2021版高考英語(yǔ)（外研版）一輪復(fù)習(xí)教師用書：必修33Module3　TheViolenceofNature

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一、語(yǔ)基必備知識(shí)
(一)重點(diǎn)詞匯——分類記憶
Ⅰ.閱讀詞匯——在不認(rèn)識(shí)的詞匯前劃√
disaster n．　　　　　　　 flood n.
hurricane n. tornado n.
lightning n. column n.
current n. feather n.
wave n. ash n.
erupt vt. eruption n.
volcano n. previous adj.
worldwide adj.
Ⅱ.核心詞匯——寫其形
1．cause vt.　　　　　 引起；導(dǎo)致
2．bury vt. 埋葬
3．occur vi. 發(fā)生
4．ruin vt. 毀壞
5．earthquake n. 地震
6．a(chǎn)ctive adj. 積極的；活躍的
7．damage n．& v. 損失；損害
Ⅲ.拓展詞匯——通其變
1．experience vt.經(jīng)歷→experienced adj.有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的
2．furnish v．裝備；配備→furniture n．家具
3．violent adj.猛烈的；激烈的；強(qiáng)烈的→violently adv.強(qiáng)烈地；激烈地→violence n．暴力
4．strike vt.& n．(雷電、暴風(fēng)雨等)襲擊→struck(過(guò)去式) →stricken/struck(過(guò)去分詞)
5．possible adj.可能的→likely/probable(近義詞)→possibility n．可能；可能性
6．terrify vt.使驚恐；使受驚嚇→terrifying adj.嚇人的；可怕的→terrified adj.恐懼的；受驚嚇的
7．luck n．運(yùn)氣，好運(yùn)→lucky adj.幸運(yùn)的→luckily adv.幸運(yùn)地；幸虧
8．thankful adj.感激的→thankfully adv.感激地；滿懷感謝地
9．hope vt.& n．希望→hopefully adv.滿懷希望地；有希望地→hopeful adj.滿懷希望的；有希望的
10．sad adj.悲傷的→sadly adv.傷心地；不幸地→sadness n．悲傷
11．fortune n．運(yùn)氣；財(cái)富→fortunately adv.幸運(yùn)地；幸虧→fortunate adj.幸運(yùn)的
12．warn v．警告→warning n．警告

1.“發(fā)生”詞匯大全
①occur　　　　　 (偶然)發(fā)生
②happen (偶然)發(fā)生
③take place (計(jì)劃等)發(fā)生
④come about 發(fā)生；產(chǎn)生(尤指不受控制地)
⑤break out (災(zāi)害等)爆發(fā)
2.后綴-ly副詞小結(jié)
①thankfully 　　　 感激地
②truly 真正地
③bravely 勇敢地
④quietly 安靜地
⑤similarly 相似地
⑥fluently 流利地
3.“損害”動(dòng)詞家族
①damage　　　　 損害
②destroy 毀壞
③ruin 毀壞
④harm 損害
⑤injure 損害
⑥hurt 損害
(二)重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)——記牢用活
1．pick__up　　　　　　 卷起；掀起；(偶然)學(xué)會(huì)
2．put__down 記下；放下；鎮(zhèn)壓
3．take__off 去掉；突然成功；休假
4．on__average 平均起來(lái)
5．end__up 結(jié)果為……，以……結(jié)束
6．set__fire__to 放火(焚燒)……
7．catch__fire 著火
8．put__out 撲滅(火)
9．take__place 發(fā)生
10．in__all 總共；總計(jì)


1.fire相關(guān)短語(yǔ)大觀園
①set fire to　　　　　　　　 放火(焚燒)……
②set ...on fire 放火(焚燒)……
③catch fire 著火(表示動(dòng)作)
④be on fire 著火(表示狀態(tài))
⑤put out the fire 撲滅火
⑥make/light/start a fire 點(diǎn)火；生火
2.all相關(guān)短語(yǔ)薈萃
①in all　　　　　　　　　 總共；總計(jì)
②after all　 畢竟
③not at all 一點(diǎn)也不
④first of all 首先
⑤all in all 總的來(lái)說(shuō)
⑥above all 最重要的是
(三)重點(diǎn)句式——背熟巧用
句型公式
教材原句
句型1：leave＋賓語(yǔ)＋賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)
They can destroy houses, but leave__the__furniture__inside__exactly__where__it__was．
它們(龍卷風(fēng))能夠毀掉房子，卻把房?jī)?nèi)的家具留在原處。
句型2：現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)
On average, there are 800 tornadoes in the US each year，causing__about__80__deaths and 1，500 injuries.
平均來(lái)說(shuō)，美國(guó)每年發(fā)生800場(chǎng)龍卷風(fēng)，造成大約80人死亡，1 500人受傷。
句型3：there is/was the possibility of... 表示“有……的可能性”
When the lava reached the sea, there__was__the__possibility__of a huge tidal wave which could flood half the island.
當(dāng)巖漿涌進(jìn)大海時(shí)，有可能引發(fā)足以淹沒(méi)半個(gè)島嶼的巨大浪潮。
二、語(yǔ)境強(qiáng)化訓(xùn)練
Ⅰ.語(yǔ)境填詞——根據(jù)提示寫出該詞的適當(dāng)形式
A．根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)提示寫出下列單詞
1．As we all know, the red light is a warning(警告) sign for stop.
2．In previous(以前的) time, I didn’t realise how valuable his advice was.
3．(2018·天津卷)The possibility(可能性) that there is life on other planets in the universe has always inspired scientists to explore the outer space.
4．A good idea struck(想起) me while I was walking along the river.
5．One of the consequences of our planet’s being warming up is an increase in the number of natural disasters(災(zāi)難)．
B．根據(jù)所給單詞寫出適當(dāng)形式
6．With his reputation damaged(damage), he regretted having done so.
7．The heavy snow lasted for a week, causing(cause) a serious traffic confusion in the whole area.
8．He sat there silently, with his head buried(bury) in his hands.
9．An unexpected storm occurred(occur) when we were enjoying the pleasant voyage at the Yellow Sea.
10．It rained non-stop for ten days, completely ruining(ruin) our holiday.
Ⅱ.語(yǔ)境品詞——寫出加黑詞匯在語(yǔ)境中的意義
1．(2019·浙江卷6月)But when he finally reached her, the woman flooded him with questions: “Who are you? What antique shop？” 大量送至
2．(2019·浙江卷6月)There are lots of ways to raise awareness for a cause.__事業(yè)；目標(biāo)
3. (2019·北京卷)In a world that warms up by 3 ℃， it found that multiple changes to the colour of the oceans would occur.發(fā)生
4. (2019·全國(guó)卷Ⅰ)The crowds might damage the beauty of the place.破壞
5. (2019·全國(guó)卷Ⅰ)Does Kilimanjaro deserve its reputation as a crowded mountain with lines of tourists ruining the atmosphere of peace？破壞
Ⅲ.選詞成篇
pick up; end up; set fire to; catch fire; put out; plenty of
The factory 1.caught__fire last week. Although it was 2.put__out by the firefighters, 3.plenty__of losses have been brought about. The police suspected that someone 4.set__fire__to it. After making some investigations, it was found that a burning cigarette end caused the fire. Of course, the man concerned was to blame for it, and 5.ended__up in prison.
take off; on average; take place; in all; put down
Great changes have 6.taken__place in our school since 2019. There are 3，000 students 7.in__all in our school, almost half of whom are admitted into key universities. Therefore, every time we refer to our school, we can’t help feeling proud of it. I wish everyone of our school could 8.take__off in the following year.
Ⅳ.完成句子
1．如果一個(gè)人在事故中受傷嚴(yán)重，你最好讓他待在原地不動(dòng)。
If a person is badly injured in an accident, you’d better leave__him__where__he__is．
2．由于重大節(jié)日高速公路免費(fèi)政策，大量的車輛被困在高速公路上，造成了嚴(yán)重的交通阻塞。
Due to the policy of free highway fees on major holidays, too many cars are trapped on the highways, causing__heavy__traffic__jams．
3．糟糕的天氣使得我們不可能旅行而且很可能會(huì)放棄旅行計(jì)劃。
The terrible weather has made it impossible for us to go on vacation and there__is__the__possibility__of__abandoning the trip plan.

experience　vt.經(jīng)歷，體驗(yàn)　n．[U]經(jīng)驗(yàn)；[C]經(jīng)歷
[基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)]——單句語(yǔ)法填空/單句改錯(cuò)
①a.(2019·全國(guó)卷Ⅲ) Our hosts shared many of their experiences(experience) and recommended wonderful places to eat, shop, and visit.
b．(2019·全國(guó)卷Ⅲ) The dogs were well trained by their masters who had a great experience with caring for these animals.刪除a
②(山東卷)Welcome you to come here to__experience(experience) our traditional Chinese culture.
③(2017·全國(guó)卷Ⅲ)As to the activities, we plan to invite experienced(experience) players to give training to us every Friday afternoon.
[能力提升]——完成句子/句式升級(jí)
④(普通表達(dá))I am__very__experienced__in/have__much__experience__in(有經(jīng)驗(yàn)) doing this kind of job and I will gain__a__lot__of__experience(獲得很多經(jīng)驗(yàn)) from it.
⑤(高級(jí)表達(dá))I__am__very__experienced__in/have__much__experience__in__doing__this__kind__of__job,__from__which__I__will__gain__a__lot__of__experience.(非限制性定語(yǔ)從句)

(1)have experience in (doing) sth.
　　　　　　　　　 在(做)某事方面有經(jīng)驗(yàn)
from/by experience 憑經(jīng)驗(yàn)
in/from one’s experience　 根據(jù)某人的經(jīng)驗(yàn)看
(2)experienced adj. 有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的，熟練的
be experienced in 在……方面有經(jīng)驗(yàn)　
[佳句背誦] Considering his ability，and experience, he might have done better.
考慮到他的能力和經(jīng)驗(yàn)，他應(yīng)該能做得更好。(江西卷)
[名師點(diǎn)津] experience作名詞“經(jīng)驗(yàn)”講時(shí)，是不可數(shù)名詞；作“經(jīng)歷”講時(shí)，是可數(shù)名詞。作動(dòng)詞講時(shí)意為“經(jīng)歷，體驗(yàn)”，是及物動(dòng)詞。
[詞塊助記](méi)
work/working experience　　 　 工作經(jīng)驗(yàn)
experience hardship 經(jīng)歷困難
an experienced teacher 一位有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的老師
cause　n．原因，起因；事業(yè)；目標(biāo)　v．引起；導(dǎo)致
[基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)]——單句語(yǔ)法填空
①(2018·全國(guó)卷Ⅰ)Two of the authors of the review also made a study published in 2014 which showed a mere five to 10 minutes a day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and early deaths from all causes(cause)．
②a.(陜西卷)Unpunctual people seldom realise that their habit causes problems to others.
b．(福建卷)The lack of eco-friendly habits among the public is thought to be a major cause of global climate change.
[能力提升]——完成句子/句式升級(jí)
③(普通表達(dá)) In the summer of 2019, terrifying floods swept across many countries of the world, and it caused__great__loss__to(造成巨大損失) many places.
④(高級(jí)表達(dá)) In the summer of 2019, terrifying floods swept across many countries of the world, causing__great__loss__to__many__places. (現(xiàn)在分詞作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ))

(1)the cause of...　　　　 ……的原因
(2)cause sb.sth. 給某人帶來(lái)某事
cause sb. to do sth. 導(dǎo)致某人做某事
cause sth. to 導(dǎo)致某事……
(3)cause damage/loss to 對(duì)……造成損壞/損失　
[佳句背誦] The value of Confucian culture has caused common people’s more and more extensive concern in modern society.
儒家文化的價(jià)值在現(xiàn)代社會(huì)引起了世人越來(lái)越廣泛的關(guān)注。
[詞塊助記](méi)
cause and effect　　　　　　 因果
with good cause 有充分的理由
without good cause 毫無(wú)理由
cause an accident 造成事故
the cause of death 死因
bury　vt.埋葬；埋藏；用……覆蓋
[基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)]——單句語(yǔ)法填空
①As the College Entrance Examination is drawing near, we senior three students are__buried(bury) in busy work every day.
②He stood on the sidewalk with his hands buried(bury) in the pockets of his dark overcoat.
[能力提升]——完成句子/句式升級(jí)
③(普通表達(dá))Because he buried__himself__in/was__buried__in(專心于) his book, he didn’t notice that all the others had left.
④(高級(jí)表達(dá))Burying__himself__in__his__book,__he didn’t notice that all the others had left.(現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語(yǔ))
⑤(高級(jí)表達(dá))Buried__in__his__book,__he didn’t notice that all the others had left.(過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ))

be buried in＝bury oneself in　 埋頭于；專心于
be buried in thought 沉思　
[名師點(diǎn)津] 表示“埋頭于；致力于”的短語(yǔ)還有：be devoted to＝devote oneself to專心于，致力于；be absorbed in全神貫注于，專心于；concentrate on集中精力于，專心于；focus on集中精力于，專心于；fix one’s attention on全神貫注于，專心于；occupy oneself in doing/with＝be occupied with 專心于，忙于。
[詞塊助記](méi) buried treasure　　　 埋藏的財(cái)寶
bury one’s head/face in hands 用手捂住頭/臉
occur　vi.發(fā)現(xiàn)，出現(xiàn)；(想法、念頭等)想起，浮現(xiàn)；發(fā)生
[基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)]——單句語(yǔ)法填空
①A perfect idea occurred to us that we would give a handmade gift to our teacher for the coming Teachers’ Day.
②a.The accident is reported to__have__occurred(occur) on the first Sunday in February.
b．In the next 30 years, we could see more heat waves like the one now occurring(occur) in the U．S.
③It never occurred to her to__ask(ask) anyone for help when she was in trouble.
[能力提升]——一句多譯
他忽然想起他把鑰匙忘在辦公室里了。
④It__occurred__to__him__that he had left his keys in the office.
⑤It__hit/struck__him__that he had left his keys in the office.

sth. occurs to sb.　　　 某事浮現(xiàn)在某人的腦海中；某人想到某事
It occurs to sb.that... 某人突然想起……
It occurs to sb.to do sth. 某人突然想起做某事?！?
[名師點(diǎn)津] (1)occur是不及物動(dòng)詞，所以不能帶賓語(yǔ)，也不能用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。
(2)occur的過(guò)去式和過(guò)去分詞形式要雙寫最后一個(gè)輔音字母r，即occurred。
(3)表達(dá)“某人突然想起……”的句型還有：
①sth. hits/strikes sb.
②It hits/strikes sb. that從句
③sb. comes up with sth.
strike　v．(雷電、暴風(fēng)雨等)襲擊；擊打；突然想到(想法)；打動(dòng)；(鐘)敲　n．罷工
[一詞多義]——寫出下列句中strike的詞性和含義
①She was practicing surfing when a shark struck. v．襲擊
②I heard the clock striking eight when I woke up this morning.v.(鐘)敲
③(2018·浙江卷11月)I was just about to pay the taxi driver when it struck me that I had left my wallet on the airplane. v．突然想到
④(福建卷)The workers will go on strike if the demands they put forward are turned down. n．罷工
[能力提升]——完成句子/句式升級(jí)
⑤(普通表達(dá))I was__struck/stricken__by(被打動(dòng)) his inspiring words, and I decided to make efforts to improve my English.
⑥(高級(jí)表達(dá))Struck/Stricken__by__his__inspiring__words,__I decided to make efforts to improve my English.(分詞作狀語(yǔ))

(1)sth. strikes sb.　　　　 某人突然想出……
It strikes sb. that/to do... 某人想到……
be struck by... 被……打動(dòng)；迷戀……
strike sb.in/on＋the＋身體部位
打某人某部位
(2)be on/go on strike 在/舉行罷工　
[佳句背誦] What struck me most was the enthusiasm of the local people.
給我印象最深的是當(dāng)?shù)厝说臒崆椤?br /> [詞塊助記](méi)
Strike while the iron is hot.　 趁熱打鐵。
strike a balance 兩者兼顧；達(dá)到平衡
strike a deal 達(dá)成協(xié)議
pick up　卷起；掀起；拾起；撿起；拿起；接收(信號(hào))；(偶然)學(xué)會(huì)；收拾；整理；(用車)接(人)；(健康、生意等)好轉(zhuǎn)；恢復(fù)；買到
[一詞多義]——寫出下列句中pick up的含義
①(2018·浙江卷6月)Uncle Paul, my dad’s friend, picked us up from the airport and drove us up to his farm in Pecos. (用車)接(人)
②(福建卷)She picked up Japanese when she was in Japan. Now she can speak it freely. (偶然)學(xué)會(huì)
③The equipment picked up the signal from the satellite.接收(信號(hào))
④My friend began to pick up after staying in hospital for several days.恢復(fù)；好轉(zhuǎn)
⑤The twin sisters were shopping for hours on Women’s Day and managed to pick up bags of bargains. 買到

pick out　　　　　　 選出；辨別出　
[佳句背誦] ①The problem of robocalls has gotten so bad that many people now refuse to pick up calls from numbers they don’t know.
自動(dòng)語(yǔ)音電話的問(wèn)題已經(jīng)變得非常嚴(yán)重，以至于許多人現(xiàn)在拒絕接聽(tīng)他們不知道的電話。(2019·北京卷)
②It was so dark in the cinema that I could hardly pick out my friend.
電影院是如此的黑以至于我沒(méi)有認(rèn)出我的朋友。(四川卷)
end up　以……結(jié)束，結(jié)果為……
[基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)]——單句語(yǔ)法填空
①(江西卷)Smell the flowers before you go to sleep, and you may just end up with sweet dreams.
②(天津卷)Joining the firm as a clerk, he got rapid promotion, and ended up as a manager.
③(2017·天津卷)Driverless cars may end up being(be) a form of public transport rather than vehicles you own.
[能力提升]——完成句子
④如果我們忽視我們的未來(lái)，我們就會(huì)以失敗告終。
If we neglect our future, we’ll end__up__in__failure．
⑤如果你想記住所有內(nèi)容，結(jié)果反而會(huì)什么也記不住。
If you want to remember everything, you will end__up__remembering__nothing．

end up with　　　　　　 以……結(jié)束
end up in 以……結(jié)束
end up as... 最終成為/變成……
end up＋adj./doing... 以…… (狀況) 而告終　
[佳句背誦] The Counter-Japanese War broke out in 1931, lasted fourteen years, and ended up with China’s victory.
抗日戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)在1931年爆發(fā)，持續(xù)了14年，并以中國(guó)的勝利而告終。
[名師點(diǎn)津]
end up in　　　　 后面接表示結(jié)果的名詞
end up with 后面接表示方式的名詞
end up as 后面接表示身份、職業(yè)的名詞

leave＋賓語(yǔ)＋賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)
(教材原句)They can destroy houses, but leave the furniture inside exactly where it was.
它們(龍卷風(fēng))能夠毀掉房子，卻把房?jī)?nèi)的家具留在原處。
[基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)]——單句語(yǔ)法填空
①a.(天津卷)Don’t leave the water running(run) while you brush your teeth.
b．(天津卷) He got up late and hurried to his office, leaving the breakfast untouched(touch).
c．He has grown up, so you’d better leave him to__solve(solve) the problem by himself.
②The flood last month was a real disaster, leaving 19 people dead and 78 missing(miss)．
[能力提升]——完成句子
③把東西放在能夠再次找到的地方，你們應(yīng)該把這一點(diǎn)作為一條準(zhǔn)則。
You should make it a rule to leave__things__where__you__can__find__them again.
④讓你的孩子順其自然，他們會(huì)健康地成長(zhǎng)。
Leave__your__kids__as__they__are and they will grow in a healthy way.

“l(fā)eave＋賓語(yǔ)＋賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)”為leave的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)， 此時(shí)leave作使役動(dòng)詞， 表示“使/讓……保持某種狀態(tài)”， 常跟復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)。構(gòu)成如下：
(1)leave＋賓語(yǔ)＋名詞/形容詞/副詞/介詞短語(yǔ)
(2)leave＋賓語(yǔ)＋分詞
(3)leave＋賓語(yǔ)＋不定式
(4)leave＋賓語(yǔ)＋where引導(dǎo)的地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句
(5)leave＋賓語(yǔ)＋as引導(dǎo)的方式狀語(yǔ)從句
[佳句背誦] His parents died in the Pakistan earthquake, leaving him an orphan.
他的父母在巴基斯坦地震中去世了，留下他成了一名孤兒。
[名師點(diǎn)津] 在leave的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)中，賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)為現(xiàn)在分詞時(shí)，通常表示主動(dòng)、進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作；賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)為過(guò)去分詞時(shí)，通常表示被動(dòng)、完成的動(dòng)作；賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)為不定式時(shí)，通常表示動(dòng)作尚未發(fā)生。

維度一　在空白處填入括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式
1．Fortunately(fortunate), there was someone at hand, so we asked him to deliver the message at once.
2．These days, breaking traffic rules and littering are not uncommon, causing(cause) serious harm to life and the environment.
3．They covered him with a blanket, only leaving his eyes exposed(expose)．
4．I thought I would be punished for the broken glasses but I ended up being__praised(praise) for my honesty.
5．After the earthquake I went there, I saw the whole town in ruins(ruin), and now everything has changed.
維度二　在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~
1．Hearing the news that they were safe and sound, I felt a great weight taken off my mind.
2．It’s easy to pick him out in a crowd because he is very tall.
3．A fire broke out in the building last night.Luckily, the firefighters arrived in time and put out the fire.
4．The teacher said there were twelve in all who had failed in the exam.
5．The man in black was about to set fire to the house when the police came.
維度三　派生詞練習(xí)
1．He is an experienced teacher and has twenty years’ teaching experience．(experience)
2．What happened without any previous warning that day terrified all the passengers aboard the train.It was really a terrifying scene, and many people are still terrified at the thought of taking a high-speed train.(terrify)
3．Many bad men struck their neighborhood violently．People were angry at their violent behaviour and resisted their violence bravely.(violent)
4．He looked sad when he looked sadly at the money that had brought him nothing but sadness．(sad)
5．He warned me not to leave without permission, but I didn’t accept his warning．(warn)
6．The terrible weather made it impossible for us to go on vacation and there is a possibility that the trip plan would be abandoned.(possible)
維度四　易錯(cuò)混用
1．In average, my son spends one hour doing his homework every night.In→On
2．Because they were to move to a new house, they bought a lot of furnitures.furnitures→furniture
3．(湖南卷)Not once did it occur Michael that he could one day become a top student in his class.在occur后加to
4．They found the remains of buildings burying under the sand, together with a lot of treasure.burying→buried
5．In a second-hand market you can often pick out a car in good condition with much less money than its usual price.out→up

提能一　語(yǔ)段填空(短文中黑體部分為本模塊核心知識(shí)點(diǎn)，請(qǐng)補(bǔ)全短文，并背誦體會(huì)黑體部分用法)
1．On average, all kinds of natural disasters take place across the world every year. Yesterday, a violent hurricane 2.struck(strike) my hometown, 3.causing(cause) great damage to people’s property. After it left, 3，000 houses were destroyed in all, which left many people 4.homeless(home). Some people 5.were__buried(bury) under the collapsed houses. Rescuers came to save them from the 6.ruins(ruin) of the houses after it occurred. 7.Fortunately(fortunate), the hurricane left and ended up 8.with zero casualty. People have accumulated a wealth of experience of disaster prevention and relief in recent years. All kinds of regular nationwide disaster drills are organized, so there is the 9.possibility(possible) that we can protect ourselves when 10.caught(catch) in natural disasters.
提能二　話題寫作(用本模塊詞匯、句式和語(yǔ)法知識(shí)寫滿分作文)
某地區(qū)去年被颶風(fēng)襲擊，造成巨大損失，請(qǐng)你按以下寫作要點(diǎn)寫一篇短文介紹：①受災(zāi)情況；②營(yíng)救措施。
1．補(bǔ)全要點(diǎn)句(黑體部分請(qǐng)用本模塊所學(xué)詞匯)
①去年，這個(gè)地區(qū)的人們經(jīng)歷了一場(chǎng)可怕的颶風(fēng)。
It was last year that the people living in the area experienced__a__terrifying__hurricane．
②這場(chǎng)猛烈的颶風(fēng)襲擊了這個(gè)地區(qū)，造成了巨大的經(jīng)濟(jì)和人力損失。
The__violent__hurricane__struck__the__area,__and caused great financial and human losses.
③許多房屋被毀，使得許多人無(wú)家可歸。
Plenty__of__houses__were__ruined/damaged,__which left__many__people__homeless．
④許多道路受損，而且整個(gè)城市大面積停電。
Many roads were__damaged,__and a large area of the city was in blackout.
⑤災(zāi)難一發(fā)生，當(dāng)?shù)卣筒扇∮行У拇胧I(yíng)救被埋在倒塌的屋子下面的人們。(過(guò)去完成時(shí))
The__disaster__had__no__sooner__occurred__than the local government took effective measures to rescue the people buried__under__the__fallen__houses．
⑥到昨晚為止，工人們已使電力恢復(fù)正常。(過(guò)去完成時(shí))
By the end of last night, workers had__got__the__electricity__back__to__normal．
2．升級(jí)平淡句
⑦用現(xiàn)在分詞作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)升級(jí)句②
The__violent__hurricane__struck__the__area,__causing__great__financial__and__human__losses.
⑧用倒裝句升級(jí)句⑤
No__sooner__had__the__disaster__occurred__than__the__local__government__took__effective__measures__to__rescue__the__people__buried__under__the__fallen__houses.
3．銜接成美文(注意用適當(dāng)?shù)倪^(guò)渡銜接詞匯：sadly, what’s worse, fortunately, thankfully)
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One possible version：
It was last year that the people living in the area experienced a terrifying hurricane. Sadly, the violent hurricane struck the area, causing great financial and human losses.
Plenty of houses were ruined/damaged, which left many people homeless. What’s worse, many roads were damaged, and a large area of the city was in blackout. Fortunately, no sooner had the disaster occurred than the local government took effective measures to rescue the people buried under the fallen houses. Thankfully, by the end of last night, workers had got the electricity back to normal.

(建議用時(shí)：35分鐘)
Ⅰ.閱讀理解
A
(2020· 新疆維吾爾自治區(qū)適應(yīng)性檢測(cè)) Super-storm Sandy slammed into the eastern United States a few years ago. The wind-driven water caused a lot of flooding, especially in the region’s subway system. Now two teens have invented a device that could help prevent future subway floods.
In New York City alone, Super-storm Sandy caused an estimated $19 billion in damage. Much of the flood-waters entered the subway system through its ventilation grates (通風(fēng)柵). Those metal grills usually lie at ground level. When the system is shut down ahead of a flood, engineers try to cover those grates with plywood (膠合板) and sandbags. But the flooding often washes away those measures, which allows water to flow into the tunnels. Raising those grates even a tiny bit above ground level would cost a lot of money. Other ideas have included building tall chimneys around the holes. That would raise the grates and cost a lot of money, too.
Kyle and Raymond came up with a different, less expensive idea. They designed a metal grate with a built-in, adjustable cover. When trains are running, one part of the grate slides open to bring in fresh air. But when the system is shut down, that part can be slid shut to completely block the grate.
Their grate is the same size as the grates used now. So, it would be simple, they say, to lift out the old grate and drop in a replacement. Their design includes tamper-proof features, which can prevent operation mistakes. They make sure that people don’t intentionally shut off airflow during normal conditions. For people with the proper key, it would only take a minute or two to close the grate ahead of a flood.
【解題導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】　本文主要講述了幾年前超級(jí)風(fēng)暴Sandy猛烈襲擊美國(guó)東部，造成了洪水災(zāi)害，當(dāng)?shù)氐牡罔F被洪水淹沒(méi)。為防止地鐵再次被洪水淹沒(méi)，兩位少年發(fā)明了一種裝置。
1．What’s the second paragraph mainly about?
A．The steps to operate grates.
B．The measures to prevent flood.
C．The function of plywood and sandbags.
D．The disadvantage of present subway system.
D　解析：段落大意題。根據(jù)第二段第一句可知，據(jù)估計(jì)超級(jí)風(fēng)暴Sandy僅在紐約市就造成了價(jià)值190億美元的損失。文章接下來(lái)分析了超級(jí)風(fēng)暴造成的洪水淹沒(méi)地鐵的原因：目前的地鐵系統(tǒng)存在很大的弊端。故選D。
2．Which of the following words best describes the two teens’ new invention?
A．Costly.　　　　　　　 B．Time-saving.
C．Practical. D．Conventional.
C　解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段第一、二句“Their grate is the same size as the grates used now. So, it would be simple, they say, to lift out the old grate and drop in a replacement.”可知，他們使用的柵欄和現(xiàn)在使用的柵欄大小一樣，所以，他們說(shuō)這會(huì)很容易就可以把舊的柵欄取出來(lái)，并放入一個(gè)替換柵欄；再結(jié)合最后一段最后一句可推知，新的柵欄操作起來(lái)也很方便。故選C。
3．What’s the purpose of designing the tamper-proof feature?
A．To replace the old grate correctly.
B．To close the grate ahead of a flood.
C．To ensure airflow in normal conditions.
D．To stop the train speeding up unexpectedly.
C　解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段第三、四句可知，設(shè)計(jì)干預(yù)防護(hù)的特點(diǎn)可以阻止操作失誤，有了干預(yù)防護(hù)，他們確保人們不會(huì)有意地在正常情況下關(guān)掉空氣流通的功能，故選C。
4．Where does the text most probably come from?
A．A news report.
B．An adventurous story.
C．An introduction to new equipment.
D．A guidebook to making grates.
A　解析：文章出處題。通讀全文可知，本文主要講述了兩位少年發(fā)明了一種成本較低、實(shí)用的地鐵防洪裝置以及該裝置的特點(diǎn)和優(yōu)勢(shì)，應(yīng)該屬于新聞報(bào)道類文章，故選A。
B
(2020·山西六校測(cè)試)World Environment Day is celebrated annually on June 5th and was created to inspire people around the globe to take an active part in environmental protection and learn more about ways we can help to guarantee the future of our planet is safe.
The very first World Environment Day took place in 1974, established by the United Nations General Assembly on the first day of the Stockholm Conference on the Human Environment that took place in 1972.Each year the United Nations picks a theme and a host city where anyone who is concerned about the environment can talk about environmental topics with others, followed by different kinds of exhibits to promote environmental awareness. Environmentalists, academics and scientists come together to bring new ideas on the table concerning the environment.
The 2018 World Environment Day was hosted by India, and the theme was Beat Plastic Pollution. It urged people to explore and choose supportable alternatives like paper or cloth bags to reduce the production and use of disposable plastic, which made up 10% of all of the waste. Even though the United Nations picks a specific host city every year, people around the world still celebrate World Environment Day in their hometowns with parades(游行), concerts, cleaning up and tree planting and all kinds of green actions to work towards having a beautiful planet and battling pollution.
World Environment Day is not a public holiday, so you won’t be getting the day off work or school, but if you want to celebrate, why not bring it to the attention of your parents, friends, colleagues or classmates? World Environment Day is all about working together to take action for the planet, so try to get everyone you know interested in helping do something. Things as small as making sure people have a way to recycle can make a difference. You could also try beautifying your neighborhood by planting gardens, learn about green foods, raise money for a local wildlife conservation group or simply learn about the effects of different products on the earth.
【解題導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】　本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了世界環(huán)境日的由來(lái)和情況，呼吁全員行動(dòng)起來(lái)幫助保護(hù)地球。
5．Why is World Environment Day set up?
A．To make people know more about nature.
B．To ask people to help to protect the globe.
C．To warn people of the danger of air pollution.
D．To encourage people to plan the earth’s future.
B　解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“to inspire people around the globe to take an active part in environmental protection and learn more about ways we can help to guarantee the future of our planet is safe”可知，世界環(huán)境日的目的是鼓勵(lì)世界各地的人們積極參與環(huán)境保護(hù)并學(xué)會(huì)更多方法來(lái)幫助確保我們的地球?qū)?lái)是安全的，故選B。
6．What do people do on World Environment Day?
A．Decide a host city.
B．Hold a theme party.
C．Discuss environmental ideas.
D．Show some plastic products.
C　解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“where anyone who is concerned about the environment can talk about environmental topics with others”以及“Environmentalists, academics and scientists come together to bring new ideas on the table concerning the environment.”可知，人們主要是在這一天討論環(huán)境問(wèn)題，故選C。
7．Which of the following words is closest in meaning to the underlined word “disposable” in Paragraph 3?
A．High-cost. B．Poor-quality.
C．Second-hand. D．Single-use.
D　解析：詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Beat Plastic Pollution”可知，2018年的主題是“塑戰(zhàn)速?zèng)Q”，再結(jié)合畫線詞前面的“It urged people to explore and choose supportable alternatives like paper or cloth bags”和后面的“which made up 10% of all of the waste”可知，“disposable plastic”造成大量資源浪費(fèi)，所以“一次性的”符合語(yǔ)境，故選D。
8．What’s the main idea of the last paragraph?
A．Every bit of effort counts.
B．Doing is better than saying.
C．Many hands make light work.
D．Nothing is impossible to a willing heart.
A　解析：段落大意題。根據(jù)最后一段的內(nèi)容可知，世界環(huán)境日不是一個(gè)公共節(jié)日，所以人們不放假。但如果你想慶祝的話，為何不讓你周圍的人關(guān)注它。所以最后一段主要是講每個(gè)人都可以從身邊小事做起，行動(dòng)起來(lái)保護(hù)地球，每個(gè)人的微小努力都很重要(Every bit of effort counts.)，故選A。Doing is better than saying.“行勝于言?！?；Many hands make light work.“眾人拾柴火焰高?！?；Nothing is impossible to a willing heart.“有志者事竟成?！?br /> Ⅱ.完形填空
(2020·河北九校聯(lián)考)As a young girl I dreamed of being a dancer, so my parents let me attend dance classes when I was in first grade. But I __1__ knew the years to follow would teach me so many life lessons: hard work, leadership, passion(激情)．..
I was a part of dance teams where I learned to dance in __2__ styles such as jazz, tap dance, ballet and so on. Due to my talent and hard work, I quickly __3__ in the teams. However, these classes became too __4__ for my parents when I was 13, leading me not to take conventional dance classes for the next four years. I knew we were not __5__ then, so I had no complaint.
__6__ I was not taking dance classes, I used what I learned in __7__ classes to keep my flexibility and develop my dancing skills. Throughout this time my __8__ for dancing helped me learn how to be a(n) __9__ as I coached myself, taught my sisters and __10__ my own shows for my family. With the time and hard work in the four years when I __11__ to take dance classes, I was able to be __12__ to my high school dance team.
Over the next three years in the team I __13__ myself to be the best dancer. I managed to involve myself in every dance __14__； I also struggled with many __15__. During the first year on the team both of my ankles hurt several times, and it took me months of __16__. However, my second competition season __17__ patellar tendinitis(肌腱炎) in my knees, which __18__ disturbs me constantly till today. Even so, I was able to become a co-captain of the team and lead them to __19__ the first national championship title in the __20__ of the team!
【解題導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】　本文是一篇記敘文。作者講述了她學(xué)習(xí)舞蹈的經(jīng)歷，字里行間透露的是作者的毅力和決心。
1．A.really　　　　　　　　 B．merely
C．suddenly D．barely
D　解析：根據(jù)But的轉(zhuǎn)折和后面的內(nèi)容“the years to follow would teach me so many life lessons: hard work, leadership, passion(激情)．..”可知，此處應(yīng)用一個(gè)表示否定意義的副詞，表示作者不知道接下來(lái)幾年的舞蹈學(xué)習(xí)會(huì)教她這么多人生課程。barely“幾乎不，幾乎沒(méi)有”，符合語(yǔ)境。
2．A.various B．latest
C．unique D．classical
A　解析：根據(jù)下文的“such as jazz, tap dance, ballet and so on”可知，作者學(xué)跳各種(various)風(fēng)格的舞蹈。latest“最新的”；unique“獨(dú)特的”；classical“古典的”。
3．A.worked out B．took out
C．came out D．stood out
D　解析：根據(jù)上文的“Due to my talent and hard work”可知，由于作者既有天分又勤奮，她很快在舞蹈隊(duì)里脫穎而出。work out “鍛煉身體，計(jì)算出”； take out “拿出，提取”； come out “出版，被獲知，盛開(kāi)”； stand out “出色，顯眼”。
4．A.deadly B．strange
C．costly D．valuable
C　解析：根據(jù)下文的“l(fā)eading me not to take conventional dance classes for the next four years”可知，此處表示因?yàn)槲璧刚n的費(fèi)用非常高，父母無(wú)力支付，因此作者停止了舞蹈學(xué)習(xí)。costly是形容詞，表示“昂貴的”。
5．A.happy B．content
C．comfortable D．secure
C　解析：根據(jù)上文作者父母無(wú)力支付作者舞蹈學(xué)習(xí)費(fèi)用的內(nèi)容和下文的“so I had no complaint”可知，此處表示作者知道家里并不寬裕，因此她并不抱怨父母。happy“幸福的”；content“滿足的”；comfortable“寬裕的，富裕的”；secure“安全的，牢靠的”。
6．A.Now that B．Even if
C．As though D．Just when
B　解析：根據(jù)主句“I used what I learned...develop my dancing skills”可以推斷出，該空所在的從句是讓步狀語(yǔ)從句，故用Even if“盡管”。
7．A.new B．primary
C．previous D．final
C　解析：根據(jù)上文可知，作者這幾年沒(méi)有上正規(guī)的舞蹈課，由此推斷她用以前學(xué)到的舞蹈知識(shí)來(lái)進(jìn)行練習(xí)。primary“主要的，基本的”；previous“先前的”；final“最終的”。
8．A.energy B．a(chǎn)dmiration
C．a(chǎn)ppreciation D．enthusiasm
D　解析：根據(jù)上文可知，在不能上舞蹈課的情況下，作者還在堅(jiān)持跳舞，由此可以推斷出她對(duì)舞蹈飽含熱情。energy “精力”；admiration “欽佩，羨慕”；appreciation “感激”；enthusiasm “熱情”。
9．A.instructor B．performer
C．partner D．contributor
A　解析：根據(jù)下文的“coached myself, taught my sisters”可知，對(duì)跳舞的熱情幫助作者學(xué)習(xí)如何做一個(gè)教練。instructor “教練，導(dǎo)師”；performer “表演者”；partner “伙伴，同伴”；contributor “投稿人，捐獻(xiàn)者”。
10．A.spoke about B．backed up
C．made up D．put on
D　解析：根據(jù)空后的“my own shows for my family”可知，作者為家人表演節(jié)目。put on“上演”。
11．A.attempted B．failed
C．chose D．intended
B　解析：根據(jù)第二段的最后兩句可知，作者四年間沒(méi)有上正規(guī)的舞蹈課，再聯(lián)系本句中的“in the four years”可知，fail to do sth.“未做某事”符合語(yǔ)境。attempt“嘗試”；choose“選擇”；intend“打算，計(jì)劃”。
12．A.admitted B．a(chǎn)ddicted
C．a(chǎn)dapted D．a(chǎn)pplied
A　解析：根據(jù)下一段內(nèi)容可知，作者成為校舞蹈隊(duì)的成員，因此這里指作者被校舞蹈隊(duì)錄取。be admitted to“被……錄取”。
13．A.considered B．pushed
C．warned D．expected
B　解析：根據(jù)下文的“I managed” “I also struggled” “I was able to become a co-captain of the team and lead them to...”可知，此處表示在校舞蹈隊(duì)期間，作者督促自己做該隊(duì)中最優(yōu)秀的隊(duì)員。push sb. to be/do...表示“督促某人成為……/做……”。consider“認(rèn)為”；warn“告誡”；expect“期望”。
14．A.examination B．campaign
C．a(chǎn)ctivity D．trial
C　解析：根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，作者努力參與每一項(xiàng)校舞蹈隊(duì)的舞蹈活動(dòng)(activity)。
15．A.injuries B．goals
C．disagreements D．desires
A　解析：根據(jù)下文的腳踝受傷、肌腱炎可知，在跳舞過(guò)程中作者曾多次受傷(injuries)。goal “目標(biāo)”；disagreement “分歧”；desire “欲望”。
16．A.recovery B．practice
C．suffering D．learning
A　解析：根據(jù)上文的“both of my ankles hurt several times, and it took me months of ______”可推斷出，此處指作者腳踝受傷之后花費(fèi)數(shù)月恢復(fù)，故選recovery “恢復(fù)，康復(fù)”。practice “訓(xùn)練”；suffering “痛苦”；learning “學(xué)習(xí)”。
17．A.cured B．caused
C．defeated D．fought
B　解析：根據(jù)上下文可知，第二個(gè)舞蹈賽季導(dǎo)致(caused)作者患肌腱炎。
18．A.just B．a(chǎn)lso
C．yet D．still
D　解析：根據(jù)空后的“disturbs me constantly till today”可知，此處應(yīng)表示這直至今天還困擾著作者，故用still。
19．A.approach B．understand
C．win D．keep
C　解析：即便有這么多傷痛，作者還是成功帶領(lǐng)校舞蹈隊(duì)贏得了校舞蹈隊(duì)歷史上第一個(gè)全國(guó)冠軍頭銜。根據(jù)句中的“national championship title”可知，此處用win。win the...title表示“獲得……冠軍頭銜”。
20．A.organization B．history
C．charge D．imagination
B　解析：參見(jiàn)上題解析。