02 \l "_Tc18151" 知識導圖·思維引航4
\l "_Tc25540" 03核心精講·題型突破5
\l "_Tc20799" 考點一 攻堅克難——突破研究報告類高頻詞匯5
【 \l "_Tc19212" 真題研析】5
【 \l "_Tc11164" 核心精講】6
\l "_Tc8693" 閱讀理解中研究報告類高頻詞匯（全部來自于高考研究報告文章的統(tǒng)計）6
【 \l "_Tc28075" 命題預測】8
\l "_Tc29041" 考點二 攻堅克難——熟記閱讀理解中醫(yī)學、科普類高頻詞匯9
【 \l "_Tc30789" 真題研析】9
【核心精講】 \l "_Tc285" 10
\l "_Tc30219" 閱讀理解中醫(yī)學、科普類高頻詞匯10
\l "_Tc30219" 【命題預測】12
\l "_Tc29325" 考點三 攻堅克難——熟記閱讀理解中社會生活、心理學類高頻詞匯 PAGEREF _Tc29325 \h 14
【 \l "_Tc30789" 真題研析】14
【核心精講】 \l "_Tc285" PAGEREF _Tc285 \h 16
閱讀理解中社會生活、心理學類高頻詞匯 \l "_Tc285" PAGEREF _Tc285 \h 16
\l "_Tc30219" 【命題預測】 PAGEREF _Tc30219 \h 17
\l "_Tc29325" 考點四 融會貫通——通曉閱讀記敘文中描寫人物及作者態(tài)度相關的高頻詞匯 PAGEREF _Tc29325 \h 18
【 \l "_Tc30789" 真題研析】 PAGEREF _Tc30789 \h 18
【核心精講】 \l "_Tc285" PAGEREF _Tc285 \h 19
閱讀理解記敘文中描寫人物及作者態(tài)度的相關的高頻詞匯 \l "_Tc285" PAGEREF _Tc285 \h 19
\l "_Tc30219" 【命題預測】23
\l "_Tc29325" 考點五 心領神會——熟記常用同義替換詞匯或短語通曉命題規(guī)律 PAGEREF _Tc29325 \h 25
【 \l "_Tc30789" 真題研析】25
【核心精講】 \l "_Tc285" 26
熟記常用同義替換詞匯或短語 \l "_Tc285" 26
\l "_Tc30219" 【命題預測】34
\l "_Tc29325" 考點六 運籌帷幄——熟記常用有關文章出處的詞匯35
閱讀理解詞匯
考點一 攻堅克難——突破研究報告類高頻詞匯
1．(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷)
翻譯背誦劃線的單詞
In the race t dcument the species n Earth befre they g extinct, researchers and citizen scientists have cllected billins f recrds. Tday, mst recrds f bidiversity are ften in the frm f phts, vides, and ther digital recrds. Thugh they are useful fr detecting shifts in the number and variety f species in an area, a new Stanfrd study has fund that this type f recrd is nt perfect.
“With the rise f technlgy it is easy fr peple t make bservatins f different species with the aid f a mbile applicatin,” said Barnabas Daru, wh is lead authr f the study and assistant prfessr f bilgy in the Stanfrd Schl f Humanities and Sciences. “These bservatins nw utnumber the primary data that cmes frm physical specimens (標本), and since we are increasingly using bservatinal data t investigate hw species are respnding t glbal change, I wanted t knw: Are they usable?”
【難詞背誦】
dcument n. 文件；文檔 v. 記錄；用文件證明 extinct adj. 滅絕的；廢除了的
bidiversity n. 生物多類狀態(tài)，生物多樣性 detect v. 發(fā)現(xiàn)；查明；測
technlgy n. 科技；技術性機器 bservatin n. 觀察；監(jiān)視；評論
applicatin n. 申請；請求；申請書；運用；生效；應用軟件；勤奮；努力；涂抹；施用
authr n. 作者；作家；發(fā)起人 assistant adj. 助理的；副的 n. 助手；副手；助教
utnumber vt. 數(shù)量多于；比…多 specimen n. 樣品；范例；（化驗的）抽樣；標本
increasingly adv. 不斷增加地；越來越多地 bservatinal adj. 觀察的，觀測的
investigate v. 調(diào)查；研究
2．(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷)
On March 7, 1907, the English statistician Francis Galtn published a paper which illustrated what has cme t be knwn as the “wisdm f crwds” effect. The experiment f estimatin he cnducted shwed that in sme cases, the average f a large number f independent estimates culd be quite accurate.
This effect capitalizes n the fact that when peple make errrs, thse errrs aren’t always the same. Sme peple will tend t verestimate, and sme t underestimate. When enugh f these errrs are averaged tgether, they cancel each ther ut, resulting in a mre accurate estimate. If peple are similar and tend t make the same errrs, then their errrs wn’t cancel each ther ut. In mre technical terms, the wisdm f crwds requires that peple’s estimates be independent. If fr whatever reasns, peple’s errrs becme crrelated r dependent, the accuracy f the estimate will g dwn.
【難詞背誦】
statistician n. 統(tǒng)計學家，統(tǒng)計員 illustrate v. （用示例/圖畫等）說明；插圖于…
experiment n. 實驗；試用 v. 做實驗；嘗試 estimatin n. 評價，判斷；估算
cnduct v. 進行，組織，實施；指揮；傳導 independent adj. 獨立的；公正的；無關聯(lián)的；自立的
accurate adj. 正確的，精確的；精準的 capitalize vt. 估計…的價值；把…定為首都 vi. 利用 verestimate vt. 對…作過高的評價；對…估計過高 n. 過高的估計；過分的評價 vi. 估計過高；評價過高
underestimate vt. 低估；對…估計不足； n. 低估；估計不足；過低評價，過低估價；輕視
average adj. 平均的；正常的，一般的 n. 平均數(shù)；平均水平 v. 平均為；算出…的平均數(shù)
cancel v. 取消，終止；廢除，注銷 crrelated adj. 有相互關系的
accuracy n. 精確（性），準確（性）；準確無誤
英語閱讀理解試題中的研究報告類文章總是出現(xiàn)在D篇或C篇，根據(jù)近幾年的高考閱讀理解文章看，它是整個卷中最難的部分，難的原因：1.長難詞較多；2.詞形轉換的詞比較多；3.涉及一詞多義或熟詞生義；4.缺乏背景知識，對整體文章理解不到位。所以，二輪復習的一個重要任務就是突破難點，提高閱讀能力。二輪復習總結、熟記研究報告高頻詞匯就是一個有效的方法，力爭高考前把較難的詞匯爛熟于心，為高考考場做好充分準備，這就是有的放矢地備考。
閱讀理解中研究報告類高頻詞匯（全部來自于高考研究報告文章的統(tǒng)計）
dcument n. 文件；文檔 v. 記錄 extinct adj. 滅絕的；廢除了的 bidiversity n. 生物多樣性
detect v. 發(fā)現(xiàn)；查明；測 technlgy n. 科技；技術性機器 bservatin n. 觀察；監(jiān)視；評論 applicatin n. 申請；請求；申請書；運用；生效；應用軟件；勤奮；努力；涂抹；施用
authr n. 作者；作家；發(fā)起人 assistant adj. （用于頭銜前）助理的；副的 n. 助手；副手
utnumber vt. 數(shù)量多于；比…多 specimen n. 樣品；抽樣；標本 increasingly adv. 不斷增加地 bservatinal adj. 觀察的，觀測的 investigate v. 調(diào)查；研究statistician n. 統(tǒng)計學家，統(tǒng)計員 illustrate v. 說明；插圖于… experiment n. 實驗 v. 做實驗 estimatin n. 評價，判斷；估算 cnduct v. 進行，組織，實施；指揮；傳導（熱或電） independent adj. 獨立的；無關聯(lián)的
accurate adj. 精確的；精準的 capitalize vt. 估計…的價值；把…定為首都 vi. 利用
verestimate vt. 對…作過高的評價 underestimate vt. 對…估計不足average adj. 平均的；n. 平均數(shù)；平均水平 v. 平均為；算出…的平均數(shù)
cancel v. 取消，終止；廢除，注銷 crrelated adj. 有相互關系的 accuracy n. 精確（性），準確（性）
twist vt. 搓，捻；連結，交結 vi. 扭動；旋轉，轉動 n. 絲線phenmenn n. 現(xiàn)象；杰出的人individual adj. 單獨的；個人的；獨特的 n. 個人；某種類型的人 significantly adv. 有重大意義地dminant adj. 占支配地位的；（基因）顯性的respnse n. 答復；反應
ptential adj. 潛在的 n. 可能性 implicatin n. 含義；可能的影響reveal v. 揭示；展示
encunter v. 遭遇；偶遇 n. 偶遇eye-catching adj. 引人注目的feature n. 特征 v. 以…為特征imperfect adj. 有缺點的，不完美的datasets n. 數(shù)據(jù)集；資料組versampled 過度采樣的
identificatin n. 識別；密切關聯(lián)riginally adv. 起初，原來psychlgist n. 心理學家
tempt vt. 引誘，慫恿；吸引device n. 裝置，器具；策略preschler n. 學齡前兒童
mechanism n. [生]機制，機能，[樂]機理；（機械）結構，機械裝置[作用]，（故事的）結構；機械作用
dramatically adv. 戲劇地；顯著地mismatch n. 錯配，失諧prize n. 獎品v. 重視；撬動；竭力打探cnnectivity n. 連通性thughtful adj.縝密思考過的cnsumptin n. 消費，消耗量temptatin n. 誘惑，引誘；誘惑物effectively adv. 有效地balln n. （熱）氣球 v. 膨脹，激增relatively adv. 關系上地；相對地survey n. 調(diào)查 v.審察，測量submit v. 順從；提交；主張；建議meaningful adj.有意義的interactin n. 互相影響；互動participant n. 參加者，參與者；關系者categry n. 種類；類別submissin n.服從；提交recgnize vt.認出；承認 vi. 確認distinguish v. 區(qū)分；辨別出randm adj. 隨機的；任意的explanatin n. 解釋；理由；闡述abnrmal adj. 反常的，不正常的abstract adj. 抽象的v. 寫摘要academic adj. 學業(yè)的，學術的accelerate v. (使)加快，(使)加速accumulate v. 積累，積聚acquisitin n.獲得，得到；獲得物allergic adj. 過敏的alternative adj. 可供替代的 ambiguus adj. 模棱兩可的；不明確的 apprpriately adv. 恰當?shù)?，合適地apprximately adv. 近似；大約budget n.預算v.謹慎花錢adj.花錢少的calculate vt.計算，預測；估計challenging adj. 具有挑戰(zhàn)性的characteristic n.特征；特色adj.典型的circumstance n. 條件；環(huán)境；狀況cincidence n. 巧合，巧事cmpensate v. 彌補，補償；賠償cmpnent n.成分；組成部分cntrversial adj.有爭議的deliberately adv. 故意地，蓄意地discriminatin n. 歧視；辨別力eliminate vt. 清除；淘汰envirnmentally-related 與環(huán)境有關的fragment n. 碎片；片段influential adj. 有很大影響的ingredient n. 成分，食材；要素，因素integrate v. (使)合并，(使)結合maximum adj.最多的，最大極限的 n. 最大量，最大限度(反：minimum) verppulated adj. 人口過多的perceive v.理解；注意到permanent adj.長久的，永恒的ppularizatin n.通俗化，普及stimulate v. 刺激；激發(fā)；促進transfrmatin n. 轉變，改觀
（2025·浙江省湖州、麗水、衢州三地市一模）（節(jié)選）In a study published in Persnality and Scial Psychlgy Bulletin, researchers fund that peple tend t turn dwn ffers f “free mney,” as well as unusually high salaries r suspiciusly cheap services, because they seem “t gd t be true.”
In the initial experiment, nearly 40 percent f participants ate a ckie ffered freely – cmpared with abut 20 percent f thse ffered $5 as well. Nine further experiments, invlving mre than 4,000 participants, used nline questinnaires t present ther scenaris. These included being ffered mney t accept a ride hme, extremely high cnstructin-jb wages and surprisingly cheap flights. In each case, past a certain pint, higher ptential mnetary gain reduced participants’ likelihd f accepting the ffer.
The study lead authr Vnasch says it illustrates that cntrary t the “standard ecnmic mdel,” which suppses humans always seek t maximize gains, transactins need t als be understd as scial interactins between peple trying t understand each ther’s minds. If smene seems t break accepted rules, such as self-interest, withut any explanatin, we assume they have hidden mtives and infer there will be “phantm csts” – imagined cnsequences that reduce what Vnasch calls an ffer’s “psychlgical value.”
12．Accrding t paragraph 2, the experiments mainly fcus n peple’s .
A．Thinking methd.B．Decisin making.
C．Financial cnditin.D．Ptential ability.
13．Why des the authr mentin “standard ecnmic mdel”?
A．T explain the experiments further.B．T clarify a psychlgical cncept.
C．T prvide evidence fr the study.D．T express dubt n the experiments.
【答案】12．B 13．A
【解析】
12．推理判斷題。由文章第二段“In the initial experiment, nearly 40 percent f participants ate a ckie ffered freely – cmpared with abut 20 percent f thse ffered $5 as well. Nine further experiments, invlving mre than 4,000 participants, used nline questinnaires t present ther scenaris. These included being ffered mney t accept a ride hme, extremely high cnstructin-jb wages and surprisingly cheap flights. In each case, past a certain pint, higher ptential mnetary gain reduced participants’ likelihd f accepting the ffer. (在最初的實驗中，近40%的參與者吃了免費提供的餅干，相比之下，提供5美元的參與者中約有20%吃了餅干。另外九項實驗，涉及4000多名參與者，使用在線問卷來呈現(xiàn)其他場景。這些條件包括給錢讓他們搭車回家，極高的建筑工作工資，以及便宜得驚人的機票。在每種情況下，超過某一點，更高的潛在金錢收益降低了參與者接受提議的可能性。)”可知，實驗主要關注人們的決策過程，即“決策制定”。故選B。
13．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“The study lead authr Vnasch says it illustrates that cntrary t the “standard ecnmic mdel,” which suppses humans always seek t maximize gains, transactins need t als be understd as scial interactins between peple trying t understand each ther’s minds. If smene seems t break accepted rules, such as self-interest, withut any explanatin, we assume they have hidden mtives and infer there will be “phantm csts” – imagined cnsequences that reduce what Vnasch calls an ffer’s “psychlgical value.” (該研究的主要作者Vnasch說，這表明，與“標準經(jīng)濟模型”相反，交易也需要被理解為人們試圖了解彼此思想的社會互動?！皹藴式?jīng)濟模型”假設人類總是尋求利益最大化。如果有人似乎違反了公認的規(guī)則，比如自利，而沒有任何解釋，我們就會假設他們有隱藏的動機，并推斷會有“幻影成本”——想象的后果會降低Vnasch所說的報價的“心理價值”。)”可知，作者在第三段中提到“standard ecnmic mdel”是為了進一步解釋實驗，幫助讀者理解人們的決策過程。故選A。
【難詞背誦】
unusually adv. 非常；異乎尋常地；顯著地；出奇suspiciusly adv.懷疑地；疑心很深地
participant n. 參加者，參與者questinnaires n. 調(diào)查表，問卷
scenaris n. [意]情節(jié)；劇本；事態(tài)；腳本surprisingly adv. 驚人地，出人意外地
mnetary adj. 貨幣的，金錢的；錢的；金融的likelihd n. 可能，可能性
maximize vt. 最大化；極為重視； vi. 達到最大值transactin n. 交易，業(yè)務，事務；辦理，處理
interactin n.合作；互相影響；互動；交流，溝通assume v. 假設，認為
cnsequence n. 結果；重要性psychlgical value心理價值
考點二 攻堅克難——熟記閱讀理解中醫(yī)學、科普類高頻詞匯
1.（2024·北京卷）
翻譯背誦劃線的單詞
S, if we accept that the universe is unknwable, we als accept we will never knw if we live in a cmputer simulatin. And then, we can shift ur inquiry frm “Is the universe a cmputer simulatin? ” t “Can we mdel the universe as a cmputer simulatin? ” Mdelling reality is what we d. T facilitate ur cmprehensin f the wrld, we build mdels based n cnceptual metaphrs (隱喻) that are familiar t us. In Newtn’s era, we imagined the universe as a clck. In Einstein’s, we uncvered the standard mdel f particle (粒子) physics.
Nw that we are in the infrmatin age, we have new cncepts such as the cmputer, infrmatin prcessing, virtual reality, and simulatin. Unsurprisingly, these new cncepts inspire us t build new mdels f the universe. Mdels are nt the reality, hwever. There is n pint in arguing if the universe is a clck, a set f particles r an utput f cmputatin. All these mdels are tls t deal with the unknwn and t make discveries. And the mre tls we have, the mre effective and insightful we can becme.
【難詞背誦】
unknwable adj. 不能知道的，不可知的 simulatin n. 模仿，模擬；[生]，擬色；假裝；裝病inquiry n.調(diào)查，審查；詢問，質(zhì)問，追究；探究facilitate v. 促進；使便利
cmprehensin n. 理解力；充分了解；理解測試cnceptual adj. 觀念的，概念的
metaphr n. 隱喻，暗喻；象征standard n. 標準adj. 標準的；合格的；一般的infrmatin n. 消息；數(shù)據(jù)；問訊處virtual reality虛擬現(xiàn)實
unsurprisingly adv. 不出所料地；不出奇地；意料中地cmputatin n. 計算
effective adj. 有效的；實際的；起作用的insightful adj. 富有洞察力的，有深刻見解的
2.（2022·全國II卷）As we age, even if we’re healthy, the heart just isn’t as efficient in prcessing xygen as it used t be. In mst peple the first signs shw up in their 50s r early 60s. And amng peple wh dn’t exercise, the changes can start even sner.
“Think f a rubber band. In the beginning, it is flexible, but put it in a drawer fr 20 years and it will becme dry and easily brken,” says Dr. Ben Levine, a heart specialist at the University f Texas. That’s what happens t the heart. Frtunately fr thse in midlife, Levine is finding that even if yu haven’t been an enthusiastic exerciser, getting in shape nw may help imprve yur aging heart.
Levine and his research team selected vlunteers aged between 45 and 64 wh did nt exercise much but were therwise healthy. Participants were randmly divided int tw grups. The first grup participated in a prgram f nnaerbic (無氧) exercise—balance training and weight training—three times a week. The secnd grup did high-intensity aerbic exercise under the guidance f a trainer fr fur r mre days a week. After tw years, the secnd grup saw remarkable imprvements in heart health.
【難詞背誦】
healthy adj. 健康的；健全的；大量的；有益于健康的efficient adj. 效率高的；有能力的
xygen n. 氧（氣）flexible adj. 柔韌的；靈活的；易彎曲的
specialist n. 專家；專科醫(yī)生frtunately adv. 幸好；幸運的是
midlife n. 中年enthusiastic adj. 非常感興趣的，熱心的vlunteer n.志愿者v. 主動提供（建議信息)
participant n. 參加者，參與者high-intensity高強度，強烈
guidance n. 指導；導航remarkable adj. 異常的；卓越的；顯著的；非凡的
閱讀理解中醫(yī)學、科普類高頻詞匯
1.醫(yī)學類
alleviate vt. 減輕,使...緩和absent-minded adj.心不在焉的，恍惚的bacteria n.(復數(shù))細菌
bandage n.繃帶chrnic adj.長期的,慢性的,慣常的capsule n.膠囊vt.裝入膠囊disable v.使...失去能力disrder n.雜亂,混亂 vt.擾亂discmfrt n.不適vt.使不適diagnse v.診斷 vi. 判斷,診斷dizzy adj，暈眩的vt.使困惑，使暈眩transplant vt.移植(器官)
prescribe vi.開藥方 vt.規(guī)定,開處方vitamin n.維生素prtein adj.蛋白質(zhì)的n.蛋白質(zhì)xygen n.氧氧氣sthe v.緩和，使..安靜，安慰resistant adj.抵抗的n.抵抗者immune adj.免除的,免疫的n.免疫者syndrme n.綜合征;典型表現(xiàn)，典型行為handicap n.障礙 vt.加障礙物surgen n.外科醫(yī)生physician n.內(nèi)科醫(yī)生pregnancy n.懷孕
remedy n.治療法,補救 vt.治療stress n.壓力v.強調(diào)vt. 強調(diào)strke n.中風;打擊;vt.撫摸pill n.藥丸 vt.服用藥丸 tablet n.藥片，片狀物scar n.疤痕vt.&vi.使...有傷
qualify vt.取得資格vi.取得資格 undertake vt.從事,承擔；負責 cardivascular adj. 心血管的
2.科普類
assign v.分配,指派 賦值digital adj.數(shù)字的,電子的dimensin n.容積n.范圍;方面electrical adj.電的,電氣科學的electrnic adj.電子的;電子操縱的ptical adj視覺的,光學的universal adj.通用的,宇宙的n.通用slar adj.太陽的,太陽能的slid adj.固體的n.固體,實心mechanical adj.機械的,呆板的precise adj.精確的,準確的,認真的lgical adj符合邏輯的psychlgical adj.心理(學)的phenmenn n.現(xiàn)象，非凡的人或事物element 成分,元素,基本原理bilgy n.生物學evlutin n.進化，發(fā)展，進展mathematics n.數(shù)學
frmula n.公式;adj.方程式的statistic n.統(tǒng)計數(shù)值carbn n.碳,燈芯,復寫紙measurement n.測量,衡量,尺寸,大小 intelligence n.理解力，智力，情報graph n.圖表v.用圖表表示navigatin n.航行，航海，導航infinite adj.無限的,無窮的n.無限visual adj.視覺的n.可視化mnitr v. 監(jiān)控 n. 監(jiān)測儀器emissin n. 發(fā)出；排放（物）pesticide n. 殺蟲劑，農(nóng)藥sustainability n.持續(xù)性，永續(xù)性chemicals n. 化學藥品transfrm v. 使改變形態(tài)radmap n. 路標frthcming adj. 即將到來的revlutin n. 革命；變革cmplicated adj.復雜的；難處理的understandable adj. 能懂的，可理解的accessible可進入/使用的infrmative adj. 提供信息的Artificial General Intelligence通用人工智能
sidelined v. 使退出比賽( sideline的過去式和過去分詞 )；使下場（尤指由于受傷）；把…排除在核心之外；essential adj. 基本的；根本的 n. 必需品；基本知識tipping pint n. 卸載點；引爆點、臨界點、量變到質(zhì)變的分界點
structured thinking結構化思維abandned adj.廢棄的
envirnmentally friendly環(huán)保的sustainable adj.可持續(xù)的dispse f丟棄
circumstance n．條件，環(huán)境
（2024·遼寧省縣級重點高中協(xié)作體期中）D
An estimated 5.4 millin peple in the United States suffer frm Alzheimer’s disease, a number that is expected t grw as the Baby Bmers age. Even mre suffer frm ther frms f dementia (癡呆). T keep such patients’ minds engaged and give their caregivers at hme a break, dctrs ften refer them t day centers, where they can exercise, take part in activities, and receive prfessinal guidance r medicatin.
Recently, the Gerge G. Glenner Alzheimer’s Family Centers, a San Dieg nnprfit that perates several such facilities, has begun t create a very different srt f daytime space fr its patients: a fake twn f 24 buildings, arranged arund a central green and designed t evke the era when mst f tday’s dementia patients were yung adults. The hpe is that visual reminders f their yuth will spark memries and cnversatin.
Glenner Twn Square will be the first facility f its kind in the United States, accrding t Daniel Sewell, a prfessr f clinical psychiatry at UC San Dieg and an unpaid medical adviser n Glenner’s bard. While the prject is nvel, the apprach it reflects—knwn as reminiscence therapy (回憶療法)—is cmmn in clinical practice. By using a variety f reminders such as phtgraphs and music, facilitatrs— including staff at Glenner—help dementia patients recall episdes frm decades past. Studies have fund that the therapy imprves bth cgnitive functin and quality f life; a fully immersive envirnment like Glenner Twn Square culd enhance these effects.
As dementia prgresses, memries f childhd and early adulthd tend t endure the lngest. “Graduatin frm high schl, cllege, the first jb, marriage, perhaps children—these are the milestnes, typically, in life,” Tarde, an administratr f the GergeG. Glenner Alzheimer’s Family Centers, said. “That 20-year perid seems t be where memries are the strngest.” Ask a persn with mid-stage dementia abut Jennifer Lawrence, and yu’ll prbably get a cnfused stare. But take ut a pht f actress Judy Garland, and a lively cnversatin may fllw.
8．Why d dctrs ften recmmend day centers t Alzheimer’s disease patients?
A．T make them calm dwn.B．T keep their minds active.
C．T help them make mre friends.D．T prevent them develping ther diseases.
9．What d we knw abut Glenner Twn Square?
A．It is a facility fr caregivers t take a rest.
B．It is an ancient twn fr patients t live in.
C．It is intended t refresh the patients’ memries.
D．It is inspired by the design f several ther facilities.
10．Which f the fllwing best describes the prject?
A．Safe.B．Flexible.C．Challenging.D．Prmising.
11．What des the last paragraph indicate?
A．Judy Garland and Jennifer Lawrence were famus administratrs.
B．Memries cncerning the earlier key mments are easier t recall.
C．Memries f all life stages can equally be applied in the treatment.
D．Alzheimer’s disease patients can have memries f 20 years at mst.
【答案】8．B 9．C 10．D 11．B
【解析】本文是一篇新聞報道，主要講的是針對老年癡呆癥患者（包括阿爾茨海默病患者和其他形式的癡呆癥患者）的一種新型日間護理設施——Glenner Twn Square的創(chuàng)建及其背后的回憶療法。
8．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“T keep such patients’ minds engaged and give their caregivers at hme a break, dctrs ften refer them t day centers, where they can exercise, take part in activities, and receive prfessinal guidance r medicatin.(為了讓這些病人保持精神狀態(tài)，讓家里的護理人員休息一下，醫(yī)生通常會把他們轉到日間中心，在那里他們可以鍛煉、參加活動，并接受專業(yè)指導或藥物治療。)”可知，醫(yī)生經(jīng)常向阿爾茨海默病患者推薦日間中心是為了讓他們的思維保持活躍。故選B。
9．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“The hpe is that visual reminders f their yuth will spark memries and cnversatin.(希望用視覺來提醒他們的年輕，從而激發(fā)他們的回憶和對話。)”可知，Glenner Twn Square是為了喚起病人的記憶。故選C。
10．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“While the prject is nvel, the apprach it reflects—knwn as reminiscence therapy (回憶療法)—is cmmn in clinical practice. By using a variety f reminders such as phtgraphs and music, facilitatrs— including staff at Glenner—help dementia patients recall episdes frm decades past. Studies have fund that the therapy imprves bth cgnitive functin and quality f life; a fully immersive envirnment like Glenner Twn Square culd enhance these effects.(雖然這個項目很新穎，但它所反映的方法——被稱為回憶療法——在臨床實踐中很常見。通過使用各種各樣的提醒，如照片和音樂，輔導員——包括Glenner工作人員——幫助癡呆癥患者回憶幾十年前的事情。研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，這種療法可以改善認知功能和生活質(zhì)量；像Glenner Twn Square這樣的完全沉浸式環(huán)境可以增強這些效果。)”可知，這個項目是很有前途的，故選D。
11．推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“As dementia prgresses, memries f childhd and early adulthd tend t endure the lngest.(隨著癡呆癥的發(fā)展，童年和成年早期的記憶往往持續(xù)的時間最長。)”，“Graduatin frm high schl, cllege, the first jb, marriage, perhaps children—these are the milestnes, typically, in life(高中畢業(yè)、大學畢業(yè)、第一份工作、結婚，也許還有孩子——這些都是人生中典型的里程碑)”和“That 20-year perid seems t be where memries are the strngest.(這20年似乎是記憶力最強的時期。)”可知，最后一段說明了關于早期關鍵時刻的記憶更容易被回憶起來。故選B。
【難詞背誦】
estimated adj. 估計的；預計的；估算的 v. 估計，評估engaged adj.忙碌的 v. 保證，約定；從事prfessinal guidance專業(yè)指導medicatin n.藥劑；藥物治療；藥物處理；加入藥物nnprfit adj. 非盈利的facilities n. 工具；天資；特別裝置；設備
evke v. 引起，喚起visual reminders視覺提醒
apprach v. 臨近；處理 n. 方法，途徑episde n. 一集，一節(jié)；插曲；（病癥）發(fā)作期
therapy n. 治療，療法，療效；心理治療；治療力cgnitive functin認知功能
immersive adj. 擬真的；沉浸式虛擬現(xiàn)實的enhance v. 提高，增強；改進
endure v. 忍受；持續(xù)milestnes n. 重要事件；重要階段；轉折點；里程碑typically adv. 典型地；代表性地；通常administratr n. 管理者；有管理（或行政）才能的人
考點三 攻堅克難——熟記閱讀理解中社會生活、心理學類高頻詞匯
1.（2024·新高考I卷）
翻譯背誦劃線的單詞
But equally imprtant is the mental aspect. Reading researchers have prpsed a thery called “shallwing hypthesis (假說)”. Accrding t this thery, peple apprach digital texts with a mindset suited t scial media, which are ften nt s serius, and devte less mental effrt than when they are reading print.
Audi (音頻) and vide can feel mre engaging than text, and s university teachers increasingly turn t these technlgies — say, assigning an nline talk instead f an article by the same persn. Hwever, psychlgists have demnstrated that when adults read news stries, they remember mre f the cntent than if they listen t r view identical pieces.
Digital texts, audi and vide all have educatinal rles, especially when prviding resurces nt available in print. Hwever, fr maximizing learning where mental fcus and reflectin are called fr, educatrs shuldn’t assume all media are the same, even when they cntain identical wrds.
【難詞背誦】
equally adv. 平等地，相等地；同樣 mental aspect 心理方面
hypthesis n. 假設，假說；[邏]前提 mindset n.觀念模式，心態(tài)
engaging adj. 迷人的；吸引人的 v. 雇傭；預訂 demnstrate v. 證明；說明；(游行)示威；演示
identical adj. 同一的；完全同樣的，相同的 available adj. 可用的，可獲得的；有空的
maximize vt. 最大化；[數(shù)學]解函數(shù)的最大值mental fcus心理焦點
reflectin n. 映像，倒影；體現(xiàn)；深思；描述assume v. 假設，認為；呈現(xiàn)；假裝
2.（2023·新課標II卷）Reading Art: Art fr Bk Lvers is a celebratin f an everyday bject — the bk, represented here in almst three hundred artwrks frm museums arund the wrld. The image f the reader appears thrughut histry, in art made lng befre bks as we nw knw them came int being. In artists’ representatins f bks and reading, we see mments f shared humanity that g beynd culture and time.
In this “bk f bks,” artwrks are selected and arranged in a way that emphasizes these cnnectins between different eras and cultures. We see scenes f children learning t read at hme r at schl, with the bk as a fcus fr relatins between the generatins. Adults are prtrayed (描繪) alne in many settings and pses —absrbed in a vlume, deep in thught r lst in a mment f leisure. These scenes may have been painted hundreds f years ag, but they recrd mments we can all relate t.
Bks themselves may be used symblically in paintings t demnstrate the intellect (才智), wealth r faith f the subject. Befre the wide use f the printing press, bks were treasured bjects and culd be wrks f art in their wn right. Mre recently, as bks have becme inexpensive r even thrwaway, artists have used them as the raw material fr artwrks — transfrming cvers, pages r even cmplete vlumes int paintings and sculptures.
【難詞背誦】
celebratin n. 慶典；慶祝；贊揚 representatin n. 表現(xiàn)；陳述
humanity n. 人類；人性；人道emphasize v. 強調(diào)；重視；使突出
prtray v. 扮演（角色）；描述；描繪；表現(xiàn)leisure n. 空閑時間；閑暇；悠閑；安逸
relate t 與...相關；涉及；談到symblically adv. 象征性地
demnstrate v. 證明；說明；(游行)示威；演示intellect n. 智力，理解力；有才智的人；知識分子inexpensive adj. 不貴的，便宜的thrwaway adj. 脫口而出的；開玩笑的；用后丟棄的transfrm v. 使改變形態(tài)；使改觀sculpture n. 雕刻作品；雕刻藝術
3.（2023·全國乙卷）In additin t the prblem f miscmprehensin frm bth sides, there are victries accidentally r deliberately twisted, especially when nly the victrs knw hw t write. Thse wh are n the lsing side ften have nly their things t tell their stries. The Caribbean Tain, the Australian Abriginals, the African peple f Benin and the Incas, all f whm appear in this bk, can speak t us nw f their past achievements mst pwerfully thrugh the bjects they made: a histry tld thrugh things gives them back a vice. When we cnsider cntact (聯(lián)系) between literate and nn-literate scieties such as these, all ur first-hand accunts are necessarily twisted, nly ne half f a dialgue. If we are t find the ther half f that cnversatin, we have t read nt just the texts, but the bjects.
【難詞背誦】
In additin t除…以外(還)miscmprehensin 誤解
accidentally adv. 偶然地deliberately adv. 有意地；從容地；不慌不忙地pwerfully adv. 強大地，強烈地；有效地bject n. 物體；目標；v. 反對；提出…反對的理由literate adj. 有文化修養(yǎng)的；熟練的；通曉的accunt n. 賬號；賬單；解釋；老主顧 v. 解釋necessarily adv. 必要地；不可避免地cnversatin n. 交談，談話
閱讀理解中社會生活、心理學類高頻詞匯
1.社會生活類
allcate vt.分配assess v．評估；估算bankrupt adj.破產(chǎn)的bigraphy n．傳記
bst v．提高；推動；使增長civilize v．使文明，開化cmprehensin n．理解cnsciusness n．意識；觀念crdinatin n．協(xié)調(diào)celebrity n．名人
critically adv.批判性地depressed adj.蕭條的discipline n．紀律
emergence n．興起financial squeeze財政困難flurish v．繁榮
genuine adj.真的；真誠的initiative n．倡議，新方案mdify v．調(diào)整；修飾
pursuit n．追求；消遣spnsr n．贊助者 v．贊助tragedy n．悲劇
thrive v．旺盛，繁榮tend v．傾向dishnest adj.不誠實的vilent behaviurs暴力行為chas n. 混亂，雜亂mrality n. 道德；道德觀mral virtues道德美德cruelty n. 殘酷，虐待；不公humbleness n. 謙遜，粗鄙religin n. 宗教；教派；心愛的事物scial instincts社會本能cmmunity n. 社會（團體）mtivate vt.促動，激發(fā)，誘導；刺激behaviural patterns行為模式 efficient adj. 效率高的accmpany v. 陪同，陪伴；伴隨advantageus adj. 有利的；有好處的self-discipline自我修養(yǎng),自律capacity n.容量；才能 adj.無虛席的strengthen v. 鞏固；加強；增強self-cntrl n.自控；自我克制
philsphy n. 哲學；哲學思想；生活信條
2.心理學類
minimalism n. 最低綱領，極保守行動intlerable adj.無法容忍的；難堪slitude n. 單獨，孤獨
aggressive adj.挑釁的；積極進取的cnceited adj.自負的，傲慢的 frustrate vt. 挫??；使受挫折
lnely adj. 孤獨的；寂寞的；偏僻的stress n.壓力；強調(diào) v. 強調(diào)suspect v. 猜想，覺得；懷疑
bully v. 恐嚇，威逼victim n. 受害者；犧牲品anxiety n. 憂慮，焦慮；渴望 psychlgy n. 心理（學）；思想 psychlgist n. 心理學家self-esteem n. 自尊；自大；傲骨 suicidal thughts自殺念頭neglect v. 疏忽 n. 忽略；怠慢empathy n. 移情作用；同感sympathetic adj. 同情的；贊同的respect n. 尊敬 v. 遵守assertiveness n. 魄力；自信supprtive adj. 支持的，擁護的，贊助的cmplex adj.復雜的 n. 復合體psychlgical prblem心理問題mental health心理健康scietal expectatins社會期望verwhelming adj. 勢不可擋的cmpetitive adj. 競爭的；有競爭力的extracurricular adj.課外的deprivatin n. 剝奪；喪失；匱乏priritize vt. 按重要性排列；優(yōu)先處理verbal abuse言語虐待scial exclusin n. 社會排斥cyberbullying網(wǎng)上欺凌ppularizatin n. 普及emtinal intelligence情緒misunderstand v. 誤解mtivatin n. 動力；積極性stability n. 穩(wěn)定；堅定，恒心
（2025·浙江省金華市高三上學期一模）（閱讀C節(jié)選）Nthing special happened during that night. Rather, the big rle this htel plays in my memries can be explained by a psychlgical principle called the recency effect. “The recency effect helps t accunt fr ur tendency t remember the ending part f a sequence f events with far mre clarity than the rest, ” said Dr. Mary Pffenrth, a bipsychlgist.
She says it arises frm ur shrt-term memry’s inability t hld n t mre than a small amunt f infrmatin at nce. S while there is n magic frmula t create lvely travel memries, emplying the recency effect can turn a gd trip int an unfrgettable ne.
Dr. Stephanie, a Neurscientist, says that while yu can strategically set ff the recency effect at a trip’s end, yu may have multiple pprtunities t create lasting memries all alng the way by breaking it up int smaller chunks.
【難詞背誦】
psychlgical principle心理原理recency effect近因效應
accunt fr 說明（原因、理由等）；導致，引起a sequence f一系列的
clarity n. 清楚，明確；思路清晰bipsychlgist生物心理學家
inability n. 無能，無力；無才能；無能為力frmula n. 公式，方程式；方案，方法
unfrgettable adj. 難忘的；銘刻肺腑的Neurscientist[醫(yī)]神經(jīng)科學家：神經(jīng)科學各分支專家 strategically adv. 戰(zhàn)略上，戰(zhàn)略性地multiple adj. 多重的；多個的；復雜的；多功能的
考點四 融會貫通——通曉閱讀記敘文中描寫人物及作者態(tài)度相關的高頻詞匯
1．(2021·新高考II卷之B篇)
Things quickly gt very intense due t the huge amunt f energy required t lk after them. There were sme tugh times and I just felt extremely tired. I was grateful that my family was there t help. We had t have a bit f a prductin line ging, making up “tiger milk”, washing baby bttles, and cleaning the flrs.
When Spt and Stripe were fur mnths ld, they were learning hw t pen drs and jump fences, and we knew it really was time fr them t g. It was hard fr us t finally part with them. Fr the first few days, Kynan was always a bit disappinted that the cubs weren't there.
【難詞背誦】
extremely tired 極累grateful adj. 感激的；表示感謝的 disappinted adj. 失望的，灰心的
2．（2021年6月浙江卷）Did Nielsen then feel cntent in his career? Yes and n. He was thrilled t be ding the cmedy that he always felt he shuld d, but even during his last few years, he always had a sense f curisity, wndering what new rle r challenge might be just arund the cmer. He never stpped wrking, never retired.
Leslie Nielsen’s devtin t acting is wnderfully inspiring. He built a hugely successful career with little mre than plain ld hard wrk and determinatin. He shwed us that even a single desire, never given up n, can make fr a remarkable life.
【難詞背誦】
cntent adj.滿意的；滿足的 thrilled adj. 非常興奮的；極為激動的 a sense f curisity好奇的感覺
inspiring adj. 啟發(fā)靈感的successful adj. 成功的determinatin n. 決心；查明remarkable adj. 異常的；卓越的；顯著的；非凡的，非常（好）的
3．（2021·新高考I卷B篇）
“A lt f skills are needed fr the jb. Yu have t make sure yu dn’t turn tw pages at nce and make sure yu find the repeats in the music when yu have t g back t the right spt.” Mr. Tittertn explained.
25. Which f the fllwing best describes Tittertn’s jb n stage?
A. Bring.B. Well-paid.
C. Demanding.D. Dangerus.
推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“A lt f skills are needed fr the jb. Yu have t make sure yu dn’t turn tw pages at nce and make sure yu find the repeats in the music when yu have t g back t the right spt.(這項工作需要很多技能。你必須確保你不會一次翻兩頁并且必要的時候確保你回到前面找到音樂重復的部分)”可知，為鋼琴家翻頁這項工作很需要技巧。由此推知，Tittertn的工作要求是很高的。故選C。
【難詞背誦】
bring adj. 令人厭煩的，無聊的well-paid adj. 工資高的
demanding adj. 費時的；勞神的；苛刻的；要求很高的 dangerus adj. 危險的
高考閱讀理解B篇往往選一篇記敘文，根據(jù)記敘文的特點，記敘文中往往有人物活動，因此熟記對描述人物或事件的詞很有必要。另外，閱讀理解的記敘文中的設題也往往有一個，描述人物特征或事件性質(zhì)的題，此題也涉及這些重要的形容詞。
閱讀理解記敘文中描寫人物相關的高頻詞匯
1.記敘文命題中題干和選項中?？嫉拿枋鲎髡邞B(tài)度的詞：
表示贊同+積極
acclaim 贊同，稱贊cncerned關心的appreciatin 欣賞，感激
appreciative 感激的，欣賞的apprval 贊成，承認，正式批準apprving 贊成的cmpensatry 補償?shù)模r償?shù)腸nfident 自信的，有信心的defensive 為…而辯護desirable 值得擁有的，令人滿意的enthusiastic 熱情的，積極性的，狂熱的enthusiasm熱情，熱心favrable 贊成的，有利的，贊許的frank坦白的，真誠的，直率的influential 有影響的mdest 謙虛的，適度的psitive 肯定的，積極的，實際的prfund意義深遠的respectable可敬的，可觀的，體面的satisfactin 滿意，滿足sthing鎮(zhèn)靜的，慰藉的supprtive支持的，支援的sympathy 同情，同情心，同感，贊同sympathetic 同情的talented 有才能的，有天賦的tlerance 寬容，容忍tlerant 寬容的，容忍的understanding 了解，認識，諒解admiring 贊賞的rewarding 有回報的instructive 有教育意義的cnsent同意impressed / impressive 留下深刻印象的humrus 幽默的
表示否定+消極
ambiguus 模棱兩可的warning警告的，引以為戒的unwilling 不情愿的 = reluctant pessimistic悲觀的= permissive depressed 沮喪的 = frustrated = glmy hesitancy 猶豫
hesitant 猶豫的，不愿的arrgant 傲慢的，自大的biased 有偏見的cnservative 保守的，守舊的cntempt 輕視，恥辱cntemptuus 輕視的detestatin 憎惡，厭惡disapprval 不贊成disgust 厭惡，反感dubtful 可疑的，懷疑的enraged 激怒的guilty 有罪的，內(nèi)疚的harmful 有害的impulsive 沖動的，任性的indignatin 憤慨indulgence 沉溺，放縱insulted 受辱的，辱罵的misleading 令人誤解的negative 否定的，消極的，陰性的bjectin 異議ppsitin反對
ppsed 反對的self-centered 以自我為中心的，自私的irnic諷刺的 = sarcastic = satiric
disappinted 失望的radical 激進的disapprval 不贊成hstile有敵意的undesirable 不受歡迎的，不合意的uneasy 心神不安的unwrthy 不值得的，無價值的wrried 悶悶不樂的，焦慮的cynical憤世嫉俗的arbitrary 武斷的permissive悲觀的
表示客觀中立
factual 事實的detached 不含個人偏見的，客觀的disinterested 無私的impartial 公平的，不偏不倚的neutral 中立的 = impersnal ambiguus 模棱兩可的cnservative保守的bjective 客觀的bjectiveness客觀性unbiased 沒有偏見的unprejudiced 公平的，無偏見的，沒有成見的
主觀詞
cautius謹慎的cautiusness 謹慎，小心curisity 好奇，好奇心puzzled 困惑的，迷惑的subjective 主觀的apprehensive 擔心的intlerant不能容忍的，偏執(zhí)的critical批評的，挑剔的，決定性的criticism 批評cmprmising 妥協(xié)的dissatisfied 不滿意的infrmative 提供資訊的frmal 正式的infrmal 非正式的sensitive 敏感的discntent不滿的
表懷疑不確定
dubius 懷疑的questining 質(zhì)疑的uncertain 態(tài)度不明的unclear 不確定的skeptical 懷疑skepticism 懷疑suspicin 懷疑，猜疑questinable 可疑的
一般不選的詞匯：（偶爾有例外，注意看題）
①表達歧視，偏見，不平等的詞：
discriminatin歧視discriminated 歧視的prejudice偏見
prejudiced 偏見的bias 偏見biased 偏見的
unfair 不公平的，不公正的cntemptuus 輕蔑的，鄙視的，侮辱的scrnful 輕蔑的，鄙視的inequality 不平等cntemptible 令人輕視的，可輕視的
②表達冷漠，不關心，不感興趣的詞：
indifference 漠不關心indifferent 漠不關心的uninterested 不感興趣的uncncerned 不關心的carefree 不關心的apathetic 冷漠的= impassive 冷漠的
③表示迷惑，不清楚的詞：
uncertainty 不確定uncertain 不確定的puzzled 困惑的= cnfused ambiguus模棱兩可的unclear不清楚的
④表達容忍，沉溺，放縱的詞：
tlerant 容忍的tlerance 容忍indulgence 放縱，沉溺indulged 放縱的indulgent 放縱的permissive 放縱的
⑤表示情感態(tài)度過于強烈，過于否定，過于肯定的詞：
sacrifice 犧牲sacrificial 犧牲的satiric 諷刺的enthusiastic 熱情的strngly 強烈地，強有力的desperate絕望的cnceited 自負的destructive 破壞性的，毀滅性的mcking 嘲諷的
2.記敘文中描寫人物的高頻詞：
able有才干的，能干的active 主動的，活躍的adaptable適應性強的aggressive有進取心的alert機靈的ambitius有雄心壯志的analytical善于分析的apprehensive有理解力的argumentative好爭辯的aspiring有志氣的，有抱負的attractive有魅力的，有吸引力的bad-tempered 脾氣暴的bigmuth多嘴多舌的bland冷漠的bssy 專橫跋扈的
brave勇敢的brilliant有才氣的，聰穎的capable有才能的
caring體貼的，有同情心的cheerful開朗的childish 幼稚的
cmical滑稽的cmpetent能勝任的cnfident有信心的
cnsiderate體貼的cnstructive建設性的cperative合作精神的curageus勇敢的，有膽量的creative富有創(chuàng)造力的cultured有教養(yǎng)的
dashing有一股子沖勁的demanding苛刻的determined堅決的devted有獻身精神的dependable可靠的depressing沉悶的disciplined守紀律的dishnest不誠實的disrganized無組織的dutiful盡職的easy-ging隨和的efficient有效率的energetic精力充沛的enthusiastic充滿熱情的expressive善于表達的faithful守信的，忠誠的frceful性格堅強的frgetful健忘的
frank直率的，真誠的friendly友好的funny有趣的，古怪的generus慷慨大方的，寬宏大量的gentle有禮貌的，紳士般的greedy 貪婪的hard-wrking勤勞的helpful助人的，有益的helpless無助的，沒用的hnest誠實的humrus幽默的incnsiderate輕率的independent有主見的initiative 有首創(chuàng)精神的intellective有智力的inventive有發(fā)明才能的just 正直的kind-hearted好心的knwledgeable有見識的learned精通某學問的lyal忠心耿耿的
mean吝嗇的methdical有方法的mdest謙虛的
mdy情緒化的mtivated目標明確的narrw-minded心胸狹窄nisy聒噪的bjective客觀的pen-minded虛心的ptimistic樂觀的rderly守紀律的riginal有獨創(chuàng)性的utging外向友好的painstaking辛勤的，苦干的，刻苦的passinate充滿熱情的pessimistic悲觀的plite有禮貌的ppular受歡迎的practical實際的purpseful意志堅強的pushy有進取心的persnality有個性的人qualified合格的realistic實事求是的reasnable講道理的reliable可信賴的respnsible負責的rmantic浪漫的，空想的self-cnscius自覺的selfish自私的
selfless \ unselfish無私的sensible明白事理的sensitive敏感的
sincere真誠的skeptical多疑的smart精明的
sciable好交際的spirited生氣勃勃的steady踏實的，穩(wěn)定的straightfrward老實的strict嚴格的supprtive助人的strng-willed意志堅強的sympathetic有同情心的thughtful體貼人的
talented有才能的，有天賦的tireless孜孜不倦的tlerant容忍的
virtuus善良的,道德高尚的trustful容易相信人的trustwrthy值得信任的understanding理解人的ungrateful不領情的upright正直的
sweet-tempered性情溫和的
1.（2025·浙江省金華市高三上學期一模）（節(jié)選）The stry f the Frest f Immrtal Stries begins in 2019, when Cjcaru lst his wife t cancer. Cjcaru suffered cnstant depressin; as a slutin, his dctr tld him t walk in the cuntryside, 6,000 r mre steps a day.
Cjcaru had grwn up in Nucsara, but nly as he walked the hills did he ntice the trees: giant beeches (山毛櫸), sme as ld as 500 years. Their beauty and strength revived him, and he felt as if they had adpted him.
4．Cjcaru's walk in the beech frest can be described as _________.
A．demandingB．healingC．a(chǎn)dventurusD．rmantic
【答案】B
【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段的句子“Cjcaru suffered cnstant depressin; as a slutin, his dctr tld him t walk in the cuntryside, 6,000 r mre steps a day.(Cjcaru一直患有抑郁癥；為了解決這個問題，他的醫(yī)生建議他去鄉(xiāng)下散步，每天至少走6000步)”和第二段的句子“Their beauty and strength revived him, and he felt as if they had adpted him. (它們的美麗和力量使他恢復了活力，他覺得它們好像收養(yǎng)了他)”可知，Cjcaru在山毛櫸林中的散步有治愈作用。故選B項。
【難詞背誦】
adventurus adj. 勇于冒險的；新奇的；驚險的 rmantic adj. 浪漫的；愛情的；多情的；n. 浪漫的人
demanding adj. 費時的；要求很高的healing n. 康復，復原 v. （使）愈合( heal的現(xiàn)在分詞 )；治愈；（使）結束；較容易忍受
2.（2025·浙江省湖州、麗水、衢州三地市一模）
With the supprt f his mther, Charlie fund refuge in basketball. He channeled his frustratins and stress int mtivatin, imprving his skills t the pint where his talent vershadwed his cnditin. The bullying stpped, and his basketball career tk ff.
All alng the way, Charlie has cnsistently dedicated himself t helping thers. Ever since his first year as a new player, he has served as a spkespersn fr the Natinal Alpecia Areata Fundatin, and went n t establish the Charlie Villanueva Fundatin, an rganizatin aimed at supprting families with children suffering frm alpecia and stpping all frms f bullying. As the sn f immigrants frm the· Dminican Republic, he has even wrked twards ending pverty in that cuntry.
26．Which f the fllwing best describes Charlie?
A．Humble and respnsible.B．Strng-willed and helpful.
C．Innvative and generus.D．Gd-natured and tlerant.
【答案】B
【解析】26．推理判斷題。由文章第三段中“With the supprt f his mther, Charlie fund refuge in basketball. He channeled his frustratins and stress int mtivatin, imprving his skills t the pint where his talent vershadwed his cnditin. The bullying stpped, and his basketball career tk ff. (在母親的支持下，查理在籃球中找到了慰藉。他將挫折和壓力轉化為動力，不斷提高自己的技能，直到他的天賦蓋過了他的身體狀況。欺凌停止了，他的籃球生涯開始了。)”可知，他有堅強的意志。由文章第四段中“All alng the way, Charlie has cnsistently dedicated himself t helping thers. Ever since his first year as a new player, he has served as a spkespersn fr the Natinal Alpecia Areata Fundatin, and went n t establish the Charlie Villanueva Fundatin, an rganizatin aimed at supprting families with children suffering frm alpecia and stpping all frms f bullying.(一路走來，查理一直致力于幫助他人。從他作為新球員的第一年開始，他就擔任了國家斑禿基金會的發(fā)言人，并建立了查理維拉紐瓦基金會，該組織旨在支持有脫發(fā)兒童的家庭，并阻止各種形式的欺凌。)”可知，查理一直致力于幫助他人，這表明他是樂于助人的。因此，堅強意志和樂于助人最能描述查理。故選B。
【難詞背誦】
humble adj. 謙遜的；簡陋的 respnsible adj. 有責任的；引起…的；可靠的；責任重大的strng-willed adj. 意志堅強的，固執(zhí)己見的helpful adj. 給予幫助的；有幫助的；有好處的
innvative adj. 革新的；創(chuàng)新的generus adj. 慷慨的；寬厚的；豐富的
tlerant adj. 寬容的；容忍的，忍受的gd-natured adj. 和善的；性格好的，脾氣好的；溫厚的
refuge n. 避難；避難所；[醫(yī)]救急療法frustratin n. 挫折；失敗；挫??；失意
vershadw vt. 使失色；使陰暗；遮陰tk ff 起飛
cnsistently adv. 一貫地，堅持地，固守地dedicated adj. 專注的，投入的；獻身的
immigrant n. （外來）移民；外僑
考點五 心領神會——熟記常用同義替換詞匯或短語通曉命題規(guī)律
1.（2024·新課標Ⅰ卷）節(jié)選But equally imprtant is the mental aspect. Reading researchers have prpsed a thery called “shallwing hypthesis (假說)”. Accrding t this thery, peple apprach digital texts with a mindset suited t scial media, which are ften nt s serius, and devte less mental effrt than when they are reading print.
What des the shallwing hypthesis assume?
A．Readers treat digital texts lightly.B．Digital texts are simpler t understand.
C．Peple select digital texts randmly.D．Digital texts are suitable fr scial media.
【答案】A
【解析】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“But equally imprtant is the mental aspect. Reading researchers have prpsed a thery called “shallwing hypthesis (假說)”. Accrding t this thery, peple apprach digital texts with a mindset suited t scial media, which are ften nt s serius, and devte less mental effrt than when they are reading print.(但同樣重要的是精神層面。閱讀研究人員提出了一個名為“shallwing hypthesis”的理論。根據(jù)這一理論，人們以適合社交媒體的心態(tài)接觸數(shù)字文本，這些文本通常不那么嚴肅，與閱讀印刷品時相比，投入的精神努力也更少)”可知，shallwing hypthesis假設讀者在閱讀數(shù)字文本時會持有一種輕松的心態(tài)，不會像閱讀紙質(zhì)書籍那樣投入太多的心理努力。故選A項。
同義詞替換是設置正確選項的重要手段，掌握了這個方法，能讓你快速、準確地找到正確答案。大多數(shù)的閱讀理解正確選項或題干都是采用同義句表達的手段進行改寫的。本題中readers---peple treat ... lightly----nt s serius/less mental effrt
2.（2024·新課標II卷）節(jié)選We all knw fresh is best when it cmes t fd. Hwever, mst prduce at the stre went thrugh weeks f travel and cvered hundreds f miles befre reaching the table. While farmer’s markets are a slid chice t reduce the jurney, Babyln Micr-Farm (BMF) shrtens it even mre.
What can be learned abut BMF frm paragraph 1?
A．It guarantees the variety f fd.B．It requires day-t-day care.
C．It cuts the farm-t-table distance.D．It relies n farmer’s markets.
【答案】C
【解析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“While farmer’s markets are a slid chice t reduce the jurney, Babyln Micr-Farm (BMF) shrtens it even mre. (雖然農(nóng)貿(mào)市場是減少旅程的可靠選擇，但巴比倫微型農(nóng)場（BMF）甚至縮短了旅程)”可知，巴比倫微型農(nóng)場（BMF）進一步縮短了從農(nóng)場到餐桌的距離。故選C。
本題中cut the distance---reduce the jurney--shrtens it even mre cut--reduce/shrten
熟記常用同義替換詞匯或短語
第一組
考點
目標要求
考題統(tǒng)計及展示
考情分析
研究報告類高頻詞匯
①熟記相關詞匯；②有助于快速理解文章
（2024·新高考I卷）dcument n. 文件；（計算機）文檔 v. 記錄；用文件證明 extinct adj. 滅絕的；廢除了的 bidiversity n. 生物多類狀態(tài)，生物多樣性 detect v. 發(fā)現(xiàn)；查明；測 technlgy n. 科技；技術性機器 bservatin n. 觀察；監(jiān)視；評論 applicatin n. 申請；請求；申請書；運用；生效；應用軟件；勤奮；努力；涂抹；施用 authr n. 作者；作家；發(fā)起人 assistant adj. （用于頭銜前）助理的；副的 n. 助手；副手；店員；售貨員；助教 utnumber vt. 數(shù)量多于；比…多 specimen n. 樣品；范例；（化驗的）抽樣；標本 increasingly adv. 不斷增加地；越來越多地 bservatinal adj. 觀察的，觀測的 investigate v. 調(diào)查；研究
從近三年高考試題來看，閱讀理解的難度都比較大，涉及文章的題材多樣，有應用文、記敘文、普通說明文，科普說明文，研究報告等。詞匯的難度也有所增加。
體裁以說明文為主，記敘文和議論文為輔。文章要求考生能快速找到文章的細節(jié)信息、并就某些事實進行合乎邏輯的推理判斷，要求學生能準確把握文章的主旨大意及作者的寫作態(tài)度及意圖。
預計在2025年高考閱讀理解的難度將維持在2024年的水平。
閱讀理解中醫(yī)學、科普類高頻詞匯
①熟記醫(yī)學、科普類詞匯；②快速理解文章
（2024·北京卷）unknwable adj. 不能知道的，不可知的simulatin n. 模仿，模擬；[生]擬態(tài)，擬色；假裝；裝病inquiry n. 調(diào)查，審查；詢問，質(zhì)問，追究；探究facilitate v. 促進；使便利cmprehensin n. 理解力；充分了解；（聽力或閱讀）理解測試cnceptual adj. 觀念的，概念的metaphr n. 隱喻，暗喻；象征standard n. 標準；軍旗 adj. 標準的；合格的；一般的infrmatin n. 消息；數(shù)據(jù)；問訊處virtual reality虛擬現(xiàn)實unsurprisingly adv. 不出所料地；不出奇地；意料中地cmputatin n. 計算effective adj. 有效的；實際的；起作用的insightful adj. 富有洞察力的，有深刻見解的
閱讀理解中社會生活、心理學類高頻詞匯
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（2024·新高考Ⅰ卷）equally adv. 平等地，相等地；同樣 mental aspect 心理方面 hypthesis n. 假設，假說；[邏]前提 mindset n. 觀念模式，思維傾向，心態(tài) engaging adj. 迷人的；吸引人的 v. 雇傭(engage的ing形式)；預訂 demnstrate v. 證明；說明；(游行)示威；演示 identical adj. 同一的；完全同樣的，相同的 available adj. 可用的，可獲得的；有空的 maximize vt. 最大化，使（某事物）增至最大限度；極為重視；[數(shù)學]解函數(shù)的最大值；最大限度利用（某事物） vi. 盡可能廣義地解釋；達到最大值mental fcus心理焦點reflectin n. 映像，倒影；體現(xiàn)；深思；反射；描述；感想assume v. 假設，認為；呈現(xiàn)；假裝
通曉閱讀記敘文中描寫人物及作者態(tài)度相關的高頻詞匯
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（(2021·新高考II卷之B篇)extremely tired 極累grateful adj. 感激的；表示感謝的 disappinted adj. 失望的，灰心的
（2021年6月浙江卷）cntent adj.滿意的；滿足的 thrilled adj. 非常興奮的；極為激動的 a sense f curisity好奇的感覺
inspiring adj. 鼓舞人心的；啟發(fā)靈感的successful adj. 成功的determinatin n. 決心；決定；查明remarkable adj. 異常的，引人注目的，；卓越的；顯著的；非凡的，非常（好）的
（2021·新高考I卷B篇）bring adj. 令人厭煩的，無聊的well-paid adj. 工資高的 demanding adj. 費時的；勞神的；苛刻的；要求很高的 dangerus adj. 危險的
1.跟…有關 be related t= be assciated with= be linked t= be cnnected with
2.多種多樣 a variety f +n. /varieties f +n. =varius +n. =all kinds f=all srts f = diversities f
3.提前 in advance, ahead f time, ahead f schedule
4.厭煩 be tired/sick f=be bred with=be fed up with
5.區(qū)分 distinguish/tell A frm B
6.親自 persnally, in persn
7.只有 nly, nbdy/nthing but
8.出版 cme ut, be published
9.尤其 particularly, in particular
10.鍛煉 exercise, wrk ut
11.謀生 make/earn a living
12.代表 represent, stand fr, (be) n behalf f
13.結合 cmbine, mix sth.up
14.前進 advance, mve frward
15.舒適 cmfrtable, at ease
16.十年 decade, ten years
17.兩周 frtnight, tw weeks
18.二十 scre, twenty
19.十二 dzen, twelve
20.成人 adult, grwn-up
21.刪除 delete, cut ut
22.回答 answer, reply t
23.進入enter, cme/g int
24.雇用某人emply/hire sb, take sb n
25.移走 remve, take away
26.吸收 absrb, take in
27.與…一致 agree/be cnsistent/crrespnd with
28.缺席 be absent frm, be nt present at
29.收割 harvest, gather, get in
30.抵制 byctt, refuse t accept, resist, reject
31.與...相反/對立 cntradict, be ppsite t
32.放棄 abandn, g away frm, leave, give up
33.代替 replace, take the place f
34.背誦 recite, learn…by heart
35.害怕 fear, be afraid/scared f
36.退（學） quit, drp ut f (schl)
37.推遲 delay, pstpne, put ff
38.去拿來 fetch, g and bring back
39.相匹配 match, g with
40.精力充沛 energetic, full f energy
41.少數(shù) a minrity f, a small number f
42.打擾 cause truble t, bther, disturb
43.描述 describe, give a descriptin f
44.后來 afterwards, after that, later n
45.目前 nwadays, at present, at the present time
46.取消 cancel, call ff
47.宣布 annunce/declare sth, make sth knwn t the public
48.逃跑 escape, run away
49.擔心 wrry abut, be cncerned/anxius abut
50.提到 mentin, refer t, talk abut/f
51.展覽 n shw/display/exhibitin
52.勇敢（去做） be brave t, have curage t
53.違法的 illegal, nt legal, against the law
54.滿足需要 cater t/meet/satisfy the need
55.重力gravity, the pull f the earth
56.算出calculate, figure ut
57.與…不同differ frm, be different frm, vary frm…t…
58.高興起來cheer up, becme happy
59.亂七八糟in a mess, in disrder
60.氣喘吁吁breathless, ut f breath
61.做出決定determine, decide, make a decisin
62.對……有害d harm t, be harmful t
63.相似，相像resemble, be like, be similar t
64.低語，耳語whisper, speak in a lw vice
65.尋找，追求seek, lk/search/hunt fr
66.茫然，困惑at a lss, puzzled/cnfused
67.取笑，逗弄tease, make fun f, laugh at, amuse
68.提高，改善imprve, make/becme better
69.慶祝celebrate, hld a celebratin
70.長胖put n/gain weight, grw fat
71.熟悉knw…well, be familiar with
72.處理handle, settle, deal with, cpe with
73.到處everywhere, here and there
74.加速accelerate, speed up, quicken
75.保證，確保ensure, guarantee, make sure/certain
76.一年一次的annual, yearly, every year
77.挨餓，餓死starve, g hungry, die frm hunger
78.充當；起……的作用act as, serve as
79.榜樣mdel, example
80.怒視glare at, lk at sth angrily
81.平靜的calm, nt excited
82.抽象的abstract, nt specific
83.積極的active, nt passive
84.殘酷地cruelly, withut mercy, mercilessly
85.復雜的cmplicated, nt simple, cmplex
86.人造的artificial, man-made
87.故意地deliberately, n purpse, purpsely
88.獨自地alne, by neself
89.有危險in danger, at risk
90.占...比例accunt fr, make up
91.青少年adlescent, teenager
92.看醫(yī)生g t see/cnsult a dctr
93.更喜歡prefer sth, like sth better
94.使生氣anny sb, make sb angry
95.報道此事cver/reprt the event
96.很多a lt (f), a great deal (f)
97.影響交通hld up/blck traffic
98.澄清，闡明clarify, make sth clear
99.可得到的be available, be easily gt
100.試驗try ut, test
101.無論如何anyhw, in any way
102.在……后面behind, at the back f
103.無論什么whatever, n matter what
104.使某人高興cheer sb up, make sb happy
105.得出結論cnclude, draw a cnclusin
106.聰明的clever, bright, wise, smart
107.做報告give a presentatin/talk/speech
108.輟學，退學drp ut f/leave schl
109.出國g abrad, g t a freign cuntry
110.控告accuse sb f sth, charge sb with sth
111.置若罔聞turn a deaf ear t, refuse t listen t
112.使能做某事enable sb t d, make sb able t d
113.不理，忽視ignre, verlk, pay n attentin t
114.受歡迎的be ppular with, be well received (by...)
115.成功做某事manage t d sth, succeed in ding sth
116.把...分開 break sth apart, split/divide/separate sth
117.勸某人做 advise sb t d, try t persuade sb t d
118.方式，方法way, slutin, apprach, methd, means
119.信任，信賴 trust, believe, have cnfidence/faith in
120.制訂計劃make a plan, wrk ut a plan, draw up a plan
121.開始存在appear, cme int being, cme int existence
122.在農(nóng)村，城市 in the cuntryside/city, rural/urban areas
123.除……之外besides, as well as, in additin t, apart frm
124.用...替換 replace…with, use…as an alternative t…
125.情況良好in (a) gd cnditin, in a gd state/situatin
126.可進入／接近的be accessible, be easy t enter/reach/use
127.再一次again, nce mre, nce again, ver and ver again
128.對……全然不知be in the dark abut, knw nthing abut
129.把某物分配給某人allcate sth t sb, divide sth amng sb
130.認為think/believe that, hld the view that, argue/claim that
131.用完某物run ut f sth, lack sth, sth run ut, sth be used up
132.防...止疾病prtect…frm sickness, avid/prevent sickness
133.值得，應得deserve sth, be wrthy f sth, be wrth ding sth
134.反對be against, ppse, bject t, disagree with, disapprve f
135.老年人ld peple, the ld, senir citizens, the aged, the elderly
136.勸某人不要做 discurage sb frm ding, persuade sb nt t d
137.有機會使用／做have access t sth, have the chance f ding sth
138.充滿 be full f, be filled with, be flded with, be crwded with
139.下降，減少 decline, cme/g dwn, drp, fall, decrease, reduce
140.突然笑/哭起來burst int laughter/tears, burst ut laughing/crying
141.告訴某人某事tell sb sth, infrm sb f sth, keep sb infrmed f sth
142.寧做A不做B d A rather than (ding) B, d A instead f (ding) B
143.對某人生氣get angry with sb, get crss with sb, be annyed with sb
144.全世界all ver/arund the wrld, wrldwide, glbally, internatinally
145.吸引某人interest/attract/draw sb, appeal t sb, catch sb’s eye/attentin
146.優(yōu)于，勝過have the advantage ver, have the edge ver, be better than
147.重要 cunt, matter, be imprtant, significant, vital, crucial/be f imprtance
148.致力于apply/bend/cmmit/devte neself t, be bent/cmmitted/devted t
149.旨在做aim/be aimed at ding, be designed/intended t d, be meant t d sth
150.偶然地 incidentally, accidentally, by chance/ accident/ cincidence, casually, ccasinally
151一…就… n ding; immediately, directly, instantly; the mment, the minute, the secnd, the instant; as sn as, n sner…than, hardly/scarcely…when
第二組
1.away frm 除了…之外=aside frm=n tp f = ther than= in additin t= as well as except fr= except =but
2.by neself 靠自己，獨自= (all) n ne’s wn= (all) alne fr neself 為自己
3.be in pssessin f…擁有=be pssessed f…= pssess…= take pssessin f
4.lk after…照顧= take care f… = care fr…= deal with… = attend t…
5.lk n/upn A as B 把A視為B=think f A as B=view A as B =see A as B =regard A as B = cnsider A as B
6.表示“阻止、防止、禁止”的動詞都可以與frm連用
ban/ prhibit/ restrict/ restrain sb frm ding sth 禁止某人做某事
prevent/stp sb (frm) ding sth 阻止某人做某事=keep sb frm ding sth例外：frbid sb t d sth 禁止某人做某事
7.have a liking fr… 喜歡= like/lve/enjy…= be fnd f…
8.t be frank with yu, 坦白說/ 老實說= frankly speaking, …= t tell yu the truth,… = t be hnest (with yu), …
9.feel at ease感到輕松 =feel relaxed nt feel at ease 感到不安 =feel unease
10.lk ut fr…小心/注意…=watch ut fr…
11.by n means 決不，絕不= nt… by any means=nt…at all=nt …in the least=nt …in the slightest
=under n circumstances以上結構用于句首時，使用部分倒裝的結構
12.burst int tears 突然大哭 =burst ut crying burst int laughter 突然大笑 =burst ut laughing
13.fr nthing 免費=fr free = free=withut payment
14.fr the time being目前= fr the present
15.see t it + that從句 務必確定…=make sure + that從句 =ensure that從句（其中that后接從句，大多使用一般時態(tài)、完成時態(tài)）
16.be tired frm +名詞/代詞/動名詞（ding） 因…而疲勞/累be tired f +名詞/代詞/動名詞（ding）對…厭倦
be sick and tired f +名詞/代詞/動名詞（ding）對…厭倦 相當于be sick f與be tired f的結合，起到強大作用 相當于be bred with…或be fed up with…
17.lk dwn n/upn 輕視/瞧不起某人= despise/scrn/disdain
18.lk up t sb 尊敬某人= respect sb = hld sb in high esteem
19.make up fr… 為…補償；彌補= cmpensate fr…（高考考過）
20.the rad t +名詞 通往…之道= the key t +名詞...的鑰匙/答案
21.Hw’s it ging with yu? 你近來如何？=Hw are yu (ding)?
22. n purpse 故意地=deliberately =intentinally
23.be ut f wrk 失業(yè)/不上班=be ut f a jb=be unemplyed
24.n the dt一分不差地/準時=t the minute = exactly
25.by the minute 一分一秒地=minute by minute =each/every minute
26.in a minute 待會兒= in a secnd = in a mment
27.keep in tuch with 與…聯(lián)絡= keep in cntact with …=make cntact with… =cntact…
28.cme up with… 想出/提出…（答案，主意等）=figure ut…=hit n/upn= put frward
29.make sb ut t be 斷言某人是…= think/maintain/assert that sb is
30.make ut 了解…= understand =take in
31.What d yu say t ding sth? 做…你讓我如何？=Hw/What abut ding sth?
32.stuff A with B 以B填塞A= stuff B int A
33.fr all… 盡管…=despite… = in spite f…
34.be bund fr +地點名詞 開往/駛往某地= head fr = leave fr = make fr =start fr =set ff/ut fr
35.be bund t + 名詞 被綁在…上=be tied t= be fastened t= be attached t
36.prefer t d + rather than d 喜歡做…勝于做/而不喜歡做=prefer t d + instead f ding
37.fr gd 永遠地；永久地=fr gd and all= frever = fr ever = fr ever and ever= eternally = permanently
38.wnder at 對…感到驚異=be amazed at
39.fr all I knw, … 就我所知，…=as far as I knw, …=s far as I knw, …= t my knwledge, …
= t my understanding, … be beynd ne’s understanding 超過某人是所能理解的范圍
40.in the interest f 對…有利的=fr the benefit f
41.be in cperatin with 與…合作cperate with 與…合作
42.put…int practice 將…付諸實施/施行= put…int actin= carry ut…put…in/int practice 將…付諸實行
in practice 實際上= =in reality
43.put aside… 存（錢等）=set aside… =save…
44.A get acquainted with B A與B認識= A make B’s acquaintance acquaint vt.使認識
45.buy sth fr +錢 用多少錢買某物=buy sth at the cst/price/rate f +錢 以某價格買某物=pay錢 fr sth
buy sth fr sb 買某物給某人（高考英語考過）= buy sb sth
46.be abve ding sth 不愿意/不屑于…= be unwilling t d sth=be reluctantly
47.keep up with 跟上/趕上；與…并駕齊驅=keep pace with=keep abreast f
48.industrius 勤奮的=hardwrking =diligent
49.be secnd t nne 不亞于任何人/物，= be the best=have n peer/rival/equal=be withut ne’s peer
無人能出其右，沒有敵手be secnd t +名詞/代詞 僅次于…
50.all f a sudden 突然；忽然= all at nce = suddenly =sharply= ut f the blue= withut warning
51.cheat n sb 對某人不忠=be nt faithful t sb
52. learn…by heart 將…背起來=memrize注：recite 指發(fā)聲背出
53. g n with 繼續(xù)從事=get n with =cntinue (with)
54. at ne’s leisure 在某人空閑/有空時=in ne’s free/spare time leisure 閑暇，空閑
55.cme acrss 無意間發(fā)現(xiàn)…= happen n =encunter
56.run int sb 與某人不期而遇；偶遇= bump int sb = encunter sb
57.cme t 蘇醒；恢復知覺= cme arund = cme rund
58.by degree 漸漸地= little by little = gradually
59.be in charge f 負責…= be respnsible fr… 負責…（對…負責）= take respnsibility fr…（對/為…負責）
be respnsible t sb fr sth 對某人負責某事
60.because f 因為/由于=wing t =n accunt f = due t
61.bring n 導致/引起=bring abut = lead t = lead up t=cntribute t =cause= accunt fr=make fr=result in (result frm…起因于…)
62.withut result 沒有成效= t n avail = in vain = fr nthing
63.with the cming f… 隨著…的到來= with the appraching f…
64.n the cntrary 相反地= instead
65.at a strke 一口氣；一次= withut stpping
66.with a view t ding sth 為了從事/為了做某事=with an eye t ding sth =fr the purpse f + ding sth
= in rder t d （可句首、句中）= s as t d （多用于句中）
67.the key t… 開啟…的的鑰匙/秘訣the slutin t sth …的解決方法the answer t sth …的答案
68.in place f 取代…=instead f
69.identify with… 同情…，認同…
70.be particular abut 對…挑剔= be picky abut= find fault with sb
71.be under repair 在修理中= be being repaired
72.inquire int 調(diào)查…= lk int = investigate
73.inquire after sb 問候某人的健康狀況= ask fr sb
74.lk frward t +名詞/代詞/ding 期待…=expect t d= anticipate +名詞/代詞/ding
75.be keen n/abut… 熱衷于…= be enthusiastic abut
76.be capable f ding sth 有能力做…= be able t d sth
77.t sme extent 就某種程度上來說= t sme degree = in a sense
78.t the end 到最后= t the bitter end
79.jke abut 對…開玩笑=make fun f=play jkes/a jke n sb= play tricks/a trick n sb
80.at heart 心地上，本質(zhì)上=by nature
81.be bent n ding sth 一心想要做某事
= be determined t d sth
82.n/upn sth/ding sth, +主語+動詞… 一…，就… =as sn as +主語+動詞，+主句（主語+動詞…）
83.be prud f 為…感到驕傲/自豪= take pride in = pride neself n
84.be typical f 是…的特征/寫照= be characteristic f
85. tell A frm B 區(qū)別A于B的不同/差異= tell the difference between A and B=tell A and B apart
=distinguish A frm B
86.set up 建立=fund =establish
87.set abut (ding) sth 開始著手= set ut t d sth=begin/start t d =begin/start ding/sth
88.devte …t… 將…致力于/獻身于…=dedicate …t…
89.apprve f… 贊同disapprve f… 反對/不贊成apprve （及物動詞為“批準、核準”）
90.turn ut (t be) 結果是（系動詞）=prve (t be)
91.turn up 出現(xiàn)，到達= shw up =arrive, appear
92.be free frm… 沒有…/脫離…=be free f…= be withut…
93.be dressed in… 穿著…= have n…= be wearing…
94.be different frm 與…不同= differ frm be indifferent frm 對…漠不關心
95.play a big/an imprtant part in (ding) sth 在…方面扮演重要角色play a big/an imprtant rle in (ding) sth
96.be blivius f 忘卻…=be frgetful f =frget…
97.d away with… 除去/擺脫…= get rid f…
98.put up with 容忍=tlerate =bear =stand=withstand
99.be famus fr +名詞/代詞/動名詞 因…而出名=be knwn fr = be nted fr be ntrius fr 因…而惡名昭彰
100. keep t the rules 堅守規(guī)則= stick t the rules=cnfrm t the rules =cmply with the rules
101. be unaware f 不知道…= be uncnscius f
102. be cnfident f 對…有信心= have cnfidence in
103. be thankful t sb fr ding sth 因某事感激某人= be grateful t sb fr ding sth= be bliged t sb fr ding sth= be indebted t sb fr ding sth
104. be incapable f 無能力做某事=be unable t d
105. be senir sb by年 比某人年長…歲=be lder than sb by 年 be junir sb by年 比某人年幼…歲= be yunger than sb by年 prir t… 在…前= befre
106. by +時間 最遲不超過某時間= nt later than =befre
107. be fr sth 贊成 =be in favr f sthbe against 反對 =be ppsed t
108. be ppsed t (ding) sth 反對…=bject t (ding) sth =ppse (ding) sth
109. cme ff 發(fā)生，舉行=cme abut= take place = happen = ccur
110. succeed t 繼承= take ver = inherit
111. cnsist in 在于… = lie in
112. cnsist f 由…組成=be made up f =be cmpsed f
113. run after 追逐/追求…= chase be after sb = be chasing sb 追趕某人
114.be sensitive t （心理上）對…敏感be allergic t （生理上）對…敏感/過敏be sensible f 感覺到…的
=be aware f =be cnscius f 知道…
115. call n sb t d 呼吁/要求某人做某事=urge sb t d =ask sb t d
116. call sb dwn 責罵/責備某人=scld sb = tell sb ff
117. depend n 依賴/指望=rely n =cunt n =lk t sb = turn t sb都可以后接sb t d sth 指望/依賴某人去做某事，都可以后接fr sth depend n sb fr help 指望/求助于某人的幫助=lk t sb fr help=cunt n sb fr help=rely n sb fr help =turn t sb fr help
118. lk fr 尋找 =search/ hunt/ seek fr lk t 指望/依賴 lk t sb fr help 指望/依賴某人幫忙
119. with regard t 關于…=in regard t =with respect t =in respect f=cncerning =regarding=as t =abut, n
120. take A fr B 誤將A當作B= mistake A fr B
121. call n sb 拜訪某人= pay a visit t sb= pay sb a visit =visit call fr 需要…（主語多為sth）= require
122. call ff 取消 =cancel
123. be equal t 勝任=be cut ut fr =be cmpetent fr
124. get thrugh with 做完= be thrugh with = finish= be finished with = be dne with
125. fr ages 好長一段時間=fr a lng time
126. fr the time being 目前=fr the present
127. live a …life 過著…的生活=lead a…life = have a …life
128. be in high spirits 心情很好=be in gd md=be in gd humr
be in lw spirits 心情很差=be in a bad md=be in a bad humr
129. be thrugh sth 經(jīng)歷某事= experience sth =underg sth =g thrugh sth
130. in detail 詳細地= at length
131. stand fr 代表/表示=represent=be n behalf f=symblize
132. present sb with sth 贈與某物給某人=present sth t sb
133. prvide sb with sth 提供某物給某人= prvide sth fr sb=supply sb with sth=supply sth t sb=affrd sb sth
=affrd sth t sb
134. be brught up 被撫養(yǎng)長大= be raised= be reared bring up = raise 將某人撫養(yǎng)長大
135. agree with sb 和某人看法相同= see eye t eye with sb
136. attend t 對…專注= pay attentin t= be attentive t
137. take n 帶有/呈現(xiàn)出…= assume
138. take after 和…相像=resemble
139. make fun f 取笑…= tease
140. brush…aside 忽視/漠視=ignre
141. brush up n 復習=g ver =review =revise
142. hpe fr sth 期待/希望…=wish fr =lng fr = desire
143. g with 與…相配=match
144. turn dwn 拒絕=reject =refuse
145. keep ff… 遠離…；不讓…接近=stay away frm
146. by accident 不經(jīng)意間；無意地；偶然地=by chance =accidentally =unexpectedly
147. take …ff…. 將…從…取下來 take …ut f… 把…拿出來從…= take …frm…
148. blame sb fr sth 因為…責怪某人；把某事歸罪于某人身上= blame sth n sb=lay/ place/ put the blame n sb fr sth
149. talk sb int ding sth 說服某人做某事=persuade sb t d sth
150. talk sb ut f ding sth 說服某人不要做某事=persuade sb nt t d sth=dissuade sb frm ding sth
1.（2025·湖北省高中名校聯(lián)盟第二次聯(lián)合測評）When Mammla and Ficetla went t an eclgy cnference in 2021, they met a scientist with an unusual cmplaint. Jennifer Andersn, an expert in aquatic fungi(水生真菌), said that the subject f her research was nt available in emji(表情符號) frm. “If yu are ding the imprtant wrk f trying t save whales, yu can use pictures r images t help yu cmmunicate this,” said Andersn. “If yu are wrking t save the aquatic fungi, yu first must let peple knw that they exist, and then describe in wrds what they lk like.”
What did Andersn cmplain abut?
A．Lack f available emjis fr aquatic fungi.
B．Peple’s disinterest in studying aquatic fungi.
C．Peple’s unwillingness t save aquatic fungi.
D．Difficulty in describing aquatic fungi in wrds.
【答案】A
【解析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Jennifer Andersn, an expert in aquatic fungi(水生真菌), said that the subject f her research was nt available in emji(表情符號) frm. (Jennifer Andersn，一位水生真菌專家，說她的研究對象沒有可用的表情符號形式。)”可知，Andersn不滿的是她的研究對象缺乏表情符號，故選A項。
本題中題干中的cmplain源自cmplaint，選項Lack f---原文nt available
2.（2025·河南省三門峽市期中）When Sarah Wishnia received an iPad frm her daughter, she didn’t even knw hw t pen the thing. Max Rsenblum shwed her hw t scialize n Facebk and hw t shp n Amazn with her new device.
What happened t Sarah when she received the iPad frm her daughter?
A．She had n interest in pening it.B．She had n idea hw t use it.
C．She felt quite disappinted with it.D．She shwed it t Max Rsenblum.
【答案】B
【解析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“When Sarah Wishnia received an iPad frm her daughter, she didn’t even knw hw t pen the thing. (當Sarah Wishnia從她女兒那里收到一臺iPad時，她甚至不知道如何打開這個東西。)”可知，Sarah收到女兒的iPad時不知道怎么打開它，也就是不知道如何使用，故選B項。
本題中正確選項中的had n idea=didn’t even knw hw t pen the thing=hw t use it此處打開iPad就是使用它。
考點六 運籌帷幄——熟記常用有關文章出處的詞匯
常用有關文章體裁的詞匯
1.stry故事
2.nvel/fictin小說science nvel/fictin科幻小說
3.fable寓言
4.fairy tale童話；神話
6.advertisement/Ad 廣告
8.leaflet傳單；小冊子
9.website/web page網(wǎng)頁 link (鏈接) , click(點擊) , hit(點擊),dwnlad(下載) ,bk here(點擊這里 )
An fficial website官方網(wǎng)站A travel website旅游網(wǎng)站an instructive website有教育意義的網(wǎng)站
10.magazine雜志
travel magazine旅游雜志gegraphy magazine地理雜志art magazine藝術雜志science magazine科學雜志illustrated magazine插圖雜志financial magazine金融雜志
11.newspaper報紙?business newspaper商業(yè)報紙
12.reprt報告
science reprt科學報告medical reprt醫(yī)學報告fficial reprt官方報告research reprt研究報告news reprt新聞報道
13.jurnal日記，日志
?A travel jurnal旅行雜志
14.A guidebk旅游指南
travel guidebk旅行指南A guide bk一本指南exhibitin guidebk展覽指南A prgram guide一個程序指南
15.brchure 小冊子；手冊
A training brchure培訓手冊A travel brchure旅行手冊
16.review評論
A bk review?A literature review書評?A film review電影評論
17.article文章；論文
academic article學術文章research article研究文章18.essay論說文；論文
19.bigraphy傳記
20.lecture講座
21.A clumn intrductin專欄介紹
22.A recipe bk食譜書
23.entertainment 娛樂節(jié)目
24.gvernment dcument政府文獻
25.curse plan課程計劃
26.a club newsletter俱樂部通訊
27.encyclpedia百科全書
A gegraphical encyclpedia地理百科全書

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