《Unit 4 Astronomy the science of the stars Warming Up & Reading》Ⅰ.用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1．A ________ (violence) tornado hit a village in southwest of China the other day.2．As we all know, a bad eating habit is ________ (harm) to one's health.3．Do you believe that there is the ________ (exist) of ghosts?4．He often says that he doesn't believe in any ________ (religious)and only believes in himself.5．________ (like) what he said, he didn't carry out his promise.6．There is a ________ expression on his face because of the ________ problem. (puzzle)7．To us the whole ________ (global)is like a family.8．If a person or thing is ________ (chain) to something, they are fastened to it with a chain.9．The customers have ________ (multiply) their demands on this kind of products in the past two years.10．We need many powerful ________ (system)to keep a stable society running smoothly (順利地)．答案：1.violent　2.harmful　3.existence　4.religion　5.Unlike　6.puzzled; puzzling　7.globe　8.chained　9.multiplied　10.systemsⅡ.用適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~或副詞填空1．We have, ________ our turn, become the strongest team in our school.2．It took her a long time to cool ________ after the argument.3．He stayed in the background to escape ________ the public attention.4．On October 17, at 9：25 am, she gave birth ________ a beautiful baby girl.5．A person, ________ a machine, is not replaceable.答案：1.in　2.down　3.from　4.to　5.unlikeⅢ.完成句子1．The other day the cat ________________ three kitties. (birth)幾天前這只貓生了三只小貓。2．If you fly to Shanghai, you will ________________. (attend)如果你乘飛機(jī)去上海，你就能夠及時(shí)趕上出席會(huì)議。3．Now it is ________________ the room. (turn)現(xiàn)在輪到我們打掃房間。4．The polluted water can ________________. (harmful)污染的水會(huì)對(duì)環(huán)境造成很大的危害。5．His father ________________ work in another city. (prevent)他父親阻止他去另一個(gè)城市工作。6．Man is born free, but ________________. (chain)人生來(lái)是自由的，然而他卻無(wú)處不受束縛。7．________________ so hard-working. (unlike)那么勤奮不像他平常的樣子。8．Nowadays, there are still many people wondering ________________. (existence)現(xiàn)在仍有很多人想知道，地球是何時(shí)開始存在的。9．The student ________________. (puzzled)這個(gè)學(xué)生對(duì)下一步做什么感到困惑。10．They often ________________. (argue)他們之間經(jīng)常吵架很兇。答案：1.gave birth to　2.be able to attend the meeting in time　3.our turn to clean　4.be very harmful to the environment　5.prevented him from going to　6.everywhere he is in chains　7.It's unlike him to be　8.when the world came into existence　9.was puzzled about what to do next　10.argue with each other violentlyⅣ.完形填空Space is a dangerous place, not only because of meteors (流星) but also because of rays from the sun and other stars. The atmosphere again acts __1__ our protective blanket on __2__. Light gets through, and this is essential __3__ plants to make the food which we __4__. Heat, __5__，makes our environments tolerable and some ultraviolet (紫外線的) rays penetrate the __6__. Cosmic (宇宙的) rays of various kinds come __7__ the air from outer space , but __8__ quantities of radiation from the sun are screened off. __9__ men leave the atmosphere they are __10__ to this radiation, __11__ their spacesuits or the walls of their spacecraft，if they are inside, __12__ prevent a lot of radiation damage. Radiation is the greatest known danger to explorers in __13__. Doses of radiation are measured in __14__ called “rems (雷目)”. We all __15__ radiation here on earth from the sun，from cosmic rays and from radioactive minerals. The “__16__” dose of radiation that we receive each year is about two millirems. It __17__ according to where you live, and this is a very rough estimate. Scientists have the reason to think __18__ a man can __19__ far more radiation __20__ without being damaged. The figure of 60 rems has been agreed.1．A.for   B．with  C．on   D．a(chǎn)s2．A.stars   B．sun  C．earth   D．space3．A.with   B．from  C．under   D．for4．A.use   B．live  C．eat   D．get5．A.again   B．a(chǎn)lso   C．besides   D．too6．A.environment   B．space  C．a(chǎn)tmosphere   D．earth7．A.across   B．to  C．from   D．through8．A.valid   B．enormous  C. various   D．proper9．A.As soon as   B．As well as  C．As much as   D．As possible as10．A.shown   B．exposed  C．faced   D．covered11．A.but   B．because  C．so   D．so that12．A.get   B．make  C．have   D．do13．A.earth   B．a(chǎn)tmosphere  C．space   D．environment14．A.pieces   B．units  C．parts   D．systems15．A.receive   B．a(chǎn)ccept  C．bring   D．catch16．A.conventional   B．common  C．general   D．normal17．A.puzzles   B．floats  C．combines   D．changes18．A.what   B．which  C．that   D．why19．A.put up with   B．keep up with  C．come up with   D．catch up with20．A.from   B．than  C．a(chǎn)s   D．a(chǎn)way答案與解析：本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。太陽(yáng)和其他星體發(fā)出的射線對(duì)人類既有利又有弊，那么大氣層對(duì)此又是如何起作用的呢？人們能承受的安全射線數(shù)是多少雷目呢？1．解析：act for代表，代理；act on按照……行事；act as充當(dāng)，起……作用。句意：大氣層再次對(duì)我們起到保護(hù)傘的作用。答案：D2．解析：由上題可知大氣層起到保護(hù)傘的作用，保護(hù)的應(yīng)該是地球。故選C項(xiàng)。答案：C3．解析：be essential for對(duì)……來(lái)說(shuō)是首要的、基礎(chǔ)的，為固定搭配。答案：D4．解析：由題意可知植物依靠陽(yáng)光來(lái)制造我們吃的食物，故選C項(xiàng)。答案：C5．解析：句意：熱能也能使我們的生活環(huán)境溫度適宜，并且一些紫外線可以穿透大氣層。also一般緊跟動(dòng)詞；besides一般用在句首；too可用在句中，用逗號(hào)隔開。答案：D6．解析：根據(jù)上題所講，penetrate(穿透)這個(gè)動(dòng)詞后面應(yīng)接atmosphere“大氣層”這個(gè)名詞。答案：C7．解析：這里的come through相當(dāng)于penetrate“穿透”。come across偶遇；come to來(lái)到；come from來(lái)自。句意：各類來(lái)自外部空間的宇宙射線穿透大氣層……故選through。答案：D8．解析：valid有效的；various各種各樣的；proper合適的。在四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中只有enormous表示“大量的”。答案：B9．解析：as soon as一……就……；as well as除……之外還；as much as和……一樣多；as possible as盡可能。句意：人類一離開大氣層就會(huì)接觸到射線……故選A項(xiàng)。答案：A10．解析：be exposed to暴露于；show展示；face面對(duì)；cover覆蓋，涉及，包含。根據(jù)句意應(yīng)選B項(xiàng)。答案：B11．解析：本句前半句的意思：人們一離開大氣層就會(huì)接觸射線；后半句的意思：他們的太空服和太空船的外壁會(huì)阻止射線造成的損害。前后應(yīng)該是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，故用but。答案：A12．解析：“do＋動(dòng)詞原形”結(jié)構(gòu)強(qiáng)調(diào)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。答案：D13．解析：由radiation和explorers可推測(cè)，應(yīng)選space(太空)。句意：射線是探險(xiǎn)者在太空遇見的已知的最大危險(xiǎn)。答案：C14．解析：piece碎片；unit單位，單元；part部分；system體系，系統(tǒng)。句意：射線的多少可以以“雷目”這個(gè)測(cè)量單位來(lái)測(cè)量。答案：B15．解析：receive表示客觀收到；accept表示主觀接受。我們是受到輻射而非主觀接受。答案：A16．解析：conventional傳統(tǒng)的；common共同的，普通的；general一般的，總體的；normal正常的。句意：我們每年接受的正常輻射量大約為2毫雷目。故選normal。答案：D17．解析：puzzle使迷惑；float漂??；combine結(jié)合；change變化。由句意“所處地點(diǎn)不同，所受輻射量也不一樣”可確定答案為D項(xiàng)。答案：D18．解析：本句應(yīng)填入引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句的連接代詞，而從句不缺少主語(yǔ)和賓語(yǔ)，因而不選擇what和which，加之主句是陳述語(yǔ)氣，故選擇that。答案：C19．解析：put up with忍受，符合語(yǔ)境；keep up with和catch up with意為“跟上”；come up with意為“提出”。答案：A20．解析：與前面的more相對(duì)應(yīng)。答案：BⅤ.閱讀理解Astronomy is the oldest science known to man. Thousands of years ago man looked at the stars and wondered about the heavens. But man was limited by what he could see with his eyes alone.The Greeks studied astronomy over 2,000 years ago. They could see the size, color, and brightness of stars. They could see their places in the sky. They watched the stars move as the seasons changed. But the Greeks had no tools to help them study the starry heavens.Each new tool added to the files of astronomy; it helped man reach out into space. Until there were telescopes(望遠(yuǎn)鏡), man knew little about the moon. They did not know that the planet called Saturn (土星) has rings around it. Their sight was so limited that they could not see all the planets. In the early 1700s, people thought there were only six planets.Before the spectroscope (分光鏡), man did not know what kind of gases are in the sun or other stars. Without the radio telescope (電波望遠(yuǎn)鏡) we did not know that radio noises come from far out in space.Today, astronomy is a growing science. We have learned more in the last fifty years than in the whole history of astronomy.1．The passage mainly tells us ________.A．the spectroscope helps man know what kind of gases are in the sun and other starsB．there are eight planets in spaceC．there was much noise in spaceD．science can't grow fast without modern technology2．Thousands of years ago, ________.A．man watched the stars with their eyesB．telescopes helped man to study the starsC．man knew nothing about the skyD．man knew Saturn has rings around it3．When the Greeks watched the stars, they knew all of the following except ________.A．the color of the starsB．the size of the starsC．the movement of the starsD．what the stars were made of4．Man now knows ________.A．the moon has rings around itB．there are six planetsC．Saturn's rings can be seen by human eyesD．radio noises come from far out in space答案與解析：1．解析：主旨大意題。文章第一段為主題段，此段的最后一句話為主題句，其他段都是圍繞這一主題展開，故答案選D。答案：D2．解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第一段第二、三句話可知，在幾千年前人們主要通過(guò)肉眼來(lái)觀察星球。答案：A3．解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第二段可知，只有D項(xiàng)的內(nèi)容“星球是由什么組成的”沒(méi)有提到。答案：D4．解析：推理判斷題。由第四段最后一句可推知，現(xiàn)在人們已經(jīng)知道無(wú)線電噪聲來(lái)自遙遠(yuǎn)的外太空。答案：D  

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