?必修3Unit 7　The Sea
主題: 人與自我　子話題: 自然環(huán)境、自然遺產(chǎn)保護　對應(yīng)教材: 必修3　Unit 7　The Sea; 選修8　Unit 22　Environmental Protection

Ⅰ. 細(xì)品味經(jīng)典文章
(2020·全國Ⅱ卷閱讀理解C)
　　When you were trying to figure out what to buy for the environmentalist on your holiday list, fur probably didn’t cross your mind. But some ecologists and fashion (時裝)enthusiasts are trying to bring back the market for fur made from nutria(海貍鼠).
Unusual fashion shows in New Orleans and Brooklyn have showcased nutria fur made into clothes in different styles. “It sounds crazy to talk about guilt-free fur—unless you understand that the nutria are destroying vast wetlands every year, ” says Cree McCree, project director of Righteous Fur.
Scientists in Louisiana were so concerned that they decided to pay hunters $5 a tail. Some of the fur ends up in the fashion shows like the one in Brooklyn last month.
Nutria were brought there from Argentina by fur farmers and let go into the wild. “The ecosystem down there can’t handle this non-native species(物種). It’s destroying the environment. It’s them or us, ” says Michael Massimi, an expert in this field.
The fur trade kept nutria in check for decades, but when the market for nutria collapsed in the late 1980s, the cat-sized animals multiplied like crazy.
Biologist Edmond Mouton runs the nutria control program for Louisiana. He says it’s not easy to convince people that nutria fur is green, but he has no doubt about it. Hunters bring in more than 300, 000 nutria tails a year, so part of Mouton’s job these days is trying to promote fur.
Then there’s Righteous Fur and its unusual fashions. Model Paige Morgan says, “To give people a guilt-free option that they can wear without someone throwing paint on them—I think that’s going to be a massive thing, at least here in New York. ” Designer Jennifer Anderson admits it took her a while to come around to the opinion that using nutria fur for her creations is morally acceptable. She’s trying to come up with a label to attach to nutria fashions to show it is eco-friendly.
Ⅱ. 按要求完成任務(wù)
1. 寫出文章中與科學(xué)和環(huán)境相關(guān)的單詞和短語。
environmentalist, ecologists, scientists, ecosystem, environment, biologist, eco-friendly
2. 你認(rèn)為環(huán)境遭到破壞的原因有哪些?
There are some factors that cause environmental damage, such as species invasion, deforestation, the increase of private cars, and so on. ?

Ⅰ. 重點詞匯
1. arrange vi. &vt. 安排, 準(zhǔn)備
【典型例句】
Even today at formal banquets people are arranged in a certain order, but in different areas, there are different rules concerning seat order.
即使是現(xiàn)在, (日常生活中)正規(guī)的宴會, 人們對座次仍然有特定的要求, 但各地的習(xí)慣卻并不一樣。
【詞塊必記】
(1)arrange (for sb. /sth. ) to do sth. 安排(某人/某物)做某事
arrange with sb. about (doing) sth. 就(做)某事與某人安排妥當(dāng)
arrange that. . . 　　　　　　 商定……; 安排……
(2)arrangement n. 整理; 安排; 布置
make arrangements for 為……做好安排
come to/reach an arrangement 談妥, 達成協(xié)議
【語境速測】 完成句子
①I have arranged for him(已經(jīng)安排他) to pick you up. ?
②We need to make arrangements for (為……做好安排)the coming final exam. ?
語段填詞
③Now everything for the conference to be held tomorrow has been arranged (已準(zhǔn)備就緒). I have arranged for Tom to pick up (安排 Tom 開車去接)the experts at the airport. Then I’m arranged to meet (安排接見)Mr Wang. In a word, all the arrangements we made (我們做出的所有安排)are completed. ?
【寫作金句】
We arranged for a car to collect them from the station.
我們安排了一輛轎車從車站接他們。
【誤區(qū)釋疑】　
(1)表示“安排某人做某事”用arrange for sb. to do sth. 而不用arrange sb. to do sth. 。
(2)arrange后接that從句時, 從句謂語動詞用“(should+)動詞原形”。
2. apologise/apologize vi. 道歉
【典型例句】
Many times the person who hurts you does not intend to apologise. They may have wanted to hurt you or they just don’t see things the same way.
很多時候, 傷害你的人并不打算道歉。他們可能是想傷害你, 或者只是看待事情的方式不一樣。
【詞塊必記】
(1)apologise to sb. for (doing) sth. 為(做)某事向某人道歉
apologise to sb. that. . . 向某人道歉……
(2)apology n. 道歉
offer/accept an apology 道歉/接受道歉
owe sb. an apology 應(yīng)向某人道歉
make an apology to sb. for sth. 因某事向某人道歉
【語境速測】 單句語法填空
①I must apologise to you for not being able to meet you.
②Had he not apologised(apologise) to her, she would not have forgiven him.
句型轉(zhuǎn)換
③The teacher made a suggestion that she should say sorry to her deskmate for her bad behavior.
→The teacher made a suggestion that she should apologise to her deskmate for her bad behavior. ?
→The teacher made a suggestion that she should make an apology to her deskmate for her bad behavior. ?
3. attract vt. 吸引; 引起……注意; 使喜愛; 引起……好感/愛慕
【典型例句】
Upon arrival at the tea house, the foreign students were attracted immediately by the unique tea pots and tea cups.
一到茶館﹐外國學(xué)生就被這里獨特的茶壺和茶杯所吸引。
【詞塊必記】
(1)attract sb. to sth. /sb. 　 某物/某人吸引某人; 某人對某人/某物有好感
attract one’s attention/interest 引起某人的注意/興趣
(2)attraction n. 吸引人的地方, 吸引力
(3)attractive adj. 有魅力的, 吸引人的
be attractive to sb. 對某人有吸引力
【語境速測】 單句語法填空
①Suddenly, a beautiful dress in the shop attracted (attract)my attention.
②A job in acting is becoming increasingly attractive (attract) to young people.
完成句子
③Attracted by the beauty of nature, the girl from London decided to spend another two days on the farm. ?
被自然的美吸引了, 這個來自倫敦的女孩決定在農(nóng)場再待兩天。
④What first attracted me to him was his sense of humour. ?
他首先吸引我的是他的幽默感。
4. recover v. 痊愈, 康復(fù); 恢復(fù)正常
【典型例句】
I immediately went to get her some medicine and then prepared some noodles for her. With my special care, my mother recovered quickly.
我馬上去給她拿了一些藥, 然后給她準(zhǔn)備了一些面條。在我的特別照顧下, 我母親很快就康復(fù)了。
【詞塊必記】
(1)recover from　 從……中恢復(fù)/康復(fù)
recover oneself 恢復(fù)正常; 使清醒
(2)recovery n. 康復(fù), 恢復(fù)
make a recovery 恢復(fù)/康復(fù)
【語境速測】 單句語法填空
①My father has made a full recovery(recover) from the operation.
②It can take many years to recover(recover) from the death of a loved one. ?
完成句子
③Having recovered from cancer(已經(jīng)從癌癥中恢復(fù)) after standing great pains, Smith had to try every means to recover losses(彌補損失) when he returned to the company. ?
5. measure vt. &vi. 測量, 估量, 衡量; (長度、數(shù)量)為　n. 測量, 尺度, 標(biāo)準(zhǔn), 措施, 辦法
【典型例句】
From the Earth’s perspective, the Sun moves through a year across the stars or celestial sphere along a path known as the ecliptic, which is measured in 360 degrees longitude.
從地球上觀測, 太陽一年里在恒星間或天球劃過的軌道稱為黃道, 以360度經(jīng)度來度量。
【詞塊必記】
measure. . . by. . . 　　 用……來衡量……
make sth. to one’s own measure 按某人自己的尺寸做某物
take measures to do sth. 采取措施做某事
take one’s measure 給某人量尺寸
in a/some measure 在某種程度上
【語境速測】 單句語法填空
①You should take effective measures(measure) to improve your working conditions.
②Urgent measures have been taken(take) to prevent car emission; but even so, its influence is still great enough to cause smog and acid rain. ?
語段填詞
③It’s generally acknowledged that education shouldn’t be measured only by examination results. What’s important is that the government should take measures to improve the quality of education. ?
普遍認(rèn)為教育不應(yīng)該單純用考試成績來衡量。重要的是, 政府應(yīng)該采取措施來提高教育質(zhì)量。
【誤區(qū)釋疑】　measure兩點須知
　　measure意為“有……長(寬、高、重)”時, 為不及物動詞, 常用主動形式。 measure表示“措施”時常用復(fù)數(shù)。
Ⅱ. 核心短語
6. make it to到達
【典型例句】
Hopefully, you would make it to our activity. I have the confidence that you will have a great time.
希望你能來參加我們的活動。我有信心你會玩得很開心。
【詞塊必記】
(1)make it　　　　(口語)取得成功, 做成; 設(shè)法做到; 達到目的; 設(shè)法安排
(2)make it+時間 表示約定時間
【語境速測】 單句語法填空
①It is no surprise that almost 20 people actually make it to the class and only 10 of them are still awake after the first 15 minutes.
②It was a real race against time to get the project done. Luckily, we made it.
完成句子
③We could still make it, but we won’t get there till three. ?
我們?nèi)钥梢在s到, 只不過要到3點才能到。
7. pick up 撿起; 搭車; 學(xué)會; 振作精神; 繼續(xù); 好轉(zhuǎn)
【典型例句】
On the farm, my classmates and I helped the farmers to pick up the ripe watermelons.
在農(nóng)場上, 我和同學(xué)們幫助農(nóng)民們摘熟西瓜。
【詞塊必記】
pick oneself up　 振作精神
pick up speed 加快速度
pick out 挑出; 辨認(rèn)出
pick off 摘去
【語境速測】 寫出黑體部分的含義
①Will you pick up all your toys? (收拾)
②My radio can pick up the BBC programmes clearly. (收聽)
③I’ll pick you up at your home tomorrow. (接載)
④It’s surprising that your brother picked up Russian so quickly —he hasn’t lived there very long. (偶然學(xué)會)
⑤Business has been depressed but they expect it to pick up again before Christmas. (好轉(zhuǎn))
8. in search of 尋找; 尋求
【典型例句】
A group of soldiers went into the woods in search of the missing pilot.
一隊士兵去森林尋找失蹤的飛行員。
【詞塊必記】
in one’s/the search for　　　 尋找, 尋求
search+someplace/somebody 搜查某地/搜身
search for 尋找
【語境速測】 介詞填空
①A department store has even opened a new lab, inviting customers on a journey into the store’s windows to smell books, pots and drawers, in search of their perfect scent.
②He is determined to go to the USA to search for a better life.
語段填詞
The customs were searching for drugs when I came through the airport. They searched everybody’s luggage for them, and they searched the man in front of me from head to foot. ?
我經(jīng)過機場時, 海關(guān)人員正在搜查毒品。他們檢查每個人的行李, 并且把我前面那個人從頭到腳搜了一遍。
Ⅲ. 經(jīng)典句式
9. Some fish can produce sounds almost twice as loud as your speaking voice! ?
一些魚可以制造出幾乎是你說話音量兩倍大的聲音!
【句型公式】
倍數(shù)的表達法:
(1)A is+倍數(shù)+as+adj. /adv. 原級+as+B
(2)A is+倍數(shù)+adj. /adv. 的比較級+than+B
(3)A is+倍數(shù)+the+n. +of+B
(4)A is+倍數(shù)+what從句, 表示“A是……的多少倍”
【誤區(qū)釋疑】　
(1)as. . . as結(jié)構(gòu)中兩個as之間要用形容詞或副詞的原級。
(2)在倍數(shù)表達中, 兩倍用twice/double, 三倍及三倍以上用“數(shù)詞+times”來表示, 還可以是分?jǐn)?shù), 百分?jǐn)?shù), half等。
【語境速測】 單句語法填空
①When you study the local map, you’ll find this town is twice the size of that one.
②The red ruler is three times longer(long) than the yellow one.
一句多譯
這張紅色桌子是黃色桌子的三倍長。
③The red desk is three times as long as the yellow one. ?
④The red desk is three times longer than the yellow one. ?
⑤The red desk is three times the length of the yellow one. ?
10. You certainly won’t find a noisier fish. ?
你肯定不會遇到比這更嘈雜的魚。
【典型例句】
Moreover, the scenery along the river is amazing, with many well-known sightseeing spots. That’s why I think the trip along the Yangtze won’t be a better choice.
此外, 沿河的景色是驚人的, 有許多著名的景點。那就是我認(rèn)為長江之旅是一個最好的選擇的原因。
【句型公式】
“否定詞+比較級”, 表示最高級意義。常用的否定詞有no, not, never, nothing, nobody, hardly等。
【語境速測】 完成句子
①You can’t find a better place in this village. ?
在這個村子里, 你找不到更好的地方了。
同義句轉(zhuǎn)換
②Doctor Yuan Longping has developed sea-rice, which is the most amazing agricultural progress.
→There is no more amazing agricultural progress than the sea-rice Doctor Yuan Longping has developed. ?
【備選要點】
1. persuade vt. 說服; 勸服; 使信服; 使相信
【典型例句】
Most of my classmates wanted to go to a park while I had an idea of going to a nicer place. I managed to persuade my classmates not to reject my idea.
我的大多數(shù)同學(xué)想去公園, 而我有一個去一個更好的地方的想法。我成功地說服了同學(xué)們不要拒絕我的想法。
【詞塊必記】
persuade sb. (not)to do sth. 　　　　說服某人(不)做某事
persuade sb. into doing sth. 說服某人做某事
persuade sb. out of doing sth. 說服某人不做某事
persuade sb. of sth. 使某人相信某事
persuade sb. that. . . 使某人相信……
【易混辨析】“勸說”不等于“說服”
persuade
說服; 勸服; 使相信
try to persuade=advise
advise
勸說(不一定成功)
convince
“使相信; 信服; 說服”, 常用結(jié)構(gòu): convince sb. of sth. 或convince sb. that. . .
【語境速測】 完成句子
①I can’t persuade him to give up(說服他放棄) that silly idea. ?
單句語法填空
②When he retired three years ago, he persuaded his church music director into taking(take) him as a student.
③I finally managed to persuade her to go(go) out for a drink with me. ?
2. present adj. 現(xiàn)在的, 目前的; 出席的, 到場的; 存在的
vt. 演示; 講演; 頒發(fā); 授予; 提出; 顯示; 贈送n. 禮物; 目前; 現(xiàn)在
【典型例句】
Many famous Chinese wines of the present day develop from ancient times, mainly from the Ming and the Qing dynasties.
現(xiàn)在的許多中國名酒, 都是從古代發(fā)展而來的, 主要是從明清時期發(fā)展而來。
【詞塊必記】
(1)present sb. with sth. 　 贈送/頒發(fā)/授予某人某物
present sth. to sb. 向某人頒發(fā)/贈送某物
present sb. to sb. 把某人介紹/引薦給某人
(2)at present/at the present time 現(xiàn)在, 目前
for the present 就現(xiàn)在來說, 暫時
(3)be present at 出席……
【誤區(qū)釋疑】　present作定語的位置
　　present用作形容詞, 表示“在場的”時, 通常作表語或后置定語; 表示“現(xiàn)在的”時, 常用作前置定語。
【語境速測】 單句語法填空
①After making careful preparations, I presented the report to the manager.
②People present at the meeting were mostly scientists from different parts of the world.
完成句子
③He presented to us(向我們展示) that dolphins were intelligent animals. ?
④The girl presents her teachers with beautiful flowers (漂亮的花) every year. ?
【巧學(xué)助記】　贈送禮物“present”

3. survive vt. 幸存; 幸免于難; 比……活得長; vi. 幸存; 生存下來
【典型例句】
People who survived the earthquake will remember their terrible experiences forever. 那些在地震中幸存下來的人將永遠(yuǎn)不會忘記他們可怕的經(jīng)歷。
【詞塊必記】
(1)survive sth. 　　 在……中幸免于難, 挺過……
survive from sth. 從……中存活下來/留存下來
survive on sth. 靠……存活
survive sb. by. . . years 比某人多活了……年
(2)survivor n. 幸存者
survival n. 幸存, 幸免
【語境速測】 單句語法填空
①She survived her husband by ten years.
②I don’t know how you all manage to survive on Peter’s salary.
語段填詞
③After countless interviews, I managed to stand out among the candidates and survive the test alone. As a survivor, I learned that the survival does not depend on luck but a result of my efforts. (survive)
4. recognise vt. 辨認(rèn)出, 承認(rèn), 認(rèn)可
【典型例句】
The Ming and the Qing dynasties were universally recognised to be the two golden periods in the history of seal cutting, and coincidentally the seal was known as seal cutting then. 明清時期是印章史上公認(rèn)的兩個黃金時期, 以后的印章稱為篆刻。
【詞塊必記】
recognise sb. /sth. (by/from sb. /sth. )
(從某人/某物)認(rèn)出/辨別出某人/某物
recognise sb. /sth. as/to be　 把某人/某物認(rèn)作
be recognised as 被公認(rèn)為/承認(rèn)是……
recognise that. . . 承認(rèn)……; 意識到……
【知識拓展】　多種“認(rèn)為……是……”
①regard. . . as. . . 　 ②consider. . . as. . .
③see. . . as. . . ④view. . . as. . .
⑤think of. . . as. . . ⑥look on. . . as. . .
⑦treat. . . as. . . ⑧think. . . to be. . .
【語境速測】 單句語法填空
①All of us recognise him to be (be)an expert in this field. ?
句型轉(zhuǎn)換
②Environmental pollution is recognised to have become one of the most serious problems that people face.
→It is recognised that environmental pollution has become one of the most serious problems that people face. ?
5. get into trouble陷入麻煩; 陷入困境
【典型例句】
These sailors made it to Africa, where they got into trouble, but eventually everything went well again. 這些水手到達了非洲, 他們在那兒陷入了麻煩但最終一切順利。
【詞塊必記】
in trouble 　　　　　　　 有麻煩, 處于困難中
get sb. into/out of trouble 使某人陷入/擺脫困境
have trouble/difficulty with sth. /(in)doing sth. 做某事有困難
ask/look for trouble 自找麻煩, 自討苦吃
take the trouble to do sth. 不辭辛勞做某事
【語境速測】 完成句子
①I wonder whether he would get into trouble(陷入麻煩). ?
②My best friend often shares things with me and helps people in trouble(處于困難中). ?
③Although we’ve learned English for years, we have trouble understanding the foreigners(理解外國人). ?
④It is very kind of you to take the trouble to help me(不怕麻煩來幫我). ?

Ⅰ. 單句語法填空
1. (2019·天津高考) Food webs may be dominated by many weak links because that arrangement (arrange) is more stable over the long term.
2. (2019·天津高考) The course normally attracts (attract) about 100 students per year, of whom up to half will be from abroad.
3. (2020·全國Ⅲ卷)I do know how upset the shop staff can get, but I try to persuade (persuade) them to keep smiling. ?
4. ( 2019·全國卷Ⅰ) Greenery is good for us. Hospital patients who see tree branches out their window are likely to recover (recover) at a faster rate than patients who see buildings or sky instead. ?
5. (2019·全國卷Ⅱ)First, you need to evaluate (evaluate) yourself, your values, your strengths, your weaknesses, your achievements, your desires, etc. ?
Ⅱ. 完成句子
1. (2019·北京高考)The problem of robocalls has gotten so bad that many people now refuse to pick up(接聽)calls from numbers they don’t know. ?
2. (2019·天津高考> We all age biologically at different rates according to(根據(jù); 依照)our genes, what we eat, how much we exercise, and what environment we live in. ?
3. (2019·天津高考)I must have always known reading was very important because the first memories I have as a child deal with(處理)books. ?
4. (2019·天津高考)I don’t have to write down what happened or what technique the author was using when he or she wrote this(當(dāng)他或她寫下這個的時候). ?
5. (2019·江蘇高考)Believing in such a world, many governments have put an end to some of the very necessary regulations on cross-border flows of capital, labor and goods, with poor results(差的結(jié)果). ?
Ⅲ. 語法填空
　　According 1. to an old story, once there was an old man who made a
2. living(live) by fishing. One day, he arranged to go to sea 3. in search of some treasures in the sea. He was about to make it to the destination 4. when a big shark appeared. Though he 5. got(get) into great trouble, he remembered that his wife persuaded him 6. to watch(watch) out for dangerous sea animals, so he came up with a wonderful idea to deal 7. with the problem. At last, he got rid of the shark and 8. made(make) it to a safe place. Later he made an
9. apology (apologise) to his wife and promised that he would never set sail on
10. his(he) own any more. ?

核心素養(yǎng)　提高學(xué)生保護海洋、保護自然、科學(xué)探索的意識。
高考鏈接　2019·北京高考閱讀理解D; 2019·浙江高考閱讀理解C; 2018·全國卷Ⅰ閱讀理解D
Ⅰ. 話題與閱讀理解
(2019·北京高考閱讀理解D)
　　By the end of the century, if not sooner, the world’s oceans will be bluer and greener thanks to a warming climate, according to a new study.
　　At the heart of the phenomenon lie tiny marine microorganisms(海洋微生物)called phytoplankton. Because of the way light reflects off the organisms, these phytoplankton create colourful patterns at the ocean surface. Ocean colour varies from green to blue, depending on the type and concentration of phytoplankton. Climate change will fuel the growth of phytoplankton in some areas, while reducing it in other spots, leading to changes in the ocean’s appearance.
　　Phytoplankton live at the ocean surface, where they pull carbon dioxide(二氧化碳)into the ocean while giving off oxygen. When these organisms die, they bury carbon in the deep ocean, an important process that helps to regulate the global climate. But phytoplankton are vulnerable to the ocean’s warming trend. Warming changes key characteristics of the ocean and can affect phytoplankton growth, since they need not only sunlight and carbon dioxide to grow, but also nutrients.
　　Stephanie Dutkiewicz, a scientist in MIT’s Center for Global Change Science, built a climate model that projects changes to the oceans throughout the century. In a world that warms up by 3℃, it found that multiple changes to the colour of the oceans would occur. The model projects that currently blue areas with little phytoplankton could become even bluer. But in some waters, such as those of the Arctic, a warming will make conditions riper for phytoplankton, and these areas will turn greener. “Not only are the quantities of phytoplankton in the ocean changing, ”she said, “but the type of phytoplankton is changing. ”
　　And why does that matter? Phytoplankton are the base of the food web. If certain kinds begin to disappear from the ocean, Dutkiewicz said, “it will change the type of fish that will be able to survive. ” Those kinds of changes could affect the food chain.
　　Whatever colour changes the ocean experiences in the coming decades will probably be too gradual and unnoticeable, but they could mean significant changes. “It’ll be a while before we can statistically show that the changes are happening because of climate change, ” Dutkiewicz said, “but the change in the colour of the ocean will be one of the early warning signals that we really have changed our planet. ”
【文章大意】本文是一篇科普文。一份研究表明, 到本世紀(jì)末, 全球氣候變暖會導(dǎo)致海洋更藍(lán)更綠, 并分析了原因。
1. What are the first two paragraphs mainly about?
A. The various patterns at the ocean surface.
B. The cause of the changes in ocean colour.
C. The way light reflects off marine organisms.
D. The efforts to fuel the growth of phytoplankton.
【解析】選B。主旨大意題。文章第一段主要說明了研究的結(jié)論; 第二段具體分析了原因, 故選B。
2. What does the underlined word “vulnerable” in Paragraph 3 probably mean?
A. Sensitive. 　　 B. Beneficial.
C. Significant. D. Unnoticeable.
【解析】選A。詞義猜測題。由下句可知氣候變暖改變了海洋的主要特征, 影響浮游生物的生長, 因為它們不僅需要陽光和二氧化碳才能生長, 而且需要養(yǎng)分, 可知本句主要是說浮游生物對氣候的變化很敏感。beneficial “有益的”; significant “非同一般的”; unnoticeable “不被注意的, 忽略的”, 根據(jù)語境可知選A。
3. What can we learn from the passage?
A. Phytoplankton play a declining role in the marine ecosystem.
B. Dutkiewicz’s model aims to project phytoplankton changes.
C. Phytoplankton have been used to control global climate.
D. Oceans with more phytoplankton may appear greener.
【解析】選D。推理判斷題。由第四段可知在一些海域變暖會使浮游生物的生存條件更加成熟, 而這些地區(qū)將變得更綠。故選D。
4. What is the main purpose of the passage?
A. To assess the consequences of ocean colour changes.
B. To analyse the composition of the ocean food chain.
C. To explain the effects of climate change on oceans.
D. To introduce a new method to study phytoplankton.
【解析】選C。目的意圖題。本文主要說全球氣候變暖會使海洋更藍(lán)更綠并分析了原因, 故選C。
【微技能點撥】　 定位關(guān)鍵句, 提煉主旨大意
　　解答主旨大意題需要對首尾段或文中的某些細(xì)節(jié)進行語義概括。若考查把握某一段落大意時﹐需全面理解整段的內(nèi)容, 尤其是首尾或某些中間句, 此時可采用“定位關(guān)鍵句”的解題方法。
本文中第1題為主旨大意題。根據(jù)策略解題如下:
Step 1　題干關(guān)鍵詞: first two paragraphs
Step 2　原文信息關(guān)鍵句: Ocean colour varies from green to blue; thanks to a warming climate
Step 3　 兩者對比, 定位關(guān)鍵句: 嘗試解答　B　。?
【語用提能】
話題詞匯
climate 　n. 氣候
marine adj. 海洋的
organism n. 有機體
ocean n. 海洋
colourful adj. 鮮艷的
短語句式
give off 　　發(fā)出(光等)
because of 因為; 由于
depend on 依靠
It’ll be +一段時間+before. . . “……多久之后才……”
熟詞新義
fuel 　　n. 燃料vt. 給……提供燃料; 刺激; 推動
matter n. 物質(zhì); 事件vi. 有關(guān)系; 要緊
project n. 計劃; 項目v. 計劃; 投射; 表現(xiàn); 突出
【微語法填空】
By the end of the century, if not sooner, the world’s oceans will be bluer and greener thanks to a warming climate. At the heart of the phenomenon lie tiny marine microorganisms(海洋微生物) 1. __________ (call) phytoplankton. Because of the way light reflects off the organisms, these phytoplankton create colourful patterns at the ocean surface. Ocean colour varies from green to blue,
2. __________ (depend) on the type and concentration of phytoplankton. Climate change will fuel the growth of phytoplankton in some areas, while reducing it in other spots, leading to changes in the ocean’s appearance. ?
Phytoplankton live at the ocean surface, 3. __________ they pull carbon dioxide into the ocean while giving off oxygen. Phytoplankton are the base of the food web. If certain kinds begin to disappear from the ocean, it 4. __________ (change) the type of fish that will be able to survive. Those kinds of changes could affect the food chain. ?
Whatever colour changes the ocean experiences in the coming decades will
5. __________ (probable) be too gradual and unnoticeable, but they could mean significant changes. The change in the colour of the ocean will be one of the early warning 6. __________ (signal) that we really have changed our planet. ?
1. 【解析】called。 考查非謂語動詞。分析句式結(jié)構(gòu)可知, 此處為過去分詞作后置定語, 名詞microorganisms與動詞call之間為被動關(guān)系, 故填called。
2. 【解析】depending?？疾榉侵^語動詞。分析句式結(jié)構(gòu)可知, 此處為現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語, 邏輯主語Ocean colour 與動詞depend之間為主動關(guān)系, 故填depending。
3. 【解析】where。考查連詞。分析句式結(jié)構(gòu)可知, 此處為定語從句, 先行詞為地點名詞, 定語從句不缺主語和賓語, 所以用關(guān)系副詞where引導(dǎo), 故填where。
4. 【解析】will change。考查動詞時態(tài)。分析句式結(jié)構(gòu)可知此處前后為if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句, 符合“主將從現(xiàn)”, 故填will change。
5. 【解析】probably。考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。此處修飾系動詞be用副詞, 故填probably。
6. 【解析】signals。 句意: 海洋顏色的變化將是我們確實改變了地球的早期預(yù)警信號之一。根據(jù)句意可知此處用名詞復(fù)數(shù), 符合語境, 故填signals。
Ⅱ. 話題與寫作
假如你是李華, 你的英國朋友Tom看到你在微信上分享了學(xué)校最近舉行的主題為“建設(shè)綠色家園”的植樹活動, 發(fā)郵件向你詢問有關(guān)情況。請你用英語回復(fù)郵件, 內(nèi)容包括: 1. 活動情況簡介; 2. 活動的意義。
注意: 1. 詞數(shù)100左右;
2. 可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié), 以使行文連貫;
3. 盡量使用本單元學(xué)過的詞匯和短語。
Step 1　要點寫作
根據(jù)漢語提示補全句子。
①得知你對我們的植樹活動感興趣, 我很高興。
I’m delighted to learn that you are interested in our tree-planting activity. ?
②該活動每年舉辦一次, 主題各異。
The activity is held annually with different themes. ?
③今年的主題是“建設(shè)綠色家園”。
This year’s theme is “Building A Green Home”. ?
④這次活動是在3月12日, 我們的全民義務(wù)植樹日。
The activity was held on March 12, our National Tree-planting Day. ?
⑤一大早, 所有的老師和學(xué)生都聚集在西山。
Early in the morning, all the teachers and students gathered on the West Hill. ?
⑥我們花了一上午的時間挖土、種植和澆水。
We spent the whole morning digging, planting and watering. ?
⑦最終大約種植了200棵樹。
Eventually about 200 trees were planted. ?
⑧我們看到樹在微風(fēng)中搖曳。
We see the trees waving in the breeze. ?
⑨盡管累了, 但我們都感到興奮和自豪。
We all felt excited and proud despite tiredness. ?
⑩毫無疑問, 我們從這次活動中獲益良多。
Undoubtedly, we benefit a lot from the activity. ?
它不僅給我們帶來勞動的樂趣, 而且?guī)椭覀儼l(fā)展團隊精神。
It not only brings us the pleasure of labor but also helps us to develop team spirit. ?
希望你明年能加入我們。
Hopefully you can join us next year. ?
Step 2　句式升級
把第⑤、⑥合并為主從復(fù)合句
Early in the morning, all the teachers and students gathered on the West Hill, where we spent the whole morning digging, planting and watering. ?
把第⑧、⑨合并為含有分詞作狀語的非謂語結(jié)構(gòu)
Seeing the trees waving in the breeze, we all felt excited and proud despite tiredness. ?
Step 3　組句成篇
運用關(guān)聯(lián)詞串連以上句子。
Dear Tom, ?
I’m delighted to learn that you are interested in our tree-planting activity. ?
The activity is held annually with different themes. This year’s theme is “Building A Green Home”. The activity was held on March 12, our National Tree-planting Day. Early in the morning, all the teachers and students gathered on the West Hill, where we spent the whole morning digging, planting and watering. Eventually about 200 trees were planted. Seeing the trees waving in the breeze, we all felt excited and proud despite tiredness. ?
Undoubtedly, we benefit a lot from the activity, which not only brings us the pleasure of labor but also helps us to develop team spirit. Hopefully you can join us next year. ?
Yours,
Li Hua?



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