課時素養(yǎng)檢測  八　Unit 2　Period 4Ⅰ. 閱讀理解　　Do you have trouble trying to create the next big idea? Sometimes the answer isn’t to just force an idea out of your mind. Instead, you might want to try sitting back, relaxing and letting your mind wander. Yes, you heard that correctly. If you are in need of a new idea, try daydreaming.  Researchers from the university of California, Santa Barbara, found an association between daydreaming and creative problem-solving. Their study includes having participants first do an “unusual-use task”. They had to try to come up with as many different ways to use an object as they could.  Then, the participants chose to do one of the following four things before doing the “unusual-use task” again:  complete a difficult task; complete an easy task; take a 12-minute break; or skip the 12-minute break and move right on to the task exercise again.  Surprisingly, the group that performed best was the one that completed the easy task. Many participants reported that they were daydreaming while performing the easy task. So the researchers believed that this daydreaming might have helped unlock their creativity. But how could daydreaming help the brain come up with creative ways? The answer is something known as “unconscious thought”. Even when you are not actively working to solve a problem, it is still in the back of your mind. Your brain is still thinking about the problem, but in a much more subtle way.  When you daydream, your mind is allowed to think in ways it normally would not. Because it is free of control, it can create completely new and out-of-the-box ideas. Great ideas never come easily, but that does not mean you always have to work hard to get them. Feel free to do what you want and let your mind wander.  【語篇概述】本文是一篇議論文。這篇文章主要是想告訴我們白日夢是一種提高創(chuàng)造力的方法。 1. The “unusual-use task” in Paragraph 2 means that participants _______.   A. complete an easy task B. complete a very difficult task C. take a 12-minute break D. think of various ways to use an object【解析】選D。細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中Their study includes having participants first do an “unusual-use task”. They had to try to come up with as many different ways to use an object as they could. 可知,他們必須設法想出盡可能多的不同的方法來使用一個物體。 2. Why did the participants who completed the easy task perform best? A. They were not actively working to solve the easy task.  B. They daydreamed and it helped them be more creative.  C. They were daydreaming while performing the difficult task.  D. They skipped the 12-minute break to complete the task again.  【解析】選B。推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段第二句 Many participants reported that they were daydreaming while performing the easy task. So the researchers believed that this daydreaming might have helped unlock their creativity. (很多參與者說他們既做了夢又輕松完成了工作。因此,研究人員認為這種白日夢有助于釋放創(chuàng)造力。)可知,因為參與者白天做夢有助于解放創(chuàng)造力所以他們是表現(xiàn)最好的。 3. What does the underlined phrase “unconscious thought” in Paragraph 5 mean? A. Your brain wanders in a subtle way within your control.  B. Your brain knows clearly what you’re thinking and doing.  C. Your brain is thinking about a problem outside of your awareness.  D. Your brain refuses to receive any information from the outside world.  【解析】選C。詞義猜測題。根據(jù)畫線詞下文內(nèi)容Even when you are not actively working to solve a problem,it is still in the back of your mind. Your brain is still thinking about the problem,but in a much more subtle way. (即使你沒有積極地去解決一個問題,它仍然在你的腦海中。你的大腦仍然在思考這個問題,但是以一種更微妙的方式。)可知畫線詞的意思是“你的大腦正在思考一個超出你意識的問題?！?/span> 4. The passage mainly wants to tell us that _______.   A. brainstorming is important to creative ideas B. daydreaming is a way to improve creativity C. problem-solving skills are important in our lives D. the more we exercise brains, the more ideas we’ll get 【解析】選B。主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句If you are in need of a new idea,try daydreaming. 可知,這篇文章主要是想告訴我們白日夢是一種提高創(chuàng)造力的方法。故選B。 Ⅱ. 完形填空Culture shock is a complex topic, but I’m a simple man with simple perspectives. So my experience of foreign culture boils down to three basic stages:  anger, acceptance and appreciation.  When I began my life in China, I was often filled with frustration and 　1　 over the way things were. Things were seen as clearly “　2　”and I rejected the view of there being other ways of doing things. Afterwards I came to　3　 different ways of doing things but still saw my own ways as superior.  My views were still heavily coloured by 　4　 and I often accepted situations I felt 　5　 by simply saying the phrase “That’s in China. ” 　6　 China was a backward country that simply didn’t do things correctly. Finally, however, I came to understand and appreciate the new 　7　 and ways of doing things,sometimes using them as effectively as the　8　. For example, fish is never 　9　 with the head in my country,thus my feelings went from “Ugh!I can’t eat this!The fish is 　10　 at me saying, ‘You’re a 　11　 man. ’ Take this off the table, ” to “I’ll let my friends enjoy, but I’ll just stick with the other dishes, ” and to “Would anyone mind if I eat the eyeball?”  It is not the same with every westerner, and some take 　12　 than others to go through the three stages. It all depends on how 　13　 you are and how tightly you 　14　 to your own culture. It took over a year of living in China before I finally appreciate the new culture. Now, I’m more 　15　 in China than in my own country.   【語篇概述】本文作者通過描寫自己對中國文化從氣憤到欣賞的心路歷程,說明了一個人對外國文化的接受過程。 1. A. curiosity 　   B. fear 　　   C. purpose 　 D. anger 【解析】選D。詞匯復現(xiàn)題。該段講述的是作者初到中國時對中國文化所持有的態(tài)度。結(jié)合第一段中所提到的三個基本階段anger,acceptance和appreciation可知作者目前是處于第一個階段,即anger。 2. A. wrong    B. right    C. wise   D. smooth 【解析】選A。推理判斷題。根據(jù)下文“I rejected the view of there being other ways of doing things”可知作者拒絕接受處理事情的其他的方式,因為他認為其他方式都是錯誤的。因為錯誤,所以拒絕。 3. A. find     B. use    C. accept    D. refuse 【解析】選C。語境理解題。根據(jù)下文中“I often accepted situations. . . ”可知作者后來逐漸接受了一些中國文化。所以答案選C。 4. A. preferences   B. referencesC. facts     D. standards【解析】選A。邏輯推理題。根據(jù)上下文可知作者對于某些文化現(xiàn)象的接受仍憑個人的喜好。preference“偏愛,喜好”。 5. A. necessary   B. importantC. nervous     D. stupid【解析】選D。 邏輯推理題。根據(jù)下文可知作者覺得人們解釋一些文化現(xiàn)象時僅僅說一句“這是在中國”的行為很愚蠢。 6. A. mentioning   B. sayingC. meaning    D. referring【解析】選C。詞義辨析題。mention“提到;提及”;say“說”;refer“指的是”。此處是解釋上文的 “That’s in China. ”,mean“意思是”,符合語境。 7. A. character    B. personalityC. revolution    D. culture 【解析】選D。詞匯復現(xiàn)題。根據(jù)文章的第一句話可知此處作者是講述自己如何接受中國文化的,所以選D項。 8. A. locals     B. foreignersC. researchers    D. citizens【解析】選A。邏輯推理題。根據(jù)作者的轉(zhuǎn)變可推斷他像當?shù)厝艘粯幼匀绲剡\用中國人的處事方式。 9. A. bought    B. soldC. served     D. separated 【解析】選C。詞義辨析題。句意: 在我們國家,從來不吃魚頭。serve表示“端上(飯菜)”,符合語境。 10. A. glancing   B. laughingC. shouting    D. staring【解析】選D。詞義辨析題。帶頭的魚端上來以后,作者認為魚在瞪著自己。glance at“瞥了一眼”;stare at “盯著;瞪著”。根據(jù)句意選D。 11. A. kind   B. cruel     C. brave    D. unique 【解析】選B。邏輯推理題。根據(jù)語境推斷當時作者認為,在魚看來自己就是一個殘忍的人。所以選B。12. A. more  B. less     C. further   D. longer 【解析】選D。邏輯推理題。空格前的take表示“花費”,根據(jù)語境可知,對于西方人來說,有的人需要花費更長的時間來接受一種新的文化。所以答案選D。 13. A. adaptable     B. considerable C. dependable     D. enjoyable 【解析】選A。詞義辨析題。根據(jù)語境可知,一個人對于一種新的文化的接受速度取決于其適應能力。adaptable“可適應的”;considerable“相當多(大)的”;dependable“可依靠的”;enjoyable“愉快的,快樂的”。根據(jù)句意可知答案選A。 14. A. get    B. hold    C. catch    D. insist 【解析】選B。背景常識題。按常理說對本國文化的固守程度會影響對新的文化的理解和接受。hold指“持有;保持”。本題易錯選D項,insist表示“堅持”時應搭配介詞on。15. A. anxious    B. welcomed C. comfortable    D. miserable 【解析】選C。邏輯推理題。隨著對中國文化的接受和欣賞,作者內(nèi)心也發(fā)生了很大的變化?，F(xiàn)在作者感到在中國比在自己的國家還要舒服。 Ⅲ. 書面表達　　假設你是李華,你的外國朋友Tom即將作為交換生來中國學習一年。在中國期間,他想下載一款新的媒體軟件來跟中國的同學朋友交流。請你根據(jù)以下內(nèi)容寫一封信,向他推薦WeChat這款軟件。寫作內(nèi)容: 1. 寫信目的; 2. 介紹軟件及推薦理由;3. 對其到來表示歡迎。注意:  1. 詞數(shù) 80個左右; 2. 可以適當增加細節(jié),以使行文連貫; 3. 開頭和結(jié)尾已為你寫好。Dear Tom,________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours, Li Hua 【參考范文】 Dear Tom,I’m writing to give you some advice on which social media you should use in China, and to explain the reasons for my recommendation. Personally speaking, I strongly believe that WeChat is the best choice for you. Similar to Instagram in the west, it allows you to share your special moments with friends, as well as providing a convenient platform for communication between individuals and groups. In addition, when you get here, you’ll find that all your friends are users, so using this app can help you at ease. All in all, WeChat is an indispensable tool for Chinese people of all ages and from all walks of life, so I strongly suggest that you learn to use it. If you have any further questions about your future life here in China, please don’t hesitate to ask. I’m sincerely looking forward to your arrival.   Yours, Li Hua閱讀理解 　　Around this time a few years ago, it was common to see videos of friends on social media having a bucket of icy water thrown on them. Known as the “ice bucket challenge”, it was created as a way to raise money for the medical condition ALS. But now, there’s a new challenge and this time, no water is involved. What is it? Well, think of a fruit that you’d never normally sink your teeth into. Perhaps you’ve got it:  a lemon. While we enjoy using lemons to add flavor to dishes, very few of us would actually eat one as we’d eat an apple or an orange. But the horrible taste is the precise reason why the “l(fā)emon face challenge” is taking off. Participants bite into a lemon, taking a selfie as they do it before posting the photo online. The fun is all about expression people make as all that citric acid(檸檬酸)hits their taste buds(味蕾). Every expression seems to say, “This is worse than freezing water. ”The serious side to this trend is the good cause it’s all in aid of. The challenge aims to raise awareness of a rare brain cancer that affects young children. It was started by Aubregh Nicholas, an 11-year-old US kid. She was diagnosed with this rare brain cancer herself in September 2017, but has since raised almost $50,000 to cover her medical expenses thanks to the challenge. If a challenge is going to raise publicity and contributions from people, it has to be something interesting and original. That way the ice bucket challenge took off in 2014 and it explains why so many people are now sharing their lemon faces. There are a lot of stories about the downside of social media these days. The charity challenges, however, show how online culture can unite the world and bring help to the people who most need it.   【語篇概述】本文是一篇議論文。繼“冰桶挑戰(zhàn)”之后,又一網(wǎng)紅挑戰(zhàn)“檸檬臉挑戰(zhàn)”引發(fā)了全球關(guān)注。近年來有不少社交媒體的負面消息,然而這些慈善挑戰(zhàn)卻體現(xiàn)了網(wǎng)絡文化如何能夠聯(lián)合世界各地的人,幫助那些最需要幫助的人。 1. Why is the icy bucket challenge mentioned in the article? A. To show how charity gained its popularity online.  B. To introduce a similar challenge that raises money for charity.  C. To attract people’s attention to a rare disease.  D. To prove its popularity around the world. 【解析】選B。推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中的it was common to see videos of friends on social media having a bucket of icy water thrown on them. Known as the “ice bucket challenge”, it was created as a way to raise money for the medical condition ALS. But now, there’s a new challenge and this time, no water is involved. 可知,在文章中提到了“冰桶挑戰(zhàn)”是為了引出一個類似的挑戰(zhàn),為慈善事業(yè)籌集資金。 2. Compared with the pre-Internet charity, what is the advantage of online charity? A. It raises more money than ever before.  B. It is started by the people who suffer rare diseases.  C. It brings people together easily and quickly.  D. It causes little doubt among people .  【解析】選C。推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中That way the ice bucket challenge took off in 2014 and it explains why so many people are now sharing their lemon faces. There are a lot of stories about the downside of social media these days. The charity challenges, however, show how online culture can unite the world and bring help to the people who most need it. 可知,與之前的網(wǎng)絡慈善機構(gòu)相比,在線慈善的優(yōu)勢是它能讓人們輕松、快速地聚在一起,去提供幫助。 3. What does the underlined phrase “take off” in the last paragraph mean? A. Go away suddenly.  B. Become successful and popular.  C. Remove your clothes.  D. Take a break.  【解析】選B。詞義猜測題。根據(jù)最后一段中的If a challenge is going to raise publicity and contributions from people, it has to be something interesting and original. That way the ice bucket challenge took off in 2014 and it explains why so many people are now sharing their lemon faces. 可知,如果一個挑戰(zhàn)是要提高公眾的知名度和貢獻,那就必須是一些有趣和原創(chuàng)的東西。就是這樣,“冰桶挑戰(zhàn)”在2014年獲得成功,這也解釋了為什么現(xiàn)在有那么多人在分享他們的檸檬臉。由此推知畫線詞的意思是“獲得成功”。 4. What is the author’s attitude towards online charity? A. Positive. 　　　　　　B. Indifferent.  C. Negative.  D. Ambiguous.  【解析】選A。推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段最后兩句There are a lot of stories about the downside of social media these days. The charity challenges, however, show how online culture can unite the world and bring help to the people who most need it. 可知,網(wǎng)絡文化可以團結(jié)世界,給最需要幫助的人帶來幫助。作者對在線慈善的態(tài)度是“肯定的”。  

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