 3,I passed a sign:GO FOR IT,RUNNERS!
By mile 17,I became out of breath and the once injured ankle hurt badly.Despite the pain,I stayed the course walking a bit and then running again.
By mile 21,I was starving!
As I approached mile 23,I could see my wife waving a sign.She is my biggest fan.She never minded the alarm clock sounding at 4 a.m.or questioned my expenses on running.
I was one of the final runners to finish.But I finished! And I got a medal.In fact,I got the same medal as the one that the guy who came in first place had.
Determined to be myself,move forward,free of shame and worldly labels (世俗標(biāo)簽),I can now call myself a “marathon winner”.
24.A month before the marathon,the author 　　　.?
A.lost hope
B.felt scared
C.was well trained
D.made up his mind to run
25.Why did the author mention the P.E.class in his 7th year?
A.To acknowledge the support of his teacher.
B.To amuse the readers with a funny story.
C.To show he was not talented in sports.
D.To share a precious memory.
26.How was the author’s first marathon?
A.He made it.
B.He quit halfway
C.He got the first prize.
D.He walked to the end.
27.What does the story mainly tell us?
A.One is never too old to learn.
B.A man owes his success to his family support.
C.A winner is one with a great effort of will.
D.Failure is the mother of success.
語篇導(dǎo)讀:這是一篇夾敘夾議的文章。文章作者通過自己參加馬拉松的親身經(jīng)歷,說明成功屬于那些有堅(jiān)強(qiáng)意志的人。閱讀本文,有利于培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的堅(jiān)強(qiáng)意志和頑強(qiáng)拼搏的精神。
答案及剖析:
24.D　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。本題考查學(xué)生識(shí)別和理解文本中具體信息的能力。根據(jù)第一段中的“A month before my first marathon,... two weeks to train.Yet,I was determined to go ahead.”可知馬拉松前一個(gè)月,作者下定決心繼續(xù)參加,故選D。
25.C　推理判斷題。本題考查學(xué)生根據(jù)文本信息進(jìn)行推斷歸納的能力。根據(jù)第二段中的“He later informed me that I was not athletic.”和第三段中的“The idea that I was ‘not athletic’ stuck with me for years.”可知作者提到七年級(jí)的體育老師是為了表明他在運(yùn)動(dòng)上沒有天賦,故選C。
26.A　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。本題考查學(xué)生識(shí)別和理解文本中具體信息的能力。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段的“I was one of the final runners to ... the guy who came in first place had.”可知作者的第一次馬拉松賽,他做到了,故選A。
27.C　主旨大意題。本題考查學(xué)生理解文本主旨要義的能力。文章作者通過自己參加馬拉松的親身經(jīng)歷,說明成功屬于那些有堅(jiān)強(qiáng)意志的人,故選C。
C
Recently according to a new research,humans have had a link to starches (含淀粉的食物) for up to 120,000 years—that’s more than 100,000 years longer than we’ve been able to plant them in the soil during the time of the Ice Age’s drawing to an end.The research is part of an ongoing study into the history of Middle Stone Age communities.
An international team of scientists identified evidence of prehistoric starch consumption in the Klasies River Cave,in present-day South Africa.Analysing small,ashy,undisturbed hearths (壁爐) inside the cave,the researchers found “pieces of burned starches” ranging from around 120,000 to 65,000 years old.It made them the oldest known examples of starches eaten by humans.
The findings do not come as a complete surprise—but rather as welcome confirmation of older theories that lacked the related evidence.The lead author Cynthia Larbey said that there had previously only been genetic biological evidence to suggest that humans had been eating starch for this long.This new evidence,however,takes us directly to the dinner table,and supports the previous assumption that humans’ digestion genes gradually evolved in order to fit into an increased digestion of starch.
Co-author Sarah Wurz said,“The starch remains show that these early humans living in the Klasies River Cave could battle against their tough environment and find suitable foods and perhaps medicines.And as much as we all still desire the tubers (塊莖),these cave communities were gilling starches such as potatoes on their foot-long hearths.They knew how to balance their diets as well as they could,with fats from local fish and other animals.”
As early as the 1990s,some researchers started to study the hearths in the Klasies River Cave.Scientist Hilary Deacon first suggested that these hearths contained burned plants.At the time,the proper methods of examining the remains were not yet available.We now know human beings have always been searching for their desired things.
28.When did humans begin to farm starches?
A.After the Ice Age.
B.After the Middle Stone Age.
C.About 20,000 years ago.
D.About 100,000 years ago.
29.What was the previous assumption of starches?
A.Starch diet promoted food culture.
B.Starch diet shaped humans’ evolution.
C.Starches had a variety of functions.
D.Starches offered humans rich nutrition.
30.What can we learn about the early humans described by Sarah Wurz?
A.They were smart and tough.
B.They preferred plants to meat.
C.They were generally very healthy.
D.They got along with each other.
31.What’s the best title for the text?
A.Great Civilisation of South Africa
B.The Evolution of Foods in History
C.Starches—the Important Food of Today
D.Big Findings—the Starches in Ancient Times
語篇導(dǎo)讀:本文是一篇說明文。研究發(fā)現(xiàn)人類和含淀粉類食物的關(guān)系可追溯到120 000多年前。比我們種植淀粉類植物的歷史還要早100 000 多年。閱讀本文,有利于增強(qiáng)學(xué)生對(duì)食物和人類關(guān)系的認(rèn)識(shí)。
答案及剖析:
28.C　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。本題考查學(xué)生識(shí)別和理解文本中具體信息的能力。根據(jù)文章第一段中的“Recently according to ... starches for up to 120,000 years—that’s more than 100,000 years longer than ... plant them in the soil”可知,人類種植含淀粉食物晚了100,000多年。故時(shí)間大約是在20,000 年前左右。故選C項(xiàng)。
29.B　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。本題考查學(xué)生識(shí)別和理解文本中具體信息的能力。根據(jù)第三段中的“This new evidence,however,takes us ... fit into an increased digestion of starch.”可知,原先對(duì)淀粉的一項(xiàng)假設(shè)是,人類的消化基因?yàn)榱诉m應(yīng)不斷增加的淀粉消化而逐漸進(jìn)化。故選B項(xiàng)。
30.A　推理判斷題。本題考查學(xué)生根據(jù)文本信息進(jìn)行推斷歸納的能力。根據(jù)第四段中的“The starch remains show that these early humans living in the Klasies River Cave... with fats from local fish and other animals.”可知,早期人類可以與惡劣的環(huán)境做斗爭(zhēng),他們找到了適合他們的食物,并且知道了如何盡可能地平衡自己的飲食,食用當(dāng)?shù)佤~類和其他動(dòng)物的脂肪。由此可知,他們很聰明也很辛苦。故選A項(xiàng)。
31.D　主旨大意題。本題考查學(xué)生理解文本主旨要義的能力。文章第一段說,研究發(fā)現(xiàn)人類和含淀粉類的食物關(guān)系可追溯到120,000多年前。比我們種植淀粉類植物的歷史還要早100,000 多年。后文還提到了,含淀粉類食物促進(jìn)了人類的演化。綜合分析可知,本篇講述的是一個(gè)關(guān)于古代淀粉的發(fā)現(xiàn)。故選D項(xiàng)。
D
By now,most people know they should be eating more vegetables.But are there ways to get more from the vegetables you already eat?A research shows that when it comes to vegetables,it’s not only how much we eat,but also how we prepare them,that decides the vitamins and other nutrients that enter our body.
Many studies show that people who eat lots of vegetables have less heart disease,and eye problems and even cancer.But raw vegetables are not always best.The researchers found that 198 Germans who eat raw food were short of lycopene (番茄紅素),the matter found in tomatoes and other red vegetables.“There is an idea that raw foods are always going to be better,” says Steven K.Clinton,a professor at Ohio State University.“For fruits and vegetables,sometimes a little bit of cooking can be helpful.”
A number of factors decide how the vegetables do good to people’s health before they reach the table,including where and how they were grown and stored before being bought.No single cooking way is best.Some nutrients are easily lost in cooking if they are cooked in different ways.
Vitamins C and B are often lost.In January,another report said that boiling was better for carrots than frying or serving them raw.Frying was the worst way to cook.
What cooked with the vegetables can also be important?When the vegetables were cooked with fat,the diners can get more nutrients.Fat can also make the taste of vegetables better,meaning that people will eat more of them.Putting on some other things that make it taste better—a little salt—can make the food taste better.
32.The writer mainly wants to tell us that 　　　.?
A.people should eat more vegetables
B.the way people eat vegetables is important
C.eating vegetables is good for us
D.how much vegetables one should eat
33.The people who eat the raw vegetables for a long time will 　　　.?
A.have the eyes problems
B.have heart disease
C.be in need of lycopene
D.hate eating tomatoes
34.The following decide how the vegetables do good to people EXCEPT 　　　.?
A.the place where the vegetables are grown
B.the way how the vegetables are stored
C.the way how the vegetables are prepared
D.the price at which the vegetables are sold
35.From the last paragraph,we can know 　　　.?
A.it’s better to cook vegetables with the fat
B.the more fat in the cooking,the fewer vegetables people will eat
C.it’s better to cook the vegetables without salt
D.the fat will increase the nutrition of the vegetables
語篇導(dǎo)讀:本文是一篇說明文。一項(xiàng)研究表明,說到蔬菜,不僅要看我們吃多少,還要看我們?nèi)绾螠?zhǔn)備蔬菜,這決定了進(jìn)入我們體內(nèi)的維生素和其他營(yíng)養(yǎng)物質(zhì)。文章主要說明了決定蔬菜食用效果的一些影響因素,同時(shí)推薦了食用蔬菜的方法。閱讀本文,有利于培養(yǎng)學(xué)生健康的飲食意識(shí)。
答案及剖析:
32.B　推理判斷題。本題考查學(xué)生根據(jù)文本信息進(jìn)行推斷歸納的能力。根據(jù)第一段可知,現(xiàn)在大多數(shù)人都知道應(yīng)該多吃蔬菜。但是,有沒有辦法從你已經(jīng)吃的蔬菜中獲得更多的營(yíng)養(yǎng)呢?一項(xiàng)研究表明,說到蔬菜,不僅要看我們吃多少,還要看我們?nèi)绾螠?zhǔn)備蔬菜,這決定了進(jìn)入我們體內(nèi)的維生素和其他營(yíng)養(yǎng)物質(zhì)。文章還說明了決定蔬菜食用效果的一些影響因素,并推薦了食用蔬菜的方法。由此可推知,作者主要想告訴我們,人們食用蔬菜的方式很重要。故選B。
33.C　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。本題考查學(xué)生識(shí)別和理解文本中具體信息的能力。根據(jù)第二段中的“The researchers found that 198 Germans who eat raw food were short of lycopene (番茄紅素),the matter found in tomatoes and other red vegetables.”可知研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn),198名吃生食的德國(guó)人缺乏番茄紅素,這種物質(zhì)存在于番茄和其他紅色蔬菜中。由此可知,長(zhǎng)期吃生蔬菜的人需要番茄紅素。故選C。
34.D　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。本題考查學(xué)生識(shí)別和理解文本中具體信息的能力。根據(jù)第一段中“A research shows that when it comes to vegetables...vitamins and other nutrients that enter our body.”可知C選項(xiàng)“蔬菜的制作方法” 將決定蔬菜是否對(duì)人有益;以及第三段中“A number of factors decide how the vegetables do good to ... how they were grown and stored before being bought.”可知A選項(xiàng)“蔬菜生長(zhǎng)的地方”和B選項(xiàng)“蔬菜儲(chǔ)存的方式”兩項(xiàng)都能影響蔬菜的食用效果;文章沒有提到蔬菜的價(jià)格問題,由此可知D選項(xiàng)“蔬菜的售價(jià)”不屬于影響因素。故選D。
35.A　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。本題考查學(xué)生識(shí)別和理解文本中具體信息的能力。根據(jù)最后一段中的“When the vegetables were cooked with fat,the diners can get more nutrients.”可知當(dāng)蔬菜和肉一起烹飪時(shí),就餐者可以獲得更多的營(yíng)養(yǎng)。由此可知,蔬菜最好和肉類一起煮。故選A。
第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分,滿分12.5分)
閱讀下面的短文,從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。

If you’re enjoying a cup of tea while reading this,you’re supporting just about every organ in your body.Unsweetened tea can prevent some diseases and help repair cells in the body.The popularity of Chinese tea cannot be separated from its medicinal value.
Your heart will thank you.Tea’s properties can keep your blood vessels (血管) relaxed and clear,putting less stress on your heart,and thus slow down block formation in vital blood vessels.36.　　　.?
Your risk of the brain disease could decrease.37.　　　.It’s important to know the early warning signs and do what you can to prevent it.Green tea can help you develop resistance against stress and potentially Alzheimer’s disease.The special substance in it protects cells from damage.?
38.　　　.If you spend your nights turning,try relaxing yourself with a cup of east-Asian medicinal tea before bed,which can improve sleeplessness.39.　　　,it can help improve sleep and quality of life in those with mild sleeplessness according to a study in Integrative Medicine Research.?
Your attention may improve.The caffeine in tea can improve your attention and awareness.The unique acid to tea may also improve attention by relaxing the brain,but stimulating it when it is time to focus.40.　　　,try making a warm cup of tea just before it’s time to work or consider these reasons you may not be able to focus.?
A.Your sleep could improve
B.Your body becomes more energetic
C.When you have the habit of getting up early
D.Once you have formed the habit of drinking that kind of tea
E.You ever find yourself having difficulty with concentration
F.So drinking a proper amount of black tea can be beneficial to your heart
G.The thought of you being diagnosed with the brain disease is very scary
語篇導(dǎo)讀:本文是一篇說明文,主要講述了喝茶對(duì)人的影響:改善心臟功能,降低患老年癡呆癥的風(fēng)險(xiǎn),改善睡眠和延長(zhǎng)注意力持續(xù)時(shí)間。閱讀本文,有利于培養(yǎng)學(xué)生健康生活的意識(shí)。
答案及剖析:
36.F　本題考查學(xué)生理解段內(nèi)句間銜接關(guān)系的能力。根據(jù)上文提示“茶的特性可以讓你的血管放松和暢通,減少你的心臟的壓力,從而減緩重要血管阻塞的形成?！背薪由衔?F項(xiàng) So drinking a proper amount of black tea can be beneficial to your heart切題。故
選F。
37.G　本題考查學(xué)生理解段內(nèi)句間銜接關(guān)系的能力。根據(jù)上文提示“你患腦部疾病的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)會(huì)降低。”再根據(jù)下文提示“重要的是要了解早期預(yù)警信號(hào),并盡你所能預(yù)防它”承接上下文,G項(xiàng)The thought of you being diagnosed with the brain disease is very scary切題。故選G。
38.A　本題考查學(xué)生理解段落主題句與段落銜接關(guān)系的能力。根據(jù)下文提示:“如果你晚上睡不著,試著在睡前喝一杯東亞藥茶來放松自己,這可以改善失眠?！背薪酉挛?A項(xiàng)Your sleep could improve切題。故選A。
39.D　本題考查學(xué)生理解段內(nèi)句間銜接關(guān)系的能力。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)“ 　　　,it can help improve sleep and quality of life in those with mild sleeplessness according to a study in Integrative Medicine Research.”可知,該空應(yīng)該是狀語從句或非謂語動(dòng)詞的句子。再根據(jù)后半句:“一項(xiàng)綜合醫(yī)學(xué)研究表明,它可以幫助改善那些輕度失眠的人的睡眠和生活質(zhì)量?！背薪酉掳刖?D項(xiàng)Once you have formed the habit of drinking that kind of tea切題。故選D。?
40.E　本題考查學(xué)生理解段內(nèi)句間銜接關(guān)系的能力。根據(jù)上文提示“茶中獨(dú)特的酸也可以通過放松大腦來提高注意力,但當(dāng)需要集中注意力時(shí),就會(huì)刺激大腦?！痹俑鶕?jù)下文提示“試著在工作前泡一杯熱茶,或者考慮一下你可能無法集中注意力的原因?！背薪由舷挛?E項(xiàng)You ever find yourself having difficulty with concentration切題。E項(xiàng)中的中心詞“concentration”和下文主句中的關(guān)鍵詞“focus”的意思相近。故選E。
第三部分　語言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié),滿分30分)
第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分,滿分15分)
閱讀下面的短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。
This was what all of the training and pain was about—winning.I watched TV to see the 　41　 runner who had been under my coaching for the last few years.I would have been 　42　 had it not been for the traffic problem.Watching the young runner enter the 　43　 of thousands of people,I could not help thinking of the pains that he had 　44　 in his training.?
The young runner was hardly considered to be promising when he first came to me.There were 　45　 training sessions (訓(xùn)練課) full of pain for him.I had seen tiredness written on his face.I had been 　46　 about his anger and pain.It was clear that only hard work could 　47　 him success.I had 　48　to myself when I found that he had too much passion (熱情) to give up.And he would keep up the training until he reached achievement.I had never forgot to 　49　 him that regardless of the 　50　 he had to keep on practice.?
The thunderous shouts and cheers 　51　 me back to the 　52　.The young runner was gaining speed!He was running to the finish line.He was strong enough to 　53　other runners.His courage,heart and discipline (紀(jì)律) together with his years of practice won him the honour.Tears 　54　 down my cheeks when I found on the screen the young runner was looking around.I understood at once that he was looking for me.For years,he had become so used to my 　55　,success or failure.?
41.A.slim B.young
C.successful D.smart
42.A.on the spot B.on the air
C.in the meanwhile D.in no way
43.A.alarms B.whistles
C.whispers D.cheers
44.A.gone through B.put lip with
C.got rid of D.brought up
45.A.countless B.effortless
C.worthless D.breathless
46.A.unbelievable B.optimistic
C.bored D.unconcerned
47.A.send B.earn
C.leave D.keep
48.A.sighed B.said
C.smiled D.thought
49.A.persuade B.remind
C.command D.scold
50.A.rewards B.chances
C.adventures D.challenges
51.A.drew B.kept
C.held D.gave
52.A.screen B.classroom
C.field D.scene
53.A.compete B.affect
C.beat D.shock
54.A.pulled B.rolled
C.pushed D.turned
55.A.concern B.defeat
C.importance D.presence
語篇導(dǎo)讀:本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述作者看到自己指導(dǎo)的年輕運(yùn)動(dòng)員獲勝時(shí),回想了他剛進(jìn)行訓(xùn)練時(shí)的疲憊不堪,到對(duì)訓(xùn)練充滿熱情不愿放棄的事情。最后該運(yùn)動(dòng)員在賽場(chǎng)上四處張望尋找作者的行為讓作者感動(dòng)落淚。閱讀本文,有利于學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)故事中主人公頑強(qiáng)拼搏的精神。
[文章脈絡(luò)]

答案及剖析:
41.B　根據(jù)下文的“the young runner enter the 　43　 of thousands of people”可知此處用“年輕的”符合邏輯,young是原詞復(fù)現(xiàn),故選B項(xiàng)。?
42.A　根據(jù)上文的“I watched TV to see the 　41　 runner”可知作者沒有去比賽現(xiàn)場(chǎng),故選A項(xiàng)。?
43 D　根據(jù)上文的“This was what all of the training and pain was about—winning.”可知該運(yùn)動(dòng)員贏得了勝利,故此處用“歡呼”符合語境,且下文的“The thunderous shouts and cheers”也有暗示,cheers是原詞復(fù)現(xiàn),故選D項(xiàng)。
44.A　根據(jù)語境可知,此處用“經(jīng)歷痛苦”符合語境,故選A項(xiàng)。
45.A　根據(jù)下文的“I had seen tiredness written on his face.”可知該運(yùn)動(dòng)員很疲憊,由此可知對(duì)他來說痛苦的訓(xùn)練課不計(jì)其數(shù),故選A項(xiàng)。
46.D　根據(jù)下文的“It was clear that only hard work could 　47　 him success.”可知作者認(rèn)為只有通過痛苦的訓(xùn)練才會(huì)成功,所以他對(duì)運(yùn)動(dòng)員的痛苦和憤怒視而不見,故選
D項(xiàng)。?
47.B　根據(jù)句意可知,此處用“贏得”符合語境,故選B項(xiàng)。
48.C　此處是指作者因?yàn)樵撨\(yùn)動(dòng)員的堅(jiān)持而開心,故選C項(xiàng)。
49.B　根據(jù)語境可知,此處是指作者作為教練總是不忘提醒自己的運(yùn)動(dòng)員要堅(jiān)持訓(xùn)練,故選B項(xiàng)。
50.D　根據(jù)語境可知,此處是指無論有什么困難/挑戰(zhàn)都要堅(jiān)持訓(xùn)練,這樣才能成功,故選
D項(xiàng)。
51.A　如雷鳴般的歡呼聲把我拉回了電視屏幕。此處是指電視里的歡呼聲把作者拉回,故選A項(xiàng)。
52.A　根據(jù)上文的“I watched TV to see the 　41　 runner”可知作者在看電視,故此處用“屏幕”符合語境,且下文的“Tears 　54　 down my cheeks when I found on the screen the young runner was looking around.”也有暗示,screen是原詞復(fù)現(xiàn),故選A項(xiàng)。?
53.C　根據(jù)上文內(nèi)容可知,該運(yùn)動(dòng)員正在參加比賽,且贏得了比賽,故此處用“打敗”符合語境,故選C項(xiàng)。
54.B　結(jié)合上下文可知,此處是指該年輕運(yùn)動(dòng)員在獲勝時(shí)還不忘尋找自己的教練,這讓作者感動(dòng)得淚流滿面,故選B項(xiàng)。
55.D　根據(jù)上文的“I would have been 　42　 had it not been for the traffic problem.”可知作者這次因?yàn)榻煌▎栴}沒有去現(xiàn)場(chǎng),由此推測(cè)之前他都出現(xiàn)在該運(yùn)動(dòng)員比賽的現(xiàn)場(chǎng),故選D項(xiàng)。?
第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分,滿分15分)
閱讀下面的短文,在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。
The diet and the way of life are often a problem for teenagers.56.　　　　,the good news is that you can feel better,look better and have more energy if you eat the right food and exercise regularly.?
A healthy diet along with regular exercise 57.　　　　(be) probably the only way to become fit.Diets are 58.　　　　(use) in the long term,yet approximately 20% of teenagers say they have tried going on a diet and have been fooled into
59.　　　　(skip) meals to control their weight.?
As a teenager,it is important to give your body the energy it needs.Exercise is something 60.　　　　 can help to make you look good,feel good and keep healthy.Many teenagers are surprised to learn that when you exercise,your body produces some chemicals that make you feel 61.　　　　(peace) and relaxed and increase your ability 62.　　　　(concentrate) when you study.?
A good amount of sleep every night is also important to your health.When you sleep,your body prepares you 63.　　　　 the day to come.As a matter of fact,the 64.　　　　(lose) of sleep can make you look tired.?
If you follow the suggestions above,you 65.　　　　 (look) and feel much better in no time at all!?
語篇導(dǎo)讀:本文是一篇說明文。健康的飲食、適當(dāng)?shù)腻憻挕⒊渥愕乃吣茏屇愠錆M活力。閱讀本文,有利于幫學(xué)生找到學(xué)生健康的生活方式。
答案及剖析:
56.However　本題考查副詞。根據(jù)空前的a problem和空后的the good news可知,前后兩句是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。
57.is　本題考查主謂一致。句子的主語是A healthy diet along with regular exercise,謂語動(dòng)詞應(yīng)該與along with前面的A healthy diet保持人稱和數(shù)的一致。
58.useless　本題考查形容詞。be動(dòng)詞后接形容詞作表語,根據(jù)語境及后文的“...have been fooled into...”可知,此處表示“無用的”。
59.skipping　本題考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。短語fool sb into doing表示“哄騙某人做……”,此處為被動(dòng)形式sb be fooled into doing,表示“某人被哄騙做……”,into是介詞,后接動(dòng)名詞作賓語。
60.that　本題考查定語從句。先行詞是不定代詞something,關(guān)系詞在從句中作主語,宜用關(guān)系代詞that引導(dǎo)定語從句。
61.peaceful　本題考查形容詞?？蘸蟮腶nd是并列連詞,連接兩個(gè)并列的成分,根據(jù)后面的形容詞relaxed可知,此處應(yīng)該用peace的形容詞形式。
62.to concentrate　本題考查不定式作定語。the ability to do表示“做……的能力”,ability后接不定式作定語。
63.for　本題考查介詞。短語prepare sb for 表示“讓某人為……做準(zhǔn)備”。
64.loss　本題考查名詞。the 　64　 of sleep在句中作主語,應(yīng)用lose的名詞形式。?
65.will look　本題考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。在含有if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句的主從復(fù)合句中,從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),主句用一般將來時(shí)。
第四部分　寫作(共兩節(jié),滿分40分)
第一節(jié)(滿分15分)
假設(shè)你是李華,你的朋友 Tom 邀請(qǐng)你下周去他們學(xué)校參加活動(dòng),向外國(guó)朋友介紹中國(guó)文化及傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日,但你忙于準(zhǔn)備考試,不得不謝絕邀請(qǐng)。請(qǐng)你根據(jù)下面的要點(diǎn)用英語寫一封信。
要點(diǎn)提示:
1.謝絕邀請(qǐng),解釋原因;
2.推薦朋友 Mary 參加,并說明推薦理由。
注意:寫作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為 80 個(gè)左右。









　　One possible version:
Dear Tom,
Thank you very much for your invitation.
I’d like to accept it and take this opportunity to introduce Chinese culture as well as traditional Chinese festivals to foreign friends,but I’m sorry to inform you that I fail to do so,for I am engaged in preparing myself for the approaching examination.
I strongly recommend my friend Mary,the most suitable choice to take my place next week.Her active personality and perfect spoken English will undoubtedly guarantee your activity a success.
Sorry again for any inconvenience caused by my absence.
Yours,
Li Hua
第二節(jié)(滿分25分)
閱讀下面的材料,根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段,使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。
Last Saturday,David was taking a walk in the park near his home when he noticed a woman with a boy of about eight years old.When David passed them,he heard the woman yelling,“How stupid you are!You’re good at nothing.” David stopped and looked at the little boy.The boy said nothing.He just stood there,looking upset.
David was reminded of his English teacher Mrs Brown in middle school.After he entered middle school,David lacked self-confidence because he was often made fun of by others.He was often told that he was good at nothing,which David believed.But one day it all changed.
One day,in an English writing class,Mrs Brown asked them to read a novel.They were asked to write a new chapter of the novel after they finished reading it.A few days later,David handed in his story.He didn’t give it much thought.But the next day to his surprise,the comment “well done” from Mrs Brown came into view the moment he turned to the page where the story was written.
When David read that,he almost burst into tears.He never expected to be praised one day.He suddenly gained some self-confidence.
That day after he returned home,he wrote another short story and gave it to Mrs Brown the next morning.And again he was praised.
David became very interested in writing.He often wrote short stories and asked Mrs Brown to read them and correct them for him.Mrs Brown always corrected them for him.Mrs Brown always corrected the mistakes he had made and gave him good advice to improve them.One year later,David joined the school newspaper and became an editor of it.He was no longer that boy who lacked self-confidence.He gained his confidence and was hopeful about his future.
He succeeded in entering college and kept writing.Several years after graduating from college,he had his first book published.With some more books coming out,he became famous as a writer in his country.And he owed his success to Mrs Brown’s encouragement.Without her encouragement,his life might be very different now.
注意:續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150個(gè)左右。
Paragraph 1:
Inspired by his own life story,David decided to do something for that boy.?










Paragraph 2:
The mother was ashamed when she heard that.?











[寫作指導(dǎo)]
1.閱讀文章,掌握主旨方向

2.明確寫作思路,確定續(xù)寫內(nèi)容

3.匯集故事線索,列出寫作要點(diǎn)

4.優(yōu)化語言,完善續(xù)寫邏輯
One possible version:
Inspired by his own life story,David decided to do something for that boy.He went to the woman,who immediately recognised him because she had read his books and seen his pictures.David started to chat with her.He told her that what she said to her boy was not appropriate.Then he told her about the encouragement he once got from Mrs Brown.In the end,he said,“I couldn’t have become a writer if I had believed I was good at nothing.”
The mother was ashamed when she heard that.She realised that she shouldn’t have called her son a stupid boy,which would make him lose confidence in himself.So she said“Thank you for your advice.I’ll never say such things to him again.Instead,
I’ll find out what he’s good at and encourage him.”The woman then left with the boy.Looking at the back of the boy,David felt relieved,hoping his action could make some difference to the boy.


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Unit 3 Sports and fitness

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