T analyze the difference in uses and meanings f direct speech and indirect speech.T practice transfrming direct speech and indirect speech.
Lk at the sentences in bth clumns and discuss the differences between each pair. Summarize the rules fr changing direct speech int indirect speech.
The expert said that frm the psitin f its dead bdy, the bear appeared t have starved and died.
The expert said, “Frm the psitin f its dead bdy, the bear appeared t have starved and died.”
The reprter asked, “Will plar bears die ut because f climate change?”
The reprter asked whether plar bears wuld die ut because f climate change.
The reprter asked, “Hw can we save plar bears frm extinctin?”
The reprter asked hw we culd save plar bears frm extinctin.
“Let’s wrk tgether t stp climate change,” the expert said.
The expert advised us t wrk tgether t stp climate change.
Read mre sentences and answer the questins.1. I’m still wrking because there is a lt t d. He said that he was still wrking because there was a lt t d.2. Eleven thusand peple live here and six thusand left last week. He said that eleven thusand peple lived there and six thusand had left the week befre.
3. Des this mean that the danger is ver? He asked if this meant that the danger was ver.4. They can’t g back t their huses. He said that they culdn’t g back t their huses.5. When will peple be able t return hme? The reprter asked when peple wuld be able t return hme.
1. What are the tense changes in indirect speech? Present simple becmes past tense; Present cntinuus becmes past cntinuus; Past simple remains past simple r becmes past perfect; Present perfect becmes past perfect.
2. Which ther wrds change? Time phrases.3. What wrd is added when a yes/n questin is reprted? If.
引述某人的話可采用兩種形式：一種是直接引語(yǔ)，即原封不動(dòng)地引用原話，將其放在引號(hào)內(nèi)；另一種是間接引語(yǔ)，即用自己的話加以轉(zhuǎn)述，被轉(zhuǎn)述的內(nèi)容不放在引號(hào)內(nèi)。
陳述句→由that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句，引述動(dòng)詞通常用ask, tell等；如果直接引語(yǔ)講的是客觀事實(shí)或真理，變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，時(shí)態(tài)不變。eg The teacher said t us, “Light travels faster than sund.” →The teacher tld us that light travels faster than sund.
一般疑問(wèn)句→由連詞whether或if引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句，其主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞常用ask, wnder, want t knw等。eg Mther asked me, “Have yu finished yur hmewrk?” →Mther asked me whether/if I had finished my hmewrk.
選擇疑問(wèn)句→由whether ... r引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句。eg “Are yu ging t Beijing r Shanghai fr the hlidays?” she asked. →She asked me whether I was ging t Beijing r Shanghai fr the hlidays.
反意疑問(wèn)句→由連詞whether或if引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句。eg “Yu dn’t like rck music, d yu?” he said. →He asked me whether/if I liked rck music.
特殊疑問(wèn)句→由連接代詞或連接副詞引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句。eg “Hw many sleeping pills have yu taken?” asked the nurse. →The nurse asked me hw many sleeping pills I had taken.
表示請(qǐng)求、勸告、建議等意義的疑問(wèn)句變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)：suggest + ding或ask/advise +賓語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞不定式。eg “What abut starting early tmrrw mrning?” Jack said. →Jack suggested starting early tmrrw mrning.
“Why dn’t yu take the rest f the day ff?” asked my assistant.→My assistant advised me t take the rest f the day ff.
祈使句→動(dòng)詞+賓語(yǔ)+不定式。常見(jiàn)引述動(dòng)詞有tell, rder, ask, warn。如果祈使句為否定式，則在不定式前加nt。
eg He said t Ann, “Tell me yur prblem.” →He tld Ann t tell him her prblem. “Be careful with the dg, bys,” she said. →She warned the bys t be careful with the dg. “Dn’t wrk in bed, Tm,” she said. →She tld Tm nt t wrk in bed.
【注意】1. 時(shí)態(tài)變化 如果主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是一般過(guò)去時(shí)，直接引語(yǔ)變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞在時(shí)態(tài)方面要做相應(yīng)的變化。
2. 人稱(chēng)變化 一隨主、二隨賓、第三人稱(chēng)不更新。 一隨主：直接引語(yǔ)中第一人稱(chēng)變?yōu)榕c主句的主語(yǔ)相一致的人稱(chēng)。 二隨賓：直接引語(yǔ)中第二人稱(chēng)變?yōu)楹烷g接賓語(yǔ)（即聽(tīng)話人）相一致的人稱(chēng)。 第三人稱(chēng)不更新：直接引語(yǔ)中第三人稱(chēng)變?yōu)殚g接賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，人稱(chēng)不變。
3. 指示代詞、時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)、地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)和動(dòng)詞的變化。 直接引語(yǔ)變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，指示代詞、時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)、地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)和某些動(dòng)詞通常要相應(yīng)變化。 this -- that ；these -- thse；nw -- then ；tnight -- that night ；tmrrw -- the next / fllwing day；yesterday -- the day befre；here -- there；cme -- g。
that day, that night
that week / mnth …
指示代詞/時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)/地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)等的變化
the day befre
ten days … befre
the next day/year…
注意：以上變化要根據(jù)實(shí)際情況而定，決不能機(jī)械照搬。如果就在當(dāng)天轉(zhuǎn)述，yesterday, tmrrw等時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)不必改變；如果就在當(dāng)?shù)剞D(zhuǎn)述，here不必變?yōu)閠here。4. 語(yǔ)序變化直接引語(yǔ)如果是疑問(wèn)句，變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，要把疑問(wèn)句語(yǔ)序變?yōu)殛愂鼍湔Z(yǔ)序。
D a survey n what yur grup members are ding t help the envirnment and what else they can d. Then reprt t the class.
I asked my grup members what they did t limit the amunt f carbn dixide prduced in their daily lives. Jack tld me that he ften walked r rde a bike instead f taking a taxi. Je advised us t share bks with thers. Sally asked us…
直接引語(yǔ)變間接引語(yǔ)需注意：1. 時(shí)態(tài)變化2. 人稱(chēng)變化3. 指示代詞、時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)、地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)和動(dòng)詞的變化4. 語(yǔ)序變化
根據(jù)示例，用括號(hào)內(nèi)的詞轉(zhuǎn)述下面句子。Example:Anna t Janet: Dn’t frget t sign the frm. (remind)Anna reminded Janet t sign the frm. 1. Jack: I’ll d my hmewrk after class. (say)
Jack said (that) he wuld d his hmewrk after class.
2. Jhn: Tm, were yu playing ftball at this time yesterday? (ask)3. Kate: What is yur favrite bk, Je? (ask)
Jhn asked Tm if/whether he was playing ftball at that time the day befre.
Kate asked Je what his favrite bk was.
4. Sally: Let’s g t see the film. (suggest)5. Peter: Cme t my huse at 8:30 tmrrw, Neil. (tell)6. The teacher: Light travels faster than sund. (say)
Sally suggested ging t see the film. / Sally suggested that they (shuld) g t see the film.
Peter tld Neil t g t his huse at 8:30 the next day.
The teacher said (that) light travels faster than sund.
將下面的直接引語(yǔ)變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)。1. The hstess said t me, “Please put yur cat in the washing machine.” The hstess asked me t put my cat in the washing machine.2. The teacher said, “Cme t schl n time tmrrw, Tm.” The teacher tld Tm t g t schl n time the next day.
3. The dctr said t him, “Dn’t drink t much.” The dctr tld him nt t drink t much.4. “Change yur dirty unifrm,” the bss said t the clerk. The bss rdered the clerk t change his dirty unifrm.
Finish Activity 2 in page 29.Make 5 sentences by using direct speech and indirect speech.

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