一、形容詞和副詞
1. 思維導(dǎo)圖

2. 高考真題再現(xiàn)
一、2021年高考真題
1.（2021.6新高考1卷 語法填空）
The ht spring at the ft f the muntain is smething yu must try after the climb. It will 3 (undubted) help yu get refreshed!
2.（2021.6新高考1卷 語法填空）
But that's hw nature is—always leaving us 5 (astnish).
3.（2021.6全國甲卷 語法填空）Suppsedly yu can d it in tw hurs, but we stpped at the different gates and watchtwers t take pictures r just t watch the lcal peple ging abut their 10 (day) rutines.
4.（2021.6全國甲卷 語法填空）After spending sme time lking at all the defensive equipment at the wall, we decided it was time fr sme actin and what 5 (gd) than t ride n a piece f histry!
5.（2021.6全國乙卷 語法填空）Prvide 8 (finance) aid and ther benefits fr lcal peples.
6.（2021.6 浙江卷 語法填空）
When the huse was built, it was much 4 (small) than it is tday.
7.（2021.1 浙江卷 語法填空） But 30 years later, the BMI difference between urban and rural peple in many cuntries had narrwed 8 (sharp).
8.（2021.1 浙江卷 語法填空）This may be due t sme disadvantages fr peple living in the cuntryside, including 10 (lw) levels f incme and educatin, higher csts f healthy fds, and fewer sprts facilities.
9.（2021.6全國乙卷 語法填空）
It is different frm traditinal turism because it allws the traveler t becme 1 (educate) abut the areas—bth in terms f gegraphical cnditins and cultural characteristics, and ften prvides mney fr cnservatin and benefits the develpment f the lcal areas.
二、2020年高考真題
1.（2020·新課標 = 1 \* ROMAN I卷語法填空）Landing n the mn’s far side is 62 (extreme) challenging.
2.（2020·新課標 = 1 \* ROMAN I卷語法填空）Landing n the mn’s far side is 62 (extreme) challenging.
3.（2020·新課標 = 2 \* ROMAN II卷語法填空）Bamb: Chinese lve their “Lucky Bamb” plants and yu will see them ften in their hmes and ffice. 66 (certain) during the hliday perid, this plant is a must.
4.（2020·新課標 = 2 \* ROMAN II卷語法填空）The 69 (beauty) lng branches cvered with pink-clred buds (蓓蕾) make fantastic decratins.
5.（2020·新課標 = 3 \* ROMAN III卷語法填空）One day the emperr wanted t get his prtrait (畫像) dne s he called all great artists t cme and present their 62． (fine) wrk, s that he culd chse the best.
6.（2020·新課標 = 3 \* ROMAN III卷語法填空）As the small bat mved, 68． (gentle) alng the river he was left speechless by the muntains being silently reflected in the water.
7.（2020·山東卷語法填空）In the 18th and 19th centuries, 36． (wealth) peple travelled and cllected plants, histrical bjects and wrks f art.
三、2019年高考真題
1. （2019·新課標 = 1 \* ROMAN I卷·語法填空）Scientists have respnded by __nting__ (nte) that hungry bears may be cngregating(聚集) arund human settlements, leading t the illusin(錯覺) that ppulatins are ___68___ (high) than they actually are.
2.【2019·新課標I卷·語法填空】It is difficult t figure ut a glbal ppulatin f plar bears as much f the range has been ___62___ (pr) studied; hwever, bilgists calculate that there are abut 20,000-25,000 plar bears wrldwide.
3.【2019·新課標II卷·語法填空】Her years f hard wrk have ___63___(final)been acknwledged after a custmer nminated(提名)her t be Cheshire's Wman Of The Year.
4.【2019·新課標III卷·語法填空】On ur way t the huse，it was raining ___61___ hard that we culdn't help wndering hw lng it wuld take t get (get)there. It was in the middle f Pearl City.
四、2018年高考真題
1.【2018·浙江卷·語法填空】There culd be an even 63 (high) cst n yur health.
2.【2018·新課標I卷·語法填空】Accrding t a review f evidence in a medical jurnal, runners live three years 61 (lng) than nn-runners.
3.【2018·新課標II卷·語法填空】A taste fr meat is ___63___ (actual) behind the change: An imprtant part f its crn is used t feed chickens, pigs, and cattle.
4.【2018·新課標II卷·語法填空】Accrding t the Wrld Bank, China accunts fr abut 30 percent f ttal ___67___ (glbe)fertilizer cnsumptin.
5.【2018·新課標III卷·語法填空】He screams the___63___(lud)f all. The nise shakes the trees as the male beats his chest and charges tward me.
3. 考試技巧
語法填空解題策略
1. 看到空格處修飾的是名詞, 要想到用形容詞。
2. 看到空格處修飾的是動詞、形容詞、副詞或整個句子, 要想到用副詞。
3. 看到與than連用, 要想到用形容詞或副詞的比較級。
4. 看到and, r, but等并列連詞前或后用的比較級, 要想到用比較級。
5. 看到語境中暗含比較含義, 要想到用比較級(二者之間)或最高級(三者及以上)。
4. 知識點拓展
1：考點梳理
形容詞和副詞的句法功能；
根據(jù)提示詞寫出正確的形容詞或副詞詞形；
原級、比較級、最高級的使用；
倍數(shù)的表達法；
常見形容詞、副詞的慣用法。
考點1 基本用法
1. 形容詞用來修飾名詞或代詞，表示人或物的性質(zhì)、特征和狀態(tài)，在句中一般作定語、表語或賓語補足語等。
Suddenly, he saw a car with its bright lights n. (作定語)
English is cmpulsry fr Chinese students. (作表語)
Please keep the dr pen. (作賓補)
副詞用來修飾動詞、形容詞、副詞、介詞短語或整個句子，表示時間、地點、方式、程度、動作、頻率等，在句中主要作狀語。
Please write slwly and carefully. (修飾動詞)
Mary and Jane are quite different. (修飾形容詞)
He spke t quickly t understand. (修飾副詞)
He is badly in need f mney. (修飾介詞短語)
Generally , it’s a bk wrth reading. (修飾句子)
2. 形容詞和副詞的比較級用于兩個人或事物之間的比較，最高級用于三個或三個以上人或事物之間的比較。比較的對象應(yīng)為同類，且不能相互包容，常用結(jié)構(gòu)為“比較級＋than＋比較對象”，“the＋最高級＋比較范圍”。
The weather here is warmer than that f Shanghai.
Allan is the secnd tallest player in the team.
Lucy runs faster than Lily.
考點2 形容詞與副詞的比較級和最高級構(gòu)成
1：規(guī)則變化
2：不規(guī)則變化
3：形容詞和副詞比較等級常見句式
考點3 形容詞、副詞的倍數(shù)表達法
(1)... 倍數(shù)＋as＋形容詞/副詞原級＋as...
The big bx is fur times as heavy as the small ne. 大箱子是小箱子的四倍重。
(2)... 倍數(shù)＋形容詞/副詞比較級＋than...
The car runs twice faster than that truck. 這輛轎車跑得比那輛卡車快兩倍。
(3)... 倍數(shù)＋the＋度量衡名詞＋f...
The newly built square is fur times the size f the previus ne. 新建的廣場是之前的四倍大。
(4)... 倍數(shù)＋what從句
Cttn utput is nw ten times what it was ten years ag. 目前棉花產(chǎn)量是十年前的十倍。
(5)... 倍數(shù)＋that/thse f...
In this wrkshp the utput f July was 3.5 times that f January. 這個車間七月的產(chǎn)量是一月的3.5倍。
考點4 形容詞作定語的位置
形容詞作定語通常前置,但在下列情況后置:
二、模擬演練
1
閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當?shù)膬?nèi)容(1個單詞)或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。
The British have been drinking tea fr ver 350 years. But in fact, the histry f tea ges much 1. (far) back.
The stry f tea begins in China. Accrding t the legend, the Chinese emperr Shen Nung was sitting 2. a tree while his servant biled drinking water, when sme leaves frm the tree blew int the water. Shen Nung, 3. expert in herbal medicine, decided t try the water his servant created. As a result, it tasted s gd that later the drink was 4. we nw call tea.
It is 5. (pssible) t knw whether there is any truth in this stry. 6. , tea drinking certainly was established in China many centuries befre it had even been heard f in the west. Cntainers f tea 7. (find) in tmbs dating frm the Han dynasty (206BC-220AD) befre tea was firmly established as the natinal drink f China in the Tang dynasty (618-906AD). It became 8. a favrite thing that during the late eighth century, a writer 9. (call) Lu Yu wrte the first bk entirely abut tea, the Ch’a Ching, r Tea Classic. It was shrtly after this that tea was first intrduced t Japan, by Japanese Buddhist mnks wh had travelled t China t study befre. Tea drinking has becme a vital part f Japanese culture, 10. may be rted in the sprit described in the Ch’a Ching.
2
閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當?shù)膬?nèi)容(1個單詞)或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。
Yu knw where yur lks cme frm—fr example, yu may have yw mther’s nse r yur father’s eyes. But what abut things that we can’t see, like yu went 11. music? Is this smething that yu learned, r are yur abilities and persnality traits 12. (determine) by yur genes(基因)? What makes 13. individual behave in a certain14. and display certain talents?
Scientists are nt clear 15. the answer t this questin is. Thse 16. supprt the nature thery believe that humans 17. (prgram) genetically t behave in certain ways, regardless f culture and upbringing. One the ther hand, we have the nurture thery, which 18. (argue) that a persn's behavir and persnality are develped by teaching and experience. There is evidence 19. (supprt) bth f these theries and the debate is still t be reslved. It seems mst prbable that bth theries have their validity(正確性) and that nature and nurture each play a 20. in making us wh we are.
3
閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當?shù)膬?nèi)容(1個單詞)或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。
A twist f fate
When Tamara Rabi met Adriana Sctt at a lcal McDnald’s restaurant, their lives changed frever. “I didn’t knw what t say 21. ‘hi’. I was just s shcked -- it was like seeing myself,” says Adriana. They were bth students at neighburing universities in Lng Island, New Yrk, and they had grwn up nly 30 kilmetres apart. They shared a birthday, they were exactly the same height and bth lved hip hp. But the mst imprtant thing 22. was shared between them was the same Mexican mther. Bth girls grew up knwing that their mther 23. (give) them up fr adptin when they were brn, but they had n idea 24. they had a twin sister. Then, Justin Lattre, a friend f Adriana’s, went t Tamara’s twentieth birthday party. When he walked in and saw Tamara, hardly 25. he believe his eyes. “I was just shcked -- she lked s much like Adriana,” says Justin. Then it gt clear -- they had t be sisters. In fact, Tamara had already nticed that strangers n her university campus ften smiled and said hell, clearly 26. (mistake) her fr smene else.
Fllwing the birthday, Justin put the tw girls in tuch and they arranged the McDnald’s meeting by email. “27. she came twards me, she was walking like me, talking like me,” says Tamara. “We have the same mannerisms, the same interests and gt the same grades at schl,” adds Adriana. The girl even discvered that as children they had ften had the same nightmare f a really lud nise 28. (fllw) by a very quiet ne. They had anther sad factr a cmmn. 29. f their adptive fathers had died a few years befre they met.
Nw the twins are finishing their studies, and they meet ften. “I feel she’s my sister, but ur relatinship right nw is mre like friends,” says Tamara. She’s ptimistic and excited that their futures will be tgether. “We will always have each ther. We dn’t have any ther brthers and sisters -- we are sure 30. (grw) ld tgether!”
4
閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當?shù)膬?nèi)容(1個單詞)或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。
Pass Yur Lve n
31. (wait)fr the airplane t take ff，I was happy t get a seat by myself. Just then， 32. air hstess apprached me and asked，“Wuld yu mind 33. (change) yur seat? A cuple wuld like t sit tgether. ”The nly pssible seat was next t a girl with her arms in casts(石膏繃帶)，a black－and－blue face，and a sad 34. (express). “N way am I ging t sit there，” I thught 35. (immediate). But a sft vice spke，“She needs help. ” Finally，I decided t mve t that seat.
The girl was named Kathy. She had been in a car accident and nw was 36. her way t treatment.
When the snacks and juice arrived，it did nt take me lng t realize 37. Kathy wuld nt be able t feed herself. I cnsidered 38. (ffer)t feed her but hesitated，as it seemed t implite t ffer a service t a stranger. But then I realized that Kathy's need was mre imprtant than my discmfrt.I ffered t help her eat，and 39. she was uncmfrtable t accept，she did as I expected. We became clser and clser in a shrt perid f time. By the end f the five－h(huán)ur trip，we became friends，and the time remves the fear that keeps us separate. When we ffer t serve anther，we grw t live in a larger and 40. (many)rewarding wrld.
構(gòu) 成
例詞
原級
比較級
最高級
單音節(jié)詞一般情況下直接加-er和-est
small
smaller
smallest
great
greater
greatest
hard
harder
hardest
以e結(jié)尾的單音節(jié)詞和少數(shù)以-ble結(jié)尾的雙音節(jié)詞加-r和-st
fine
finer
finest
cute
cuter
cutest
able
abler
ablest
以一個輔音字母結(jié)尾,且前面只有一個元音字母的詞,雙寫輔音字母后再加-er和-est
fat
fatter
fattest
thin
thinner
thinnest
ht
htter
httest
以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾的詞,先把y變?yōu)閕再加-er和-est
easy
easier
easiest
happy
happier
happiest
early
earlier
earliest
少數(shù)以-er,-w結(jié)尾的雙音節(jié)詞,加-er和-est
clever
cleverer
cleverest
narrw
narrwer
narrwest
其他雙音節(jié)和多音節(jié)的形容詞或副詞一般在前面加mre和mst
careful
mre careful
mst careful
ppular
mre ppular
mst ppular
efficiently
Mre efficiently
mst efficiently
原級
比較級
最高級
gd,well
better
best
bad,ill
wrse
wrst
many,much
mre
mst
little
less
least
far
farther/further
farthest/furthest
ld
lder/elder
ldest/eldest
項 目
例 句
s (as),意為“和…(不)一樣…”
She is as tall as her mther.
I am nt as/ s gd a player as yu are.
比較級 (+ than),意為“一方比另一方……”
This picture is mre beautiful than that ne.
I have never seen a mre interesting film.
less +原級+than,意為“一方不及另一方……”
This rm is less beautiful than that ne.
the +比較級,the +比較級,意為“越……越……”
The harder yu wrk,the mre prgress yu will make.
“否定詞+比較級”表示最高級意義
I have never spent a mre wrrying day.
,意為“與其……倒不如……”
He is mre shy than unfriendly.
以-ir結(jié)尾的形容詞,與t搭配。如:junir,senir,superir,prir,inferir等
The bk is superir t that ne I just finished reading.
n+比較級+than兩者都不
This bk is n mre interesting than that nce.
The+比較級+f the tw兩者中較為……
the lder f the tw
修飾sme,any,every,n和bdy,thing,ne等構(gòu)成的復(fù)合不定代詞時
nbdy absent,everything pssible
以-able,-ible結(jié)尾的形容詞可置于有最高級或nly修飾的名詞之后
the best bk available,the nly slutin pssible
alive,alike,awake,aware,asleep等可以后置
the nly persn awake
和空間、時間、單位連用時
a bridge 50 meters lng
成對的形容詞可以后置
a huge rm simple and beautiful
形容詞短語一般后置
a man difficult t get n with

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