專題01 七選五之直接技巧題-2022年高考英語畢業(yè)班二輪熱點(diǎn)題型歸納與變式演練（全國通用）-試卷下載-教習(xí)網(wǎng)

TOC \ "1-3" \h \u \l "_Tc29376" 一、熱點(diǎn)題型歸納
\l "_Tc17993" 【技巧一】詞語復(fù)現(xiàn)
\l "_Tc26924" 【技巧二】代詞指代
\l "_Tc12217" 【技巧三】并列或者轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系
\l "_Tc30563" 【技巧四】因果或者例證關(guān)系
\l "_Tc21895" 二、最新?？碱}組練
【技巧一】詞語復(fù)現(xiàn)
【典例分析】
例1：●Invite 5—10 peple s yu have a nice selectin. ____17____ , and there may nt be enugh things t chse frm; mre than that, and it becmes uncntrllable. (2021新課標(biāo)卷I)
A. Less peple than that
B. Hld a clthing swap
C. If tw peple are cmpeting
【答案】A
【解析】根據(jù)上文“Invite 5-10 peple s yu have a nice selectin.”和下文“and there may nt be enugh things t chse frm; mre than that, and it becmes uncntrllable.”可知空白處應(yīng)是針對下文中的“mre than that”提出的相反的假設(shè)，即少于一定數(shù)量的人。A項(xiàng)“Less peple than that”和下文中“mre than that”相對，符合語境。故選A項(xiàng)。
例2： And what abut that ther dinner-party killer: awkward silence? If yu’re faced with an awkward silence at a dinner party, the nly thing that always gets everyne talking again is t give the hst a cmpliment（贊揚(yáng)）. ___40___. Just quickly turn arund and say, “This cake is extremely delicius and yu have t tell me all abut it.”(2021新課標(biāo)卷II)
E. Or turn the cnversatin int a tpic where they have little t say
F. What abut that persn wh had t much t drink r wn’t stp talking
G. He r she is the persn wh is feeling the weight f that awkwardness the mst
【答案】G
【解析】根據(jù)上文“If yu’re faced with an awkward silence at a dinner party, the nly thing that always gets everyne talking again is t give the hst a cmpliment.(如果你在晚宴上遭遇了尷尬的沉默，唯一能讓大家再次交談的方法就是贊美主人)”可知，此處指出贊美主人可以緩解尷尬的沉默，設(shè)空處承上啟下，下文“This cake is extremely delicius and yu have t tell me all abut it.(這蛋糕特別好吃，你得告訴我它的一切)”對主人進(jìn)行了贊美。由此可知，宴會(huì)上出現(xiàn)尷尬的沉默時(shí)，最尷尬的就是主人，所以需要贊美主人來緩解尷尬。G項(xiàng)“He r she is the persn wh is feeling the weight f that awkwardness the mst(他或她是最能感受到那種尷尬的人)”承上啟下，符合題意。故選G項(xiàng)。
例3：Yur children need t be deeply curius. 37 Ask kids, “What ingredients(配料) can we add t make these pancakes even better next time?” (2014新課標(biāo)卷I)
A. Encurage kids t ck with yu.
B. And we can’t frget science educatin.
C. We can give kids chances t think abut materials in new ways.
【答案】A
【解析】與空后句中的ingredients(配料)，pancakes(薄煎餅)可能同時(shí)出現(xiàn)的，只有選項(xiàng)A中的ck，故選A項(xiàng)(鼓勵(lì)孩子跟你一起烹飪)。
例4：39 If yu’ve been betrayed, yu are the victim f yur circumstance. But there’s a difference between being a victim and living with a “victim mentality”. (2015新課標(biāo)卷I)
A. Learn t really trust yurself.
C. Stp regarding yurself as the victim.
D. Remember that yu can expect the best in return.
【答案】C
【解析】要求選段落主題句。空后句三次出現(xiàn)victim一詞, 七個(gè)選項(xiàng)中只有選項(xiàng)C中有victim，原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)。將選項(xiàng)C“不要把自己當(dāng)作受害者”代入空格處，與下文銜接緊密，故選C項(xiàng)。本段結(jié)構(gòu)：總(總領(lǐng))—分(細(xì)說)。
【提分秘籍】
作者或說話人在談?wù)撃硞€(gè)話題或主題時(shí)，與主題相關(guān)的詞語必定會(huì)以原詞、同義詞或近義詞等形式在上下文中重復(fù)出現(xiàn)，這種現(xiàn)象叫詞語復(fù)現(xiàn)。
同一個(gè)詞的重復(fù)出現(xiàn)叫原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)；以同義詞的形式重復(fù)出現(xiàn)，叫同義復(fù)現(xiàn)；以近義詞或近義表達(dá)(意思相近，表達(dá)方式不同)的形式重復(fù)出現(xiàn)，叫近義復(fù)現(xiàn)；以詞義相同而詞性不同的形式重復(fù)出現(xiàn)，叫同根復(fù)現(xiàn)。還有上義詞與下義詞的復(fù)現(xiàn) (adult是teacher,parent的上義詞，而teacher,parent就是adult的下義詞)。
詞語復(fù)現(xiàn)是語篇銜接的一個(gè)重要手段，而七選五正是考查語篇銜接，因此，利用詞語復(fù)現(xiàn)解七選五十分管用。在近五年的8套全國新課標(biāo)卷共40道題中有13道題利用這一招可直接選出答案，利用這一招可將選項(xiàng)縮小到2個(gè)選項(xiàng)的還有5道，也就是說，平均起來，幾乎有一半的題僅用這一方法就可解決。
【變式演練】
值得注意的是，有的題利用詞語復(fù)現(xiàn)解題十分管用，但這并不意味著凡與上句或下句有復(fù)現(xiàn)詞的選項(xiàng)就一定是正確選項(xiàng)，只是正確的可能性更大，在解題過程中需重點(diǎn)考慮或優(yōu)選考慮而已。是否為正確答案，還得將含復(fù)現(xiàn)詞的選項(xiàng)代入原文，看該選項(xiàng)與上下文是否真的銜接，只有上下銜接緊密的才是正確選項(xiàng)。
例題：38 Having cnfidence in yurself will help yu make better chices because yu can see what the best utcme wuld be fr yur well-being. (2015新課標(biāo)卷I)
A. Learn t really trust yurself.
B. It is putting cnfidence in smene.
C. Stp regarding yurself as the victim.
【答案】A
【解析】要求選段落主題句。不要因?yàn)檫x項(xiàng)B與空后句中都有cnfidence，原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)就選B，也不要因?yàn)檫x項(xiàng)C中與空后句中都有yurself，原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)就選C。選項(xiàng)A中的trust yurself與空格后的Having cnfidence in yurself(信任你自己)是同義復(fù)現(xiàn)，所以該選項(xiàng)是重點(diǎn)考慮對象；將選項(xiàng)A代入原文，上下句意為“學(xué)會(huì)真正地信任你自己。信任你自己有助于做出更好的選擇……”語義銜接緊密，故選A。
【技巧二】代詞邏輯
【典例分析】
例1: Anther way f setting realistic gals is t analyze yur shrt and lng term bjectives, keeping in mind yur beliefs, values and strengths. Remember that gals are flexible. ____39____ They als need t be measurable. Yu must keep these pints in mind while setting yur gals.（2019全國高考新課標(biāo)II卷）
D. S why shuld we try t set specific gals?
E. They can change accrding t circumstances.
F. Mtivatin is what yu need mst t d a gd jb.
G. Withut mtivatin, yu can neither set a gal nr reach it.
【答案】E
【解析】上文說“記得，目標(biāo)是靈活的”。該空承接上文，E選項(xiàng)“它們會(huì)根據(jù)環(huán)境的改變而改變”切題，故選E。
例2：Try t slve the prblem. After yu’re calmand yu have supprt frm adults and friends, it’s time t get dwn t business. 74 Even if yu can’t slve it all, yu can slve a piece f it. (2012新課標(biāo)卷)
D. Ah, it feels s gd when the stress isgne.
E. Yu need t figure ut what the prblemis.
F. And dn’t frget abut yur friends.
【答案】E
【解析】本段主題句是“Tryt slve the prblem”，空后句又有slve it，其中it指什么？當(dāng)然是theprblem，因此，前句中一定會(huì)出現(xiàn)prblem一詞，七個(gè)選項(xiàng)中只有E項(xiàng)符合。
【提分秘籍】
英語表達(dá)中的代詞出現(xiàn)的頻率極高，代詞的作用是指代前面提及的名詞或形容詞概念，巧妙利用這樣的指代關(guān)系和根據(jù)代詞的單復(fù)數(shù)差異可以準(zhǔn)確而快速地解題。
【變式演練】
例題：A husewarming party is a special party t be held when smene buys r mves int a new apartment r huse. The persn wh bught the huse r mved is the ne wh thrws the party. The party is a chance fr friends and family t cngratulate the persn n the new hme. ___36___ And it is gd time t fill the new space with lve and hpeful presents. （2020年全國卷III）
B. It is traditinal t bring a gift t a husewarming party.
C. Yu can als bring fd r drinks t share with the ther guests.
D. If yu’re lucky enugh t receive gifts, keep them in a safe place.
E. It als gives peple a chance t see what the new hme lks like.
【答案】E
【解析】上句 The party is a chance fr friends and family t cngratulate the persn n the new hme.(這個(gè)聚會(huì)是朋友和家人祝賀新家的機(jī)會(huì))。介紹慶祝喬遷之喜的聚會(huì)是親戚朋友祝賀搬新家的人的一次機(jī)會(huì)，下句 And it is a gd time t fill the new space with lve and hpefully presents.(現(xiàn)在是時(shí)候用愛和希望的禮物來填補(bǔ)新家了)。介紹這也是給新家裝滿愛和希望禮物的好時(shí)機(jī)。E項(xiàng)：它也給了人們一次看看新家什么樣的機(jī)會(huì)。與上下句并列，都是慶祝喬遷之喜聚會(huì)的目的，故選E。
【技巧三】并列或者轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系
【典例分析】
例1：●Put different types f clthing n different surfaces in the rm.____19____. Place a few mirrrs arund yur rm s peple can see hw things lk when they try them n. One f the grund rules f the swap shuld be that everyne must try n the clthes befre they take them—things always lk different when yu put them n.
(2021新課標(biāo)卷I)
E. Dnate whatever clthes are left ver
F Have everyne put their clthes in the right spts
G. Tell everyne t bring clean clthes in gd cnditin
【答案】F
【解析】根據(jù)上文“Put different types f clthing n different surfaces in the rm.”（把不同類型的衣服放在房間的不同地方。）指出衣服應(yīng)該歸類放置。下文“Place a few mirrrs arund yur rm s peple can see hw things lk when they try them n.”（在房間周圍放幾面鏡子，這樣人們試穿時(shí)就能看到衣服的樣子。）提到了放置鏡子的意義。由此可見，本段講述的是房間里的一些具體的做法，所以空白處一樣要提出人們在房間里要做什么。F項(xiàng)“Have everyne put their clthes in the right spts.（讓每個(gè)人的衣服都放在相應(yīng)的位置上。）”說明每個(gè)人應(yīng)該按照不同類型把衣服擺放在相應(yīng)的位置，符合語境。故選F項(xiàng)。
例2：The place wasn't entirely authentic, thugh. Unlike a nrmal Parisian apartment, the plumbing (水管)wrked 37 Our building even had a tiny lift with a female vice that said, "Ouverture des prtes,"in perfect French. That is the nly French phrase I mastered, and it's a shame I dn't have much use fr it.（2021全國新高考I卷）
A. Nt all the custmers are turists.
B. The quality f life in Franc is equally excellent.
C. There was a nice kitchen and a cmfrtable bed.
【答案】C
【解析】不過，這個(gè)地方并不完全是正宗的。與普通的巴黎公寓不同，這里的管道工作
正常?？崭窈笾v我們的公寓甚至還有一個(gè)小小的電梯。由此知此處描述公寓的情況。故選 C。
【提分秘籍】
表示列舉關(guān)系的有：first首先, 第一, secnd第二, third第三…; firstly第一, 首先, secndly第二(點(diǎn))；其次, thirdly第三…; first第一, next其次, then那么, 然后…; in the first place第一，首先, in the secnd place第二, 其次…; fr ne thing首先，一則, fr anther thing其次…; t begin with首先，第一, t cnclude首先，第一等
技巧六：從詞匯線索上判斷---代詞
表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系的連接詞有：Hwever然而, nevertheless仍然，然而，不過, nnetheless盡管如此，依然，然而, still還；然而, thugh可是，不過，然而, yet然而, in spite f不顧，不管, at any rate無論如何，至少, in any case無論如何，不管怎樣, whever無論是誰, whatever無論什么，n the cntrary正相反, in cntrast與此相反, 相比之下, by cntrast相反, 相比之下, in cmparisn比較起來，比較地, by cmparisn相比之下, cnversely相反(地), therwise否則；除此以外，nt---but不是-----而是，as well也等。
【變式演練】
例題：Yur persnal circumstances are equally imprtant. Fr example, yu may want t be a pilt but can’t becme ne because yur eyesight is nt gd enugh. ____40____Yu shuld reassess yur gals, and mtivate yurself t set a fresh gal.（2019全國高考新課標(biāo)II卷）
A. This can affect yur wrk.
B. S hw shuld yu mtivate yurself?
C. Hwever, this shuld nt discurage yu.
D. S why shuld we try t set specific gals?
【答案】C
【解析】上文說“你可能想當(dāng)一名飛行員，但是不能成為一名飛行員，因?yàn)槟愕囊暳Σ粔蚝??！毕挛恼f“你應(yīng)該重新評估你的目標(biāo)，并且設(shè)定一個(gè)新的目標(biāo)”。該空承上啟下，C選項(xiàng)“然而，這不應(yīng)該使你氣餒?！鼻蓄}，故選C。
【技巧四】因果或者例證關(guān)系
【典例分析】
例1：●Get a cach
51 , s get help. Since there are abut abillin cmpanies ut there all ready t ffer yu public speaking training and curses, here are sme things t lk fr when deciding the training that’s right fr yu. (2013新課標(biāo)卷II)
C. Turn yur back n t many rules
D. Check the rules abut ds and dn’ts
E. Whatever the presentatin, public speaking is tugh
【答案】E
【解析】由空后的s(因此，引出結(jié)果)可知，空處要填的應(yīng)是“要得到幫助”的原因；選項(xiàng)E中public speaking is tugh (當(dāng)眾演講是困難的)正是尋求幫助的原因，故選E項(xiàng)。(因果邏輯關(guān)系)
例2：Frm my experience, there are three main reasns why peple dn’t ck mre ften: ability, mney, and time. 36 Mney isa tpic I’ll save fr anther day. S tday I want t give yu sme wisdm abut hw t make the mst f the time yu spend in the kitchen. (2014新課標(biāo)卷II)
A. Try new things.
B. Ability is easily imprved.
C. Make three r fur instead.
【答案】B
【解析】空前主題句中提到ability,mney, time三個(gè)主要原因，空后提到了mney與time, 所以這里應(yīng)是談ability, 故選B項(xiàng)。
【提分秘籍】
前后句的某句是為了證明另一句而舉的例子。例證的形式多樣，但就其本質(zhì)而言無非是思維上的形象（例子、類比等）和抽象（觀點(diǎn)）的辯證關(guān)系，用到的思維過程無非就是基本的歸納（從例子到觀點(diǎn)）和推理（從觀點(diǎn)到例子）。
因果關(guān)系主要指前后的句子有著原因和結(jié)果之間的關(guān)系，這種關(guān)系往往說明了前因后果或者前果后因等情況。表示因果關(guān)系的連詞有as a result結(jié)果，thus/therefre因此，s (such)...如此------以至于等。
【變式演練】
例題：My husband and I just spent a week in Paris. 36 S the first thing we did was rent a fantastically expensive sixth-flr apartment the size f a cupbard. It was s tiny that we had t leave ur suitcases in the hallway.（2021全國新高考I卷）
E. That's nt the nly reasn the French eat less than we d.
F. Our aim was t see if we culd live, in sme way, like real Parisians.
G The fd is s delicius that yu dn't need much f it t make yu happy.
【答案】F
【解析】空格前講，"我"和丈夫在巴黎呆了一周?？崭窈笾?，我們做的第一件事就是
租了一間只有一個(gè)櫥柜那么大的貴得驚人的六樓公寓。由 S 知它與空格內(nèi)容構(gòu)成因果關(guān)系，之所以租公寓，是因?yàn)槲覀兿肟纯丛谀撤N程度上能不能像真正的巴黎人一樣生活。故選F。
2020-2021年南通高三考前調(diào)研卷（四模）
Study skills are valuable tls when it cmes t achieving meaningful learning. But there are many students wh haven’t mastered gd skills. They ften g fr last-minute memrizatin. Studying frm memry wn't give yu ey prmising scres. 36 These will help yu imprve yur perfrmance
37 It means writing dwn the mst imprtant pints in yur wn wrds s that yu can remember them mre easily. In mst cases the key is t be able t write them dwn quickly, but withut leaving ut any imprtant infrmatin. The ther key is t make sure the relatinship between the main cncepts is very clear
Then remember t lk ver yur ntes within 24 hurs f taking them, even if yu dn’t have a test cming up, 38 Then when yu actually start studying fr a test, yu TT be able t recall the infrmatin much better than if yu hadn't lked ver yur ntes at all since yu tk them.
Anther skill t help yu study better is brainstrming. 39 S it can be especially useful fr ding grup prjects, and yu can cnsider different ideas and viewpints. But it can als be useful t cram fr an exam. It can clear up any questins and help yu dig deeper int the subject matter
N ne is brn knwing hw t study, s study skills are very imprtant. 40
A. This will put yu at a huge advantage
B. Taking ntes is ne f the mst widespread
C It's imprtant t slve prblems in a simpler way
D. Luckily there are a lt f effective methds available
E. Success in schl isn’t all abut talent but mstly abut effrt
F. But what really matters is that yu shuld put them in practice
G. It cnsists f a grup meeting where members thrw ut any idea
江蘇省高三模擬考
Parties t celebrate special events, achievements, and hlidays are the perfect time fr hsts t exercise their rles. 16. But fr sme peple, invitatins t events that center arund fd lead t fear and anxiety.
17. And many sweet treats and salty snacks attract us because f the chemical additives and mixtures that perfect the material and taste f fds. Still, mst party fds include large amunts f unhealthy fats. Fat itself shuld be part f a healthy diet. But the highly prcessed types f them can break dwn ur health.
By nw, yu are prbably wndering what healthy fd chices shuld be ffered at ur get-tgethers. 18. Vegetable salads can als be a relief t thse seeking healthier chices, but it is best t leave ff the dressing and prvide a variety f dressing chices, including plain live il and Italy vinegar.
The nature f the party can ften determine the cuisine, but nearly any cmmn party dish can be recreated with healthier ingredients (食材). It's best t use whle grains when pssible. 19. And finally, be sure t let yur health-cnscius guests knw that there are sme fd chices by reminding them n the invitatin. 20. If yu make a hmemade treat r dish, supplying a nte card with the ingredients is appreciated by thse attempting t avid specific ingredients.
At yur next party, try this recipe fr healthier, black bean brwnies. Nt nly are these allergy-friendly, but they ffer a lt f health benefits fr everyne.
A. All children like ckies, cakes and ice cream.
B. Generally, fd and fellwship is a perfect marriage.
C. Mst traditinal party fds cntain large amunts f sugar.
D. This may make the difference between an acceptance r a refusal.
E.Rather than party candy, ffer small bwls f dry-rasted r raw nuts.
F.Use ccnut il in place f butter, r hney instead f sugar t sweeten treats.
G.Usually fresh vegetables and fruit can ensure everyne t participate cmfrtably.
2021年高考浙江
Yu've gt mail…and it's a pstcard
Paul Magalhaes, a 34-year-ld Prtuguese cmputer engineer, lves t pen his mailbx and find a brightly clred picture f Rme's Clsseum. Or Africa's Victria Falls. Or China's Great Wall. ___11___
"I ften send pstcards t family and friends." he says t China Daily, "but yu can imagine that after a while, yu never receive as many as yu send, and yu realize that nt everyne is int it ___12___ ” Seeking ther like-minded suls, hwever, Paul started lking in a smewhat unlikely place: nline. Many wuld say the Internet is a place fr peple wh have given up n the traditinal pstal service, but Paul's hunch（直覺）paid ff.
Tday his hbby has develped int the website pstcrssing.cm, a scial netwrk that has grwn t 575,217 registered users in 214 cuntries and regins since he started it 10 years ag. ___13___ Running the website has almst turned int a full-time jb.
Language is certainly a harrier fr many peple. Fr pstcrssing t wrk wrldwide, a cmmn cmmunicatin language is needed s that everyne can understand each ther. As cl as it may be t receive a pstcard written in Chinese, the cncept desn't wrk if ne desn't understand it. ___14___ S a cmmn language is required and in pstcrssing that's English since it's widely spken.
"Many peple in China have limited expsure t English. ___15___ That said, we knw f many pstcrssing members, including Chinese, wh have actually imprved their English skills thrugh their use f pstcrssing," Paul says.
A. And that's ttally fine
B. That makes it extra hard t learn and practice it
C. He likes t think f sending pstcards as a family-friendly hbby
D. Many lve t make a cnnectin with smene frm acrss the wrld.
E. On August 5, the number f pstcards exchanged by members tpped 31 millin.
F. Similarly, if yu speak nly Chinese, receiving a card in Swedish takes part f the fun away.
G. In shrt, he lves pstcards, and the excitement f getting a hand-written nte frm smene far away.
2020年全國卷III
A husewarming party is a special party t be held when smene buys r mves int a new apartment r huse. The persn wh bught the huse r mved is the ne wh thrws the party. The party is a chance fr friends and family t cngratulate the persn n the new hme. ___36___ And it is gd time t fill the new space with lve and hpeful presents.
___37___ Sme peple register a list f things they want r need fr their new hme at a lcal stres. Sme cmmn things peple will put n a gift registry include kitchen tls like knives and things like curtains. Even if there isn’t a registry, a gd husewarming gift is smething t decrate the new huse with, like a piece f art r a plant.
___38___ This is ften appreciated since at a husewarming there isn’t a lt f fd served. There are usually n planned activities like games at a husewarming party. The hst r hstess f the party will, hwever, prbably give all the guests a tur f their new hme. Smetimes, because a husewarming party happens shrtly after a persn mves int their new hme, peple may be asked t help unpack bxes. ___39___
Husewarming parties get their name frm the fact that a lng time ag peple wuld actually bring firewd t a new hme as a gift. ___40___ Nw mst hmes have central heating and dn’t use fires t keep warm.
A. This isn’t usual thugh.
B. It is traditinal t bring a gift t a husewarming party.
C. Yu can als bring fd r drinks t share with the ther guests.
D. If yu’re lucky enugh t receive gifts, keep them in a safe place.
E. It als gives peple a chance t see what the new hme lks like.
F. The best husewarming parties encurage ld friends t get tgether.
G. This was s that the persn culd keep their hme warm fr the winter.

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