新高考2021屆高考英語(yǔ)小題必練15閱讀理解之詞義猜測(cè)題

這是一份新高考2021屆高考英語(yǔ)小題必練15閱讀理解之詞義猜測(cè)題，共15頁(yè)。試卷主要包含了意義吻合定句意等內(nèi)容，歡迎下載使用。

1.正確理解文章中單詞或短語(yǔ)的含義是理解文章的第一步，也是理解文章的基礎(chǔ)。
2.英語(yǔ)單詞的含義并非完全等同于詞典中所標(biāo)注的漢語(yǔ)意思，其含義在不同的語(yǔ)境中會(huì)有所不同，能根據(jù)上下文正確理解靈活變化的詞義，才算是真正初步具備了一定的閱讀理解能力。
3.閱讀文章時(shí)，常常會(huì)遇到一些過(guò)去未見過(guò)的詞，但許多這類生詞的詞義可以通過(guò)上下文推斷出來(lái)，這是閱讀理解中經(jīng)常檢測(cè)的一種能力。
1. 根據(jù)上下文的指代關(guān)系進(jìn)行猜測(cè)
【典例1】（2020·山東卷C篇節(jié)選）
In the mid-1990s, Tm Bissell taught English as a vlunteer in Uzbekistan. He left after seven mnths, physically brken and having lst his mind. A few years later, still attracted t the cuntry, he returned t Uzbekistan t write an article abut the disappearance f the Aral Sea.
His visit, hwever, ended up invlving a lt mre than that. Hence this bk, Chasing the Sea: Lst Amng the Ghsts f Empire in Central Asia, which talks abut a rad trip frm Tashkent t Karakalpakstan, where millins f lives have been destryed by the slw drying up f the sea.
What des the underlined wrd “that” in paragraph 2 refer t?
A Develping a serius mental disease.
B. Taking a guided tur in Central Asia.
C. Wrking as a vlunteer in Uzbekistan.
D. Writing an article abut the Aral Sea.
【答案】D
【解析】詞句猜測(cè)題。劃線句是第二段首句，that用來(lái)指代上文提的事情，因此推斷that指代第一段的內(nèi)容，根據(jù)第一段最后一句“A few years later, still attracted t the cuntry, he returned t Uzbekistan t write an article abut the disappearance f the Aral Sea”(幾年后，仍然被這個(gè)國(guó)家所吸引。他回到烏茲別克斯坦寫了一篇關(guān)于咸海消失的文章)可知，that指代寫了一篇關(guān)于死海消失的文章這件事，故選D。
【點(diǎn)撥】文章中的代詞it, that, he, him或them可以指代上文提到的人或物，其中it和that還可以指代一件事。有時(shí)代詞指代的對(duì)象相隔較遠(yuǎn)，要認(rèn)真查找；有時(shí)也需要對(duì)前面提到的內(nèi)容進(jìn)行總結(jié)，才能得出代詞所指代的事物。
【典例2】（2020·浙江卷B篇節(jié)選）
The traffic signals alng Factria Bulevard in Bellevue, Washingtn, generally dn't flash the same length f green twice in a rw, especially at rush hur. At 9:30am, the full red/yellw/green signal cycle might be 140 secnds. By 9:33am, a burst f additinal traffic might push it t 145 secnds. Less traffic at 9:37am culd push it dwn t 135. Just like the traffic itself, the timing f the signals changes.
That is by design. Bellevue, a fast-grwing city just east f Seattle, uses a system that is gaining ppularity arund the US: intersectin(十字路口) signals that can adjust in real time t traffic cnditins. These lights, knwn as adaptive signals, have led t significant declines in bth the truble and cst f travels between wrk and hme.
What des the underlined wrd “that” in paragraph 2 refer t?
A. Increased length f green lights.B. Shrtened traffic signal cycle.
C. Flexible timing f traffic signals.D. Smth traffic flw n the rad.
【答案】C
【解析】指代猜測(cè)題。That位于第二段句首，應(yīng)是指代第一段的內(nèi)容。根據(jù)第一段內(nèi)容尤其是第一段最后一句“Just like the traffic itself, the timing f the signals changes.(就像交通本身一樣，信號(hào)燈的時(shí)間也會(huì)變化)”可知，第一段主要講述的是信號(hào)燈的時(shí)間會(huì)靈活變化；“That is by design.”意為“那是有意為之”，由此可推知，That指代第一段中“信號(hào)燈的靈活時(shí)間”。
2.根據(jù)定義或上下文解釋進(jìn)行猜測(cè)
【典例】（2020·江蘇卷C篇節(jié)選）
Fr thse wh can stmach it, wrking ut befre breakfast may be mre beneficial fr health than eating first, accrding t a study f meal timing and physical activity.
The underlined expressin “stmach it” in Paragraph 1 mst prbably means “______”.
A. digest the meal easilyB. manage withut breakfast
C. decide wisely what t eatD. eat whatever is ffered
【答案】B
【解析】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)下文wrking ut befre breakfast may be mre beneficial fr health than eating first可知，早餐前鍛煉可能比先吃飯?jiān)馘憻拰?duì)健康更有益，因此推斷這里說(shuō)的是那些不吃早飯先鍛煉的人，因此推斷劃線詞與B項(xiàng)“不吃早飯能應(yīng)付”意思相近。故選B。
【點(diǎn)撥】短文中出現(xiàn)一個(gè)需要猜測(cè)其意義的詞或短語(yǔ)，下面接著出現(xiàn)其定義或解釋。標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)，如逗號(hào)后的解釋(名詞同位語(yǔ))、破折號(hào)后的解釋、括號(hào)內(nèi)的解釋等。這都是判斷該詞或短語(yǔ)意義的主要依據(jù)。
3.根據(jù)轉(zhuǎn)折或?qū)Ρ汝P(guān)系進(jìn)行猜測(cè)
【典例1】（2020·全國(guó)1卷B篇節(jié)選）
While I tend t buy a lt f bks, these three were given t me as gifs, which might add t the meaning I attach t them. But I imagine that, while mney is indeed wnderful and necessary, rereading an authr’s wrk is the highest currency a reader can pay them. The best bks are the nes that pen further as time passes. But remember, it’s yu that has t grw and read and reread in rder t better understand yur friends.
What des the underlined wrd“currency”in paragraph 4 refer t?
A. DebtB. Reward.C.Allwance.D. Face value.
【答案】B
【解析】詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)最后一段中“while mney is indeed wnderful and necessary,(雖然金錢確實(shí)是美妙而必要的)”可知，前后句為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，根據(jù)上下文的語(yǔ)境可推知，“rereading an authr’s wrk is the highest currency a reader can pay them.”意為“但是再次閱讀作品是讀者能支付給他們的最高回報(bào)”，由此判斷出劃線詞的意思是“回報(bào)”。故選B項(xiàng)。
【點(diǎn)撥】根據(jù)上下句的連接詞，如but, hwever, while,therwise等可以推斷上下文之間的邏輯關(guān)系，從而可以依據(jù)某一句的含義，來(lái)確定另一句的含義。另外，分號(hào)也可以表示轉(zhuǎn)折、對(duì)比或不相干的意義。
【典例2】(2020·山東卷D篇節(jié)選)
And cntrary t existing research that says yu shuld avid eating with heavier peple wh rder large prtins(份), it's the beanples with big appetites yu really need t avid.
What des the underlined wrd “beanples” in paragraph 1 refer t?
A. Big eaters.B. Overweight persns.
C. Picky eaters.D. Tall thin persns.
【答案】D
【解析】詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)前半句“And cntrary t existing research that says yu shuld avid eating with heavier peple wh rder large prtins（份）”可知，現(xiàn)有的研究認(rèn)為：你應(yīng)該避免和體重較重、點(diǎn)大份飯菜的人一起吃飯。后半句認(rèn)為，你真正應(yīng)該避免的是the beanples with big appetites。由cntrary t可推斷出，畫線詞和heavier peple（超重的人）相反，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)，D選項(xiàng)（瘦瘦高高的人）正好和heavier peple正好相反。故選D。
4.意義吻合定句意
【典例1】（2019·全國(guó)2卷B篇節(jié)選）
I guess that there’s prbably sme demanding wrk schedule, r scial anxiety arund stepping up t help fr an unknwn sprt. She may just need a little persuading. S I try again and tug at the heartstrings. I mentin the single parent with fur kids running the shw and I talk abut the dad caching a team that his kids aren’t even n … At this pint the unwilling parent speaks up,“Alright. Yes, I’ll d it.”
What des the underlined phrase “tug at the heartstrings” in paragraph 2 mean?
A. Encurage team wrk.
B. Appeal t feeling.
C. Prmte gd deeds.
D. Prvide advice.
【答案】B
【解析】詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線前句she may just need a little persuading.和下面的一句話I mentin the single parent with fur kids running the shw and I talk abut the dad caching a team that his kids aren't even n ...可知，作者為了勸服這位家長(zhǎng)，舉了兩個(gè)例子。故可知，劃線句此處應(yīng)是“煽情”之意。故選B。
【點(diǎn)撥】高考閱讀理解有時(shí)對(duì)某一個(gè)句子的外延含義進(jìn)行考查，因此要求考生準(zhǔn)確理解前后句表達(dá)的含義，巧解語(yǔ)句猜測(cè)題。
【典例2】（2020·全國(guó)1卷D篇節(jié)選）
As I grew lder and became a mther, the library tk n a new place and an added meaning in my life. I had several children and bks were ur main surce(來(lái)源) f entertainment. It was a big deal fr us t lad up and g t the lcal library, where my kids culd pick ut bks t read r bks they wanted me t read t them.
What des the underlined phrase “an added meaning” in paragraph 3 refer t?
A. Pleasure frm wrking in the library.
B. Jy f reading passed n in the family.
C. Wnderment frm acting ut the stries.
D. A clser bnd develped with the readers.
【答案】B
【解析】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)后文可推斷，作者成了母親以后，帶著孩子去圖書館，孩子挑選書籍來(lái)閱讀，或者作者讀給他們聽，因此可知圖書館在作者的生活中又增添了新的意義，閱讀的樂(lè)趣在家庭中代代相傳”。故選B。
A
The different parts f a health care system have different fcuses. A hspital’s strke（中風(fēng)） unit mnitrs bld flw in the brain. The cardiac unit is interested in that same flw, but thrugh and frm the heart. Each cllectin f equipment and data is effective in its wn field. Thus, like the stry f blind men feeling an elephant, mdern health care ffers many separate pictures f a patient, but rarely a useful united ne.
On tp f all this, the instruments that dctrs use t mnitr health are ften expensive, as is the training required t use them. That cmbined cst is t high fr the medical system t scan regularly, fr early signs f illness, s patients are at risk f heart disease r a strke.
An unusual research prject called AlzEye, run by Mrfields Eye Hspital in Lndn, in cperatin with University Cllege, Lndn (UCL), may change this. It is attempting t use the eye as a windw thrugh which signals abut the health f ther rgans culd be discvered. The dctrs in charge f it, Siegfried Wagner and Pearse Keane, are studying Mrfields’ database f eye scans, which ffers a detailed picture f the health f the retina (視網(wǎng)膜).
The prject will g a step further：With the infrmatin abut ther aspects f patients’ health cllected frm ther hspitals arund England, dctrs will be able t lk fr mre accurate signs f disease thrugh eye scans.
The Mrfields data set has lts f linked cases t wrk with--far mre than any similar prject. Fr instance, the UK Bibank, ne f the wrld’s leading cllectins f medical data abut individual peple, cntains 631 cases f a “majr cardiac adverse event”. The Mrfields data cntain abut 12, 000 such. The Bibank has data n abut 1, 500 strke patients. Mrfields has 11, 900. Fr the disease n which the Mrfields prject will fcus t start with dementia, the data set hlds 15, 100 cases. The nly cmparable study has 86.
Wagner and Keane are searching fr patterns in the eye that shw the emergence f disease elsewhere in the bdy. If such patterns culd be recgnized reliably, the ptential impact wuld be huge.
1. Why des the authr mentin “the stry f blind men feeling an elephant” in Paragraph 1?
A. T claim the ineffectiveness f ur health care system.
B. T tell the similarity in varius health care units.
C. T explain the limitatin f mdern health care.
D. T shw the cmplexity f patients' pictures.
2. What des the underlined wrd “this” in Paragraph 3 refer t?
A. The challenge f making advanced medical instruments.
B. The high risk f getting a heart disease r a strke.
C. The incnvenience f mdern health care service.
D. The incmplete and expensive health mnitring.
3. Hw des AlzEye wrk?
A. By thrughly examining ne’s bdy rgans.
B. By identifying ne’s state f health thrugh eye scans
C. By helping dctrs discver ne’s diseases f the eye
D. By cmparing the eye-scan data frm different hspitals.
4. What can be inferred abut the Mrfields's prject frm Paragraph 5?
A. It takes advantage f abundantly available medical data.
B. It makes the cllectin f medical data mre cnvenient.
C. It imprves the Mrfields' cmpetitiveness in the medical field.
D. It strengthens data sharing between the Mrfields and the Bibank.
【答案】1. C 2. D 3. B 4. A
【解析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了一個(gè)試圖通過(guò)眼睛掃描信息來(lái)發(fā)現(xiàn)疾病早期跡象的研究項(xiàng)目。
1.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“mdern health care ffers many separate pictures f a patient, but rarely a useful united ne.”( 現(xiàn)代醫(yī)療保健提供了許多病人的單獨(dú)照片，但很少是有用的聯(lián)合照片)可知，盲人摸象的例子是為了解釋現(xiàn)代醫(yī)療檢查很少能全面地提供患者的整體情況，因此具有局限性。故選C。
2.詞句猜測(cè)題。前兩段主要講了現(xiàn)代醫(yī)療檢查的片面性以及高昂的費(fèi)用，結(jié)合劃線句句意：由倫敦Mrfields眼科醫(yī)院與倫敦大學(xué)學(xué)院(UCL)合作經(jīng)營(yíng)的一個(gè)名為Alzeye的不尋常的研究項(xiàng)目可能會(huì)改變這一點(diǎn)。因此推斷this指代上文提到的不完整的和昂貴的健康監(jiān)測(cè)。故選D。
3.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段可知，它試圖用眼睛作為窗口，通過(guò)它可以發(fā)現(xiàn)關(guān)于其他器官健康的信號(hào)。負(fù)責(zé)這項(xiàng)工作的醫(yī)生西格弗里德·瓦格納和皮爾斯·基恩正在研究莫爾菲爾德的眼睛掃描數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)，該數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)提供了視網(wǎng)膜健康的詳細(xì)圖片，因此可知AlzEye的工作模式是通過(guò)眼部掃描來(lái)辨別一個(gè)人的健康狀況。故選B。
4.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段列舉的數(shù)據(jù)信息可知，世界上領(lǐng)先的個(gè)人醫(yī)療數(shù)據(jù)收集之一，包含631例“主要心臟不良事件”。 Mrfields的數(shù)據(jù)包含大約12000個(gè)這樣的數(shù)據(jù)。生物庫(kù)有大約1500名中風(fēng)患者的數(shù)據(jù)。 Mrfields有11,900例，Mrfields項(xiàng)目的重點(diǎn)從癡呆開始的疾病，數(shù)據(jù)集包含15,100例。唯一可比的研究有86項(xiàng)。因此推斷Mrfields的項(xiàng)目較同類項(xiàng)目充分利用了更多現(xiàn)存的數(shù)據(jù)。故選A。
B
Smking in yur wn hme in Thailand may nw be cnsidered a crime, if the smke is cnsidered harmful t ther peple in the huse.
The new law , Family Prtectin and Develpment Prmtin Act , was initiated(啟動(dòng)) by the Ministry f Scial Develpment and Human Security and was annunced in the Ryal Gazette n May 22 ,2019.
The law aims at curbing smking at hme which might be hazardus fr thers' health residing under the same rf. In that case, it will be cnsidered as “dmestic vilence". The new law came int frce n August 20.
Accrding t the center fr research and knwledge management fr tbacc cntrl, at the Faculty f Medical Science f Mahidl University, there are abut 4.9 millin husehlds where ne r mre family members smke.
An average f 10. 3 millin peple have unwittingly (不知不覺地) becme passive smkers because they’ve been breathing in smke at hme. Scientific studies shw that passive smkers are at greater risk f being affected by cancer.
Of 75 child patients frm huses where smking is practiced,76% f them were fund t have nictine traces in their urine, with 43% f them having nictine cntent exceeding permissible levels.
Smking at hme als “may lead t physical r emtinal vilence” because f aggressiveness when there is a lack f smking, and might as well ruin relatinships between smkers and nn-smker family members.
Accrding t the new law, anyne wh thinks they are affected by dmestic smking can reprt t fficials cncerned s that inspectrs will be sent t investigate and take legal actin against the smkers.
Once cnvicted, the curt may rder a persn t receive treatment t quit smking in an attempt t prtect the persn's family.
In February in 2019,Thailand had banned smking at six f its airprts alng with a ban in public places.
5. What is the fact abut the new law in Thailand?
A. It makes it clear that smking at hme is a crime.
B. I’s a law n prtecting the health f nn-smkers.
C. It was drafted and adpted by the ryal family.
D. It classifies smking as a frm f dmestic vilence.
6. Which f the fllwing can replace the underlined wrd “curbing” in Paragraph 3?
A. Treating.B. Changing.
C. Imprving.D. Cntrlling.
7. What is NOT the evil cnsequence f smking at hme?
A. It may increase the risk f cancer in passive smkers.
B. It will prbably cause physical r emtinal vilence.
C. It will make the smkers becme mre aggressive.
D. It may lead t disharmny in family relatins.
8. What cnclusin can we draw frm the passage?
A. Smking is illegal anywhere in Thailand.
B. Smkers are less likely t develp cancer than nn-smkers.
C. Peple wh smke at hme in Thailand will be sent t prisn.
D. Thailand is cmmitted t creating a smke-free envirnment.
【答案】5. D 6. D 7. C 8. D
【解析】這是一篇議論文。文章主要描述了泰國(guó)新法旨在抑制在家中吸煙，并致力于創(chuàng)造一個(gè)無(wú)煙的環(huán)境。
5.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Smking in yur wn hme in Thailand may nw be cnsidered a crime , if the smke is cnsidered harmful t ther peple in the huse.”可知，如果家庭中其他人認(rèn)為吸煙是有害的，那么吸煙者的行為會(huì)被認(rèn)定為一種犯罪，故選D。
6.詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第三段中“The law aims at curbing smking at hme which might be hazardus fr thers’ health residing under the same rf. ”可知，該法律旨在限制在家中吸煙，因?yàn)槲鼰熆赡軙?huì)危害同屋檐下的其他人的健康。所以curbing指的是控制，限制，故選D。
7.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第七段中“ Smking at hme als “may lead t physical r emtinal vilence” because f aggressiveness when there is a lack f smking”可知，在家吸煙也“可能導(dǎo)致身體或情緒暴力”，因?yàn)樵诓晃鼰煹那闆r下，人們會(huì)表現(xiàn)出攻擊性。C. It will make the smkers becme mre aggressive. 意思為在家吸煙會(huì)使吸煙者變得更有攻擊性。與原文意思不符，故選C。
8.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中“Smking in yur wn hme in Thailand may nw be cnsidered a crime , if the smke is cnsidered harmful t ther peple in the huse.”可知，如果家庭中其他人認(rèn)為吸煙是有害的，那么吸煙者的行為會(huì)被認(rèn)定為一種家庭暴力的犯罪；再根據(jù)最后一段“In February in 2019 ,Thailand had banned smking at six f its airprts alng with a ban in public places.” 2019年2月，泰國(guó)在6個(gè)機(jī)場(chǎng)禁止吸煙，并禁止在公共場(chǎng)所吸煙。綜上可以推斷出，泰國(guó)致力于創(chuàng)造無(wú)煙的環(huán)境。故選D。
C
As we grw ld, we realize that we have s little time t read and there are s many great bks that we’ve yet t get arund t. Yet re-readers are everywhere arund us. Fr certain fans, re-reading The Lrd f the Rings is a cnventinal practice annually. One friend tld me that Jane Austen's Emma can still surprise him, despite his having read it ver 50 times.
New sudden clear understandings can be gained frm the prcess f re-reading. Jurnalist Rebecca Mead, a lng-time English wman in New Yrk, first came acrss Gerge Elit’s Middlemarch at 17. Since then, she has read it again every five years. With each re-reading, it has pened up further; in each chapter f her life, it has resnated differently. Mead evidenced the large number f ways in which really gd bks nt nly stand the test f repeat reads, but als ffer fresh gifts each time we crack their spines. These kinds f bks grw with us.
Scientists have als recgnized the mental health benefits f re-reading. Research cnducted with readers in the US fund that n ur first reading, we are cncerned with the “what” and the “why”. Secnd time rund, we’re able t better appreciate the emtins that the plt cntinues t express. As researcher Cristel Russell f the American University explained returning t a bk “brings new r renewed appreciatin f bth the great bk and its readers.”
It’s true that we ften find frmer selves n the pages f ld bks (if we’re fnd f making ntes n the pages). These texts can carry us back t a time and place, and remind us f the kind f persn that we were then. We're changed nt nly by lived experience but als by read experience — by the bks that we've discvered since last reading the ne in ur hand.
Mre s than the mvie directr r the musician, the writer calls upn ur imaginatins, using wrds t lead us t picture this declaratin f lve r that unfaithfulness in life. A bk is a jintprject between writers and readers, and we must pur s much f urselves int reading that ur wn life stry can becme cnnected with the stry in the bk.
Perhaps what’s really strange is that we dn’t re-read mre ften. After all, we watch ur favrite films again and we wuldn’t think f listening t an album nly nce. We treasure messy ld paintings as bjects, yet f all art frms, literature alne is a largely ne-time delight. A bk, f curse, takes up mre time, but as Mead cnfirms, the rewards make it adequately wrthwhile.
9. The tw bks are mentined in Paragraph 1 mainly t__________.
A. attract the attentin f readersB. intrduce the tpic f the passage
C. prvide sme backgrund infrmatinD. shw the similarity between re-readers
10. The underlined expressin “crack their spines” in Paragraph 2 refers t ____________.
A. recite themB. re-read themC. recall themD. retell them
11. It can be learned frm paragraphs 3 and 4 that______________.
A. reading benefits peple bth mentally and physically
B. readers mainly fcus n feelings n their first reading
C. we knw urselves better thrugh re-reading experience
D. we will change writers by reading the bks
12. The writing purpse f the passage is t______________.
A. call n different understandings f re-reading ld bks
B. argue against the mental health benefits f re-reading
C. bring awareness t the significance f re-reading
D. intrduce the effective ways f re-reading ld bks
【答案】9. B 10. B 11. C 12. C
【解析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。隨著我們漸漸變老，我們意識(shí)到我們讀書的時(shí)間很少，有很多好書，我們沒有去讀。但是在重新閱讀的過(guò)程中，我們可以獲得新的突然清晰的理解?？茖W(xué)家們還認(rèn)識(shí)到重讀會(huì)給心理健康帶來(lái)好處，重讀也會(huì)讓我們更了解自己。
9.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中“Fr certain fans, re-reading The Lrd f the Rings is a cnventinal practice annually. One friend tld me that Jane Austen’s Emma can still surprise him, despite his having read it ver 50 times.”(對(duì)于某些粉絲來(lái)說(shuō)，每年重讀《指環(huán)王》是一種慣例。一位朋友告訴我，簡(jiǎn)·奧斯汀的《愛瑪》仍然能給他帶來(lái)驚喜，盡管他已經(jīng)讀了50多遍)以及第二段第一句New sudden clear understandings can be gained frm the prcess f re-reading.可知，在重新閱讀的過(guò)程中，可通過(guò)重新閱讀，可以突然獲得新的清晰認(rèn)識(shí)。由此可推知，第一段提到這兩本書主要是為了引入這篇文章的主題：通過(guò)反復(fù)閱讀，可以突然獲得新的清晰的認(rèn)識(shí)。故選B。
10.詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)上文“Since then, she has read it again every five years. With each re-reading, it has pened up further; in each chapter f her life, it has resnated differently.”可知，從那時(shí)起，她每五年讀一遍。每重讀一遍，它會(huì)使她豁然開朗；在她生命的每個(gè)篇章中，都有不同的共鳴。由此可知，Mead 證明了許多真正的好書不僅經(jīng)得起反復(fù)閱讀的考驗(yàn)，而且在每次我們重新閱讀它們時(shí)都能提供新鮮的禮物。故劃線短語(yǔ)指的是“重新閱讀它們”。故選B。
11.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中“It’s true that we ften find frmer selves n the pages f ld bks (if we're fnd f making ntes n the pages). These texts can carry us back t a time and place, and remind us f the kind f persn that we were then.”可知，的確，我們經(jīng)常會(huì)在舊書中找到過(guò)去的自己（如果我們喜歡在書頁(yè)上做筆記的話）。這些文字可以帶我們回到過(guò)去的時(shí)間和地點(diǎn)，提醒我們那時(shí)的我們是什么樣的人。由此判斷出，通過(guò)重讀，我們更好地了解自己。故選C。
12.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段第一句“New sudden clear understandings can be gained frm the prcess f re-reading.”可知，在重新閱讀的過(guò)程中，以突然獲得新的清晰認(rèn)識(shí)。結(jié)合文章主要說(shuō)明隨著我們漸漸變老，我們意識(shí)到我們讀書的時(shí)間很少，有很多好書，我們沒有去讀。但是在重新閱讀的過(guò)程中，我們可以獲得新的突然清晰的理解。科學(xué)家們還認(rèn)識(shí)到重讀會(huì)給心理健康帶來(lái)好處，重讀也會(huì)讓我們更了解自己。由此可推知，這篇文章的寫作目的是讓人們意識(shí)到重讀的重要性。故選C。
D
Bees seem t fly aimlessly as they search fr the sugary liquid called nectar (花蜜). But their flight plans actually d have a pattern. Flwers act as the insects’ air-traffic cntrllers. And new research shws bees prefer flwers that aren’t t flashy.
Flwers give bees clues abut hw much a plant can ffer. Thse clues can be in the clr f petals, in the type, in the smell r even in the electrical charge. All f these characteristics send signals t the bees, telling them whether t land r nt, amng which the clrs play the mst significant rle. The insects keep track f the clr f the flwers that are especially rich in nectar. They then visit mre flwers f that clr.
Hwever, clr can’t guarantee bees a gd meal. It may change depending n the angle at which sunlight hits its petals. A yellw fllwer, fr example, may lk smewhat blue frm ne angle and red frm anther. Beverley Glver studies plants at the University f Cambridge in England. Glver and her clleagues shwed that even when the clr f petals lks similar, bees behave differently in searching fr nectar. They started t guess that the strength f petals’ indescence (色彩斑斕) might be related t hw bees find the petals.
Glver and her clleagues tested their hypthesis in the lab. In their experiment, they fund that bees felt cnfused smetimes when the petals were very iridescent and that bees had n prblem finding the flwers with mre nectar when the petals were nt very iridescent. The team shared its new findings in the March 21 Current Bilgy.
“At first glance, it’s very surprising because animals can usually detect a mre vivid signal mre easily,” says Klaus Lunau, a bilgist in Germany, wh was nt invlved in the study.
13．What can we knw abut the flight f bees?
A．They usually fly in a regular pattern.
B．They fly under the directin f flwers.
C．They usually fly withut any purpse.
D．They fly t sme very flashy flwers.
14．What is the mst imprtant clue fr bees t search fr nectar?
A．The petals’ type.B．The fllwers’ smell.
C．The fllwers’ electrical charge.D．The petals’ clr.
15．What des the underlined wrd “hypthesis” in Paragraph 4 prbably mean?
A．Discussin.B．Methd.
C．Assumptin.D．Inventin
16．What is the new finding f the team?
A．Petals that are nt very flashy are better fr bees t make adjustments.
B．Petals f different clr usually give different signals.
C．Petals that are vivid are detected by bees mre easily.
D．Petals f different types make bees cnfused t find the right flwer.
【答案】13.B14.D15.C16.A
【解析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。蜜蜂似乎在尋找一種叫做花蜜的含糖液體時(shí)無(wú)目的的飛行。但他們的飛行計(jì)劃確實(shí)有一個(gè)模式?；ò缪葜ハx的空中交通管制員。新的研究表明，蜜蜂更喜歡不太浮夸的花朵。
13．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中“But their flight plans actually d have a pattern. Flwers act as the insects’ air-traffic cntrllers. And new research shws bees prefer flwers that aren’t t flashy.”可知，關(guān)于蜜蜂的飛行，我們能知道它們飛向花的方向。故選B。
14．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第一、二句“Flwers give bees clues abut hw much a plant can ffer. Thse clues can be in the clr f petals, in the type, in the smell r even in the electrical charge.”可知，蜜蜂尋找花蜜的最重要線索是花瓣的顏色。故選D。
15．詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第四段中她的同事在實(shí)驗(yàn)室里測(cè)試了他們的假設(shè)，在他們的實(shí)驗(yàn)中，他們發(fā)現(xiàn)，當(dāng)花瓣非常艷麗時(shí)，蜜蜂有時(shí)會(huì)感到困惑；當(dāng)花瓣不是很亮?xí)r，蜜蜂就會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)有更多花蜜的花朵。因此推斷畫線詞的意思是“假設(shè)”，故選C。
16．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中“they fund that bees felt cnfused smetimes when the petals were very iridescent and that bees had n prblem finding the flwers with mre nectar when the petals were nt very iridescent.”可知，這個(gè)團(tuán)隊(duì)的新發(fā)現(xiàn)是“不太光鮮的花瓣讓蜜蜂調(diào)整會(huì)更好”,故選A。