
【高頻考點(diǎn)解密】2023年高考英語(yǔ)二輪復(fù)習(xí)講義完形填空解密01 詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)的復(fù)習(xí)要點(diǎn)
【高考預(yù)測(cè)】縱觀近幾年全國(guó)高考試題,預(yù)測(cè)2023年全國(guó)高考試題還會(huì)①文章基本控制在4-5段, 250個(gè)詞左右,且趨于穩(wěn)定。②文體以記敘文、夾敘夾議為主,話(huà)題多樣,但均貼近生活。對(duì)于記敘文,要按照記敘文的6要素理順?biāo)鶖⑹虑榈拿}絡(luò),還要重視其背后的情感線(xiàn)索。文章均是正能量十足的好文章。③文章結(jié)構(gòu)大致相同,都是以“總-分”或“總-分-總”結(jié)構(gòu)為主,第一段是主旨段,提出話(huà)題,之后的幾個(gè)段落展開(kāi)說(shuō)明或深入議論。每個(gè)段落內(nèi)部也同樣基本采取“總-分”或“總-分-總”結(jié)構(gòu),段落開(kāi)頭點(diǎn)明該段的大意,然后再展開(kāi)詳細(xì)闡述,必要時(shí)再做一簡(jiǎn)單總結(jié)。考點(diǎn)1 詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)2023年命題解讀和近三年考點(diǎn)分布
1.【2022·新高考I卷】My husband, ur children and I have had wnderful camping experiences ver the past ten years.Sme f ur memries are funny, especially frm the early years when ur children were little. Once, we ___22___ alng Chalk Creek. 22. A. campedB. drveC. walkedD. cycled22. A考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意:有一次,我們沿著白堊溪露營(yíng)。A. camped露營(yíng);B. drve開(kāi)車(chē);C. walked散步;D. cycled騎自行車(chē)。根據(jù)上文“My husband, ur children and I have had wnderful camping experiences ver the past ten years.”可知,此處指作者與家人一起在溪邊露營(yíng)。故選A。提醒:camping ---camped同一詞復(fù)現(xiàn)2.【2022·新高考I卷】Anther time, we rented a bat in Vallecit Lake. The sky was clear when we headed ff, but strms mve in fast in the muntains, and this ne quickly interrupted ur peaceful mrning trip. The ___29___ picked up and thunder rlled. 29. A. windB. niseC. temperatureD. speed29. A考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:狂風(fēng)大作,雷聲隆隆。A. wind風(fēng);B. nise噪音;C. temperature溫度;D. speed速度。根據(jù)上文“strms mve in fast in the muntains”可推知,此處指大風(fēng)刮了起來(lái)。故選A。提醒:strms--wind同義詞復(fù)現(xiàn)3.【2022·新高考全國(guó)Ⅱ卷】It might sund like ne lng, expensive vacatin , but the cuple has an unusual way t make their travel ___23___ .23.A.safeB.busyC.helpfulD.a(chǎn)ffrdable23.考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意:這聽(tīng)起來(lái)像是一個(gè)漫長(zhǎng)而昂貴的假期,但這對(duì)夫婦有一種不同尋常的方式讓他們的旅行負(fù)擔(dān)得起。A. safe安全的;B. busy忙碌的;C. helpful有幫助的;D. affrdable買(mǎi)的起的。對(duì)應(yīng)上文“It might sund like ne lng, expensive”指聽(tīng)起來(lái)昂貴,但這對(duì)夫婦有一種不同尋常的方式讓他們的旅行負(fù)擔(dān)得起。故選D。提醒:expensive--affrdable反義詞復(fù)現(xiàn)
4.【2022·全國(guó)甲】When I first dated Steve, I learned he had a dg, Mlly, and a cat, Flra. While I was thrilled that he was an animal lver, I wrried that three dgs were perhaps t many, and my dgs might attack ___46___ , the cat. 46. A. FlraB. ChanceC. MllyD. Tilly46. A雖然我很高興他是一個(gè)動(dòng)物愛(ài)好者,但我擔(dān)心三條狗可能太多了,我的狗可能會(huì)攻擊貓F(tuán)lra。根據(jù)上文的“he had a dg, Mlly, and a car, Flra (他有一條名叫Mlly的狗和一只名叫Flra的貓)”可知,此處指作者擔(dān)心自己的狗可能會(huì)攻擊史蒂夫的貓F(tuán)lra。故選A。提醒:Flra--Flra同一詞復(fù)現(xiàn)5.【2021·全國(guó)高考乙卷】Simply saying thank yu desn't seem enugh in certain situatins. I was cnsidering this while wrking as a 41 just a few weeks ag. 41.A.cleanerB.chemistC.nurseD.dctr考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:幾周前我在做護(hù)士的時(shí)候就在考慮這個(gè)問(wèn)題。A. cleaner清潔工;B. chemist化學(xué)家,藥劑師;C. nurse護(hù)士;D. dctr醫(yī)生。根據(jù)下文的“as she was_____she was eager t say ______t each f us in the nursing team.”可知,當(dāng)時(shí)作者是一名護(hù)士。故選C。復(fù)現(xiàn)的文章內(nèi)容:6.【2021·浙江6月高考】The nly way t pay fr the grceries was t take ff the 41 she culd d withut: a bttle f rubbing alchl(醫(yī)用酒精)and a bar f sup. 41. A. weight B. things C. mask D. glasses41.B 考查名詞。根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容可知,這里填“things”,指母親原本打算購(gòu)買(mǎi)的東西,故選B。復(fù)現(xiàn)的文章內(nèi)容:
as she was leaving she was eager t say gdbye t each f us in the nursing team.
My mther was putting her grceries int shpping bags when a stranger came up t her and said, "Here are the things that yu put back ."
7. 【2020·山東省高考英語(yǔ)試卷(新高考全國(guó)Ⅰ卷)】Mlai grew up in a tiny village in India. The village lay near sme wetlands which became his secnd 21 .21.A.dreamB.jbC.hmeD.chice21.考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:這個(gè)村莊位于一些濕地附近,那里成了他的第二個(gè)家。A. dream夢(mèng)想;B. jb工作;C. hme家;D. chice選擇。根據(jù)空前的secnd可知,他出生的村莊是他的家,村莊附近的一些”濕地”成為了他的第二個(gè)”家”。故選C。復(fù)現(xiàn)的文章內(nèi)容:8. 【2020·浙江卷】The lamb had becme separated frm its 37 , s I jumped ut f the tractr t tend t it while Dn stayed in his scat.37.A.kidsB.friendsC.wnerD.mther37.考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:小羊和它的媽媽走散了,所以我跳下拖拉機(jī)去照看它,而Dn還坐在它的座位上。A. kids小孩;B. friends朋友;C. wner主人;D. mther媽媽。根據(jù)下文Lamb and mther,可知小羊是和它的媽媽走散了。故選D。復(fù)現(xiàn)的文章內(nèi)容:9. (2020?新課標(biāo)全國(guó)卷II)He bught a bk and was surprised t find a picture f the artist Pierre Bnnard sitting n the same chair in the same 54 as his father’s painting.54.A.rmB.kitchenC.hallD.garden54. D考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:他買(mǎi)了一本書(shū),非常吃驚的發(fā)現(xiàn)里面有一幅藝術(shù)家Pierre Bnnard的畫(huà),他坐在和父親畫(huà)里面一樣的花園里,一樣的椅子上。A. rm房間;B. kitchen餐廳; C. hall 大廳;D. garden花園。根據(jù)上文的with a yung girl sitting n a garden chair可知此處用“花園”符合語(yǔ)境,garden是原詞復(fù)現(xiàn),故選D項(xiàng)。復(fù)現(xiàn)的文章內(nèi)容:
When he was 16, Mlai began t ntice smething disturbing happening arund his hme.
Lamb and mther reunited, I turned back t the tractr nly t see it mve suddenly away frm me.
the ne with a yung girl sitting n a garden chair. It was signed(簽名) “Bnnat” r s he thught,
10. (2020?新課標(biāo)全國(guó)卷II)It was signed(簽名) “Bnnat” r s he thught, but when he researched it, he nly fund “Bnnard,” a French 52 he had never heard f.52.A.painterB.designerC.a(chǎn)uthrD.a(chǎn)ctr52. A考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:畫(huà)上署名Bnnat或者他認(rèn)為是這樣,但當(dāng)他仔細(xì)研究它時(shí),他只發(fā)現(xiàn)了Bnnard,一個(gè)他從未聽(tīng)說(shuō)過(guò)的法國(guó)畫(huà)家。A. painter畫(huà)家;B. designer設(shè)計(jì)師;C. authr 作家;D. actr演員。根據(jù)下文的a picture f the artist Pierre Bnnard可知,此處用畫(huà)家符合語(yǔ)境,故選A項(xiàng)。復(fù)現(xiàn)的文章內(nèi)容:11. (2020?新課標(biāo)全國(guó)卷I)I have a very strng 51 that the lie we’re telling is ding spiritual damage t ur children.51.A.demandB.fearC.desireD.dubt51. B考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:我有一種強(qiáng)烈的害怕,害怕我們正在說(shuō)的謊言會(huì)對(duì)孩子們?cè)斐尚撵`上的傷害。A. demand要求;B. fear害怕;C. desire欲望;D. dubt懷疑。根據(jù)that the lie we're telling is ding 52 damage t ur children.和Maybe it's an unreasnable fear.可知這是讓我強(qiáng)烈害怕的事情。故選B。復(fù)現(xiàn)的文章內(nèi)容:12.【2020·全國(guó)新課標(biāo)III】As s businesswman, I care deeply abut my custmers. But like anyne fr whm yu feel affectin, 41 can als drive yu mad. 41. A. shpkeepersB. custmersC. salespersnsD. receptinists41.考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:但就像任何一個(gè)你喜歡的人一樣,顧客也會(huì)讓你抓狂。A. shpkeepers店主;B. custmers顧客;C. salespersns售貨員;?D. receptinist接待員。根據(jù)上文I care deeply abut my custmers可知作者是生意人,因此此處指的是顧客讓自己抓狂。故選B。復(fù)現(xiàn)的文章內(nèi)容:
a picture f the artist Pierre Bnnard
Maybe it’s an unreasnable fear
I care deeply abut my custmers
【精講研法】——課堂講解突破核心考點(diǎn) 考點(diǎn)1 詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)【做題實(shí)踐中找規(guī)律】【例1】【安徽省皖南八校2022-2023學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期第二次大聯(lián)考】On Aug. 5, Favrin wrked in the yard and watched his granddaughter. In the afternn, he tk a break and went dwnstairs t d his each-day ____41____, a high intensity interval (間歇) rutine. 41.A.husewrkB.exerciseC.researchD.shpping【答案】B【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:下午,他休息一下,下樓做他每天的運(yùn)動(dòng),一種高強(qiáng)度間歇訓(xùn)練。A. husewrk家務(wù);B. exercise鍛煉;C. research研究;D. shpping購(gòu)物。根據(jù)上文“d his each-day exercise”可知,每天運(yùn)動(dòng)是他的日常。故選B。同一復(fù)現(xiàn)?!纠?】【云南省昆明市第一中學(xué)2022-2023學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期第五次二輪復(fù)習(xí)檢測(cè)】Her father died in February 2018, leaving her family in ___22___debt, which was a big burden. Her mther has disabilities and can’t speak well.22.A.smallB.seriusC.dubtfulD.bad【答案】B【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意:她的父親于2018年2月去世,給她的家人留下了大量的債務(wù),這是一個(gè)很大的負(fù)擔(dān)。A. small小的;B. serius大量的;C. dubtful懷疑的;D. bad壞的。根據(jù)該句中的“which was a big burden”可推知,此處為她的父親于2018年2月去世,給她的家人留下了大量的債務(wù)。故選B。同意復(fù)現(xiàn)?!纠?】【云南省昆明市第一中學(xué)2022-2023學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期第五次二輪復(fù)習(xí)檢測(cè)】“I wanted t feel cnnected with peple,” she says, “and I feel like helping ther peple by making use f the___28___ I gained. What I determined t d was t be a medical dctr. Nt nly am I learning medical knwledge and skills, but als hw t understand the needs and cncerns f patients.”28.A.a(chǎn)ssistanceB.a(chǎn)dviceC.frtuneD.knwledge【答案】D【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:我想利用我所學(xué)到的知識(shí)來(lái)幫助別人。A. assistance幫助;B. advice建議;C. frtune運(yùn)氣;D. knwledge知識(shí)。根據(jù)下文“Nt nly am I learning medical knwledge and skills”可知,Miki想利用自己所學(xué)到的知識(shí)來(lái)幫助別人。故選D。同一復(fù)現(xiàn)。
規(guī)律方法:完形填空技巧之詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)包括原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)、同義詞復(fù)現(xiàn)、同根詞復(fù)現(xiàn)、概括詞復(fù)現(xiàn)以及結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)現(xiàn)等。完形填空所選的文章都是具有邏輯關(guān)系、意義相連的語(yǔ)篇,因此,在行文中不可避免地會(huì)出現(xiàn)詞語(yǔ)的復(fù)現(xiàn)、前后同義或反義、相互照應(yīng)等現(xiàn)象。所以,解題時(shí)應(yīng)聯(lián)系上下文尋找相關(guān)線(xiàn)索,如某一個(gè)詞的原詞、指代詞、同義詞、近義詞、上義詞、下義詞和概括詞等。但由于我們?cè)谧鲱}時(shí)不可能總是重復(fù)地閱讀文章,因此,在做完形填空時(shí)要培養(yǎng)一種捕捉并記憶相關(guān)信息的能力。(1)原詞或同根詞復(fù)現(xiàn)原詞或同根詞復(fù)現(xiàn)是指相同的單詞或同根詞在原文中反復(fù)出現(xiàn),達(dá)到銜接文章的目的。(2)同義詞或近義詞復(fù)現(xiàn)同義詞或近義詞復(fù)現(xiàn)是指意義相同或相近的單詞在原文中反復(fù)出現(xiàn),以達(dá)到銜接文章的目的。在做完形填空試題時(shí),就可以利用這種銜接方式找到要填入單詞的同義詞或者近義詞,從而也就找到了試題的答案。這也包括了同源詞復(fù)現(xiàn),即相同詞根構(gòu)成的不同詞性的單詞在文章中反復(fù)出現(xiàn)。(3))反義詞復(fù)現(xiàn)反義詞復(fù)現(xiàn)是指和前文中詞義相反的單詞在原文中出現(xiàn),以達(dá)到銜接文章的目的。我們可以利用這一銜接手段在文章中尋找要填入單詞的反義詞。(4)結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)現(xiàn)有時(shí)空格處的信息并不局限于與前一句中某個(gè)信息點(diǎn)的重復(fù),可能是與前幾句中的某個(gè)信息點(diǎn)的重復(fù),也不局限于同詞復(fù)現(xiàn)或同義復(fù)現(xiàn),甚至連句式結(jié)構(gòu)都非常類(lèi)似?!咀兪骄v】【例1】【2023·山西省三重教育12月聯(lián)考】When it cmes t making lunch fr their kids, parents have usual favrites. Fr sme parents in the United States, thse ____21____ chices are peanut butter and jelly sandwiches.21.A.cuntableB.reliableC.preferableD.cmfrtable【答案】C【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意:對(duì)于美國(guó)的一些父母來(lái)說(shuō),那些更好的選擇是花生醬和果凍三明治。A. cuntable可數(shù)的;B. reliable可靠的;C. preferable更喜歡的;D. cmfrtable舒適的。根據(jù)上文的“When it cmes t making lunch fr their kids, parents have usual favrites.”可知,在美國(guó),有些父母偏愛(ài)花生醬和果凍三明治。故選C。近義詞復(fù)現(xiàn)。
【例2】【2023·山西省三重教育12月聯(lián)考】But Jenny Mllen has added an unusual ingredient(成分)t her children’s lunches. She uses funny-lking candy ____23____. Her children will eat any healthy fd if it has eatable “eyeballs” attached.23.A.cresB.nutsC.threadsD.eyes【答案】D【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:她用一雙看起來(lái)很滑稽的糖果眼。A. cres核;B. nuts堅(jiān)果;C. threads線(xiàn);D. eyes眼睛。根據(jù)下文的“Her children will eat any healthy fd if it has eatable “eyeballs” attached.”可知,這種特殊的成分是樣子看起來(lái)像眼睛。故選D?!纠?】【2023·山西省三重教育12月聯(lián)考】Her children will eat any healthy fd if it has eatable “eyeballs” attached. Mllen uses this ____24____ because her tw sns dn’t like t eat different kinds f fds. Therefre, she decrates their fd t lk like animals r even their favrite Pkemn??characters.24.A.mannerB.trickC.trialD.issue【答案】B【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:莫倫使用這個(gè)技巧是因?yàn)樗膬蓚€(gè)兒子不喜歡吃不同種類(lèi)的食物。A. manner方式;B. trick詭計(jì);C. trial嘗試;D. issue問(wèn)題。根據(jù)上文的“Her children will eat any healthy fd if it has eatable “eyeballs” attached.”可知,珍妮·莫倫用該技巧的原因是她的兩個(gè)孩子不喜歡吃各種各樣的食物。且下文“If they need t be tricked smetimes”也是提示。故選B?!纠?】【2023·山西省三重教育12月聯(lián)考】 She als thinks it is a gd way t get children t try fds frm ther ______34______, such as Chinese fd. If they need t be tricked smetimes, Mllen is pleased t play a rle.34.A.resurcesB.culturesC.menusD.ccasins【答案】B【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:她還認(rèn)為這是讓孩子們嘗試其他文化食物的好方法,例如中國(guó)食物。A. resurces資源;B. cultures文化;C. menus菜單;D. ccasins場(chǎng)合,時(shí)機(jī)。根據(jù)下文的“…such as Chinese fd”可知,珍妮·莫倫也讓孩子們嘗試來(lái)自其他文化的食物。故選B。
這是一份最新高考英語(yǔ)考點(diǎn)一遍過(guò)(講義) 考點(diǎn)52 完形填空議論文,共19頁(yè)。
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