目錄
TOC \ "1-3" \h \u \l "_Tc29376" 一、熱點題型歸納
\l "_Tc17993" 【題型一】利用首句來解題，根據全文來選擇
\l "_Tc26924" 【題型二】根據上下文語境，合理推斷來解題
\l "_Tc12217" 【題型三】利用語篇標志解題
\l "_Tc30563" 【題型四】根據邏輯推理解題
【題型五】根據常識和文化背景的角度來選擇
【題型六】從語法角度來解題
【題型七】從慣用法和固定搭配方面來解題
【題型八】從詞語辨析的角度來解題
【題型九】根據找復現同現解題
\l "_Tc21895" 二、最新?？碱}組練
【題型一】利用首句來解題，根據全文來選擇
首句一般不設空。因此我們應重視首句，并利用首句預測短文的問題和全文內容。
1. I did very badly at schl. My headmaster thught I was and when I was 14 he said, “Yu’re never ging t be anything but a failure.”
A. bright B. useless C. simple D. hpeful
【答案】
2. Drthy Brwn was very happy as she sat in the theatre listening t the music. Tday her little daughter Lauren was giving her first cncert. She had been waiting fr this mment fr years and years. “Nw it is here at last,” she thught. “Hw beautiful her ___1___ is.”
The sng made her g back t the days when she was Lauren’s age. As a yung girl, Drthy wanted t be a cncert singer. She studied ___2___ in France, Italy and in the United States. “Yu can becme a fine ___3___ in the future,” her teachers tld her. “But yu must be prepared t study hard and wrk fr many years.
1. A. vice B. face C. dress D. life
2. A. French B. music C. pian D. dance
3. A. actress B. student C. singer D. dancer
【答案】
【題型二】根據上下文語境，合理推斷來解題
1. Our father was a struggling lawyer, but I always knew he was . He never criticized us, but used _____ t bring ut ur best.
A. strict B. hnest C. special D. learned
A. help B. peace C. smile D. praise
【答案】
2. His big stmach has always ballned ut between his T-shirt and trusers. Althugh his family ften
abut that, Ed refused t buy a T-shirt r t lse weight.
A. cared B. frgt C. quarreled D. jked
A. clean B. straight C. larger D. darker
【答案】
【題型三】利用語篇標志解題
常見語篇標志詞語：結構層次:firstly, secndly, thirdly；邏輯關系：thus, therefre, s；遞進關系：besides, what’s mre, further;轉折關系：but, while, hwever, n the ther hand等。
She tld the frnt-desk clerk she had had a(n) vacatin, but was heart-brken abut lsing several rlls f Kdak clr film she had nt yet develped.
A. disappinting B. wnderful C. uncmfrtable D. imprtant
因此，我們要善于找出（“三找”）：
一找. 邏輯關系題（轉折、讓步、解釋、對立、因果、并列、總分、遞進）
二找. NOT（在原文中找nt）
三找. AND（在原文中找and）
【題型四】根據邏輯推理解題
…and the fficers then began t eat their meal, saying that the mushrms had a very strange ______ quite pleasant taste.
A. besides B. but C. and D. r
【答案】
【題型五】根據常識和文化背景的角度來選擇
The amunt f usable water has always been f great interest in the wrld. Owning springs and streams smetimes means cntrl, particularly in the_______ areas like the desert.
A．dry B．distant C．deserted D．wild
【答案】
【題型六】從語法角度來解題
I went int a café and asked fr a cffee . _____ I was waiting fr my drink, I realized that there were ther peple in the place, but I sensed lneliness.
Befre B．Since C．Althugh D．While
【答案】D
2. Have yu ever shuted at a teacher, tld smene yu were lnely, r said yu were in lve, and then______ later yu had kept yur muth shut?
23. A. wished B. hped C. blamed D. shared
【答案】
【題型七】從慣用法和固定搭配方面來解題
He was nly furteen and was nt gd at swimming___.S he shuldn’t have gne int that place.
A.after all B. in all C.at all D. fr all
【答案】
【題型八】從詞語辨析的角度來解題
When, tw weeks later, I this same by, I was mre aware f my psitin in Nigerian sciety. I shuld enjy this cuntry as the sn f a minister.
A. ran after B. ran int C. ran ver D. ran t
【答案】
【題型九】根據找復現同現解題
(1)原詞復現。為了表達的需要，在具體的上下文中同一個單詞重復出現。如：
All f a sudden I started t feel rather ______. She wndered why I was lking fr this srt f ______. I felt even mre helpless when she tld me that it wuld be difficult t get a jb withut experience.
A. encuraged B. dissatisfied C. helpless D. pleased
A. place B. jb C. advice D. help
【答案】
(2)同義詞、近義詞復現。同義詞、近義詞復現是借助意思相同或相近的表達方式，或解釋性的語言使上下文的語義得以連接起來。如：
That is what a hbby means, I guess. It is smething we like t d in ur spare time simply fr the ______ f it. The value in dllars is nt imprtant; we d it fr the pleasure it gives us.
benefit B. gd C. fun D. interest
【答案】
(3)反義詞復現。語意的連貫有時是通過對比結構而采用反義復現的手段，或者是以反義的方式對前文加以解釋，考生可以從反義的角度判斷正確的選項。如：
Frcing yurself t recall almst never helps because it desn’t ______ yur mney; it nly tightens it.
lsen B. weaken C. decrease D. reduce
【答案】
(4)同源詞復現。對于上下文語義復現的表達，還可借助復現信息的同源詞或同根詞。如：
Many teachers believe that the respnsibilities fr learning lie with the students. If a lng reading assignment is given, the instructrs expect students t be familiar with the infrmatin in the reading……When research is _________, the prfessr expects the student t take it actively and t cmplete it with minimum guidance.
cllected B. assigned C. distributed D. finished
【答案】
(5)上義詞復現。上義詞具有概括的作用。在篇章中，有時為了表達的需要，作者會先概述，再分述。概述時用的為上義詞，分述則用比較具體的下義詞，兩者為總分關系。如：
Other times, he wuld jin student grups t discuss a variety f : agriculture, diving and mathematics.
questins B. subjects C. matters D. cntents
【解析】
高考完形填空命題趨勢
選材特點: 以記敘文為主
命題特點: (1) 設空特點: 名詞\ 動詞(5-8個)為主
(2) 考點層次分三部:
里邊層次：(語篇層次30%以上)體現了突出語篇的命題思路
句子層次：(占70%左右)
單詞層次：(只須讀懂單詞所在句子就能做,分數較少)
(3)考查重點: 短文第一句不設問.
考生易失分之處：
1、忽視行文邏輯，斷章取義，就題論題。
2、脫離語境，濫用固定搭配。
3、缺乏必要的生活常識和不了解中西文化的差異。
做題三忌：
急于求成，未通讀全文便忙于答題，不了解文意，無整體概念邊讀邊填，兩眼忙于空白與選項之間，欲速則不達。
只摳字眼，語法，不顧文意，抓不住關鍵。
斷章取義，就題論題，不管前后聯系，互不照應，前后矛盾。
【2021年全國高考乙卷】
Simply saying thank yu desn't seem enugh in certain situatins. I was cnsidering this while wrking as a ___41___ just a few weeks ag. And it came t me then hw much easier it wuld be if we had a range f wrds that express different ___42___ f gratitude(感謝).
My thughts were sn ___43___. We had a wman patient wh was ___44___ frm a knee replacement peratin. One afternn, while ___45___ t get int bed she cllapsed(倒下) frm what was ___46___ discvered t be a heart attack. The cllapse was disastrus, ___47___the emergency medical team and gd teamwrk. But she recvered, thugh ___48___, and was ready fr discharge(出院)after fur weeks.
She was ___49___ fr everything that the medical and nursing team had dne fr her. On her day f discharge, we shared in her _____50_____ at her recvery. As she was _____51_____ she was eager t say _____52_____ t each f us in the nursing team. When she _____53_____ ne nurse, she tried t press a five-pund nte int her hand. My clleague _____54_____ t accept it, saying that we were all just _____55_____ ur jb. The patient lked puzzled, and then _____56_____:“Oh this isn't fr the_____57_____ I had. I take that as a _____58_____. N, this is fr setting my hair yesterday.”
And there yu have it. T many peple,_____59_____lives is part f the jb but styling hair is an _____60_____ and shuld be rewarded.
41. A. cleanerB. chemistC. nurse D. dctr
42. A. gradesB. meaningsC. needs D. expectatins
43. A. brushed aside B. put t the test
C. brught under discussinD. taken int accunt
44. A. departingB. escapingC. retiring D. recvering
45. A. attemptingB. chsingC. pausing D. prmising
46. A. eventuallyB. frtunatelyC. casuallyD. secretly
47. A. assessingB. requiringC. frmingD. prving
48. A. slightlyB. accidentallyC. slwlyD. happily
49. A. gratefulB. thughtfulC. srrwfulD. fearful
50 A. surpriseB. delightC. curisity D. disappintment
51. A. peratingB. thinkingC. hesitatingD. leaving
52. A. srryB. hellC. gdbyeD. yes
53. A. reachedB. cnsultedC. intrduced D.persuaded
54. A. wishedB. pretendedC. failedD. refused
55. A. enjyingB. dingC. securingD. starting
56. A. repeatedB. recitedC. repliedD. reprted
57. A. curageB. patienceC. dutyD. care
58. A. galB. givenC. pushD. greeting
59. A. riskingB. changingC. savingD. building
60. A. hnurB. abilityC. peningD. extra
【答案】
【2020年高考全國卷1】
閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。
Since ur twins began learning t walk, my wife and I have kept telling them that ur sliding glass dr is just a windw. The ___41___ is bvius. If we ___42___ it is a dr, they’ll want t g utside ___43___. It will drive us crazy. The kids apparently knw the ___44___. But ur insisting it’s ___45___ a windw has kept them frm ___46___ millins f requests t pen the dr.
I hate lying t the kids. One day they’ll ___47___ and discver that everything they’ve always knwn abut windws is a ___48___.I wnder if ___49___ shuld always tell the truth n matter the ____50____. I have a very strng ____51____ that the lie we’re telling is ding ____52____ damage t ur children. Windws and drs have ____53____ metaphrical(比喻) meanings. I’m telling them they can’t pen what they abslutely knw is a dr. What if later in ____54____ they cme t a metaphrical dr, like an pprtunity(機會) f sme srt, and ____55____ pening the dr and taking the pprtunity, they just ____56____ it and wnder, ＂What if it isn’t a dr?＂ That is, ＂What if it isn’t a ____57____ pprtunity?＂
Maybe it’s an unreasnable fear. But the ____58____ is that I shuldn’t lie t my kids. I shuld just ____59____ repeatedly having t say, ＂N. We can’t g utside nw.＂ Then when they cme t ther drs in life, be they real r metaphrical, they wn’t ____60____ t pen them and walk thrugh.
41. A. reliefB. targetC. reasnD. case
42. A. admitB. believeC. meanD. realize
43. A. graduallyB. cnstantlyC. temprarily D. casually
44. A. resultB. dangerC. methdD. truth
45. A. merelyB. slightlyC. hardlyD. partly
46. A. reviewingB. apprvingC. receiving D. attempting
47. A. win utB. give upC. wake upD. stand ut
48. A. dreamB. lieC. fantasyD. fact
49. A. parentsB. twinsC. clleagues D. teachers
50 A. restrictinsB. explanatinsC. differences D. cnsequences
51. A. demandB. fearC. desireD. dubt
52. A. physicalB. bilgicalC. spiritual D. behaviral
53. A. traditinalB. imprtantC. duble D. riginal
54. A. lifeB. timeC. replyD. histry
55. A. by cmparisn with B. in additin tC. regardless f D. instead f
56. A. get hld fB. stare atC. knck n D. make use f
57. A. realB. TypicalC. similarD. limited
58. A. safety ruleB. cmfrt zneC. bttm line D. tp secret
59. A. delayB. regretC. enjyD. accept
60. A. hurryB. decideC. hesitateD. intend
【答案】
【2020年全國卷III】
閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。
As s businesswman, I care deeply abut my custmers. But like anyne fr whm yu feel affectin, ___41___ can als drive yu mad. They’ll cme rushing in, ___42___their handbag’s been stlen. They’ll ___43___ that they left it in the changing rm, create have (混亂) and then ___44___ it had been in their car all the time. They’ll have ut half the ___45___ in the shp, and want the nly style yu dn’t have left in a ___46___ clur. I d knw hw upset the shp staff can get, but I try t persuade them t keep ___47___.
I remember the first really ___48___ custmer we had at Cvent Garden. She was ___49___ abslutely everything, nthing was right and I was rather ____50____ that she became a “regular”. After a while, she ____51____ fr the way she behaved at the beginning. She had split up with her husband the week befre, was living in a flat ____52____, and since she’d fund it t much t cpe with (應對), she’d taken it ut n ____53____ peple.
That taught me a valuable ____54____ and I pass it n t the peple wh ____55____ in the market. Dn’t take it ____56____. If a custmer is rude r difficult, just think “Maybe she’s had a rw with her husband. Maybe her child’s nt ____57____.” Always water it dwn and dn’t let yur eg (自我) get ____58____. If yu d, yu wn’t be able t ____59____ it and the whle thing develps int an unpleasant scene and that ____60____ everyne’s day.
41. A. shpkeepersB. custmersC. salespersnsD. receptinists
42. A. sayingB. pretendingC. guessingD. replying
43. A. agreeB. prmiseC. imagineD. swear
44. A. frgetB. decideC. discverD. assume
45. A. fdsB. catalguesC. belngingsD. gds
46. A. particularB. differentC. matchingD. natural
47. A. fightingB. smilingC. waitingD. changing
48. A. generusB. pliteC. carelessD. difficult
49. A. curius abutB. displeased withC. patient withD. uncertain abut
50. A. relaxedB. delightedC. surprisedD. embarrassed
51. A. searchedB. arguedC. prayedD. aplgized
52. A. by chanceB. by herselfC. n purpseD. n duty
53. A. rudeB. suchC. therD. lnely
54. A. lessnB. trickC. skillD. trade
55. A. wrkB. shpC. meetD. quarrel
56. A. kindlyB. secretlyC. persnallyD. casually
57. A. readyB. awayC. upD. well
58. A. ut f sightB. in the wayC. behind the sceneD. abve the law
59. A. stressB. expectC. handleD. blame
60. A. ruinsB. makesC. startsD. saves
【答案】
高考完形填空題型特點
1. 以敘為主, 敘議結合; 2. 篇章短小, 意義完整;
3. 首句完整, 主題明確;
4. 結構清晰, 層次分明;
5. 考查語境, 側重辨析;
6. 實詞為主, 虛詞為輔;
7. 邏輯推理, 隱于語篇;
8. 常識語法, 每年出現。
完型填空 之能力訓練目標：
1.詞語辨析能力
2.語法結構分析能力
3.語篇理解能力
4.邏輯推理能力
5.文化背景透析能力
6.作者意圖剖析能力
8.生活常識綜合運用能力

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