?2022年深圳市普通高中高二年級(jí)調(diào)研考試
英語(yǔ)
試卷共10頁(yè)，卷面滿分130分?？荚囉脮r(shí)120分鐘。
注意事項(xiàng)：
1. 答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、考生號(hào)填寫在答題卡上。將條形碼橫貼在答題卡右上角“條形碼粘貼處”。
2. 作答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用2B鉛筆在答題卡上將對(duì)應(yīng)題目選項(xiàng)的答案信息點(diǎn)涂黑：如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其它答案。答案不能答在試卷上。
3. 非選擇題必須用黑色字跡的鋼筆或簽字筆作答，答案必須寫在答題卡各題目指定區(qū)域內(nèi)相應(yīng)位置上；不準(zhǔn)使用鉛筆和涂改液。不按以上要求作答無(wú)效。
4. 考生必須保持答題卡的整潔?？荚嚱Y(jié)束后，留存試卷，交回答題卡。
第一部分 基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)（共20小題，每小題1分，滿分20分）
單項(xiàng)選擇 從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。
1. The reason why she was fired was _________ the boss was not satisfied with her job.
A. that B. what C. which D. whether
【答案】A
【解析】
【詳解】考查表語(yǔ)從句。句意：她被解雇的原因是老板對(duì)她的工作不滿意。引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句，從句中不缺少成分，句意完整，故用that。故選A。
2. When _________ to the local cultures, people learn the foreign languages better.
A. exposing B. having exposed C. are exposed D. exposed
【答案】D
【解析】
【詳解】考查狀語(yǔ)從句的省略。句意：當(dāng)接觸到當(dāng)?shù)匚幕瘯r(shí)，人們會(huì)更好地學(xué)習(xí)外語(yǔ)。此處是狀語(yǔ)從句的省略，從句主語(yǔ)和主句主語(yǔ)people一致，和動(dòng)詞expose之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故完整形式為When people are exposed to the local cultures，當(dāng)狀語(yǔ)從句主語(yǔ)和主句主語(yǔ)一致且從句含有be動(dòng)詞時(shí)，可將從句主語(yǔ)和be動(dòng)詞省略。故選D項(xiàng)。
3. No visitor would think _________ surprising that the island is a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
A. that B. it C. this D. what
【答案】B
【解析】
【詳解】考查it用法。句意：沒有游客會(huì)對(duì)該島被聯(lián)合國(guó)教科文組織列為世界遺產(chǎn)感到驚訝。此處為動(dòng)詞+ it +adj.+ that-從句，該句式中，it作形式賓語(yǔ)，that從句是真正的賓語(yǔ)。故選B。
4. —Have you seen Steven this morning?
—Yes! Steven, together with his wife, _________ the guests of the party now.
A. greets B. greet C. is greeting D. are greeting
【答案】C
【解析】
【詳解】考查主謂一致和時(shí)態(tài)。句意：——你今天早上見到史蒂文了嗎？——是的！現(xiàn)在Steven和他的妻子正在一起歡迎宴會(huì)上的客人。together with連接兩個(gè)主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與前面的主語(yǔ)保持一致，所以空處謂語(yǔ)應(yīng)與主語(yǔ)Steven保持一致；句中時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)“now(現(xiàn)在)”和句意可知，句子時(shí)態(tài)為現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)，需使用be doing的形式，主語(yǔ)為單數(shù)。故選C。
5. —Why didn’t you get the tickets?
—When we got to the cinema, all the tickets _________ out.
A. sold B. had been sold C. have sold D. was sold
【答案】B
【解析】
【詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意：——你為什么不買票？——當(dāng)我們到達(dá)電影院時(shí)，所有的票都賣完了。主句主語(yǔ)all the tickets和主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞sell是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，sell發(fā)生在從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)got to之前，過(guò)去的過(guò)去，sell用過(guò)去完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。故選B項(xiàng)。
6. You should always try to achieve more, _________ well you have done before.
A. however B. whatever C. whenever D. wherever
【答案】A
【解析】
【詳解】考查讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。句意：無(wú)論你以前做得多好，你都應(yīng)該努力實(shí)現(xiàn)更多。A. however無(wú)論如何；B. whatever無(wú)論什么；C. whenever無(wú)論何時(shí)；D. wherever無(wú)論哪里。此處表示“無(wú)論你以前做得多好”，應(yīng)用however引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句，修飾副詞well。故選A項(xiàng)。
7. As my father puts it, “It’s not your talent but your efforts _________ count.”
A. which B. what C. that D. why
【答案】C
【解析】
【詳解】考查強(qiáng)調(diào)句。句意：正如我父親所說(shuō)：“重要的不是你的才華，而是你的努力?！狈治鼍渥咏Y(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處為強(qiáng)調(diào)句It is/ was + 被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分+ that+ 其它部分，被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分為not your talent but your efforts。故選C。
8. —Where was Tom just now?
—It is said that he _________ for a crime he didn’t commit.
A. investigated B. is investigating C. had investigated D. was being investigated
【答案】D
【解析】
【詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意：——Tom剛剛在哪？——據(jù)說(shuō)他在因一項(xiàng)他沒有犯下的罪行而接受調(diào)查。根據(jù)問(wèn)句中“just now”可知，此處指過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間正在發(fā)生的事情，用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)，且主語(yǔ)he和動(dòng)詞investigate之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，應(yīng)用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。故選D項(xiàng)。
9. With a strong _________ for English study, we threw ourselves into reading English novels.
A. desire B. argument C. reputation D. responsibility
【答案】A
【解析】
【詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：帶著對(duì)英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)的強(qiáng)烈愿望，我們?nèi)硇耐度氲介喿x英語(yǔ)小說(shuō)中。A. desire愿望；B. argument爭(zhēng)論；C. reputation名聲；D. responsibility責(zé)任。結(jié)合“we threw ourselves into reading English novels”可知，我們對(duì)英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)有強(qiáng)烈的愿望。故選A項(xiàng)。
10. Emily Dickinson is generally _________ as one of the finest women poets in history.
A restricted B. acknowledged C. designed D. employed
【答案】B
【解析】
【詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：Emily Dickinson是公認(rèn)的歷史上最優(yōu)秀的女詩(shī)人之一。A. restricted限制；B. acknowledged承認(rèn)；C. designed設(shè)計(jì)；D. employed雇用。結(jié)合句意可知，此處指“被公認(rèn)為是歷史上最優(yōu)秀的女詩(shī)人之一”，be acknowledged as被公認(rèn)為，固定搭配。故選B項(xiàng)。
11. You can avoid distraction by keeping your mind fully _________ with things that interest you.
A. compared B. bothered C. occupied D. satisfied
【答案】C
【解析】
【詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：你可以通過(guò)讓你的大腦完全被你感興趣的事情占據(jù)來(lái)避免分心。A. compared比較；B. bothered麻煩，使煩惱；C. occupied占據(jù)，使忙于；D. satisfied滿足。結(jié)合“You can avoid distraction”可知，此處指通過(guò)使大腦被感興趣的事情占據(jù)而避免分心，occupied符合題意。故選C項(xiàng)。
12. Fear _________ him to go back, but his love for his mum drove him on.
A. promised B. enabled C. forbade D. urged
【答案】D
【解析】
【詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：恐懼驅(qū)使他回去，但他對(duì)媽媽的愛驅(qū)使他繼續(xù)下去。A. promised承諾；B. enabled使能夠；C. forbade禁止；D. urged驅(qū)使。根據(jù)后文“him to go back”可知，此處指恐懼驅(qū)使他回去，應(yīng)用urge。故選D。
13. —I am nervous about the English exam this afternoon.
—Take it easy. You’ve done so much work. You’re _________ to pass the exam.
A. willing B. afraid C. unlikely D. bound
【答案】D
【解析】
【詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：——今天下午的英語(yǔ)考試讓我很緊張。——不要著急。你做了這么多功課。 你一定會(huì)通過(guò)考試的。A. willing樂意的；B. afraid害怕的；C. unlikely不可能的；D. bound一定的。根據(jù)上文“You’ve done so much work.”指一定會(huì)通過(guò)考試，應(yīng)用be bound to(必然；一定會(huì))。故選D。
14. The labour education of our country aims to _________ students’ all-round development.
A. approve B. promote C. decline D. prohibit
【答案】B
【解析】
【詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我國(guó)的勞動(dòng)教育旨在促進(jìn)學(xué)生的全面發(fā)展。A. approve贊成；B. promote促進(jìn)；C. decline減少；D. prohibit禁止。根據(jù)后文“students’ all-round development”指促進(jìn)全面發(fā)展，應(yīng)用promote。故選B。
15 Better hotel rooms will give _________ to even more awesome views and larger space.
A. attention B. comfort C. access D. assistance
【答案】C
【解析】
【詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：更好的酒店客房將提供更棒的視野和更大的空間。A. attention注意力；B. comfort安慰；C. access(使用或見到的)機(jī)會(huì)、進(jìn)入；D. assistance幫助。此處表示“更好的酒店客房將提供房客擁有更棒的視野和更大的空間的機(jī)會(huì)”，應(yīng)用固定搭配give access to (準(zhǔn)許進(jìn)入、使得以進(jìn)入)。故選C項(xiàng)。
16. The percentage of students majoring in arts has increased _________ from 8% to 37% in the past two years.
A. gradually B. slightly C. dramatically D. particularly
【答案】C
【解析】
【詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：在過(guò)去的兩年中，主修文科的學(xué)生比例從8%急劇上升到37%。A. gradually逐漸地；B. slightly稍微；C. dramatically顯著地；D. particularly特別。根據(jù)后文“from 8% to 37%”可知指顯著上升，應(yīng)用dramatically。故選C。
17. “Stop! Stop!” she called, but _________, for the music was too loud for her to be heard.
A. at ease B. in vain C. under control D. without doubt
【答案】B
【解析】
【詳解】考查介詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：“停！停！”她喊道，但沒有用，因?yàn)橐魳诽懥耍牪灰娝脑?。A. at ease安逸地；B. in vain徒勞地；C. under control處于控制之下；D. without doubt無(wú)疑地。根據(jù)后文“for the music was too loud for her to be heard”可知喊話沒有用。故選B。
18. The hopes of a country and the future of a nation _________ the hands of its youth.
A. lie in B. search for C. take on D. happen to
【答案】A
【解析】
【詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：一個(gè)國(guó)家的希望，一個(gè)民族的未來(lái)，掌握在青年的手中。A. lie in在于；B. search for尋找；C. take on承擔(dān)；D. happen to發(fā)生于，碰巧。根據(jù)后文“the hands of its youth”指國(guó)家的希望，民族的未來(lái)，掌握在青年的手中，應(yīng)用lie in。故選A。
19. She always buys fancy clothes _________ expense. That’s why she uses up her money quickly.
A. regardless of B. less than C. owing to D. but for
【答案】A
【解析】
【詳解】考查介詞與其他詞類的搭配。句意：她總是不惜花費(fèi)買高檔衣服。這就是為什么她很快就把錢花光了。A. regardless of不顧，不管；B. less than小于，少于；C. owing to由于，因?yàn)?；D. but for要不是，如果沒有。根據(jù)句意和句子結(jié)構(gòu)，設(shè)空處應(yīng)用介詞短語(yǔ)regardless of，后接名詞，作其賓語(yǔ)。短語(yǔ)regardless of expense，意為“無(wú)論費(fèi)用多高，不惜費(fèi)用”。故填A(yù)項(xiàng)。
20. With better education, people will be able to build a better society _________ nature.
A. in contrast with B. on top of C. on behalf of D. in harmony with
【答案】D
【解析】
【詳解】考查介詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：有了更好的教育，人們將能夠建立一個(gè)與自然和諧相處的更好的社會(huì)。A. in contrast with與……對(duì)比；B. on the top of在……頂端；C. on behalf of代表；D. in harmony with與……和諧。根據(jù)空前的With better education可知，人類可以構(gòu)建一個(gè)與自然和諧相處的社會(huì)。D選項(xiàng)符合句意。故選D。
第二部分 閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）
第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2. 5分，滿分37. 5分）
閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。
A
Summer Schools
As the UK’s Top-Ranked Summer Schools, we will deliver an outstanding summer experience in a multi-national, fun, and secure setting.
Oxford College Summer School
Oxford College Summer School enables students to live and study in an Oxford University College during the summer. The summer program is designed to give students a chance to study at university, meet other students from around the world and explore the famous city of Oxford.
Ages: 15-17
Dates: 15 July — 30 August
Cambridge College Summer School
Join us to live and study in the noted university city of Cambridge. Explore the city that shaped some of the world’s famous minds, including Sir Isaac Newton and Sylvia Plath. Follow in their footsteps as you experience your chosen subject through a series of lectures and workshops.
Ages: 15-17
Dates: 20 July — 28 August
Earlscliffe Summer School
Earlscliffe Summer School Earlscliffe is ideally located for both access to London and to a variety of local attractions. The campus is formed of seven Victorian and Edwardian buildings, all recently renovated to provide high-quality teaching and residential facilities.
Ages: 13-17
Dates: 20 June — 31 July
Rochester Independent Summer School
Rochester Independent College, one of the UK’s most well-established independent colleges, is proud to offer a range of distinctive summer courses. We are offering 4 different courses in very small classes where international visitors will study and socialize alongside local students.
Ages: 13-17
Dates: 25 June — 28 July
21. Which of the following starts earliest?
A. Oxford College Summer School. B. Cambridge College Summer School.
C. Earlscliffe Summer School. D. Rochester Independent Summer School.
22. What can students do in the first two Summer Schools?
A. Socialize with local students. B. Explore a noted university city.
C. Attend lectures and workshops. D. Interview the world’s great minds.
23. Where can the text be found?
A. In a history book. B. In an art magazine.
C In a research article. D. In an education brochure.
【答案】21. C 22. B 23. D
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了四所暑期學(xué)校的情況。
【21題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)各個(gè)學(xué)校介紹中“Dates: 15 July — 30 August(日期：7月15日到8月30日)”;“Dates: 20 July — 28 August(日期：7月20日到8月28日);“Dates: 20 June — 31 July(日期：6月20日到7月31日)”以及“Dates: 25 June — 28 July(日期：6月25日到7月28日)”可知，Earlscliffe暑期學(xué)校最早開始。故選C。
【22題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Oxford College Summer School部分中“The summer program is designed to give students a chance to study at university, meet other students from around the world and explore the famous city of Oxford.(該暑期項(xiàng)目旨在讓學(xué)生有機(jī)會(huì)在大學(xué)里學(xué)習(xí)，與來(lái)自世界各地的其他學(xué)生見面，并探索著名的牛津城)”以及Cambridge College Summer School部分中“Join us to live and study in the noted university city of Cambridge.(加入我們，在著名的大學(xué)城劍橋生活和學(xué)習(xí))”可知，前兩所暑期學(xué)校的學(xué)生可以探索著名的大學(xué)城。故選B。
【23題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“As the UK’s Top-Ranked Summer Schools, we will deliver an outstanding summer experience in a multi-national, fun, and secure setting.(作為英國(guó)排名第一的暑期學(xué)校，我們將在一個(gè)跨國(guó)的，有趣的，安全的環(huán)境中提供優(yōu)秀的暑期體驗(yàn))”且結(jié)合全文可知，文章主要介紹了四所暑期學(xué)校的情況?？赏浦?，文章可以在教育小冊(cè)子上找到。故選D。
B
When we moved into our home in Maui, Hawaii, 16 years ago, one good thing about this house was the huge avocado tree growing in the backyard.
This tree gave the most delicious avocados I have ever tasted. I lived on these avocados when nursing my first child. Fresh avocado was the very first food for my kids. This tree was so huge that it cast a massive shadow over our backyard. It was truly our magical tree.
Until one day, someone from the Health Department came to tell us that our avocado tree was too large and needed trimming. In New York, you get in trouble if you don’t clear the snow off your sidewalk. Here, it’s when your trees are too high. So along came the trimmer, leaving just the trunk and a few branches. I was sad. The kids were all sad. Some friends who knew it would say, “It’s going to grow back. Your next avocados will be crazy!” Yeah, whatever. The tree is gone, so stop doing that. It just didn’t work.
But a few days later, I noticed some unusual butterflies flying around the yard. And then, the sun came in the kitchen, creating this pleasant warmth once blocked by the huge tree. After about a month, I started to notice some tiny green shoots coming out of the cut branches, which eventually turned into full-on bright green leaves.
I started to feel like all was going to be fine, kind of like life. Little do we know what seems really difficult is actually life’s way of making us stronger. It’s life’s way of bringing in the butterflies, the sunshine, and the delightful flowers. We all know that saying, “It will be OK in the end. If it’s not, it’s not the end.”
24. What is mainly conveyed in paragraph 2 about the avocado tree?
A. Her kids’ love for it. B. Its fruit’s good taste.
C. Her expectation of it. D. Its benefits for her family.
25. Why did the author’s friends say the words in paragraph 3?
A. To laugh at her. B. To cheer her up.
C. To show their regret. D. To express their excitement.
26. What happened to the avocado tree in the end?
A. It had no branches. B. It blocked the sunshine.
C. It was full of life again. D. It bore more avocados.
27. What message does the author seem to convey in the text?
A. You harvest what you sow. B. Luck and Misfortune comes in turn.
C. Success won’t come unless you go to it. D. The important thing in life is to have a dream.
【答案】24. D 25. B 26. C 27. B
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇夾敘夾議文。文章主要講述了作者夏威夷的家中后院里長(zhǎng)著一顆巨大的牛油果樹，這棵樹給作者一家?guī)?lái)了快樂。直到某天衛(wèi)生部門的人要求作者修剪了這棵樹，作者非常傷心，但是大約一個(gè)月后，那棵牛油果樹又充滿了生機(jī)。作者因此感悟到看似困難的事情其實(shí)是生活讓我們更堅(jiān)強(qiáng)的方式。
【24題詳解】
主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段“This tree gave the most delicious avocados I have ever tasted. I lived on these avocados when nursing my first child. Fresh avocado was the very first food for my kids. This tree was so huge that it cast a massive shadow over our backyard. It was truly our magical tree.(這棵樹結(jié)出了我吃過(guò)的最美味的牛油果。我喂養(yǎng)第一個(gè)孩子的時(shí)候就靠這些牛油果生活。新鮮的牛油果是我孩子們的第一個(gè)食物。這棵樹太大了，在我們的后院投下了巨大的影子。這真的是我們的魔法樹)”可知，第二段主要表達(dá)了牛油果樹給作者家庭帶來(lái)的好處。故選D。
【25題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中“I was sad. The kids were all sad. Some friends who knew it would say, “It’s going to grow back. Your next avocados will be crazy!”(我很傷心。孩子們都很傷心。一些知道它的朋友會(huì)說(shuō)：“它會(huì)重新長(zhǎng)出來(lái)的。你的下一個(gè)牛油果會(huì)長(zhǎng)得很好的！”)”可知，作者的朋友說(shuō)這些話是為了讓作者高興。故選B。
【26題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中“After about a month, I started to notice some tiny green shoots coming out of the cut branches, which eventually turned into full-on bright green leaves.(大約一個(gè)月后，我開始注意到一些綠色的小芽從剪下來(lái)的樹枝上冒出來(lái)，最后變成了明亮的綠葉)”可知，那棵牛油果樹最后又充滿了生機(jī)。故選C。
【27題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“I started to feel like all was going to be fine, kind of like life. Little do we know what seems really difficult is actually life’s way of making us stronger. It’s life’s way of bringing in the butterflies, the sunshine, and the delightful flowers. We all know that saying, “It will be OK in the end. If it’s not, it’s not the end.”(我開始覺得一切都會(huì)好起來(lái)的，有點(diǎn)像生活。我們不知道，看似困難的事情其實(shí)是生活讓我們更堅(jiān)強(qiáng)的方式。這是生活帶來(lái)蝴蝶、陽(yáng)光和令人愉快的花朵的方式。我們都知道這句話：“一切都會(huì)好起來(lái)的。如果不是，那就不是結(jié)局?！?”可知，作者通過(guò)自家牛油果樹被砍，后來(lái)又長(zhǎng)出來(lái)，充滿生機(jī)的故事，告訴我們，世事無(wú)常，有時(shí)候看似不幸的事其實(shí)是幸運(yùn)的事，所以B項(xiàng)“禍兮福之所倚 福兮禍之所伏”符合。故選B。
C
Sara Braden doesn’t have time to lose things. She’s a working mom with a lot more hobbies than her friends, and when she misplaces her keys or leaves her purse at a restaurant, she becomes annoyed and impatient. “It impacts me greatly,” says Braden, 35, a Washington officer.
According to a recent study led by Daniel Arely, a professor of psychology at Harvard University, Braden has ADHD, a type of attention disorder, which, she says, makes her “l(fā)ikely to put things in certain places and not remember where I put them.”
Her anxiety is familiar to anyone whose phone is missing a dozen times a day. Such kind of mistakes might result in a constant fear: Is something wrong with me? Probably not. “It’s common and certainly annoying,” says Professor Arely. “Most of the time, losing things is a breakdown of attention and memory. We’re thinking about something else. We have other concerns occupying our attention, and then we never really add the information to memory about where we’ve put the object.”
The study shows that, sometimes, people with ADHD report that losing things affects their work productivity or relationships. For example, if they can’t find their keys all the time and are late for a dinner party, they could anger their friends. In that case, it’s worth being evaluated by a doctor. Nevertheless, not all cases deserve special attention. Actually, people who have had ADHD since they were teens have nothing much to worry about. For those with ADHD, what really matters is changes from past performance.
When we’re operating on autopilot and not truly focused on our surroundings, we may still lose things even with the strongest intention not to do so, Professor Arely says. But for the most part, he thinks people can overcome the tendency to lose things. Sara Braden has learned to adapt, in part by writing down where she has stored items. She also coaches herself not to panic when an item gets lost.
28. How does the author introduce the topic?
A. By offering an example. B. By quoting a remark.
C. By making a comparison. D. By giving an explanation.
29. What is the possible reason for people’s losing things?
A. Their constant fear. B. Their common weakness.
C. Their absent-mindedness. D. Their emotional breakdown.
30. What should people with ADHD pay special attention to?
A. Improved efficiency at work. B. Occasional delay in meeting friends.
C. Losing things repeatedly since teens. D. Behavioural changes from the past.
31. What is Professor Arely’s attitude to overcoming forgetfulness?
A. Positive. B. Sceptical. C. Tolerant. D. Conservative.
【答案】28. A 29. C 30. D 31. A
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要說(shuō)明了研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)多動(dòng)癥與丟東西有關(guān)，指出人們丟失東西的可能原因是心不在焉。研究表明，有時(shí)多動(dòng)癥患者報(bào)告說(shuō)，失去東西會(huì)影響他們的工作效率或人際關(guān)系。
【28題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Sara Braden doesn’t have time to lose things. She’s a working mom with a lot more hobbies than her friends, and when she misplaces her keys or leaves her purse at a restaurant, she becomes annoyed and impatient. “It impacts me greatly,” says Braden, 35, a Washington officer.(Sara Braden可沒時(shí)間丟東西。她是一個(gè)職業(yè)媽媽，比她的朋友們有更多的愛好，當(dāng)她把鑰匙放錯(cuò)地方或把錢包落在餐館時(shí)，她會(huì)變得惱火和不耐煩?！斑@對(duì)我影響很大，”35歲的華盛頓官員Braden說(shuō))”可推知，作者通過(guò)舉例子來(lái)引入主題。故選A。
【29題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Most of the time, losing things is a breakdown of attention and memory. We’re thinking about something else. We have other concerns occupying our attention, and then we never really add the information to memory about where we’ve put the object.(很多時(shí)候，丟失東西是注意力和記憶力的崩潰。我們?cè)谙雱e的事情。我們的注意力被其他的事情占據(jù)了，我們從來(lái)沒有把關(guān)于我們把物體放在哪里的信息添加到記憶中)”可知，人們丟失東西的可能原因是心不在焉。故選C。
【30題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中“For those with ADHD, what really matters is changes from past performance.(對(duì)于多動(dòng)癥患者來(lái)說(shuō)，真正重要的是改變過(guò)去的表現(xiàn))”可知，ADHD患者應(yīng)該特別注意過(guò)去的行為變化。故選D。
【31題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“When we’re operating on autopilot and not truly focused on our surroundings, we may still lose things even with the strongest intention not to do so, Professor Arely says. But for the most part, he thinks people can overcome the tendency to lose things.( Arely教授說(shuō)，當(dāng)我們處于自動(dòng)駕駛狀態(tài)，沒有真正關(guān)注周圍環(huán)境時(shí)，我們可能仍然會(huì)失去一些東西，即使我們最不想這樣做。但在大多數(shù)情況下，他認(rèn)為人們可以克服失去東西的傾向)”可推知，Arely教授認(rèn)為人們是可以克服失去東西的這種傾向，由此可推知，他對(duì)克服健忘的態(tài)度是積極的。故選A。
D
For thousands of years, Chinese writers have travelled all over the country to take down notes about the geographical conditions of each city. Among them, well-known Chinese geographer and writer Li Daoyuan, in the Northern Wei Dynasty (386-534), composed his book, Commentary on the Water Classics, after studying the original literary version, Water Classics. He later expanded the river records to 1, 252 from the original 137.
The book is now being studied again by Professor Li Xiaojie and his team from Fudan University. They have been using drawing software and 3D modelling to recreate the waterway situations on a map based on the book description. So far, they have completed research on four rivers.
“Ancient people knew really well how to apply the power of nature to technical considerations,”Li said, giving the example of Qianjin’e, one of the most famous ancient water conservation projects in Luoyang, Henan. In order to lead the river into the city for irrigation (灌溉) in ancient Luoyang, the officials built a canal branch by separating a northwest-southeast river. However, the canal water wasn't enough to support the citizens in dry seasons. To solve that, on the northern side of the canal branch, the officials built a reservoir (水庫(kù)) and a channel to lead the water to the canal branch, where the waterways would converge and flow together to the city.
In Commentary on the Water Classics, a total of 2, 800 cities are recorded with details. Still, the process of recreation takes much effort. After doing a lot of text analysis and fieldwork, the team has gradually created the model with 3D modelling software based on repeated deductions (推論).
For Professor Li, the book is not only a record of the natural landscape over 1, 000 years ago, but also a detailed description of humanity and culture and a treasure for today’s reference.
32. What can we learn about the book Commentary on the Water Classics?
A. It has been out of date. B. It explains 3D modelling.
C. It keeps records of 137 rivers. D. It is based on previous studies.
33. What does the underlined word “converge” in paragraph 3 mean?
A. Join. B. Pass. C. Cross. D. Begin.
34. What does paragraph 4 mainly tell us about model recreation?
A. Its major problems. B. Its detailed analysis.
C. Its complex process. D. Its successful application.
35. Which of the following can be the best title for the text?
A. 3D Technology Fuels Modern Research
B. Ancient Classics Inspire Modern Research
C. An Effective Approach to Model Recreation
D. A Famous Writer of Chinese Ancient Classics
【答案】32. D 33. A 34. C 35. B
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文，文章主要講述了復(fù)旦大學(xué)李曉杰教授及其團(tuán)隊(duì)根據(jù)古代著作《水經(jīng)注》的描述，使用繪圖軟件和3D建模重現(xiàn)了水道情況。
【32題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Among them, well-known Chinese geographer and writer Li Daoyuan, in the Northern Wei Dynasty (386-534), composed his book, Commentary on the Water Classics, after studying the original literary version, Water Classics.(其中，中國(guó)著名地理學(xué)家、作家酈道元在北魏（386-534）對(duì)《水經(jīng)》原著進(jìn)行研究后，撰寫了《水經(jīng)注》一書)”可知，《水經(jīng)注》是基于對(duì)之前《水經(jīng)》一書的研究。故選D項(xiàng)。
【33題詳解】
詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線詞前“To solve that, on the northern side of the canal branch, the officials built a reservoir (水庫(kù)) and a channel to lead the water to the canal branch(為了解決這個(gè)問(wèn)題，官員們?cè)谶\(yùn)河支流的北側(cè)建了一個(gè)水庫(kù)和一個(gè)渠道，把水引到運(yùn)河支流)”及劃線詞后“flow together to the city(一起流向城市)”可知，此處指水在支流匯合然后一起流入城市，converge意為“匯合”。故選A項(xiàng)。
【34題詳解】
主旨大意題。根據(jù)第四段“Still, the process of recreation takes much effort. After doing a lot of text analysis and fieldwork, the team has gradually created the model with 3D modelling software based on repeated deductions(推論).(然而，娛樂的過(guò)程需要很多努力。經(jīng)過(guò)大量的文本分析和實(shí)地調(diào)查，團(tuán)隊(duì)在反復(fù)推演的基礎(chǔ)上，用3D建模軟件逐步建立模型)”可知，本段主要講述重建模型的復(fù)雜過(guò)程。故選C項(xiàng)。
【35題詳解】
主旨大意題。通讀全文，結(jié)合第二段中“They have been using drawing software and 3D modelling to recreate the waterway situations on a map based on the book description.(他們一直在使用繪圖軟件和3D建模，在地圖上根據(jù)書中的描述重現(xiàn)水道情況)”可知，文章主要講述復(fù)旦大學(xué)李曉杰教授及其團(tuán)隊(duì)根據(jù)《水經(jīng)注》的描述，使用繪圖軟件和3D建模重現(xiàn)了水道情況。故B項(xiàng)“古代經(jīng)典啟發(fā)現(xiàn)代研究”適合作為文章標(biāo)題。故選B項(xiàng)。
第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2. 5分，滿分12. 5分）
閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。
Is it likely that your siblings (兄弟姐妹) fought like cats and dogs with you when you were younger? ___36___ Here’s why.
Siblings can help you have a healthier lifestyle. This is supported by a study that surveyed more than 15, 000 people. ___37___ Brothers and sisters are readily available fitness and healthy-eating friends. That can only be a bonus when you reach adulthood.
___38___ According to a study among 395 families, scientists found that having siblings made you more likely to do good deeds. It could be that having a same-generation relative encourages you to think about others, which can lead to greater life satisfaction, and fewer depressive symptoms.
Brothers and sisters improve your chances of a happy marriage. Research found that the more siblings you have, the lower your chance of getting divorced (離婚) is. In fact, for each additional one, your risk of marriage breakdown was three per cent less. ___39___ .
Having good friends can bring many of the same benefits. ___40___ Don’t panic. Research also shows that having close friends can boost your health, well-being and longevity (壽命). Make friends by signing up to groups or classes and finding people who enjoy the same things as you do.
A. That bond is vital as you enter old age.
B. Siblings can protect you from depression.
C. Having siblings makes you do an act of charity.
D. But they can actually boost your physical and mental health.
E. We don’t all have siblings, or you might live far away from yours.
F. Having siblings helps deal with the tricky situations in close relationships better.
G. Most of them credited their siblings for having the biggest impact on their health.
【答案】36. D 37. G 38. C 39. F 40. E
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章講述了擁有兄弟姐妹諸多好處。
【36題詳解】
D選項(xiàng)“但它們實(shí)際上可以促進(jìn)你的身心健康?！迸c上文“Is it likely that your siblings (兄弟姐妹) fought like cats and dogs with you when you were younger? (在你小的時(shí)候，你的兄弟姐妹會(huì)像貓狗一樣跟你打架嗎)”形成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，承接下文“Siblings can help you have a healthier lifestyle. (兄弟姐妹可以幫助你擁有更健康的生活方式)”和“Brothers and sisters improve your chances of a happy marriage. (兄弟姐妹會(huì)增加你幸?；橐龅臋C(jī)會(huì))”講擁有兄弟姐妹的好處。故選D項(xiàng)。
【37題詳解】
G選項(xiàng)“他們中的大多數(shù)人認(rèn)為他們的兄弟姐妹對(duì)他們的健康影響最大。”承接上文“Siblings can help you have a healthier lifestyle. This is supported by a study that surveyed more than 15, 000 people. (兄弟姐妹可以幫助你擁有更健康的生活方式。這得到了一項(xiàng)調(diào)查15000多人的研究的支持)”和下文“Brothers and sisters are readily available fitness and healthy-eating friends. (兄弟姐妹是隨時(shí)準(zhǔn)備健身和健康飲食的朋友)”講擁有兄弟姐妹有助于個(gè)人身體健康的改善。故選G項(xiàng)。
【38題詳解】
C選項(xiàng)“有兄弟姐妹會(huì)讓你做出慈善行為?！币鰮碛行值芙忝玫牧硪粋€(gè)好處——促使你去行善，引出下文“According to a study among 395 families, scientists found that having siblings made you more likely to do good deeds. (根據(jù)對(duì)395個(gè)家庭的研究，科學(xué)家發(fā)現(xiàn)有兄弟姐妹會(huì)讓你更有可能做好事)”講用科學(xué)研究表明兄弟姐妹促使你行善的益處。故選C項(xiàng)。
【39題詳解】
該空起總結(jié)本段的作用。由上文“Brothers and sisters improve your chances of a happy marriage. Research found that the more siblings you have, the lower your chance of getting divorced (離婚) is. In fact, for each additional one, your risk of marriage breakdown was three per cent less. (兄弟姐妹會(huì)增加你幸?；橐龅臋C(jī)會(huì)。研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，兄弟姐妹越多，離婚的幾率越低。事實(shí)上，每增加一個(gè)兄弟姐妹，你的婚姻破裂風(fēng)險(xiǎn)就會(huì)降低3%)”可知，上文講擁有兄弟姐妹能使你在親密關(guān)系中更幸福，遇到的棘手情況（例如離婚）會(huì)更少，承接上文，F(xiàn)選項(xiàng)“有兄弟姐妹有助于更好地處理親密關(guān)系中的棘手情況?！鼻蓄}。故選F項(xiàng)。
【40題詳解】
E選項(xiàng)“我們并不是都有兄弟姐妹，或者你可能住得離你兄弟姐妹很遠(yuǎn)。”與上文“Having good friends can bring many of the same benefits. (有好朋友可以帶來(lái)許多相同的好處)”形成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，表明沒有兄弟姐妹也沒關(guān)系，擁有朋友也會(huì)產(chǎn)生一些相同的好處。故選E項(xiàng)。
第三部分 語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）
第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）
閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。
Herb Chasan could have eased into retirement after spending 18 years teaching in high school and another 30 years remodelling homes. But the 80-year-old didn’t ___41___ . He saw a need in the lower-income neighbourhoods near his home and he wanted to ___42___ it.
So Mr. Chasan ___43___ Hoops and Homework, an after-school program providing ___44___ for youths up to age 14. Since 2012, it has helped over 300 children, who otherwise would have gone home to ___45___ houses or wandered around the streets until their parents ___46___ work.
Every Wednesday afternoon, the day’s volunteers—a married couple—would ___47___ the children with their homework, ranging from science to art projects. The air was filled with laughter and ___48___ from those curious minds.
Thanks to the founder Mr. Chasan and a group of ___49___ volunteers, the children have spent their afternoons ____50____ , making crafts, playing basketball, learning violin and gardening in the ____51____ of a small army of tutors (助教).
While the ____52____ after-school operations have been affected by COVID-19, Mr. Chasan is still planning to ____53____ the program for the benefit of more children in need.
“Our ____54____ is to help these kids break the cycle of poverty—to have a good job, to be a success,” says Mr. Chasan. The work isn’t easy, but the ____55____ can be big.
41. A. wait B. change C. rest D. leave
42. A. meet B. feel C. recognize D. emphasize
43. A. consulted B. discovered C. established D. checked
44. A. donations B. interviews C. exams D. activities
45. A. distant B. empty C. messy D. small
46. A. left for B. looked for C. put off D. got off
47. A. assist B. comfort C. impress D. inspire
48. A. advice B. guidance C. questions D. behaviours
49. A. polite B. selfless C. sensible D. cheerful
50. A. casually B. toughly C. competitively D. productively
51. A. rule B. attention C. hope D. evaluation
52. A. costly B. occasional C. regular D. dull
53. A. expand B. replace C. suspend D. choose
54. A. profession B. request C. problem D. goal
55. A. pay B. reward C. demand D. result
【答案】41. C 42. A 43. C 44. D 45. B 46. D 47. A 48. C 49. B 50. D 51. B 52. C 53. A 54. D 55. B
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了，80歲的老人Herb Chasan退休后沒有休息，致力于社區(qū)貧困家庭學(xué)生的課后輔導(dǎo)工作。
【41題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：但這位80歲的老人沒有休息。A. wait等待；B. change改變；C. rest休息；D. leave離開。由下文的“Hoops and Homework, an after-school program”和“for the benefit of more children in need”可知，80歲的老人Herb Chasan退休后沒有休息，設(shè)立了籃球和家庭作業(yè)項(xiàng)目，幫助社區(qū)貧困家庭的學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)。故選C項(xiàng)。
【42題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：他看到他家附近的低收入社區(qū)有一種需求，他想滿足這種需求。A. meet滿足；B. feel感覺；C. recognize認(rèn)可；D. emphasize強(qiáng)調(diào)。由上文的“He saw a need in the lower-income neighbourhoods near his home”，下文的“Hoops and Homework, an after-school program”和“for the benefit of more children in need”可知，80歲的老人Herb Chasan退休后沒有休息，設(shè)立了籃球和家庭作業(yè)項(xiàng)目，是為了滿足社區(qū)貧困家庭學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)的需求。故選A項(xiàng)。
【43題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：因此，Chasan先生設(shè)立了籃球和家庭作業(yè)項(xiàng)目，這是一項(xiàng)為14歲以下的青少年提供活動(dòng)的課后項(xiàng)目。A. consulted咨詢；B. discovered發(fā)現(xiàn)；C. established建立；D. checked檢查。由下文的“Hoops and Homework, an after-school program”和“the founder Mr. Chasan”可知，此處指Chasan先生建立籃球和家庭作業(yè)課后服務(wù)項(xiàng)目。故選C項(xiàng)。
【44題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：因此，Chasan先生設(shè)立了籃球和家庭作業(yè)項(xiàng)目，這是一項(xiàng)為14歲以下的青少年提供活動(dòng)的課后項(xiàng)目。A. donations捐贈(zèng)；B. interviews面試；C. exams考試；D. activities活動(dòng)。由下文的“with their homework, ranging from science to art projects”和“making crafts, playing basketball, learning violin and gardening”可知，籃球和家庭作業(yè)課后服務(wù)項(xiàng)目包括解答問(wèn)題、制作工藝品、打籃球、學(xué)習(xí)小提琴和園藝等各種各樣的活動(dòng)。故選D項(xiàng)。
【45題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：自2012年以來(lái)，它已經(jīng)幫助了300多名兒童，這些兒童原本要回家住空房子，或者在街上閑逛，直到他們的父母下班。A. distant遙遠(yuǎn)的；B. empty空的；C. messy混亂的；D. small小的。由上文的“the lower-income neighbourhoods”和常識(shí)可知，低收入社區(qū)的家長(zhǎng)們?cè)谕夤ぷ髅τ谏?jì)，孩子下課后只能回到空蕩蕩的家。故選B項(xiàng)。
【46題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：自2012年以來(lái)，它已經(jīng)幫助了300多名兒童，這些兒童原本要回家住空房子，或者在街上閑逛，直到他們的父母下班。A. left for前往；B. looked for尋找；C. put off推遲；D. got off離開。由上文的“the lower-income neighbourhoods”，“wandered around the streets”和常識(shí)可知，低收入社區(qū)的家長(zhǎng)們?cè)谕夤ぷ髅τ谏?jì)，無(wú)暇顧及孩子，孩子下課后只能閑逛到父母下班為止，get off work (下班)。故選D項(xiàng)。
【47題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：每周三下午，當(dāng)天的志愿者——一對(duì)已婚夫婦——將幫助孩子們完成家庭作業(yè)，從科學(xué)到藝術(shù)項(xiàng)目。A. assist幫助；B. comfort安慰；C. impress給……留下深刻印象；D. inspire激勵(lì)。由上文的“the day’s volunteers—a married couple”可知，這對(duì)夫妻是籃球和家庭作業(yè)課后服務(wù)項(xiàng)目的志愿者，志愿者會(huì)幫助孩子們答疑解惑。故選A項(xiàng)。
【48題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：空氣中充滿了那些好奇的人的笑聲和問(wèn)題。A. advice建議；B. guidance幫助；C. questions問(wèn)題；D. behaviours行為。由上文的“the day’s volunteers—a married couple—would ___7___ the children with their homework, ranging from science to art projects”可知，籃球和家庭作業(yè)課后服務(wù)項(xiàng)目的志愿者夫妻會(huì)幫助孩子們答疑解惑，所以空氣中應(yīng)該是充滿了孩子們提問(wèn)題的聲音。故選C項(xiàng)。
【49題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：多虧了創(chuàng)始人Chasan先生和一群無(wú)私的志愿者，孩子們?cè)谝恍∪褐痰年P(guān)注下，富有成效地度過(guò)了下午，制作工藝品、打籃球、學(xué)習(xí)小提琴和園藝。A. polite禮貌的；B. selfless無(wú)私的；C. sensible明智的；D. cheerful令人愉快的。由下文的“volunteers”和常識(shí)可知，志愿者都是無(wú)私奉獻(xiàn)的人。故選B項(xiàng)。
【50題詳解】
考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：多虧了創(chuàng)始人Chasan先生和一群無(wú)私的志愿者，孩子們?cè)谝恍∪褐痰年P(guān)注下，富有成效地度過(guò)了下午，制作工藝品、打籃球、學(xué)習(xí)小提琴和園藝。A. casually隨意地；B. toughly頑強(qiáng)地；C. competitively有競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力地；D. productively有成果地。由下文的“making crafts, playing basketball, learning violin and gardening”可知，在籃球和家庭作業(yè)課后服務(wù)項(xiàng)目中，孩子們制作工藝品、打籃球、學(xué)習(xí)小提琴和園藝，這是富有成效地度過(guò)了下午。故選D項(xiàng)。
【51題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：多虧了創(chuàng)始人Chasan先生和一群無(wú)私的志愿者，孩子們?cè)谝恍∪褐痰年P(guān)注下，富有成效地度過(guò)了下午，制作工藝品、打籃球、學(xué)習(xí)小提琴和園藝。A. rule規(guī)則；B. attention關(guān)注；C. hope希望；D. evaluation評(píng)價(jià)。由下文的“a small army of tutors (助教)”可知，志愿者助教們是來(lái)幫助孩子們的，所以助教會(huì)關(guān)注孩子們。故選B項(xiàng)。
【52題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：雖然定期的課后活動(dòng)受到2019冠狀病毒疾病的影響，但Chasan先生仍計(jì)劃擴(kuò)大該項(xiàng)目，以造福更多需要幫助的兒童。A. costly昂貴的；B. occasional偶爾的；C. regular定期的；D. dull沉悶的。由下文的“after-school operations have been affected by COVID-19”和常識(shí)可知，2019冠狀病毒疾病攪亂了一切，也打斷了定期的課后活動(dòng)。故選C項(xiàng)。
【53題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：雖然定期的課后活動(dòng)受到2019冠狀病毒疾病的影響，但Chasan先生仍計(jì)劃擴(kuò)大該項(xiàng)目，以造福更多需要幫助的兒童。A. expand擴(kuò)大；B. replace代替；C. suspend暫停；D. choose選擇。由下文的“for the benefit of more children in need”可知，Chasan先生想要造福更多需要幫助的兒童，就需要擴(kuò)大該項(xiàng)目。故選A項(xiàng)。
【54題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：“我們的目標(biāo)是幫助這些孩子打破貧困的循環(huán)，找到一份好工作，取得成功，”Chasan先生說(shuō)。A. profession職業(yè)；B. request需要；C. problem問(wèn)題；D. goal目標(biāo)。由下文的“to help these kids break the cycle of poverty—to have a good job, to be a success”可知，“幫助這些孩子打破貧困的循環(huán)，找到一份好工作，取得成功”是Chasan先生建立籃球和家庭作業(yè)課后服務(wù)項(xiàng)目的目標(biāo)。故選D項(xiàng)。
【55題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這項(xiàng)工作并不容易，但回報(bào)可能很大。A. pay薪水；B. reward回報(bào)；C. demand需求；D. result結(jié)果。由上文的“to help these kids break the cycle of poverty—to have a good job, to be a success(幫助這些孩子打破貧困的循環(huán)，找到一份好工作，取得成功)”可知，籃球和家庭作業(yè)課后服務(wù)項(xiàng)目積極影響很多，可得出該項(xiàng)目的回報(bào)可能很大。故選B項(xiàng)。
第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1. 5分，滿分15分）
閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。
The story started with the killing of a 19-year-old female elephant at the hands of hunters in northern Kenya in 2016. Her two calves (幼崽) then started a journey to the area where their mother ___56___(kill). They were too young to deal with the hidden danger in the wild ___57___ the protection of adults.
According to that sad but inspiring true story, elephant-lover Sun Xiao wrote a children’s book Samburu, I’m Back. Sun is ___58___ witness to the story told in his book. He was, at the time, in Kenya working for Save the Elephants, a UK charity ___59___ (base) in Nairobi, capital of Kenya. When he and his peers found the two calves wandering in the wild, they tried to change their course. ___60___ (lucky), through great efforts they managed to transport them to an elephant reserve.
In the past decade, Sun ___61___ (devote) himself to spreading knowledge of elephants via a ___62___ (various) of methods, such as writing children’s storybooks ___63___ (feature) the elephants, sharing photos he took of elephants ___64___ posting hundreds of articles he wrote on social networks. He intended to raise public awareness of the urgent need to protect the creatures from hunters, ____65____ kill them for their ivory tusks.
【答案】56. was killed##had been killed
57. without
58. a 59. based
60. Luckily
61. has devoted
62. variety
63. featuring
64. and 65. who
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。主要說(shuō)明了大象愛好者孫曉寫了一本兒童讀物《桑布魯，我回來(lái)了》，講述的是一只19歲的母象被獵人殺死。 然后，她的兩只幼崽開始前往它們的母親被殺害的地區(qū)。
【56題詳解】
考查時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意：然后，她的兩只幼崽開始前往它們的母親被殺害的地區(qū)。主語(yǔ)與謂語(yǔ)構(gòu)成被動(dòng)關(guān)系，此處可用一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，也可用過(guò)去完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，表示“過(guò)去的過(guò)去”。故填was killed/had been killed。
【57題詳解】
考查介詞。句意：沒有成年大象的保護(hù)，它們還太小，無(wú)法應(yīng)對(duì)野外的潛在危險(xiǎn)。后跟名詞作賓語(yǔ)，表示“沒有”應(yīng)用介詞without。故填without。
【58題詳解】
考查冠詞。句意：孫是他書中故事的目擊者。witness為可數(shù)名詞，此處為泛指且是發(fā)音以輔音音素開頭的單詞。故填a。
【59題詳解】
考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：當(dāng)時(shí)，他正在肯尼亞為一家總部設(shè)在肯尼亞首都內(nèi)羅畢的英國(guó)慈善機(jī)構(gòu)“拯救大象”工作。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知base在句中應(yīng)用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式，與邏輯主語(yǔ)a UK charity構(gòu)成被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)。故填based。
【60題詳解】
考查副詞。句意：幸運(yùn)的是，通過(guò)巨大的努力，他們成功地把它們運(yùn)到了大象保護(hù)區(qū)。修飾后文整個(gè)句子，應(yīng)用副詞luckily，句首單詞首字母要大寫。故填Luckily。
【61題詳解】
考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：在過(guò)去的十年里，孫通過(guò)各種方式致力于傳播關(guān)于大象的知識(shí)，比如寫關(guān)于大象的兒童故事書，分享他拍攝的大象照片，在社交網(wǎng)絡(luò)上發(fā)布數(shù)百篇他寫的文章。根據(jù)上文In the past decade可知為現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，主語(yǔ)為Sun，助動(dòng)詞用has。故填has devoted。
【62題詳解】
考查固定短語(yǔ)。句意：在過(guò)去的十年里，孫通過(guò)各種方式致力于傳播關(guān)于大象的知識(shí)，比如寫關(guān)于大象的兒童故事書，分享他拍攝的大象照片，在社交網(wǎng)絡(luò)上發(fā)布數(shù)百篇他寫的文章。結(jié)合句意表示“各種各樣的”可知短語(yǔ)為a variety of。故填variety。
【63題詳解】
考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：在過(guò)去的十年里，孫通過(guò)各種方式致力于傳播關(guān)于大象的知識(shí)，比如寫關(guān)于大象的兒童故事書，分享他拍攝的大象照片，在社交網(wǎng)絡(luò)上發(fā)布數(shù)百篇他寫的文章。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知feature在句中應(yīng)用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式，與邏輯主語(yǔ)storybooks構(gòu)成主動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用現(xiàn)在分詞。故填featuring。
【64題詳解】
考查連詞。句意：在過(guò)去的十年里，孫通過(guò)各種方式致力于傳播關(guān)于大象的知識(shí)，比如寫關(guān)于大象的兒童故事書，分享他拍攝的大象照片，在社交網(wǎng)絡(luò)上發(fā)布數(shù)百篇他寫的文章。此處前后文為并列關(guān)系，應(yīng)用連詞and。故填and。
【65題詳解】
考查定語(yǔ)從句。句意：他的目的是讓公眾意識(shí)到保護(hù)這些動(dòng)物不受獵人傷害的緊迫性，這些獵人為了獲取象牙而殺害它們。此處為非限制性定語(yǔ)從句修飾先行詞hunters，先行詞在從句中作主語(yǔ)，指人，故用關(guān)系代詞who。故填who。
第四部分 寫作（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）
第一節(jié)（滿分15分）
66. 你校將舉辦英語(yǔ)演講比賽。請(qǐng)你以Take a Break from Social Media為題，寫一篇發(fā)言稿參賽，內(nèi)容包括：
1. 提出觀點(diǎn)；
2. 陳述理由；
3. 發(fā)起倡議。
注意：1. 詞數(shù)80左右；
2. 請(qǐng)?jiān)诖痤}卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。
Take a Break from Social Media
Good morning, everyone!
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
That’s all. Thank you.
【答案】Version 1: 從“social media的弊端”角度陳述理由
Take a Break from Social Media
Good morning, everyone!
I’m so privileged to deliver a speech here. In the age of the Internet when many teenagers are addicted to social media, I think we should take a break from it.
Firstly, with much time spent on social media, students nowadays cannot concentrate on their studies, which will inevitably affect their academic performance. Besides, excessive exposure to the virtual world may create a false sense of reality and a loss of real human contact. Lastly, spending too much time on social network could also bring about mental and physical health issues such as depression and poor eyesight.
Even though social media can keep us updated, we do need to turn off our devices for a while and embrace the physical world.
That’s all. Thank you.
Version 2: 從“take a break的益處”角度陳述理由
Take a Break from Social Media
Good morning, everyone!
I’m so privileged to deliver a speech here. In the age of the Internet when many teenagers are addicted to social media, I think we should take a break from it.
Firstly, taking a break from social media allows us to have more real contact with our family and friends, which helps us establish better interpersonal relationships. Besides, when freed from social media, we will have more time for hobbies like reading and painting, through which we can enjoy our life to the fullest. Lastly, spending less time on social media makes time for doing exercise and thus helps improve both our physical and mental health.
Even though social media can keep us updated, we do need to turn off our devices for a while and embrace the physical world.
That’s all. Thank you.
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本篇書面表達(dá)屬于說(shuō)明文。你校將舉辦英語(yǔ)演講比賽。請(qǐng)你以Take a Break from Social Media為題，寫一篇發(fā)言稿參賽
【詳解】1.詞匯積累
發(fā)表演講：deliver a speech→give a speech
沉迷于：be addicted to→be obsessed with
集中于：concentrate on→focus on
此外：besides→additionally
2.句式拓展
同義句轉(zhuǎn)換
原句：Firstly, with much time spent on social media, students nowadays cannot concentrate on their studies, which will inevitably affect their academic performance.
拓展句：Firstly, students nowadays cannot concentrate on their studies because they spent too much time on social media, which will inevitably affect their academic performance.
【點(diǎn)睛】[高分句型1] In the age of the Internet when many teenagers are addicted to social media, I think we should take a break from it. (運(yùn)用了定語(yǔ)從句)
[高分句型2] Lastly, spending too much time on social network could also bring about mental and physical health issues such as depression and poor eyesight. (運(yùn)用了動(dòng)名詞作主語(yǔ))
第二節(jié)（滿分15分）
67. 閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語(yǔ)續(xù)寫一段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。
Annie stood at Michael’s front door waiting excitedly for him to answer. This party sounded so fun! “Just be yourself, ”Annie’s dad had advised when he’d dropped her off. But who else could she be but herself?
Michael swung the door open, greeting Annie with a welcoming smile. But when she followed him in, she felt embarrassed. She didn’t recognize a single kid. And they were all older!
As she sat down, every kid stared at her. Her colourful new dress, she believed, was stupid compared with the other girls’ tasteful dresses in soft golden colours. The thought made her ashamed. “This is my good friend Annie,” Michael announced. “She’s the smartest, cleverest person I know! Her brain is filled with a million fantastic things you’ve never even heard of”.
After that introduction of her, Annie felt even worse as all the kids looked at her doubtfully. Could she maybe slide out of her seat when no one was looking and just hid under the table? Instead, she sat there with a frozen smile on her face, feeling anything but herself.
The kids all started to eat, chatting and joking as they stuffed their mouths. They were barely even looking at her now. Annie didn’t know whether to feel relieved or left out. Finally, she filled her plate and started eating.
“Pass me some of those strange bananas,” a girl said. “Yeah, the bananas!” somebody across the table shouted. All at once, without any warning from her own mind, Annie’s mouth opened and words came out.
“They’re not exactly bananas,” she blurted. “They’re plantains(大蕉)!” She couldn’t help herself. “They look like bananas, but they taste totally different. Some people call them the potato of the tropics.”
注意：
1. 續(xù)寫一段文字；
2 詞數(shù)100左右；
3. 請(qǐng)按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。
Now all the kids were looking at Annie again, but this time their faces were interested and friendly.
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Now all the kids were looking at Annie again, but this time their faces were interested and friendly. They started asking her questions. They wanted to know about her family and her pets. A girl even complimented Annie on her dress. Someone asked her more about plantains, and she recited everything she knew about them, which was a lot. Then, at Michael’s urging, she told an old folktale about how eating a plantain saved a frog from a deadly spider bite. “You are the star of the night!" Michael said when the evening was over. Annie sighed, relaxed and happy. She wasn’t sure about being a star, but Daddy was right. She’d managed to be herself after all.
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文以人物為線索展開，講述了Annie去參加Michael的聚會(huì)，一個(gè)孩子都不認(rèn)識(shí)。在聚會(huì)上，Annie認(rèn)出了一種像香蕉，但是味道完全不同的食物。大家因此開始紛紛和Annie交流起來(lái)。
【詳解】1.段落續(xù)寫：
由首句內(nèi)容“現(xiàn)在，所有的孩子們都再次看著Annie，但這次他們的臉上都是感興趣和友好的表情?！笨芍笪目擅鑼慉nnie是如何逐漸受到其它孩子歡迎的以及Annie的感悟。
2.續(xù)寫線索：所有孩子看著Annie——問(wèn)Annie問(wèn)題——Annie講故事——Annie輕松快樂——感悟
3.詞匯激活
行為類
1.看著：look at/ stare at
2.稱贊：compliment/praise
3.拯救：save /rescue
情緒類
1.正確的：right / correct
2.快樂的：happy / glad/pleased
【點(diǎn)睛】[高分句型1] Someone asked her more about plantains, and she recited everything she knew about them, which was a lot. (運(yùn)用了which引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句)
[高分句型2] Then, at Michael’s urging, she told an old folktale about how eating a plantain saved a frog from a deadly spider bite. (運(yùn)用了how引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句)



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