過去進(jìn)行時(shí)
一、定義及結(jié)構(gòu)
1. 定義
過去進(jìn)行時(shí)，是表示過去某個(gè)具體時(shí)刻正在進(jìn)行的事情或動(dòng)作。
2. 結(jié)構(gòu)：be (過去式）+ 動(dòng)詞-ing
二、用法
1. 過去進(jìn)行時(shí)的主要用法是描述一件事情發(fā)生的背景；一個(gè)長動(dòng)作發(fā)生的時(shí)候，另一個(gè)短動(dòng)作發(fā)生。常用的時(shí)間狀語when，while。
? My brther fell while he was riding his bicycle. 我哥哥騎自行車的時(shí)候從車上摔了下來。
? It was raining when they left the statin. 他們離開車站的時(shí)候天正在下雨。
? They left the statin while it was raining. 天正在下雨的時(shí)候他們離開了車站。
? When I gt t the tp f the muntain, the sun was shining. 當(dāng)我到達(dá)山頂?shù)臅r(shí)候，陽光燦爛。
【易混辨析】
2. 過去進(jìn)行時(shí)可以表示在過去某個(gè)時(shí)間點(diǎn)發(fā)生的事情。時(shí)間點(diǎn)可以用介詞短語、副詞或從句來表示。常用的時(shí)間狀語：this mrning，the whle mrning，all day yesterday，frm nine t ten last evening。
? What was she ding at nine ’clck yesterday? 昨天晚上九點(diǎn)她在做什么？（介詞短語表示時(shí)間點(diǎn)）
? When I saw him he was decrating his rm. 當(dāng)我看見他的時(shí)候他正在裝飾房間。（when從句表示時(shí)間點(diǎn)）
? We were watching TV frm seven t nine last night. 昨天晚上七點(diǎn)到九點(diǎn)的時(shí)候我們在看電視。
? What was he researching all day last Sunday? 上周日他一整天都在研究什么？
3. 在復(fù)合句中，如果主要?jiǎng)幼骱捅尘皠?dòng)作都是延續(xù)的或同時(shí)發(fā)生的，那么主從句的動(dòng)詞都可用過去進(jìn)行時(shí)。
? While he was waiting fr the bus, he was reading a newspaper. 他邊等車邊看報(bào)紙。（兩個(gè)動(dòng)作都是延續(xù)性的）
? He was cleaning his car while I was cking. 他擦車時(shí)我在做飯。（兩個(gè)動(dòng)作同時(shí)進(jìn)行）
4. 通常不能用于過去進(jìn)行時(shí)的動(dòng)詞主要有：agree，be，believe，belng，care，frget，hate，have(擁有)，hear，knw，like，lve，mean，mind，ntice，wn，remember，seem，suppse，understand，want，wish等。
誤：I was knwing the answer.
正：I knew the answer. 我知道答案。
誤：I wasn’t understanding him.
正：I didn’t understand him. 我不明白他的意思。
三、與一般過去時(shí)的區(qū)別
1. 一般過去時(shí)敘述舊事，過去進(jìn)行時(shí)描述背景。
A. 一般過去時(shí)
（1）敘述過去狀態(tài)、動(dòng)作或事件
? He went t Beijing the ther day.（帶具體時(shí)間）
（2）表示過去的習(xí)慣
①wuld，used t與過去時(shí)
wuld 表間斷性不規(guī)則的習(xí)慣，常帶頻率時(shí)間；used t 表一貫性有規(guī)律的習(xí)慣。
? They used t meet and wuld smetimes exchange ne r tw wrds.
? He smked a lt tw years ag. （過去行為）
② wuld不可用于句首，只表示過去的習(xí)慣。used t表示今昔對比的含義，敘述習(xí)慣動(dòng)作時(shí)可與wuld 換用。
? When he was a by, he wuld ften g there. （敘述過去）
? She isn’t what she used t be. （今昔對比）
③表示狀態(tài)時(shí)一般只用used t
? Tm used t be fat /There used t stand a tree there. （狀態(tài)）
④was (were) used t +v-ing表示＂合適于，適應(yīng)于……＂
? He used t wrk at night. （＂習(xí)慣＂，表經(jīng)常）
? He was used t wrking at night. （＂習(xí)慣＂，表適應(yīng)）
（3）表示過去的經(jīng)歷，平行動(dòng)作，依次事件用一般過去時(shí)。
? He sat there and listened t the radi. （依次發(fā)生）
（4）表示客氣委婉的語氣，用于情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，助動(dòng)詞和want，wnder，hpe等
? Hw did yu like the film?
? Culd yu help me?
B. 過去進(jìn)行時(shí)
（1）表示在過去某階段或某一時(shí)刻正在發(fā)生的動(dòng)作
? What were yu ding at 8:30 last night? （過去某時(shí)刻正在發(fā)生）
（2）與always，ften，usually等連用表示喜愛、討厭等感情色彩。
? He was always changing his mind.
C. 進(jìn)行時(shí)表某一行為的＂片斷＂；一般時(shí)表示行為的＂整體＂和存在的狀態(tài)。
? I was reading the bk at that time. （未讀完，＂讀＂的片段）
? I read the bk yesterday. （已讀完，表整個(gè)＂讀＂）
D. 表示在過去的某段時(shí)間里一直反復(fù)持續(xù)進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。
? It was raining all night.
? He was writing a letter the whle f afternn.
E. while時(shí)間狀語從句中用短暫動(dòng)詞時(shí)只能用進(jìn)行時(shí)。
? He brke a chair while he was jumping up and dwn.
F. while 所在主從句動(dòng)作大致持續(xù)相等時(shí)主從句一般都用進(jìn)行時(shí)，但若是持續(xù)動(dòng)詞可都用一般過去時(shí)，兩個(gè)動(dòng)作一長一短時(shí)短的用一般時(shí)，長的用進(jìn)行時(shí)。
? I was cking the dinner while he was playing the pian. （平行）
? I cked the dinner while he played the pian.
? I saw him while I was walking t the statin.
【注意】
英語中有四類動(dòng)詞一般不用進(jìn)行時(shí)（不用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)和過去進(jìn)行時(shí)）
（1）表心理狀態(tài)、情感的動(dòng)詞，如lve，hate，like，care，respect，please，prefer，knw等，若用進(jìn)行時(shí)則詞意改變。
? I’m frgetting it. ( =beginning t frget )
（2）表示存在、狀態(tài)的動(dòng)詞，如appear，exist，lie，remain，stand，seem等。
（3）表示感覺的動(dòng)詞，如see，hear，feel，smell，sund，taste等。
（4）表示人的期待、允諾、拒絕、結(jié)束的詞，如accept，allw，admit，decide，end，refuse，permit，prmise等。
1. Mary _____________ a dress when she cut her finger.
A. madeB. is making
C. was makingD. makes
【答案】C
2. As she _____________ the newspaper, Granny _____________ asleep.
A. read；was fallingB. was reading；fell
C. was reading；was fallingD. read；fell
【答案】B
【解析】句中的as = when，描述一件事發(fā)生的背景時(shí)，用過去進(jìn)行；一個(gè)長動(dòng)作發(fā)生的時(shí)候，另一個(gè)短動(dòng)作發(fā)生。句意為 ＂在她看報(bào)紙時(shí)，奶奶睡著了。＂句中的 fell (fall的過去式)，是系動(dòng)詞，后跟形容詞，如：fall sick。時(shí)間從句的動(dòng)作長，而＂入睡＂動(dòng)作短，故前者用過去進(jìn)行時(shí)，而較短動(dòng)詞用一般過去時(shí)，選B。
3. Tm _____________ int the huse when n ne _____________.
A. slipped；was lkingB. Had slipped；lked
C. slipped；had lkedD. was slipping；lked
【答案】A
4. I _____________ my hmewrk last night, s I didn’t have any free time.
A. dB. am dingC. didD. was ding
【答案】D
【解析】此題用語境聯(lián)想法。結(jié)合語境分析可知強(qiáng)調(diào)＂昨天晚上我一直在做作業(yè)＂，符合過去進(jìn)行時(shí)的用法。部分同學(xué)受last night及didn’t的影響易誤用一般過去時(shí)。學(xué).科.網(wǎng)
Ⅰ. 用所給短語的適當(dāng)形式填空
1. At the time f the rainstrm, Mr. Allen ______________________________ (sweep the flr).
2. When I left hme, my sister ______________________________ (d ne’s hmewrk).
3. At 10:00 this mrning, Old Henry ______________________________ (wait fr the bus).
4. While Jim was reading, Bb and Jill ______________________________ (play basketball).
5. Frm 7:00 t 8:00 yesterday evening, Mrs. Brwn ______________________________ (shp at the supermarket).
Ⅱ. 用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空
1. While I ___________________ (sit) in the barber’s chair, my mm ___________________ (phne) me.
2. The students ___________________ (have) a math class when the visitrs ___________________ (cme) in.
3. They were practicing ___________________ (speak) English when I came in.
4. I had sme truble in ___________________ (talk) with the freigner.
5. My mther was reading while I ___________________ (wait fr) the bus.
6. At this time yesterday, I ___________________ (read) newspapers while Susan ___________________ (play) the pian.
7. Tm ___________________ (dance) with his friends when I saw him.
8. Tmmy ___________________ (sing) a sng in his rm when his father wrked n the cmputer.
9. —What ___________________ yu ___________________ (d) at ten ’clck yesterday?
—I ___________________ (study) in class.
10. He said he ___________________ (leave) fr Hng Kng the next day.
Ⅲ. 翻譯句子
1. 昨天這個(gè)時(shí)候你們英語老師在做什么？她在和一些家長談話嗎？
_____________________________________________________________________________________
2. 當(dāng)我離開的時(shí)候他正在畫一幅世界地圖。
_____________________________________________________________________________________
3. ——當(dāng)你看見他們的時(shí)候他們在干什么？
——他們在打掃教室。
_____________________________________________________________________________________
4. 那時(shí)二班的學(xué)生沒在操場上踢足球，他們在打籃球。
_____________________________________________________________________________________
5. 一天，母親下班回家的時(shí)候，約翰在寫給一個(gè)朋友寫信。
_____________________________________________________________________________________
6. ——上周五的下午，學(xué)生們在干什么？
——他們一直在往墻上貼海報(bào)。
_____________________________________________________________________________________
7. 昨天這個(gè)時(shí)候，一些學(xué)生在植樹，一些學(xué)生在給小樹澆水。
_____________________________________________________________________________________
8. 老師走進(jìn)教室的時(shí)候，學(xué)術(shù)們正在談?wù)摦?dāng)天的新聞。
_____________________________________________________________________________________
9. 老虎等猴子的時(shí)候，他聽到一個(gè)聲音。
_____________________________________________________________________________________
10. ——今天上午放學(xué)的時(shí)候在下雨嗎？
——是的，天正下著大雨。
_____________________________________________________________________________________
Ⅳ. 按要求完成句子
1. Kate was drawing pictures when her mther came back. (改為否定句)
Kate _____________ _____________ pictures when her mther came back.
2. She was babysitting her sister at this time yesterday. (改為一般疑問句并作否定回答)
—_____________ she _____________ her sister at this time yesterday?
—N, she _____________.
3. They were having a party when I kncked at the dr. (對畫線部分提問)
_____________ _____________ they _____________ when yu kncked at the dr?
4. He was listening t music at that time. (改為否定句)
He _____________ _____________ t music at that time.
5. They were playing basketball at this time yesterday. (對畫線部分提問)
_____________ _____________ they _____________ at this time yesterday?
6. Was Tm playing the pian when yu came in? (作出否定回答)
_____________, he _____________.
7. Tm did hmewrk at hme yesterday.(用at that time yesterday改寫句子)
Tm________ ________hmewrk at hme at that time yesterday.
8. Jim was reading. Kate was ding her hmewrk.(合并成一句)
Jim was reading ________ Kate was ding her hmewrk.
= 5 \* ROMAN V. 單項(xiàng)選擇
1.（2016﹒安徽）I saw Sam and David in the playgrund yesterday afternn. They _____________ games with their classmates then.
A. playB. will play
C. are playingD. were playing
2.（2016﹒成都）—Lily, where is yur father nw? G and get him fr lunch.
—Just a mment, please. Father _____________ a phne call in his rm.
A. makesB. is makingC. was making
3.（2016﹒十堰）—I shuted t yu at the gate, but yu didn’t hear me.
—Really? I _____________ a telephne call t my mther.
A. makeB. was making
C. madeD. have made
4.（2016﹒黑龍江大慶）—Where were yu when I called?
—I _____________ n the bed.
A. liedB. was lying
C. layD. was lieing
5.（2016﹒黑龍江龍東地區(qū)）He _____________ newspapers when the earthquake happened in Japan.
A. was lking thrughB. lked thrughC. had lked thrugh
6.（2016﹒天津中考）My mther _____________ dinner when I gt hme yesterday.
A. has ckedB. was cking
C. will ckD. cks
7.（2016﹒江蘇鎮(zhèn)江）The engineers _____________ a new cmputer in ur classrm the whle yesterday mrning, s we had ur classes in the schl hall.
A. were fixingB. fixed
C. have fixedD. are fixing
8.（2016﹒黑龍江哈爾濱）—Culd yu tell me where yu fund Miss Ga just nw?
—Certainly. In the principal’s ffice. They _____________ happily at that lime.
A. are talkingB. have talkedC. were talking
9.（2016﹒湖北恩施州）—Where is yur father?
—I dn’t knw, but he _____________ the car when I left just nw.
A. is washingB. washedC. was washing
10. —Lucy, what were yu ding at nine last night？
—I _____________ the pian. I usually practice the pian at that time.
A. playB. played
C. was playingD. am playing
11. —Has David finished his prject yet?
—I guess nt. He _____________ n it at lunch time. D yu want me t cnfirm it?
A. is wrkingB. was wrking
C. has wrkedD. had wrked
12. —Yesterday Suzy fell ver and was hurt badly while she _____________ a snwball.
—I’m srry t hear that.
A. madeB. was making
C. makesD. is making
13. —I called yu at 8：00 yesterday evening, but n ne answered.
—Srry. I _____________ clthes fr my parents at that time.
A. washB. washed
C. am washingD. was washing
14. We _____________ when the terrrists killed the peple in Kunming n the night f March 1, 2014.
A. were watching TVB. are watching TV
C. watched TVD. watch TV
15. —It seems that yu are happy. Why?
—I met an ld friend f mine while I _____________ n the street.
A. walksB. walk
C. was walkingD. am walking
16. —What were yu ding when we were playing basketball yesterday afternn？
—I _____________ the classrm.
A. was cleaningB. have cleaned
C. will cleanD. clean
17. The girl _____________ dwn the street when the UFO landed.
A. is walkingB. was walkingC. has played
18. When he _____________ TV, his mther came in.
A. watchesB. is watching
C. watchedD. was watching
19. Sally tk a pht f her friends while they _____________ cmputer games.
A. playB. are playing
C. have playedD. were playing
= 6 \* ROMAN VI. 完形填空
Illegal (違法的) driving is really dangerus. It may cause traffic accidents, even deaths. It 1 that thusands f peple die frm illegal driving each year. Many cuntries are trying their best t 2 it. France, fr example, has made sme strict rules and laws t stp it.
Peple are warned nt t eat while driving. Any driver wh is caught 3 while at the wheel will be stpped by the plice. Then he will be fined （罰）up t ? 50 fr it.
Drivers are nt allwed t read a map, make a phne call r listen t very 4 music while driving. Besides, it is against the rules fr the mtrists（ 汽車司機(jī) ） t use any kind f earphnes. Things change easily n the rad. Drivers never knw 5 will happen next.
Frm July 2 n, it will be illegal t smke 6 there is a child aged 12 r under in the car. Smking is als banned (禁止) utdrs at children’s play areas, 7 thse at mtrway rest areas. 8 in several languages have been put up at statins t warn freign visitrs f the rules.
Driving after drinking 9 put peple in danger. All the drivers are asked t carry alchl breath test equipment (酒精測試儀) in their ears. Anyne wh breaks the rules will be 10 .
1. A. is reprted B. is rdered C. is given D. is managed
2. A. share B. suffer C. fund D. cntrl
3. A. singing B. smking C. eating D. reading
4. A. beautiful B. lud C. quiet D. magical
5. A. where B. hw C. what D. why
6. A. when B. befre C. after D. s that
7. A. withut B. frm C. except D. including
8. A. newspapers B. ntices C. magazines D. infrmatin
9. A. must B. can C. wuldn’t D. can’t
10. A. encuraged B. influenced C. punished D. wken
= 7 \* ROMAN VII. 短文填空
One day, all feelings were n vacatin n an island, and each was having 1 gd time. Suddenly, there’s a warning f a strng strm, s they all rushed t their bats. Yet, Lve didn’t wish t run away quickly. But as the cluds darkened, Lve realized it was time 2 . But there were n bats t use. Lve lked arund with hpe.
Just then Richness was passing by. Lve asked, ＂Richness, can yu take me with yu?＂ Richness answered, ＂N, I can’t. There’s a lt f gld in my bat. There’s n place here 3 yu. ＂
Srrw passed by after a while. Again, Lve asked fr help. But it was 4 . ＂N, I can’t take yu with me. I am s sad. I want t be by 5 .＂
When Happiness passed by a few 6 later, Lve again asked fr help. But Happiness was s happy that it culdn’t care abut anyne else.
Lve was grwing hpeless. Just then smebdy 7 ,＂Cme, Lve, I will take yu with me.＂ Lve didn’t knw wh was s kind, but jumped nt the bat 8 .
After getting ff the bat, Lve met Knwledge. Lve asked, ＂Knwledge, d yu knw wh was s kind t give me a lift 9 n ne else wished t help?＂
Knwledge smiled, ＂That was Time.＂
＂Time?＂ asked Lve. ＂But why did Time help me?＂ Knwledge smiled and answered, ＂Because nly Time is able t understand 10 valuable Lve is.＂
Ⅰ. 用所給短語的適當(dāng)形式填空
1. was sweeping the flr2. was ding her hmewrk3. was waiting fr the bus
4. were playing basketball5. was shpping at the supermarket
Ⅱ. 用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空
1. was sitting；phned2. were having；came3. speaking4. talking
5. was waiting fr6. was reading；was playing7. was dancing8. was singing
9. were；ding；was studying10. was leaving
Ⅲ. 翻譯句子
1. What was yu English teacher ding this time yesterday? Was she talking with sme parents?
2. When I left, he was drawing a map f the wrld.
3. —What were they ding when yu saw them?
—They were cleaning the classrm.
4. At that time the Class Tw students were nt playing ftball in the playgrund. They were playing basketball.
5. One day Jhn was writing t ne f his friends when his mthers came back frm wrk.
6. —What were the students ding the whle afternn last Friday?
—They were putting up the psters n the wall.
—Yes, it was raining heavily.
Ⅳ. 按要求完成句子
1. wasn’t drawing2. Was；babysitting；wasn’t3. What were；ding
4. wasn’t listening5. What were；ding6. N；wasn’t
7. was ding8. while
= 5 \* ROMAN V. 單項(xiàng)選擇
1. D 【解析】考查句子時(shí)態(tài)。句意：昨天下午我在操場上看見了薩姆和戴維。他們當(dāng)時(shí)在與他們的同學(xué)玩游戲。根據(jù)語境及時(shí)間狀語then可知，這里指昨天下午的那個(gè)時(shí)候正在發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，應(yīng)用過去進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)表達(dá)。故選D。學(xué)科-網(wǎng)
2. B 【解析】考查句子的時(shí)態(tài)。句意：——莉莉，你爸爸現(xiàn)在在哪里？去讓他來吃午飯。——請稍等一會(huì)兒。爸爸正在他的房間里打電話。由語境可知，這里指現(xiàn)在正在打電話，所以用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)。故選B。
3. B 【解析】過去進(jìn)行時(shí)。句意：——我在門口大聲喊你，但是你沒有聽見?！娴膯?？我正在給我媽媽打電話。根據(jù)上句I shuted t yu at the gate, but yu didn’t hear me和答語Really?可推測出答語應(yīng)為：我正在給我媽媽打電話，因?yàn)榫渲忻枋龅氖沁^去正在發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，故用過去進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)；＂主語+ was/were+現(xiàn)在分詞＂；因?yàn)橹髡Z是I，故填was making；故選B。
4. B 【解析】考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。句意：——我打電話時(shí)，你在哪兒？——我躺在床上。表示一個(gè)過去的動(dòng)作發(fā)生時(shí)，另一個(gè)過去的動(dòng)作正在發(fā)生，句子用過去進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)。lie的現(xiàn)在分詞是lying。故選B。
5. A 【解析】考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)辨析。句意：當(dāng)日本地震發(fā)生時(shí)，他正在瀏覽報(bào)紙。A. was lking thrugh過去進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)；B. lked thrugh一般過去時(shí)態(tài)；C. had lked thrugh過去完成時(shí)態(tài)。一個(gè)過去動(dòng)作發(fā)生時(shí)，另一個(gè)過去動(dòng)作正在發(fā)生，把正在發(fā)生的過去動(dòng)作用成過去進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)。故選A。
7. A 【解析】考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。句意：這位工程師昨天整個(gè)上午一直在我們的教室里安裝新電腦，所以我們在學(xué)校的大廳里上的課。A. were fixing過去進(jìn)行時(shí)；B. fixed 一般過去時(shí)；C. have fixed現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)；D. are fixing現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)。根據(jù)時(shí)間the whle yesterday mrning可知用過去進(jìn)行時(shí)，故選A。
8. C 【解析】考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。句意：——你能告訴我剛才你在哪里找的高小姐了嗎？——當(dāng)然可以。在校長辦公室。那個(gè)時(shí)候他們正在愉快地交談。A. are talking 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)；B. have talked現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)；C. were talking過去進(jìn)行時(shí)。根據(jù)語境可知用過去進(jìn)行時(shí)，故選C。
9. C 【解析】考查過去進(jìn)行時(shí)。句意：——你爸爸在哪里？——我不知道。但是剛才當(dāng)我離開的時(shí)候他在洗車。根據(jù)設(shè)空處when引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句用了一般過去時(shí)，判斷設(shè)空處的動(dòng)作在過去某個(gè)時(shí)刻，即＂當(dāng)我離開時(shí)＂正在進(jìn)行著，且動(dòng)作在一段時(shí)間內(nèi)持續(xù)進(jìn)行，所以用過去進(jìn)行時(shí)，過去進(jìn)行時(shí)的構(gòu)成是：主語+was/were+動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞，主語是he，所以be動(dòng)詞用was，故選C。
10. C 【解析】考查過去進(jìn)行時(shí)。句意：——Lucy，昨晚九點(diǎn)的時(shí)候你正在做什么？——我正在彈鋼琴。我通常在那個(gè)時(shí)候練習(xí)彈鋼琴。問句中的＂at nine last night＂表示在過去某一個(gè)時(shí)刻，由此判斷使用過去進(jìn)行時(shí)，故直接選C。
11. B 【解析】考查過去進(jìn)行時(shí)。句意：——戴維完成了他的計(jì)劃了嗎？——我猜沒有，他午餐時(shí)間還在工作，你想讓我證實(shí)一下嗎？根據(jù)I guess nt. He ___________ n it at lunch time可知他午餐時(shí)間正在工作，再由D yu want me t cnfirm it可知應(yīng)用過去進(jìn)行時(shí)，故選B。
12. B 【解析】考查過去進(jìn)行時(shí)。句意：——昨天Suzy在堆雪球的時(shí)候摔倒了，傷得很厲害?！衣牭侥莻€(gè)消息很難過。while一般后跟進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)，Yesterday Suzy fell ver and hurt badly是本題的時(shí)間狀語從句，它提供了本題的具體時(shí)間標(biāo)志，結(jié)合while的用法，本題應(yīng)用過去進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)，所以選B。
13. D 【解析】考查過去進(jìn)行時(shí)。句意：——我昨天晚上八點(diǎn)給你打了電話，但是沒人接聽?！獙Σ黄?。那個(gè)時(shí)候，我正在給我父母洗衣服。過去進(jìn)行時(shí)的構(gòu)成：was/were+現(xiàn)在分詞，表示在過去某時(shí)刻正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作；根據(jù)＂I called yu at 8：00 yesterday evening＂打電話的時(shí)候是一個(gè)過去的時(shí)間，以及＂at that time＂可知我那時(shí)正在洗衣服而沒能接電話，不能使用一般過去時(shí)，一般過去時(shí)只是表示過去某個(gè)時(shí)間發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，所以要用過去進(jìn)行時(shí)，故選D。
14. A 【解析】考查過去進(jìn)行時(shí)。句意：2014年3月1號晚上，當(dāng)恐怖分子在昆明殺人的時(shí)候我們在看電視。根據(jù)when引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句用了一般過去時(shí)，判斷主句中設(shè)空處的動(dòng)作在過去某個(gè)時(shí)刻正在進(jìn)行著，且動(dòng)作在一段時(shí)間內(nèi)持續(xù)進(jìn)行，所以用過去進(jìn)行時(shí)，過去進(jìn)行時(shí)的構(gòu)成是：主語+was/were+動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞，主語是we，所以be動(dòng)詞用were，故選A.
16. A 【解析】考查過去進(jìn)行時(shí)。句意：——昨天下午當(dāng)我們正在打籃球時(shí)你正在干什么？——我正在打掃教室。根據(jù)＂What were yu ding when we were playing basketball yesterday afternn？＂中的＂What were yu ding＂可知，問的是過去的某個(gè)時(shí)間點(diǎn)正在發(fā)生的事，要用過去進(jìn)行時(shí)，其構(gòu)成：主語+ was/were + ding，故選A。[來源:Z*xx*k.Cm]
17. B 【解析】考查過去進(jìn)行時(shí)。句意：當(dāng)不明飛行物著陸的時(shí)候，那個(gè)女孩正沿著街道走。根據(jù)when引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句用了一般過去時(shí)，判斷設(shè)空處的動(dòng)作在過去某個(gè)時(shí)刻，即＂不明飛行物著陸的時(shí)候＂正在進(jìn)行著，且動(dòng)作在一段時(shí)間內(nèi)持續(xù)進(jìn)行，所以用過去進(jìn)行時(shí)，過去進(jìn)行時(shí)的構(gòu)成是：主語+ was/were+動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞，故選B。
18. D 【解析】考查過去進(jìn)行時(shí)。句意：當(dāng)他正在看電視時(shí)，媽媽進(jìn)來了。分析句中的兩個(gè)動(dòng)作可知，一個(gè)動(dòng)作發(fā)生時(shí)，另一個(gè)動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行；再根據(jù)his mther came in是過去時(shí)，故用過去進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)，故選D。
19. D 【解析】考查過去進(jìn)行時(shí)。句意：當(dāng)她的朋友們玩電腦游戲時(shí)，她給他們拍了一張相片。while當(dāng)……的時(shí)候，引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句用進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)，她給他們拍了一張相片用的是一般過去時(shí)，因此朋友們玩電子游戲應(yīng)該用過去進(jìn)行時(shí)，強(qiáng)調(diào)過去正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作，過去進(jìn)行時(shí)的構(gòu)成：主語 + was/were +動(dòng)詞-ing + 其他，故選D。
= 6 \* ROMAN VI. 完形填空
【語篇解讀】本文介紹了違法駕駛的危害。會(huì)導(dǎo)致交通事故或死亡。文中介紹了如何安全駕駛以及違法行為應(yīng)該受到懲罰。
1. A句意：據(jù)報(bào)道，每年有成千上萬的人死于非法駕駛。A. is reprted“據(jù)報(bào)道”；B. is rdered“被命令的”；C. is given“給予的”；D. is managed“被管理”。結(jié)合句意可知A正確。
2. D句意：許多國家正在盡力控制它。A. share “分享”；B. suffer “遭受”；C. fund “發(fā)現(xiàn)”；D. cntrl“控制”。由句意可知D正確。
3. C句意：任何在駕駛時(shí)吃東西的司機(jī)都會(huì)被警察攔下。A. singing“唱歌”；B. smking “吸煙”；C. eating“吃東西”；D. reading“讀”。 由上文的句子“Peple are warned nt t eat while driving.”可知，人們警告開車時(shí)不要吃東西。故選C。
4. B句意：開車時(shí)，司機(jī)不允許看地圖、打電話或聽大聲的音樂。A. beautiful“漂亮的”； B. lud“大聲的”；C. quiet“安靜的”；D. magical“有魔力的”。根據(jù)生活常識可知，大聲的音樂會(huì)導(dǎo)致司機(jī)分神。故選B。
7. D句意：在室外兒童游樂區(qū)吸煙也是被禁止，包括那些在高速公路休息區(qū)。A. withut“無”；B. frm“從”；C. except“除了……之外”；D. including“包括”。結(jié)合句意可知D正確。
8. B句意：車站張貼了幾種語言的告示，警告外國游客遵守規(guī)則。A. newspapers “報(bào)紙”； B. ntices“告示”；C. magazines“雜志”；D. infrmatin“信息”。根據(jù)句意可知B正確。
9. B句意：酒后駕車會(huì)使人處于危險(xiǎn)之中。A. must “必須”；B. can “能”；C. wuldn’t “不”；D. can’t“不能”。該空說明了酒后駕駛的危害。因此選B。
10. C句意：任何違反規(guī)則的人都將受到懲罰。A. encuraged“鼓勵(lì)”；B. influenced“影響”； C. punished“懲罰”；D. wken“醒著的”。由句意可知任何違反制度的人將會(huì)受到懲罰。故選C。
= 8 \* ROMAN VIII. 短文填空
【文章大意】這篇短文含有很深的寓意。所有的情感都在度假，他們玩得都很開心。后來強(qiáng)風(fēng)來了，他們紛紛跳上小船。只有Lve不著急。但后來烏云更多了，他不得不離開。他先后向Richness，Srrw，Happiness 求助，他們都不幫他。最后Time很熱心，幫助了他。
1. a 【解析】考查固定短語及語境理解題。句意：一天，所有的情感都在一座島上度假，他們都玩得很開心。短語＂玩得很開心＂have a gd time，故填a。
2. t leave 【解析】考查固定句型及語境理解。句意：Lve意識到是該離開的時(shí)候了。固定句型：It’s time t d sth該做某事的時(shí)候了，故填t leave。
3. fr 【解析】考查介詞及語境理解。句意：這里沒有為你準(zhǔn)備的地方。故填fr。
6. minutes 【解析】考查名詞及語境理解。句意：幾分鐘之后，Happiness路過。＂幾分鐘之后＂a few minutes later，故填minutes。
7. shuted 【解析】考查動(dòng)詞及語境理解。句意：就在那時(shí)有人喊道：Lve，過來，我?guī)阕?，故填shuted。
8. happily 【解析】考查副詞及語境理解。句意：Lve不知道是誰那么善良，只是高興地跳上了小船，故填happily。
9. when 【解析】考查連詞及語境理解。句意：Knwledge，當(dāng)沒有人幫我的時(shí)候，你知道是誰讓我搭的船嗎？故填when。
10. hw 【解析】考查疑問詞及語境理解。句意：因?yàn)橹挥袝r(shí)間才能理解Lve是多么的有價(jià)值，故填hw。
when和while的區(qū)別
（1）when意為＂在……時(shí)；當(dāng)……的時(shí)候＂，常指在某個(gè)時(shí)間點(diǎn)，可表示時(shí)間點(diǎn)或時(shí)間段，由when引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句，主句用過去進(jìn)行時(shí)，從句用一般過去時(shí)。從句中的謂語動(dòng)詞可以是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，也可以是瞬間動(dòng)詞。
? I was just reading a bk when she came int my rm. 她走進(jìn)我房間時(shí)，我正在看書。
（2）while意為＂當(dāng)……的時(shí)候＂，只表示時(shí)間段，常指某個(gè)時(shí)間段，由while引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句，主句用一般過去時(shí)，從句用過去進(jìn)行時(shí)。從句謂語動(dòng)詞必須用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，且多用于進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)。強(qiáng)調(diào)主句與從句的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生或主句的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在從句的動(dòng)作過程中。
? While Jim was mending his bike, Lin Ta came t see him. 吉姆正在修他的自行車時(shí)，林濤來看他了。
when I happy a(n) leave useless fr minute hw shut

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初中英語人教新目標(biāo) (Go for it) 版八年級下冊電子課本

Section A

版本： 人教新目標(biāo) (Go for it) 版

年級： 八年級下冊

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