?Unit 2 Morals and Virtues測(cè)試卷
（A卷基礎(chǔ)卷）原卷板
【新人教板】
注意事項(xiàng)：
1. 答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、考生號(hào)等填寫(xiě)在答題卡上。
2. 回答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)?；卮鸱沁x擇題時(shí)，將答案寫(xiě)在答題卡上，寫(xiě)在本試卷上無(wú)效。
3. 考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。
第一部分 閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分50分）
第一節(jié) （共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿(mǎn)分37.5分）
閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。
A
Across the world, more and more people are volunteering online. What encourages them to help strangers without expectation of money or even thanks?
Radha Taralekar helped teach Imelda how to protect herself from HIV, though the two have never met, and neither knows the other’s name. Taralekar received no payment for the job. She is one of a number of talented people who regularly donate their time online. But what is driving them to help total strangers, while asking for nothing in return? For Taralekar, the project gave her the chance to us her professional experience. “I want to serve people with my medical knowledge,” she says.?
For some, the inspiration to volunteer online was far more personal. After losing his wife to cancer, Tony Selman spent many hours online helping Cancer Research to collect data on the disease. “Seeing how painful she was when my wife was dying, I determined to help scientists find a cure for cancer，” he says.?
Interests and hobbies are also one of the factors(因素). In 2011 Sam Luk, a designer,joined other online volunteers to try to help the police solve a murder case. The police posted them online, calling for volunteers to help them make sense of the messages. “I’m interested in patterns and I love Sherlock Holmes,” says Luk.
For writer Clay Shirky, some large online volunteering projects benefit millions of people, giving him a sense of achievement. He helps write Wikipedia, the world’s biggest encyclopedia (百科全書(shū)), which is written entirely by people willing to donate their professional knowledge without any reward.?
1. What does Radha Taralekar do according to Paragraph 2 ?
A. She is a witer. B. She is a teacher.
C. She is a medical worker. D. She is a police officer.
【答案】C
【解析】本題考查細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Radha Taralekar helped teach Imelda how to protect herself from HIV,拉達(dá)·塔拉萊卡教伊梅爾達(dá)如何保護(hù)自己免受艾滋病病毒感染和I want to serve people with my medical knowledge,” she says.?“我想用我的醫(yī)學(xué)知識(shí)為人們服務(wù)，”她說(shuō)?？芍猂adha Taralekar是一名醫(yī)務(wù)工作者。故選C項(xiàng)。
2. Tony Selman spent a lot of time helping Cancer Research because of __________.
A. his wife’s suffering from the pains caused by cancer
B. his wish to become an experienced doctor to treat cancer
C. his dream of building a hospital where cancer patients can be treated
D. the close relationship between him and the workers of Cancer Research
【答案】A
【解析】本題考查細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)After losing his wife to cancer, Tony Selman spent many hours online helping Cancer Research to collect data on the disease. "Seeing how painful she was when my wife was dying, I determined to help scientists find a cure for cancer，" he says.（在妻子死于癌癥后，托尼·塞爾曼花了很多時(shí)間在網(wǎng)上幫助癌癥研究收集有關(guān)該疾病的數(shù)據(jù)。他說(shuō)：“看到妻子臨終時(shí)的痛苦，我決心幫助科學(xué)家找到治愈癌癥的方法。”。）可知，托尼·塞爾曼花了很多時(shí)間幫助癌癥研究，因?yàn)樗拮釉馐芰税┌Y帶來(lái)的痛苦。故選A項(xiàng)。
3. What leads Sam Luk to help the police with a murder case?
A. A sense of responsibility B. His interest and hobby
C. A sense of achievement D. His professional knowedge
【答案】B
【解析】本題考查細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段In 2011 Sam Luk, a designer,joined other online volunteers to try to help the police solve a murder case. The police posted them online, calling for volunteers to help them make sense of the messages. "I'm interested in patterns and I love Sherlock Holmes," says Luk.（2011年，設(shè)計(jì)師山姆?盧克與其他在線志愿者一起，試圖幫助警方破獲一起謀殺案。警方將這些信息發(fā)布在網(wǎng)上，呼吁志愿者幫助他們理解這些信息?！拔覍?duì)圖案感興趣，我喜歡福爾摩斯，”盧克說(shuō)。）可知，是他的興趣和愛(ài)好導(dǎo)致薩姆·盧克幫助警方處理一起謀殺案。故選B項(xiàng)。
B
It was summer when I was asked whether I wanted to go to Malibu (a city in California) with my church to serve the military families. At first, I heard this and thought, "You are asking an eleven-yearold in his last weeks of summer if he wants to go on a trip with his morn to California to serve other people?" Of course, I responded with a kind refusal, but my morn found a way to convince me to go.
When we were on the ferry to the city, a thousand thoughts were running through my head, such as "What am I going to do here? Am I even going to be useful?" and "Why am I even here?" When we got to the city, I was asked to the child care. I was actually somewhat excited because my friend said he would help me. The first time I met the kids, I got to know them pretty well. They were all between the ages of four and six. Some of them behaved and a few of them started acting crazily and would even hit and push the other kids.
With those kids, I was very strict, but I still tried to be positive and keep a smile. After all, they were just innocent kids. Most of the time, I needed to help them with things like washing clothes, and setting tables. Even though that sounded dull, I enjoyed every second of that. One of the things I did in my free time was to play pool (普爾). I made friends with a few kids there. They were really easy to talk to. Some of the things we talked about were sports, food, video games, and most of all pool.
Even though I was only at Malibu, California for one week, I felt like I made spiritual changes in some people?s life. You don?t have to go above and beyond to have an influence on someone?s life. In the end, it all comes down to the way you changed them. It could have been in a spiritual way or a mental way as long as you had a positive effect. So go out and try to make a difference in this world.
4. How did the author react when asked if he liked to serve the military families?
A. He hardly believed it.
B. He was very confused about the decision.
C. He refused to accept it.
D. He was worried about the trip.
【答案】C
【解析】本題考查判斷推理題。根據(jù)第一段Of course, I responded with a kind refusal，but my mom found a way to convince me to go.可知，當(dāng)被問(wèn)及是否愿意為軍人家庭服務(wù)時(shí)，作者拒絕了。故選C項(xiàng)。
5. The author?s main task in Malibu was___________.
A. to take care of kids there
B. to educate kids there
C. to make friends with kids there
D. to share his experiences with kids there
【答案】A
【解析】本題考查細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中When we got to the city，I was asked to the child care．可知，作者的任務(wù)是照顧那里的孩子。故選A項(xiàng)。
6. What can we know about the author?s stay in Malibu?
A. He found the kids very hard to deal with.
B. He didn?t quite like the badly-behaved kids.
C. He managed to get along well with most kids.
D. He shared common hobbies with some kids.
【答案】D
【解析】本題考查判斷推理題。根據(jù)第三段中Some of the things we talked about were sports, food, video games, and most of all pool．（我們談?wù)摰囊恍┦虑槭沁\(yùn)動(dòng)、食物、電子游戲，最重要的是普爾）可知，作者在Malibu逗留時(shí)，他和一些孩子有共同的愛(ài)好。故選D項(xiàng)。
7. What does the author mainly tell us in the last paragraph?
A. He regretted having taken the trip.
B. His spiritual changes in Malibu.
C. What he has learnt from the experience.
D. What to do to make a greater difference.
【答案】C
【解析】本題考查主旨大意題。根據(jù)最后一段中In the end, it all comes down to what way you changed them. It could have been in a spiritual way or a mental way as long as you had a positive effect. So go out and try to make a difference in this world.（最后，一切都?xì)w結(jié)于你改變他們的方式。只要你有積極的影響，它可以是心靈上的，也可以是精神上的。所以，走出去，試著改變這個(gè)世界）可推知，最后一段作者主要告訴我們“他從這次經(jīng)歷中學(xué)到了什么”。故選C項(xiàng)。
C
Nine years ago, when the closest and largest full moon fell on March 19,2011, many people used the term, "supermoon", which we had never heard before. In 2012, we heard this term again to describe the year?s closest full moon on May 6, 2012. Supermoons also appeared in 2013, 2014, 2015, 2017 and 2019.
What does "supermoon" mean exactly? And how special was the March 19, 2011 supermoon?
The word "supermoon" didn?t come from astronomy. Instead, it came from astrology (占星學(xué)). In 1979, astrologer Richard Nolle defined it as a new or full moon which occurs at or near its closest point to the earth in its orbit. In short, the earth, moon and sun are all in a line, with the moon at its nearest point to the earth.
And the full moon of March 19, 2011 was the largest moon of that year. This "supermoon" was at perigee (近地點(diǎn))—its closest point to the earth in its orbit. It was bigger and brighter than other full moons of 2011. Astronomers call this sort of close full moon a perigee full moon.
??? That doesn?t sound very special, does it? In fact, the March 2011 full moon lined up much closer to perigee than Nolle?s original definition. But were you able to notice with your eyes alone that this full moon was bigger or brighter than usual? Astronomers said no. But it was fun to stand outside under this full moon and know that the moon was closer than ever.
??? In 2019, there were three supermoons. The first supermoon of 2019 was the Super Blood Wolf Moon on January 21, which occurred with a total lunar eclipse (月全食) at the same time, also known as a "blood moon". The second supermoon of 2019 was on February 19, also called the Snow Moon, which was the closest full moon of the year. The third and final supermoon of 2019, known by Native Americans as the Worm Moon, occurred on March 21. It fell on the day of the vernal equinox (春分), which signals the end of winter and the beginning of spring.
8. What type of moon is a "supermoon"?
A. A full moon. B. A new moon.
C. A full moon at perigee. D. Any full moon in 2011.
【答案】C
【解析】本題考查細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的...a new or full moon which occurs at or near its closest point to the earth in its orbit．可知C項(xiàng)正確。根據(jù)占星家Richard Nolle的定義：出現(xiàn)在月球軌道上最靠近地球的一點(diǎn)上的新月或滿(mǎn)月或在其附近的新月或滿(mǎn)月被稱(chēng)作“超級(jí)月亮”。故選C項(xiàng)。
9. What do we know about the supermoon of March 2011?
A. It was the first full moon in 2011.
B. It was in the closest orbit to the sun.
C. It was brighter than any other full moon in 2011.
D. It was at its furthest point to the earth.
【答案】C
【解析】本題考查細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段It was bigger and brighter than other full moons of 2011．可知，2011年3月的超級(jí)月亮比2011年的任何一次滿(mǎn)月都要明亮。故選C項(xiàng)。
10. What can we learn from the underlined sentences in the fifth paragraph about a supermoon and an ordinary full moon?
A. They can appear in the sky at the same time.
B. Only astronomers can see them.
C. The supermoon is as large as an ordinary full moon.
D. People can?t tell the difference between them with the naked eye.
【答案】D
【解析】本題考查詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)畫(huà)線句子的意思可知：我們用肉眼無(wú)法區(qū)分“超級(jí)月亮”是否比平時(shí)的滿(mǎn)月更大、更亮，故選D項(xiàng)。
11. The third supermoon of 2019 ________.
A. was called the Super Blood Wolf Moon
B. was the closest full moon of the year
C. was found by Native Americans first
D. occurred on the day of the vernal equinox
【答案】D
【解析】本題考查細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中的It fell on the day of the vernal equinox(春分)可知，2019年第三次超級(jí)月亮發(fā)生的時(shí)間恰恰在春分這一天。故選D項(xiàng)。
D
??? ? Messages in honor of Stan Lee are pouring in on social media and other online sites.
???? Lee is the creator of famous comic book (連環(huán)漫畫(huà)) characters, including Spider-Man, the Hulk, Black Panther and others. He died in Los Angeles, California, Monday. He was 95 years old. Marvel Entertainment and its parent company, Walt Disney, posted a video about the late writer, editor and publisher on their websites. Disney chairman and chief Bob Iger said Lee is "a super hero in his own right to Marvel fans around the world." He compared Lee to his comic book characters with "the power to inspire, to entertain, and to connect."
???? Lee was born Stanley Martin Leiber in New York City. He began writing for comic books at 19. He wrote under the name Stan Lee. He explained that he used a false name because he wanted to write a serious and great piece of literature someday. He did not want his link with comic books to be known when that happened. But it never did happen. As the pride in his work grew, he decided to legally change his name to Stan Lee.
???? Lee's comic book heroes stand apart from its competitor DC, the company that produced the seemingly perfect heroes like Superman and Wonder Woman. Lee's character often had super power, but they also had weaknesses and moral (道德的) failings. In a piece for Marvel in 1969, Lee discussed the importance of creating these balanced characters. Nobody is all good, or all bad, he wrote, like Tony Stark, also known as Iron Man. He is a deeply gifted inventor with serious mental health issues; or, Peter Parker, a sensitive, brainy high-school student who has no idea how to deal with the frightening abilities he gets from the bite of a radioactive spider. Even Steve Rogers, whose Captain America was the most Superman-like of the Marvel group, had problems. Rejected as a candidate for the armed forces, he volunteers to take a "supersoldier" substance to make him a super-fighting machine.
???? Actor Chris Evans has played that character in several Hollywood films. He posted a tribute (悼念) to Captain America's creator on Twitter Monday."There will never be another Stan Lee," he wrote. Actor, writer and funny man Seth Rogen never played one of Lee's characters but he remembered him with thanks in a Tweet."Thank you Stan Lee for making people who feel different realize they are special," he wrote.
12. Stan Lee created many famous comic character, except ________.
A. Iron Man B. Superman
C. Captain America D. Spider Man
【答案】B
【解析】本題考查細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文中Lee is the creator of famous comic book (連環(huán)漫畫(huà)) characters, including Spider-Man, the Hulk, Black Panther and others.和He is a deeply gifted inventor with serious mental health issues; or, Peter Parker, a sensitive, brainy high-school student who has no idea how to deal with the frightening abilities he gets from the bite of a radioactive spider. Even Steve Rogers, whose Captain America was the most Superman-like of the Marvel group, had problems.可知，Stan Lee創(chuàng)作了鋼鐵俠、美國(guó)隊(duì)長(zhǎng)和蜘蛛俠這些著名的動(dòng)漫人物，他并沒(méi)有創(chuàng)作超人，故選B項(xiàng)。
13. Stan lee wrote comic books under a false name because ________.
A. he wanted to be famous for the false name
B. he didn't want to be known as a comic book writer
C. he wanted his name to be linked with his comic books
D. he didn't want to be known as a serious literature writer
【答案】B
【解析】本題考查細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文中He explained that he used a false name because he wanted to write a serious and great piece of literature someday. He did not want his link with comic books to be known when that happened. But it never did happen. As the pride in his work grew, he decided to legally change his name to Stan Lee.可知，他用一個(gè)假的名字因?yàn)樗幌胱屓藗冎浪且粋€(gè)連環(huán)漫畫(huà)家，故選B項(xiàng)。
14. Which of the following best describes the heroes in Lee's comics?
A. They are good at making people feel special
B. They are moral figures without weak points
C. They are more balanced characters than DC heroes
D. They are seemingly perfect heroes with super powers
【答案】C
【解析】本題考查細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文中Lee's character often had super power, but they also had weaknesses and moral (道德的) failings. In a piece for Marvel in 1969, Lee discussed the importance of creating these balanced characters.可知，在他的漫畫(huà)書(shū)里人物角色往往是更加平衡的，既有超能力又有一些弱點(diǎn)，故選C項(xiàng)。
15. What is the author's purpose in writing the text?
A. To remember a great cartoonist
B. To introduce marvel comic heroes
C. To encourage studies on comics
D. To promote products of marvel
【答案】A
【解析】本題考查推理判斷題。通讀文章可知，本篇文章主要介紹了漫威英雄斯坦李及其作品，讓我們來(lái)懷念一位真正的卡通藝術(shù)大師，故選A項(xiàng)。
第二節(jié) （共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿(mǎn)分12.5分）
根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。
Get out your shovels, your seeds, and your soils-it?s almost April 22. Here are several ways to celebrate Earth Day with your kids.
?Plant a tree.
??? Since the first Earth Day in 1970, planting trees has been a traditional way of celebrating the holiday. Try planting one in your own backyard, or attending a local tree-planting event. In its lifetime, that single tree will absorb approximately one ton of carbon dioxide. ? ? ?(16)? ? ? ?.
?Spend the day without a car.
??? ? ? ? (17)? ? ? ?. Yet, challenge yourself to make your way through the day without hopping in the car. Walking, biking, or catching the bus will keep your carbon dioxide emission down and show the kids there are other fun ways of traveling.
?Take a walk in nature.
??? Perhaps the most obvious Earth Day activity is a nature walk. Make a list of things you?d like to find and check them out on your walk. ? ? ?(18)? ? ? ?. Go through the colors of the rainbow and try and find an object in that color on your walk.
?Attend a community activity.
??? Show your kids it?s not just Morn and Dad who care about Earth Day. Tons of people will show up for local events as well! ? ? ?(19)? ? ? ?. We guarantee you will find some activities like park cleanup, recycling demos, or tree-planting ceremony.
?? ? ? ?(20)? ? ??.
??? When it comes to taking care of Earth, we all need to do our share.Take your kids to the local playground and give them each a pair of gloves and a small garbage bag. Task them with picking up scraps of trash as fast as they can-whoever fills in their bag first, wins. Once you get back home, enjoy some Earth Day movies.
A．Play the clean-up game
B．Remember that every day can be Earth Day
C．If you don?t feel like making a list, try a color search
D．Check out your newspaper in the week leading up to the holiday
E．On Earth Day, we realize what we can do to preserve our natural resources
F．And there are a lot more surprising facts about trees you can share with your kids
G. Depending on where you live, this will bring varying degrees of problems to travel
16.【答案】F
【解析】根據(jù)本段的小標(biāo)題可知，本段主要介紹了種樹(shù)的這個(gè)活動(dòng)。F項(xiàng)出現(xiàn)關(guān)鍵詞trees。故選F項(xiàng)。
17.【答案】G
【解析】根據(jù)本段小標(biāo)題可知，本段主要介紹了過(guò)一天不開(kāi)車(chē)的生活。再根據(jù)后句Yet, challenge yourself to make your way through the day without hopping in the car．可知G項(xiàng)“根據(jù)你居住在哪里，這會(huì)給你的旅行帶來(lái)不同程度的問(wèn)題”符合語(yǔ)境，與后句構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。故選G項(xiàng)。
18.【答案】C
【解析】根據(jù)前句Make a list of things you?d like to find and check them out on your walk．（把你想找的事物列個(gè)清單，在散步的時(shí)候，核查一下）可知C項(xiàng)承接上文，又與下文colors呼應(yīng)，故選C項(xiàng)。
19.【答案】D
【解析】本段主要介紹了要參加一些社區(qū)的活動(dòng)。由前句Tons of people will show up for local events as well!可知很多人都會(huì)參加當(dāng)?shù)氐幕顒?dòng)。D項(xiàng)表示瀏覽一下報(bào)紙，查找當(dāng)?shù)氐幕顒?dòng)，符合語(yǔ)境。故選D項(xiàng)。
20.【答案】A
【解析】根據(jù)后面的內(nèi)容可知介紹了一個(gè)拾垃圾的小比賽。故A項(xiàng)“玩清掃垃圾的比賽”符合本段內(nèi)容。故選A項(xiàng)。
第二部分 語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分30分）
第一節(jié) （共15小題；每小題1分，滿(mǎn)分15分）
閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。
A new cafe culture is forming in and around San Francisco, California. A growing number of coffeehouses there are banning paper cups.
??? ? ? ?(21)? ? ? , they are using glass containers or creating "bring your own" cup policies. The movement started among neighborhood cafes in an effort to ? ? ?(22)? ? ? waste. Now it is gaining ? ? ?(23)? ? ? from large businesses in the city—and around the country.
??? The Blue Bottle Coffee company plans to ? ? ?(24)? ? ? using paper cups at two of its stores in 2020. The move is part of a promise to produce "zero? ? ?(25)? ? ? " by the end of the year. ? ? ?(26)? ? ? will have to bring their own cups or pay a(n) ? ? ?(27)? ? ? $3 to $5 for a reusable cup. They can keep the cup or ? ? ?(28)? ? ? it to get their money back.
??? The company's CEO, Bryan Meehan, said that the new program would help ? ? ?(29)? ? ? the company on how to expand (擴(kuò)展) its policy nationwide. He said, "We may? ? ?(30)? ? ? some business, because some of our guests won't like it, but we're prepared for that."
??? Larger coffee and fast-food businesses around the U.S. are feeling a sense of urgency to be more environmentally ? ? ?(31)? ? ? . Today's paper cups for hot drinks are not only made from paper, but they also have plastic to ? ? ?(32)? ? ? leaking (滲漏). This makes them difficult to recycle. It is unlikely that large national food and drink companies will stop using paper cups ? ? ?(33)? ? ? or ask all customers to bring their own. So they are? ? ?(34)? ? ? other solutions. Starbucks and McDonald's have ? ? ?(35)? ? ? $10 million to develop the "recyclable cup of the future". The result is expected to be recyclable and to break down naturally.
21. A. Therefore B. Moreover C. Otherwise D. Instead
【答案】D
【解析】本題考查副詞辨析。A.Therefore因此；B.Moreover而且；C.Otherwise否則；D.Instead反而。句意：相反，他們正在使用玻璃杯或者是推行“帶著你自己的”杯子政策，這里指跟平常相反，故選D項(xiàng)。
22. A. collect B. reduce C. manage D. drop
【答案】B
【解析】本題考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A.collect收集；B.reduce減少；C.manage設(shè)法做到；管理；D.drop拋。句意：這項(xiàng)運(yùn)動(dòng)開(kāi)始于為了減少垃圾的街區(qū)咖啡館。根據(jù)下文可知，他們是為了減少垃圾才這么做的，故選B項(xiàng)。
23. ?A. advice B. direction C. support D. information
【答案】C
【解析】本題考查名詞辨析。A.advice建議；B.direction方向；C.support支持；D.information消息。句意：現(xiàn)在這項(xiàng)運(yùn)動(dòng)獲得了舊金山甚至全國(guó)大企業(yè)的支持。這是有利于環(huán)境的事，應(yīng)該是“支持”，故選C項(xiàng)。
24. ?A. consider B. stop C. delay D. forgive
【答案】B
【解析】本題考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A.consider考慮；認(rèn)為；B.stop停止；阻攔；C.delay耽擱；D.forgive原諒。句意： Blue Bottle正在從小的計(jì)劃開(kāi)始，打算在2020年在它的兩個(gè)咖啡館停止使用紙杯。根據(jù)上文的...coffeehouses there are banning paper cups.可知，此處指Blue Bottle打算在2020年在它的兩個(gè)咖啡館停止使用紙杯，故選B項(xiàng)。
25. ?A. gas B. waste C. power D. energy
【答案】B
【解析】本題考查名詞辨析。A.gas汽油；B.waste廢物，垃圾；C.power權(quán)力；D.energy能量，精力。句意：此舉是承諾到今年年底實(shí)現(xiàn)零垃圾的一部分。根據(jù)上文The movement started among neighborhood cafes in an effort to reduce waste.可知，此舉是承諾到今年年底實(shí)現(xiàn)零垃圾的一部分，故選B項(xiàng)。
26. ?A. Workers B. Employers C. Customers D. Passengers
【答案】C
【解析】本題考查名詞辨析。A.Workers工人；B.Employers雇主；C.Customers顧客；D.Passengers乘客。句意：顧客必須自帶杯子，或額外支付3至5美元購(gòu)買(mǎi)可重復(fù)使用的杯子。根據(jù)下文will have to bring their own cups or pay...此處指來(lái)咖啡屋的顧客必須自帶杯子，或付錢(qián)……，故選C項(xiàng)。
27. ?A. formal B. personal C. additional D. professional
【答案】C
【解析】本題考查形容詞辨析。A.formal正式的；B.personal個(gè)人的；C.additional額外的；D.professional專(zhuān)業(yè)的。句意：顧客必須自帶杯子，或額外支付3至5美元購(gòu)買(mǎi)可重復(fù)使用的杯子。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，顧客需要額外支付3至5美元購(gòu)買(mǎi)可重復(fù)使用的杯子，故選C項(xiàng)。
28. A. return B. break C. purchase D. lend
【答案】A
【解析】本題考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A.return歸還；返回；B.break打破；C.purchase購(gòu)買(mǎi)；D.lend借出。句意：他們可以保留這個(gè)杯子，也可以把它退回來(lái)拿回他們的錢(qián)。根據(jù)后文 to get their money back.可知，顧客可以把杯子還回去把錢(qián)拿回來(lái)，故選A項(xiàng)。
29. ?A. replace B. notice C. persuade D. guide
【答案】D
【解析】本題考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A.replace代替；B.notice注意到；C.persuade說(shuō)服；D.guide向?qū)В恢笇?dǎo)。句意：該公司首席執(zhí)行官Bryan Meehan表示，新項(xiàng)目將幫助指導(dǎo)公司如何在全國(guó)范圍內(nèi)推廣該政策。根據(jù) the company on how to expand its policy nationwide可知，這個(gè)新項(xiàng)目能幫助指導(dǎo)該公司在全國(guó)范圍內(nèi)展開(kāi)它的政策，故選D項(xiàng)。
30. A. set B. create C. grasp D. lose
【答案】D
【解析】本題考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A.set設(shè)置；B.create創(chuàng)造；C.grasp抓；D.lose丟失；失去。句意：他說(shuō)：“我們可能會(huì)失去一些生意，因?yàn)橐恍┛腿藭?huì)不喜歡，但我們已經(jīng)做好了準(zhǔn)備?！备鶕?jù)下文...because some of our guests won't like it...可知，因?yàn)橐恍┛腿藭?huì)不喜歡這個(gè)政策，故公司可能會(huì)失去一些生意，故選D項(xiàng)。
31. A. friendly B. lovely C. lonely D. lively
【答案】A
【解析】本題考查形容詞辨析。A.friendly友好的；B.lovely可愛(ài)的；C.lonely孤獨(dú)的；D.lively 活潑的。句意：美國(guó)各地規(guī)模較大的咖啡和快餐企業(yè)都感到了一種更加環(huán)保的緊迫性。environmentally friendly是固定短語(yǔ)，意為“環(huán)保的”。根據(jù)上文The movement started among neighborhood cafes in an effort to?reduce?waste. 和下文Today's paper cups for hot drinks ...?difficult to recycle. 可知，美國(guó)各地規(guī)模較大的咖啡和快餐企業(yè)都感到了一種更加環(huán)保的緊迫性，故選A項(xiàng)。
32. A. enjoy B. practice C. prevent D. suggest
【答案】C
【解析】本題考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A.enjoy喜歡；享受；B.practice練習(xí)；實(shí)踐；C.prevent預(yù)防；D.suggest 建議；表明。?句意：今天的熱飲紙杯不僅是用紙做的，而且還裝有塑料以防漏水。根據(jù)they also have plastic可知，紙杯裝有塑料以防漏水，故選C項(xiàng)。
33. A. gradually B. completely C. actually D. clearly
【答案】B
【解析】本題考查副詞辨析。A.gradually逐漸地；B.completely完全地；C.actually事實(shí)上；D.clearly 清楚地。句意：那些大的國(guó)家飲食公司完全停止使用不可回收杯子或者讓顧客帶杯子是不太可能的。根據(jù)下文So they are looking for?other solutions.可知，那些大的國(guó)家飲食公司完全停止使用不可回收杯子或者讓顧客帶杯子是不太可能的，故選B項(xiàng)。
34. A. holding back B. putting away C. looking for D. bringing down
【答案】C
【解析】本題考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。與前面的are構(gòu)成現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)。A.holding back阻止；B.putting away收好；C.looking for尋找；D.bringing down 降低。句意：所以他們?cè)趯ふ移渌慕鉀Q方案。根據(jù)上文It is unlikely that ...bring their own. 可知，那些大的國(guó)家飲食公司完全停止使用不可回收杯子或者完全讓顧客帶杯子是不太可能的，所以他們正在尋找新的解決方法，故選C項(xiàng)。
35. A. saved B. earned C. cost D. paid
【答案】D
【解析】本題考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A.saved挽救；節(jié)省；B.earned掙；賺；C.cost花費(fèi)；D.paid支付。句意：星巴克和麥當(dāng)勞已經(jīng)支付了1000萬(wàn)美元來(lái)開(kāi)發(fā)未來(lái)可回收的杯子。根據(jù)后文to develop the recyclable cup of the future可知，此處指星巴克和麥當(dāng)勞已經(jīng)支付了1000萬(wàn)美元來(lái)開(kāi)發(fā)未來(lái)可回收的杯子。且此句主語(yǔ)是Starbucks and McDonald's，因此用pay，排除cost，故選D項(xiàng)。
第二節(jié) （共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿(mǎn)分15分）
閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。
The coronavirus pandemic has so far swept the world. Social distance is playing an important role in the battle ? ? ?(36)? ? ?it. Recently, some companies launched an initiative (倡議) to call for people ? ? ?(37)? ? ?(stay) indoors through creative ideas.
Coca-cola, for example, ran an advertisement in New York?s Times Square last month. It ? ? ?(38)? ? ?(show) the letters of its famous brand placed further away from each other to represent social distance. Also, ? ? ?(39)? ? ?the billboard displayed was this- "Staying apart is the best way to stay ? ? ?(40)? ? ?(unite)." Similarly, McDonald?s moved the two iconic arches of its logo away from each other on ? ? ?(41)? ? ?(it) Brazilian Facebook page.
??? More ? ? ?(42)? ? ?(interesting), some artists have even reimagined brands. A director Jure Tovrljan added a mask to Starbucks? double-tailed mermaid (美人魚(yú)). By doing so, he wanted to encourage people to wear masks when ? ? ?(43)? ? ?(go) out in public places.
??? ? ? ?(44)? ? ?these initiatives are only posted online, they are still "a positive move encouraging people to reduce ? ? ?(45)? ? ?(necessary) physical contact with others", China Daily noted.
36.【答案】against
【解析】本題考查介詞。句意：社交距離在對(duì)抗疫情的戰(zhàn)斗中起著重要的作用。根據(jù)句意，應(yīng)是介詞against，意思為“對(duì)抗，防御”，the battle against與……的斗爭(zhēng)。故填against.
37.【答案】to stay?
【解析】本題考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：最近，一些公司通過(guò)創(chuàng)意發(fā)起了號(hào)召人們待在家里的倡議。call for sb. to do號(hào)召某人做……。故填to stay.
38.【答案】showed?
【解析】本題考查一般過(guò)去時(shí)。句意：它把自己著名品牌的字母彼此相隔一定距離，以此表示社交距離。根據(jù)前句的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，可知此處應(yīng)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。故填showed.
39.【答案】what
【解析】本題考查主語(yǔ)從句。句意：而且，廣告牌所展示的是，分開(kāi)是保持團(tuán)結(jié)的最好方式。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，此處引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句，在從句中作displayed的賓語(yǔ)，因此用what引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句，意思為“……東西/事情”。故填what.
40.【答案】united
【解析】本題考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。?stay是系動(dòng)詞，應(yīng)接形容詞作表語(yǔ)；此處是形容詞united，意思為“統(tǒng)一的，團(tuán)結(jié)的”。故填united.
41.【答案】its
【解析】本題考查代詞用法。此處指麥當(dāng)勞的，用形容詞性物主代詞，意思為“它的”修飾名詞page.故填its。
42.【答案】interestingly
【解析】本題考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。修飾句子，用副詞形式，interesting有趣的，形容詞，其副詞是interestingly，故填interestingly.
43.【答案】going
【解析】本題考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處是狀語(yǔ)從句的省略，go的邏輯主語(yǔ)為people，并且與people之間為邏輯上的主動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以用現(xiàn)在分詞。故填going.
44.【答案】Though/Although/While??
【解析】本題考查狀語(yǔ)從句。句意：《中國(guó)日?qǐng)?bào)》指出，雖然這些創(chuàng)意只在網(wǎng)上發(fā)布，這仍然是一個(gè)積極的舉措，鼓勵(lì)人們減少不必要的身體接觸。根據(jù)句意，兩個(gè)句子之間為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，因此用Though/Although/While引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句，意思為“雖然”，位于句首，首字母需要大寫(xiě)。故填Though/Although/While.
45.【答案】unnecessary
【解析】本題考查構(gòu)詞法。句意：《中國(guó)日?qǐng)?bào)》指出，雖然這些創(chuàng)意只在網(wǎng)上發(fā)布，這仍然是一個(gè)積極的舉措，鼓勵(lì)人們減少不必要的身體接觸。上文提出social distancing，因此是提倡減少“不必要的”身體接觸，用形容詞作定語(yǔ)，修飾名詞短語(yǔ)physical contact.un-是否定前綴，故填unnecessary.
第三部分 寫(xiě)作（共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分40分）
第一節(jié) （滿(mǎn)分15分）
最近你校就“狼來(lái)了”這則寓言故事及其寓意展開(kāi)討論，對(duì)此大家踴躍發(fā)表各自的看法。請(qǐng)你根據(jù)下面所給的要點(diǎn)，給《21世紀(jì)報(bào)》高中生版的“Your Words”欄目寫(xiě)一篇英文稿件。
要點(diǎn)如下：
(1)該故事的寓意；
(2)怎樣做一個(gè)誠(chéng)信的學(xué)生（舉例說(shuō)明）；
(3)你的看法（誠(chéng)信的重要性）。
需要注意：
(1)詞數(shù)80左右；
(2)可適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)以使行文連貫；
(3)開(kāi)頭已為你寫(xiě)好。
Almost all of us heard the story "Here Comes the Wolf" when we were little kids.______
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】? ?
Almost all of us heard the story "Here Comes the Wolf" when we were little kids.?What we can learn from the story is that we must be honest and telling a lie is terrible.
As students, honesty is especially important. By giving honest answers to questions in an exam, not only can we learn about our own strengths and weaknesses in our study, but we can help our teachers evaluate our study as well. Therefore, we can make great progress in our study.
Besides, we should finish our homework independently and return the book when it is due. If we promise to do something, we should keep our word and try our best to do it well.
As far as I?m concerned, honesty is a good virtue. People who are honest can always gain others? respect.A liar is always looked down upon and once you lie, people will never believe you even if you speak the truth.Only in an honest way are we able to make more friends and gain their cooperation to achieve our goals.
【解析】
【思路點(diǎn)撥】
這是一篇提綱作文，根據(jù)題干提示寫(xiě)一篇英文稿件。本文主要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)和第一
人稱(chēng)來(lái)寫(xiě)作。在寫(xiě)作中要注意銜接緊密，過(guò)渡自然，相互照應(yīng)，細(xì)節(jié)處理要恰當(dāng)，語(yǔ)言使用要規(guī)范。
【亮點(diǎn)詞匯】
①tell a lie說(shuō)謊；
②make great progress取得很大進(jìn)步；
③keep one's word信守諾言；
④look down upon看不起。
【高分句型】
1.What we can learn from the story is that we must be honest and telling a lie is terrible.（what引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句；that引導(dǎo)的表語(yǔ)從句；and連接并列句）
2.By giving honest answers to questions in an exam, not only can we learn about our own strengths and weaknesses in our study, but we can help our teachers evaluate our study as well.（not only...but引導(dǎo)的倒裝句）
3.People who are honest can always gain others? respect.（who引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句）
4.A liar is always looked down upon and once you lie, people will never believe you even if you speak the truth.（and連接并列句；once引導(dǎo)的條件狀語(yǔ)從句；even if引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語(yǔ)從句）
5.Only in an honest way are we able to make more friends and gain their cooperation to achieve our goals.（Only引導(dǎo)的倒裝句）
【結(jié)構(gòu)布局】
1.引言：首先點(diǎn)明主題。
2.中心：說(shuō)明做一個(gè)誠(chéng)信的學(xué)生。
3.結(jié)尾：你的看法。
第二節(jié) （滿(mǎn)分25分）
閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開(kāi)頭語(yǔ)續(xù)寫(xiě)兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。續(xù)寫(xiě)的詞數(shù)應(yīng)為 150 左右。
Robert and Henry were two friends in the same class. They always played together and went home together. One day Robert and Henry were going home from school, when, on turning a corner, Robert cried out, “A fight! Let’s go and see!”
“No,” said Henry. “Let us go quietly home and not meddle with(插手) this quarrel. We have nothing to do with it and may get into?trouble. Also our parents are expecting to have dinner with us together at home and I don’t want them to worry about me. ”
“You are a coward（懦夫）, and afraid to go,” said Robert, and off he ran. Henry went straight home, and in the afternoon went to school as usual.
But Robert had told all the boys that Henry was a coward, and they laughed at him a great deal. From then on, they looked down upon Henry and didn’t want to play with him together.
Henry was sad but he wasn’t angry with Robert for his rude behavior, because he learned that true courage is shown most in bearing misunderstanding when it was not deserved, and that he ought to be afraid of nothing but doing wrong. Thus, he just ignored the other boys’ laughter and continued to go to school and study as well. However, Robert didn’t invite Henry to go home with him anymore. Instead, he had some other boys who also thought Henry was a coward. Every day after school, they didn’t go home directly but went to the river or somewhere to play games and had a lot of fun.
A few days later, Robert was bathing with his new friends in a river, and got out of his depth. He struggled, and screamed for help, but all in vain（徒勞）. The boys who had called Henry a coward got out of the water as fast as they could, but they did not even try to help him.
注意：
1)所續(xù)寫(xiě)短文的詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右；
2)續(xù)寫(xiě)部分分為兩段，每段的開(kāi)頭語(yǔ)已為你寫(xiě)好。
Paragraph 1:
Robert?was?fast?sinking. _______________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2:
Thus,?Robert’s life was saved. _________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】?
? Robert was fast sinking. It seemed as if Robert would be drowned. Just at the moment, Henry happened to be passing by. Hearing the screams, Henry ran to the riverside, threw off his clothes and jumped into the water without hesitation. He reached Robert just as he was sinking the last time. By great effort, and with much danger to himself, he brought Robert to the shore.
? ? Thus, Robert's life was saved. Robert and his new friends were ashamed at having called Henry a coward. They realized that Henry had true courage. They said sorry to Henry for their rude behavior and asked for his forgiveness. Henry forgave them happily. He and Robert were friends again and they went home together as usual. From this, Robert learned what true courage was: never be afraid to do good, but always fear to do evil.
【解析】
【原文大意】
本文以事件為線索展開(kāi)，講述了亨利被他的朋友羅伯特和同學(xué)誤會(huì)為懦夫，他們孤立亨利, 最后羅伯特溺水，同學(xué)中卻沒(méi)有人勇敢救他的故事。
【段落續(xù)寫(xiě)】
①由第一段段首內(nèi)容“羅伯特正快速下沉”可知，第一段可以寫(xiě)羅伯特溺水的場(chǎng)景以及亨利救他的過(guò)程。
②由第二段首句內(nèi)容“因此，羅伯特被救”可知，第二段可描寫(xiě)羅伯特被救后大家對(duì)亨利的愧疚，道歉以及最終領(lǐng)悟到勇氣的真諦。
【續(xù)寫(xiě)線索】
羅伯特下沉——亨利路過(guò)救援——羅伯特被救——大家慚愧道歉和原諒——大家領(lǐng)悟勇敢的真諦
【詞匯激活】
行為類(lèi)
①跑去：run to/rush to/race to
②意識(shí)到：realize/be aware of sth./ come to one's mind
情緒類(lèi)
①慚愧：be ashamed at/feel guilty about/say sorry to/ask for forgiveness
②開(kāi)心：forgave them happily/joyfully/with a smile
【高分句型】
1.Hearing the screams, Henry ran to the riverside, threw off his clothes and jumped into the water without hesitation.?（現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語(yǔ)）
2.From this, Robert learned what true courage was: never be afraid to do good, but always fear to do evil.（what引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句）

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高中英語(yǔ)人教版 (2019)必修 第三冊(cè)電子課本

Unit 2 Morals and Virtues

版本： 人教版 (2019)

年級(jí)： 必修 第三冊(cè)

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