八上 U2  Numbers  語法（基數(shù)詞，序數(shù)詞）【學習目標】掌握基數(shù)詞和序數(shù)詞的用法及綜合運用【課前小測】1. —Where were you born, Michael?—I was born in a small village with only three ______ people. hundred     B. hundreds     C. hundreds of 2. —Hi, Andy! There are ______ floors in this building. Which floor do you live on? —I live on the ______ floor. A. thirty; twenty-second    B. thirty; twenty-two  C. thirtieth; twenty-two3. Li Ming will be ____. His parents are going to have a party for his ____ birthday.A. sixteen; sixteenth    B. sixteen; the sixteenth   C. sixteen; sixteen4. —Welcome to Los Angeles. Have you ever been here?—Sure. I visited this city three years ago, so this is my ____ time here. A. first    B. second    C. third5 ____ Kobe's fans watched his final match and  ____ of them are men.A. Million of; three fourths    B. Three million; third four C. Millions of; three fourths6. —Yan Jiashuo, a ____ girl, has won the prize of International Master Memory. —Wow, she's great, isn't she? A. ten-year-old     B. ten-years-old     C. ten years old【要點梳理】基數(shù)詞與序數(shù)詞1. 基數(shù)詞表示數(shù)目多少的數(shù)詞稱為基數(shù)詞，意思表示為“幾、幾個”其基本構(gòu)成如下：1. 1~12 的英文表達沒有規(guī)律可循，需要同學們逐個牢記。2. 13~19 的英文表達由“ 個位數(shù)+ 后綴?teen”構(gòu)成。其中13(thirteen) ，15(fifteen)，18(eighteen)發(fā)生拼寫變化。3. 20~99 之間的整十的數(shù)，由“2~9+后綴?ty”構(gòu)成。其中20(twenty)，30(thirty)，40(forty)，50(fifty)，80(eighty) 發(fā)生拼寫變化。個位數(shù)不為零的兩位數(shù)，在十位數(shù)與個位數(shù)中間加連字符“?”。如：25(twenty?five)，34(thirty?four)。4. 整百的數(shù)由“百位數(shù)+hundred”構(gòu)成；非整百的三位數(shù)，在百位數(shù)與十/ 個位數(shù)中間要用and 連接。如：325 （three hundred and twenty ?five）， 503(five hundred and three)。5. 整千的數(shù)由“千位數(shù)+thousand”構(gòu)成；非整千的四位數(shù)，由千位數(shù)直接加百、十、個位數(shù)構(gòu)成。如：2,138（two thousand one hundred and thirty?eight）。6. hundred，thousand，million，billion 的前面有具體數(shù)字時不能用復數(shù)形式，但在表示不確切的數(shù)時，要用復數(shù)形式，后面要加of。如：5,000（five thousand），數(shù)以百計的（hundreds of）。7.英語用千、百萬等單位計數(shù),大數(shù)字從右向左看, 每隔三位劃一逗號,倒數(shù)第一個逗號之前要用thousand,倒數(shù)第二個逗號之前要用million,倒數(shù)第三的逗號之前要用billion表示。 123456789101112onetwothreefourfivesixseveneightnineteneleventwelve13141516171819 thirteenfourteenfifteensixteenseventeeneighteennineteen   2030405060708090100twentythirtyfortyfiftysixtyseventyeightyninetyone(a) hundred 23 35101 238twenty-three thirty-fiveone hundred and onetwo hundred and thirty-eight  2、序數(shù)詞表示順序先后的數(shù)詞稱為序數(shù)詞，意思表示為“第幾”其構(gòu)成如下：1. 1~19除了first ( 第一)，second ( 第二) 和third (第三)為特殊變化外，其余均由“基數(shù)詞+后綴?th”構(gòu)成。其中注意fifth(第五)，eighth (第八)，ninth (第九)，twelfth(第十二)的拼法變化。2. 20~9920 以上的序數(shù)詞，先將基數(shù)詞詞尾y 改成i，然后再加?eth。如：twentieth(第二十)。非整十的序數(shù)詞，它的十位數(shù)為基數(shù)詞，只將個位數(shù)變?yōu)樾驍?shù)詞。如：forty?first (第四十一)，fifty?second (第五十二)，ninety?sixth (第九十六)。3. 100-999,1000-9999整百/ 千的序數(shù)詞由“百/ 千位數(shù)+hundred / thousand / ...+后綴?th”構(gòu)成，如：two hundredth (第二百)；非整百/ 千的數(shù)，末位數(shù)用序數(shù)詞，前位數(shù)用基數(shù)詞。如：one hundred and thirty?eighth( 第一百三十八)，three hundred and third(第三百零三)。基數(shù)詞變序數(shù)詞口訣: 基變序,有規(guī)律,詞尾要加th .一二三,特殊記,詞尾分別tdd (first second third ) 八去t ,九去e,ve要用f替.ty變作tie,再加th莫忘記. 若遇幾十幾,只變個位就可以.序數(shù)詞如下：1st2nd3rd4th5th6th7th8th9th10th11th12thfirstsecondthirdfourthfifthsixthseventheighthninthtentheleventhtwelfth13th14th15th16th17th18th19th thirteenthfourteenthfifteenthsixteenthseventeentheighteenthnineteenth   20th30th40th50th60th70th80th90th100thtwentieththirtiethfortiethfiftiethsixtiethseventietheightiethninetiethone hundredth 21st22nd23rd35th101st twenty-firsttwenty-secondtwenty-thirdthirty-fifthone hundred and first  【拓展】 （1）序數(shù)詞主要用作定語，通常在前面加定冠詞the. 但當序數(shù)詞前有形容詞性物主代詞或名詞所有格修飾時，不用定冠詞the。    Mr Lin lives on the fifth floor.  Simon is his third child.(2)如果序數(shù)詞前出現(xiàn)不定冠詞，a 或 an 表示再，又。    You’ll have to do it a second time.(3)兩位以上的序數(shù)詞僅個位數(shù)部分用序數(shù)詞,其余部分仍用基數(shù)詞。如：thirty-sixth,(4)表示日期         Today is the fifth of March.今天是3月5日。（5）序數(shù)詞作“幾分之幾”講時,有復數(shù)形式。如：1/5→one fifth ; 2/3→ two thirds ; 4/7→ four sevenths ; 1/2→ a half ; 1/4→a quarter ; 3/4→ three quarters ; 50%→ fifty hundredths ( fifty percent).分數(shù)作主語時, 謂語動詞根據(jù)分數(shù)詞后面的名詞來確定.  Two fifths of the milk ______(be ) drunk by Tom .  One third of the students _______(be )girls .3、數(shù)詞的用法：（1）表示年份： 結(jié)構(gòu): 1).月 日,年  (日用序數(shù)詞,年用基數(shù)詞)    注:年份的讀法: 先讀前兩位數(shù),再讀后兩位數(shù). 讀日時要加the.1900 --- nineteen hundred    1807--- one thousand eight hundred and seven2008 --- two thousand and eight   2).日 月 年   (the +序數(shù)詞+of +月, 年)2007年3月21日---the twenty-first of March ,two thousand and seven.               --- March the twenty-first ,two thousand and seven.2002: twenty thousand and two ; 1976 : nineteen seventy-six.12月1日: Dec.1st或the first of December；2002年11月8日: Nov. 8th, 2002.（3）表示時刻： 5：15→ five fifteen或a quarter past five ; 8：30→ eight thirty或half past eight ; 10：45→ ten forty-five或a quarter to eleven.（4）表示編號： 結(jié)構(gòu):名詞(首字母要大寫) + 基數(shù)詞 = the +序數(shù)詞 +名詞  Lesson One = the first lesson Room 105→Room one 0 five; Bus No.13→Bus Number Thirteen; P.5→Page Five; Tel.No.7658659→Telephone Number seven-six-five-eight-six-five-nine（5）小數(shù)的讀法：5.7→ five point seven,  0.16 →zero point one six.（6）“半”的表達： 1/2→half, 半小時→half an hour, 1.5小時→one and a half hours或one hour and a half.  （7）序數(shù)詞前面加the時,表示順序,若前面有人稱代詞所有格修飾時，則不加the加a/an時表示“再一、又一”。如：the eleventh birthday of me  =  my eleventh birthday     Tom was the first student to arrive at school this morning.The third lesson is rather difficult.(第三課相當難)/ Shall we read the text a third time?(我們把課文讀第三遍,好嗎？)（8）表示時間間隔：每……/每隔……（多久）  數(shù)詞前加every  every ten days  =every ninth day  每十天(每隔九天)  即：every +基數(shù)詞 +復數(shù)名詞 = every + (序數(shù)詞-1) +單數(shù)名詞（9）.表示年代和年齡：基數(shù)詞的復數(shù)形式  1)表示年代: in the + 年份的復數(shù)   在幾世紀幾十年代.在十九世紀七十年代 1890s  In the nineteen seventies  2)表年齡: in one’s + 整十的復數(shù)    表示在某人幾十歲時在他四十歲時 in his forties 加減乘除的表達.1. “加”用plus，and或add表示；“等于”用is，make，equal等詞表示。2+3=? 可表示為： How much is two plus three?2+3=5 Two plus three is five.Two and three is equal to five.Two and three make five.Two added to three equals five.If we add two to/and three, we get five.2. “減”用 minus或 take from表示10－6＝?　How much is ten minus six?10-6=4Ten minus six is four.Take six from ten and the remainder is four.Six (taken) from ten is four.3. “乘”用time（動詞）或multiply表示3X4＝? How much is three times four?3X4=12Three times four is/are twelve.Multiply three by four，we get twelve.Three multiplied by four makes twelve.4. “除”用divide的過去分詞形式表示16÷4=? How much is sixteen divided by four?16÷4＝4Sixteen divided by four is four.Sixteen divided by four equals/gives/makes four.【總結(jié)】 【當堂小測】一、單項選擇。 1.Because of the special situation this year, about ________ of the students in our school ________ having classes on the Internet at home.A. two thirds; are       B. two third; is       C. second thirds; are   D. two thirds; is2  ______ is the most difficult of all the lessons.     A. Lesson Six  B. The Lesson Six     C. Lesson Sixth         D. The Lesson Sixth 3 There are about _______ students in our school.    A. two thousand  B. two thousand of  C. two thousands         D. two thousands of 4 The famous writer read _______ books in his life.     A. thousand    B. thousands        C. thousand of       D. thousands of 5 There are _______ months in a year and the _______ is December.     A. twelve; twelve    B. twelve; twelfth  C. twelfth; twelfth       D. twelfth; twelve6 — How old is your sister? — She is ______.     A. 10 year      B. 10 years     C. 10 years old     D. 10-year -old 7 — Will you come to my ____ birthday party next Friday, Susan?    — Yes, of course. And I’ll bring a nice gift for you.   A. eighteen    B. eighteens    C. eighteenth       D.  the eighteenth 8 Twenty-one ______ by three is seven.     A. added       B. divided         C. multiplied        D. subtracted 9 Thirteen plus nine equals ______.     A. twenty two      B. twenty second  C. twenty-two     D. twenty-second 10 Two multiplied ______ five is ten.       A. by            B. in                  C. on                      D. at 二、用英語單詞表達下列數(shù)字。1        38 ____________________________________________2        101____________________________________________ 3        222 _____________________________________________4  8, 245, 099 ________________________________________5  第11 ___________________________________________  6  第509_____________________________________________7  10+5=15 __________________________________________8  29-14=15 ___________________________________________9  5×6=30 ______________________________________________10  80÷5=16 _________________________________________________【課后作業(yè)】一、語法選擇。There are more than 7 billion people in the world today and (1) ___________ population is still growing. Two (2) __________ years ago, there were only around 250 million people in the world. Over the next 1700 years, the number doubled to 500 million. (3) __________ the next 200 years, the world population grew to one million. Now, the population is doubling every forty years.Why is the world population now (4) __________ so quickly? A long time ago, there were no hospitals or doctors. People often died young: About 200 years ago, doctors began to learn more (5) __________ what (6) __________ people sick. They learnt (7) __________ to make people well again, (8) ___________ people began to live longer lives. There (9) __________ more families. More families meant more people. Then the population of the world began to grow faster and faster.What will happen if the population does not stop growing? It will make (10) __________ more and more difficult for us all. (11) ___________ people mean more population. The water in our rivers will become too dirty (12) __________. The air will become (13) ___________ too.We (14) __________ do something now, before we destroy (15) __________ and our beautiful world.(1) A. a          B. an         C. the       D. /(2) A. thousand         B. thousands       C. thousand     D. thousands of(3) A. At         B. In      C. On     D. For(4) A. grow        B. grows          C. grew      D. growing(5) A. about         B. from       C. of     D. to(6) A. making        B. made      C. makes     D. make(7) A. how     B. how much    C. how many   D. how soon(8) A. although       B. but      C. and    D. so(9) A. are       B. were      C. will be    D. have(10) A. living     B. lives     C. life        D. live(11) A. many         B. more         C. much      D. most(12) A. drink          B. drinks        C. drinking     D. to drink(13) A. dirty          B. dirtier      C. dirtiest     D. more dirty(14) A. must         B. may        C. need      D. can(15) A. our         B. we        C. us          D. ourselves二、閱讀理解A young man worked very hard at his lessons. He was too busy to have a rest. At last, he became ill, so he couldn’t go to sleep. Every night, when he went to bed, he closed his eyes and tried to sleep. But he always stayed awake and couldn’t fall asleep.  After some days, he decided to see a doctor. “I just can’t go to sleep at night. What should I do? Could you please help me?”“I have a suggestion(建議)，”said the doctor. “Try counting numbers. By the time you reach one thousand, you’ll be asleep. I’m sure of it.”  The next day the man returned to the doctor’s office. “Well,” said the doctor, how are you today? Did you try my suggestion?” The man still looked tired. “Yes,” he said, “I tried counting one , two, three—up to one thousand. But when I reached five hundred and sixty-nine, I began to feel sleepy. I had to get up and drink some tea so that I could go on counting up to one thousand. But then I still couldn’t fall asleep.”1.The young man couldn’t go to sleep because_________________.                       。A. he was worried about his homeworkB. he worked too hard and became illC. he didn’t finish doing his lessonsD. there was a lot of noise there and he couldn’t have a rest2.The doctor asked the young man____________.             .A. to put all numbers from I to 1000 togetherB. to take some medicine and go to bed earlierC. to count numbers while he was lying in bedD. to count numbers before he went to bed3.The young man returned to the doctor’s office the next day because_________.            .A. he wanted to ask the doctor how to count the numbersB. he wanted to thank the doctorC. he was better and wanted some more medicineD. he still couldn’t go to sleep at night4.The young man ____________.              .A. counted from 569 to 1000B. counted from 1 to 1000 and fell asleepC. counted from 1 to 569 and got up to drink some teaD. counted from 1 to 569 and fell asleep5.The young man________________  in fact.A. didn’t understand the doctor’s suggestionB. wasn’t ill at allC. was not able to count numbersD. didn’t try the doctor’s suggestion 

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初中英語滬教牛津版（2024）八年級上冊電子課本

Unit 2 Numbers

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