?2022年高考英語新材料仿真模擬押題卷06（全國乙卷）
英 語
注意事項(xiàng)：
1. 答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)填寫在答題卡上
2. 回答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑，如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)，回答非選擇題時(shí)，將答案寫在答題卡上，寫在本試卷上無效、
3. 考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回.

第一部分 聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）
做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上.
第一節(jié)（共5小題：每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）
聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。
每段對話僅讀一遍。
1．（2022·湖南·岳陽一中二模）What do we learn from the conversation？
A．William is not interested in the scholarship.
B．No one wants the scholarship.
C．William really wants the scholarship.
【答案】C
【原文】
W: Does William really want the scholarship he’s applied for？
M: No one wants the scholarship more than William.
2．（2022·湖南·岳陽一中二模）Where did this conversation most probably take place？
A．In a kitchen B．In a garden C．At a picnic
【答案】B
【原文】
W: These tomatoes are delicious. You must have watered them a lot.
M: Yes, I did. They ought to be ripe enough to pick by next Wednesday when we have our picnic.
3．（2022·湖南·岳陽一中二模）When will the man adjust the equipment temperature？
A．In 20 minutes. B．In 10 minutes. C．In 15 minutes.
【答案】B
【原文】
W: Remember, according to instructions, the equipment temperature needs to be turned down in 20 minutes, or else the cake will become dry.
M: All right, it’s been inside at 215 degrees for 10 minutes already. I’ll lower the temperature before you get back.
4．（2022·湖南·岳陽一中二模）What's the relationship between the speakers？
A．Colleagues. B．Husband and wife. C．Employer and employee.
【答案】A
【原文】
W：Hey, Ted. Can you help me with the plans for Sophie's birthday party?
M：Yes, but let's wait until lunch. Our boss could come back any minute, and I don't want him to see what we've been up to during working hours.
5．（2022·江蘇南京·三模）What is the man going to do?
A．Borrow some books.
B．Sign up for a library card.
C．Find some materials at the library.
【答案】A
【原文】
M: I’m sorry, but I forgot my library card. Can I give you my name and phone number instead?
W: Yes, that’s fine. I can look up your information on the computer. But you can only borrow three books at a time, I’m afraid. You’ll have to put two back.
第二節(jié)（共15小題，每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）
聽下面5段對話或獨(dú)白，每段對話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘，聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間、每段對話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。
（2022·河北保定·一模）聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。
6．Where does this conversation take place?
A．In the kitchen. B．In the office. C．On the phone.
7．What is Sammy's problem?
A．Her sink doesn't work. B．Her kitchen is flooded. C．Her apartment is in need of repair.
8．Why are the repairmen unavailable now?
A．They are on holiday. B．They've been sent out. C．They are busy making calls.
【答案】6．C 7．A 8．B
【原文】
W: Hello, may I speak with the apartment manager?
M: This is apartment manager speaking. How can I help you?
W: Hello, manager. Sammy here. I'm in apartment 10. My kitchen sink is blocked up and I need you to send a repairman as soon as possible.
M: All right. I'll send one tomorrow.
W: I'd appreciate it if you could send me someone to fix it today. The sink is all backed up. I can't do the dishes...
M: I understand your problem, Sammy. But, I really can't help. All the repairmen are out on calls right now.
W: Well, OK then. But, could you send someone later today if one becomes available? It's really a bother.
M: Sure. I will. But you're first on the list tomorrow morning if one doesn't.
W: Thanks. I appreciate it.
（2022·河北保定·一模）聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。
9．What are the speakers doing?
A．Visiting a shoe store. B．Talking about fashion. C．Looking for a dress.
10．What does the woman think of the price?
A．Too low. B．Too high. C．Reasonable.
【答案】9．A 10．B
【原文】
W: This is a great shoe store. Look at all these shoes!
M: I know. There are so many colors and styles. What kind of shoes are you looking for?
W: I need a new pair of dress shoes.
M: What about this pair? They are really fashionable.
W: They are nice. How much do they cost?
M: They cost $250.
W: What? They're not that nice!
（2022·安徽·模擬預(yù)測）聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。
11．When did the speakers' parents get married?
A．15 years ago. B．30 years ago. C．35 years ago.
12．What will the speakers do for the wedding anniversary?
A．Send their parents on a trip.
B．Have a little wedding ceremony.
C．Invite some new friends to a party.
13．Who will send out the invitation emails?
A．The man. B．The woman. C．Mom and Dad.
【答案】11．C 12．B 13．B
【原文】
W: Mom and Dad's 35th wedding anniversary is coming up.
M: Is it? When?
W: It's on the 15th of December. I think we should do something special for them.
M: Like what?
W: We could have a surprise party for them and have a little wedding celebration, or we could send them to a bed and breakfast(住宿加早餐)for a weekend.
M: What do you mean by "little wedding celebration"?
W: It's when you invite all the people who were at their first wedding celebration to watch them say everything again. I went to one like this once, and everyone had a good time.
M: Sounds great! We can do this. Do you think we could organize it by December?
W: It can't be that hard. Mom organized my wedding for me in a month!
M: You're right. Who should we invite?
W: I can copy Mom's address book and send out some emails. I'm sure some of Mom and Dad's friends would be willing to help us.
M: OK, let's talk to the others tonight at dinner about it.
（2022·安徽·模擬預(yù)測）聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。
14．How does the woman feel about her job?
A．Unhappy. B．Satisfied. C．Worried.
15．What does the man do for a living?
A．He is a doctor. B．He owns his business. C．He works as a lawyer.
16．When will the woman take some time off?
A．In the spring. B．In the winter. C．In the autumn.
【答案】14．A 15．B 16．B
【原文】
M: Long time no see. You must be busy lately. I heard you were changing jobs.
W: I was going to leave my job, but they promoted me instead. At first I was excited, but now I think I made the wrong decision.
M: Why is that?
W: Since my pay raise, they have been making me work longer hours.
M: That’s why I work for myself. I set my own schedule, and I don’t answer to anyone. You can always come to work for me selling cars.
W: I should have become a doctor like my father. They are much more respected than lawyers.
M: Well, I respect you. You know what? You should plan a trip for the summer. It will give you a chance to relax.
W: I would love to, but I am saving up all my vacation time for Christmas.
（2022·河北保定·一模）聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。
17．What does the man ask the woman to do?
A．Hold a meeting. B．Cancel the meeting. C．Change the meeting time.
18．At what time will the man present his report?
A．At 9. B．At 11. C．At 12.
19．What does the woman probably do?
A．A manager. B．A typist. C．A secretary.
20．What will the woman do next?
A．Go for a weekend. B．Send an email to everyone. C．Prepare a report for the man.
【答案】17．C 18．A 19．C 20．B
【原文】
M: Hi, Anna. Do you have a minute to talk about the meeting next Tuesday?
W: Sure. We said 11:00, didn’t we?
M: Yeah, we did. But I have a bit of problem with the time. Would it be possible to move it?
W: Oh, I see. We could postpone it to the afternoon, to 1 p.m., for example. Or bring it forward to earlier in the morning. What would suit you?
M: Could we make it 9 o’clock? That would really help me. I have another important meeting in the central office at 12.
W: No problem. It’s important you’re there.
M: Thanks a lot, Anna.
W: Do you need help with any preparation? Did you get the agenda I sent out?
M: Yes, I did. And no, that’s all fine, thanks. My report is ready and I’m looking forward to presenting it.
W: Great.
M: I can tell Sven about the time change. I’ll see him later.
W: Don’t worry about telling Sven. I'll send an email to everyone to confirm the time has changed and with an updated meeting invite.
M: Great. Thanks, Anna.
W: OK. I’m happy that works for you. We really need you there and it’s good we don’t have to cancel it.
M: See you then. Have a good weekend in the meantime.
W: You too.
第二部分 閱讀理解 （共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）
第一節(jié)（共15小題：每小題2分，滿分30分）
閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。
A
（2022·海南·模擬預(yù)測）Though the following ski resorts (旅游勝地) listed are less well-known, going skiing there is exciting for everyone this season.
Bear Valley, CA
Bear Valley is one of the less well-known ski resorts in California when compared to popular resorts like Mammoth Mountain and Squaw Valley. This ski area has runs that satisfy the needs of nearly everyone with or without experience. Skiers will find 1, 280 acres of skiable areas with an average annual snowfall of over 350 inches. The summit is at an elevation (海拔) of 8, 500 feet and has a 1, 900-foot vertical drop. There are even snowcat tours that take adventurous skiers to the terrain (地帶) that is harder to access but less tracked.
Jay Peak, VT
Located in Jay, Vermont, Jay Peak is the snowiest ski area on the east coast, averaging 355 inches of snowfall annually. The mountain has 2 peaks and over 50 miles of skiable terrain. Jay Peak’s ski area has a top elevation of 3, 968 feet and a vertical rise of 2, 153 feet. There are 76 trails and 8 lifts over an area of 385 acres. Jay Peak is known for its challenging terrain and good backcountry skiing. The peak is best known for getting some of the most snow on the East Coast.
Big Mountain, MT
Located outside the town of Whitefish, which offers plenty of fun after a long day of skiing, Big Mountain has over 3, 000 acres of terrain, with almost 100 marked trails and plenty of bowl and tree skiing. Big Mountain gets 300 inches of annual average snowfall. Skiers will find a summit elevation at over 6, 800 feet, and a vertical drop of almost 2, 500 feet.
Schweitzer Mountain, ID
Schweitzer Mountain is one of Idaho’s greatest skiing treasures. Visitors will enjoy the views of Lake Pend Oreille, and can visit the lovely town of Sandpoint after a long day of enjoying the snow. The mountain has over 2, 900 skiable acres, and the highest elevation is at 6, 400 feet. There is an annual average snowfall of 300 inches, and over 90 trails. Schweitzer even has open bowl skiing, cat skiing, and even night skiing.
21．What makes Bear Valley, CA special?
A．It is the snowiest ski area. B．It has a very splendid history.
C．It is the hardest for skiers to access. D．It suits skiers of any experience level.
22．Which resort provides the night skiing?
A．Bear Valley, CA． B．Jay Peak, VT.
C．Big Mountain, MT. D．Schweitzer Mountain, ID．
23．For whom is the text intended?
A．Ski fans. B．Environmental scientists.
C．Geography researchers. D．Mountain climbers.
【答案】21．D 22．D 23．A
【解析】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文，主要講的是四個(gè)滑雪勝地的相關(guān)情況。
21．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Bear Valley, CA部分的介紹“This ski area has runs that satisfy the needs of nearly everyone with or without experience.(這個(gè)滑雪場的雪道可以滿足幾乎所有人的需求，無論有沒有經(jīng)驗(yàn)。)”可知，該滑雪場有適合任何經(jīng)驗(yàn)水平的滑雪者的滑道。故選D。
22．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Schweitzer Mountain, ID部分的介紹“Schweitzer even has open bowl skiing, cat skiing, and even night skiing.(Schweitzer甚至有露天滑雪，貓式滑雪，甚至夜間滑雪。)”可知，Schweitzer Mountain，ID提供夜間滑雪的選擇。故選D。
23．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段的“Though the following ski resorts (旅游勝地) listed are less well-known, going skiing there is exciting for everyone this season.(雖然下面列出的滑雪勝地名氣不大，但這個(gè)季節(jié)去那里滑雪對每個(gè)人來說都是令人興奮的。)”可知，本文主要介紹了幾處鮮為人知的滑雪勝地，由此可判斷本文的受眾主要是滑雪愛好者。故選A。
B
（2022·河南·安陽市第二中學(xué)二模）Melanie Perkins is co-founder of Canva, which allows users to create graphic designs for free in its simplest version, from social media posts to professional presentations.
The Canva journey started back in 2007, when Perkins was studying at the University of Western Australia. At that time she was teaching students how to use programs like InDesign and Photoshop. Students found the programs hard to learn, and even harder to use. She imagined the future of design would be entirely different. It would be online and very simple.
Perkins got the idea of creating a great new product. At the time, it was just a dream; after all, she and Cliff Obrecht, another co-founder of the company, were just university students with no funding and no technical or entrepreneurial (創(chuàng)業(yè)的) knowledge need to create the product and the company.
However, what Melanie and her then friend Obrecht ( now husband ) did have was determination. They took the plunge and created their first design start-up called Fusion Books. It was an easy online platform for designing high school yearbooks. That turned out to be a success, and gave them wings for the next step: Canva.
However, they needed funding. Finding the right people took two years but there was always a lot of rejection for entrepreneurs in their early days, But every time they got a hard question or a reason why people wouldn’t invest, they stayed focused on what they could change. “The normal thing to do after your 100th, 80th or even 20th' no' would be to stop, but you just have to insist trying,” Melanie said.
A key person in getting Canva of the ground was Cameron Adams, an ex-Google employee who brought the technical expertise they needed.
Now Canva is a global business, but neither Perkins nor Obrecht considers that they have collected a fortune just for themselves. They want to do as much good as possible with their money.
24．What inspired Perkins to create an easy design system?
A．The success of her Fusion Books.
B．The need she saw from students.
C．Her then friend Obrecht’s encouragement.
D．A university program she attended.
25．What difficulty did Perkins meet at first?
A．She was short of money.
B．No one supported her.
C．She lacked confidence.
D．She couldn’t find a worker.
26．Which of the following words can best describe Perkins?
A．Easy-going. B．Responsible.
C．Energetic. D．Business-minded.
27．What can we learn from Perkins’ story?
A．Never give up. B．Be true to others.
C．Practice makes perfect. D．Every road leads to Rome.
【答案】24．B 25．A 26．D 27．A
【解析】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要介紹了全球公司Canva的聯(lián)合創(chuàng)始人梅蘭妮·帕金斯創(chuàng)辦Canva的過程及其成功后的打算。
24．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“At that time she was teaching students how to use programs like InDesign and Photoshop. Students found the programs hard to learn, and even harder to use. She imagined the future of design would be entirely different. It would be online and very simple.”（當(dāng)時(shí)她正在教學(xué)生如何使用InDesign和Photoshop等程序。學(xué)生們發(fā)現(xiàn)這些程序很難學(xué)習(xí)，甚至更難使用。她想象設(shè)計(jì)的未來完全不同。它將是在線的，非常簡單。）可知當(dāng)帕金斯在教學(xué)生們使用程序時(shí)，看到他們很難學(xué)會(huì)也很難使用這個(gè)程序，因此萌生了研發(fā)簡單的在線圖形設(shè)計(jì)程序的想法。故選B項(xiàng)。
25．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“...after all, she and Cliff Obrecht, another co-founder of the company, were just university students with no funding and no technical or entrepreneurial (創(chuàng)業(yè)的) knowledge need to create the product and the company.”（畢竟，她和該公司的另一位聯(lián)合創(chuàng)始人克利夫·奧布雷希特只是大學(xué)生，沒有資金，也沒有技術(shù)或創(chuàng)業(yè)經(jīng)驗(yàn)知識(shí)需要?jiǎng)?chuàng)造產(chǎn)品和公司。）由 “with no funding”可知，在創(chuàng)業(yè)初期他們遇到的困難之一是缺少資金。故選A項(xiàng)。
26．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“She imagined the future of design would be entirely different. It would be online and very simple.”（她想象設(shè)計(jì)的未來完全不同。它將是在線的，非常簡單。）和第三段“Perkins got the idea of creating a great new product. At the time, it was just a dream”（珀金斯想到了創(chuàng)造一個(gè)偉大的新產(chǎn)品。當(dāng)時(shí)，這只是一個(gè)夢），可知帕金斯在看到學(xué)生的需求時(shí)想到了研發(fā)簡單的程序，而且根據(jù)公司的成功可知，她有商業(yè)頭腦。故選D項(xiàng)。
27．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“However, what Melanie and her then friend Obrecht ( now husband ) did have was determination.”（然而，梅蘭妮和她當(dāng)時(shí)的朋友奧布雷希特（現(xiàn)在的丈夫）所擁有的是決心。）以及倒數(shù)第三段內(nèi)容，可知當(dāng)遇到困難時(shí)帕金斯和她的丈夫顯示出了不泄氣、不放棄、尋找方法繼續(xù)前行的品質(zhì)。故選A項(xiàng)。
B
（2022·吉林·東北師大附中模擬預(yù)測）The Royal Botanical Gardens, Kew, in the UK, are home to thousands of fascinating plants, but none are as lonely as the Encephalartos woodii, an ancient cycad (蘇鐵門植物) species and, most likely, the last one of its kind.
It was in 1895 that botanist John Wood noticed this interesting looking palm tree on a steep slope in southern Africa. Spellbound by its multiple trunks and arched palm fronds (蘇鐵類植物的葉), Dr. Wood —who made his living collecting rare plants — had some stems removed and sent to London in a box. It ended up in the Palm House at the Royal Botanical Gardens, where it has been waiting for a mate for over a century. Despite numerous efforts to find it a mate, the Encephalartos woodii at Kew remains alone, unable to produce an offspring (后代) and reproduce its species. For this reason, many consider it the world’s loneliest plant.
Two hundred million years ago, when dinosaurs still roamed the world, cycads were everywhere. They made up around 20% of plants, acted as shelter for some dinosaur species and as food supply for others. They managed to somehow survive five ice ages, adapted to coexist with new species of plants, but as time passed, their numbers dwindled. Like all other cycads, Encephalartos woodii went from numbering millions of specimens, to thousands, and today, possibly just one, a male.
Some plants have both male and female organs, but not Encephalartos woodii. Without a female specimen to produce the seeds, it can never mate.
The Encephalartos woodii is technically not the last of its kind. It has been cloned several times, and its clones can be found in several botanical gardens around the world. It can even mate with some closely related species, but it can’t produce a true offspring. It just sits there, the last of its ancient species waiting for a female species to be found somewhere on Earth. "Surely this is the loneliest organism in the world," biologist Richard Fortey once wrote, "growing older, alone, and fated to have no successors. Nobody knows how long it will live. "
28．What can we learn about the Encephalartos woodii?
A．It has been the last of its species for centuries.
B．It once was a common being with male and female organs.
C．Scientists’ efforts to produce any young of it were in vain.
D．It used to play an important role in the survival of dinosaurs.
29．What does the underlined word "dwindled" probably mean in paragraph 3?
A．Weakened. B．Declined. C．Multiplied. D．Rocketed.
30．Which of the following best describes Richard Fortey’s attitude to the plant?
A．Indifferent. B．Appreciative. C．Sympathetic. D．Tolerant.
31．What is the best title for this text?
A．The World’s Loneliest Plant B．The Last Cycad on Earth
C．The Plant That Outlived Dinosaurs D．The Ancient Cycad found by John Wood
【答案】28．D 29．B 30．C 31．A
【解析】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了世界上最孤獨(dú)的植物伍德蘇鐵。
28．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段第二句“They made up around 20% of plants, acted as shelter for some dinosaur species and as food supply for others.”(它們占植物的20%左右，是一些恐龍的庇護(hù)所，也是其他恐龍的食物來源。)可知，腦葉蘇鐵曾經(jīng)在恐龍的生存中扮演著重要的角色。故選D。
29．詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第三段最后一句“Like all other cycads, Encephalartos woodii went from numbering millions of specimens, to thousands, and today, possibly just one, a male.”(像所有其他蘇鐵一樣伍德蘇鐵從數(shù)百萬個(gè)標(biāo)本發(fā)展到數(shù)千個(gè)，今天可能只有一株雄性蘇鐵。)可知，此處是指數(shù)量上的減少，所以dwindled意為“降低，減少”。故選B。
30．推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段最后兩句““Surely this is the loneliest organism in the world,””biologist Richard Fortey once wrote, “growing older, alone, and fated to have no successors. Nobody knows how long it will live. ””(“這肯定是世界上最孤獨(dú)的生物，”生物學(xué)家理查德·福泰曾寫道，“孤獨(dú)地變老，注定沒有繼承者。”沒人知道它能活多久。”)可知，理查德·福泰對這株植物是很同情的。故選C。
31．主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“The Royal Botanical Gardens, Kew, in the UK, are home to thousands of fascinating plants, but none are as lonely as the Encephalartos woodii, an ancient cycad species and, most likely, the last one of its kind.”(英國皇家植物園邱園是數(shù)千種迷人植物的家園，但沒有一種植物像伍德蘇鐵那樣孤獨(dú)。伍德蘇鐵是一種古老的蘇鐵物種，很可能是該物種的最后一株)和最后一段最后兩句““Surely this is the loneliest organism in the world,” biologist Richard Fortey once wrote, “growing older, alone, and fated to have no successors. Nobody knows how long it will live. ””(“這肯定是世界上最孤獨(dú)的生物，”生物學(xué)家理查德·福泰曾寫道，“孤獨(dú)地變老，注定沒有繼承者?！睕]人知道它能活多久?！?可知，文章主要是講世界上最孤獨(dú)的植物伍德蘇鐵。故選A。
C
（2022·北京·一模）Colin Chapman, the founder of Lotus Cars, was one of motor racing’s most influential engineers. Between 1962 and 1978 Lotus won seven Formula One constructors championships. He summed up his philosophy as “simplify, then add lightness”. It appears to be an uncommon insight. A paper published in Nature suggests that humans struggle with subtractive(減法的) thinking. When asked to improve something, they tend to suggest adding new things rather than removing what is already there, even when additions lead to sub-par(低于標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的) results.
The research was motivated by everyday observation rather than psychological theory, says Gabrielle Adams, the paper’s first author, who cites folk wisdom such as ‘less is more’ and ‘keep it simple’. Perhaps the need for such reminders was evidence of a blind spot in people’s thinking?
Along with colleagues at the University of Virginia, Dr. Adams conducted a series of observational studies. In one, when participants were asked to alter an essay they had written, 16% cut words while 80% added them. Others gave similar results. Of 827 suggestions received by the new boss of an American university for how the institution could be improved, 581 involved adding new things and just 70 suggested removing something.
Having established that addition does indeed seem to be more popular than subtraction, the next step was to work out why. One possibility was that people were considering subtractive options, but deliberately choosing not to pursue them. Another was that they were not even thinking of them in the first place.
Let’s enter a new set of experiments. One experiment asked participants to redesign a lopsided(不平衡的) Lego structure so that it could support a house-brick. Participants could earn a dollar for fixing the problem, but each piece of Lego they added cu that reward by ten cents. Even then, only 41% worked out that simplifying the structure by removing a single block, rather than strengthening it by adding more, which was the way to maximise the payout. Another example, asking people to make a golf course worse rather than better did not change their preference for additions, which suggested that many were simply not thinking of the possibility, at least at first.
What all this amounts to, says Benjamin Converse, another of the study’s authors, is evidence for a new entry in the list of “cognitive biases” that skew(歪曲) how humans think. Instead of thinking a problem through and coming up with an ideal solution, they tend to use cognitive shortcuts that are fast and mostly “good enough”.
Such research has inspired an entire field dedicated to working out when such shortcuts lead people astray. Dr. Adams and her colleagues, meanwhile, are keen to investigate their result in more detail. One question is whether the preference for addition is inborn or learned.
32．The purpose of mentioning the story of Colin Chapman is________.
A．To attract readers’ interest B．To highlight the experience
C．To present background information D．To introduce the topic of the passage
33．What can we learn from the passage?
A．People prefer additions to subtractions in most situations.
B．People tend to use shortcuts and come up with ideal solutions.
C．Strengthening the structure is the way to maximize the payout.
D．The philosophy—“l(fā)ess is more” is well-received.
34．What are Dr. Adams and his colleagues likely to study next?
A．The benefits of subtractions.
B．The ways of changing how people think.
C．The details of the preference for addition.
D．The influence of cognitive biases on people’s thinking.
35．What does the author propose?
A．A way that people automatically think. B．A fact that people routinely forget.
C．A view that shortcuts are good enough. D．A point that addition is better.
【答案】32．D 33．A 34．C 35．B
【解析】這是一篇說明文。文章主要講述了作者對減法思維的概念進(jìn)行了解釋，并指出很多人都缺少減法思維。并分析了其中的原因，指出勤加練習(xí)可以培養(yǎng)減法思維，闡述了“少即是多”的理念。
32．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段第三句話“He summed up his philosophy as“simplify, then add lightness”.(他把自己的哲學(xué)總結(jié)為“簡化，然后增加輕松”)”可知，Colin的所提出的觀點(diǎn)和本文的主題是一致的，所以文章提到Colin就是為了介紹文章的主題。故選D。
33．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段第一句話“Having established that addition does indeed seem to be more popular than subtraction, the next step was to work out why.(在確定了加法似乎確實(shí)比減法更受歡迎之后，下一步就是找出原因)”可推知，在解決問題的時(shí)候，比起做減法，人們可能更喜歡加法。故選A。
34．推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段第二句話“Such research has inspired an entire field dedicated to working out when such shortcuts lead people astray. Dr. Adams and her colleagues, meanwhile, are keen to investigate their result in more detail. One question is whether the preference for addition is inborn or learned.(這項(xiàng)研究啟發(fā)了整個(gè)領(lǐng)域，致力于找出這種捷徑何時(shí)會(huì)讓人誤入歧途。與此同時(shí)，亞當(dāng)斯博士和她的同事們渴望更詳細(xì)地調(diào)查他們的結(jié)果。一個(gè)問題是，對加法的偏好是天生的還是后天習(xí)得的)”可推知，他們還要進(jìn)一步研究人們在尋找捷徑時(shí)什么時(shí)候才誤入的歧途，以及對加法的偏好是天生的還是后天習(xí)得的這些內(nèi)容。由此推知，下一步需要為這種偏好的研究添加更多詳細(xì)的信息。故選C。
35．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句話“When asked to improve something, they tend to suggest adding new things rather than removing what is already there, even when additions lead to sub-par(低于標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的) results.(當(dāng)被要求改進(jìn)某些東西時(shí)，他們傾向于建議添加新的東西，而不是刪除已有的東西，即使添加會(huì)導(dǎo)致低于標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的結(jié)果)”以及第第二段第一句話“The research was motivated by everyday observation rather than psychological theory, says Gabrielle Adams, the paper’s first author, who cites folk wisdom such as ‘less is more’ and ‘keep it simple’. (該研究的第一作者Gabrielle Adams說，這項(xiàng)研究是由日常觀察而非心理理論推動(dòng)的，他引用了民間智慧，比如“少即是多”和“保持簡單”)”可推知，作者在文中推崇“少即是多”的觀點(diǎn)，而這個(gè)往往是大多數(shù)人所忽視的一個(gè)事實(shí)。由此推知，作者想要告訴我們不要忘記“少即是多”這一觀點(diǎn)。故選B。
第二節(jié) （共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分）
根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。
（2022·山東青島·一模）Whether it’s painting, or sculpting tiny cupcakes out of clay, making art is good for your mind and body. ____36____ But you don’t have to be a full-time artist to get those health benefits. All you need to do is just making art. And the more you do it, the better. Here are things you need to know to start your creative art habit.
____37____ “We tend to think that only people who are very skilled at art can call themselves artists, but everyone is capable of creative expression,” says Kaimal, a leading researcher in art therapy. Her research has shown that there are no differences in health outcomes between experienced artists and green hands. ____38____
Start with what you enjoy — maybe something you’ve done before, maybe something you loved as a kid. Keep an open mind. Anything that engages your creative mind, such as finger painting, baking, knitting, etc, is good for you. And don’t feel like you have to stick to one thing. ____39____
Think about making art like any healthy habit. Just as you make time to work out, you should make time for your artistic creation. ____40____ Kaimal suggests setting up a corner table for your art supplies. Your creative corner is “kind of like a reminder,” she says. “It shows your commitment to invest in yourself and your well-being.”
A．Focus on making.
B．Let it go that you’re not an artist.
C．Mix it up — do whatever you’re in the mood for.
D．Besides time, spare a physical space in your home for art.
E．There are rules for how much time you should engage in art.
F．The act of creation can reduce stress and improve your mood.
G．So despite your skill level, you’ll feel all the good things coming with making art.
【答案】36．F 37．B 38．G 39．A 40．D
【解析】這是一篇說明文。主要說明了藝術(shù)創(chuàng)作對健康有好處，以及一些開始你的創(chuàng)造性藝術(shù)習(xí)慣的建議。
36．根據(jù)上文“Whether it’s painting, or sculpting tiny cupcakes out of clay, making art is good for your mind and body.(無論是畫畫，還是用黏土做小紙杯蛋糕，藝術(shù)對你的身心都有好處)”可知，本句承接上文具體說明藝術(shù)創(chuàng)作對身心有哪些好處。故F選項(xiàng)“創(chuàng)造的行為可以減輕壓力，改善你的心情”符合語境，故選F。
37．根據(jù)后文““We tend to think that only people who are very skilled at art can call themselves artists, but everyone is capable of creative expression,” says Kaimal, a leading researcher in art therapy. Her research has shown that there are no differences in health outcomes between experienced artists and green hands.(“我們傾向于認(rèn)為，只有非常擅長藝術(shù)的人才能稱自己為藝術(shù)家，但每個(gè)人都有創(chuàng)造性表達(dá)的能力，”藝術(shù)治療領(lǐng)域的領(lǐng)先研究人員凱馬爾說。她的研究表明，經(jīng)驗(yàn)豐富的藝術(shù)家和新手之間的健康結(jié)果沒有差異)”可知，后文提到研究表明，經(jīng)驗(yàn)豐富的藝術(shù)家和新手之間的健康結(jié)果沒有差異，可見是不是真正的藝術(shù)家并不影響創(chuàng)作，故B選項(xiàng)“你不是一個(gè)藝術(shù)家也沒關(guān)系”符合語境，故選B。
38．根據(jù)上文“Her research has shown that there are no differences in health outcomes between experienced artists and green hands.(她的研究表明，經(jīng)驗(yàn)豐富的藝術(shù)家和新手之間的健康結(jié)果沒有差異)”可知，上文提到經(jīng)驗(yàn)豐富的藝術(shù)家和新手之間的健康結(jié)果沒有差異，本句與本段最后一句，與上文構(gòu)成因果關(guān)系，指出不管藝術(shù)水平如何，都能感受藝術(shù)創(chuàng)作的好處。故G選項(xiàng)“所以不管你的技術(shù)水平如何，你會(huì)感受到藝術(shù)創(chuàng)作帶來的所有好處”符合語境，故選G。
39．根據(jù)上文“Start with what you enjoy — maybe something you’ve done before, maybe something you loved as a kid. Keep an open mind. Anything that engages your creative mind, such as finger painting, baking, knitting, etc, is good for you. And don’t feel like you have to stick to one thing.(從你喜歡的事情開始——也許是你以前做過的事情，也許是你小時(shí)候喜歡的事情。保持開放的心態(tài)。任何能激發(fā)你創(chuàng)造力的事情，比如手指畫、烘焙、編織等等，都對你有好處。不要覺得你必須堅(jiān)持一件事)”可知，上文提到從喜歡的事情開始，且不要覺得必須堅(jiān)持一件事，本句為本段最后一句，故建議專注于藝術(shù)創(chuàng)作就可以了。故A選項(xiàng)“專注于創(chuàng)作”符合語境，故選A。
40．根據(jù)后文“Kaimal suggests setting up a corner table for your art supplies. Your creative corner is “kind of like a reminder,” she says. “It shows your commitment to invest in yourself and your well-being.”(凱馬爾建議在角落里放一張桌子，放你的藝術(shù)用品。你的創(chuàng)意角落“有點(diǎn)像一個(gè)提醒，”她說。“它表明了你對投資自己和自己的幸福的承諾?！?”可知，后文提到了創(chuàng)意角落，即在家里留出欣賞藝術(shù)的空間。故D選項(xiàng)“除了時(shí)間，在家里也留點(diǎn)物理空間來欣賞藝術(shù)吧”符合語境，故選D。
第三部分 語言知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分45分）
第一節(jié)（共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分）
閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。
（2022·貴州黔東南·一模）I received a video call last month. The president announced the news; Given the____41____on university finances during the COVID-19 pandemic(流行病), he would end the geology(地質(zhì)學(xué)) department. His words ____42____ me like a ton of bricks. For 20 years, I assumed I'd always have a ____43____if I kept up my teaching and research. But the pandemic had brought ____44____effects.
Three years ago, the president had asked us for ____45____. Many of our upper-level classes were highly____46____ attracting only a handful of students. The president told us that we needed larger class ____47____and more students.
We____48____making changes. We added new elective courses on climate and medical geology,____49____hundreds of students, But we didn't _____50_____ the course requirements for geology majors, and many professors _____51_____to teach the same material in the same way. The _____52_____ of students didn't increase a lot.
Then came COVID-19. We stayed open and taught students on campus, but enrollments(注冊) continued to _____53_____. After the meeting with our president, my mind _____54_____. Two days after the president's call, I spent the weekend speaking with my colleagues and brainstorming a _____55_____Together, we imagined a_____56_____earth science course, one that would help students meet today's _____57_____. We rethought all of our courses, focusing on problems that students and their potential_____58_____care about.
We _____59_____to the future with our new vision and leave the past behind. We're not sure how the university will react to our plan. Hopefully, our efforts aren't coming too _____60_____.
41．A．stress B．a(chǎn)dvice C．progress D．focus
42．A．taught B．limited C．hit D．directed
43．A．standard B．job C．lesson D．favor
44．A．life-long B．old-fashioned C．well-meant D．long-standing
45．A．leave B．help C．money D．control
46．A．regarded B．commented C．specialized D．organized
47．A．sizes B．types C．sources D．supplies
48．A．gave up B．ended up C．heard about D．worried about
49．A．a(chǎn)dmitting B．dismissing C．a(chǎn)ttracting D．promoting
50．A．change B．record C．introduce D．recall
51．A．refused B．continued C．stopped D．forgot
52．A．level B．event C．demand D．number
53．A．fall B．exist C．a(chǎn)ppear D．delay
54．A．blanked B．settled C．faded D．raced
55．A．plan B．goal C．question D．system
56．A．common B．new C．previous D．complex
57．A．popularity B．profit C．a(chǎn)pplications D．challenges
58．A．parents B．teachers C．employers D．colleagues
59．A．object B．belong C．look D．a(chǎn)dd
60．A．far B．close C．straight D．late
【答案】41．A 42．C 43．B 44．D 45．B 46．C 47．A 48．B 49．C 50．A 51．B 52．D 53．A 54．D 55．A 56．B 57．D 58．C 59．C 60．D
【解析】本文是記敘文。新冠疫情暴發(fā)后，作者所在的地質(zhì)學(xué)系面臨被關(guān)閉的窘境。作者和同事們一起努力，對課程進(jìn)行了改革，爭取讓地質(zhì)學(xué)系生存下來。
41．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：鑒于COVID-19大流行期間大學(xué)財(cái)政的壓力，他將解散地質(zhì)學(xué)系。A. stress壓力；B. advice建議；C. progress進(jìn)步；D. focus焦點(diǎn)。根據(jù)后文“on university finances during the COVID-19 pandemic, he would end the geology department”可知，解散地質(zhì)學(xué)系是因?yàn)镃OVID-19大流行期間大學(xué)財(cái)政的壓力，故選A。
42．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：他的話給了我沉重的打擊。A. taught教學(xué)；B. limited限制；C. hit打擊；D. directed指導(dǎo)。根據(jù)后文“me like a ton of bricks”可知指對方的話給了自己沉重打擊，故選C。
43．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他的話給了我沉重的打擊：20年來，我一直以為只要我堅(jiān)持教學(xué)和研究，我就會(huì)一直有一份工作。A. standard標(biāo)準(zhǔn)；B. job工作；C. lesson課程；D. favor幫助。根據(jù)后文“if I kept up my teaching and research”可知作者一直將教學(xué)和研究當(dāng)作自己的工作。故選B。
44．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：但大流行帶來了長期影響。A. life-long終身的；B. old-fashioned老式的；C. well-meant沒有惡意的；D. long-standing長期存在的。根據(jù)上文“But the pandemic had brought”以及常識(shí)，大流行帶來了長期影響。故選D。
45．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：三年前，校長向我們求助。A. leave離開；B. help幫助；C. money錢；D. control控制。根據(jù)后文“The president told us that we needed larger class”可知三年前校長向員工求助。故選B。
46．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我們的許多高年級(jí)班都是高度專業(yè)化的，只吸引了少數(shù)學(xué)生。A. regarded看作；B. commented評(píng)論；C. specialized專門研究；D. organized組織。根據(jù)上文“Many of our upper-level classes were highly”以及后文“attracting only a handful of students”可知，許多高年級(jí)班都是高度專業(yè)化的，只吸引了少數(shù)學(xué)生。故選C。
47．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：校長告訴我們，我們需要更大的班級(jí)規(guī)模和更多的學(xué)生。A. sizes尺寸，規(guī)模；B. types類型；C. sources資源；D. supplies供應(yīng)。根據(jù)后文“and more students”可知，需要更大的班級(jí)規(guī)模和更多的學(xué)生。故選A。
48．考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：我們最終做出了改變。A. gave up放棄；B. ended up結(jié)束；C. heard about聽說；D. worried about擔(dān)心。根據(jù)后文“making changes”出于現(xiàn)實(shí)需要，他們最終做出了改變，end up doing sth.“以……結(jié)束”。故選B。
49．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我們增加了氣候和醫(yī)學(xué)地質(zhì)學(xué)方面的新選修課，吸引了數(shù)百名學(xué)生。A. admitting承認(rèn)；B. dismissing解散；C. attracting吸引；D. promoting晉升。與上文“attracting only a handful of students”相呼應(yīng)，指新課吸引了很多學(xué)生。故選C。
50．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：但是我們并沒有改變地質(zhì)學(xué)專業(yè)的課程要求，許多教授繼續(xù)用同樣的方式教授同樣的內(nèi)容。A. change改變；B. record記錄；C. introduce介紹；D. recall回想。根據(jù)后文“the course requirements for geology majors”指他們沒有改變地質(zhì)學(xué)專業(yè)的課程要求，故選A。
51．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：但是我們并沒有改變地質(zhì)學(xué)專業(yè)的課程要求，許多教授繼續(xù)用同樣的方式教授同樣的內(nèi)容。A. refused拒絕；B. continued繼續(xù)；C. stopped停止；D. forgot忘記。結(jié)合后文“to teach the same material in the same way”指許多教授繼續(xù)用同樣的方式教授同樣的內(nèi)容。故選B。
52．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：學(xué)生的人數(shù)沒有增加很多。A. level水平；B. event事件；C. demand要求；D. number數(shù)字。根據(jù)后文“of students didn't increase a lot”這里指學(xué)生的數(shù)量，應(yīng)用the number of“……的數(shù)目”。故選D。
53．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我們繼續(xù)開放并在校園內(nèi)授課，但入學(xué)人數(shù)繼續(xù)下降。A. fall落下，下降；B. exist存在；C. appear出現(xiàn)；D. delay延遲。結(jié)合上文“The 　 of students didn't increase a lot.”可知，說明入學(xué)人數(shù)繼續(xù)下降。故選A。
54．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：和我們的校長開完會(huì)后，我的腦子里飛速運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)。A. blanked空白；B. settled解決；C. faded褪色；D. raced比賽。根據(jù)后文“I spent the weekend speaking with my colleagues and brainstorming a”可知作者在腦子里想辦法應(yīng)對這種情況。故選D。
55．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在接到校長電話的兩天后，我花了整個(gè)周末和同事們討論并想出了一個(gè)計(jì)劃。A. plan計(jì)劃；B. goal目標(biāo)；C. question問題；D. system系統(tǒng)。根據(jù)上文“I spent the weekend speaking with my colleagues and brainstorming ”指和同事討論并想出了一個(gè)計(jì)劃。故選A。
56．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我們共同設(shè)想開設(shè)一門新的地球科學(xué)課程，幫助學(xué)生迎接今天的挑戰(zhàn)。A. common普通的；B. new新的；C. previous以前的；D. complex復(fù)雜的。結(jié)合后文“one that would help students meet today's”可知，要幫助學(xué)生迎接今天的挑戰(zhàn)，所以是新的課程。故選B。
57．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我們共同設(shè)想開設(shè)一門新的地球科學(xué)課程，幫助學(xué)生迎接今天的挑戰(zhàn)。A. popularity流行；B. profit利潤；C. applications申請；D. challenges挑戰(zhàn)。根據(jù)上文“one that would help students meet today's”指這門新課可以幫助學(xué)生迎接今天的挑戰(zhàn)。故選D。
58．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我們重新考慮了所有的課程，把重點(diǎn)放在學(xué)生和他們潛在的雇主關(guān)心的問題上。A. parents父母；B. teachers老師；C. employers雇主；D. colleagues同事。根據(jù)上文“focusing on problems that students and their potential”可知，課程的重點(diǎn)是學(xué)生和他們未來潛在的雇主所關(guān)心的問題，以便學(xué)以致用。故選C。
59．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我們用新的眼光展望未來，把過去拋在腦后。A. object反對；B. belong屬于；C. look看；D. add增加。根據(jù)后文“to the future with our new vision”指用新的眼光展望未來，故選C。
60．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：希望我們的努力不會(huì)來得太晚。A. far遠(yuǎn)的；B. close靠近的；C. straight直接的；D. late遲的。根據(jù)上文“We're not sure how the university will react to our plan. Hopefully, our efforts aren't coming too”可知，雖然不確定學(xué)校對作者他們的計(jì)劃會(huì)有什么反應(yīng)，但作者還是希望他們的努力不會(huì)來得太遲，還可以拯救地質(zhì)系。故選D。
第二節(jié) (共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分)
閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。
（2020·山東省青州第一中學(xué)一模）With Tokyo Summer Olympics ____61____ (approach), reports indicate that facial recognition will be used as a security measure at those games. The Japan Times reported the technology would be used to “make the entry to the stadiums simple”.
While spectators (觀眾) won’t have to receive the ____62____ (treat), athletes, officials and journalists will be screened, according to the report of The Japan Times.____63____ there were complaints of long waits, the organizing committee ____64____ (prove) the technology during the 2016 Summer Olympics in Brazil quite ____65____ (success). They hope to sort out the wait and other issues ahead of the Tokyo Games ____66____ will start in late July 2021.
NEC, the company handling the technology, also tested out their equipment at two airports and is behind a number of other similar projects,____67____ (include) software used by the Chicago Police. This technology is becoming far ____68____ (popular) and the Olympics are just the latest area to use them ____69____ security purposes. Other examples of planned or in use include robot police in China, bridges and tunnels in New York City, and more widespread uses by the FBI. Also, the technology allows you _____70_____ (use) your fancy new phone and order fast food.
【答案】61．a(chǎn)pproaching 62．treatment 63．Though##Although 64．proved 65．successful 66．that##which 67．including 68．more popular 69．for 70．to use
【解析】這是一篇新聞報(bào)道。文章介紹了面部識(shí)別將被用作奧運(yùn)會(huì)的安全措施，及其它的應(yīng)用。
61．考查現(xiàn)在分詞。句意：隨著東京夏季奧運(yùn)會(huì)的臨近，有報(bào)道稱面部識(shí)別將被用作奧運(yùn)會(huì)的安全措施?！皐ith +名詞/代詞（賓語）+非謂語動(dòng)詞（賓補(bǔ)）”是with的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)，此處用作狀語，邏輯主語Tokyo Summer Olympics和動(dòng)詞approach是主謂關(guān)系，approach用現(xiàn)在分詞表主動(dòng)，做賓補(bǔ)。故填approaching。
62．考查名詞。句意：據(jù)《日本時(shí)報(bào)》報(bào)道，雖然觀眾不必接受這種對待，但運(yùn)動(dòng)員、官員和記者將接受檢查。用抽象名詞treatment作動(dòng)詞receive的賓語。故填treatment。
63．考查讓步狀語從句。句意：盡管有人抱怨等待時(shí)間太長，但組委會(huì)在2016年巴西夏季奧運(yùn)會(huì)上證明了這項(xiàng)技術(shù)相當(dāng)成功。前后缺乏連詞，由句意可知，用though/although引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，首字母大寫。故填Though/Although。
64．考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：盡管有人抱怨等待時(shí)間太長，但組委會(huì)在2016年巴西夏季奧運(yùn)會(huì)上證明了這項(xiàng)技術(shù)相當(dāng)成功。由時(shí)間狀語“ during the 2016 Summer Olympics in Brazil ”和讓步狀語從句系動(dòng)詞were用一般過去時(shí)可知，主句謂語動(dòng)詞prove也用一般過去時(shí)。故填proved。
65．考查形容詞。句意：盡管有人抱怨等待時(shí)間太長，但組委會(huì)在2016年巴西夏季奧運(yùn)會(huì)上證明了這項(xiàng)技術(shù)相當(dāng)成功。prove sth. + adj. (證明某物是……的)，quite修飾形容詞successful，形容詞successful作賓補(bǔ)。故填successful。
66．考查定語從句關(guān)系詞。句意：他們希望在2021年7月下旬開始的東京奧運(yùn)會(huì)之前解決等待和其他問題。此處是定語從句，先行詞是the Tokyo Games，指物，在從句中作主語，用關(guān)系代詞that/which。故填that/which。
67．考查介詞。句意：處理這項(xiàng)技術(shù)的公司NEC也在兩個(gè)機(jī)場測試了他們的設(shè)備，并還有許多其他類似項(xiàng)目，包括芝加哥警方使用的軟件。介詞including (包括)符合句意。故填including。
68．考查形容詞比較級(jí)。句意：這項(xiàng)技術(shù)正變得越來越流行，奧運(yùn)會(huì)只是將其用于安全目的的最新領(lǐng)域。far +形容詞/副詞比較級(jí)，結(jié)合句意，此處用形容詞比較級(jí)more popular作表語。故填more popular。
69．考查介詞。句意：這項(xiàng)技術(shù)正變得越來越流行，奧運(yùn)會(huì)只是將其用于安全目的的最新領(lǐng)域。介詞for (為了)符合句意，表目的。故填for。
70．考查動(dòng)詞不定式。句意：此外，這項(xiàng)技術(shù)還可以讓你使用新手機(jī)，點(diǎn)快餐。固定搭配allow sb. to do sth. (允許某人干某事)，use用動(dòng)詞不定式修飾。故填to use。
第四部分 寫作（共兩節(jié)，滿分35分）
第一節(jié) 短文改錯(cuò)（共10小題；每小題1分；滿分10分）
假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語言錯(cuò)誤，每句中最多有兩處。每處錯(cuò)誤僅涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改。
增加：在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號(hào)（^），并在其下面寫出該加的詞。
刪除：把多余的詞用斜線（＼）畫掉。
修改：在錯(cuò)的詞下畫一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。
注意：1.每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均僅限一詞；
2.只允許修改10處，多者（從第11處起）不計(jì)分。
（2022·河南·模擬預(yù)測）Nowadays, more and more people have taken part in voluntary work, that is a sign of social progress. There are many different kind of voluntary activities students can participate. For instance, they can work as volunteers in a library or a book store if they were fond of reading or they can go to the nursing home to help the elderly. As the saying goes, the fragrance always stay in the hand that gives the rose. Being volunteers is of great benefit to students, give them a sense of an achievement when they are helping others. By doing voluntary work, students realize the importance of social work and enhance their social responsibility. Therefore, not all the voluntary activities are suitable for students. It is to say, the activities should be safe and easily to conduct.
【答案】1.that→which 2.kind→kinds 3.participate后加in 4.were→are 5.stay→stays 6.give→giving 7.刪除achievement前的an 8. Therefore→However 9.It→That10.easily→easy
【解析】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了學(xué)生參加志愿者活動(dòng)的好處。
1.考查定語從句。句意：目前越來越多人參加志愿者工作，這是一個(gè)社會(huì)進(jìn)步的跡象。分析可知，逗號(hào)后部分為非限制性定語從句，先行詞為前面主句，從句缺少主語，應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞which引導(dǎo)，that不能引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句。故that改為which。
2.考查名詞的數(shù)。句意：學(xué)生可以參加許多不同種類的志愿活動(dòng)。kind“種類”是可數(shù)名詞，作主句主語，根據(jù)主句謂語動(dòng)詞are可知主語應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)形式。故kind改為kinds。
3.考查介詞。句意：學(xué)生可以參加許多不同種類的志愿活動(dòng)。結(jié)合句意表示“參加……”應(yīng)用participate in。故在participate后加in。
4.考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：例如，如果他們喜歡閱讀，他們可以在圖書館或書店做志愿者，也可以去養(yǎng)老院幫助老人。此處if引導(dǎo)真實(shí)條件狀語從句，結(jié)合語境和上文can work判斷此處用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。故were改為are。
5.考查主謂一致。句意：俗話說，贈(zèng)人玫瑰手留余香。句子陳述諺語應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，主語fragrance不可數(shù)，謂語動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用單數(shù)形式。故stay改為stays。
6.考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：做志愿者對學(xué)生有很大的好處，讓他們在幫助他人時(shí)有成就感。分析可知，此處應(yīng)用give的非謂語動(dòng)詞作狀語，邏輯主語being volunteers和give之間為主動(dòng)關(guān)系，應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞。故give改為giving。
7.考查冠詞。句意：做志愿者對學(xué)生有很大的好處，讓他們在幫助他人時(shí)有成就感。結(jié)合句意表達(dá)“成就感”應(yīng)用a sense of achievement，此處achievement為抽象概念，不可數(shù)。故刪除achievement前的an。
8.考查副詞。句意：然而，并非所有的志愿者活動(dòng)都適合學(xué)生。結(jié)合句意可知，此處和上文是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，應(yīng)用however連接。故Therefore改為However。
9.考查固定表達(dá)。句意：也就是說，這些活動(dòng)應(yīng)該是安全且易于進(jìn)行的。that is to say是固定表達(dá)，意為“也就是說”。故It改為That。
10.考查形容詞。句意：也就是說，這些活動(dòng)應(yīng)該是安全且易于進(jìn)行的。分析可知，此處應(yīng)用形容詞作表語，構(gòu)成固定句型：主語+be+adj.+to do。故easily改為easy。
第二節(jié) 書面表達(dá)（滿分25分）
（2022·天津市新華中學(xué)模擬預(yù)測）2022年亞運(yùn)會(huì)將如期在杭州舉行。為了確保亞運(yùn)會(huì)圓滿成功，組委會(huì)發(fā)起了志愿者招募活動(dòng)。假如你是學(xué)生李華，希望能成為其中一員。請按要求寫一封信申請做志愿者。內(nèi)容包括：
1. 個(gè)人情況；
2. 自身優(yōu)勢；
3. 服務(wù)承諾。
注意：1. 詞數(shù)100左右；
2. 可適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。
參考詞匯：2022年杭州亞運(yùn)會(huì)2022 Hangzhou Asian Games
Dear Sir/Madam,
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Sir/Madam,
My name is Li Hua, a high school student from No. 1 Senior High school. Knowing that you are recruiting volunteers for the 2022 Hangzhou Asian Games, I am writting to apply for the position.
First of all, my spoken English is good and I can communicate with foreigners fluently. Besides, I have other advantages. I am especially fond of sports. I was born in Hangzhou, so I am familiar with Hangzhou. What’s more, I am good at communication and alwasys ready to help others. I am willing to provide the best service for every athlete in the Asian Games. Therefore, I think I am suitable for serving the Games.
I would appreciate it if you could offer me the chance to be a volunteer. Looking forward to your reply.

Yours sincerely,
Li Hua.

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